Accurate applying equipment for conditioner and fertilizer of saline-alkali grassland

Abstract

The invention discloses accurate applying equipment for a conditioner and a fertilizer of saline-alkali grassland, and aims to solve the problems that a large amount of saline-alkali soil cannot be utilized at present and an existing applying device for the conditioner basically adopts manual throwing or quantitative applying by using a fertilizer applicator. The invention designs novel equipment which is electrically driven and automatically driven and can automatically change the playing amount of a conditioner according to the pH value of soil. The detection system is provided with a detector, the pH value of soil is detected in real time, data can be uploaded to a Beidou positioning system, a saline-alkali data map is generated, the application amount is calculated through software, and the size of a discharge port is adjusted in real time according to the obtained data; and a discharge port is controlled by a motor through an adjustable discharge switch, so that the purpose of variable release of the conditioner is achieved. A Beidou positioning system and an electric driving system are innovatively introduced, the discharging mode of a traditional fertilizer applicator is improved, a real-time detection mechanism is additionally arranged to observe the cultivated land condition, and the yield of medium-low-yield cultivated land is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and more specifically, relates to a saline-alkali grassland conditioner and fertilizer precision application equipment. Background Art

[0002] Precise application of saline-alkali grassland conditioners has become an important direction for saline-alkali grassland improvement. Existing conditioner application devices are basically manually scattered or quantitatively applied using fertilizer spreaders, and cannot perform regionalized precise operations based on the salinity and alkali distribution of the grassland. The grass roots of saline-alkali grasslands are bonded to the soil, and general trenching devices cannot break the soil layer and are easily entangled by the grass roots. However, there are basically no machines on the market that can adapt to the complex operating environment of saline-alkali grasslands. Therefore, it is of great significance to invent a saline-alkali grassland conditioner and fertilizer precision application equipment. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the implementation of existing saline-alkali land improvement work mainly relies on manual treatment and the different degrees of regional salinization cause low work efficiency and more serious soil problems caused by unreasonable application of grassland conditioners. The present invention provides a new equipment for the precise application of saline-alkali grassland conditioners and fertilizers.

[0004] A saline-alkali grassland conditioner and fertilizer precision application equipment, comprising a ditching device and a precision application device, a chassis of the saline-alkali grassland conditioner and fertilizer precision application device, a saline-alkali land detection system and a Beidou navigation system.

[0005] The chassis of the saline-alkali grassland conditioner and fertilizer precision application device is the main frame of the present invention. The saline-alkali land detection system is installed at the front end of the chassis through a three-point suspension device, the Beidou navigation system is installed on the top of the chassis cockpit, and the ditching device and the precision application device are installed at the rear of the chassis and installed on the rear vehicle beam through a three-point suspension.

[0006] The ditching device and the precision application device are the actuators of the present invention, which are mainly composed of a material box, a stirrer device, a stirrer motor, a fertilizer guiding device and a ditching device;

[0007] The material box is mounted on the frame of the trenching device through the bottom mounting hole and is made of transparent plastic;

[0008] The stirring plate device is composed of a material box motor device, a stirring plate device, a material box shaft mechanism and a material box end cover;

[0009] The rotating shaft is fixed in the material box through the mounting holes reserved at both ends of the material box, and the stirring discs are installed on the rotating shaft at equal intervals;

[0010] The material box motor device is connected to one end of the rotating shaft by bolts;

[0011] The material box end cover is a device to prevent the shaft from shifting and is connected to the other end of the shaft by bolts;

[0012] The stirrer device is composed of a stirrer, a stirrer seat and a stirrer gasket;

[0013] The stirrer, stirrer gasket and stirrer seat are connected in sequence, and the stirrer seat is connected to the rotating shaft by bolts;

[0014] The agitator shaft mechanism is composed of a material box end cover and a shaft, the shaft spans across both ends of the material box, and the end covers are installed on both sides of the material box to fix the shaft;

[0015] The material box motor device is composed of a material box mechanism motor and a material box planetary reducer;

[0016] The material box planetary reducer is a power transmission device composed of planetary gears, which consists of a sun gear and three planetary gears. One end of the material box planetary reducer is connected to the material box mechanism motor through bolts, and the other end is connected to the material box shaft mechanism through splines;

[0017] The fertilizer guiding device is installed on the frame of the trenching device by bolts through the fertilizer guiding pipe fixing hole and the fertilizer guiding pipe fixing rear hole;

[0018] The discharging switch is installed on the main beam of the ditching device frame;

[0019] The ditching device is composed of a ditching device motor mechanism, a ditching disc and a ditching device rotating shaft, and is used to dig a fertilizer ditch as the vehicle moves forward;

[0020] The ditching device rotating shaft is installed on the reserved installation position of the ditching device frame, perpendicular to the direction of vehicle travel;

[0021] The motor mechanism of the trenching device is installed at one end of the rotating shaft of the trenching device;

[0022] The trenching disc is composed of a trenching cutting disc gasket, a trenching cutting disc and a trenching cutting disc fixing seat;

[0023] The trenching cutting disc gasket is installed between the trenching cutting disc and the trenching cutting disc fixing seat;

[0024] The trenching cutting disc is a cutting disc with a circular edge and a notch, and is mounted on the trenching cutting disc fixing seat by bolts;

[0025] The ditching cutting disc fixing seat is used to fix the ditching cutting disc, and is installed on the ditching device rotating shaft at equal intervals through the installation openings reserved on the ditching device rotating shaft;

[0026] The chassis of the saline-alkali grassland conditioner and fertilizer precision application device is composed of a chassis suspension hinge seat, a chassis differential, a chassis reducer, a chassis power motor mechanism, a chassis frame, a chassis rotating mechanism and tires;

[0027] The chassis suspension articulated seat is installed between the vehicle beam and the front and rear axles;

[0028] The chassis differential (48) is installed on the front and rear axles;

[0029] The chassis reducer is installed between the chassis power motor mechanism and the front and rear axle power input ends;

[0030] The chassis rotating mechanism is installed on the front axle of the vehicle;

[0031] The tires are installed at both ends of the front and rear axles;

[0032] The saline-alkali soil detection device system is installed on a three-point suspension device at the front of the vehicle, and is composed of a saline-alkali soil detection device shaft, a saline-alkali soil detection device housing, a saline-alkali soil detection mechanism, and a saline-alkali soil detection motor device;

[0033] The rotating shaft of the saline-alkali soil detection device is installed inside the housing of the saline-alkali soil detection device through a hole reserved on the housing;

[0034] The saline-alkali soil detection mechanism is a core component for detecting soil salinity, and the driving gear thereon is coaxially installed with the rotating shaft of the saline-alkali soil detection device;

[0035] The saline-alkali land detection motor device is the power device of the entire detection part and is installed on one side of the rotating shaft of the saline-alkali land detection device by bolts;

[0036] The saline-alkali soil detection device is composed of a saline-alkali soil detection mechanism housing and a saline-alkali soil detection mechanism working element;

[0037] The shell of the saline-alkali soil detection mechanism is fixed inside the shell of the saline-alkali soil detection device by welding, and is composed of a detection mechanism side plate, a detection mechanism fixing block, a detection drilling rod, a pH meter, a detection mechanism sliding plate, a detection mechanism front plate, and a detection mechanism top plate;

[0038] The detection mechanism side plate, detection mechanism top plate and detection mechanism front plate are welded in sequence at 90 degrees;

[0039] The detection drilling needle and pH meter are welded to the bottom of the sliding plate of the detection mechanism;

[0040] The working element of the saline-alkali soil detection mechanism is composed of a top fixing hole, a detection mechanism gear shaft, a fixed shaft, a detection gear mechanism connecting plate, a detection gear mechanism and a detection gear shaft;

[0041] The top fixing hole is used to fix the shaft through a pin, and its main body is buckled on the side plate of the detection mechanism;

[0042] The detection mechanism gear shaft is the shaft of the driving gear, which is installed coaxially with the mounting hole reserved on the top plate of the detection mechanism;

[0043] One end of the fixed shaft passes through the top fixing hole, and the other end passes through the through hole on the detection mechanism fixing block, so as to fix the working positions of the three gears;

[0044] The detection gear mechanism connecting plate is a plate-like structure with holes at both ends, and the shafts of the driving gear and the intermediate transmission gear are respectively fixed through the through holes at both ends;

[0045] The detection gear shaft is the gear shaft of the bottom gear, and its axis also passes through the notch reserved on the detection mechanism sliding plate. By rotating the driving gear, the bottom gear carries the detection mechanism sliding plate up and down, and the detection drilling needle and pH meter on the detection mechanism sliding plate can smoothly sample the soil;

[0046] The Beidou navigation system is integrated into the Beidou navigation module on the top of the vehicle cockpit.

[0047] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0048] 1. A new type suitable for the development and utilization of saline-alkali land, which can accurately apply saline-alkali grassland conditioners.

[0049] 2. The present invention has automatic driving technologies such as intelligent driving and path planning.

[0050] 3. The ditching device adopts an actively rotating ditching device, which solves the problem that the general ditching device cannot break the soil layer and is easily hooked by grass roots.

[0051] 4. Equipped with a saline-alkali land salinity detection device, it can generate a saline-alkali grassland data map in real time according to the changes in the soil composition of the saline-alkali land, and use relevant software for analysis.

[0052] 5. Using the generated saline-alkali grassland data map, the software calculates the application amount and adjusts the size of the discharge port in real time according to the obtained data. The discharge port is designed with an adjustable discharge switch controlled by a motor to achieve single-line variable application of conditioner. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] Figure 1 It is the general assembly isometric drawing of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 2 It is the general assembly isometric drawing of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 3It is an axonometric diagram of the overall assembly of the trenching device and the precision placing device of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 4 It is an axonometric diagram of the material box mechanism of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 5 This is a test view of the material box rotating shaft mechanism of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 6 It is an axonometric view of the material box end cover of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 7 It is an axonometric view of the stirring plate device of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 8 It is an axonometric view of the material box motor device of the present invention;

[0061] Fig. 9 It is an exploded isometric view of the material box motor device of the present invention;

[0062] Fig.10 It is an axonometric view of the material box planetary reducer of the present invention;

[0063] Fig.11 It is an exploded axonometric diagram of the material box planetary reducer of the present invention;

[0064] Fig.12 It is an axonometric view of the trenching device of the present invention;

[0065] Fig.13 It is an axonometric view of the fertilizer guiding device of the present invention;

[0066] Fig.14 It is an exploded isometric view of the discharge switch device of the present invention;

[0067] Fig.15 It is an axonometric view of the trenching device of the present invention;

[0068] Fig.16 A bottom view of the chassis of the present invention;

[0069] Fig.17 This is an axonometric diagram of the saline-alkali land detection device system of the present invention;

[0070] Fig.18 This is an axonometric diagram of the platform of the saline-alkali land detection device of the present invention;

[0071] Fig.19 It is an axonometric diagram of the saline-alkali land detection mechanism of the present invention;

[0072] Fig. 20 This is an axonometric view of the housing of the saline-alkali land detection mechanism of the present invention;

[0073] Fig.21It is an axonometric diagram of the working parts of the saline-alkali land detection mechanism of the present invention;

[0074] Fig. 22 An axonometric diagram of the Beidou satellite navigation system of the present invention;

[0075] In the figure: A. Ditching device and precision application device; B. Chassis of the device for precisely applying saline-alkali grassland conditioner and fertilizer; C. Saline-alkali land detection system; D. Beidou navigation system; 1. Material box mechanism; 2. Ditching device stand; 3. Material box shaft mechanism; 4. Material box shell; 5. Agitator device; 6. Material box motor device; 7. Material box end cover; 8. Axis; 9. Axis gasket; 10. Material box connecting shaft; 11. Material box connecting shaft sleeve; 12. Material box shaft fixing cover; 13. Agitator gasket; 14. Agitator; 15. Agitator seat; 16. Material box planetary reducer; 17. Material box machine 1. Motor; 18. Driving shaft; 19. Driving shaft sleeve; 20. Driving shaft gasket; 21. Planetary carrier; 22. Planetary gear; 23. Material box planetary gear housing; 24. Material box reducer sun gear; 25. Grooving device frame; 26. Fertilizer guide pipe; 27. Discharge switch; 28. Motor mechanism of grooving device; 29. ​​Grooving plate; 30. Grooving device rotating shaft; 31. Fertilizer guide pipe fixing hole; 32. Fertilizer guide pipe; 33. Fertilizer guide pipe fixing rear hole; 34. Rotating gear; 35. Rack mechanism; 36. Discharge switch front gasket; 37. Discharge switch rear gasket; 38. Discharge switch 39. Discharge switch mechanism shaft sleeve fixing plate; 40. Discharge switch mechanism housing fixing plate; 41. Discharge port; 42. Discharge switch mechanism shaft sleeve housing; 43. Discharge mechanism discharge pipe; 44. Grooving cutting disc gasket; 45. Grooving cutting disc; 46. Grooving cutting disc fixing seat; 47. Chassis suspension hinge seat; 48. Chassis differential; 49. Chassis reducer; 50. Chassis power motor mechanism; 51. Chassis frame; 52. Chassis rotation mechanism; 53. Tire; 54. Saline-alkali land detection device shaft; 55. Saline-alkali land detection device housing; 56 , saline-alkali land detection mechanism; 57, saline-alkali land detection motor device; 58, saline-alkali land detection mechanism housing; 59, saline-alkali land detection mechanism working element; 60, detection mechanism side plate; 61, detection mechanism fixing block; 62, detection drilling rod; 63, pH meter; 64, detection mechanism sliding plate; 65, detection mechanism front plate; 66, detection mechanism top plate; 67, top fixing hole; 68, detection mechanism gear shaft; 69, fixed shaft; 70, detection gear mechanism connecting plate; 71, detection gear mechanism; 72, detection gear shaft; 73, Beidou navigation module; 74, vehicle box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0076] See also Figure 1 to Figure 2A saline-alkali grassland conditioner and fertilizer precision application equipment, including a ditching device and a precision application device (A), a saline-alkali grassland conditioner and fertilizer precision application device chassis (B), a saline-alkali land detection system (C), and a Beidou navigation system (D).

[0077] The ditching device and precision application device (A) are the main parts of the present invention, which are installed on the rear of the chassis (B) of the saline-alkali grassland conditioner and fertilizer precision application device through a three-point suspension. The saline-alkali soil detection system (C) is a device for detecting soil salinity and is installed on the front of the chassis (B) of the saline-alkali grassland conditioner and fertilizer precision application device. The Beidou satellite navigation system (D) is an important component for realizing unmanned driving of this equipment, and is installed above the cockpit through the installation point reserved on the top.

[0078] See also Figure 3 , which is a furrowing device and a precise application device (A) of the device, comprising a material box mechanism (1) and a furrowing device stand (2), wherein the material box mechanism (1) is a storage device for saline-alkali grassland conditioner and fertilizer, and is installed above the furrowing device stand (2), and the furrowing device stand (2) is connected to the material box mechanism (1) by bolts at the bottom thereof;

[0079] See also Figure 4 , is a material box mechanism (1) of the device, comprising a material box rotating shaft mechanism (3), a material box housing (4), a material box rotating shaft mechanism (5) and a material box motor device (6);

[0080] The material box rotating shaft mechanism (3) is installed across the material box housing (4) to transfer the material in the material box to the corresponding discharge port and prevent the material from sticking;

[0081] The material box shell (4) is the frame of the entire material box mechanism, and the remaining components are installed through the reserved installation holes on it;

[0082] The stirring plate (5) is mounted on the rotating shaft (8) and rotates with the rotation of the rotating shaft (8) to move and transfer the materials;

[0083] The material box motor device (6) is a driving device for the material box shaft mechanism (5), and drives the shaft mechanism through the rotation of the motor;

[0084] The material box shell (4) is made of a transparent plastic plate, which is convenient for observing the residual quantity and can also reduce the weight of the whole machine, thereby achieving the requirement of lightweight;

[0085] See also Figures 5 and 6 , is a schematic diagram of the material box rotating shaft mechanism (3) of the device, including a material box end cover (7) and a rotating shaft (8);

[0086] The material box end cover (7) is used to fix the rotating shaft (8) in the material box housing (4), and is composed of a rotating shaft gasket (9), a material box connecting shaft (10), a material box connecting shaft sleeve (11) and a material box rotating shaft fixing cover (12);

[0087] The rotating shaft washer (9) is installed between the material box connecting shaft sleeve (11) and the material box rotating shaft fixing cover (12) to prevent the material box connecting shaft sleeve (11) from falling off;

[0088] The material box connecting shaft (10) is installed in the mounting holes reserved on both sides of the material box (1) and is used to connect the rotating shaft (8) and the material box housing (4);

[0089] The material box connecting shaft sleeve (11) is installed outside the material box connecting shaft (10) to reduce the friction between the material box connecting shaft (10) and the material box housing (4);

[0090] The material box shaft fixing cover (12) is installed outside the material box housing (4) and is used to fix the shaft (8) so that it does not shift or loosen;

[0091] The rotating shaft (8) is a hollow cylindrical beam made of high-strength steel. Since the rotating shaft (8) needs to withstand tangential resistance for a long time, the use of this material can extend its service life.

[0092] See also Figure 7 , is a schematic diagram of the stirring plate device (5) of the device, including a stirring plate gasket (13), a stirring plate (14) and a stirring plate seat (15);

[0093] The stirrer gasket (13) is installed between the stirrer (14) and the stirrer seat (15) to prevent the stirrer (14) from being damaged due to excessive friction stress during installation;

[0094] The stirrer (14) is a fan-like structure, with circumferential blades facing the axial direction. The stirrer (14) is mounted on a stirrer seat (15);

[0095] The stirring disc seat (15) is fixed on the rotating shaft (8), and five stirring disc seats (15) are installed on the rotating shaft (8) at equal intervals;

[0096] See also Figures 8 to 9 , is a schematic diagram of the material box motor device (6) of the device, including a material box planetary reducer (16) and a material box mechanism motor (17);

[0097] See also Figures 10 to 11 , is a schematic diagram of a material box planetary reducer (16) of the device, comprising a driving shaft (18), a driving shaft sleeve (19), a driving shaft washer (20), a planet carrier (21), a planetary gear (22), a material box planetary gear housing (23) and a material box reducer sun gear (24);

[0098] The driving shaft (18) is connected to the output shaft of the material box mechanism motor (17) for transmitting power;

[0099] The driving shaft sleeve (19) is sleeved outside the driving shaft (18) to play the role of dustproof and waterproof;

[0100] The driving shaft washer (20) is installed between the driving shaft sleeve (19) and the planet carrier (21) to enhance friction.

[0101] The planet carrier (21) is coaxially mounted with the driving shaft (18), the driving shaft sleeve (19) and the driving shaft washer (20) to provide a mounting position for the planetary gears;

[0102] There are three planetary gears (22) respectively mounted on three mounting shafts on the planetary frame (21) and meshed with the inner teeth on the material box planetary gear housing (23) and the outer teeth on the material box reducer sun gear (24). They are the main parts of the material box planetary reducer (16) that can reduce the rotation speed.

[0103] The material box planetary wheel housing (23) is a circle, the inner ring of which is provided with tooth grooves and is meshed with the planetary wheel (22).

[0104] The sun gear (24) of the material box reducer is a part with tooth grooves on the outer ring and splines on the inner ring. The tooth grooves on the outer ring mesh with the planetary gears (22), and the splines on the inner ring are connected to the output shaft of the motor.

[0105] The material box planetary reducer (16) is a fully enclosed reducer, so no lubrication is required during use, which reduces the use cost to a certain extent;

[0106] See also Fig.12 , is a schematic diagram of a furrowing device frame (2) of the device, comprising a furrowing device frame (25), a fertilizer guide pipe (26), a discharge switch (27), a furrowing device motor mechanism (28), a furrowing disc (29) and a furrowing device rotating shaft (30);

[0107] The trenching device frame (25) is welded from a rectangular hollow steel frame and has a certain weight and rigidity, which facilitates the trenching device to enter the soil;

[0108] The fertilizer guide pipe (26) is installed on the rear beam of the trenching device frame (25) by bolts, and is used to guide the fertilizer to enter the soil and fall;

[0109] The discharge switch (27) is installed above the fertilizer guide pipe (26) and fixed below the material box shell (4) to control the feeding of materials;

[0110] The ditching device motor mechanism (28) is installed at one end of the ditching device rotating shaft (30) and is used to increase the rotation speed of the ditching cutting disc (45) to better complete the soil breaking work;

[0111] The trenching disc (29) is made of cast iron and is a disc with a serrated edge. This design is more conducive to cutting weeds and is not easy to entangle.

[0112] The ditching device rotating shaft (30) is installed in the ditching device frame (25) and is installed across it;

[0113] See also Fig.13 , is an exploded view of the fertilizer guide pipe (26) of the device, including a fertilizer guide pipe fixing hole (31), a fertilizer guide pipe (32) and a fertilizer guide pipe fixing rear hole (33);

[0114] The fertilizer guide pipe fixing hole (31) and the fertilizer guide pipe fixing rear hole (33) are used to fix the fertilizer guide pipe (32) on the crossbeam of the trenching device frame (25);

[0115] The fertilizer guide pipe (32) is a hollow plastic pipe, embedded in the groove of the fertilizer guide pipe fixing hole (31), and is used to transport fertilizer and lawn care agent;

[0116] See also Fig.14 , is an exploded view of the discharge switch (27) of the device, including a rotating gear (34), a rack mechanism (35), a discharge switch front gasket (36), a discharge switch rear gasket (37), a discharge switch mechanism shaft sleeve (38), a discharge switch mechanism shaft sleeve fixing plate (39), a discharge switch mechanism housing fixing plate (40), a discharge port (41), a discharge switch mechanism shaft sleeve housing (42), and a discharge mechanism discharge pipe (43);

[0117] The rotating gear (34) and the rack mechanism (35) are meshed with each other to control the operation of the entire device. The rotating gear (34) is an irregular gear with only a quarter of the gear profile. The rack mechanism (35) can be extended and retracted by rotating it clockwise.

[0118] The discharging switch front gasket (36) and the discharging switch rear gasket (37) are respectively installed between the discharging switch mechanism shaft sleeve fixing plate (39) and the discharging switch mechanism housing fixing plate (40) and the discharging switch mechanism shaft sleeve (38), and are used to fix the discharging switch mechanism shaft sleeve (38);

[0119] The drop opening (41) is installed in the drop pipe (43) of the discharge mechanism, and the drop opening (41) is pushed out and pushed into the drop pipe (43) of the discharge mechanism by the extension and contraction of the rack mechanism (35), and the amount of material delivered is controlled by controlling the amount of the drop opening (41) entering the drop pipe (43) of the discharge mechanism;

[0120] See also Fig.15 , is an exploded view of the trenching disc (29) of the device, including a trenching cutting disc gasket (44), a trenching cutting disc (45) and a trenching cutting disc fixing seat (46);

[0121] The trenching cutting disc gasket (44) is installed between the trenching cutting disc (45) and the trenching cutting disc fixing seat (46) to enhance friction and prevent loosening;

[0122] The trenching cutting disc (45) is fixed to the trenching cutting disc fixing seat (46) by bolts. The trenching cutting disc (45) is made of cast iron and is a disc with a serrated edge. Such a design is more conducive to cutting weeds and is not easy to entangle.

[0123] The trenching cutting disc fixing seat (46) is installed on the trenching device rotating shaft (30) and is used to install the trenching cutting disc (45);

[0124] See also Fig.17 , is the chassis (B) of the device for precisely applying saline-alkali grassland conditioner and fertilizer of the present invention, which is composed of a plurality of parts, namely: a chassis suspension articulated seat (47), a chassis differential (48), a chassis reducer (49), a chassis power motor mechanism (50), a chassis frame (51), a chassis rotating mechanism (52), and a tire (53);

[0125] The chassis suspension hinge seat (47) is installed between the front and rear axles and the chassis for shock absorption, and adopts a traditional leaf spring, which has the advantage of being able to withstand a higher load and being strong and durable;

[0126] The chassis differential (48) is installed on the front and rear axles to eliminate the speed difference between the left and right front and rear axles caused by the different speeds of the tires;

[0127] The chassis reducer (49) is installed between the chassis power motor mechanism (50) and the front and rear axle input shafts, and is used to reduce the rotation speed of the chassis power motor mechanism (50).

[0128] There are two chassis power motor mechanisms (50) installed on the chassis frame (51), which are responsible for the power input of the front and rear wheels respectively. The dual-motor design provides a stronger power for the vehicle and improves the passability of the equipment in the field.

[0129] The chassis frame (51) is the overall frame of the chassis (B) of the saline-alkali grassland conditioner and fertilizer precision application device, and is made of high-strength aluminum alloy steel. The high-strength aluminum alloy has excellent characteristics such as high strength, low density, and corrosion resistance. It increases the rigidity of the frame while reducing the overall weight, which is beneficial to improving fuel economy.

[0130] The chassis rotating mechanism (52) is installed between the front and rear axles and the chassis reducer (49) for transmitting power;

[0131] The tires (53) are installed at both ends of the front and rear axles and are wide agricultural tires with high tread patterns, which can increase the contact area between the tires and the soil, increase the friction force, and improve the overall trafficability of the vehicle;

[0132] See also Figures 17 to 18 , which is the saline-alkali land detection system (C) of the device, is installed at the front of the vehicle through a three-point suspension device at the front of the vehicle, and includes a saline-alkali land detection device shaft (54), a saline-alkali land detection device housing (55), a saline-alkali land detection mechanism (56) and a saline-alkali land detection motor device (57);

[0133] The saline-alkali soil detection device rotating shaft (54) is installed across the saline-alkali soil detection device housing (55), and other components are also installed on the saline-alkali soil detection device rotating shaft (54);

[0134] The housing (55) of the saline-alkali soil detection device is made of stainless steel sheet iron, with a three-point suspension connection hole reserved at the rear and a saline-alkali soil detection mechanism (56) installed at the front.

[0135] The saline-alkali soil detection mechanism (56) is installed in the saline-alkali soil detection device housing (55), connected to the saline-alkali soil detection device shaft (54), and is responsible for detecting salinity;

[0136] The saline-alkali soil detection motor device (57) is installed at one end of the saline-alkali soil detection device rotating shaft (54) and is used to drive the saline-alkali soil detection mechanism (56) to work;

[0137] See also Fig.19 , is a saline-alkali soil detection mechanism (56) of the device, comprising a saline-alkali soil detection mechanism housing (58) and a saline-alkali soil detection mechanism working element (59);

[0138] The saline-alkali soil detection mechanism housing (58) is installed in the saline-alkali soil detection device housing (55) by welding;

[0139] The saline-alkali soil detection mechanism working element (59) is connected to the saline-alkali soil detection mechanism housing (58) through relevant connections;

[0140] See also Fig. 20 , is a schematic diagram of the housing (58) of the saline-alkali soil detection mechanism of the device, comprising a detection mechanism side plate (60), a detection mechanism fixing block (61), a detection drilling rod (62), a pH meter (63), a detection mechanism sliding plate (64), a detection mechanism front plate (65) and a detection mechanism top plate (66);

[0141] The detection mechanism side plate (60) and the detection mechanism top plate (66) are welded together at 90 degrees;

[0142] The detection mechanism fixing block (61) is fixed at a lower position of the detection mechanism side plate (60) by welding, and the pin hole on the fixing block (61) is connected to the detection gear shaft (72);

[0143] The detection mechanism sliding plate (64) is installed in a slideway formed by installing the detection mechanism front plate (65), the detection mechanism side plate (60) and the detection mechanism top plate (66), and the groove on the detection mechanism sliding plate (64) and the detection gear shaft (72) are mutually nested, so that the detection mechanism sliding plate (64) can move up and down in the slideway as the detection gear moves up and down;

[0144] The detection mechanism top plate (66) is used to connect the detection mechanism side plate (60) and the detection mechanism front plate (65). The detection mechanism side plate (60) and the detection mechanism front plate (65) are vertically welded to the two ends of the detection mechanism top plate (66) to form a semi-enclosed structure. The detection mechanism sliding plate (64) is installed in the slide groove formed by the semi-enclosed structure.

[0145] The detection drilling rod (62) and the pH meter (63) are installed at the end of the detection mechanism sliding plate (64) and are used to detect the salinity and alkalinity of the soil;

[0146] See also Fig.21 , is a schematic diagram of the working element (59) of the saline-alkali soil detection mechanism of the device, including a top fixing hole (67), a detection mechanism gear shaft (68), a fixing shaft (69), a detection gear mechanism connecting plate (70), a detection gear mechanism (71) and a detection gear shaft (72);

[0147] The top fixing hole (67) is used to fix the fixing shaft (69) through a pin, and the entire top fixing hole (67) is fixed in a groove on the side plate (60) of the detection mechanism;

[0148] The detection mechanism gear shaft (68) is fixed on a through hole reserved on the detection mechanism top plate (66) by means of a pin connection;

[0149] The detection gear mechanism connecting plate (70) is connected to the gear shafts of the first and second detection gears through pins, and is a key device to ensure that the first and second detection gears maintain a fixed center distance.

[0150] The detection gear mechanism (71) is composed of three gears meshing with each other, and the gear shafts thereof are respectively fixed to the installation positions reserved in the housing (58) of the saline-alkali land detection mechanism;

[0151] The detection gear shaft (72) is installed in the reserved pin groove of the detection mechanism sliding plate (64). As the first detection gear rotates, the third detection gear starts to move up and down, driving the detection mechanism sliding plate (64), the detection drilling rod (62) and the pH meter (63) connected thereto to move up and down at the same time, so that the detection device can penetrate deep into the soil and obtain real-time soil-related data;

[0152] See also Fig. 22 , is a schematic diagram of the Beidou navigation system (D) of the device, which is integrated with the cockpit and is the core component for realizing automatic driving, including a Beidou navigation module (73) and a vehicle box (74);

[0153] The Beidou navigation module (73) is installed on the top of the cockpit and is used to receive and send Beidou satellite signals and predetermined instructions;

[0154] The vehicle box (74) is located at the rear of the cockpit and is installed above the chassis;

[0155] Working principle of the present invention:

[0156] See also Figure 1 to Figure 2 The working principle of a saline-alkali grassland conditioner and fertilizer precision application equipment is as follows: the Beidou navigation system (D) receives information and plans the route, and the chassis power motor mechanism (50) starts to work to drive the vehicle to move. During the movement of the equipment, the saline-alkali land detection device system (C) starts to work, and the detection drilling rod (62) and the pH meter (63) are inserted into the soil to obtain the information of soil salinity; by analyzing the information of soil salinity, the application amount of fertilizer and grassland conditioner is automatically determined, and at this time, the ditching device and the precision application device (A) start to work, and the ditching device motor mechanism (28) starts to work, and through the speed reduction effect of the material box planetary reducer (16), the high speed and low torque of the motor is converted into the low speed and high torque required by the ditching device shaft (30), so that the entire ditching device works normally. At the same time, the discharge switch (27) is turned on, and the grassland conditioner is put into the field through the drop port (41), and the fertilizer is applied into the opened fertilizer ditch through the fertilizer guide pipe (32).

[0157] See also Figures 3 to 15The working principle of the trenching device and the precision application device (A) of the machine is as follows. The material box mechanism (1) is installed above the trenching device frame (2) and is used to spread fertilizers and lawn care agents into the field. The material box (1) is composed of a material box shell (4), a stirrer device (5) and a material box motor device (6). The material box shell (4) is a rectangular structure with an open top. The stirrer device (5) spans across both ends of the material box shell (4) and is used to release the material in the material box into the field. The material box motor device (6) is installed at one end of the stirrer device (5) and is used to provide power to the stirrer device (5) to rotate it. The material box motor device (6) matches the motor speed with the working parts through a material box planetary reducer (16); the ditching device of the machine is composed of a ditching disc (29), a ditching device rotating shaft (30) and a ditching device motor mechanism (28). The ditching disc (29) and the ditching device rotating shaft (30) are driven by the motor device to rotate, and the ditching disc (29) rotates at a high speed and moves forward to open a ditch. The fertilizer guide pipe (26) is fixed on the ditching device frame (25) and is located on the crossbeam behind the ditching disc (29) to discharge fertilizer into the opened ditch. The discharge switch (27) is installed on the rearmost crossbeam of the trenching device frame (25), and is connected to the material box device (1) and the discharge port. The rack mechanism (35) and the discharge port (41) are moved forward and backward by rotating the rotating gear (34), so that the discharge port (41) enters and exits the discharge mechanism discharge pipe (43), thereby connecting and closing the discharge port, thereby achieving the goal of controlling the feeding of materials.

[0158] See also Fig.16 The chassis (B) of the saline-alkali grassland conditioner and fertilizer precision application device of this machine adopts a wheeled chassis and a four-wheel drive form. The wheeled chassis is more suitable for relatively dry soil such as saline-alkali land.

[0159] See also Figures 17 to 21The working principle of the saline-alkali soil monitoring mechanism (C) of the machine is as follows. The saline-alkali soil monitoring mechanism (C) is suspended and installed on the front of the vehicle by means of a three-point suspension, and is composed of a saline-alkali soil detection device shaft (54), a saline-alkali soil detection device housing (55), a saline-alkali soil detection mechanism (55), and a saline-alkali soil detection motor device (56). The saline-alkali soil detection device shaft (54) is installed in the saline-alkali soil detection device housing (55), and the saline-alkali soil detection mechanism (55) is connected to the saline-alkali soil detection device shaft (54). The saline-alkali soil detection motor device (56) drives the saline-alkali soil detection mechanism (55). The detection mechanism (55) can work normally. The saline-alkali soil detection mechanism (55) is a key device of this part. It is composed of three gears meshing with each other. The driving gear is connected to the rotating shaft (54) of the saline-alkali soil detection device and rotates together with it. Through the meshing of the other two gears, the detection mechanism sliding plate (64) connected to the terminal gear can realize up and down reciprocating motion. The detection drilling rod (62) and the pH meter (63) on the detection mechanism sliding plate (64) can be inserted into the soil to obtain the real-time pH value of the soil.

[0160] See also Fig. 22 , is the Beidou navigation system (D) of the present invention, which is integrated into the Beidou navigation module (73) on the top of the vehicle cockpit and is used to receive and send Beidou satellite signals and process predetermined instructions.

Claims

1. A saline-alkali grassland conditioner and fertilizer precision application equipment, comprising a trenching device and a precision application device (A), a saline-alkali grassland conditioner and fertilizer precision application device chassis (B), a saline-alkali land detection system (C), and a Beidou navigation system (D); The trenching device and precision application device (A) are installed at the rear of the chassis (B) of the saline-alkali grassland conditioner and fertilizer precision application device through three-point suspension. The saline-alkali soil detection system (C) is a device for detecting soil salinity and alkalinity, and is installed at the front of the chassis (B) of the saline-alkali grassland conditioner and fertilizer precision application device. The Beidou satellite navigation system (D) is a component for realizing unmanned driving of this equipment, and is installed above the cockpit through the installation point reserved on the top.

2. The equipment for precisely applying saline-alkali grassland conditioner and fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trenching device and precise application device (A) comprises a material box mechanism (1) and a trenching device stand (2); The material box mechanism (1) is a storage device for saline-alkali grassland conditioner and fertilizer, which is installed above the ditching device frame (2), and the ditching device frame (2) is connected to the material box mechanism (1) by bolts at the bottom thereof; The material box mechanism (1) comprises a material box rotating shaft mechanism (3), a material box housing (4), a material box rotating shaft mechanism (5) and a material box motor device (6); The material box rotating shaft mechanism (3) is used to transfer the material in the material box to the corresponding discharge port; The material box shell (4) is the frame of the entire material box mechanism and is made of a transparent plastic plate; The stirring disc device (5) is installed on the rotating shaft (8); The material box motor device (6) is a driving device for the material box shaft mechanism (5), and drives the shaft mechanism through the rotation of the motor; The material box rotating shaft mechanism (3) comprises a material box end cover (7) and a rotating shaft (8); The material box end cover (7) fixes the rotating shaft (8) in the material box housing (4), and is composed of a rotating shaft gasket (9), a material box connecting shaft (10), a material box connecting shaft sleeve (11) and a material box rotating shaft fixing cover (12); The rotating shaft gasket (9) is installed between the material box connecting shaft sleeve (11) and the material box rotating shaft fixing cover (12); The material box connecting shaft (10) is installed in the mounting holes reserved on both sides of the material box (1) to connect the rotating shaft (8) and the material box housing (4); The material box connecting shaft sleeve (11) is installed outside the material box connecting shaft (10); The material box shaft fixing cover (12) is installed outside the material box housing (4); The rotating shaft (8) is a hollow cylindrical beam made of high-strength steel; The stirrer device (5) is composed of a stirrer gasket (13), a stirrer (14) and a stirrer seat (15); the stirrer seat (15) is mounted on the rotating shaft (8) and is used to mount the stirrer (14); The stirrer gasket (13) is installed between the stirrer (14) and the stirrer seat (15); The stirrer (14) is a fan-like structure, with circumferential blades facing the axial direction. The stirrer (14) is mounted on a stirrer seat (15); The stirring disc seat (15) is fixed on the rotating shaft (8), and five stirring disc seats (15) are installed on the rotating shaft (8) at equal intervals.

3. The trenching device and precision application device (A) according to claim 2, characterized in that: The material box motor device (6) is composed of a material box planetary reducer (16) and a material box mechanism motor (17); The material box planetary reducer (16) is composed of a driving shaft (18), a driving shaft sleeve (19), a driving shaft washer (20), a planet carrier (21), a planetary gear (22), a material box planetary gear housing (23) and a material box reducer sun gear (24); The driving shaft (18) is connected to the output shaft of the material box mechanism motor (17); The driving shaft sleeve (19) is sleeved outside the driving shaft (18); The driving shaft washer (20) is installed between the driving shaft sleeve (19) and the planet carrier (21); The planet carrier (21) is coaxially mounted with the driving shaft (18), the driving shaft sleeve (19) and the driving shaft washer (20) to provide a mounting position for the planetary gears; There are three planetary wheels (22) in total, which are respectively mounted on three mounting shafts on the planetary frame (21) and are meshed with the internal teeth on the material box planetary wheel housing (23) and the external teeth of the material box reducer sun wheel (24); The inner ring of the material box planetary wheel housing (23) is provided with tooth grooves and is meshed with the planetary wheel (22); The sun gear (24) of the material box reducer is a part with tooth grooves on the outer ring and splines on the inner ring. The tooth grooves on the outer ring mesh with the planetary gears (22), and the splines on the inner ring are connected to the output shaft of the motor. The material box planetary reducer (16) is a fully enclosed reducer.

4. The trenching device and precision application device (A) according to claim 2, characterized in that: The trenching device frame (2) is installed at the rear of the vehicle through a suspension device at the rear of the vehicle, and the trenching and fertilizing devices are installed on the trenching device frame (2), which includes a trenching device frame (25), a fertilizer guide pipe (26), a discharge switch (27), a trenching device motor mechanism (28), a trenching disc (29) and a trenching device rotating shaft (30); The trenching device frame (25) is welded from a rectangular hollow steel frame; The fertilizer guide pipe (26) is mounted on the rear beam of the trenching device frame (25) by means of bolts; The discharge switch (27) is installed above the fertilizer guide pipe (26) and fixed below the material box shell (4); The ditching device motor mechanism (28) is installed at one end of the ditching device rotating shaft (30); The ditching disc (29) is made of cast iron and is a disc with a serrated edge; The ditching device rotating shaft (30) is installed in the ditching device frame (25) and is installed across it; The fertilizer guide tube (26) comprises a fertilizer guide tube fixing hole (31), a fertilizer guide pipeline (32) and a fertilizer guide tube fixing rear hole (33); The fertilizer guide pipe fixing hole (31) and the fertilizer guide pipe fixing rear hole (33) fix the fertilizer guide pipe (32) on the crossbeam of the trenching device frame (25); The fertilizer guiding pipe (32) is a hollow plastic pipe embedded in the groove of the fertilizer guiding pipe fixing hole (31).

5. The trenching device stand (2) according to claim 4, characterized in that: The discharging switch (27) comprises a rotating gear (34), a rack mechanism (35), a discharging switch front gasket (36), a discharging switch rear gasket (37), a discharging switch mechanism shaft sleeve (38), a discharging switch mechanism shaft sleeve fixing plate (39), a discharging switch mechanism housing fixing plate (40), a discharge port (41), a discharging switch mechanism shaft sleeve housing (42) and a discharging mechanism discharge pipe (43); The rotating gear (34) and the rack mechanism (35) are meshed with each other. The rotating gear (34) is an irregular gear with only a quarter of the gear profile. The rack mechanism (35) can be extended and retracted by rotating the rotating gear (34) clockwise. The discharging switch front gasket (36) and the discharging switch rear gasket (37) are respectively installed between the discharging switch mechanism shaft sleeve fixing plate (39) and the discharging switch mechanism housing fixing plate (40) and the discharging switch mechanism shaft sleeve (38), and are used to fix the discharging switch mechanism shaft sleeve (38); The drop opening (41) is installed in the drop pipe (43) of the discharge mechanism, and the drop opening (41) is pushed out and pushed into the drop pipe (43) of the discharge mechanism by the extension and contraction of the rack mechanism (35), and the amount of material delivered is controlled by controlling the amount of the drop opening (41) entering the drop pipe (43) of the discharge mechanism; The trenching disc (29) comprises a trenching cutting disc gasket (44), a trenching cutting disc (45) and a trenching cutting disc fixing seat (46); The trenching cutting disc gasket (44) is installed between the trenching cutting disc (45) and the trenching cutting disc fixing seat (46); The trenching cutting disc (45) is fixed to the trenching cutting disc fixing seat (46) by bolts, and is made of cast iron and is a disc with a serrated edge; The ditching cutting disc fixing seat (46) is installed on the ditching device rotating shaft (30) and is used for installing the ditching cutting disc (45).

6. The equipment for precisely applying saline-alkali grassland conditioner and fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chassis (B) of the device for precisely applying saline-alkali grassland conditioner and fertilizer comprises a chassis suspension articulated seat (47), a chassis differential (48), a chassis reducer (49), a chassis power motor mechanism (50), a chassis frame (51), a chassis rotating mechanism (52) and a tire (53); The chassis suspension articulated seat (47) is installed between the front and rear axles and the chassis, and adopts a conventional leaf spring. The chassis differential (48) is installed on the front and rear axles. The chassis reducer (49) is installed between the chassis power motor mechanism (50) and the front and rear axle input shafts. There are two chassis power motor mechanisms (50) installed on the chassis frame (51), which are responsible for the power input of the front and rear wheels respectively. The chassis frame (51) is the overall frame of the chassis (B) of the saline-alkali grassland conditioner and fertilizer precision application device, and is made of high-strength aluminum alloy steel; The chassis rotating mechanism (52) is installed between the front and rear axles and the chassis reducer (49) for transmitting power; The tire (53) is installed at both ends of the front and rear axles and is a wide agricultural tire with a high pattern.

7. The equipment for precisely applying saline-alkali grassland conditioner and fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The saline-alkali soil detection system (C) is installed at the front of the vehicle through a three-point suspension device at the front of the vehicle, and comprises a saline-alkali soil detection device rotating shaft (54), a saline-alkali soil detection device housing (55), a saline-alkali soil detection mechanism (56) and a saline-alkali soil detection motor device (57); The rotating shaft (54) of the saline-alkali soil detection device is installed in a spanning manner inside a housing (55) of the saline-alkali soil detection device; The housing (55) of the saline-alkali soil detection device is made of stainless steel sheet iron, with a three-point suspension connection hole reserved at the rear and a saline-alkali soil detection mechanism (56) installed at the front. The saline-alkali soil detection mechanism (56) is installed in the saline-alkali soil detection device housing (55), connected to the saline-alkali soil detection device rotating shaft (54), and detects soil salinity; The saline-alkali soil detection motor device (57) is installed at one end of the saline-alkali soil detection device shaft (54) to drive the saline-alkali soil detection mechanism (56) to work; The saline-alkali soil detection mechanism (56) comprises a saline-alkali soil detection mechanism housing (58) and a saline-alkali soil detection mechanism working element (59); the saline-alkali soil detection mechanism housing (58) is installed in a saline-alkali soil detection device housing (55) by welding, and the saline-alkali soil detection mechanism working element (59) is connected to the saline-alkali soil detection mechanism housing (58) by relevant connections; The saline-alkali soil detection mechanism housing (58) comprises a detection mechanism side plate (60), a detection mechanism fixing block (61), a detection drilling rod (62), a pH meter (63), a detection mechanism sliding plate (64), a detection mechanism front plate (65) and a detection mechanism top plate (66); The detection mechanism side plate (60) and the detection mechanism top plate (66) are welded together at 90 degrees, the detection mechanism fixing block (61) is fixed at a lower position of the detection mechanism side plate (60) by welding, and the pin hole on the detection mechanism fixing block (61) is connected to the detection gear shaft (72), the detection mechanism sliding plate (64) is installed in a slideway formed after the detection mechanism front plate (65), the detection mechanism side plate (60) and the detection mechanism top plate (66) are installed, and the groove on the detection mechanism fixing block (61) and the detection gear shaft (72) are mutually nested, so that the detection mechanism fixing block (61) can move up and down in the slideway as the detection gear moves up and down; The detection mechanism top plate (66) is used to connect the detection mechanism side plate (60) and the detection mechanism front plate (65); the detection mechanism side plate (60) and the detection mechanism front plate (65) are respectively vertically welded to the two ends of the detection mechanism top plate (66) to form a semi-enclosed structure; the detection mechanism sliding plate (64) is installed in a slide groove formed by the semi-enclosed structure; The detection drilling rod (62) and the pH meter (63) are installed at the end of the detection mechanism sliding plate (64) and are used to detect the salinity and alkalinity of the soil.

8. The saline-alkali land detection system (C) according to claim 7, characterized in that: The saline-alkali soil detection mechanism working element (59) comprises a top fixing hole (67), a detection mechanism gear shaft (68), a fixing shaft (69), a detection gear mechanism connecting plate (70), a detection gear mechanism (71) and a detection gear shaft (72); The top fixing hole (67) is fastened to the fixing shaft (69) by a pin, and the entire top fixing hole (67) is fixed in a groove on the side plate (60) of the detection mechanism; The detection mechanism gear shaft (68) is fixed on a through hole reserved on the detection mechanism top plate (66) by means of a pin connection; The detection gear mechanism connecting plate (70) is connected to the gear shafts of the first and second detection gears through pins. The detection gear mechanism (71) is three gears meshing with each other. Their gear shafts are respectively fixed to the reserved installation positions of the saline-alkali soil detection mechanism housing (58). The detection gear shaft (72) is installed in the reserved pin groove of the detection mechanism sliding plate (64). As the first detection gear rotates, the third detection gear starts to move up and down, driving the detection mechanism sliding plate (64), the detection drilling rod (62) and the pH meter (63) connected thereto to move up and down at the same time, thereby obtaining real-time soil-related data.

9. The equipment for precisely applying saline-alkali grassland conditioner and fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Beidou navigation system (D) is integrated with the cockpit and is the core element for realizing automatic driving, and includes a Beidou navigation module (73) and a vehicle box (74); The Beidou navigation module (73) is installed on the top of the cockpit and is used to receive and send Beidou satellite signals and predetermined instructions; The vehicle box (74) is located at the rear of the cockpit and is installed above the chassis.

Images