High-low voltage power monitoring system

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-low voltage power monitoring system, and relates to the technical field of power monitoring. The high and low voltage power monitoring system comprises an electric signal data acquisition module; a communication line monitoring module; a signal sampling module; and an emergency repair module. The electric power data of the wire inlet end of the electric power system in the preset time period are collected in real time, electric signal processing is carried out to obtain the electric signal data, and then the electric signal data in the operation process of the electric power system are monitored in real time according to the communication line in the electric power system and data transmission is carried out. Meanwhile, signal extraction is carried out on the electric signal data in the data transmission process to obtain fundamental wave signals, sequential sampling is carried out, and finally the fault type and the fault position of the power system in the operation process are recognized according to the obtained abnormal load index, so that the real-time obtaining accuracy of the electric signal data in the power line is improved. The problem of low accuracy of real-time acquisition of electric signal data in a power line in the prior art is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power monitoring, and in particular to a high and low voltage power monitoring system. Background Art

[0002] With the transformation of the global energy structure and the rapid development of the power industry, the scale and complexity of the power grid are constantly increasing, and the operation and management of high and low voltage power equipment are facing increasing challenges. On the one hand, the rise of smart grids has promoted the innovation of power monitoring technology. Smart grids realize the intelligent operation and management of power grids by integrating advanced communication technology, information technology, automatic control technology and power engineering technology. Under the framework of smart grids, high and low voltage power monitoring systems need to be able to monitor the operating status of power equipment in real time and accurately, timely discover and deal with potential safety hazards, and ensure the stable operation of the power grid. On the other hand, the complexity and diversity of power equipment also put forward higher requirements for the power monitoring system. There are many types of high and low voltage power equipment, and the operating parameters are complex. Traditional monitoring methods are difficult to achieve comprehensive monitoring of all equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a high and low voltage power monitoring system that can be applied to different equipment and different scenarios to achieve all-round and multi-angle monitoring of power equipment.

[0003] The existing high and low voltage power monitoring system collects the sampled voltage in the preset area in real time, then detects the sampled voltage to obtain the voltage provided by the delay module, and finally monitors the power supply status of the power equipment in real time and issues circuit fault warnings, thereby suppressing overvoltage in the power supply circuit.

[0004] For example, the invention patent announcement number is: CN117767577B, which announces a power fault monitoring system based on current and voltage measurement, including: an acquisition module, which is arranged on the power transmission network and connected to the power supply layer and the power consumption layer through the power transmission network; a storage module, which is connected to the acquisition module and is used to store the information collected by the acquisition unit; a fault determination module, which is respectively connected to the acquisition module and the storage module, and is used to determine whether the operation of the acquisition module meets the preset standards according to the current and voltage fluctuation evaluation value; a display module, which is used to display the information determined by the fault determination module.

[0005] For example, the electric power data monitoring method and monitoring system announced in the invention patent with announcement number: CN117134502B include: a node data monitoring end, which monitors the node data generated by the preset power node and transmits the monitored node data to the analysis and calibration end; an analysis and calibration end, which receives the monitored node data and calibrates the power node with abnormal power load fluctuation as an abnormal node according to the power load parameters of the preset power node; a fluctuation data main analysis end, which analyzes the voltage parameters and operating temperature parameters generated by the abnormal node, and constructs a fluctuation curve of the voltage parameter to determine the abnormal fluctuation segment; a data processing end, which analyzes and confirms the abnormal fluctuation segment of the abnormal nodes interconnected around the managed node, generates a specific signal, and uses the same analysis method as the fluctuation data main analysis end to process the managed node.

[0006] However, in the process of implementing the technical solution of the invention in the embodiments of the present application, the present application found that the above technology has at least the following technical problems: In the prior art, the incoming line end of the power system is affected by electromagnetic waves during data transmission, resulting in more complex operating parameters in the power line and low accuracy in real-time acquisition of electrical signal data in the power line. Summary of the invention

[0007] The embodiments of the present application solve the problem of low accuracy in real-time acquisition of electrical signal data in power lines in the prior art by providing a high and low voltage power monitoring system, thereby improving the accuracy in real-time acquisition of electrical signal data in power lines.

[0008] The embodiment of the present application provides a high and low voltage power monitoring system, including: an electric signal data acquisition module, a communication line monitoring module, a signal sampling module and an emergency repair module; wherein the electric signal data acquisition module is used to collect the power data of the incoming line end of the power system in real time within a preset time period and perform electric signal processing to obtain the electric signal data, and the electric signal data is used to reflect the operating status of the power system within the preset time period; the communication line monitoring module is used to monitor the electric signal data during the operation of the power system in real time according to the communication line in the power system and perform data transmission; the signal sampling module is used to extract the electric signal data during the data transmission process to obtain the fundamental wave signal, and at the same time use the acquired fundamental wave signal as the input of the sample holder and sequentially sample the fundamental wave signal, and the fundamental wave signal is used to reflect the periodic changes of the electric signal data during the data transmission process within the preset time period; the emergency repair module is used to identify the fault type and fault location of the power system during operation according to the acquired abnormal load index, and at the same time optimize the ring network cabinet according to the ring connection in the distribution network, and the abnormal load index is an indicator of the abnormal load degree of the power system within the preset time period.

[0009] Furthermore, the data transmission also includes obtaining a line transmission impact index according to the dynamic characteristics of the transmission line parameters, and the specific steps include: collecting the voltage waveform of the power system in real time during operation through a phase sensor and obtaining the voltage phase difference according to the difference between the voltage value of the power line in a preset time period and the rated voltage value, and obtaining the voltage phase shift rate in combination with the phase difference reference value set in the power system; collecting the current waveform of the power system in real time during operation through a current sensor and extracting the current harmonic amplitude of the current waveform according to the harmonic separation method, and obtaining the current harmonic rate in combination with the initial harmonic amplitude when the power system starts to operate in the preset time period, and obtaining a preset current harmonic correction factor from a preset database according to the change of the current harmonic in the preset time period; collecting the total load loss of the power system in real time during operation through a power sensor and obtaining the load apparent power according to the voltage value and current value of the power line in the preset time period, thereby obtaining the load loss rate, and obtaining the line transmission impact index in combination with the obtained voltage phase shift rate and current harmonic rate, and the line transmission impact index is used to measure the influence of the transmission line parameters on the power line transmission process in the preset time period.

[0010] Furthermore, the line transmission impact index is calculated by the following formula: ; Where m is the number of the power line, , M is the total number of power lines, t is the number of the preset time period, , T is the total number of preset time periods, r is the number of current harmonics, , R is the total number of current harmonics, It represents the line transmission impact index of the power system in the t-th preset time period, represents the current harmonic rate of the current harmonic in the power line in the tth preset time period, represents the current harmonic correction factor, represents the load loss rate of the power system in the tth preset time period, It represents the voltage phase deviation rate of the power system in the tth preset time period.

[0011] Furthermore, the specific steps of sequentially sampling the fundamental wave signal include: initializing the sample holder of the set conversion channel, and converting the fundamental wave signal through the initialized sample holder, the conversion processing is used to convert the AC signal in the fundamental wave signal into a DC signal; inputting the DC signal into the initialized sample holder for sequential sampling to obtain second sampling data within a preset sampling period, and recording the sampling offset rate of the sampling channel in real time during the sequential sampling process, the second sampling data represents the instantaneous value of the DC signal in the sampling channel within the preset period, and the sampling offset rate is used to measure the degree of deviation between the sampling channel and the preset sampling path during the synchronous sampling and sequential sampling processes within the preset sampling period.

[0012] Further, the sampling offset rate is obtained by the following method: combining the fundamental frequency in the fundamental signal to record the sequential sampling timestamp and conversion processing timestamp of the sampling channel in a preset sampling period in real time, and monitoring the operation status of the sampling channel in real time according to the start signal and DC signal after vector conversion, thereby obtaining the sampling offset rate, the sampling offset rate represents the sum of the synchronous sampling offset rate and the sequential sampling offset rate; the sampling offset rate is calculated by the following formula: ; ; ; In the formula, x is the number of the fundamental signal, , J is the total number of fundamental signals, v is the number of the preset sampling period, , W is the total number of preset sampling periods, It represents the sampling deviation rate of the xth fundamental signal in the vth preset sampling period. It represents the synchronous sampling offset rate of the xth fundamental signal in the vth preset sampling period, It represents the sequential sampling offset rate of the xth fundamental signal in the vth preset sampling period, e is a natural constant, Indicates the synchronous sampling timestamp of the xth fundamental signal in the vth preset sampling period, Indicates the preset synchronous sampling timestamp, represents the first sampling data of the xth fundamental wave signal in the vth preset sampling period, Indicates the reference first sampling data, Represents the start signal vector of the xth fundamental signal in the vth preset sampling period, represents the reference start signal vector, represents the second sampling data of the xth fundamental wave signal in the vth preset sampling period, Indicates reference to the second sampling data, Represents the DC signal vector of the xth fundamental signal in the vth preset sampling period, represents the reference DC signal vector, represents the basic frequency of the xth fundamental signal in the vth preset sampling period, N represents the number of sequential sampling channels, Indicates the sequential sampling timestamp of the xth fundamental signal in the vth preset sampling period, Indicates the conversion processing timestamp of the xth fundamental wave signal in the vth preset sampling period.

[0013] Furthermore, the emergency repair module includes a fault identification unit, a ring network cabinet optimization unit and an emergency repair unit; the fault identification unit is used to identify the fault location according to the abnormal load index and the topological structure of the power system and the fluctuation of the current and voltage of the power system during operation; the ring network cabinet optimization unit is used to isolate the fault area and the non-fault area in the ring network cabinet, and adjust the ring wiring in the ring network cabinet according to the fault type in the fault area. The emergency repair unit is used to extract fault information in the fault area and take corresponding emergency repair measures to prevent the fault in the fault area from spreading to the non-fault area.

[0014] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: 1. The electric signal data in the operation process of the electric system is monitored in real time and data is transmitted through the communication lines in the electric system. At the same time, the electric signal data in the data transmission process is extracted to obtain the fundamental signal and sequentially sampled. Finally, the fault type and fault location of the electric system in the operation process are identified according to the acquired abnormal load index, thereby achieving more accurate sampling of the fundamental signal, and then achieving the improvement of the accuracy of real-time acquisition of electric signal data in the power line, which effectively solves the problem of low accuracy of real-time acquisition of electric signal data in the power line in the prior art.

[0015] 2. The power data at the incoming end of the power system is acquired in real time through the signal sensor and converted into analog signal data according to the conversion interface at the incoming end of the power system. The pre-processed analog signal data is then converted into digital signal data through the conversion interface and transmitted to the power line. At the same time, the digital signal data in the power line is converted into electrical signal data according to the optical fiber transceiver, thereby improving the accuracy of analog signal data conversion, and then improving the accuracy and reliability of electrical signal data.

[0016] 3. The electrical signal is obtained by removing the noise data in the electrical signal data and performing digital filtering processing. The obtained electrical signal is amplified at the same time, and then the frequency of the electrical signal within a preset period is estimated to extract the fundamental frequency in the electrical signal. At the same time, a bandpass filter is used to extract the fundamental signal and perform phase correction, thereby improving the accuracy of electrical signal acquisition and achieving more accurate acquisition of the fundamental signal. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a high and low voltage power monitoring system provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 A three-dimensional coordinate analysis diagram of the abnormal load index provided in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of an emergency repair module in a high and low voltage power monitoring system provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The embodiment of the present application solves the problem of low accuracy in real-time acquisition of electrical signal data in power lines in the prior art by providing a high and low voltage power monitoring system. The electrical signal data acquisition module collects the power data at the incoming line end of the power system in a preset time period in real time and performs electrical signal processing to obtain the electrical signal data. Then, the communication line monitoring module monitors the electrical signal data during the operation of the power system in real time according to the communication line in the power system and transmits the changes of the real-time monitored electrical signal data to a preset database through the feeder terminal. Then, the signal sampling module extracts the electrical signal data during the transmission process of the feeder terminal to obtain the fundamental wave signal. At the same time, the obtained fundamental wave signal is used as the input of the sample holder and the fundamental wave signal is sequentially sampled. Finally, the emergency repair module identifies the fault type and fault location of the power system during operation according to the obtained abnormal load index. At the same time, the ring network cabinet is optimized according to the ring wiring in the distribution network, thereby improving the accuracy of real-time acquisition of electrical signal data in the power line.

[0019] The technical solution in the embodiment of the present application is to solve the problem of low accuracy in real-time acquisition of electrical signal data in the above-mentioned power lines. The overall idea is as follows: The communication lines in the power system are used to monitor the electrical signal data in the power system operation process in real time and transmit data. At the same time, signal extraction is performed on the electrical signal data in the data transmission process to obtain the fundamental signal and perform sequential sampling. Finally, the fault type and fault location of the power system in the operation process are identified according to the acquired abnormal load index, thereby achieving the effect of improving the accuracy of real-time acquisition of electrical signal data in the power line.

[0020] In order to better understand the above technical solution, the above technical solution will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, it is a structural schematic diagram of a high and low voltage power monitoring system provided by an embodiment of the present application. A high and low voltage power monitoring system provided by an embodiment of the present application includes: an electric signal data acquisition module, a communication line monitoring module, a signal sampling module and an emergency repair module; wherein the electric signal data acquisition module is used to collect the power data of the power system incoming line end in real time within a preset time period and perform electric signal processing to obtain the electric signal data, the power system incoming line end includes a high voltage power incoming line end and a low voltage power incoming line end, the power data includes voltage, current and power, the electric signal processing is used to convert the analog signal data in the power data into digital signal data, and the electric signal data is used to reflect the operating status of the power system within a preset time period; the communication line monitoring module is used to monitor the electric signal data in the operation process of the power system in real time according to the communication line in the power system and transmit the data, the communication line includes a simplex line, a half-duplex line and a full-duplex line, the data transmission is used to transmit the real-time monitored electric signal data changes to a preset database through a feeder terminal, and the feeder terminal represents an intelligent terminal device installed on the feeder of the power system for remote sensing communication with the distribution station; The signal sampling module is used to extract the electrical signal data in the data transmission process to obtain the fundamental signal, and at the same time, the obtained fundamental signal is used as the input of the sample holder and the fundamental signal is sampled sequentially. The signal extraction is used to separate the fundamental signal in the electrical signal data after filtering. The fundamental signal is used to reflect the periodic changes of the electrical signal data in the data transmission process within a preset time period. The holder is used to convert the continuous fundamental signal into a discrete digital signal. The sequential sampling is used to visualize the frequency change, amplitude change and phase change of the fundamental signal within a preset period; the emergency repair module is used to identify the fault type and fault location of the power system during operation according to the obtained abnormal load index, and optimize the ring network cabinet according to the ring wiring in the distribution network. The abnormal load index is an indicator of the abnormal degree of load in the power system within a preset time period. The fault types include phase-to-phase short circuit and single-phase grounding. The ring wiring represents the closed-loop wiring formed by the power supply and the load through the parallel feeder. The ring network cabinet is used to isolate the fault area where the fault location is located from the non-fault area and promptly restore the power supply of the power system in the non-fault area.

[0022] In this embodiment, the simplex line only allows power data to be transmitted in one direction, that is, power data can only flow from one endpoint to another and cannot flow in the opposite direction. In the power system, the simplex line monitoring module is mainly used for those scenarios where real-time requirements are not high and the power data flow is fixed. For example, some remote monitoring sites may only need to send status reports to the central station periodically without receiving instructions or data from the central station. At this time, the simplex line monitoring module can meet the needs and realize basic monitoring functions by regularly collecting power data and sending it to the monitoring center; the half-duplex line allows power data to be transmitted in two directions, but only one direction of power data can be transmitted at any time, that is, the two endpoints can send power data in turn, but not at the same time. In the power system, the half-duplex line monitoring module is suitable for those that require two-way communication. However, the real-time requirements are not very high. For example, in some distributed power monitoring systems, each node may need to send power data to the central station, and may also receive queries or control instructions from the central station. Full-duplex lines allow power data to be transmitted simultaneously in two directions, that is, two endpoints can send and receive power data at the same time. In the power system, the full-duplex line monitoring module is the most efficient communication method, which is particularly suitable for scenarios with extremely high real-time requirements. For example, in smart grids, in order to achieve precise control and rapid response of power equipment, a large amount of electrical signal data and control instructions need to be transmitted in real time. At this time, the full-duplex line monitoring module can ensure two-way high-speed transmission of data, improve the overall performance and response speed of the system, and at the same time, it can also support complex communication protocols and encryption mechanisms to ensure the security and reliability of data transmission.

[0023] Specifically, a sample-and-hold device (or analog-to-digital converter) is used to periodically sample the fundamental signal. The sampling frequency should be high enough, that is, the sampling frequency should be at least twice the highest frequency component of the signal to avoid aliasing. After each sampling, the sample-and-hold device will hold the sampled value for a period of time until the next sampling begins. The fundamental signal is continuously sampled at predetermined time intervals to obtain a series of discrete data points. The sampled data points are plotted into a time domain waveform diagram, a spectrum analysis diagram, and a phase diagram. The time domain waveform diagram is a diagram that plots the sampling values ​​of the signal changing over time on a two-dimensional coordinate system. The graph obtained usually has the horizontal axis representing time (t) and the vertical axis representing the amplitude (A) of the signal. This graph can intuitively display the waveform of the signal, the trend of amplitude changes over time, and the periodicity of the signal. By analyzing the time domain waveform graph, the basic form of the signal, such as sine wave, square wave, pulse wave, can be understood, and the quality and stability of the signal can be preliminarily judged; the spectrum analysis graph is a graph obtained by converting the signal from the time domain to the frequency domain through methods such as Fourier transform. It shows the energy distribution of the signal in different frequency components. The horizontal axis represents the frequency (f), and the vertical axis represents the amplitude spectrum or power spectrum of the signal. Frequency spectrum density, the spectrum analysis diagram can clearly show the frequency components and distribution of the fundamental signal, that is, at which frequencies the main energy of the signal is concentrated. At the same time, it can also reveal the harmonic components in the signal, that is, the energy distribution at integer multiples of the fundamental frequency. By analyzing the spectrum analysis diagram, the spectral characteristics of the signal, such as bandwidth, frequency components, and harmonic content, can be understood; the phase diagram is usually used to show the change of the phase information of the signal over time or frequency. In signal processing, the phase is a physical quantity that describes the offset of the signal waveform relative to a reference point (such as zero time or zero phase point). The phase diagram can be obtained by plotting the phase value of the signal on a two-dimensional coordinate system, where the horizontal axis represents time or frequency and the vertical axis represents phase (φ). The phase diagram can intuitively show the phase change trend of the signal, such as phase delay and phase jump; in summary, the periodic sampling of the fundamental signal by the sample-and-hold device ensures that the signal at each sampling point can be accurately captured and held during the high-speed sampling process, which can not only stabilize the rapidly changing input signal, reduce conversion noise, and support high-speed sampling, but also improve data processing efficiency, and realize the improvement of the accuracy of real-time acquisition of electrical signal data in power lines.

[0024] Furthermore, the specific process of acquiring electrical signal data is as follows: acquiring power data at the incoming end of the power system in real time through a signal sensor and converting the power data into analog signal data according to a conversion interface at the incoming end of the power system. The conversion interface is used for communication between the incoming end of the power system and the power line. The analog signal data represents the electrical characteristics of the incoming end of the power system. The electrical characteristics include voltage waveform, current amplitude and current phase; converting the preprocessed analog signal data into digital signal data through the conversion interface and transmitting it to the power line. At the same time, converting the digital signal data in the power line into electrical signal data through a fiber optic transceiver. The preprocessing includes data calibration and signal filtering. The digital signal data represents the coded data stored in binary form in the power line. The fiber optic transceiver uses optical fiber as the transmission medium for long-distance monitoring of digital signal data.

[0025] In this embodiment, electrical characteristics refer to various electrical properties exhibited by the power system during operation, which directly reflect the operating status and performance of the power system. In the power line, electrical characteristics generally include voltage waveform, current amplitude and current phase, wherein the voltage waveform refers to the shape of the voltage changing over time, which reflects the stability and fluctuation of the voltage; the current amplitude refers to the size of the current, which reflects the transmission capacity of the electric energy in the power system; the current phase refers to the phase difference between the current and the voltage, which reflects the transmission efficiency and power factor of the electric energy in the power system; the digital signal data converted by the conversion interface is transmitted through the power line, where the power line is not only used to transmit electric energy, but also as a transmission medium for digital signals to avoid signal interference; In order to carry out long-distance monitoring, digital signal data usually needs to be converted into electrical signal data through a fiber optic transceiver, and use optical fiber as the transmission medium. Fiber optic transceivers have high speed, long distance, low loss and strong anti-interference ability. By converting electrical signals (digital signals) into optical signals and transmitting them through optical fibers, at the receiving end, the fiber optic transceiver converts the optical signals back into electrical signals. Among them, optical fiber is used as a transmission medium, and the signal is transmitted inside the optical fiber by the principle of total reflection of light. Through fiber optic transceivers and optical fiber transmission, digital signal data in the power system can be monitored over long distances. At the same time, the monitoring center can receive and analyze digital signal data from power lines in real time, so as to grasp the operating status and performance of the power system, and improve the accuracy and rate of electrical signal data transmission.

[0026] Furthermore, data transmission is performed, and then the line transmission impact index is obtained according to the dynamic characteristics of the transmission line parameters. The specific steps include: collecting the voltage waveform of the power system in real time during operation through a phase sensor and obtaining the voltage phase difference according to the difference between the voltage value of the power line in a preset time period and the rated voltage value, and obtaining the voltage phase deviation rate in combination with the phase difference reference value set in the power system. The phase difference reference value represents the reference phase difference between two adjacent phases of the three-phase line, and the voltage phase deviation rate is used to measure the degree of deviation between the voltage phase difference and the phase difference reference value in a preset time period; collecting the current waveform of the power system in real time during operation through a current sensor and extracting the current harmonic amplitude of the current waveform according to the harmonic separation method, and obtaining the current harmonic rate in combination with the initial harmonic amplitude when the power system starts to operate in the preset time period, and obtaining the preset current harmonic correction rate from the preset database according to the change of the current harmonic in the preset time period. Factor, harmonic separation method is used to convert the time domain signal of the current waveform into a frequency domain signal to visualize the changing waveform of the current harmonic amplitude. The current harmonic amplitude includes the high-order harmonic amplitude and the low-order harmonic amplitude. The current harmonic rate is used to measure the deviation between the current harmonic amplitude and the initial harmonic amplitude within a preset time period; the total load loss of the power system during operation is collected in real time by a power sensor, and the load apparent power is obtained according to the voltage and current values ​​of the power line within a preset time period, and the load loss rate is obtained accordingly. At the same time, the line transmission influence index is obtained by combining the obtained voltage phase shift rate and current harmonic rate. The total load loss represents the wire loss of the power line in the power system within a preset time period, which usually includes resistance loss, inductance loss and capacitance loss. The load loss rate is used to measure the deviation between the total load loss and the load apparent power. The line transmission influence index is used to measure the influence of the transmission line parameters on the power line transmission process within a preset time period.

[0027] In this embodiment, the transmission line parameters include voltage phase, harmonic current and load loss; in an actual power system, the voltage phase deviation rate is usually calculated by comparing the difference between the actually measured voltage phase and a reference phase (such as a rated voltage phase or a grid synchronization phase). The specific acquisition method includes: using high-precision phase sensors to measure the phase information of the voltage in the power system in real time. These sensors can capture subtle changes in the voltage waveform, including phase changes, and then input the data collected by the phase sensor into a data processing system to obtain the difference between the actual phase and the reference phase (i.e., the voltage phase difference). Then, the voltage phase difference is compared with the reference phase to obtain the voltage phase deviation rate.

[0028] The current harmonic rate is usually calculated by analyzing the harmonic components in the current waveform. The specific acquisition method includes: using current sensors to collect current waveform data in the power system in real time. These data contain information about the fundamental current and harmonic current. By performing harmonic analysis on the collected current waveform data through Fourier transform, the amplitude and phase information of each harmonic can be extracted. According to the results of the harmonic analysis, the ratio of the total harmonic power (i.e., the current harmonic amplitude) to the fundamental power (i.e., the current harmonic rate) is obtained. This ratio reflects the proportion of harmonic components in the current waveform.

[0029] The load loss rate is usually calculated by measuring the total loss and apparent power of the load. The specific acquisition methods include: using power sensors to measure the total power (including active power and reactive power) and apparent power of the load in the power system in real time. These sensors can accurately capture the energy consumption of the load, and input the data collected by the power sensor into the data processing system to obtain the total loss of the load (that is, the loss part of the active power) and the apparent power. Then, according to the definition of the load loss rate (the ratio of the total load loss to the apparent power), the load loss rate is obtained. It should be noted that in the application scenarios of actual power lines, the measuring equipment needs to be calibrated and maintained regularly to ensure its long-term stable operation, so as to achieve more accurate acquisition of the line transmission impact index.

[0030] Furthermore, the line transmission impact index is calculated by the following formula: ; Where m is the number of the power line, , M is the total number of power lines, t is the number of the preset time period, , T is the total number of preset time periods, r is the number of current harmonics, , R is the total number of current harmonics, It represents the line transmission impact index of the power system in the t-th preset time period, represents the current harmonic rate of the current harmonic in the power line in the tth preset time period, represents the current harmonic correction factor, represents the load loss rate of the power system in the tth preset time period, It represents the voltage phase deviation rate of the power system in the tth preset time period.

[0031] In this embodiment, the line transmission impact index increases with the increase of the current harmonic rate, the load loss rate and the voltage phase shift rate. When the current harmonic rate increases, the corresponding current harmonic correction factor decreases. In addition to considering the influence of each variable on the dependent variable in the above formula, it is also necessary to consider the correlation between the variables in the formula. For example, the algorithm of this embodiment combines the current harmonic rate and the load loss rate factors, and comprehensively analyzes to obtain the dependent variable (i.e., the line transmission impact index). The current harmonics and load damage in this formula not only unilaterally affect the value of the line transmission impact index, but also have an indirect correlation between them. When the current harmonic rate increases, it not only directly affects the line transmission efficiency, but also can be changed by changing the load. The working state of the load indirectly affects the load loss rate, which in turn has a comprehensive effect on the line transmission impact index. For example, when there are higher harmonic components in the current, these harmonic currents will generate additional losses in the load (such as motors and transformers). These losses are usually dissipated in the form of heat energy, causing the load temperature to rise, which may cause load performance degradation, efficiency reduction, or even damage. At the same time, the increase in load loss will also change the impedance characteristics of the line, causing the load damage rate to change, further affecting the line transmission efficiency, indicating the synergistic effect between current harmonics and load losses; the impact of current harmonics in the power line on load damage is comprehensively considered, achieving a more accurate analysis of the impact of line transmission efficiency.

[0032] Specifically, to simplify the analysis, define , , , where represents the current harmonic coefficient of the current harmonic in the power line in the tth preset time period, represents the load loss coefficient of the power system in the tth preset time period, The statistical table of the changes in the voltage phase deviation coefficient of the power system in the t-th preset time period and the line transmission influence index is shown in Table 1: Table 1 Statistics of changes in line transmission impact index

[0033] It should be understood that when the current harmonic rate is equal to 0, that is, the deviation between the current harmonic amplitude and the initial harmonic amplitude within the preset time period is the smallest (that is, the current harmonic amplitude is equal to the initial harmonic amplitude), and at this time, there is no need to correct the deviation between the harmonic amplitude and the initial harmonic amplitude (that is, ), it should be noted that the current harmonic correction factor is obtained from a preset database. The current harmonic correction factor in the preset database can be obtained by fitting the relationship between the behavioral current harmonic coefficient and the line transmission influence index in the real-time operation of the power system according to a large amount of historical current harmonic data.

[0034] In a specific embodiment, the relationship between the current harmonic coefficient and the line transmission influence index is fitted by using the historical current harmonic deviation data and line transmission data in a preset database to obtain a fitting curve, the relationship between the current harmonic coefficient and the current harmonic correction factor is determined according to the fitting curve, and the real-time current harmonic coefficient is substituted into the fitting curve to obtain the corresponding current harmonic correction factor, thereby achieving improved accuracy and reliability in obtaining the line transmission influence index, and further achieving improved accuracy in real-time acquisition of electrical signal data in power lines, effectively solving the problem of low accuracy in real-time acquisition of electrical signal data in power lines in the prior art.

[0035] Furthermore, the specific acquisition process of the fundamental signal is as follows: remove the noise data in the electrical signal data and perform digital filtering processing to obtain the electrical signal, and at the same time amplify the acquired electrical signal. The digital filtering processing reduces the influence of high-frequency noise on the acquisition of the electrical signal within a preset time period through a bandpass filter. The electrical signal is used to reflect the shape information and phase information of the electrical signal data, and the amplification processing is used to digitize the phase information of the electrical signal within a preset period; the frequency of the electrical signal within the preset period is estimated to extract the fundamental frequency in the electrical signal, and at the same time, the fundamental signal is extracted using a bandpass filter and phase correction is performed. The frequency estimation is used to visualize the spectrum distribution of the electrical signal within the preset period. The fundamental frequency represents the frequency component with the largest amplitude change in the spectrum distribution, and the phase correction is used to adjust the phase angle of the fundamental signal in the spectrum distribution to ensure that the fundamental signal and the reference fundamental signal are on the same direction vector.

[0036] In this embodiment, due to the real-time updating characteristic of the electrical signal data, the Butterworth filter in the bandpass filter is selected for digital filtering processing of the electrical signal data, that is, the signal within a specific frequency range is allowed to pass through, while attenuating or blocking the signal of other frequencies, which helps to reduce the influence of high-frequency noise on the acquisition of electrical signals; the amplification processing is usually used to enhance certain characteristics of the electrical signal (such as the performance of the phase information within a preset period). However, in digital signal processing, directly "amplifying" the phase information is not intuitive, because the phase is a measure of the angle, and the visualization of the phase information is usually indirectly affected by amplifying the amplitude of the signal, and it is presented in the form of a chart; the electrical signal is Fourier transformed and converted from the time domain to the frequency domain, wherein the Fourier transform can automatically calculate the electrical signal. The amplitude and phase information of the signal in each frequency domain component are obtained. In the frequency domain, the electrical signal with the largest amplitude within a preset time period (i.e., the fundamental frequency) is found; the phase angle of the fundamental signal to be corrected is compared with the phase angle of the reference fundamental signal to obtain the phase difference between the two, and then the phase of the fundamental signal to be corrected is adjusted according to the phase difference. This is usually achieved by adding a phase offset to the signal, which is equal to the negative value of the phase difference. In digital signal processing, this can be achieved by multiplying the signal by a complex factor (the real part is 1, and the imaginary part is the sine or cosine value of the phase offset). After the phase adjustment is completed, the electrical signal in the adjusted frequency domain is inverse Fourier transformed and converted back to the time domain to obtain the corrected fundamental signal, thereby achieving more accurate acquisition of the basic signal.

[0037] Furthermore, the fundamental wave signal is sequentially sampled, and the method also includes synchronous sampling of the fundamental wave signal through a sample holder. The specific steps include: inputting the fundamental wave signal as a start signal into the sample holder according to the set sampling parameters and sampling trigger mode, and synchronously sampling the start signal in the sampling channel to obtain first sampling data, the sampling parameters include a reference sampling time and a reference sampling frequency, the start signal represents the fundamental wave signal in a state to be sampled, the synchronous sampling represents that the start signal in the sampling channel is sampled simultaneously under the same sampling trigger mode, and the first sampling data represents the instantaneous value of the start signal in the sampling channel within a preset sampling period; real-time acquisition of the synchronous sampling timestamp of the synchronous sampling within the preset sampling period and judgment whether the preset synchronous sampling timestamp is met, if so, the first sampling data is transmitted to a preset database through a full-duplex communication line in the sampling channel, otherwise the sample holder is optimized and synchronous sampling is re-performed until the preset synchronous sampling timestamp is met, the synchronous sampling timestamp represents the time difference between the start sampling time and the end sampling time of the start signal within the preset sampling period, and the full-duplex communication line is used for bidirectional transmission of the start signal within the preset sampling period.

[0038] In this embodiment, the preset synchronous sampling timestamp is usually obtained by summing and averaging the historical synchronous sampling time data in the preset database; the sampling trigger mode determines when to start sampling. For the scenario where the fundamental wave signal is used as the starting signal, the commonly used trigger mode is edge trigger, that is, it is triggered when the signal jumps from a low level to a high level (or vice versa). Since the fundamental wave signal is periodic, the peak of the fundamental wave signal of the basic signal within the preset sampling period can usually be selected as the trigger point according to the waveform characteristics of the fundamental wave signal. When the sample holder receives the start signal, it will immediately capture the value of the current fundamental wave signal and maintain this value until the next sampling starts. This ensures that even if the conversion time of the sample holder is long, the signal value at the triggering moment can be accurately recorded. When the fundamental wave signal meets the edge trigger condition, the sample holder is activated to synchronously sample the signal in the sampling channel. When the sample holder is activated At the moment of activation, the sample-and-hold device captures and holds this value as the first sampling data; the full-duplex communication line can efficiently transmit the start signal within the preset sampling period in both directions. Its high efficiency and real-time performance make full-duplex communication play an important role in various application scenarios. In the synchronous sampling process, two independent communication lines are usually used to transmit the fundamental signal. At the hardware level, this usually involves the design of the transmitter and receiver and the configuration of the communication line. At the software level, it is necessary to implement the corresponding communication protocol and data processing algorithm to ensure the correct transmission and analysis of the data, thereby improving the accuracy of synchronous sampling of the fundamental signal.

[0039] Furthermore, the specific steps of sequentially sampling the fundamental wave signal include: initializing the sample holder of the set conversion channel, and converting the fundamental wave signal through the initialized sample holder, the initialization is used to use the set sampling start time and sampling point number as the input end of the sample holder, and the conversion processing is used to convert the AC signal in the fundamental wave signal into a DC signal; the DC signal is input into the initialized sample holder for sequential sampling to obtain the second sampling data within a preset sampling period, and the sampling offset rate of the sampling channel during the sequential sampling process is recorded in real time, the sequential sampling is used to sample the DC signal in sequence according to the set sampling start time and sampling point number, the second sampling data represents the instantaneous value of the DC signal in the sampling channel within the preset period, and the sampling offset rate is used to measure the degree of deviation between the sampling channel and the preset sampling path during the synchronous sampling and sequential sampling processes within the preset sampling period.

[0040] In this embodiment, the specific steps of initializing the sample holder with the set conversion channel are: determining the starting time point of sampling according to the signal system in the sample holder, setting the number of samples to be collected within the preset sampling period (i.e., the number of sampling points) according to the actual sampling requirements, and combining the synchronization signal and the sequential signal in the signal system as the input of the sample holder, so that the sample holder arranges its internal sampling timing and storage logic according to the sampling path planned in the sample holder; in the power system, the fundamental wave signal is usually an alternating current (AC) signal, but in the signal sampling application of the power system, it is usually necessary to convert these AC signals into direct current (DC) signals. However, it should be noted that the sample holder itself does not directly perform the AC to DC conversion, that is, simulate this process in the digital domain, firstly perform full-wave rectification on the sampled data (i.e., the second sampled data) (converting negative values ​​into positive values), and then filter out the high-frequency component through a digital filter (such as a low-pass filter) to obtain the DC component (i.e., the conversion of the AC signal into the DC signal is realized), which is mainly used to capture the signal value at the sampling moment and hold the value until the next sampling, thereby improving the accuracy of the basic signal sequence sampling.

[0041] Further, the sampling offset rate is obtained by the following method: combining the fundamental frequency in the fundamental signal to record the sequential sampling timestamp and conversion processing timestamp of the sampling channel in a preset sampling period in real time, and monitoring the operation status of the sampling channel in real time according to the start signal and DC signal after vector conversion, thereby obtaining the sampling offset rate, the sequential sampling timestamp represents the difference between the start sampling time and the end sampling time of the DC signal in the preset sampling period, the conversion processing timestamp represents the time difference of the sample holder converting the fundamental signal, the sampling offset rate represents the sum of the synchronous sampling offset rate and the sequential sampling offset rate, the synchronous sampling offset rate is used to measure the degree of offset between the synchronous sampling channel and the preset sampling path during the synchronous sampling process within the preset sampling period, and the sequential sampling offset rate is used to measure the degree of offset between the sequential sampling channel and the preset sampling path during the sequential sampling process within the preset sampling period; the sampling offset rate is calculated by the following formula: ; ; ; In the formula, x is the number of the fundamental signal, , J is the total number of fundamental signals, v is the number of the preset sampling period, , W is the total number of preset sampling periods, It represents the sampling deviation rate of the xth fundamental signal in the vth preset sampling period. It represents the synchronous sampling offset rate of the xth fundamental signal in the vth preset sampling period, It represents the sequential sampling offset rate of the xth fundamental signal in the vth preset sampling period, e is a natural constant, Indicates the synchronous sampling timestamp of the xth fundamental signal in the vth preset sampling period, Indicates the preset synchronous sampling timestamp, represents the first sampling data of the xth fundamental wave signal in the vth preset sampling period, Indicates the reference first sampling data, Represents the start signal vector of the xth fundamental signal in the vth preset sampling period, represents the reference start signal vector, represents the second sampling data of the xth fundamental wave signal in the vth preset sampling period, Indicates reference to the second sampling data, Represents the DC signal vector of the xth fundamental signal in the vth preset sampling period, represents the reference DC signal vector, represents the basic frequency of the xth fundamental signal in the vth preset sampling period, N represents the number of sequential sampling channels, Indicates the sequential sampling timestamp of the xth fundamental signal in the vth preset sampling period, Indicates the conversion processing timestamp of the xth fundamental wave signal in the vth preset sampling period.

[0042] In this embodiment, the timestamp record is initialized by defining the basic parameters of the power line, that is, a data table is created to store the timestamp of each sampling point and the conversion processing timestamp, wherein the basic parameters of the power line include the reference fundamental frequency (50HZ), the sampling rate (the number of samples per second), the sampling period (the inverse of the sampling rate, that is, the time interval between each sampling) and the preset sampling period (the time interval set according to the actual sampling requirements, such as one second or several minutes), and the synchronous sampling timestamp and the sequential sampling timestamp are obtained by recording the start time and the end time of the synchronous sampling and the sequential sampling in the preset sampling period in real time; in actual application, the time difference between the actual sampling moment and the preset sampling moment of each synchronous sampling channel and the sequential sampling channel is recorded in real time, and the corresponding synchronous sampling offset rate and sequential sampling offset rate are obtained by comparing with the preset sampling period; when the synchronous sampling offset rate and the sequential sampling offset rate are both equal to 0, the offset degree between the sampling channel and the preset sampling path during the synchronous sampling and sequential sampling process in the preset sampling period is the smallest.

[0043] It should be understood that the algorithm of this embodiment combines the synchronous sampling offset rate and the sequential sampling offset rate factors, and comprehensively analyzes to obtain the dependent variable (i.e., the sampling offset rate). The second sampling data and the first sampling data in this formula not only unilaterally affect the value of the sampling offset rate, but also have an indirect correlation. When the synchronous sampling and the sequential sampling are performed simultaneously at a certain time interval within the preset sampling period, due to the sharing of sampling resources (such as the sample holder, the data transmission channel), it usually causes a slight fluctuation or delay in the sampling rate, which in turn affects the precise position of the sampling point. For example, in the signal sampling process of the power line, when the sampling of the voltage and the current occurs close to or simultaneously at a certain moment, due to the sampling The switching time of the converter in the sample holder and the delay of data transmission cause the sampling points of voltage and current to shift relative to the ideal time point. This shift depends not only on the inherent characteristics of each sampling mode (such as the trigger accuracy of synchronous sampling and the timing control of sequential sampling), but also on the interaction between the two, indicating the synergy between synchronous sampling and sequential sampling. The influence of the position offset of the second sampling data and the first sampling data itself is comprehensively considered to improve the efficiency and accuracy of sampling offset rate acquisition, thereby improving the accuracy of real-time acquisition of electrical signal data in power lines, and effectively solving the problem of low accuracy of real-time acquisition of electrical signal data in power lines in the prior art.

[0044] Furthermore, the step of obtaining the abnormal load index is: real-time collection of the first load data of the high-voltage power line during operation within a unit time and comparison with the set first load threshold to obtain the first abnormal load data, and thereby obtain the first abnormal load rate, the high-voltage power line represents a power line whose voltage exceeds 10KV during operation, the first load data is used to reflect the load change of the high-voltage power line during operation in real time, the first load threshold represents the maximum load borne by the high-voltage power line during operation, and the first abnormal load rate is used to measure the proportion of the first abnormal load data in the first load data; real-time collection of the first load data of the high-voltage power line within a unit time and within adjacent unit times to obtain the first load data deviation and combine the first load data reference deviation to obtain the first load deviation coefficient, the first load data deviation is used to measure the deviation between the first load data within a unit time and the first load data within adjacent unit times, and the first load deviation coefficient represents the ratio of the first load data deviation to the first load data reference deviation; real-time collection of the low-voltage power line within a unit time The second load data during operation is compared with the set second load threshold to obtain the second abnormal load data, and the second abnormal load rate is obtained accordingly. The low-voltage power line represents a power line whose voltage does not exceed 10KV during operation. The second load data is used to reflect the load change of the low-voltage power line during operation in real time. The second load threshold represents the maximum load borne by the low-voltage power line during operation. The second abnormal load rate is used to measure the proportion of the second abnormal load data in the second load data; the second load data of the low-voltage power line in unit time and adjacent unit time are collected in real time to obtain the second load data deviation and combine the second load data reference deviation to obtain the second load deviation coefficient. The second load data deviation is used to measure the deviation between the second load data in unit time and the second load data in adjacent unit time. The second load deviation coefficient represents the ratio of the second load data deviation to the second load data reference deviation; the abnormal load index is obtained by combining the obtained first abnormal load rate, first load deviation coefficient, second abnormal load rate and second load deviation coefficient.

[0045] In this embodiment, the first load threshold and the second load threshold are usually obtained by summing and averaging the power line load data in a preset database and setting them according to preset personnel; in high-voltage power lines, the load changes of the high-voltage lines in the power lines are monitored in real time within a unit time to obtain high-voltage load data, i.e., first load data, and the first abnormal load data represents the first load data that exceeds the first load threshold within a unit time, thereby obtaining the first abnormal load rate, wherein the first abnormal load rate represents the ratio of the number of first load data that exceeds the first load threshold to the total number of first load data; the load changes of the high-voltage lines in the power lines are monitored in real time within adjacent unit times to obtain the second high-voltage load data, thereby obtaining the first load data deviation and the first load deviation coefficient, wherein the second high-voltage load data represents the first load data within adjacent unit times, the first load data deviation represents the difference between the second high-voltage load data and the high-voltage load data, and the first load deviation coefficient represents The ratio of the number of second high-voltage load data to the total number of first load data; similarly, in a low-voltage power line, real-time monitoring of the load changes of the low-voltage line in the power line within a unit time is performed to obtain low-voltage load data, i.e., second load data, and the second abnormal load data represents the second load data that exceeds the second load threshold within a unit time, thereby obtaining the second abnormal load rate, wherein the second abnormal load rate represents the ratio of the number of second load data that exceeds the second load threshold to the total number of second load data; real-time monitoring of the load changes of the low-voltage line in the power line within adjacent unit times is performed to obtain the second low-voltage load data, thereby obtaining the second load data deviation and the second load deviation coefficient, wherein the second low-voltage load data represents the second load data within adjacent unit times, the second load data deviation represents the difference between the second low-voltage load data and the low-voltage load data, and the second load deviation coefficient represents the ratio of the number of second low-voltage load data to the total number of second load data.

[0046] Specifically, the abnormal load index is calculated by the following formula: ; In the formula, d is the number of the unit time period, , D is the total number of unit time periods, g1 is the number of high-voltage power lines, , G1 is the total number of high-voltage power lines, d1 is the number of low-voltage power lines, , U1 is the total number of low-voltage power lines, represents the abnormal load index of the power system in the dth unit time period, Indicates the first The first abnormal load rate of the high-voltage power line in the dth unit time period, represents the first abnormal reference load rate, Indicates the first abnormal load rate reference deviation, Indicates the first The first load deviation coefficient of the high-voltage power line in the dth unit time period, Indicates the first The second abnormal load rate of the low-voltage power line in the dth unit time period, represents the second abnormal reference load rate, Indicates the second abnormal load rate reference deviation, Indicates the first The second load deviation coefficient of a low-voltage power line in the dth unit time period.

[0047] Specifically, to simplify the analysis, define , , where Indicates the first The high-voltage line load factor of the high-voltage power line in the dth unit time period, Indicates the first The low-voltage line load factor of a low-voltage power line in the d-th unit time period, wherein the first abnormal reference load rate is usually represented by the difference between the result of summing and averaging the high-voltage line load data in the preset database and the first abnormal reference load rate; the second abnormal reference load rate is usually represented by the difference between the result of summing and averaging the low-voltage line load data in the preset database and the second abnormal reference load rate.

[0048] like Figure 2 As shown in FIG. 1 , a three-dimensional coordinate analysis diagram of the abnormal load index provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown. It can be seen from the figure that the abnormal load index decreases with the increase of the high-voltage line load factor and the low-voltage line load factor, and the high-voltage line load factor has a greater influence on the abnormal load index. 0 and When the abnormal load index is equal to 0, the abnormal load degree of the power system is minimal within the preset time period, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the abnormal load index, and further improving the accuracy of real-time acquisition of electrical signal data in the power line, effectively solving the problem of low accuracy of real-time acquisition of electrical signal data in the power line in the prior art.

[0049] Further, such as Figure 3As shown, it is a structural schematic diagram of an emergency repair module in a high and low voltage power monitoring system provided in an embodiment of the present application, the emergency repair module includes a fault identification unit, a ring network cabinet optimization unit and an emergency repair unit; the fault identification unit: is used to identify the fault location according to the abnormal load index and the topological structure of the power system and in combination with the fluctuation of the current and voltage of the power system during operation, and the fault location indicates the corresponding position of the fault type in the power line on the feeder in the ring network cabinet within a preset time period; the ring network cabinet optimization unit: is used to isolate the fault area and non-fault area in the ring network cabinet, and at the same time adjust the ring wiring in the ring network cabinet according to the fault degree of the fault type in the fault area, and the fault area indicates the area where the fault location is located within the preset time period; the emergency repair unit: is used to extract the fault information in the fault area and take corresponding emergency repair measures to prevent the fault in the fault area from spreading to the non-fault area, and the fault information is used to reflect the occurrence time, duration and impact range of the fault within the preset time period.

[0050] In this embodiment, under the normal operation of the power system, the topological structure of the power grid should remain consistent. However, once a fault occurs on a branch line, this consistency will no longer be satisfied. By monitoring the fluctuations in current and voltage, it can be determined whether a branch fault has occurred in the power line of the power system. Among them, voltage sags and large fluctuations in current are often direct manifestations of faults. By real-time monitoring of the duration of the voltage sag, the depth of the sag and the amplitude of the current fluctuation, the type and location of the fault can be identified; in emergency repair applications of power systems, ring network cabinets usually use circuit breakers instead of load switches, among which circuit breakers have stronger breaking capacity and higher safety, and can cut off the circuit more quickly when a fault occurs. When a fault is detected, the ring network cabinet will automatically control the circuit breaker to isolate the fault area from the non-fault area. After isolating the fault area, the ring network cabinet will switch the load in the non-fault area to other normally operating power sources according to the preset power switching strategy; in order to ensure the power supply stability of the non-fault area In order to ensure the safety and security of the power supply, the system will also redistribute and optimize the power supply according to the load conditions, including: reconstructing the ring wiring according to the type and degree of the fault, which usually includes reconfiguring the switchgear and adjusting the feeder connection path and nodes, where the purpose of wiring reconstruction is to restore the reliability and stability of power supply while reducing the impact of the fault on the power system; if the power supply in the faulty area cannot be restored quickly, you can consider connecting to the backup power supply, which can be the feeder, generator set or energy storage device of other substations; using the sensors installed on the ring main unit to monitor and extract the fault information in the faulty area in real time, and transmit the occurrence time, duration and impact range of the fault within the preset time period to the ring main unit monitoring center, and quickly operate the relevant equipment of the ring main unit to isolate the faulty area on the premise of ensuring safety, so as to prevent the fault current and voltage from continuing to spread to the non-faulty area, where the relevant equipment usually includes cutting off the faulty line and closing the circuit breaker, thereby improving the stability and safety of the power system operation.

[0051] To summarize, the embodiment of the present application monitors the electrical signal data during the operation of the power system in real time and transmits data through the communication lines in the power system, and at the same time extracts the electrical signal data during the data transmission to obtain the fundamental signal and performs sequential sampling, and finally identifies the fault type and fault location of the power system during operation according to the acquired abnormal load index, thereby achieving more accurate sampling of the fundamental signal, and further achieving improved accuracy in real-time acquisition of electrical signal data in the power line, effectively solving the problem of low accuracy in real-time acquisition of electrical signal data in the power line in the prior art.

[0052] It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0053] The present invention is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of systems, devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of processes and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0054] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture including an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0055] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0056] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make other changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0057] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A high and low voltage power monitoring system, characterized in that: include: Electrical signal data acquisition module, communication line monitoring module, signal sampling module and emergency repair module; The electric signal data acquisition module is used to collect the electric power data of the incoming line end of the electric power system in real time within a preset time period and perform electric signal processing to obtain electric signal data, and the electric signal data is used to reflect the operating status of the electric power system within the preset time period; The communication line monitoring module is used to monitor the electrical signal data in the operation process of the power system in real time and transmit data according to the communication lines in the power system; The signal sampling module is used to extract the electrical signal data in the data transmission process to obtain the fundamental wave signal, and at the same time use the obtained fundamental wave signal as the input of the sample holder and sequentially sample the fundamental wave signal, and the fundamental wave signal is used to reflect the periodic change of the electrical signal data in the data transmission process within a preset time period; The emergency repair module is used to identify the fault type and fault location of the power system during operation according to the acquired abnormal load index, and optimize the ring network cabinet according to the ring connection in the distribution network. The abnormal load index is an indicator of the degree of load abnormality of the power system within a preset time period.

2. A high and low voltage power monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The specific process of obtaining the electrical signal data is as follows: Acquire power data of the power system incoming line end in real time through a signal sensor and convert the power data into analog signal data according to a conversion interface of the power system incoming line end, wherein the analog signal data represents electrical characteristics of the power system incoming line end; The preprocessed analog signal data is converted into digital signal data through a conversion interface and transmitted to the power line. At the same time, the digital signal data in the power line is converted into electrical signal data through an optical fiber transceiver.

3. A high and low voltage power monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The data transmission further includes obtaining a line transmission influence index according to the dynamic characteristics of the transmission line parameters, and the specific steps include: The voltage waveform of the power system during operation is collected in real time by the phase sensor, and the voltage phase difference is obtained according to the difference between the voltage value of the power line in a preset time period and the rated voltage value, and the voltage phase deviation rate is obtained by combining the phase difference reference value set in the power system; The current waveform of the power system during operation is collected in real time by a current sensor, and the current harmonic amplitude of the current waveform is extracted according to the harmonic separation method. At the same time, the current harmonic rate is obtained in combination with the initial harmonic amplitude when the power system starts to operate within a preset time period. According to the change of the current harmonic within the preset time period, a preset current harmonic correction factor is obtained from a preset database; The total load loss of the power system during operation is collected in real time through power sensors, and the apparent power of the load is obtained according to the voltage and current values ​​of the power line in a preset time period. The load loss rate is obtained based on this, and the line transmission impact index is obtained by combining the obtained voltage phase shift rate and current harmonic rate. The line transmission impact index is used to measure the influence of the transmission line parameters on the power line transmission process within a preset time period.

4. A high and low voltage power monitoring system as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The line transmission impact index is calculated by the following formula: ； Where m is the number of the power line, , M is the total number of power lines, t is the number of the preset time period, , T is the total number of preset time periods, r is the number of current harmonics, , R is the total number of current harmonics, It represents the line transmission impact index of the power system in the t-th preset time period, represents the current harmonic rate of the current harmonic in the power system in the tth preset time period, represents the current harmonic correction factor, represents the load loss rate of the power system in the tth preset time period, It represents the voltage phase deviation rate of the power system in the tth preset time period.

5. A high and low voltage power monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The specific acquisition process of the fundamental wave signal is as follows: Removing noise data from the electrical signal data and performing digital filtering processing to obtain an electrical signal, while amplifying the obtained electrical signal, wherein the electrical signal is used to reflect shape information and phase information of the electrical signal data; The frequency of the electrical signal within a preset period is estimated to extract the fundamental frequency in the electrical signal, and a bandpass filter is used to extract the fundamental signal and perform phase correction. The frequency estimation is used to visualize the spectrum distribution of the electrical signal within the preset period.

6. A high and low voltage power monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The sequential sampling of the fundamental wave signal also includes synchronous sampling of the fundamental wave signal by a sample holder, and the specific steps include: According to the set sampling parameters and sampling trigger mode, the fundamental wave signal is input as the start signal into the sample holder, and the start signal in the sampling channel is synchronously sampled to obtain the first sampling data, wherein the first sampling data represents the instantaneous value of the start signal in the sampling channel within the preset sampling period; The synchronous sampling timestamp of synchronous sampling within a preset sampling period is obtained in real time and it is determined whether the preset synchronous sampling timestamp is met. If so, the first sampling data is transmitted to a preset database according to the full-duplex communication line in the sampling channel. Otherwise, the sample holder is optimized and synchronous sampling is performed again until the preset synchronous sampling timestamp is met. The synchronous sampling timestamp represents the time difference between the start sampling time and the end sampling time of the start signal within the preset sampling period.

7. A high and low voltage power monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of sequentially sampling the fundamental wave signal include: Initializing the sample holder of the set conversion channel, and performing conversion processing on the fundamental wave signal through the initialized sample holder, wherein the conversion processing is used to convert the AC signal in the fundamental wave signal into a DC signal; The DC signal is input into the initialized sample holder for sequential sampling to obtain second sampling data within a preset sampling period, and the sampling offset rate of the sampling channel during the sequential sampling process is recorded in real time. The second sampling data represents the instantaneous value of the DC signal in the sampling channel within the preset period. The sampling offset rate is used to measure the degree of deviation between the sampling channel and the preset sampling path during synchronous sampling and sequential sampling within the preset sampling period.

8. A high and low voltage power monitoring system as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The sampling offset rate is obtained by the following method: The sequential sampling timestamps and conversion processing timestamps of the sampling channels within a preset sampling period are recorded in real time in combination with the fundamental frequency in the fundamental signal, and the operation status of the sampling channels is monitored in real time according to the start signal and the DC signal after the vector conversion, and the sampling offset rate is obtained accordingly, wherein the sampling offset rate represents the sum of the synchronous sampling offset rate and the sequential sampling offset rate; The sampling offset rate is calculated by the following formula: ； ； ； In the formula, x is the number of the fundamental signal, , J is the total number of fundamental signals, v is the number of the preset sampling period, , W is the total number of preset sampling periods, It represents the sampling deviation rate of the xth fundamental signal in the vth preset sampling period. It represents the synchronous sampling offset rate of the xth fundamental signal in the vth preset sampling period, It represents the sequential sampling offset rate of the xth fundamental signal in the vth preset sampling period, e is a natural constant, Indicates the synchronous sampling timestamp of the xth fundamental signal in the vth preset sampling period, Indicates the preset synchronous sampling timestamp, represents the first sampling data of the xth fundamental wave signal in the vth preset sampling period, Indicates the reference first sampling data, Represents the start signal vector of the xth fundamental signal in the vth preset sampling period, represents the reference start signal vector, represents the second sampling data of the xth fundamental wave signal in the vth preset sampling period, Indicates reference to the second sampling data, Represents the DC signal vector of the xth fundamental signal in the vth preset sampling period, represents the reference DC signal vector, represents the basic frequency of the xth fundamental signal in the vth preset sampling period, N represents the number of sequential sampling channels, Indicates the sequential sampling timestamp of the xth fundamental signal in the vth preset sampling period, Indicates the conversion processing timestamp of the xth fundamental wave signal in the vth preset sampling period.

9. A high and low voltage power monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The steps for obtaining the abnormal load index are: Collect first load data of the high-voltage power line during operation in unit time in real time and compare it with a set first load threshold to obtain first abnormal load data, and obtain a first abnormal load rate accordingly, wherein the first load data is used to reflect the load change of the high-voltage power line during operation in real time, and the first abnormal load rate is used to measure the proportion of the first abnormal load data in the first load data; Collecting first load data of the high-voltage power line in unit time and adjacent unit time in real time to obtain first load data deviation and combining the first load data reference deviation to obtain a first load deviation coefficient; The second load data of the low-voltage power line in the operation process within a unit time is collected in real time and compared with the set second load threshold to obtain the second abnormal load data, and the second abnormal load rate is obtained accordingly. The second load data is used to reflect the load change of the low-voltage power line in the operation process in real time. The second abnormal load rate is used to measure the proportion of the second abnormal load data in the second load data; Collecting the second load data of the low-voltage power line in unit time and adjacent unit time in real time to obtain the second load data deviation and combining the second load data reference deviation to obtain the second load deviation coefficient; The abnormal load index is obtained by combining the acquired first abnormal load rate, the first load deviation coefficient, the second abnormal load rate and the second load deviation coefficient.

10. A high and low voltage power monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The emergency repair module includes a fault identification unit, a ring main unit optimization unit and an emergency repair unit; The fault identification unit is used to identify the fault location according to the abnormal load index and the topological structure of the power system and the fluctuation of the current and voltage during the operation of the power system; The ring main unit optimization unit is used to isolate the fault area and non-fault area in the ring main unit, and adjust the ring wiring in the ring main unit according to the fault type and fault degree in the fault area; The emergency repair unit is used to extract fault information in the fault area and take corresponding emergency repair measures to prevent the fault in the fault area from spreading to the non-fault area.

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