Alkaline electrolyzed water system
By using anode and cathode alkali separator and fuel cell or catalytic reactor in alkaline electrolytic water system for hydrogen-oxygen separation and reaction, the problem of hydrogen-oxygen intermixing in electrolytic water is solved, and the hydrogen production efficiency and safety are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202310805076.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-06-30
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-31
AI Technical Summary
In the existing alkaline electrolytic hydrogen production process, hydrogen and oxygen in the alkali liquid obtained after electrolysis are mixed, resulting in a decrease in hydrogen production efficiency and safety hazards. Some hydrogen is required to consume for catalytic combustion, and the high hydrogen concentration in oxygen may cause explode.
Design an alkaline electrolytic water system to separate the alkali solution obtained after electrolysis through an anode alkaline liquid separator and a cathode alkali separator, and oxidize and reduce hydrogen and oxygen respectively to reduce hydrogen in the alkali solution. The degree of oxygen intermixing, using fuel cells or catalytic reactors to react, improving hydrogen production efficiency and safety.
It significantly reduces the degree of hydrogen-oxygen intermixing during the electrolytic water operation, improves hydrogen production efficiency and operation safety, and avoids the risk of mixing and explosion of hydrogen-oxygen impurities.
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Figure CN119221034A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present disclosure relates to an alkaline water electrolysis system. Background Art
[0002] The method of producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water is to pass direct current into an electrolytic cell filled with electrolyte, and water molecules undergo electrochemical reactions on the electrodes, decomposing into hydrogen and oxygen, and then undergo a gas-liquid separation process, purification and drying to obtain the product hydrogen. The alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production process generally uses an alkaline aqueous solution as the electrolyte, and the alkaline solution after electrolysis can be gathered and returned to the electrolytic cell to continue to participate in the reaction. However, hydrogen and oxygen will be dissolved in the electrolyte obtained from the cathode and anode of the electrolytic cell respectively. When the mixture enters the electrolytic cell again to participate in the electrolysis reaction, hydrogen and oxygen may mix with each other, which will have two adverse consequences: 1) In order to obtain pure hydrogen, a part of the hydrogen needs to be consumed to undergo catalytic combustion with oxygen impurities, which leads to a decrease in effective production; 2) When the hydrogen concentration in oxygen reaches 4%, it will cause an explosion, so the excessively high hydrogen concentration in oxygen brings huge safety hazards. Summary of the invention
[0003] The purpose of the present disclosure is to provide an alkaline water electrolysis system, which can effectively reduce the degree of mixing of hydrogen and oxygen during the operation of water electrolysis, and significantly improve the hydrogen production efficiency and operation safety.
[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present disclosure provides an alkaline water electrolysis system, which includes an electrolytic cell, an anode alkali liquid separator, a cathode alkali liquid separator and a reaction device, wherein the electrolytic cell has an electrolytic cell liquid inlet, an electrolytic cell anode liquid outlet and an electrolytic cell cathode liquid outlet, and the reaction device has a first liquid inlet of the reaction device, a second liquid inlet of the reaction device and a liquid outlet of the reaction device, the anode liquid outlet of the electrolytic cell is connected to the anode alkali liquid separator and the first liquid inlet of the reaction device in sequence through a pipeline, the cathode liquid outlet of the electrolytic cell is connected to the cathode alkali liquid separator and the second liquid inlet of the reaction device in sequence through a pipeline, and the liquid outlet of the reaction device is connected to the liquid inlet of the electrolytic cell through a pipeline, and the reaction device is used to react with the alkaline solutions from the anode alkali liquid separator and the cathode alkali liquid separator.
[0005] Optionally, the reaction device is a fuel cell, the fuel cell has a fuel cell anode liquid inlet, a fuel cell anode liquid outlet, a fuel cell cathode liquid inlet and a fuel cell cathode liquid outlet, the electrolyzer anode liquid outlet is sequentially connected to the anode alkali liquid separator and the fuel cell cathode liquid inlet through a pipeline, the electrolyzer cathode liquid outlet is sequentially connected to the cathode alkali liquid separator and the fuel cell anode liquid inlet through a pipeline, and the fuel cell anode liquid outlet and the fuel cell cathode liquid outlet are respectively connected to the electrolyzer liquid inlet;
[0006] The fuel cell includes a fuel cell anode region, a fuel cell cathode region and a battery separator, wherein the battery separator is arranged between the fuel cell anode region and the fuel cell cathode region, the fuel cell anode liquid inlet and the fuel cell anode liquid outlet are arranged in the fuel cell anode region, and the fuel cell cathode liquid inlet and the fuel cell cathode liquid outlet are arranged in the fuel cell cathode region.
[0007] Optionally, an anode flow channel is provided between the anode liquid inlet of the fuel cell and the anode liquid outlet of the fuel cell for containing a hydrogen-containing alkaline solution, and the ratio of the length to the cross-sectional width of the anode flow channel is (5000-20000):1;
[0008] A cathode flow channel is provided between the fuel cell cathode liquid inlet and the fuel cell cathode liquid outlet for containing an oxygen-containing alkaline solution, and a ratio of the length to the cross-sectional width of the cathode flow channel is (5000-20000):1;
[0009] Alternatively, a three-dimensional porous material is provided between the fuel cell anode liquid inlet and the fuel cell anode liquid outlet, and between the fuel cell cathode liquid inlet and the fuel cell cathode liquid outlet, wherein the porosity of the three-dimensional porous material is greater than 50% and the pore size is 1 to 100 microns.
[0010] Optionally, the cathode region of the fuel cell is provided with a cathode catalyst, and the cathode catalyst is selected from at least one of a platinum alloy catalyst, a manganese oxide catalyst, an iron-doped carbon-based catalyst, a palladium alloy catalyst, and a nickel oxide catalyst.
[0011] Optionally, the anode region of the fuel cell is provided with an anode catalyst, and the anode catalyst is selected from at least one of a platinum alloy catalyst, a nickel alloy catalyst, a molybdenum catalyst, a cobalt catalyst and an iron catalyst.
[0012] Optionally, the anode catalyst and / or the cathode catalyst is a granular catalyst having a particle size of 1 to 100 nanometers;
[0013] The fuel cell cathode region and the fuel cell anode region are respectively provided with optional porous substrates, and the granular catalyst is attached to the battery separator and / or the porous substrate; wherein the porosity of the porous substrate is greater than 30% and the pore size is 1 to 100 microns.
[0014] Optionally, the battery separator is a porous separator or an anion exchange membrane.
[0015] Optionally, the fuel cell is electrically connected to the electrolyzer.
[0016] Optionally, the reaction equipment is a catalytic reactor, the catalytic reactor has a first liquid inlet of the catalytic reactor, a second liquid inlet of the catalytic reactor and a liquid outlet of the catalytic reactor, the anode liquid outlet of the electrolytic cell is sequentially connected to the anode alkali liquid separator and the first liquid inlet of the catalytic reactor through a pipeline, the cathode liquid outlet of the electrolytic cell is sequentially connected to the cathode alkali liquid separator and the second liquid inlet of the catalytic reactor through a pipeline, and the liquid outlet of the catalytic reactor is connected to the liquid inlet of the electrolytic cell through a pipeline;
[0017] The catalytic reactor includes a fluid distribution area and a catalyst bed; the first liquid inlet and the second liquid inlet of the catalytic reactor are respectively connected to the fluid distribution area, the fluid distribution area has a flow channel, and the first liquid inlet and the second liquid inlet of the catalytic reactor are arranged on the opposite walls of the catalytic reactor; the catalyst bed is provided with a porous catalyst, and the porous catalyst is selected from at least one of a platinum alloy catalyst, a manganese oxide catalyst, an iron-doped carbon-based catalyst, a palladium alloy catalyst and a nickel oxide catalyst.
[0018] Optionally, the electrolytic cell includes an electrolytic cell anode region, an electrolytic cell cathode region and an electrolytic cell diaphragm, the electrolytic cell diaphragm is arranged between the electrolytic cell anode region and the electrolytic cell cathode region, the electrolytic cell liquid inlet includes a first electrolytic cell liquid inlet and a second electrolytic cell liquid inlet, the first electrolytic cell liquid inlet and the electrolytic cell anode liquid outlet are arranged in the electrolytic cell anode region, the second electrolytic cell liquid inlet and the electrolytic cell cathode liquid outlet are arranged in the electrolytic cell cathode region, and the reaction equipment liquid outlet is respectively connected to the first electrolytic cell liquid inlet and the second electrolytic cell liquid inlet.
[0019] Optionally, an alkaline solution is contained in the anode region and the cathode region of the electrolytic cell, and the alkaline solution is at least one of a potassium hydroxide solution, a sodium hydroxide solution, a sodium bicarbonate solution and a sodium carbonate solution, and the concentration range of the alkaline solution is 0.1 to 6 mol / L.
[0020] Through the above technical scheme, the disclosed system first separates the gas-liquid of the alkaline solution obtained in the two stages after electrolysis through the anode alkaline solution separator and the cathode alkaline solution separator, and then uses the reaction equipment to make the dissolved hydrogen and oxygen in the alkaline solution undergo oxidation and reduction reactions respectively, thereby greatly reducing the content of dissolved hydrogen and oxygen in the alkaline solution, thereby effectively reducing the degree of hydrogen and oxygen mixing during the operation of electrolyzed water, and significantly improving the hydrogen production efficiency and operation safety.
[0021] Other features and advantages of the present disclosure will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0022] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific embodiments, they are used to explain the present disclosure but do not constitute a limitation of the present disclosure. In the accompanying drawings:
[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a specific implementation of the alkaline water electrolysis system provided by the present disclosure.
[0024] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of another specific embodiment of the alkaline water electrolysis system provided by the present disclosure.
[0025] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a specific implementation of an anode flow channel or a cathode flow channel in the alkaline water electrolysis system provided by the present disclosure.
[0026] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of another specific implementation of the anode flow channel or cathode flow channel in the alkaline water electrolysis system provided by the present disclosure.
[0027] Description of Reference Numerals
[0028] 10—electrolyzer, 11—anode region of electrolyzer, 12—cathode region of electrolyzer, 13—diaphragm of electrolyzer, 14—flow channel, 20—anode alkali liquid separator, 30—cathode alkali liquid separator, 40—fuel cell, 41—anode region of fuel cell, 42—cathode region of fuel cell, 43—battery diaphragm, 50—circulation pump, 60—catalytic reactor DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0029] The specific implementation of the present disclosure is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described herein is only used to illustrate and explain the present disclosure, and is not used to limit the present disclosure.
[0030] The present invention provides an alkaline water electrolysis system, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The system comprises an electrolytic cell 10, an anode alkali liquid separator 20, a cathode alkali liquid separator 30 and a reaction device, wherein the electrolytic cell 10 has an electrolytic cell liquid inlet, an electrolytic cell anode liquid outlet and an electrolytic cell cathode liquid outlet, and the reaction device has a first liquid inlet of the reaction device, a second liquid inlet of the reaction device and a liquid outlet of the reaction device, wherein the anode liquid outlet of the electrolytic cell is connected to the anode alkali liquid separator 20 and the first liquid inlet of the reaction device in sequence through a pipeline, the cathode liquid outlet of the electrolytic cell is connected to the cathode alkali liquid separator 30 and the second liquid inlet of the reaction device in sequence through a pipeline, and the liquid outlet of the reaction device is connected to the liquid inlet of the electrolytic cell, and the reaction device is used for reacting the alkaline solutions from the anode alkali liquid separator and the cathode alkali liquid separator.
[0031] In the present disclosure, the electrolyzer 10 is used to perform alkaline water electrolysis to produce hydrogen. The alkaline solutions obtained at the anode and cathode after electrolysis are separated into gas and liquid by the anode alkaline solution separator 20 and the cathode alkaline solution separator 30, respectively. Oxygen and an alkaline solution containing part of the dissolved oxygen (i.e., an oxygen-containing alkaline solution) can be separated by the anode alkaline solution separator 20, and hydrogen and an alkaline solution containing part of the dissolved hydrogen (i.e., a hydrogen-containing alkaline solution) can be obtained by the cathode alkaline solution separator 30. The two parts of the alkaline solution are respectively sent to the cathode, anode or catalytic reactor 60 of the fuel cell 40, and the dissolved oxygen and hydrogen therein are respectively reduced and oxidized by the electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell or the catalytic reaction of the catalytic reactor, thereby greatly reducing the content of dissolved oxygen and hydrogen in the alkaline solution. The two parts of the alkaline solution after the reaction are then sent to the electrolyzer 10 for cyclic electrolysis, which can effectively reduce the degree of hydrogen-oxygen mixing during the operation of water electrolysis and significantly improve the hydrogen production efficiency and operation safety.
[0032] According to the present disclosure, the anode alkali liquid separator 20 may have an oxygen outlet, which may be connected to an oxygen storage device. The cathode alkali liquid separator 30 may have a hydrogen outlet, which may be connected to a hydrogen storage device.
[0033] According to the present disclosure, the reaction device is used to react part of dissolved oxygen and part of dissolved hydrogen in the alkaline solution from the anode alkaline solution separator 20 and the cathode alkaline solution separator 30 .
[0034] In one embodiment, the reaction device is a fuel cell 40, referring to Figure 1 . Specifically, the fuel cell 40 has a fuel cell anode liquid inlet, a fuel cell anode liquid outlet, a fuel cell cathode liquid inlet and a fuel cell cathode liquid outlet. The electrolyzer anode liquid outlet is connected to the anode alkali liquid separator 20 and the fuel cell cathode liquid inlet in sequence through a pipeline. The electrolyzer cathode liquid outlet is connected to the cathode alkali liquid separator 30 and the fuel cell anode liquid inlet in sequence through a pipeline. The fuel cell anode liquid outlet and the fuel cell cathode liquid outlet are connected to the electrolyzer liquid inlet respectively. The fuel cell 40 may include a fuel cell anode region 41, a fuel cell cathode region 42 and a battery separator 43, and the battery separator 43 is arranged between the fuel cell anode region 41 and the fuel cell cathode region 42. The fuel cell anode liquid inlet and the fuel cell anode liquid outlet are arranged in the fuel cell anode region 41, and the fuel cell cathode liquid inlet and the fuel cell cathode liquid outlet are arranged in the fuel cell cathode region 42.
[0035] In a specific embodiment, an anode flow channel 14 may be provided between the anode liquid inlet of the fuel cell and the anode liquid outlet of the fuel cell, for accommodating the hydrogen-containing alkaline solution obtained by the cathode alkali liquid separator 30 and allowing the hydrogen-containing alkaline solution to undergo a hydrogen oxidation reaction in the anode flow channel. The shape and size of the anode flow channel can be adjusted according to the hydrogen content, volume or flow rate of the hydrogen-containing alkaline solution, so that the hydrogen dissolved in the hydrogen-containing alkaline solution is fully oxidized. In a specific embodiment, the ratio of the length of the anode flow channel to the cross-sectional width can be (5000-20000): 1, wherein the length of the anode flow channel refers to the distance that the anode flow channel extends from the anode liquid inlet of the fuel cell to the anode liquid outlet of the fuel cell (that is, the distance that the hydrogen-containing alkaline solution flows in the flow channel), and the cross-sectional width of the anode flow channel refers to the maximum distance between the two outer sides of the cross section perpendicular to the extension direction of the flow channel. The shape of the anode flow channel can be an interdigitated type (such as Figure 3 ), snake-shaped (such as Figure 4 ).
[0036] A cathode flow channel 14 may be provided between the cathode liquid inlet of the fuel cell and the cathode liquid outlet of the fuel cell, for accommodating the oxygen-containing alkaline solution obtained by the anode alkaline solution separator 20 and allowing the oxygen-containing alkaline solution to undergo a reduction reaction in the cathode flow channel. The shape and size of the cathode flow channel may be adjusted according to the oxygen content, volume or flow rate of the oxygen-containing alkaline solution so that the hydrogen dissolved in the hydrogen-containing alkaline solution is fully oxidized. In a specific embodiment, the ratio of the length to the cross-sectional width of the cathode flow channel may be (5000-20000): 1, wherein the length of the cathode flow channel refers to the distance from the cathode liquid inlet of the fuel cell to the cathode liquid outlet of the fuel cell (i.e., the distance the oxygen-containing alkaline solution flows in the flow channel), and the cross-sectional width of the cathode flow channel refers to the maximum distance between the two outer sides of the cross section perpendicular to the extension direction of the flow channel. The shape of the cathode flow channel may be an interdigitated type (such as Figure 3 ), snake-shaped (such as Figure 4 ), etc., the shape of the cathode flow channel may be the same as or different from that of the anode flow channel.
[0037] In another specific embodiment, a three-dimensional porous material can be provided between the anode liquid inlet of the fuel cell and the anode liquid outlet of the fuel cell, and between the cathode liquid inlet of the fuel cell and the cathode liquid outlet of the fuel cell. The porous structure in the three-dimensional porous material can accommodate an alkaline solution and react dissolved oxygen and hydrogen in the alkaline solution. Furthermore, the porosity of the three-dimensional porous material is greater than 50%, and the pore size is 1 to 100 microns. The three-dimensional porous material is conducive to the full reaction and greatly reduces the content of dissolved hydrogen and oxygen in the alkaline solution.
[0038] Furthermore, an oxygen detection device may be provided on the pipeline between the anode alkali liquid separator 20 and the cathode liquid inlet of the fuel cell, for detecting the oxygen content in the oxygen-containing alkaline solution obtained by the anode alkali liquid separator 20. A hydrogen detection device may be provided on the pipeline between the cathode alkali liquid separator 30 and the anode liquid inlet of the fuel cell, for detecting the hydrogen content in the hydrogen-containing alkaline solution obtained by the cathode alkali liquid separator 30.
[0039] The fuel cell anode region 41 is provided with an anode catalyst, and the anode catalyst can be a common catalyst used to catalyze hydrogen oxidation. Specifically, the anode catalyst can be selected from at least one of a platinum alloy catalyst, a nickel alloy catalyst, a molybdenum catalyst, a cobalt catalyst and an iron catalyst, and is preferably a nickel alloy catalyst.
[0040] The fuel cell cathode region 42 is provided with a cathode catalyst, which can be a common catalyst used to catalyze oxygen reduction. Specifically, the cathode catalyst can be selected from at least one of a platinum alloy catalyst, a manganese oxide catalyst, an iron-doped carbon-based catalyst, a palladium alloy catalyst, and a nickel oxide catalyst, preferably a platinum alloy catalyst.
[0041] The anode catalyst and / or the cathode catalyst may be a granular catalyst with a particle size of 1 to 100 nanometers. The cathode region of the fuel cell and the anode region of the fuel cell are respectively provided with an optional porous matrix, and the granular catalyst may be attached to the battery separator 43 or the porous matrix by spraying or coating. The porous matrix is a conductive material, specifically carbon paper, nickel felt, etc., with a porosity greater than 30% and a pore size of 1 to 100 microns.
[0042] The battery separator 43 may be a common fuel cell separator in the art, such as a porous separator or an anion exchange membrane. The anode catalyst and the cathode catalyst are disposed on both sides of the battery separator 43 .
[0043] According to the present disclosure, the fuel cell 40 can be electrically connected to the electrolyzer 10. In this way, the electric energy generated by the fuel cell 40 can be used to supply energy to the electrolyzer 10, thereby improving the comprehensive energy utilization efficiency.
[0044] In one embodiment, the reaction device is a catalytic reactor 60, Figure 2. Specifically, the catalytic reactor 60 has a first liquid inlet of the catalytic reactor, a second liquid inlet of the catalytic reactor and a liquid outlet of the catalytic reactor. The anode liquid outlet of the electrolytic cell is connected to the anode alkali liquid separator 20 and the first liquid inlet of the catalytic reactor in sequence through a pipeline. The cathode liquid outlet of the electrolytic cell is connected to the cathode alkali liquid separator 30 and the second liquid inlet of the catalytic reactor in sequence through a pipeline. The liquid outlet of the catalytic reactor is connected to the liquid inlet of the electrolytic cell through a pipeline. The catalytic reactor 60 includes a fluid distribution area and a catalyst bed. Among them, the first liquid inlet of the catalytic reactor and the second liquid inlet of the catalytic reactor are respectively connected to the fluid distribution area, and the fluid distribution area has a flow channel, which can make the liquids of the two liquid inlets fully mixed and reach a turbulent state. The first liquid inlet of the catalytic reactor and the second liquid inlet of the catalytic reactor can be arranged on the opposite walls of the catalytic reactor so that the liquid flow directions are opposite, so that the alkaline solution is fully mixed before entering the catalyst bed. The catalyst bed is connected to the fluid distribution zone and is provided with a porous catalyst having a large specific surface area (e.g., a specific surface area of 1 to 1000 m 2 / g), so that the alkaline solution can fully react. The catalyst in the catalyst bed can be selected from at least one of a platinum alloy catalyst, a manganese oxide catalyst, an iron-doped carbon-based catalyst, a palladium alloy catalyst and a nickel oxide catalyst, and can be supported on a porous substrate by spraying or coating. The porous substrate can be a honeycomb or three-dimensional porous ceramic or metal material, such as zirconium dioxide, cerium dioxide or stainless steel, nickel, etc.
[0045] According to the present disclosure, the electrolytic cell includes an electrolytic cell anode region 11 , an electrolytic cell cathode region 12 , and an electrolytic cell diaphragm 13 , and the electrolytic cell diaphragm 13 is disposed between the electrolytic cell anode region 11 and the electrolytic cell cathode region 12 .
[0046] In one embodiment, the electrolyzer inlet includes a first electrolyzer inlet and a second electrolyzer inlet, the first electrolyzer inlet and the electrolyzer anode outlet are arranged in the electrolyzer anode area 11, the second electrolyzer inlet and the electrolyzer cathode outlet are arranged in the electrolyzer cathode area 12, and the reaction device outlet is connected to the first electrolyzer inlet and the second electrolyzer inlet respectively (when the reaction device is a fuel cell, the fuel cell anode outlet is connected to the second electrolyzer inlet, and the fuel cell cathode outlet is connected to the first electrolyzer inlet). In this way, the two parts of the electrolyte do not need to be mixed, but each undergoes oxidation or reduction reaction and then returns to the electrolyzer through a separate pipeline, thereby further reducing the degree of hydrogen and oxygen mixing during the electrolysis of water and improving operational safety.
[0047] The electrolytic cell anode region 11 and the electrolytic cell cathode region 12 contain an alkaline solution for electrolysis. Specifically, the alkaline solution may be at least one of a potassium hydroxide solution, a sodium hydroxide solution, a sodium bicarbonate solution and a sodium carbonate solution. The concentration of the alkaline solution may be adjusted within a wide range. For example, the concentration range of the alkaline solution may be 0.1 to 6 mol / L.
[0048] The electrolytic cell diaphragm 13 may be any common type of electrolytic cell diaphragm in the art, such as a non-woven fabric diaphragm, a polymer porous membrane such as polyphenylene sulfide and polysulfone, a composite polymer diaphragm such as zirconium dioxide and titanium dioxide, an anion exchange membrane, etc.
[0049] According to the present disclosure, the system further includes a circulation pump 50, and the liquid outlet of the reaction device can be connected to the liquid inlet of the electrolytic cell through the circulation pump 50. The circulation pump 50 is used to pump and transport the alkaline solution returned from the reaction device to the electrolytic cell 10. It can be understood that when the first electrolytic cell liquid inlet and the second electrolytic cell liquid inlet are respectively provided in the anode area 11 of the electrolytic cell and the cathode area 12 of the electrolytic cell, and the alkaline solution after the reaction returns to the electrolytic cell 10 through an independent pipeline, the circulation pumps can be respectively provided to transport the two parts of the alkaline solution.
[0050] The alkaline water electrolysis system provided by the present disclosure is conducive to the effective control of the mixing of hydrogen and oxygen in the electrolytic alkaline solution, reducing the degree of mixing of hydrogen and oxygen during the operation of water electrolysis, significantly improving the operation safety, and further being able to generate electricity and supply energy to the outside, thereby improving the comprehensive energy utilization efficiency, and has good application prospects.
[0051] The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings; however, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present disclosure, a variety of simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
[0052] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present disclosure will not further describe various possible combinations.
[0053] In addition, various embodiments of the present disclosure may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the present disclosure, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present disclosure.
Claims
1. An alkaline water electrolysis system, characterized in that: The system comprises an electrolytic cell, an anode alkali liquid separator, a cathode alkali liquid separator and a reaction device, wherein the electrolytic cell comprises an electrolytic cell liquid inlet, an electrolytic cell anode liquid outlet and an electrolytic cell cathode liquid outlet, and the reaction device comprises a first liquid inlet of the reaction device, a second liquid inlet of the reaction device and a liquid outlet of the reaction device, wherein the anode liquid outlet of the electrolytic cell is connected to the anode alkali liquid separator and the first liquid inlet of the reaction device in sequence through a pipeline, the cathode liquid outlet of the electrolytic cell is connected to the cathode alkali liquid separator and the second liquid inlet of the reaction device in sequence through a pipeline, and the liquid outlet of the reaction device is connected to the liquid inlet of the electrolytic cell through a pipeline, and the reaction device is used for reacting the alkaline solutions from the anode alkali liquid separator and the cathode alkali liquid separator.
2. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The reaction device is a fuel cell, and the fuel cell has a fuel cell anode liquid inlet, a fuel cell anode liquid outlet, a fuel cell cathode liquid inlet and a fuel cell cathode liquid outlet. The electrolyzer anode liquid outlet is connected to the anode alkali liquid separator and the fuel cell cathode liquid inlet in sequence through a pipeline, and the electrolyzer cathode liquid outlet is connected to the cathode alkali liquid separator and the fuel cell anode liquid inlet in sequence through a pipeline, and the fuel cell anode liquid outlet and the fuel cell cathode liquid outlet are respectively connected to the electrolyzer liquid inlet; The fuel cell includes a fuel cell anode region, a fuel cell cathode region and a battery separator, wherein the battery separator is arranged between the fuel cell anode region and the fuel cell cathode region, the fuel cell anode liquid inlet and the fuel cell anode liquid outlet are arranged in the fuel cell anode region, and the fuel cell cathode liquid inlet and the fuel cell cathode liquid outlet are arranged in the fuel cell cathode region.
3. The system according to claim 2, wherein: An anode flow channel is provided between the anode liquid inlet of the fuel cell and the anode liquid outlet of the fuel cell for containing a hydrogen-containing alkaline solution, and the ratio of the length of the anode flow channel to the cross-sectional width is (5000-20000):1; A cathode flow channel is provided between the fuel cell cathode liquid inlet and the fuel cell cathode liquid outlet for containing an oxygen-containing alkaline solution, and a ratio of the length to the cross-sectional width of the cathode flow channel is (5000-20000):1; Alternatively, a three-dimensional porous material is provided between the fuel cell anode liquid inlet and the fuel cell anode liquid outlet, and between the fuel cell cathode liquid inlet and the fuel cell cathode liquid outlet, wherein the porosity of the three-dimensional porous material is greater than 50% and the pore size is 1 to 100 microns.
4. The system according to claim 2, wherein: The cathode region of the fuel cell is provided with a cathode catalyst, and the cathode catalyst is selected from at least one of a platinum alloy catalyst, a manganese oxide catalyst, an iron-doped carbon-based catalyst, a palladium alloy catalyst, and a nickel oxide catalyst; The anode region of the fuel cell is provided with an anode catalyst, and the anode catalyst is selected from at least one of a platinum alloy catalyst, a nickel alloy catalyst, a molybdenum catalyst, a cobalt catalyst and an iron catalyst.
5. The system according to claim 4, wherein: The anode catalyst and / or the cathode catalyst is a granular catalyst with a particle size of 1 to 100 nanometers; The fuel cell cathode region and the fuel cell anode region are respectively provided with optional porous substrates, and the granular catalyst is attached to the battery separator and / or the porous substrate; wherein the porosity of the porous substrate is greater than 30% and the pore size is 1 to 100 microns.
6. The system according to claim 2, wherein: The battery separator is a porous separator or an anion exchange membrane.
7. The system according to claim 2, wherein: The fuel cell is electrically connected to the electrolyzer.
8. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The reaction equipment is a catalytic reactor, the catalytic reactor has a first liquid inlet of the catalytic reactor, a second liquid inlet of the catalytic reactor and a liquid outlet of the catalytic reactor, the anode liquid outlet of the electrolytic cell is sequentially connected to the anode alkali liquid separator and the first liquid inlet of the catalytic reactor through a pipeline, the cathode liquid outlet of the electrolytic cell is sequentially connected to the cathode alkali liquid separator and the second liquid inlet of the catalytic reactor through a pipeline, and the liquid outlet of the catalytic reactor is connected to the liquid inlet of the electrolytic cell through a pipeline; The catalytic reactor includes a fluid distribution area and a catalyst bed; the first liquid inlet and the second liquid inlet of the catalytic reactor are respectively connected to the fluid distribution area, the fluid distribution area has a flow channel, and the first liquid inlet and the second liquid inlet of the catalytic reactor are arranged on the opposite walls of the catalytic reactor; the catalyst bed is provided with a porous catalyst, and the porous catalyst is selected from at least one of a platinum alloy catalyst, a manganese oxide catalyst, an iron-doped carbon-based catalyst, a palladium alloy catalyst and a nickel oxide catalyst.
9. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The electrolytic cell comprises an electrolytic cell anode region, an electrolytic cell cathode region and an electrolytic cell diaphragm, wherein the electrolytic cell diaphragm is arranged between the electrolytic cell anode region and the electrolytic cell cathode region, the electrolytic cell liquid inlet comprises a first electrolytic cell liquid inlet and a second electrolytic cell liquid inlet, the first electrolytic cell liquid inlet and the electrolytic cell anode liquid outlet are arranged in the electrolytic cell anode region, the second electrolytic cell liquid inlet and the electrolytic cell cathode liquid outlet are arranged in the electrolytic cell cathode region, and the reaction equipment liquid outlet is respectively connected to the first electrolytic cell liquid inlet and the second electrolytic cell liquid inlet.
10. The system according to claim 9, wherein: The anode area and the cathode area of the electrolytic cell contain an alkaline solution, which is at least one of a potassium hydroxide solution, a sodium hydroxide solution, a sodium bicarbonate solution and a sodium carbonate solution, and the concentration range of the alkaline solution is 0.1 to 6 mol / L.