Reactor for treating low-value waste plastics

Abstract

The invention discloses a reactor for treating low-value waste plastics. The reactor comprises an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder and a remote control module, an inner cylinder with sieve pores is sleeved in the outer cylinder; the two ends of the outer cylinder and the two ends of the inner cylinder are connected through end covers and bolts at the two ends of the outer cylinder. A feeding hole, a slag outlet and an exhaust hole are respectively formed in the outer cylinder; the inner wall of the outer cylinder is connected with a clamping groove in the outer wall of the inner cylinder through a partition plate on the outer cylinder to form a pyrolysis section; a feeding rod with a cleaning part is arranged on the inner wall of the inner cylinder in the radial direction; the two ends of the feeding rod are connected with flanges at the two ends of the outer cylinder through bearing seats; a bearing seat at one end of the feeding rod is connected with a driving unit; the driving unit is wirelessly connected with the remote control module; according to the reactor, continuous and stable plastic pyrolysis treatment can be realized, low-value plastic is converted into available petrochemical energy, and energy conservation, consumption reduction, environmental protection and income creation are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to plastic pyrolysis technology, and in particular relates to a reactor for treating low-value waste plastics. Background Art

[0002] The pollution control of waste plastics is imminent, and we should comprehensively promote the reduction of plastic sources, material substitution, standardized recycling and recycling. Although physical recycling is the main method in the waste plastic recycling industry, it is mainly suitable for plastic waste with single quality and high cleanliness, and the technology and market are relatively mature. However, there are still a large number of low-value mixed plastics in my country that cannot be physically recycled and can only be incinerated, landfilled or even leaked into the environment. The pyrolysis process can centrally recycle various waste plastics and even waste plastics stored in landfills or in nature, while reducing the consumption of primary resources such as petroleum. However, the traditional kettle pyrolysis device cannot achieve continuous operation, resulting in disordered emissions. At present, the new pyrolysis devices include rotary kilns, solid heat carrier circulating fluidized beds, catalytic countercurrent beds and other devices, which also face uneven heat transfer or poor heat transfer performance of the reactor, resulting in uneven heating of the logistics, resulting in coking of the cracking materials, affecting the complete and continuous effective realization of the pyrolysis process.

[0003] In view of the low thermal conductivity, low thermal efficiency and easy melting of mixed waste plastics, which lead to discontinuous operation, a suspended continuous pyrolysis device was developed to solve the coking problem caused by uneven heat transfer of the equipment and heating of the materials, thus affecting the continuous operation of the equipment. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the difficulties in the prior art, the present invention provides a reactor for treating low-value waste plastics. The reactor can realize continuous and stable plastic pyrolysis treatment, convert low-value plastics into usable petrochemical energy, achieve energy saving and consumption reduction, and create income through environmental protection.

[0005] In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A reactor for treating low-value waste plastics, the reactor comprising an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder and a remote control module; the outer cylinder is sleeved within the inner cylinder; the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are bolted to the two ends of the outer cylinder through end covers; the outer cylinder is respectively provided with a feed port, a slag outlet and an exhaust hole, characterized in that: the inner wall of the outer cylinder is connected to the outer wall groove of the inner cylinder through a partition thereon to form a pyrolysis section; a feed rod with a cleaning portion is radially provided on the inner wall of the inner cylinder; the two ends of the feed rod are flange-connected to the two ends of the outer cylinder through a bearing seat; a reducer is connected to the bearing seat at one end of the feed rod; the reducer is arranged on the drive unit, and the drive unit is wirelessly connected to the remote control module, wherein:

[0007] The pyrolysis section is composed of a first reaction zone, a second reaction zone and a third reaction zone; the first reaction zone is provided with a circulating air duct; the second reaction zone and the third reaction zone are both provided with a first heat conductor and a second electric heat conductor; wherein:

[0008] The circulating air duct is composed of a first air control mechanism and a second air control mechanism; the first air control mechanism and the second air control mechanism are both composed of a fan, a drive unit and an exhaust pipe; both ends of the exhaust pipe are connected to the pyrolysis section; the exhaust pipe is connected to a fan; the fan is arranged on the drive unit, and the drive unit is wirelessly connected to the remote control module.

[0009] Furthermore, the exhaust pipe is a C-shaped structure.

[0010] Furthermore, the pyrolysis process comprises:

[0011] The material is sent to the first reaction zone from the feed port, and the temperature of the first reaction zone is maintained at 100°C to 120°C by controlling the fan 1 through the driving unit to perform deep dehydration of the material;

[0012] The second reaction zone is heated by the first electric heat conductor 181 and hot air coupling to maintain the temperature at 170°C to 190°C. At this time, the material in this zone is in a molten state.

[0013] The third reaction zone controls the second electric heat conductor 182 to 400°C-500°C, pyrolyzes the molten material into gaseous state and discharges it from the exhaust hole, and the waste residue that cannot be pyrolyzed is discharged from the slag outlet;

[0014] The cleaning portion is arranged on one axial side of the feed rod; and an arc-shaped spiral blade is arranged on the other axial side of the feed rod.

[0015] Furthermore, the cleaning part is a scraper with sharp teeth; a steel brush is provided on the scraper.

[0016] The inner cylinder is composed of a first cylinder and a second cylinder; the first cylinder is arranged in the first reaction zone; a sieve hole is arranged on the first cylinder; the second cylinder is arranged in the second reaction zone and the third reaction zone.

[0017] Furthermore, the inner cylinder is made of heat-conductive ceramic material.

[0018] Beneficial Effects

[0019] 1. The present invention adopts a double-barrel, dual-function spiral feeding mechanism design to fix the material reaction temperature in the central area. While feeding, it can clean the initial coke and adapt to the changes in thermal expansion and contraction of the barrel through the steel wire brush at the elastic end, always maintaining contact with the barrel wall.

[0020] 2. The present invention forms an "air film" through circulating wind to reduce the contact between the material and the cylinder wall, reduce coking due to uneven heating, and finally achieve continuous and stable operation of waste plastic pyrolysis.

[0021] 3. The present invention solves the coking problem caused by uneven heat transfer of the equipment and heating of the material, thereby ensuring the continuous operation of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a reactor for treating low-value waste plastics according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a structural cross-sectional diagram of a reactor for treating low-value waste plastics according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a side view of the structure of a reactor for treating low-value waste plastics in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the dual-function feeding rod in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a structural side view of the dual-function feeding rod in the present invention. Description of the drawings:

[0028] 101 outer cylinder, (101a, 101b) partition, 103 exhaust pipe, 131 first air control mechanism, 132 second air control mechanism, 104 pyrolysis section, 141 reaction zone 1, 142 reaction zone 2, 143 reaction zone 3, 151 fan, 106 feed port, 107 slag outlet, 181 first electric heat conductor, 182 second electric heat conductor, 109 exhaust hole; 201 inner cylinder, (201a, 201b) end cover, (202a, 202b) slot, 203 cleaning part, 204 feed rod, (205a, 206b) bearing seat, 261 reducer, 206 drive unit, 207 steel brush, 208 blade, 209 sieve hole, 211 first cylinder, 212 second cylinder, remote control module 301 DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following is combined with Figure 1 ~Attached Figure 5 The present invention is described as follows:

[0030] like Figure 1As shown, the present invention provides a reactor for treating low-value waste plastics, the reactor comprising an outer cylinder 101, an inner cylinder 201 and a remote control module 301; the inner cylinder 201 is sleeved inside the outer cylinder 101; the outer cylinder 101 is respectively provided with a feed port 106, a slag outlet 107 and an exhaust hole 109. The two ends of the inner cylinder 201 are bolted to the two ends of the outer cylinder 101 through end covers (201a, 201b); the inner wall of the outer cylinder 101 is connected to the outer wall of the inner cylinder (202a, 202b) through the partitions (101a, 101b) thereon to form a pyrolysis section 104; as shown Figure 2 As shown, the pyrolysis section is composed of a first reaction zone 141, a second reaction zone 142 and a third reaction zone 143; the first reaction zone 141 is provided with a first wind control mechanism 131 and a second wind control mechanism 132; the second reaction zone 142 and the third reaction zone 143 are both provided with a first electric heat conductor 181 and a second electric heat conductor 182; wherein:

[0031] The first wind control mechanism 131 and the second wind control mechanism 132 are both composed of a fan 151, a drive unit 206 and an exhaust pipe 103; both ends of the exhaust pipe 103 are connected to the pyrolysis section 104; the exhaust pipe 103 is connected to the fan 151; the fan 151 is arranged on the drive unit 206, and the drive unit 206 is wirelessly connected to the remote control module 301. The present invention controls the fan state by selecting the frequency of the drive unit 206 by the remote control module 301, and the frequency control of the fan can improve the thermal coupling efficiency of the hot air and the electric heat conductor. The thermal coupling process of the present invention:

[0032] The temperature of the reaction zone 1 141 entering from the feed port 106 is maintained at 110°C by controlling the fan 151 through the drive unit 206 to perform deep dehydration of the waste plastics. The reaction zone 2 142 is maintained at 180°C by the first heat conductor 181 and hot air coupling heating. At this time, the plastic in this area is in a molten state. The reaction zone 3 140 controls the temperature of this area to 400°C-500°C by controlling the second heat conductor 182, and the molten plastic is pyrolyzed into gaseous state and discharged from the exhaust hole 109. The waste residue that cannot be pyrolyzed is discharged from the slag outlet 107.

[0033] The reactor of the present invention adopts a double-cylinder design, and the whole is heated by hot flue gas to balance the heating of the materials, and the material reaction environment temperature is concentrated in the relatively constant temperature area in the center of the reactor. Among them: the inner cylinder 201 is made of high thermal conductivity ceramic material to ensure efficient use of heat energy. After the outer cylinder 101 is heated, the heat is transferred to the inner cylinder 201 by radiation heat, thereby heating the materials. The inner cylinder 201 is composed of a first cylinder 211 and a second cylinder 212; the first cylinder 211 is arranged in the first reaction zone 141; the first cylinder 211 is provided with a sieve hole 209; the second cylinder 212 is arranged in the second reaction zone 142 and the third reaction zone 143, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 shown.

[0034] like Figure 3 As shown, a feed rod 204 with a cleaning portion 203 is radially provided on the inner wall of the inner cylinder 201; the cleaning portion 203 is arranged on one axial side of the feed rod 204; the cleaning portion 203 is a scraper with sharp teeth; steel brushes 207 are arranged at both ends of the scraper 203; an arc-shaped spiral blade 208 is arranged on the other axial side of the feed rod 204, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown. The present invention designs a dual-function feeding screw rod to achieve the goal of advancing the material and periodically clearing the initial coke appearing in the inner cylinder at the same time, so as to avoid thermal hysteresis caused by the accumulation of coke and affect the pyrolysis process of the material. The two ends of the feed rod 204 are connected to the flanges (102a, 102b) at both ends of the outer cylinder 101 through bearing seats (205a, 206b); a drive unit 206 is connected to the bearing seat 205a at one end of the feed rod 204; the drive unit 206 is wirelessly connected to the remote control module 301. The present invention controls the state of the feed rod by selecting the frequency of the drive unit 206 through the remote control module 301, so as to match the crushing degree of different materials and achieve a better pyrolysis process.

[0035] The outer cylinder 101 of the present invention is separated into two upper and lower areas by a partition (101a, 101b), and the material is concentrated in the lower area for pyrolysis. The driving unit 206 is used to extract nitrogen from the upper area and then sent to the inner reaction zone 141 through the sieve hole 209, so that the nitrogen is circulated between the upper and lower areas. First, the circulation of nitrogen can improve the heat conduction efficiency while ensuring the temperature balance of the material area, overcoming the uneven heat distribution. Second, due to the large number of sieve holes 209, an air film is formed on the lower side of the inner cylinder, so that the material pyrolysis process is in a suspended state. The present invention controls the state of the material in the inner cylinder by selecting the frequency of the driving unit 206 through the remote control module, and always controls the material in the reaction zone.

[0036] Although the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments. The above-mentioned specific embodiments are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of the present invention, ordinary technicians in this field can make many modifications without departing from the purpose of the present invention, which are all within the protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reactor for treating low-value waste plastics, the reactor comprising an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder and a remote control module; the outer cylinder is enclosed in the inner cylinder; the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are connected to the outer cylinder at both ends by bolts through end covers; the outer cylinder is respectively provided with a feed port, a slag outlet and an exhaust hole, characterized in that: The inner wall of the outer cylinder is connected to the outer wall slot of the inner cylinder through the partition thereon to form a pyrolysis section; the inner wall of the inner cylinder is radially provided with a feed rod with a cleaning portion; the two ends of the feed rod are connected to the flanges at both ends of the outer cylinder through a bearing seat; a reducer is connected to the bearing seat at one end of the feed rod; the reducer is arranged on the drive unit, and the drive unit is wirelessly connected to the remote control module, wherein: The pyrolysis section is composed of a first reaction zone, a second reaction zone and a third reaction zone; the first reaction zone is provided with a circulating air duct; the second reaction zone and the third reaction zone are both provided with a first heat conductor and a second electric heat conductor; wherein: The circulating air duct is composed of a first air control mechanism and a second air control mechanism; the first air control mechanism and the second air control mechanism are both composed of a fan, a drive unit and an exhaust pipe; both ends of the exhaust pipe are connected to the pyrolysis section; the exhaust pipe is connected to a fan; the fan is arranged on the drive unit, and the drive unit is wirelessly connected to the remote control module.

2. A reactor for treating low-value waste plastics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust pipe is a C-shaped structure.

3. A reactor for treating low-value waste plastics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pyrolysis stage process comprises: The material is sent to the first reaction zone from the feed port, and the temperature of the first reaction zone is maintained at 100°C to 120°C by controlling the fan 1 through the driving unit to perform deep dehydration of the material; The second reaction zone is heated by the first electric heat conductor 181 and hot air coupling to maintain the temperature at 170°C to 190°C. At this time, the material in this zone is in a molten state. The temperature of the third reaction zone is controlled to 400° C.-500° C. by controlling the second electric heat conductor 182 to pyrolyze the molten material into gaseous state and then discharge it from the exhaust hole, while the waste residue that cannot be pyrolyzed is discharged from the slag outlet.

4. A reactor for treating low-value waste plastics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning portion is arranged on one axial side of the feed rod; and an arc-shaped spiral blade is arranged on the other axial side of the feed rod.

5. A reactor for treating low-value plastics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning part is a scraper with sharp teeth; a steel brush is arranged on the scraper.

6. A reactor for treating low-value plastics according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cleaning part is a scraper with sharp teeth; a steel brush is arranged on the scraper.

7. A reactor for treating low-value waste plastics according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The inner cylinder is composed of a first cylinder and a second cylinder; the first cylinder is arranged in the first reaction zone; a sieve hole is arranged on the first cylinder; the second cylinder is arranged in the second reaction zone and the third reaction zone.

8. A reactor for treating low-value plastics according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inner cylinder is made of heat-conducting ceramic material.

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