An integrated device and method for solid-liquid separation and residual carbon separation and recovery

Abstract

The application provides an integrated device and method with solid-liquid separation and residual carbon separation and recovery, and relates to the field of dehydration treatment. The integrated device comprises a vacuum tank main body, a feeding mechanism, a heating mechanism, a vacuum mechanism, a back flushing mechanism and a discharging mechanism. The vacuum tank main body comprises a vacuum tank, a driving motor and a spiral blade. The driving motor is installed on the top of the vacuum tank and connected with the spiral blade. The spiral blade is arranged in the vacuum tank. The vacuum tank is provided with a vacuum extraction port and a filtrate port. The vacuum extraction port and the filtrate port are both provided with filters. The feeding mechanism is communicated with the vacuum tank. The heating mechanism is arranged on the outer wall or the inner wall of the vacuum tank. The vacuum mechanism is communicated with the vacuum tank. The discharging mechanism is respectively communicated with a side discharging port, a lower discharging port and the filtrate port. The back flushing mechanism is respectively communicated with the vacuum extraction port and the filtrate port. The application can realize the purpose of "solid-liquid separation + residual carbon separation" at the same time, shorten the process flow, and greatly reduce the equipment investment, operation cost and labor intensity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of dehydration treatment, and in particular to an integrated device and method for solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery. Background Art

[0002] Solid waste dehydration is a common problem in the treatment of sludge generated by municipal sewage and industrial wastewater treatment plants, as well as other solid wastes with similar moisture content. Generally speaking, solid waste with a moisture content exceeding 90% must be dehydrated to reduce its volume for easier packaging, transportation, and subsequent resource utilization.

[0003] In the coal chemical industry, coal gasification is a leading process. my country has numerous coal gasification plants operating in various provinces and cities, including those in Northeast and Northwest China. However, the liquid waste residue produced after gasification has a significant negative impact on the ecological environment. Due to the high water content in the waste residue, the continuous draining during loading results in poor environmental conditions in the loading area, resulting in significant waste of water resources and the residual carbon in the waste residue. Therefore, dehydration is essential.

[0004] Coal gasification filter cake (gasification slag) is a typical fine-grained material. At present, there are many technologies for solid-liquid separation, dehydration and drying of this type of fine-grained material in China, and many of them have been put into practical application, including vacuum belt filter presses, screw stacking machines, plate and frame filter presses, etc., as well as heated vacuum plate and frame filter presses that are a combination of vacuum belt filter presses, frame filter presses and steam drying technology.

[0005] A vacuum belt filter press utilizes a fixed vacuum box over which a sliding tape forms a dynamic seal. This device uses negative vacuum pressure as the driving force for solid-liquid separation. Structurally, the filter sections are arranged horizontally, enabling continuous filtration, residue unloading, and filter cloth cleaning.

[0006] A plate and frame filter press consists of alternating filter plates and filter frames. The filter frames are sandwiched between filter cloth on both sides and secured at both ends with plywood. Grooves in both the plates and frames connect to the mud inlet holes, forming a conduit. During filtration, a pump pumps the slurry through the conduit and directs it into the filter frames. The filtrate passes through the filter cloth and collects along the grooves in the filter plates, draining out through drain pipes. The filter cake remains within the frames. When the filter press is finished, the filter press automatically pulls apart the filter plates to discharge the filter cake. Structurally, two main beams connect the fixed plates and the clamping mechanism to form the frame. Filter plates and filter frames are alternately arranged between the fixed plates and the movable clamping plate, with an annular filter cloth wrapped between the plates and frames. The clamping mechanism drives the movable plate, which moves the filter plates and frames along the main beams, compressing and pulling the plates and frames apart. Holes are located around the filter plates and frames, creating a water flow channel (available in both concealed and open flow configurations). The main unit is designed with mud inlet, high-pressure water inlet, filtrate outlet, as well as channels for drying, forward blowing, reverse blowing and compressed air. Between the filter frame and filter plates, they are used to drain the filtrate and support the drying filter cake.

[0007] Vacuum drying equipment is a general term for a category of equipment. While the application requirements vary across industries like chemical, pharmaceutical, and food, the equipment structures vary. However, all utilize the principle of phase transition of water within the material under vacuum conditions to achieve deep dehydration. As a result, materials treated with this technology have lower moisture content and better dehydration performance than those treated with conventional equipment like belt filters, plate and frame filter presses, or centrifuges.

[0008] As for the coal gasification process itself, the bottom flow concentration of the coal gasification black water sedimentation tank is low, the particle size is small, and the particles are porous, with 20-40% residual carbon and high inherent moisture. The material is difficult to filter and dry. Ordinary filter cake filtration equipment and processes cannot further reduce the moisture content of the filter residue, the treatment effect is poor, and the residual carbon contained in the filter cake cannot be recycled and reused simultaneously.

[0009] The current conventional method for dehydrating coal gasification filter cakes is to use a belt vacuum filter. This process uses a vacuum system to absorb moisture from the highly concentrated gasified fine ash adhering to the filter cake layer, forming a filter cake. This process has the following drawbacks: First, the filter cake layer is in direct contact with the atmosphere, resulting in a low vacuum level and high energy consumption. Second, the dehydration process does not involve a phase change, making it difficult to remove moisture from the fine ash pores. As a result, the moisture content of the gasified fine ash remains around 60% after treatment with the vacuum filter. To further reduce the moisture content of the fine ash, some companies have tried using decanter centrifuges for dehydration. Due to the centrifugal force, decanter centrifuges are more efficient at separating moisture than belt vacuum filters. However, since there is no phase change during the dehydration process, further removal of moisture from the fine ash pores remains difficult.

[0010] After trying vacuum filtration and centrifugal dehydration, the results were not ideal. If the moisture content of fine ash is to be further reduced, a water phase change must be generated to completely solve the problem of fine ash dehydration. Therefore, some companies combined the operating experience of vacuum belt filters and plate and frame filter presses and adopted heated vacuum plate and frame filter presses for treatment. Although the treatment effect has been improved, this technology also has the following disadvantages: First, the plate and frame design with a pressing diaphragm and a heating diaphragm is more complex than the structure of a conventional filter press, making operation and maintenance more difficult; second, compared with vacuum belt filters and conventional plate and frame filters, a hot water heating system is added, which not only increases the energy consumption of the device, but also reduces the service life of the filter cloth and spare parts of the device; third, the system has many spare parts and auxiliary equipment, and the device occupies a large area and has high investment costs.

[0011] Therefore, in order to comprehensively solve the problems of low dehydration efficiency and high energy consumption of fine slag materials, no matter which of the above-mentioned dehydration forms is used, the residual carbon in the filter cake cannot be effectively sorted and recycled simultaneously. The residual carbon in the unsorted filter cake is relatively low, the ash content is high, and the calorific value is low, and it is impossible to effectively realize comprehensive utilization, resulting in a waste of resources (or the equipment investment for subsequent reuse will increase, and the process flow will also need to be lengthened).

[0012] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0013] The purpose of the present invention includes, for example, providing a method for both solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery, which is simple and feasible, with low investment and operating costs, low maintenance, and high performance, and effectively improves the problems of traditional coal gasification fine slag treatment with high moisture content, long sorting and utilization process, and large investment.

[0014] The embodiments of the present invention can be implemented as follows:

[0015] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an integrated device for both solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery, comprising a vacuum tank body, a feeding mechanism, a heating mechanism, a vacuum mechanism, a back-blowing mechanism, and a discharging mechanism;

[0016] The vacuum tank body includes a vacuum tank, a drive motor and a spiral blade, the drive motor is installed on the top of the vacuum tank and connected to the spiral blade, the spiral blade is arranged in the vacuum tank, the vacuum tank is provided with a feed port, a side discharge port, a lower discharge port, a vacuum port and a filtrate port, and the vacuum port and the filtrate port are both provided with a filter;

[0017] The feeding mechanism is connected with the feeding port of the vacuum tank for conveying water-containing materials into the vacuum tank. The heating mechanism is arranged on the outer wall or the inner wall of the vacuum tank for heating the vacuum tank. The vacuum mechanism is connected with the vacuum port of the vacuum tank for vacuuming the vacuum tank. The discharging mechanism is respectively connected with the side discharge port, the lower discharge port and the filtrate port for discharging the materials in the vacuum tank. The back-blowing mechanism is respectively connected with the vacuum port and the filtrate port for back-blowing the filter to prevent clogging and making the materials in the vacuum tank suspended and fluidized.

[0018] In an optional embodiment, the spiral blade includes a blade that rotates counterclockwise from top to bottom, and the running direction of the spiral blade is clockwise;

[0019] Preferably, the upper portion of the vacuum tank is cylindrical and the lower portion is conical, the upper portion of the spiral blades has the same diameter and the lower portion has a gradually decreasing diameter, and the edges of the spiral blades are close to the inner wall of the vacuum tank and are spaced apart;

[0020] Preferably, the pitch of the spiral blade is 20-200 mm;

[0021] Preferably, the rotation speed of the spiral controller is 10-200 rpm.

[0022] In an optional embodiment, the feeding mechanism includes a feeding hopper, a feeding pipeline and a feeding valve, one end of the feeding pipeline is connected to the feeding hopper, and the other end is connected to the vacuum tank, and the feeding valve is provided on the feeding pipeline;

[0023] Preferably, there is at least one feeding mechanism and at least one vacuum tank body. One feeding mechanism is connected to multiple vacuum tank bodies, and one vacuum tank body is connected to multiple feeding mechanisms.

[0024] In an optional embodiment, the heating mechanism includes a heat source inlet, a heat source wall and a heat source outlet, the heat source wall is mounted on the outer wall or the inner wall of the vacuum tank, and both sides of the heat source wall are respectively connected to the heat source inlet and the heat source outlet;

[0025] Preferably, the heat source wall is a coil or an airtight chamber;

[0026] Preferably, a thermal insulation layer is provided on the outer wall of the heat source wall;

[0027] Preferably, the heat source in the heat source wall includes at least one of steam, hot water, thermal oil, electric heating plate, flue gas, factory exhaust steam and condensate.

[0028] In an optional embodiment, the vacuum mechanism includes a vacuum tube, a vacuum pump, a heat exchanger, a gas-liquid separation tank and a condensate tank, one end of the vacuum tube is connected to the vacuum port, and the other end is connected to the heat exchanger, the vacuum pump is arranged on the vacuum tube, the outlet end of the heat exchanger is connected to the gas-liquid separation tank, and the condensate port of the gas-liquid separation tank is connected to the condensate tank.

[0029] In an optional embodiment, the backflush mechanism includes a backflush pipeline, a first backflush branch line, a second backflush branch line and a backflush valve, the backflush pipeline is connected to the first backflush branch line and the second backflush branch line at the same time, the first backflush branch line is connected to the vacuum port, the second backflush branch line is connected to the filtrate port, and the backflush valve is provided on the backflush pipeline;

[0030] Preferably, the flow rate of the backflush gas in the backflush line is 5 m / s to 30 m / s.

[0031] In an optional embodiment, the discharging mechanism includes a side discharge pipeline, a lower discharge pipeline, a primary filtration pipeline and a filtrate storage tank, the side discharge pipeline is connected to the side discharge port, a side discharge valve is provided on the side discharge pipeline, the lower discharge pipeline is connected to the lower discharge port, a lower discharge valve is provided on the lower discharge pipeline, one end of the primary filtration pipeline is connected to the filtrate port, and the other end is connected to the filtrate storage tank, and a filtrate valve is provided on the primary filtration pipeline.

[0032] In an optional embodiment, there are 2-6 filtrate ports, and each of the filtrate ports is provided with the filter;

[0033] Preferably, the filter is a metal filter, a non-metal filter or a fiber filter.

[0034] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for both solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery, which is performed using an integrated device for both solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery as described in any of the aforementioned embodiments, the method comprising:

[0035] (1) Preliminary filtration: The high-water-content material is fed into the vacuum tank through the feeding mechanism, the side discharge port, the lower discharge port and the back-flushing mechanism are closed, the filtrate port is opened, and the driving motor is started. The spiral blade rotates and drives the high-water-content material in the vacuum tank to rotate and lift. During the feeding process, the external moisture in the high-water-content material is discharged from the filtrate port;

[0036] (2) Vacuum drying: After the feeding is completed, the feed port and the filtrate port are closed, the heating mechanism is turned on to heat the vacuum tank, and the vacuum mechanism is turned on to evacuate the vacuum tank, so that the water adsorbed by the high-water-content material and the internal water in the capillary tube are vaporized and released;

[0037] (3) discharging: after the vacuum dewatering is finished, the vacuum mechanism is closed, the side discharge port, the lower discharge port, the vacuum port, the filtrate port and the back flushing mechanism are opened, the back flushing mechanism is used to back flush the filter of the filtrate port and make the dried material in the vacuum tank in a suspended fluidized state, the screw blade continuously rotates, the light component residual carbon and fine material in the dried material are discharged from the side discharge port, and the heavy component and coarse material are discharged from the lower discharge port.

[0038] In the optional embodiment, the water content of the high water content material is less than or equal to 70%;

[0039] Preferably, when the water content of the high water content material is greater than 70%, the integrated device with solid-liquid separation and residual carbon separation and recovery is further provided with a solid-liquid separation device before the integrated device, and the high water content material is first treated by the solid-liquid separation device to have a water content of less than or equal to 70% and then enters the integrated device.

[0040] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present application include, for example:

[0041] The integrated device with solid-liquid separation and residual carbon separation and recovery provided by the present application first uses the screw blade to disperse the material and discharge the external water from the filtrate port, and then according to the principle that the water boiling point decreases with the pressure reduction, the liquid-containing material is heated and warmed at the same time that the space pressure in the closed space of the treated material is reduced to form a negative pressure, so that the water on the surface of the material and the internal water in the voids of the material vaporize to achieve the purpose of efficient removal of water. The dried and dewatered material is in a suspended fluidized state under the dual action of the back flushing gas and the screw blade, so as to realize the separation and recycling of the light and heavy components after drying. Among them, the light component residual carbon and fine material in the dried material are discharged from the side discharge port, and the heavy component and coarse material are discharged from the lower discharge port. The implementation of the technology can realize the recycling of the light component residual carbon in the gasification filter cake, so that the carbon content in the side discharge material is increased from 20-40% to 50-70%, the residual carbon resource in the filter cake is greatly recycled, the purpose of "solid-liquid separation + residual carbon separation" of the gasification filter cake is realized on a set of equipment, the process flow is shortened, and the equipment investment, operation cost and labor intensity are greatly reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0042] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present application, and therefore should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0043] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an integrated device for solid-liquid separation and residual carbon separation and recovery provided by the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the vacuum tank body in the integrated device for solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery provided by the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Icons: 100-Integrated device for solid-liquid separation and residual carbon separation and recovery; 110-Vacuum tank body; 111-Vacuum tank; 112-Drive motor; 113-Spiral blade; 114-Feeding port; 115-Side discharge port; 116-Lower discharge port; 117-Vacuum outlet; 118-Filtrate outlet; 119-Filter; 120-Feeding mechanism; 121-Feeding hopper; 122-Feeding pipeline; 123-Feeding valve; 130-Heating mechanism; 131-Heat source inlet; 132-Heat source wall; 133- Heat source outlet; 140-vacuum mechanism; 141-vacuum tube; 142-vacuum pump; 143-heat exchanger; 144-gas-liquid separation tank; 145-condensate tank; 150-backflush mechanism; 151-backflush pipeline; 152-first backflush branch line; 153-second backflush branch line; 154-backflush valve; 160-discharge mechanism; 161-side discharge pipeline; 162-lower discharge pipeline; 163-primary filtration pipeline; 164-filtrate storage tank; 165-side discharge valve; 166-lower discharge valve; 167-filtrate valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0047] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but rather merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings.

[0049] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or is the orientation or position relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0050] In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc., if used, are merely used to distinguish and describe, and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0051] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other.

[0052] First embodiment

[0053] See also Figure 1 This embodiment provides an integrated device 100 for both solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery, including a vacuum tank body 110, a feeding mechanism 120, a heating mechanism 130, a vacuum mechanism 140, a back-blowing mechanism 150 and a discharging mechanism 160.

[0054] Next, the specific structures and connection methods of the vacuum tank body 110, the feeding mechanism 120, the heating mechanism 130, the vacuum mechanism 140, the back-blowing mechanism 150 and the discharging mechanism 160 are respectively described.

[0055] (1) Vacuum tank main body 110.

[0056] See also Figure 2 The vacuum tank body 110 serves as the main operating container for solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery, and includes a vacuum tank 111, a drive motor 112 and a spiral blade 113. The drive motor 112 is installed on the top of the vacuum tank 111 and connected to the spiral blade 113. The spiral blade 113 is arranged in the vacuum tank 111.

[0057] In this embodiment, the spiral blade 113 includes a blade that rotates counterclockwise from top to bottom, and the running direction of the spiral blade 113 is clockwise; the upper part of the vacuum tank 111 is cylindrical and the lower part is conical. The upper diameter of the spiral blade 113 is the same, and the lower diameter gradually decreases. The edge of the spiral blade 113 is close to the inner wall of the vacuum tank 111 and is arranged at intervals; the pitch of the spiral blade 113 is 20-200mm; the speed of the spiral controller is 10-200rpm.

[0058] In this embodiment, the driving motor 112 is used to control the rotation of the spiral blade 113. During the rotation process, the spiral blade 113 can drive the material to rotate and lift it from bottom to top. After being lifted to the top of the spiral blade 113, it is thrown to the surroundings by gravity and falls to the bottom of the vacuum tank 111. It is then lifted by the spiral blade 113 and the cycle continues. Therefore, at this time, the spiral blade 113 serves as a device for rotating, lifting and throwing the material.

[0059] The vacuum tank 111 is provided with a feed port 114, a side discharge port 115, a lower discharge port 116, a vacuum port 117 and a filtrate port 118. The vacuum port 117 and the filtrate port 118 are both provided with a filter 119. Among them, the feed port 114 is provided at the side top of the vacuum tank 111, the side discharge port 115 is provided at the upper side of the vacuum tank 111, the lower discharge port 116 is provided at the bottom of the vacuum tank 111, the vacuum port 117 is provided at the side top of the vacuum tank 111, and the filtrate port 118 is provided at the bottom side of the vacuum tank 111. By opening multiple ports on the vacuum tank 111, the entry and exit of materials are achieved.

[0060] (2) Feeding mechanism 120.

[0061] See also Figure 1 The feeding mechanism 120 is connected to the feed port 114 of the vacuum tank 111 for conveying the water-containing material into the vacuum tank 111 .

[0062] The feeding mechanism 120 includes a feeding hopper 121, a feeding pipeline 122 and a feeding valve 123. One end of the feeding pipeline 122 is connected to the feeding hopper 121, and the other end is connected to the vacuum tank 111. The feeding valve 123 is arranged on the feeding pipeline 122; the feeding condition of the feeding hopper 121 can be controlled by the feeding valve 123.

[0063] In this embodiment, there are one or more feeding mechanisms 120 and vacuum tank body 110, and the connection method of the feeding mechanism 120 and the vacuum tank body 110 can be determined according to actual conditions. For example, in some embodiments, one feeding mechanism 120 can be connected to multiple vacuum tank bodies 110, so that one feeding mechanism 120 can simultaneously transport materials to multiple vacuum tank bodies 110. Preferably, one feeding structure can be connected to two vacuum tank bodies 110 at the same time. In some other embodiments, one vacuum tank body 110 is connected to multiple feeding mechanisms 120, so that multiple feeding mechanisms 120 can simultaneously transport materials into one vacuum tank body 110. Preferably, one vacuum tank body 110 can be connected to 1-2 feeding mechanisms 120 at the same time.

[0064] (3) Heating mechanism 130.

[0065] See also Figure 1The heating mechanism 130 is arranged on the outer wall or inner wall of the vacuum tank 111 to heat the vacuum tank 111.

[0066] The heating mechanism 130 can have various forms as long as it can heat the vacuum tank 111. In this embodiment, a typical but non-limiting example is listed, the heating mechanism 130 includes a heat source inlet 131, a heat source wall 132 and a heat source outlet 133, the heat source wall 132 is arranged on the outer wall or inner wall of the vacuum tank 111, and the heat source wall 132 is in communication with the heat source inlet 131 and the heat source outlet 133 on both sides.

[0067] The heat source enters the heat source wall 132 through the heat source inlet 131, the heat source wall 132 is in contact with the vacuum tank 111, thereby providing heat for the vacuum tank 111, and the heat source after heat exchange is discharged from the heat source outlet 133. In this embodiment, the heat source wall 132 can be a coil or a hollow chamber, for example; a heat insulation layer (not shown in the figure) is arranged on the outer wall of the heat source wall 132; to ensure the maximum efficiency of the heat source.

[0068] The heat source in the heat source wall 132 includes at least one of steam, hot water, heat conducting oil, electric heating plate, flue gas, factory exhaust steam and condensate. The temperature of the heat source can be between 80-300℃, and preferably, the temperature of the heat source can be selected between 100-200℃.

[0069] (4) Vacuum mechanism 140.

[0070] Please refer to Figure 1 The vacuum mechanism 140 is in communication with the vacuum port 117 of the vacuum tank 111 to vacuumize the vacuum tank 111.

[0071] The vacuum mechanism 140 includes a vacuum pipe 141, a vacuum pump 142, a heat exchanger 143, a gas-liquid separation tank 144 and a condensate tank 145, one end of the vacuum pipe 141 is in communication with the vacuum port 117, and the other end is in communication with the heat exchanger 143, the vacuum pump 142 is arranged on the vacuum pipe 141, the outlet end of the heat exchanger 143 is in communication with the gas-liquid separation tank 144, and the condensate port of the gas-liquid separation tank 144 is in communication with the condensate tank 145.

[0072] The vacuum pump 142 vacuums the gas in the vacuum tank 111 to ensure the vacuum degree in the vacuum tank 111. The extracted water vapor first passes through the heat exchanger 143 to exchange heat and condense, and then enters the gas-liquid separation tank 144 for separation, the gas is discharged through the gas discharge pipe at the top of the gas-liquid separation tank 144, and the condensate enters the condensate tank 145 through the condensate discharge pipeline for collection.

[0073] (5) Blowback mechanism 150.

[0074] Please refer to Figure 1The back-flushing mechanism 150 is respectively connected to the vacuum port 117 and the filtrate port 118 for back-flushing the filter 119 to prevent clogging and at the same time making the material in the vacuum tank 111 in a suspended fluidized state.

[0075] In this embodiment, the backflush mechanism 150 includes a backflush pipeline 151, a first backflush branch line 152, a second backflush branch line 153 and a backflush valve 154. The backflush pipeline 151 is connected to the first backflush branch line 152 and the second backflush branch line 153 at the same time. The first backflush branch line 152 is connected to the vacuum port 117, and the second backflush branch line 153 is connected to the filtrate port 118. The backflush valve 154 is arranged on the backflush pipeline 151; preferably, the flow rate of the backflush gas in the backflush pipeline 151 is 5m / s to 30m / s.

[0076] The backflush mechanism 150 operates during the discharge process. At this time, the vacuum pump 142 is stopped and the backflush mechanism 150 is started. The backflush mechanism 150 can not only backflush the filter 119 of the vacuum port 117 and the filter 119 of the filtrate port 118, but also effectively prevent the filter 119 from clogging during long-term operation. At the same time, when backflushing the filter 119 of the filtrate port 118, the gas passing through the filter 119 can suspend and fluidize the dried material in the vacuum tank 111, prevent bottom clogging, and promote the discharge of the material in the vacuum tank 111 to the bottom and side. More importantly, the degree of suspension and fluidization of the material in the tank is controlled by bottom backflush and the speed adjustment of the spiral controller, and then the light and heavy components of the dried material are separated through the lower discharge port 116 and the side discharge port 115. The backflush medium includes but is not limited to factory air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, etc.

[0077] (6) Discharging mechanism 160

[0078] See also Figure 1 The discharge mechanism 160 is respectively connected to the side discharge port 115 , the lower discharge port 116 and the filtrate port 118 for discharging the material in the vacuum tank 111 .

[0079] The discharge mechanism 160 includes a side discharge pipeline 161, a lower discharge pipeline 162, a primary filtration pipeline 163 and a filtrate storage tank 164. The side discharge pipeline 161 is connected to the side discharge port 115, and a side discharge valve 165 is provided on the side discharge pipeline 161. The lower discharge pipeline 162 is connected to the lower discharge port 116, and a lower discharge valve 166 is provided on the lower discharge pipeline 162. One end of the primary filtration pipeline 163 is connected to the filtrate port 118, and the other end is connected to the filtrate storage tank 164. A filtrate valve 167 is provided on the primary filtration pipeline 163.

[0080] In this embodiment, multiple discharge ports are provided to separate the materials for sorting. Side discharge port 115 is used to discharge light carbon residue and fine material, while lower discharge port 116 is used to discharge heavy components and coarse material. By suspending the dried material, light and heavy components are separated, increasing the carbon content of the material discharged from side discharge port 115 from 20-40% to 50-70%, significantly recovering the residual carbon in the filter cake.

[0081] In this embodiment, there are 2-6 filtrate ports 118, and each filtrate port 118 is provided with a filter 119; preferably, the filter 119 is a metal filter disc, a non-metal filter disc or a fiber filter disc.

[0082] Second embodiment

[0083] The present invention provides a method for both solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery, which is performed using the integrated device 100 for both solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery provided in the first embodiment. The method includes:

[0084] (1) Preliminary filtration: The high-water-content material is fed into the vacuum tank 111 through the feeding mechanism 120, the side discharge port 115, the lower discharge port 116 and the back-flushing mechanism 150 are closed, the filtrate port 118 is opened, and the drive motor 112 is started. The spiral blade 113 rotates and drives the high-water-content material in the vacuum tank 111 to rotate and lift. During the feeding process, the external moisture in the high-water-content material is discharged from the filtrate port 118.

[0085] Specifically, high-water-content materials enter vacuum tank 111 from feed hopper 121 through feed line 122 and feed valve 123. During the feeding process, side discharge valve 165 and lower discharge valve 166 are closed, filtrate valve 167 is opened, backflush valve 154 on backflush line 151 is closed, and the drive motor 112 is powered on. Spiral blades 113 begin to operate, stirring and rotating the material entering vacuum tank 111. After it reaches the top of spiral blades 113, it is thrown out by gravity to the bottom of vacuum tank 111 and then lifted by spiral blades 113, repeating the cycle. During the feeding process, a large amount of external moisture in the material is removed through filtrate valve 167 and the filtrate line into the filtrate tank for collection and reuse. The material is initially filtered by the bottom filtration system of this step.

[0086] (2) Vacuum drying: After the feeding is completed, the feed port 114 and the filtrate port 118 are closed, the heating mechanism 130 is turned on to heat the vacuum tank 111, and the vacuum mechanism 140 is turned on to evacuate the vacuum tank 111. On the one hand, the pressure in the vacuum tank 111 is reduced, and after the vacuum environment is formed, the moisture adsorbed by the material and the internal water in the capillary tube are vaporized and released, achieving the purpose of drying and dehydrating the material. The water vapor extracted during the vacuum process is condensed by the heat exchanger 143 and then enters the gas-liquid separation tank 144 for separation. The gas is discharged through the gas discharge pipe at the top of the gas-liquid separation tank 144, and the condensate is collected by the condensate discharge line into the condensate tank 145. According to the degree of drying and dehydration required for the material, the vacuum system and the heating system are kept running, and the material in the vacuum tank 111 is continuously vacuum dried and dehydrated.

[0087] (3) Discharging: After vacuum drying and dehydration, the vacuum pump 142 and the vacuum valve of the vacuum mechanism 140 are closed, and the side discharge port 115, the lower discharge port 116, the vacuum port, the filtrate port 118 and the back-flushing mechanism 150 are opened. The back-flushing mechanism 150 back-flushes the top filter 119 and the bottom filter 119 to prevent the filter 119 from being blocked during the continuous operation of the device. At the same time, the back-flushing mechanism 150 back-flushes the filter 119 toward the filtrate port 118 and puts the dried material in the vacuum tank 111 into a suspended fluidized state. The spiral blade 113 rotates continuously, and the speed of the spiral mechanism is controlled to achieve the separation of light and heavy components of the dried material. Among them, the light component residual carbon and fine materials in the dried material are discharged from the side discharge port 115, and the heavy components and coarse materials are discharged from the lower discharge port 116. The implementation of this technology can realize the recovery of light component residual carbon in the gasification filter cake, and increase the carbon content in the side-out material from 20-40% to 50-70%, greatly recovering the residual carbon resources in the filter cake, and realizing the purpose of "solid-liquid separation + residual carbon sorting" of the gasification filter cake on a set of equipment, shortening the process flow, and greatly reducing equipment investment, operating costs and labor intensity.

[0088] In this embodiment, the preliminary filtration step mainly realizes the preliminary solid-liquid separation of the material, while vacuum drying can realize deep solid-liquid separation. The technical principle of deep separation and dehydration is as follows: the vacuum tank 111 is heated by the bottom heat source wall 132 to increase the temperature of the material in the vacuum tank 111, and the vacuum pump 142 is started to evacuate the vacuum tank 111 at the same time. Combined with the relationship between the boiling point of water and the vacuum degree, under vacuum conditions, the boiling point of water is lowered, so that the moisture adsorbed by the material and the internal water in the capillary tube are vaporized and released, thereby achieving the purpose of drying and dehydrating the material. In particular, when the temperature of the material in the vacuum tank 111 is raised to above 100°C, the vacuum drying and dehydration of the material is more efficient.

[0089] The integrated device 100 for both solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery provided in this embodiment is an intermittent batch processing device. After discharge is completed, backflush valve 154, side discharge valve 165, and lower discharge valve 166 are closed, and filtrate valve 167 and feed valve 123 are opened to continue feeding the vacuum tank 111, and the system enters the feed filtration stage. This process is repeated in a cycle, achieving the continuous vacuum drying and dehydration and material sorting and utilization functions of the present invention.

[0090] When the water content of the high-water-content material is less than or equal to 70%; preferably, when the water content of the high-water-content material is greater than 70%, a common solid-liquid separation device on the market is also provided before the integrated device 100 for both solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery. The high-water-content material is first processed by the solid-liquid separation device to a water content of less than 70%, and then enters the integrated device 100 for both solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery, thereby realizing the coupled use of traditional technology and new technology.

[0091] To address the need for water removal and separation of liquid materials, the present invention designs an integrated device 100 that combines vacuum, heating, and suspended fluidization for both solid-liquid separation and residual carbon separation and recovery. This device avoids the operational and single-function limitations of conventional belt filters, plate-and-frame filter presses, and plate-and-frame vacuum dryers. Furthermore, the present invention offers the following advantages:

[0092] (1) Based on the principle that pressure reduction lowers the boiling point of water, the present invention heats the liquid-containing material while reducing the spatial pressure in the closed space where the material is being processed, forming a negative pressure, causing the moisture carried on the surface of the material and the internal water in the gaps of the material to undergo phase change and vaporize, thereby achieving the purpose of efficient water removal.

[0093] (2) The present invention can technically transform the problem of high moisture content of the discharged materials of conventional belt filters and plate and frame filters that are currently prevalent on the market at a low cost. There is no need to dismantle or modify the original device. The material is fed into the device of the present invention to achieve deep dehydration and drying of the material (the moisture content can be deeply removed by 20-30 percentage points).

[0094] (3) The present invention designs a vacuum drying and dehydration device that combines material suspension and fluidization separation. This device is simple and has few components. It eliminates a large number of components such as high-pressure plates and frames (heating plates, pressing plates), diaphragms, and filter cloths used in conventional dehydration and drying (this device does not require filter plates and diaphragms). At the same time, it utilizes the suspension and fluidization effect of back-blowing air and spiral blades to achieve separation and recycling of light and heavy components after drying.

[0095] (4) The filter 119 used in the device of the present invention can be a metal or non-metal filter screen or filter disc, fiber filter or other types of filter devices, and back-flushing is performed during each batch of material discharge, which can effectively prevent the filter 119 from being blocked. At present, conventional material dehydration devices, whether they are vacuum belt filters, plate and frame filter presses or vacuum plate and frame filter presses, have the problem of filter cloths, diaphragms, and filter plates being damaged and needing to be replaced. The service life of spare parts is short, and operation and maintenance are complicated. Therefore, another advantage of the device of the present invention is that it eliminates the need for spare parts maintenance during operation. While increasing the sorting function, it simplifies the configuration of conventional vacuum dehydration and drying devices, and at the same time achieves a significant reduction in the operation and maintenance costs of the device.

[0096] (5) The present invention directly heats the material in the tank by using a coil or a cavity on the inner wall or outer wall of the vacuum tank 111, which has high thermal efficiency and low heating energy consumption. It can save the hot water tank, hot water pump, squeezing pump and other facilities of the conventional device, greatly reducing the investment and operation costs of the device. At the same time, the project occupies a small area and has no other auxiliary facilities except the vacuum system. It is very suitable for the technical transformation of old plants or existing devices.

[0097] (6) The heat source used in the present invention can be diversified, including but not limited to steam, hot water, thermal oil, electric heating plates, flue gas, factory exhaust steam, condensate, etc. In general operating factories, there is a lot of hot water and condensate at 70-100°C or steam and flue gas at higher temperatures. This part of the heat source has no utilization and recycling value in many factories, so most of it is discharged on site. This patented technology can use this type of heat source to heat liquid-containing waste solids, effectively recycle the heat source, and improve energy utilization.

[0098] (7) The present invention realizes the up and down tumbling of the dried material in the vacuum tank 111 through the spiral lifting and sprinkling device (spiral blades) in the tank. Under the vacuum environment in the tank, the drying heat transfer area on the surface of the material is increased, the material is heated evenly, and the drying efficiency and effect are significantly higher than the static dehydration effect in the plate and frame extrusion chamber.

[0099] (8) The present invention achieves full sealing during the dehydration process, ensures the vacuum degree and temperature of the hopper, and improves the vacuum and heating drying effects (the upper part of the conventional vacuum belt filter is open and the vacuum effect is poor).

[0100] (9) For certain materials with high moisture content (e.g., water content greater than 70%), the present invention can configure a low-cost solid-liquid separation device (currently very common in the market) in front of the device of the present invention to first treat the moisture content of the material to below 70%, and then enter the device of this technology for deep drying and dehydration, thereby realizing the coupling use of traditional technology and new technology.

[0101] (10) The present invention can adjust the moisture content of the material according to the user's needs by controlling the heat source amount, heat source temperature, vacuum time, etc., so as to achieve adjustable and controllable material drying.

[0102] (11) Compared with the traditional process, the technology of the present invention strengthens the deep dehydration and drying of materials. On the one hand, it recovers a large amount of water and saves water resources; on the other hand, it realizes the sorting and utilization of dried materials on the same equipment. For the gasification filter cake, the resource utilization of the gasification filter cake is realized by recovering the residual carbon in the filter cake. The sorted high-carbon filter cake can be sold, sent to the boiler as power coal, or used as raw material for making coke, lignite, and activated carbon. It solves the current situation that the gasification filter cake can only be sent to the slag field for landfill on a large scale, saving energy.

[0103] In summary, the integrated device 100 provided by the present invention for both solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery first uses the spiral blades 113 to disperse the material and discharge the external water from the filtrate port 118. Then, based on the principle of pressure reduction and lowering of the boiling point of water, the liquid-containing material is heated and heated while reducing the spatial pressure in the closed space where the material is being processed, forming a negative pressure, so that the moisture carried on the surface of the material and the internal water in the gaps of the material undergo phase change and vaporization, thereby achieving the purpose of efficient water removal. The dried and dehydrated material is in a suspended fluidized state under the dual action of the backflush gas and the spiral blades 113, realizing the separation and recycling of light and heavy components after drying. Among them, the light component residual carbon and fine materials in the dried material are discharged from the side discharge port 115, and the heavy components and coarse materials are discharged from the lower discharge port 116. The implementation of this technology can realize the recovery of light component residual carbon in the gasification filter cake, and increase the carbon content in the side-out material from 20-40% to 50-70%, greatly recovering the residual carbon resources in the filter cake, and realizing the purpose of "solid-liquid separation + residual carbon sorting" of the gasification filter cake on a set of equipment, shortening the process flow, and greatly reducing equipment investment, operating costs and labor intensity.

[0104] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. An integrated device for solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery, characterized in that: It includes a vacuum tank body, a feeding mechanism, a heating mechanism, a vacuum mechanism, a back-blowing mechanism and a discharging mechanism; The vacuum tank body includes a vacuum tank, a drive motor and a spiral blade, the drive motor is installed on the top of the vacuum tank and connected to the spiral blade, the spiral blade is arranged in the vacuum tank, the vacuum tank is provided with a feed port, a side discharge port, a lower discharge port, a vacuum port and a filtrate port, and the vacuum port and the filtrate port are both provided with a filter; The feeding mechanism is connected with the feeding port of the vacuum tank and is used to transport the water-containing material into the vacuum tank. The heating mechanism is arranged on the outer wall or the inner wall of the vacuum tank and is used to heat the vacuum tank. The vacuum mechanism is connected with the vacuum port of the vacuum tank and is used to vacuum the vacuum tank. The discharging mechanism is respectively connected with the side discharge port, the lower discharge port and the filtrate port and is used to discharge the material in the vacuum tank. The back-blowing mechanism is respectively connected with the vacuum port and the filtrate port and is used to back-blow the filter to prevent clogging and make the material in the vacuum tank in a suspended fluidized state. The back-blowing mechanism includes a back-blowing pipeline, a first back-blowing branch line, a second back-blowing branch line and a back-blowing valve. The backflush pipeline is connected to the first backflush branch line and the second backflush branch line at the same time, the first backflush branch line is connected to the vacuum port, the second backflush branch line is connected to the filtrate port, and the backflush valve is arranged on the backflush pipeline; the flow rate of the backflush gas in the backflush pipeline is 5m / s to 30m / s; the discharging mechanism includes a side discharge pipeline, a lower discharge pipeline, a primary filtration pipeline and a filtrate storage tank, the side discharge pipeline is connected to the side discharge port, a side discharge valve is arranged on the side discharge pipeline, the lower discharge pipeline is connected to the lower discharge port, a lower discharge valve is arranged on the lower discharge pipeline, one end of the primary filtration pipeline is connected to the filtrate port, and the other end is connected to the filtrate storage tank, and a filtrate valve is arranged on the primary filtration pipeline.

2. The integrated device for solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The spiral blade includes a blade that rotates counterclockwise from top to bottom, and the running direction of the spiral blade is clockwise.

3. The integrated device for solid-liquid separation and residual carbon separation and recovery according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The upper part of the vacuum tank is cylindrical and the lower part is conical. The upper part of the spiral blades has the same diameter and the lower part has a gradually decreasing diameter. The edges of the spiral blades are close to the inner wall of the vacuum tank and are arranged at intervals.

4. The integrated device for solid-liquid separation and residual carbon separation and recovery according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The pitch of the spiral blade is 20-200 mm.

5. The integrated device for solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The controller of the spiral blade has a rotation speed of 10-200 rpm.

6. The integrated device for solid-liquid separation and residual carbon separation and recovery according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The feeding mechanism includes a feeding hopper, a feeding pipeline and a feeding valve. One end of the feeding pipeline is connected to the feeding hopper, and the other end is connected to the vacuum tank. The feeding valve is arranged on the feeding pipeline.

7. The integrated device for solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery according to claim 6 is characterized in that: There is at least one feeding mechanism and at least one vacuum tank body. One feeding mechanism is connected to multiple vacuum tank bodies, and one vacuum tank body is connected to multiple feeding mechanisms.

8. The integrated device for solid-liquid separation and residual carbon separation and recovery according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The heating mechanism includes a heat source inlet, a heat source wall and a heat source outlet. The heat source wall is installed on the outer wall or the inner wall of the vacuum tank. Both sides of the heat source wall are connected to the heat source inlet and the heat source outlet respectively.

9. The integrated device for solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery according to claim 8, characterized in that: The heat source wall is a coil or an airtight chamber.

10. The integrated device for solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery according to claim 8, characterized in that: A thermal insulation layer is provided on the outer wall of the heat source wall.

11. The integrated device for solid-liquid separation and residual carbon separation and recovery according to claim 8, characterized in that: The heat source in the heat source wall includes at least one of steam, hot water, thermal oil, electric heating plate, flue gas, factory exhaust steam and condensate.

12. The integrated device for solid-liquid separation and residual carbon separation and recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vacuum mechanism includes a vacuum tube, a vacuum pump, a heat exchanger, a gas-liquid separation tank and a condensate tank. One end of the vacuum tube is connected to the vacuum port, and the other end is connected to the heat exchanger. The vacuum pump is arranged on the vacuum tube. The outlet end of the heat exchanger is connected to the gas-liquid separation tank, and the condensate port of the gas-liquid separation tank is connected to the condensate tank.

13. The integrated device for solid-liquid separation and residual carbon separation and recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are 2 to 6 filtrate ports, and each of the filtrate ports is provided with the filter.

14. The integrated device for solid-liquid separation and residual carbon separation and recovery according to claim 13, characterized in that: The filter is a metal filter disc, a non-metal filter disc or a fiber filter disc.

15. A method for both solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery, characterized in that: The method is carried out using an integrated device for solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery as described in any one of claims 1 to 14, and the method comprises: (1) Preliminary filtration: The high-water-content material is fed into the vacuum tank through the feeding mechanism, the side discharge port, the lower discharge port and the back-flushing mechanism are closed, the filtrate port is opened, and the driving motor is started. The spiral blade rotates and drives the high-water-content material in the vacuum tank to rotate and lift. During the feeding process, the external moisture in the high-water-content material is discharged from the filtrate port; (2) Vacuum drying: After the feeding is completed, the feed port and the filtrate port are closed, the heating mechanism is turned on to heat the vacuum tank, and the vacuum mechanism is turned on to evacuate the vacuum tank. The water adsorbed by the high-water-content material and the internal water in the capillary tube are vaporized and released; (3) Discharging: After vacuum drying and dehydration is completed, the vacuum mechanism is closed, and the side discharge port, the lower discharge port, the vacuum port, the filtrate port and the back-flushing mechanism are opened. The second back-flushing branch line of the back-flushing mechanism back-flushes the filter toward the filtrate port and places the dried material in the vacuum tank in a suspended fluidized state. The spiral blades rotate continuously, so that the light component residual carbon and fine materials in the dried material are discharged from the side discharge port, and the heavy component and coarse materials are discharged from the lower discharge port.

16. The method for both solid-liquid separation and residual carbon separation and recovery according to claim 15, characterized in that: When the water content of the high-water-content material is greater than 70%, a solid-liquid separation device is provided before the integrated device for both solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery. The high-water-content material is first processed by the solid-liquid separation device until the water content is below 70%, and then enters the integrated device for both solid-liquid separation and residual carbon sorting and recovery.

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