Photovoltaic module water cooling system and method

Abstract

The present application discloses a photovoltaic module water cooling system and method, including: obtaining daily environmental forecast data of the region where multiple photovoltaic modules are located; determining multiple historical environmental data with a similarity greater than a preset similarity to the environmental forecast data; obtaining multiple historical power generation curves of multiple historical dates corresponding to the multiple historical environmental data; determining at least one water supply start node and at least one water supply end node according to multiple historical power generation curves, temperature forecast curves and the water supply duration of the system; sending a first control signal to a first control valve and a second control signal to a water pump at the water supply start node; and sending a third control signal to the first control valve and a fourth control signal to a water pump at the water supply end node. The present application can improve the timeliness and intelligence of water cooling of photovoltaic modules and increase the power generation of photovoltaic modules.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of photovoltaic modules, and in particular to a photovoltaic module water cooling system and method. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic modules have a negative temperature coefficient. When exposed to sunlight, the conversion of light energy into electrical energy will cause the temperature of the photovoltaic modules to rise sharply. When the temperature rises, the power generation of solar photovoltaic modules will decrease as the temperature rises, which will lead to a decrease in the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic modules. Therefore, when the daily solar irradiance is the highest, the temperature is also high, which causes the photovoltaic modules to be unable to maintain efficient power generation during the period of best irradiance. Cooling the photovoltaic modules can increase the power generation of photovoltaic modules.

[0003] There are two main methods for cooling photovoltaic modules: air cooling and water cooling. Among them, the effect of air cooling is usually not as good as water cooling, and it is more dependent on environmental conditions such as wind force and wind speed, and cannot be generally applied. In addition, it usually generates noise and affects the environment. The existing water cooling method mainly adds a cooling device on the back of the photovoltaic module so that cold water can flow through the back of the photovoltaic module for cooling. It is usually necessary to manually control the supply of cold water during high temperature periods, and it is often impossible to water-cool the photovoltaic module in time, and the cold water supply cannot be stopped in time, resulting in waste of water resources or damage to the photovoltaic module. It is difficult to meet the automated and intelligent water cooling needs of photovoltaic modules. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application provides a photovoltaic module water cooling system and method, which obtains daily environmental forecast data of the area where multiple photovoltaic modules are located, and then determines multiple historical environmental data with a similarity greater than a preset similarity to the environmental forecast data; then, obtains multiple historical power generation curves of multiple historical dates corresponding to the multiple historical environmental data; then, determines at least one water supply start node and at least one water supply end node according to the multiple historical power generation curves, the temperature forecast curve and the water supply duration of the system; finally, sends a first control signal to the first control valve and a second control signal to the water pump at the water supply start node; and sends a third control signal to the first control valve and a fourth control signal to the water pump at the water supply end node. Thus, the water supply start node and the water supply end node are intelligently determined, so that the first control valve and the water pump are controlled to open at the water supply start node to realize the cold water tank to supply water to the cavities of multiple photovoltaic modules, and the first control valve and the water pump are controlled to close at the water supply end node to realize the cold water tank to stop supplying water, which is conducive to improving the timeliness and intelligence of water cooling of photovoltaic modules and improving the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic modules.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a photovoltaic module water cooling system, the photovoltaic module water cooling system comprising a plurality of photovoltaic modules, a water pump, a first control valve, a cold water storage tank and a main control unit, the back of each photovoltaic module is a back plate glass, and an edge sealing assembly is fixed to the back of each photovoltaic module, the upper layer of the edge sealing assembly is fixed on the back plate glass, and the lower layer of the edge sealing assembly is fixed on the rear plate glass, a cavity is formed between the back plate glass and the rear plate glass, the edge sealing assembly comprises a water inlet and a water outlet, wherein a plurality of the water inlets and a plurality of the water outlets are respectively connected to a unified confluence water inlet and a confluence water outlet, the first control valve is respectively connected to the water pump and the confluence water inlet, the water pump is connected to the cold water storage tank, and the first control valve and the water pump are respectively connected to the main control unit; wherein,

[0006] The main control unit is used to obtain daily environmental forecast data of the area where the multiple photovoltaic modules are located, the environmental forecast data including a temperature forecast curve; and, determine multiple historical environmental data whose similarity to the environmental forecast data is greater than a preset similarity; and, obtain multiple historical power generation curves of multiple historical dates corresponding to the multiple historical environmental data, the historical power generation curves being used to characterize the change of the power generation of the photovoltaic modules with the ambient temperature on the historical date; and, determine at least one water supply start node and at least one water supply end node based on the multiple historical power generation curves, the temperature forecast curve and the water supply duration of the system, the water supply The start node is the time node when the cold water storage tank starts to supply water to the cavities of the multiple photovoltaic modules, and the water supply end node is the time node when the cold water storage tank stops supplying water to the cavities of the multiple photovoltaic modules; and, at the water supply start node, a first control signal is sent to the first control valve and a second control signal is sent to the water pump; and, at the water supply end node, a third control signal is sent to the first control valve and a fourth control signal is sent to the water pump, the first control signal and the third control signal are respectively used to control the first control valve to open and close, and the second control signal and the fourth control signal are respectively used to control the water pump to start and stop;

[0007] The first control valve is used to open according to the first control signal so that the confluence water inlet is connected to the cold water storage tank; and is used to close according to the third control signal so that the confluence water inlet is not connected to the cold water storage tank;

[0008] The water pump is used to start according to the second control signal so that the cold water in the cold water storage tank flows into the cavities of the multiple photovoltaic components; and is used to stop according to the fourth control signal so that the cold water in the cold water storage tank stops flowing into the cavities of the multiple photovoltaic components.

[0009] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a photovoltaic module water cooling method, which is applied to a photovoltaic module water cooling system, wherein the photovoltaic module water cooling system includes multiple photovoltaic modules, a water pump, a first control valve, a cold water storage tank and a main control unit, the back of each photovoltaic module is a back plate glass, and an edge sealing component is fixed to the back of each photovoltaic module, the upper layer of the edge sealing component is fixed on the back plate glass, and the lower layer of the edge sealing component is fixed on the rear plate glass, and a cavity is formed between the back plate glass and the rear plate glass, and the edge sealing component includes a water inlet and a water outlet, wherein multiple water inlets and multiple water outlets are respectively connected to a unified confluence water inlet and confluence water outlet, the first control valve is respectively connected to the water pump and the confluence water inlet, the water pump is connected to the cold water storage tank, and the first control valve and the water pump are respectively connected to the main control unit; the method includes:

[0010] Acquire daily environmental forecast data for the region where the plurality of photovoltaic modules are located, the environmental forecast data including a temperature forecast curve;

[0011] Determining a plurality of historical environmental data having a similarity with the environmental prediction data greater than a preset similarity;

[0012] Acquire a plurality of historical power generation curves of a plurality of historical dates corresponding to the plurality of historical environmental data, wherein the historical power generation curves are used to characterize changes in the power generation of the photovoltaic module with the ambient temperature on the historical dates;

[0013] Determine at least one water supply start node and at least one water supply end node according to the multiple historical power generation curves, the temperature prediction curve and the water supply duration of the system, wherein the water supply start node is a time node when the cold water storage tank starts to supply water to the cavities of the multiple photovoltaic modules, and the water supply end node is a time node when the cold water storage tank stops supplying water to the cavities of the multiple photovoltaic modules;

[0014] At the water supply start node, a first control signal is sent to the first control valve and a second control signal is sent to the water pump; and at the water supply end node, a third control signal is sent to the first control valve and a fourth control signal is sent to the water pump, the first control signal and the third control signal are respectively used to control the first control valve to open and close, and the second control signal and the fourth control signal are respectively used to control the water pump to start and stop.

[0015] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, comprising a processor, a memory, and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, and the program includes instructions for executing the steps in the second aspect of the embodiment of the present application.

[0016] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program / instruction stored thereon, and the computer program / instruction is executed by a processor to implement the steps of the method described in the second aspect above.

[0017] It can be seen that in the embodiment of the present application, the photovoltaic module water cooling system obtains the daily environmental forecast data of the area where the multiple photovoltaic modules are located, and then determines multiple historical environmental data with a similarity greater than the preset similarity to the environmental forecast data; then, obtains multiple historical power generation curves of multiple historical dates corresponding to the multiple historical environmental data; then, determines at least one water supply start node and at least one water supply end node according to the multiple historical power generation curves, the temperature forecast curve and the water supply duration of the system; finally, at the water supply start node, respectively sends a first control signal to the first control valve and a second control signal to the water pump; and, at the water supply end node, respectively sends a third control signal to the first control valve and a fourth control signal to the water pump. Since the present application can determine the daily water supply start node and water supply end node in advance according to the historical power generation curve, the temperature forecast curve and the water supply duration of the system, compared with the existing photovoltaic module water cooling scheme that manually supplies water at high temperatures, it can improve the timeliness and automation of water cooling of photovoltaic modules and improve the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic modules. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a cross section of a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a working scene diagram of a photovoltaic module water cooling system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 4This is a flow chart of the steps of a photovoltaic module water cooling method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a power generation curve of a photovoltaic module before and after water cooling provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a structural block diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0026] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but optionally includes steps or units that are not listed, or optionally includes other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0027] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0028] In the embodiments of the present application, "and / or" describes the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can represent the following three situations: A exists alone; A and B exist at the same time; B exists alone. Among them, A and B can be singular or plural.

[0029] In the embodiment of the present application, the symbol " / " can indicate that the objects associated with each other are in an "or" relationship. In addition, the symbol " / " can also indicate a division sign, that is, performing a division operation. For example, A / B can indicate A divided by B.

[0030] In the embodiments of the present application, "equal to" can be used in conjunction with greater than, and is applicable to the technical solution adopted when greater than, and can also be used in conjunction with less than, and is applicable to the technical solution adopted when less than. When equal to is used in conjunction with greater than, it is not used in conjunction with less than; when equal to is used in conjunction with less than, it is not used in conjunction with greater than.

[0031] Currently, the existing water cooling solutions for photovoltaic modules mainly rely on manual control of the supply and stop of cold water before and after the high temperature period. It is often impossible to provide water cooling for photovoltaic modules in time, and the cold water supply cannot be stopped in time, resulting in waste of water resources or damage to photovoltaic modules. As a result, the water cooling of photovoltaic modules is more complicated, and the cold water supply cannot be accurately controlled during the high temperature period, making it difficult to meet the automated and intelligent water cooling needs of photovoltaic modules.

[0032] In view of the above problems, an embodiment of the present application provides a photovoltaic module water cooling system and method, and the embodiment of the present application is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a cross section of a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 1 As shown, the photovoltaic component cross section includes a photovoltaic component cross section and an edge sealing component cross section.

[0034] Among them, the front side of the photovoltaic module is a front plate glass, and the back side is a back plate glass. A first packaging film, a solar cell sheet, and a second packaging film are packaged in sequence from top to bottom between the front plate glass and the back plate glass. The front plate glass and the back plate glass are sealed and fixed around with butyl adhesive.

[0035] Wherein, an edge sealing assembly is fixed on the back plate glass of the photovoltaic assembly, the upper layer of the edge sealing assembly is fixed on the back plate glass, the lower layer of the edge sealing assembly is fixed on the rear plate glass, and a cavity is formed between the back plate glass and the rear plate glass.

[0036] Specifically, photovoltaic modules can be crystalline silicon photovoltaics, thin-film photovoltaics, and perovskite photovoltaics; the front glass, back glass, and rear glass are usually made of tempered glass or anti-reflective glass to protect the solar cells from the external environment; the first packaging film and the second packaging film are generally made of POE (polyolefin elastomer) film, which has excellent flexibility, light transmittance, adhesion, and weather resistance; the edge sealing components include but are not limited to fixing the upper layer on the back glass and the lower layer on the rear glass by fixing clips or bonding with adhesives.

[0037] Specifically, the edge sealing assembly includes four components, namely, a first component, a second component, a third component and a fourth component, which are connected end to end in sequence. The first component, the second component, the third component and the fourth component are cubic components. The widths of the first component, the second component, the third component and the fourth component are preset widths. The heights of the first component, the second component, the third component and the fourth component are preset heights. The length of the edge sealing assembly is the same as the length of the back panel glass, and the width of the edge sealing assembly is the same as the width of the back panel glass.

[0038] Exemplarily, the widths of the first component, the second component, the third component and the fourth component are preset widths, which may be 15-40 mm; the heights of the first component, the second component, the third component and the fourth component are preset heights, which may be 8-30 mm.

[0039] It can be seen that in this embodiment, by fixing an edge sealing assembly on the back of the photovoltaic module, a cavity is formed between the back panel glass and the rear panel glass of the photovoltaic module, and a water inlet and a water outlet are arranged at the diagonal position of the edge sealing assembly, and the water inlets and water outlets between multiple photovoltaic modules are connected by cold water pipes, so that cold water can be input into the cavities of multiple photovoltaic modules through the cold water pipes, thereby realizing water cooling of the photovoltaic modules during high temperature periods and improving power generation efficiency.

[0040] See also Figure 2 , Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 2 As shown, the schematic diagram of the composition structure of the photovoltaic component is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the photovoltaic component.

[0041] The structure of the photovoltaic module mainly includes two parts, the first part is the photovoltaic module body, and the second part is the edge sealing component, which is fixed on the back of the photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic module can be crystalline silicon photovoltaic, thin film photovoltaic, perovskite photovoltaic, and the photovoltaic module is closely placed from the front to the back, including the front glass, the first packaging film, the solar cell, the second packaging film, and the back glass; the upper layer of the edge sealing component is fixed on the back glass, and the lower layer of the edge sealing component is fixed on the back glass, and a cavity is formed between the back glass and the back glass.

[0042] Among them, the side of the solar cell also includes a junction box, which is mainly used for current collection and output. There will be metal wires inside the junction box connected to the positive and negative poles of the solar cell to collect the current generated by the cell, and there will be cable output terminals outside the junction box to output the current to the external circuit; the junction box is also used for electrical connection. There will be electronic components such as diodes inside the junction box to achieve series and parallel connections between photovoltaic modules. These electrical connections are conducive to improving the power generation performance and safety of the photovoltaic system.

[0043] Among them, the front glass and the back glass are sealed and fixed on all sides by butyl adhesive; the front glass, back glass and rear glass are usually made of tempered glass or anti-reflective glass to protect the solar cells from the influence of the external environment; the first packaging film and the second packaging film are generally made of POE (polyolefin elastomer) film, which has excellent flexibility, light transmittance, adhesion and weather resistance; the edge sealing components include but are not limited to fixing the upper layer on the back glass and the lower layer on the rear glass by fixing buckles or bonding with adhesives.

[0044] In a possible embodiment, the edge sealing component includes four first components, second components, third components and fourth components connected end to end in sequence, the first components, second components, third components and fourth components are cubic components, the widths of the first components, second components, third components and fourth components are preset widths, the heights of the first components, second components, third components and fourth components are preset heights, the length of the edge sealing component is the same as the length of the back plate glass, the width of the edge sealing component is the same as the width of the back plate glass, wherein,

[0045] The second component includes a water inlet, and the fourth component includes a water outlet. The water inlet is at a preset distance from the first end of the second component, and the water outlet is at the preset distance from the first end of the fourth component. The water inlet and the water outlet are respectively located at a set of diagonal corners of the edge sealing component;

[0046] The multiple water inlets and the multiple water outlets between the multiple edge sealing components of the multiple photovoltaic components are connected through cold water pipes.

[0047] Exemplarily, the widths of the first component, the second component, the third component and the fourth component are preset widths, which may be 15-40 mm; the heights of the first component, the second component, the third component and the fourth component are preset heights, which may be 8-30 mm.

[0048] Among them, the water inlet and water outlet of the cavity of each edge sealing component can remain hollow, or can be connected by a cold water pipe. The cold water pipe is evenly arranged inside the cavity, so that the cold water can be dispersed in the cavity when flowing in the pipe, which is conducive to controlling the flow rate and increasing the flow rate during periods of excessively high temperature. The heated water flows out quickly and the cold water flows in, which has an obvious cooling effect and improves the heat exchange efficiency.

[0049] Exemplarily, the positions of the water inlet and outlet of the cavity of each edge sealing component on the edge sealing component can be pre-fixed or changed through electric real-time regulation. For example, the edge sealing component can be composed of a plurality of water inlet and outlet components with fully automatic switches arranged closely together, each water inlet and outlet component including a fully automatic inlet and outlet valve, and a controllable movable interface is arranged on the outside of the edge sealing component, the movable interface is connected to the cold water pipe, and the movable interface slides on the edge sealing component through a slide rail. When the movable interface moves to a water inlet and outlet component on the edge sealing component, the fully automatic inlet and outlet valve of the water inlet and outlet component opens and connects with the movable interface, thereby realizing the introduction of water flow, and then the position of the water inlet and outlet can be fully automatically controlled.

[0050] It can be seen that in the present embodiment, in the composition structure of the photovoltaic module, an edge sealing assembly is fixed on the back of the photovoltaic module, so that a cavity is formed between the back panel glass and the rear panel glass of the photovoltaic module, and by arranging a water inlet and a water outlet at the diagonal positions of the opposite sides of the edge sealing assembly, cold water can flow into the cavity from the water inlet and flow out of the cavity from the water outlet, thereby achieving the goal of introducing cold water into the back cavity of the photovoltaic module during high temperature periods to cool the photovoltaic module and increase the power generation capacity of the photovoltaic module.

[0051] See also Figure 3 , Figure 3 is a working scene diagram of a photovoltaic module water cooling system provided in an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 3 As shown, the photovoltaic module water cooling system includes a plurality of photovoltaic modules arranged in series-parallel combination.

[0052] In a possible embodiment, the photovoltaic module water cooling system includes multiple photovoltaic modules, a water pump, a first control valve, a cold water storage tank and a main control unit, the back of each photovoltaic module is a back panel glass, and an edge sealing component is fixed to the back of each photovoltaic module, the upper layer of the edge sealing component is fixed on the back panel glass, and the lower layer of the edge sealing component is fixed on the rear panel glass, and a cavity is formed between the back panel glass and the rear panel glass, and the edge sealing component includes a water inlet and a water outlet, wherein multiple water inlets and multiple water outlets are respectively connected to a unified confluence inlet and confluence outlet, the first control valve is respectively connected to the water pump and the confluence inlet, the water pump is connected to the cold water storage tank, and the first control valve and the water pump are respectively connected to the main control unit; wherein,

[0053] The main control unit is used to obtain daily environmental forecast data of the area where the multiple photovoltaic modules are located, the environmental forecast data including a temperature forecast curve; and, determine multiple historical environmental data whose similarity to the environmental forecast data is greater than a preset similarity; and, obtain multiple historical power generation curves of multiple historical dates corresponding to the multiple historical environmental data, the historical power generation curves being used to characterize the change of the power generation of the photovoltaic modules with the ambient temperature on the historical date; and, determine at least one water supply start node and at least one water supply end node based on the multiple historical power generation curves, the temperature forecast curve and the water supply duration of the system, the water supply The start node is the time node when the cold water storage tank starts to supply water to the cavities of the multiple photovoltaic modules, and the water supply end node is the time node when the cold water storage tank stops supplying water to the cavities of the multiple photovoltaic modules; and, at the water supply start node, a first control signal is sent to the first control valve and a second control signal is sent to the water pump; and, at the water supply end node, a third control signal is sent to the first control valve and a fourth control signal is sent to the water pump, the first control signal and the third control signal are respectively used to control the first control valve to open and close, and the second control signal and the fourth control signal are respectively used to control the water pump to start and stop;

[0054] The first control valve is used to open according to the first control signal so that the confluence water inlet is connected to the cold water storage tank; and is used to close according to the third control signal so that the confluence water inlet is not connected to the cold water storage tank;

[0055] The water pump is used to start according to the second control signal so that the cold water in the cold water storage tank flows into the cavities of the multiple photovoltaic components; and is used to stop according to the fourth control signal so that the cold water in the cold water storage tank stops flowing into the cavities of the multiple photovoltaic components.

[0056] In a possible embodiment, the edge sealing component includes four first components, second components, third components and fourth components connected end to end in sequence, the first components, second components, third components and fourth components are cubic components, the widths of the first components, second components, third components and fourth components are preset widths, the heights of the first components, second components, third components and fourth components are preset heights, the length of the edge sealing component is the same as the length of the back plate glass, the width of the edge sealing component is the same as the width of the back plate glass, wherein,

[0057] The second component includes a water inlet, and the fourth component includes a water outlet. The water inlet is at a preset distance from the first end of the second component, and the water outlet is at the preset distance from the first end of the fourth component. The water inlet and the water outlet are respectively located at a set of diagonal corners of the edge sealing component;

[0058] The multiple water inlets and the multiple water outlets between the multiple edge sealing components of the multiple photovoltaic components are connected through cold water pipes.

[0059] The arrangement of the plurality of photovoltaic modules may be N rows of photovoltaic modules arranged in parallel, each row including M photovoltaic modules connected in series. Specifically, the water inlet of the first photovoltaic module in each row of the N rows of photovoltaic modules enters a unified confluence water inlet, and the water outlet of the last photovoltaic module in each row is connected to a unified confluence water outlet; the water inlets and water outlets of two adjacent photovoltaic modules in each row of the M photovoltaic modules are connected through a cold water pipe.

[0060] In a possible embodiment, the system further includes a heat storage tank and a second control valve, the heat storage tank is connected to the confluence outlet and the second control valve respectively, the heat storage tank is used to store hot water discharged from the cavities of the plurality of photovoltaic modules, the second control valve is connected to the hot water pipeline, and the second control valve is connected to the main control unit, wherein,

[0061] The second control valve is used to receive a fifth control signal from the main control unit, and to open according to the fifth control signal, so that the hot water in the heat storage tank can be discharged through the hot water pipe;

[0062] The main control unit is further used to generate the fifth control signal according to the user's hot water usage demand, and send the fifth control signal to the second control valve.

[0063] Among them, the heat storage tank and the confluence outlet are always kept in a connected state. When the cold water storage tank starts to supply water to the cavities of multiple photovoltaic modules in the system, cold water continues to flow from the cold water storage tank through the cavities of multiple photovoltaic modules, and the generated hot water continuously flows into the heat storage tank; when the cold water storage tank stops supplying water to the cavities of multiple photovoltaic modules, the remaining hot water inside the multiple cavities is continuously discharged into the heat storage tank until the remaining hot water inside the multiple cavities is completely discharged.

[0064] It can be understood that the second control valve of the heat storage tank is usually in a closed state. Only when the main control unit receives the user's demand for hot water can it generate a control signal based on the hot water demand and send the control signal to the second control valve, so that the second control valve opens and the hot water in the heat storage tank can flow out through the hot water pipe for production and life.

[0065] It can be seen that in this embodiment, when solar radiation energy is incident on the surface of the photovoltaic module, 10% to 20% of the energy will be reflected back, 15% to 25% of the energy will be absorbed by the photovoltaic cells and converted into electrical energy, and 55% to 75% of the energy will be mainly dissipated in the form of heat if no other measures are taken. However, in this embodiment, when the system supplies cold water to multiple photovoltaic modules during high temperature periods, water flows through the back of the module and does not affect the photovoltaic module's absorption of natural light. However, in a natural environment, when the photovoltaic module heats up under the sun, it can be absorbed by the water, reducing the module temperature, which can effectively alleviate the problem of reduced power generation of the photovoltaic module due to increased temperature.

[0066] See also Figure 4 , Figure 4 is a flow chart of the steps of a photovoltaic module water cooling method provided in an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 4 As shown, the method comprises the following steps:

[0067] Step S410, obtaining daily environmental prediction data of the area where the plurality of photovoltaic modules are located, the environmental prediction data including a temperature prediction curve.

[0068] Specifically, daily environmental forecast data for areas where multiple photovoltaic modules are located can be obtained by real-time access to meteorological bureaus, meteorological service companies, satellite remote sensing data providers or other meteorological data platforms.

[0069] Step S420, determining a plurality of historical environmental data having a similarity with the environmental prediction data greater than a preset similarity.

[0070] The environmental prediction data also includes average humidity, average wind force and wind direction prediction curves, wherein the wind direction prediction curve is used to characterize the predicted change of the wind direction over time on the day.

[0071] In a possible embodiment, the method of determining a plurality of historical environmental data having a similarity with the environmental prediction data greater than a preset similarity includes:

[0072] Acquire a plurality of historical environmental data corresponding to a plurality of historical dates in a historical database, wherein the historical environmental data include historical average humidity, historical average wind speed, historical wind direction curve, and historical temperature curve;

[0073] The following processing is performed for each of the historical environmental data to obtain a plurality of similarities between the plurality of historical environmental data and the environmental prediction data, wherein the plurality of historical environmental data and the similarities correspond one to one:

[0074] Determine a first similarity according to a first difference between the historical average humidity in the historical environmental data currently being processed and the average humidity, and determine a second similarity according to a second difference between the historical average wind force in the historical environmental data and the average wind force, wherein the first similarity is negatively correlated with the magnitude of the first difference, and the second similarity is negatively correlated with the magnitude of the second difference;

[0075] Determining a third similarity between the historical wind direction curve and the wind direction prediction curve, and determining a fourth similarity between the historical temperature curve and the temperature prediction curve;

[0076] performing weighted summation of the first similarity, the second similarity, the third similarity and the fourth similarity according to a first preset weight, a second preset weight, a third preset weight and a fourth preset weight to obtain a similarity between the currently processed historical environment data and the environment prediction data;

[0077] A plurality of historical environment data having the similarity greater than the preset similarity is determined.

[0078] The historical environmental data is environmental data corresponding to the actual weather conditions on multiple historical dates. Specifically, the historical environmental data can be obtained by calling a meteorological bureau, a meteorological service company, a satellite remote sensing data provider or other meteorological data platform; and the real environmental data on multiple historical dates can be recorded by a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a wind force and wind direction monitoring device, and the historical environmental data can be stored in a database.

[0079] In a possible embodiment, the first similarity is determined based on a first difference between the historical average humidity in the historical environmental data currently being processed and the average humidity, and the second similarity is determined based on a second difference between the historical average wind force in the historical environmental data and the average wind force. Specifically, the corresponding relationship between the first difference and the first similarity is pre-set, and the corresponding relationship between the second difference and the second similarity is pre-set. For example, a plurality of first difference intervals are set, each of which corresponds to a first similarity, and the corresponding first similarity is obtained by judging to which interval the currently obtained first difference belongs; and a plurality of second difference intervals are set, each of which corresponds to a second similarity, and the corresponding second similarity is obtained by judging to which interval the currently obtained second difference belongs.

[0080] In a possible embodiment, a third similarity between the historical wind direction curve and the wind direction prediction curve is determined, and a fourth similarity between the historical temperature curve and the temperature prediction curve is determined. Specifically, the third similarity and the fourth similarity can be obtained by calculating the Pearson correlation coefficient, Euclidean distance, dynamic time warping, cosine similarity or curve fitting between the curves.

[0081] Specifically, the method of calculating the Pearson Correlation Coefficient refers to calculating the linear correlation between the data points of two curves, and determining the similarity between the curves according to the magnitude of the linear correlation value, with a value range of [-1, 1], 1 indicating a complete positive correlation, 0 indicating no correlation, and -1 indicating a complete negative correlation; and, the method of calculating the Euclidean Distance refers to calculating the Euclidean distance between the corresponding data points of the two curves, the smaller the distance value, the more similar the two curves are; and, the method of Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) is used to process time series data, and can handle the situation where the time axis is inconsistent, by calculating the minimum distance between the two curves, the smaller the value, the more similar they are; and, the method of Cosine Similarity refers to calculating the cosine value between the two curve vectors, with a value range of [0, 1], 1 indicating complete similarity, and 0 indicating complete dissimilarity; and, the method of curve fitting refers to fitting two curves with a mathematical function, and comparing the difference in fitting parameters, the smaller the difference in parameters, the more similar the two curves are.

[0082] It is understandable that since temperature has a greater impact on the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic components than other environmental data such as humidity, wind force, wind direction, etc., the fourth preset weight value is usually greater than the first preset weight value, the second preset weight value and the third preset weight value.

[0083] Step S430, obtaining a plurality of historical power generation curves of a plurality of historical dates corresponding to the plurality of historical environmental data, wherein the historical power generation curves are used to characterize changes in the power generation of the photovoltaic module with the ambient temperature on the historical dates.

[0084] Specifically, the historical power generation curve can be obtained by aligning the time axes of the power generation-time curve and the temperature-time curve, integrating the curves, and obtaining the ambient temperature corresponding to the power generation at the same time node, thereby obtaining a historical power generation curve of the power generation of the photovoltaic module as the ambient temperature changes; and, it can also be directly obtained from the power generation model based on the real-time temperature and real-time power generation of the day.

[0085] Step S440, determining at least one water supply start node and at least one water supply end node according to the multiple historical power generation curves, the temperature prediction curve and the water supply duration of the system, the water supply start node is the time node when the cold water storage tank starts to supply water to the cavities of the multiple photovoltaic components, and the water supply end node is the time node when the cold water storage tank stops supplying water to the cavities of the multiple photovoltaic components.

[0086] In a possible embodiment, determining at least one water supply start node and at least one water supply end node according to the multiple historical power generation curves, the temperature prediction curve, and the water supply duration of the system includes:

[0087] Determine the historical maximum temperature corresponding to the photovoltaic assembly according to the multiple historical power generation curves, wherein the historical maximum temperature refers to the ambient temperature when the power generation of the photovoltaic assembly reaches a peak value and begins to decrease;

[0088] Determine at least one high temperature prediction period according to the temperature prediction curve and the historical highest temperature, the high temperature prediction period being a period in the temperature prediction curve in which the temperature is greater than the historical highest temperature;

[0089] The at least one water supply start node is determined according to the start node of the at least one high temperature prediction period and the water supply duration of the system; and the at least one water supply end node is determined according to the end node of the at least one high temperature prediction period.

[0090] When it is detected that the maximum temperature in the temperature prediction curve is less than or equal to the historical highest temperature, it is determined that there is no high temperature prediction period on that day, so there is no need to supply cold water to the back cavities of multiple photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic module water cooling system on that day.

[0091] In a possible embodiment, determining the at least one water supply start node according to the start node of the at least one high temperature prediction period and the water supply duration of the system; and determining the at least one water supply end node according to the end node of the at least one high temperature prediction period includes:

[0092] Determine a starting node of each high temperature prediction period in the at least one high temperature prediction period, and obtain at least one starting node corresponding to the at least one high temperature prediction period one by one;

[0093] Obtaining the water supply time required for the system to supply water to all cavities of the plurality of photovoltaic modules;

[0094] Determine the at least one water supply start node according to the difference between the at least one start node and the water supply duration;

[0095] An end node of the at least one high temperature prediction period is determined as the at least one water supply end node.

[0096] Exemplarily, the high temperature prediction period of the day can be 11:30-14:00, then the starting node of the high temperature prediction period is 11:30, and the ending node of the high temperature prediction period is 14:00; the predicted temperature during this period is greater than the historical highest temperature, and the water supply time refers to the time from the time when the first control valve of the cold water tank is opened and the water pump starts to supply water to the cavities of multiple photovoltaic modules until the cold water flows through the last photovoltaic module of the multiple photovoltaic modules. The water supply time can be 40 minutes, then the water supply start node is determined to be 10:50, and the water supply end node is determined to be 14:00.

[0097] In a possible embodiment, determining the historical maximum temperature corresponding to the photovoltaic component according to the multiple historical power generation curves includes:

[0098] Determine a reference temperature value when the power generation power of the photovoltaic module in each of the multiple historical power generation curves reaches a peak and begins to decline, and obtain multiple reference temperature values ​​corresponding to the multiple historical power generation curves one by one;

[0099] The historical maximum temperature is obtained according to an average value of the multiple reference temperature values.

[0100] Exemplarily, the maximum ambient temperature of the photovoltaic module, that is, the reference temperature value is usually between 25°C and 30°C. When the ambient temperature gradually rises to the reference temperature value, the power generation power of the photovoltaic module gradually increases. When the ambient temperature exceeds the reference temperature value and continues to increase, the power generation power of the photovoltaic module reaches a maximum value and decreases as the temperature continues to rise.

[0101] Exemplarily, when there are 5 historical power generation curves, the reference temperature values ​​corresponding to each historical power generation curve may be 27°C, 26.8°C, 30°C, 29°C and 29.2°C respectively, then the historical highest temperature is the average value of the five reference temperature values ​​28.4°C.

[0102] It can be seen that in this embodiment, by determining multiple historical environmental data with a high degree of similarity to the environmental prediction data of the day, multiple historical power generation curves are obtained. According to the multiple historical power generation curves, the historical maximum temperature of the photovoltaic module can be obtained, and then the high temperature prediction period of the day is determined, so as to determine the water supply start node and the water supply end node according to the high temperature prediction period and the water supply duration, so that the water supply system can automatically complete the water supply before the period with strong light and complete the automatic drainage afterwards, thereby preventing the problem of water resource waste or reduced power generation due to water supply too early or too late, which is beneficial to improving the timeliness of water supply and improving the energy utilization rate of photovoltaic modules.

[0103] Step S450, sending a first control signal to the first control valve and a second control signal to the water pump at the water supply start node; and sending a third control signal to the first control valve and a fourth control signal to the water pump at the water supply end node, the first control signal and the third control signal are respectively used to control the first control valve to open and close, and the second control signal and the fourth control signal are respectively used to control the water pump to start and stop.

[0104] It can be understood that at the water supply start node, the cold water storage tank needs to supply cold water to the cavities on the back of multiple photovoltaic modules, the first control valve is opened and the water pump starts to operate, so that cold water can flow through the back cavities of all photovoltaic modules before reaching the high temperature period, so as to cool down in time when the high temperature period arrives, improve the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic modules during the high temperature period, and at the same time, the discharged hot water flows into the heat storage tank to realize water circulation; and, at the water supply end node, that is, the end node of the high temperature period, the cold water storage tank stops supplying cold water, the first control valve is closed and the water pump stops operating, waiting for the hot water inside the cavity to be gradually discharged into the heat storage tank, thereby realizing the cessation of cold water supply during the non-high temperature period, avoiding the problem of water flowing in the cavity for a long time, causing photovoltaic module failure, and untimely water circulation.

[0105] See also Figure 5 , Figure 5 is a power generation curve of a photovoltaic module before and after water cooling provided by an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 5 As shown, the power generation curve includes a power generation curve before the photovoltaic module is water-cooled and a power generation curve after the photovoltaic module is water-cooled.

[0106] The horizontal axis of the coordinate axis corresponding to the curve represents time, and the vertical axis represents power, that is, the power generation of multiple photovoltaic modules. The power generation curves are curves of the power generation of photovoltaic modules over time in some periods of a day, and the partial periods are 7:00-19:00, a total of 12 hours. The environment and weather conditions of a day with water cooling and a day without water cooling are more similar.

[0107] Among them, the gray curve refers to the curve of the change of power generation over time in this part of the time period when the photovoltaic module is not supplied with cold water for cooling; the black curve refers to the curve of the change of power generation over time when the photovoltaic module continues to be supplied with cold water for cooling in the said part of the time period.

[0108] Among them, the power generation curve of the photovoltaic module after water cooling is higher than the power generation curve of the photovoltaic module before water cooling. Specifically, in the period of 9:00-13:30, the ambient temperature gradually rises, and the power generation of the photovoltaic module shows an overall upward trend. However, due to the influence of high temperature on the power generation of the photovoltaic module, the power generation of the photovoltaic module that undergoes water cooling is greater than the power generation of the photovoltaic module that does not undergo water cooling, which means that water cooling can effectively reduce the power generation of the photovoltaic module during high temperature periods; and, in 7:00-9:00 and 13:30-19:00, due to the low ambient temperature, the power generation curve of the photovoltaic module has a high overlap, which means that whether water cooling is performed during non-high temperature periods has little effect on the power generation of the photovoltaic module.

[0109] It is understandable that water cooling of photovoltaic modules during high temperature periods can effectively increase the power generation capacity of photovoltaic modules, while water cooling of photovoltaic modules during non-high temperature periods has little effect on increasing the power generation capacity. Therefore, based on this conclusion, a water cooling method for photovoltaic modules provided in an embodiment of the present application can be further developed, that is, cold water is only supplied and stopped before and after high temperature periods, so that water cooling can be accurately controlled during the high temperature period of each day, avoiding the waste of water resources and damage to photovoltaic modules caused by supplying cold water during non-high temperature periods.

[0110] See also Figure 6 , Figure 6 is a structural block diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 6 As shown, the electronic device 600 may include one or more of the following components: a processor 610, and a memory 620 coupled to the processor 610, wherein the memory 620 may store one or more computer programs, and the one or more computer programs may be configured to implement the methods described in the above embodiments when executed by one or more processors 610.

[0111] The processor 610 may include one or more processing cores. The processor 610 uses various interfaces and lines to connect various parts of the entire electronic device 600, and executes various functions and processes data of the electronic device 600 by running or executing instructions, programs, code sets or instruction sets stored in the memory 620, and calling data stored in the memory 620. Optionally, the processor 610 can be implemented in at least one hardware form of digital signal processing (DSP), field-programmable gate array (FPGA), and programmable logic array (PLA). The processor 610 can integrate one or a combination of a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), and a modem. Among them, the CPU mainly processes the operating system, user interface, and application programs; the GPU is responsible for rendering and drawing display content; and the modem is used to process wireless communications. It can be understood that the above-mentioned modem may not be integrated into the processor 610, but may be implemented separately through a communication chip.

[0112] The memory 620 may include a random access memory (RAM) or a read-only memory (ROM). The memory 620 may be used to store instructions, programs, codes, code sets or instruction sets. The memory 620 may include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store instructions for implementing an operating system, instructions for implementing at least one function (such as a touch function, a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.), instructions for implementing the above-mentioned various method embodiments, etc. The data storage area may also store data created by the electronic device 600 during use, etc.

[0113] It is understandable that the electronic device 600 may include more or fewer structural elements than those in the above structural block diagram, for example, including a power module, physical buttons, a Wi-Fi module, a speaker, a Bluetooth module, a sensor, etc., which are not limited here.

[0114] In addition, an embodiment of the present application also provides a computer storage medium, which stores a computer program that can be loaded by a processor and executed such as the above-mentioned water cooling method for photovoltaic modules. The computer-readable storage medium includes, for example: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other media that can store program codes.

[0115] It should be noted that, for the aforementioned method embodiments, for the sake of simplicity, they are all expressed as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should be aware that the present application is not limited by the described order of actions, because according to the present application, certain steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also be aware that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required by the present application.

[0116] In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed methods, devices and systems can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic; for example, the division of the units is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation; for example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of this embodiment. In addition, the functional units in various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into a processing unit, or each unit can be physically included separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated units can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of hardware plus software functional units.

[0117] The above-mentioned integrated unit implemented in the form of a software functional unit can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The above-mentioned software functional unit is stored in a storage medium, including a number of instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform some steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory. Among them, the non-volatile memory can be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM) or a flash memory. The volatile memory can be a random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example but not limitation, many forms of random access memory (RAM) are available, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDRSDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM) and direct memory bus random access memory (DRRAM), etc., various media that can store program code.

[0118] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0119] The embodiments of the present application are introduced in detail above. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the present application. At the same time, for general technical personnel in this field, according to the idea of ​​the present application, there will be changes in the specific implementation method and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0120] Although the present application is disclosed as above, the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and can make various changes and modifications, including the combination of the above-mentioned different functions and implementation steps, including software and hardware implementation methods, all of which are within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module water cooling system, characterized in that: The photovoltaic module water cooling system includes multiple photovoltaic modules, a water pump, a first control valve, a cold water storage tank and a main control unit, the back of each photovoltaic module is a back plate glass, and a sealing assembly is fixed on the back of each photovoltaic module, the upper layer of the sealing assembly is fixed on the back plate glass, and the lower layer of the sealing assembly is fixed on the rear plate glass, and a cavity is formed between the back plate glass and the rear plate glass, and the sealing assembly includes a water inlet and a water outlet, wherein multiple water inlets and multiple water outlets are respectively connected to a unified confluence inlet and confluence outlet, the first control valve is respectively connected to the water pump and the confluence inlet, the water pump is connected to the cold water storage tank, and the first control valve and the water pump are respectively connected to the main control unit; wherein, The main control unit is used to obtain daily environmental forecast data of the area where the multiple photovoltaic modules are located, the environmental forecast data including a temperature forecast curve; and, determine multiple historical environmental data whose similarity to the environmental forecast data is greater than a preset similarity; and, obtain multiple historical power generation curves of multiple historical dates corresponding to the multiple historical environmental data, the historical power generation curves being used to characterize the change of the power generation of the photovoltaic modules with the ambient temperature on the historical date; and, determine at least one water supply start node and at least one water supply end node based on the multiple historical power generation curves, the temperature forecast curve and the water supply duration of the system, the water supply The start node is the time node when the cold water storage tank starts to supply water to the cavities of the multiple photovoltaic modules, and the water supply end node is the time node when the cold water storage tank stops supplying water to the cavities of the multiple photovoltaic modules; and, at the water supply start node, a first control signal is sent to the first control valve and a second control signal is sent to the water pump; and, at the water supply end node, a third control signal is sent to the first control valve and a fourth control signal is sent to the water pump, the first control signal and the third control signal are respectively used to control the first control valve to open and close, and the second control signal and the fourth control signal are respectively used to control the water pump to start and stop; The first control valve is used to open according to the first control signal so that the confluence water inlet is connected to the cold water storage tank; and is used to close according to the third control signal so that the confluence water inlet is not connected to the cold water storage tank; The water pump is used to start according to the second control signal so that the cold water in the cold water storage tank flows into the cavities of the multiple photovoltaic components; and is used to stop according to the fourth control signal so that the cold water in the cold water storage tank stops flowing into the cavities of the multiple photovoltaic components.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The edge sealing component includes four first components, second components, third components and fourth components connected end to end in sequence, the first components, second components, third components and fourth components are cubic components, the widths of the first components, second components, third components and fourth components are preset widths, the heights of the first components, second components, third components and fourth components are preset heights, the length of the edge sealing component is the same as the length of the back plate glass, and the width of the edge sealing component is the same as the width of the back plate glass, wherein, The second component includes a water inlet, and the fourth component includes a water outlet. The water inlet is at a preset distance from the first end of the second component, and the water outlet is at the preset distance from the first end of the fourth component. The water inlet and the water outlet are respectively located at a set of diagonal corners of the edge sealing component; The multiple water inlets and the multiple water outlets between the multiple edge sealing components of the multiple photovoltaic components are connected through cold water pipes.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The system further includes a heat storage tank and a second control valve, wherein the heat storage tank is connected to the confluence outlet and the second control valve respectively, the heat storage tank is used to store hot water discharged from the cavities of the plurality of photovoltaic modules, the second control valve is connected to the hot water pipeline, and the second control valve is connected to the main control unit, wherein: The second control valve is used to receive a fifth control signal from the main control unit, and to open according to the fifth control signal, so that the hot water in the heat storage tank can be discharged through the hot water pipe; The main control unit is further used to generate the fifth control signal according to the user's hot water usage demand, and send the fifth control signal to the second control valve.

4. A method for cooling photovoltaic modules by water, characterized in that: Applied to the photovoltaic module water cooling system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the method comprises: Acquire daily environmental forecast data of the region where the plurality of photovoltaic modules are located, the environmental forecast data including a temperature forecast curve; Determining a plurality of historical environmental data having a similarity with the environmental prediction data greater than a preset similarity; Acquire a plurality of historical power generation curves of a plurality of historical dates corresponding to the plurality of historical environmental data, wherein the historical power generation curves are used to characterize changes in the power generation of the photovoltaic module with the ambient temperature on the historical dates; Determine at least one water supply start node and at least one water supply end node according to the multiple historical power generation curves, the temperature prediction curve and the water supply duration of the system, wherein the water supply start node is a time node when the cold water storage tank starts to supply water to the cavities of the multiple photovoltaic modules, and the water supply end node is a time node when the cold water storage tank stops supplying water to the cavities of the multiple photovoltaic modules; At the water supply start node, a first control signal is sent to the first control valve and a second control signal is sent to the water pump; and at the water supply end node, a third control signal is sent to the first control valve and a fourth control signal is sent to the water pump, the first control signal and the third control signal are respectively used to control the first control valve to open and close, and the second control signal and the fourth control signal are respectively used to control the water pump to start and stop.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The determining at least one water supply start node and at least one water supply end node according to the multiple historical power generation curves, the temperature prediction curve and the water supply duration of the system comprises: Determine the historical maximum temperature corresponding to the photovoltaic assembly according to the multiple historical power generation curves, wherein the historical maximum temperature refers to the ambient temperature when the power generation of the photovoltaic assembly reaches a peak value and begins to decrease; Determine at least one high temperature prediction period according to the temperature prediction curve and the historical highest temperature, the high temperature prediction period being a period in the temperature prediction curve in which the temperature is greater than the historical highest temperature; The at least one water supply start node is determined according to the start node of the at least one high temperature prediction period and the water supply duration of the system; and the at least one water supply end node is determined according to the end node of the at least one high temperature prediction period.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that Determining the at least one water supply start node according to the start node of the at least one high temperature prediction period and the water supply duration of the system; And, determining the at least one water supply end node according to the end node of the at least one high temperature prediction period, comprising: Determine a starting node of each high temperature prediction period in the at least one high temperature prediction period, and obtain at least one starting node corresponding to the at least one high temperature prediction period one by one; Obtaining the water supply time required for the system to supply water to all cavities of the plurality of photovoltaic modules; Determine the at least one water supply start node according to the difference between the at least one start node and the water supply duration; An end node of the at least one high temperature prediction period is determined as the at least one water supply end node.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The determining the historical maximum temperature corresponding to the photovoltaic assembly according to the multiple historical power generation curves includes: Determine a reference temperature value when the power generation power of the photovoltaic module in each of the multiple historical power generation curves reaches a peak and begins to decline, and obtain multiple reference temperature values ​​corresponding to the multiple historical power generation curves one by one; The historical maximum temperature is obtained according to an average value of the multiple reference temperature values.

8. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that: The environmental prediction data also includes average humidity, average wind force and wind direction prediction curves, and the wind direction prediction curve is used to characterize the predicted change of wind direction over time on the day; the method for determining a plurality of historical environmental data having a similarity with the environmental prediction data greater than a preset similarity includes: Acquire a plurality of historical environmental data corresponding to a plurality of historical dates in a historical database, wherein the historical environmental data include historical average humidity, historical average wind speed, historical wind direction curve, and historical temperature curve; The following processing is performed for each of the historical environmental data to obtain a plurality of similarities between the plurality of historical environmental data and the environmental prediction data, wherein the plurality of historical environmental data and the similarities correspond one to one: Determine a first similarity according to a first difference between the historical average humidity in the historical environmental data currently being processed and the average humidity, and determine a second similarity according to a second difference between the historical average wind force in the historical environmental data and the average wind force, wherein the first similarity is negatively correlated with the magnitude of the first difference, and the second similarity is negatively correlated with the magnitude of the second difference; Determining a third similarity between the historical wind direction curve and the wind direction prediction curve, and determining a fourth similarity between the historical temperature curve and the temperature prediction curve; performing weighted summation of the first similarity, the second similarity, the third similarity and the fourth similarity according to a first preset weight, a second preset weight, a third preset weight and a fourth preset weight to obtain a similarity between the currently processed historical environment data and the environment prediction data; A plurality of historical environment data having the similarity greater than the preset similarity is determined.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the steps of the method according to any one of claims 4 to 8.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program / instruction stored thereon, characterized in that: The computer program / instructions are executed by a processor to implement the steps of the method according to any one of claims 4 to 8.

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