A method for prefabricated support and plugging construction of deep-buried civil air defense holes in cities

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of building foundation pit support, and specifically discloses a method for prefabricated support and plugging construction of deep-buried urban air defense holes, including a plurality of support units, wherein the support units include columns, which can be vertically arranged at the vertical side walls of the air defense holes; transverse distribution beams, the two ends of which are detachably connected to the tops of the columns; longitudinal distribution beams, which are detachably installed on the transverse distribution beams, and the axis of the longitudinal distribution beams intersects or is perpendicular to the axis of the transverse distribution beams; a plurality of connection components, which are installed between two adjacent columns, and are arranged along the axis of the air defense holes; and an escape system, which is arranged along the axis of the air defense holes. The plurality of support units in this scheme can be arranged along the air defense holes with intricate and winding structures, and the support units have strong adaptability to the installation environment, and can effectively prevent the air defense holes from collapse.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of building foundation pit support, and in particular to an assembled support and plugging construction method for urban deep-buried civil air defense holes. Background Art

[0002] Air defense holes are openings set up in underground buildings for various purposes such as personnel evacuation, ventilation, fire fighting and rescue. They play a vital role in urban air defense and disaster prevention. Air defense holes are often encountered during the excavation of deep foundation pits in cities. Most of the air defense holes built during wartime are unsupported. The bedrock inside the air defense holes is generally exposed and has been abandoned for a long time without maintenance. The bedrock inside the holes is severely eroded. If people rashly enter, it is easy to cause the holes to collapse, threatening personal safety.

[0003] Therefore, when excavating deep foundation pits in cities, it is generally necessary to first identify the construction impact section of the civil air defense holes on the deep foundation pit excavation according to the location of the urban deep foundation pit excavation and the location of the civil air defense holes, and then determine the construction impact section that needs to be backfilled for the civil air defense holes, and then perform blocking wall construction on the construction impact section of the civil air defense holes, and then perform grouting to block the construction impact section. In the above construction operation process, the following problems still exist:

[0004] (1) During the construction of the blocking wall, personnel need to enter and exit the civil air defense holes. As the holes have been abandoned for a long time and have been eroded by rain and seasonal winds for a long time, the bedrock stability is poor. If disturbed easily, the inner wall of the hole will collapse, making it impossible to ensure the safety of personnel.

[0005] (2) The structure inside the civil air defense holes is complex and winding. Direct grouting and sealing can easily result in loose sealing inside the civil air defense holes, which still poses a risk of subsequent collapse and affects the stability of the foundation pit during subsequent deep foundation pit excavation. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides an assembled support and sealing construction method for deep-buried urban civil air defense holes to solve the problem that the holes are long-term eroded by rain and seasonal winds, the bedrock is poor in stability, and the inner wall of the holes is easily disturbed and easily collapsed, thus making it impossible to ensure the safety of personnel.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the basic scheme of the present invention is as follows: an assembled support for deep-buried civil air defense holes in cities, including a plurality of support units, the support units including:

[0008] The column can be vertically arranged on the vertical side wall of the civil air defense hole;

[0009] A transverse distribution beam, both ends of which are detachably connected to the top of the column;

[0010] A longitudinal distribution beam, which can be detachably mounted on the transverse distribution beam, and the axis of the longitudinal distribution beam intersects or is perpendicular to the axis of the transverse distribution beam;

[0011] A plurality of connection components, the connection components are installed between two adjacent columns, and the connection components are arranged along the axis direction of the civil air defense hole;

[0012] The escape system is arranged along the axis of the civil defense hole.

[0013] The technical principle of the present invention is: when assembling and using the prefabricated support for deep-buried urban air defense holes, several columns are connected by connecting components, which can be adaptively distributed and installed according to the path conditions of the air defense holes, and can adapt to air defense holes with different paths. At the same time, the transverse distribution beam can cooperate with the top of the column, and after cooperating with the longitudinal distribution beam, the vertical side walls and top surfaces of the air defense holes can be prevented from collapse, which can effectively ensure the safety of construction personnel; at the same time, several support units can be arranged along the intricate and winding air defense holes. The support units have strong adaptability to the installation environment and can effectively prevent collapse of the air defense holes; the escape system can also provide escape conditions for construction personnel in dangerous situations.

[0014] Further, the connection component includes:

[0015] Crossbar;

[0016] The ends of the diagonal rod, the horizontal rod and the diagonal rod are all provided with first connecting ear plates, and the side walls of the columns are provided with a plurality of second connecting ear plates that can cooperate with the first connecting ear plates. The first connecting ear plates and the second connecting ear plates are detachably connected and rotatably connected.

[0017] Through the above-mentioned arrangement, the cross bar can horizontally transmit the pressure in the vertical direction, and the diagonal bar can cooperate with the cross bar and the column to form a triangular structure, providing better stability for the installation of the column; the cooperation between the first connecting ear plate and the second connecting ear plate makes the connection between the cross bar, the diagonal bar and the column more convenient and stable.

[0018] Furthermore, it also includes a pin shaft, which is detachably mounted on the first connecting ear plate and the second connecting ear plate, and the axis of the pin shaft is perpendicular to the axis direction of the civil defense hole.

[0019] Through the above-mentioned arrangement, when disassembling and assembling the horizontal bars and diagonal bars on the columns, it can be quickly achieved by simply disassembling and assembling the pins. The disassembly and assembly of the horizontal bars and diagonal bars are convenient and quick, thereby improving the construction efficiency. At the same time, the arrangement of the pins allows the horizontal bars and diagonal bars to have the freedom to turn during installation, making the installation of the horizontal bars and diagonal bars more labor-saving.

[0020] Furthermore, a limiting groove is provided on the top of the column for the end of the transverse distribution beam to be embedded.

[0021] Through the above arrangement, the limiting groove and the end of the transverse distribution beam are locked and restricted, making the coordination and installation between the column and the transverse distribution beam more convenient and simple, improving the disassembly and assembly efficiency of the transverse distribution beam, and also improving the construction efficiency.

[0022] Further, the escape system includes:

[0023] A plurality of supporting pipes for people to pass through, the ends of which can be coaxially detachably connected to adjacent supporting pipes;

[0024] Ventilation pipe: the ventilation pipe is sleeved in the supporting pipe.

[0025] Through the above-mentioned arrangement, when during the construction process, if the bedrock in the civil air defense hole collapses or falls, the construction workers can enter the support pipe, and the support pipe can resist the collapsed or fallen bedrock to provide cover for the construction workers. At the same time, the ventilation pipe in the support pipe can provide oxygen for the construction workers. The support pipe can also protect the ventilation pipe in this process to prevent local parts of the ventilation pipe from being crushed or blocked by the bedrock, so that oxygen can be continuously supplied even in dangerous situations; at the same time, the support pipe can be used for escape in critical situations, and the safety of the construction workers is guaranteed.

[0026] Furthermore, a threaded column is coaxially threadedly installed on the lower end of the column, a supporting column is threadedly installed on the end of the threaded column away from the column, the threads on the upper and lower ends of the threaded column turn in opposite directions, and a steering handle is radially arranged in the middle of the threaded column.

[0027] Through the above-mentioned setting, the support column can support the column and the threaded column. By holding the steering handle and turning the threaded column, the threaded column can lift the column or retract the column, thereby adjusting the overall height of the column. The gap between the column and the top surface of the civil air defense hole can be adjusted, which is convenient for adjusting the installation space of the transverse distribution beam and the longitudinal distribution beam. After the column, transverse distribution beam and longitudinal distribution beam are installed, the column can be lifted to reduce the space between the transverse distribution beam and the longitudinal distribution beam and the top surface of the civil air defense hole, thereby improving the anti-collapse capability.

[0028] Furthermore, the ventilation pipe is connected to a ventilation fan.

[0029] Through the above settings, the ventilation fan can cooperate with the ventilation pipe to increase the oxygen content in the civil air defense holes and improve the safety of construction.

[0030] The present invention also intends to provide a method for plugging construction of deep-buried urban air defense holes, including a pipeline robot, an automatic wire-retracting and releasing device, and an assembled support for deep-buried urban air defense holes, and further comprising the following steps:

[0031] Prepare several support units;

[0032] The pipeline robot enters the civil air defense hole, obtains and records the environmental photos or environmental video information inside the civil air defense hole; after obtaining, the pipeline robot moves back to the outside of the civil air defense hole;

[0033] The automatic wire-retracting and -releasing device enters the civil air defense hole, and measures the length of the civil air defense hole in the axial direction; after obtaining the length, the automatic wire-retracting and -releasing device moves outside the civil air defense hole;

[0034] Divide the construction impact section of civil air defense holes according to the design of urban deep foundation pit excavation;

[0035] Pump out the silt and accumulated water at the entrance and inside of the air defense holes;

[0036] Several support units are installed in the air defense holes; support pipes and ventilation pipes are installed between the support units simultaneously; the air intake volume of the ventilation pipe is Q 机 m³ / min is calculated and set based on the size of the air defense hole and the maximum number of people working in the air defense hole at the same time, specifically:

[0037] Since there is no internal combustion mechanical equipment in the air-raid shelter, the ventilation calculation takes into account the amount of fresh air required when there are the most workers in the air-raid shelter, and the required air volume is calculated to be Q1m³ / min; according to the minimum wind speed specified in the air-raid shelter, the required air volume is calculated to be Q2m³ / min;

[0038] Calculation parameters are determined as follows: the cross-sectional area of ​​the air-raid hole is S㎡; the ventilation distance of the air-raid hole is Lm; the maximum number of people working in the air-raid hole is m; the diameter of the ventilation pipe is φmm; the air leakage rate of the ventilation pipe per 100 meters is β;

[0039] Calculation of the amount of fresh air Q1 required for the maximum number of workers in the air defense hole:

[0040] Q1=Ω×K×m; Ω is the standard of fresh air supply per person per minute in the air defense hole, which is 2.8-3.2m³ / min; K is the air volume reserve coefficient, 1.15-1.25;

[0041] Calculation of the air volume Q2 required for the minimum wind speed allowed in the air defense hole:

[0042] Q2=60×V×S; 60 is the conversion constant between min and s; V is the minimum wind speed allowed in the air defense hole, 0.13-0.17m / s;

[0043] Through the above calculation, take Q max =Max(Q1,Q2);

[0044] Q 机 =Q max / (1-β) L / 100 ;

[0045] Pre-buried grouting pipe network is installed on the inner wall of the air defense hole;

[0046] A first plugging template is vertically installed at one end of the construction affected section, a number of intermediate segment templates are vertically installed in the middle of the construction affected section, and a second plugging template is also vertically installed at the other end of the construction affected section; concrete pouring holes, observation holes and overflow holes are reserved at the highest points of the intermediate segment templates and the second plugging templates;

[0047] After the construction of the first plugging template is completed, the intermediate segment template near the first plugging template and the supporting unit between the first plugging template are disassembled, and then the intermediate segment template is installed; then concrete is poured through the concrete pouring hole, and this step is repeated after the concrete is initially set until the concrete between the second plugging template and the first plugging template is solidified;

[0048] Check the quality of concrete solidification. If voids are detected between the concrete and the inner walls of the air defense holes, grouting is performed between the inner walls of the air defense holes through the grouting pipe network.

[0049] The technical principle of the present invention is as follows: the pipeline robot can obtain information inside the civil air defense hole, and then judge the surrounding rock conditions inside the civil air defense hole, and then estimate the environment inside the civil air defense hole before construction, which is convenient for construction personnel to carry out pre-treatment or prevention; the automatic retractable wire device can accurately measure the length of the civil air defense hole;

[0050] During the construction plugging process, the first plugging template, the middle segment template and the second plugging template are used to perform segmented plugging construction on the construction affected section, which can dismantle several support units in sections, and is also convenient for filling and solidifying concrete in sections, which can improve the uniformity of concrete solidification at the construction affected section, and is convenient for observing whether the concrete is filled completely through the observation holes and overflow holes during the construction process, thereby improving the concrete filling completeness at the construction affected section;

[0051] During the construction process, the support pipe can resist the collapsed or fallen bedrock and provide cover for the construction workers. At the same time, the ventilation pipe in the support pipe can provide oxygen for the construction workers. The support pipe can also protect the ventilation pipe in this process to prevent the ventilation pipe from being partially damaged or blocked by the bedrock, so that oxygen can be continuously supplied in dangerous situations. The support pipe can also be used for escape in critical situations, and the safety of the construction workers is guaranteed.

[0052] When using ventilation pipes for oxygen supply, calculate various parameters of the air defense holes and the ventilation pipe's 100-meter air leakage rate β, and 机 Calculate and then accurately obtain Q 机 The data can then be used to combine the power required by the air intake equipment and the diameter of the ventilation pipe, so that the oxygen supply is continuously guaranteed and not wasted;

[0053] The grouting network can be used to quickly and accurately fill the voids, thereby improving the density and sealing strength of the concrete filling in the construction affected section.

[0054] Furthermore, when the grouting pipe network is pre-installed, a plurality of grouting pipe heads are installed and connected to the grouting pipe network, and a sealing plastic is provided on the ends of the plurality of grouting pipe heads, and the plurality of grouting pipe heads are directly opposite to and fit with the inner wall of the civil air defense hole; the grouting pipe network is arranged in a circumferential direction around the longitudinal section profile of the civil air defense hole;

[0055] When the grouting pipe network is grouting between the inner walls of the civil air defense holes, the concrete transported by the grouting pipe network carries grouting pressure, and the grouting pressure breaks through the sealing plastic on the grouting pipe head.

[0056] Through the above-mentioned setting, the grouting pipe network can cooperate with the grouting pipe head, so that the sealing plastic setting in the grouting pipe head prevents the grouting pipe head from being blocked during concrete pouring, ensuring that the grouting pipe head can perform stable and precise grouting operations during subsequent cavity filling.

[0057] Furthermore, the concrete injected into the grouting pipe network is slightly expansive cement mortar.

[0058] Through the above-mentioned settings, the micro-expanding cement mortar can expand to achieve rapid and accurate filling of the voids, further improving the density and sealing strength of the concrete filling in the construction-affected section. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0059] Figure 1 It is a side view of an assembled support for deep-buried urban civil air defense holes in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0060] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the main viewing direction of an assembled support for a deep-buried urban civil air defense hole in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0061] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the splitting of the middle support unit.

[0062] Figure 4 This is a construction cross-sectional view of a method for sealing deep-buried urban air defense holes in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0063] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the grouting pipe network.

[0064] Figure 6 It is the main view of the middle segment template or the second plugging template.

[0065] Figure 7 It is a side view of an assembled support for deep-buried urban civil air defense holes in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0066] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0067] In the above drawings: column 10, limiting slot 101, transverse distribution beam 20, longitudinal distribution beam 30, cross bar 401, diagonal bar 402, pin 403, first connecting ear plate 404, second connecting ear plate 405, jack 406, support pipe 50, ventilation pipe 501, first plugging template 601, middle section template 602, concrete pouring hole 701, concrete pouring pipe 711, observation hole 702, overflow hole 703, grouting hole 704, grouting pipe network 705, grouting pipe head 706, threaded column 80, support column 81, steering handle 801, anti-slip pattern 802. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0069] Example 1

[0070] This embodiment is basically Figure 1-3 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention proposes an assembled support for deep-buried urban air defense holes, including a plurality of support units, the support units including columns 10, transverse distribution beams 20, longitudinal distribution beams 30, a plurality of connection components and an escape system; the column 10 is a steel pipe with a specification of 150mm×4.5mm, the transverse distribution beam 20 is an I-beam with a specification of 20a, the longitudinal distribution beam 30 is a square wood with a specification of 10cm×8cm, and the column 10 can be vertically arranged at the vertical side wall of the air defense hole; the top of the column 10 is provided with A limiting groove 101 is embedded and placed at the end of the transverse distribution beam 20, and the height of the limiting groove 101 is 5 cm and the width is 11 cm. Bolts are installed between the transverse distribution beam 20 and the column 10 to achieve a detachable connection between the two ends of the transverse distribution beam 20 and the top of the two opposite columns 10; the longitudinal distribution beam 30 is detachably installed on the transverse distribution beam 20 by bolts, and several longitudinal distribution beams 30 are horizontally spread on the transverse distribution beam 20, and the axis of the longitudinal distribution beam 30 is perpendicular to the axis of the transverse distribution beam 20.

[0071] like Figure 1 and 3As shown, the connecting assembly is installed between two adjacent columns 10, and the connecting assembly is arranged along the axial direction of the air defense hole. The connecting assembly includes a cross bar 401, an inclined bar 402 and a pin 403. Two first connecting ear plates 404 are arranged opposite to each other at the ends of the cross bar 401 and the inclined bar 402. Three second connecting ear plates 405 that can cooperate with the first connecting ear plates 404 are welded on the side wall of the column 10. The three second connecting ear plates 405 are located at the upper, middle and lower sides of the column 10. Plate 405 can be located between two first connecting ear plates 404. Both the first connecting ear plate 404 and the second connecting ear plate 405 are provided with a socket 406. Two sockets 406 are provided on a single second connecting ear plate 405. The pin 403 is inserted into the sockets 406 of the first connecting ear plate 404 and the second connecting ear plate 405 to achieve a detachable connection and a rotatable connection at the first connecting ear plate 404 and the second connecting ear plate 405. The axis of the pin 403 is perpendicular to the axis direction of the civil defense hole.

[0072] like Figure 2 As shown, the escape system is arranged along the axial direction of the civil air defense hole, and the escape system includes a plurality of support pipes 50 for people to pass through and a plurality of ventilation pipes 501, and the ventilation pipes 501 are connected to the ventilator; the support pipes 50 are steel pipes with a specification of φ820mm×10mm, and the ends of the support pipes 50 can be coaxially and detachably connected to the adjacent support pipes 50; the ventilation pipes 501 are sleeved in the support pipes 50.

[0073] When using the assembled support for deep buried civil air defense holes in cities, the basic Figure 4-6 A plugging construction method for deep-buried urban air defense holes is shown, comprising a gas detection alarm, a pump-suction gas detector, a pipeline robot, an automatic wire-retracting device, and an assembled support for deep-buried urban air defense holes. Cameras are provided on the front and rear sides of the pipeline robot. The wheels of the pipeline robot are replaceable, and different wheels have different wheel diameters and can be replaced to adapt to the on-site environment. The pipeline robot has a display screen for remote electrical signal connection; the automatic wire-retracting device can be detachably installed on the pipeline robot; and the following steps are specifically included:

[0074] Prepare several support units, gas detection alarms, pump-type gas detectors, pipeline robots, automatic retractable wire equipment, grouting pipe network 705, tunnel lighting and handheld mechanical voltage. The voltage of the tunnel lighting and handheld mechanical voltage is less than or equal to 36V. The overall height of the support unit is 10-20cm less than the height of the longitudinal section of the civil air defense hole;

[0075] The automatic retractable wire device is installed on the pipeline robot. The pipeline robot enters the civil air defense hole. The cameras on the front and rear sides of the pipeline robot can obtain the environmental video information inside the civil air defense hole in real time. The pipeline robot can record the environmental video information inside the civil air defense hole. At the same time, the environmental video information is transmitted to the display screen outside the civil air defense hole in real time, so as to judge the surrounding rock conditions inside the civil air defense hole in real time.

[0076] The pipeline robot simultaneously carries the automatic wire-reeling device into the air-raid shelter hole, and the measuring wire on the automatic wire-reeling device is automatically unwound, thereby measuring the axial length of the air-raid shelter hole;

[0077] Obtain environmental video information and the axial length information of the civil air defense hole, and the pipeline robot carrying the automatic wire-retracting and releasing equipment will move back to the outside of the civil air defense hole synchronously;

[0078] According to the design of urban deep foundation pit excavation, the construction impact section of the air defense holes is divided, and the construction impact section is the required blocking section of the air defense holes;

[0079] The silt and accumulated water at the entrance and inside of the air defense holes are pumped out, and the accumulated water is collected by setting up a water collection well in the hole;

[0080] Construction workers carry gas detection alarms and pump-suction gas detectors into the air-raid shelter holes to monitor the air quality in the air-raid shelter holes in real time; they install lighting and support units in the holes;

[0081] When several supporting units are installed in the air-raid hole, the side of the column 10 away from the second connecting ear plate 405 is in contact with the vertical side wall of the air-raid hole. Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the first connecting ear plates 404 at both ends of the cross bar 401 and the diagonal bar 402 cover the second connecting ear plates 405, so that the sockets 406 overlap, and at this time, the pin shaft 403 is installed on the first connecting ear plates 404 and the second connecting ear plates 405 to limit the adjacent columns 10; then the end of the transverse distribution beam 20 is embedded and placed in the limiting groove 101 at the top of the column 10, and the longitudinal distribution beam 30 is installed to the top of the transverse distribution beam 20 to achieve rapid installation of the transverse distribution beam 20 and the longitudinal distribution beam 30; the support pipe 50 and the ventilation pipe 501 are simultaneously extended and installed between the support units; the air intake volume Q of the ventilation pipe 501 机 m³ / min is calculated and set based on the size of the air defense hole and the maximum number of people working in the air defense hole at the same time, specifically:

[0082] Since there is no internal combustion mechanical equipment in the air-raid shelter, the ventilation calculation takes into account the amount of fresh air required when there are the most workers in the air-raid shelter, and the required air volume is calculated to be Q1m³ / min; according to the minimum wind speed specified in the air-raid shelter, the required air volume is calculated to be Q2m³ / min;

[0083] Calculation parameters are determined as follows: the cross-sectional area of ​​the air-raid hole is S㎡; the ventilation distance of the air-raid hole is Lm; the maximum number of people working in the air-raid hole is m; the diameter of the ventilation pipe 501 is φmm; the air leakage rate of the ventilation pipe 501 per 100 meters is β; and at the same time, Figure 2 As shown, the length and height of the civil air defense hole opening are 2m×2.1m, and the diameter of the ventilation pipe 501 is set to φ20mm;

[0084] Calculation of the amount of fresh air Q1 required for the maximum number of workers in the air defense hole:

[0085] Q1=Ω×K×m=3×1.25×10=37.5m³ / min; Ω is the standard of fresh air supply per person per minute in the air defense hole of 3m³ / min; K is the air volume reserve coefficient of 1.25;

[0086] Calculation of the air volume Q2 required for the minimum wind speed allowed in the air defense hole:

[0087] Q2=60×V×S=60×0.15×4.2=37.8m³ / min; 60 is the conversion constant between min and s; V is the minimum allowable wind speed in the air defense hole, 0.15m / s; S is the excavation cross-sectional area, 4.2㎡;

[0088] Through the above calculation, the air supply capacity of the equipment is Q max =Max(Q1, Q2)=37.8m³ / min;

[0089] Q 机 =Q max / (1-β) L / 100 =37.8m³ / min;

[0090] The fan should have sufficient wind pressure h to overcome the pipe system resistance h 阻 , that is, h>h 阻 , calculated as follows:

[0091] h 阻 =∑h 动 +∑h 沿 +∑h 局 =1034.5Pa;

[0092] Where, the dynamic pressure h at the outlet of the ventilation pipe 501 is 动 50Pa;

[0093] 1) h沿 Pressure loss calculation:

[0094] h 沿 =α×L×U×P×Q 2 max×g / s 3 =895Pa;

[0095] In the formula, α is the friction coefficient of the air duct, and α=3×10 -4 kg·s 2 / m³;

[0096] L is the length of the air duct, which is 32m;

[0097] U is the perimeter of the duct, U=πD=0.628m;

[0098] P is the air leakage coefficient, P=1 / (1-β) L / 100 =1.01, β=1.5%;

[0099] Q max The required air volume in the tunnel is 38m³ / min=0.63m³ / s;

[0100] g is the acceleration due to gravity, which is 10m / s 2 ;

[0101] S is the cross-sectional area of ​​the duct, S=πD 2 / 4=0.03㎡;

[0102] 2) h 局 Pressure loss calculation, estimated at 10% of the pressure loss along the way:

[0103] h 局 =h 沿 ×10%=89.5Pa;

[0104] A grouting pipe network 705 is pre-buried and installed on the inner wall of the air defense hole. A plurality of grouting pipe heads 706 are connected to the grouting pipe network 705. A sealing plastic is provided on the ends of the plurality of grouting pipe heads 706. Figure 5 As shown, a plurality of grouting pipe heads 706 are all directly opposite to and in close contact with the inner wall of the civil air defense hole; the grouting pipe network 705 is arranged in a circumferential direction around the longitudinal cross-sectional profile of the civil air defense hole;

[0105] A first plugging template 601 is vertically installed at one end of the construction affected section, a plurality of intermediate segment templates 602 are vertically installed at the middle of the construction affected section, and a second plugging template is also vertically installed at the other end of the construction affected section; concrete pouring holes 701, observation holes 702, overflow holes 703 and grouting holes 704 are reserved at the highest points of the intermediate segment template 602 and the second plugging template, and the first plugging template 601, the intermediate segment template 602 and the second plugging template are all constructed by 24 wall masonry, and a concrete pouring pipe 711 is pre-installed at the concrete pouring hole 701; in this process, after the construction of the first plugging template 601 is completed, the intermediate segment template 602 near the first plugging template 601 and the supporting unit between the first plugging template 601 are dismantled, and then the intermediate segment template 602 or the second plugging template is installed; then as Figure 4 As shown, C20 type concrete is poured through the concrete pouring pipe 711 and the concrete pouring hole 701, and poured in layers along the height direction of the air defense hole. After the concrete overflows from the overflow hole 703, the concrete pouring hole 701, the observation hole 702, the overflow hole 703 and the grouting hole 704 are blocked, and the grouting hole 704 is connected to the grouting pipe network 705; after the concrete is initially set, this step is repeated until the concrete between the second plugging template and the first plugging template 601 is solidified;

[0106] The elastic wave reflection method is used to detect the solidification quality of concrete. If a cavity is detected between the concrete and the inner wall of the air-raid shelter hole, micro-expansion cement mortar is injected into the grouting pipe network 705 through the grouting hole 704. The micro-expansion cement mortar transported by the grouting pipe network 705 carries grouting pressure. The grouting pressure breaks through the sealing plastic on the grouting pipe head 706. The micro-expansion cement mortar is injected into the cavity between the concrete and the inner wall of the air-raid shelter hole to fill the cavity.

[0107] When the construction affected section is partially a straight segment, the distance between the first plugging template 601 and the adjacent middle segment template 602 or the second plugging template, and the distance between the middle segment template 602 and the adjacent middle segment template 602 or the second plugging template can be controlled at 4-5m. When the construction affected section is partially a curved segment, the segment length can be shortened.

[0108] When the support unit in this embodiment is installed and used, it can be adaptively distributed and installed according to the path conditions of the civil air defense holes, and can adapt to civil air defense holes with different paths; when disassembling and assembling the support unit, it is only necessary to disassemble and assemble the transverse distribution beam 20 and the longitudinal distribution beam 30 to complete the installation at the top of the column 10, and at the same time, quickly disassemble and assemble the pin 403 to complete the disassembly of the first connecting ear plate 404 and the second connecting ear plate 405; the support pipe 50 and the ventilation pipe 501 are disassembled and assembled simultaneously, and the disassembly and assembly of the support unit is convenient and efficient, and can adapt to the rapid disassembly and assembly in more dangerous environments such as civil air defense holes.

[0109] At the same time, since a limiting groove 101 is provided on the top of the column 10 for the end of the transverse distribution beam 20 to be embedded and placed, the limiting groove 101 is 5 cm high and 11 cm wide. The limiting groove 101 at the top of the column 10 can fully limit the transverse distribution beam 20, and it is also convenient to install the transverse distribution beam 20 and the column 10; the length of the longitudinal distribution beam 30 is shorter, so that the longitudinal distribution beam 30 is not affected by the curvature of the distribution of the civil air defense holes during installation, and it is easier to install the longitudinal distribution beam 30; since the overall height of the support unit is 10-20 cm smaller than the longitudinal section profile height of the civil air defense holes, when the transverse distribution beam 20 and the longitudinal distribution beam 30 on the top of the column 10 are installed, there is a certain disassembly and assembly space at the top of the column 10, which makes the disassembly and assembly of the support unit more convenient.

[0110] When the plugging construction method of deep-buried civil air defense holes in the city is adopted, the pipeline robot and the automatic retractable wire-laying equipment can be used in conjunction, so that the environment inside the civil air defense holes can be estimated before construction, which is convenient for construction personnel to carry out pretreatment or prevention, and the length of the civil air defense holes can be accurately measured; when the support unit is installed and plugged, the construction personnel are equipped with gas detection alarms, pump-suction gas detectors, in-hole lighting and hand-held machinery, and the voltages controlling the in-hole lighting and hand-held machinery are less than or equal to 36V. The gas detection alarms and pump-suction gas detectors can detect the air inside the civil air defense holes in real time, which is convenient for knowing the oxygen content and the content of harmful gases in the civil air defense holes, and further avoids the ignition of flammable gases by in-hole lighting and hand-held machinery, so as to ensure the working safety of personnel in the civil air defense holes.

[0111] During construction, the ventilation pipe 501 can input air from outside the civil air defense hole into the civil air defense hole to avoid too low oxygen content in the civil air defense hole; and in this process, the ventilator can cooperate with the ventilation pipe 501 to increase the oxygen content in the civil air defense hole. When the ventilator and the ventilation pipe 501 are used for oxygen supply, various parameters of the civil air defense hole and the 100-meter air leakage rate β of the ventilation pipe 501 are calculated, and Q1, Q2 and Q 机 Calculate and then accurately obtain Q 机 In this process, the pipe system resistance of the ventilation pipe 501 and the air leakage rate β per 100 meters are also comprehensively considered. The power required by the fan when the air is entering and the diameter of the ventilation pipe 501 can be comprehensively considered to ensure continuous oxygen supply without waste, thereby improving construction safety and reducing costs.

[0112] When, during the construction process, the bedrock in the civil air defense hole collapses or falls, the construction workers can enter the support pipe 50. The support pipe 50 can resist the collapsed or fallen bedrock and provide cover for the construction workers. At the same time, the ventilation pipe 501 in the support pipe 50 can provide oxygen for the construction workers. The support pipe 50 can also protect the ventilation pipe 501 in this process to prevent the ventilation pipe 501 from being partially crushed or blocked by the bedrock, so that oxygen can be continuously supplied even in dangerous situations. At the same time, the support pipe 50 can be used for escape in critical situations, and the safety of the construction workers is guaranteed.

[0113] During the construction and plugging process, the first plugging template 601, the middle segment template 602 and the second plugging template are used to carry out segmented plugging construction on the construction affected section, which can dismantle several support units in sections, and is also convenient for filling and solidifying concrete in sections, which can improve the uniformity of concrete solidification in the construction affected section, and facilitates the observation hole 702 and the overflow hole 703 during the construction process to observe whether the concrete is filled completely, thereby improving the concrete filling completeness in the construction affected section.

[0114] After testing the quality of concrete solidification, the grouting network 705 and the grouting pipe head 706 can be used to inject micro-expanding cement mortar into the voids between the concrete and the inner walls of the civil air defense holes. The micro-expanding cement mortar can also expand, thereby achieving rapid and accurate filling of the voids, further improving the density and sealing strength of the concrete filling in the construction affected section.

[0115] Example 2

[0116] The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is basically as shown in the attached Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, a threaded column 80 is coaxially threadedly installed on the lower end of the column 10, and a support column 81 is threadedly installed on the end of the threaded column 80 away from the column 10. The threads at the upper and lower ends of the threaded column 80 turn in opposite directions, and a steering handle 801 is radially arranged in the middle of the threaded column 80, and anti-slip grooves 802 are also arranged on the outer wall of the threaded column 80.

[0117] In the present embodiment, when the assembled support for the deep-buried civil air defense holes in the city is in use and installed, the support column 81 can support the column 10 and the threaded column 80. The threaded column 80 is rotated by holding the steering handle 801, and the threaded column 80 lifts the column 10 or contracts the column 10, thereby adjusting the overall height of the column 10. The gap between the column 10 and the top surface of the civil air defense hole can be adjusted, which is convenient for adjusting the installation space of the transverse distribution beam 20 and the longitudinal distribution beam 30. At the same time, it also makes the installation of the column 10 more suitable for civil air defense holes of different heights, and the recycling and reuse range of the support unit is wider and more reliable.

[0118] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for sealing deep-buried civil air defense holes in cities, characterized in that: It includes assembled support for deep-buried civil air defense holes in cities, and the assembled support for deep-buried civil air defense holes in cities includes several support units, and the support units include: A column, which can be vertically arranged at a vertical side wall of the civil air defense hole; A transverse distribution beam, the two ends of which are detachably connected to the top of the column; A longitudinal distribution beam, wherein the longitudinal distribution beam is detachably mounted on the transverse distribution beam, and the axis of the longitudinal distribution beam intersects or is perpendicular to the axis of the transverse distribution beam; A plurality of connection components, wherein the connection components are installed between two adjacent columns and arranged along the axis direction of the civil air defense hole; An escape system, the escape system being arranged along the axis of the civil air defense hole; The connection component comprises: Crossbar; The oblique rod, the ends of the cross rod and the oblique rod are both provided with a first connecting ear plate, the side wall of the column is provided with a plurality of second connecting ear plates that can cooperate with the first connecting ear plates, and the first connecting ear plates and the second connecting ear plates are detachably connected and rotatably connected; It also includes a pin shaft, which is detachably mounted on the first connecting ear plate and the second connecting ear plate, and the axis of the pin shaft is perpendicular to the axis direction of the civil air defense hole; The top of the column is provided with a limiting notch for the end of the transverse distribution beam to be embedded; The escape system comprises: A plurality of supporting pipes for people to pass through, wherein the ends of the supporting pipes can be coaxially detachably connected to adjacent supporting pipes; A ventilation pipe, wherein the ventilation pipe is sleeved in the supporting pipe; A threaded column is coaxially threadedly installed on the lower end of the column, a support column is threadedly installed on the end of the threaded column away from the column, the threads on the upper and lower ends of the threaded column turn in opposite directions, and a steering handle is radially arranged in the middle of the threaded column; The ventilation pipe is connected to a ventilator; It also includes a pipeline robot and automatic pay-off and reel equipment, and the following steps: Prepare several support units; The pipeline robot enters the civil air defense hole, obtains and records the environmental photos or environmental video information inside the civil air defense hole; after obtaining, the pipeline robot moves back to the outside of the civil air defense hole; The automatic wire-retracting and -releasing device enters the civil air defense hole, and measures the length of the civil air defense hole in the axial direction; after obtaining the length, the automatic wire-retracting and -releasing device moves outside the civil air defense hole; Divide the construction impact section of civil air defense holes according to the design of urban deep foundation pit excavation; Pump out the silt and accumulated water at the entrance and inside of the air defense holes; Several support units are installed in the air defense holes; support pipes and ventilation pipes are installed between the support units simultaneously; the air intake volume of the ventilation pipe is Q 机 m³ / min is calculated and set based on the size of the air defense hole and the maximum number of people working in the air defense hole at the same time, specifically: Since there is no internal combustion mechanical equipment in the air-raid shelter, the ventilation calculation takes into account the amount of fresh air required when there are the most workers in the air-raid shelter, and the required air volume is calculated to be Q1m³ / min; according to the minimum wind speed specified in the air-raid shelter, the required air volume is calculated to be Q2m³ / min; Calculation parameters are determined as follows: the cross-sectional area of ​​the air-raid hole is S㎡; the ventilation distance of the air-raid hole is Lm; the maximum number of people working in the air-raid hole is m; the diameter of the ventilation pipe is φmm; the air leakage rate of the ventilation pipe per 100 meters is β; Calculation of the amount of fresh air Q1 required for the maximum number of workers in the air defense hole: Q1=Ω×K×m; Ω is the standard of fresh air supply per person per minute in the air defense hole, which is 2.8-3.2m³ / min; K is the air volume reserve coefficient, 1.15-1.25; Calculation of the air volume Q2 required for the minimum wind speed allowed in the air defense hole: Q2=60×V×S; 60 is the conversion constant between min and s; V is the minimum wind speed allowed in the air defense hole, 0.13-0.17m / s; Through the above calculation, take Q max =Max(Q1,Q2); Q 机 =Q max / (1-β) L / 100 ; Pre-buried grouting pipe network is installed on the inner wall of the air defense hole; A first plugging template is vertically installed at one end of the construction affected section, a number of intermediate segment templates are vertically installed in the middle of the construction affected section, and a second plugging template is also vertically installed at the other end of the construction affected section; concrete pouring holes, observation holes and overflow holes are reserved at the highest points of the intermediate segment templates and the second plugging templates; After the construction of the first plugging template is completed, the intermediate segment template near the first plugging template and the supporting unit between the first plugging template are disassembled, and then the intermediate segment template is installed; then concrete is poured through the concrete pouring hole, and this step is repeated after the concrete is initially set until the concrete between the second plugging template and the first plugging template is solidified; Check the quality of concrete solidification. If voids are detected between the concrete and the inner walls of the air defense holes, grouting is performed between the inner walls of the air defense holes through the grouting pipe network.

2. A method for sealing deep-buried civil air defense holes in cities as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: When the grouting pipe network is pre-installed, a plurality of grouting pipe heads are installed and connected to the grouting pipe network, and sealing plastics are provided on the ends of the plurality of grouting pipe heads. The plurality of grouting pipe heads are directly opposite to and fit the inner wall of the civil air defense hole; the grouting pipe network is arranged in a circumferential direction around the longitudinal section profile of the civil air defense hole; When the grouting pipe network is grouting between the inner walls of the civil air defense holes, the concrete transported by the grouting pipe network carries grouting pressure, and the grouting pressure breaks through the sealing plastic on the grouting pipe head.

3. A method for sealing deep-buried civil air defense holes in cities as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The concrete injected into the grouting pipe network is micro-expansive cement mortar.

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