Low-cost multifunctional spectrometer

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-cost multifunctional spectrometer, and relates to the technical field of spectrometer equipment. The spectrograph comprises a spectrograph main body, the lead-in end of an input optical fiber is connected with a 1 * 2 optical switch, the shunt end of the 1 * 2 optical switch is respectively connected with a grating assembly with a diffraction light angle and a grating rotating mirror group, and the lead-in end of the grating assembly is connected with a 1 * 2 shunt. The output light of the grating and the reflector group is separately split into one beam for output through the 1 * 2 splitter, so that the spectrometer has the function of an optical tunable filter while keeping the function of the spectrometer, the light is introduced into a fine scanning mode through the 1 * 2 optical switch, and the 1 * N optical switch and the N-path grating rotating mirror group can enable the fine scanning range to cover a wider scanning range. By adopting the multi-line grating and the MEMS reflector group, the precision of the spectrograph is improved, the output light of the grating and the reflector group is independently split into one beam through the 1 * 2 splitter to be connected with the PD, and the coarse scanning time of the spectrograph is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of spectrometer equipment, and in particular to a low-cost and multifunctional spectrometer. Background Art

[0002] A spectrometer is an instrument used to analyze the wavelength and intensity distribution of light. Its basic principle involves the dispersion, detection and analysis of light. Here are the basic principles of a spectrometer:

[0003] The spectrometer disperses the input light into a spectrum of different wavelengths through a dispersive element (such as a prism or grating). When light passes through the dispersive element, light of different wavelengths is refracted or reflected at different angles, resulting in a series of wavelength-separated spectra. The dispersed spectrum is directed to the detection system. Lenses, optical fibers, or reflectors are usually used to collect and direct the spectrum. These optical elements help focus the dispersed light onto the detector. The detector is usually a photodiode. When light shines on the detector, the photons excite electrons to produce a current or voltage output, which represents the light intensity. The processed signal is converted into a digital signal, which can be reconstructed and analyzed by computer software. These software usually use mathematical algorithms and statistical methods to process the spectral data to extract useful information such as wavelength, intensity, peak position, etc. Through these steps, the spectrometer is able to analyze the input light into data of its wavelength and intensity distribution.

[0004] Existing spectrometers have many limitations, including the use of CCD arrays, which leads to high costs, the need for complex optical paths, the ability to only perform spectral scanning and single functions, and large size. To address these challenges, this patent proposes an innovative, low-cost, miniaturized, multifunctional solution that can significantly improve the cost, optical path, single function, and large size of existing spectrometers. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems and provide a low-cost and multifunctional spectrometer.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention specifically adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A low-cost multifunctional spectrometer comprises a spectrometer body, wherein the input optical fiber introduction end is connected to a 1×2 optical switch, the branch ends of the 1×2 optical switch are respectively connected to a grating component and a grating rotating mirror group of a diffraction light angle, the introduction end of the grating component is connected to a 1×2 splitter, the 1×2 splitter divides light into an optically tunable filter branch and a coarse-scanning spectrometer branch, the optically tunable filter branch is connected to an exiting optical fiber, the coarse-scanning spectrometer branch is connected to a photoelectric detector, the rear end of the photoelectric detector is connected to a processor and a display screen, the fine-scanning spectrometer branch comprises a 1×2 optical switch, the 1×2 optical switch is connected to a 1×N optical switch after being led out, the rear end of the 1×N optical switch is connected to a grating rotating mirror group, the rear end of the grating rotating mirror group is connected to a 1×N optical switch, and the 1×N optical switch is respectively connected to the photoelectric detector, the processor and the display screen.

[0008] Furthermore, the grating rotating mirror group consists of a collimating lens, a grating body, a quarter wave plate, and a MEMS rotating mirror.

[0009] Furthermore, the grating assembly comprises a MEMS rotating mirror, the MEMS rotating mirror is fixedly mounted on the inner bottom base of the spectrometer body, and a grating body is obliquely arranged above the MEMS rotating mirror, a collimating lens is arranged on the left side of the grating body, and the collimating lens is respectively connected to the 1×2 splitter and the 1×2 optical switch, the grating body is a transmission grating, and a quarter wave plate (5) is arranged above the MEMS rotating mirror.

[0010] Furthermore, the grating assembly includes a MEMS rotating mirror, which is fixedly mounted on the inner bottom base of the spectrometer body, and a grating body is obliquely arranged above the MEMS rotating mirror, a collimating lens is arranged on the left side of the grating body, and the collimating lens is respectively connected to a 1×2 splitter and a 1×2 optical switch, and the grating body is a transmission grating.

[0011] Furthermore, the grating assembly includes a MEMS rotating mirror, which is fixedly mounted on the inner bottom base of the spectrometer body, and a grating body is obliquely arranged above the MEMS rotating mirror, a collimating lens is arranged on the left side of the grating body, and the collimating lens is respectively connected to a 1×2 splitter and a 1×2 optical switch, the grating body is a reflective grating, and a quarter wave plate is arranged above the MEMS rotating mirror.

[0012] Furthermore, the 1×2 optical switch can adjust the optical path to a fine scanning mode.

[0013] Furthermore, the energy distribution of the 1×2 splitter is 50%:50%.

[0014] Furthermore, the dark current of the photodetector is at the pA level, and the response speed reaches the ps level.

[0015] Furthermore, the 1×N optical switch can introduce light into different branches as required.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] 1. The present invention uses a 1×2 splitter to separate the output light of the grating and the reflector group into a separate output beam, so that it retains the function of a spectrometer while also having the function of an optically tunable filter.

[0018] 2. The present invention introduces light into the precision scanning mode through a 1×2 optical switch, and then a 1×N optical switch and an N-way grating rotating mirror group can make the precision scanning range cover a wider scanning range.

[0019] 3. The present invention improves the accuracy of the spectrometer by adopting a multi-line grating and a MEMS reflector group.

[0020] 4. The present invention uses a 1×2 splitter to separate a beam of output light from the grating and the reflector group and connect it to the PD, thereby shortening the rough scanning time of the spectrometer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 Schematic diagrams of embodiments 1 and 3 of a low-cost multifunctional spectrometer according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a low-cost multifunctional spectrometer according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a fourth embodiment of a low-cost multifunctional spectrometer according to the present invention;

[0024] Numbers in the figure: 1. Input optical fiber; 2. 1×2 optical switch; 3. Collimating lens; 4. Grating body; 5. Quarter wave plate; 6. MEMS rotating mirror; 7. 1×2 splitter; 8. Output optical fiber; 9. Photodetector; 10. 1×N optical switch; 11. Grating rotating mirror assembly; 12. 1×N optical switch; 13. Photodetector; 14. Processor; 15. Display screen. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0026] Embodiment 1, as Figure 1-3As shown, a low-cost multifunctional spectrometer includes a spectrometer body, an input optical fiber 1 is connected to a 1×2 optical switch 2 at the lead-in end, a grating component of a diffraction light angle and a grating rotating mirror group 11 are respectively connected to the branch end of the 1×2 optical switch 2, a 1×2 splitter 7 is connected to the lead-in end of the grating component, and the 1×2 splitter 7 divides the light into an optical tunable filter branch and a coarse scanning spectrometer branch, the optical tunable filter branch is connected to an output optical fiber 8, the coarse scanning spectrometer branch is connected to a photodetector 9, and the rear end of the photodetector 9 A processor 14 and a display screen 15 are connected, and the precision scanning spectrometer branch includes a 1×2 optical switch 2. The 1×2 optical switch 2 is connected to a 1×N optical switch 10 after being led out. The rear end of the 1×N optical switch 10 is connected to a grating rotating mirror group 11. The rear end of the grating rotating mirror group 11 is connected to a 1×N optical switch 12. The 1×N optical switch 12 is respectively connected to a photodetector 13, a processor 14 and a display screen 15. The grating rotating mirror group 11 is composed of a collimating lens 3, a grating body 4, a quarter wave plate 5, and a MEMS rotating mirror 6.

[0027] The spectrometer disperses light of different wavelengths through a grating component, and uses a micro-electromechanical system MEMS mirror to reflect the light of different wavelengths into the optical fiber one by one, and finally analyzes the spectral information one by one through a photodetector PD and a processor. The 1×2 optical switch 2 is used to selectively guide the input light according to specific needs, and can switch the input light beam to a coarse scanning spectrometer branch or a fine scanning spectrometer branch according to a set control instruction. In the coarse scanning spectrometer branch, the input light passes through a grating mirror group to capture the overall characteristics and main band information of the spectrum; and in the fine scanning spectrometer branch, the input light passes through a narrow-band grating mirror group to achieve high-resolution scanning and detailed analysis of the signal light. The optical splitter 7 divides the incident light beam into two paths, one of which is used as an optical tunable filter branch, and the other is used as a coarse scanning spectrometer branch. The optical tunable filter branch can select and filter light of a specific wavelength, while the coarse scanning spectrometer branch can obtain the overall characteristics of the spectrum.

[0028] Embodiment 2, as Figure 1 As shown, the grating assembly includes a MEMS rotating mirror 6, which is fixedly mounted on the inner bottom base of the spectrometer body, and a grating body 4 is obliquely arranged above the MEMS rotating mirror 6, a collimating lens 3 is arranged on the left side of the grating body 4, and the collimating lens 3 is respectively connected to a 1×2 splitter 7 and a 1×2 optical switch 2, the grating body 4 is a transmission grating, and a quarter wave plate 5 is arranged above the MEMS rotating mirror 6.

[0029] When the main body of the spectrometer is working, the incident light enters the 1×2 optical switch 2 from the incident optical fiber 1, and the coarse scanning spectrometer and the filter group enter the collimating lens group 3 to become collimated light, and then passes through the grating body 4 to be diffracted, and the light of different wavelengths will be separated by a certain angle. The narrower the grating slit, the finer the resolution light can be obtained. After that, the resolution light passes through the quarter-wave plate 5 to adjust the polarization state of the light, optimize the polarization characteristics of the device, and finally reaches the MEMS mirror 6. By changing the voltage of the MEMS mirror 6, the angle of the MEMS mirror 6 rotates, so that the resolution light of a specific wavelength angle is reflected back to a specific output angle for output, so that the light of different wavelengths enters the 1×2 optical splitter 7 and is divided into two paths, one of which enters the output optical fiber 8 to form a structure. The optical filter is formed into an adjustable optical filter branch; one light path enters the photodetector 9 to convert the optical signal into an electrical signal, and then enters the processor 14 through the circuit for analysis and display on the display screen 15, forming a rough scanning spectrum analyzer; when the incident light enters the 1×2 optical switch 2 from the incident optical fiber 1, it can be selected to enter the fine scanning spectrometer branch, and the band light that needs to be finely scanned is introduced into the corresponding path in the 1×N optical switch 10, and then diffracted after passing through the narrow-band grating MEMS rotating mirror group 11, and the analyzed light of a specific wavelength angle is reflected back to a specific output angle through the 1×N optical switch 12 to be output to the PD detector 13, the optical signal is converted into an electrical signal, and then enters the processor 14 through the circuit for analysis and display on the display screen 15, forming a fine scanning spectrum analyzer.

[0030] Embodiment three, as Figure 2 As shown, the grating assembly includes a MEMS rotating mirror 6, which is fixedly mounted on the inner bottom base of the spectrometer body, and a grating body 4 is obliquely arranged above the MEMS rotating mirror 6, a collimating lens 3 is arranged on the left side of the grating body 4, and the collimating lens 3 is respectively connected to the 1×2 splitter 7 and the 1×2 optical switch 2, and the grating body 4 is a transmission grating.

[0031] The incident light enters the 1×2 optical switch 2 from the incident optical fiber 1, and the coarse scanning spectrometer and the filter group enter the collimating lens group 3 to become collimated light, and then passes through the grating body 4 to be diffracted, and the light of different wavelengths will be separated by a certain angle. The narrower the grating slit, the finer the resolution light can be obtained. Then the resolution light reaches the MEMS mirror 6. By changing the voltage of the MEMS mirror 6, the angle of the MEMS mirror 6 rotates, so that the resolution light of a specific wavelength angle is reflected back to a specific output angle for output, so that the light of different wavelengths enters the 1×2 optical splitter 7 and is divided into two paths. One path enters the output optical fiber 8 to form an adjustable optical filter branch; one path enters the photodetector 9 to convert the optical signal into an electrical signal and then passes through the circuit to The incident light enters the processor 14 for analysis and is displayed on the display screen 15, thus forming a rough scanning spectrometer. When the incident light enters the 1×2 optical switch 2 from the incident optical fiber 1, it can be selected to enter the fine scanning spectrometer branch, and the band light that needs fine scanning is introduced into the corresponding one in the 1×N optical switch 10, and then diffracted after passing through the narrow-band grating MEMS mirror group 11, and the analyzed light of a specific wavelength angle is reflected back to a specific output angle through the 1×N optical switch 12 to be output to the PD detector 13, and the optical signal is converted into an electrical signal and then enters the processor 14 through the circuit for analysis and is displayed on the display screen 15, thus forming a fine scanning spectrometer. In this way, the quarter wave plate 5 located above the MEMS mirror 6 is removed, thereby further reducing the cost of the device.

[0032] Embodiment 4, as Figure 3 As shown, the grating assembly includes a MEMS rotating mirror 6, which is fixedly mounted on the inner bottom base of the spectrometer body, and a grating body 4 is obliquely arranged above the MEMS rotating mirror 6, a collimating lens 3 is arranged on the left side of the grating body 4, and the collimating lens 3 is respectively connected to the 1×2 splitter 7 and the 1×2 optical switch 2, the grating body 4 is a reflective grating, and a quarter wave plate 5 is arranged above the MEMS rotating mirror 6.

[0033] The incident light enters the 1×2 optical switch 2 from the incident optical fiber 1, and enters the collimating lens group 3 through the coarse scanning spectrometer and the filter group to become collimated light. Then, it passes through the grating body 4 to change the transmitted analytical light into reflected analytical light, thereby increasing the use range of analytical light of the device. After that, the analytical light passes through the quarter-wave plate 5 to adjust the polarization state of the light, optimize the polarization characteristics of the device, and finally reaches the MEMS rotating mirror 6. By changing the voltage of the MEMS rotating mirror 6, the angle of the MEMS rotating mirror 6 rotates, thereby reflecting the analytical light of a specific wavelength angle back to a specific output angle for output, thereby realizing that light of different wavelengths enters the 1×2 optical splitter 7 and is divided into two paths, one of which enters the output optical fiber 8 to form an adjustable optical filter branch; The light of the first optical fiber 1 enters the photodetector 9 to convert the optical signal into an electrical signal, and then enters the processor 14 through the circuit for analysis and display on the display screen 15, forming a rough scanning spectrum analyzer; when the incident light enters the 1×2 optical switch 2 from the incident optical fiber 1, it can be selected to enter the fine scanning spectrometer branch, and the band light that needs to be finely scanned is introduced into the corresponding one of the 1×N optical switch 10, and then diffracted after passing through the narrow-band grating MEMS rotating mirror group 11, and the analyzed light of a specific wavelength angle is reflected back to a specific output angle through the 1×N optical switch 12 to the PD detector 13, and the optical signal is converted into an electrical signal, and then enters the processor 14 through the circuit for analysis and display on the display screen 15, forming a fine scanning spectrum analyzer.

[0034] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A low-cost multifunctional spectrometer, comprising a spectrometer body, characterized in that: The input optical fiber (1) is connected to a 1×2 optical switch (2) at its introduction end, and the branching ends of the 1×2 optical switch (2) are respectively connected to a grating component of a diffraction light angle and a grating rotating mirror group (11). The introduction end of the grating component is connected to a 1×2 splitter (7), and the 1×2 splitter (7) splits the light into an optically tunable filter branch and a coarse-scanning spectrometer branch. The optically tunable filter branch is connected to an output optical fiber (8), and the coarse-scanning spectrometer branch is connected to a photodetector (9). The photodetector ( 9) is connected to a processor (14) and a display screen (15), the precision scanning spectrometer branch includes a 1×2 optical switch (2), the 1×2 optical switch (2) is connected to a 1×N optical switch (10) after being led out, the rear end of the 1×N optical switch (10) is connected to a grating rotating mirror group (11), the rear end of the grating rotating mirror group (11) is connected to a 1×N optical switch (12), and the 1×N optical switch (12) is respectively connected to a photoelectric detector (13), a processor (14) and a display screen (15).

2. A low-cost multifunctional spectrometer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grating rotating mirror assembly (11) consists of a collimating lens (3), a grating body (4), a quarter wave plate (5), and a MEMS rotating mirror (6).

3. A low-cost multifunctional spectrometer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grating assembly comprises a MEMS rotating mirror (6), the MEMS rotating mirror (6) is fixedly mounted on the inner bottom base of the spectrometer body, and a grating body (4) is arranged obliquely above the MEMS rotating mirror (6), a collimating lens (3) is arranged on the left side of the grating body (4), and the collimating lens (3) is respectively connected to a 1×2 splitter (7) and a 1×2 optical switch (2), the grating body (4) is a transmission grating, and a quarter wave plate (5) is arranged above the MEMS rotating mirror (6).

4. A low-cost multifunctional spectrometer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grating assembly comprises a MEMS rotating mirror (6), the MEMS rotating mirror (6) is fixedly mounted on the inner bottom base of the spectrometer body, and a grating body (4) is arranged obliquely above the MEMS rotating mirror (6), a collimating lens (3) is arranged on the left side of the grating body (4), and the collimating lens (3) is respectively connected to a 1×2 splitter (7) and a 1×2 optical switch (2), and the grating body (4) is a transmission grating.

5. A low-cost multifunctional spectrometer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grating assembly comprises a MEMS rotating mirror (6), the MEMS rotating mirror (6) is fixedly mounted on the inner bottom base of the spectrometer body, and a grating body (4) is arranged obliquely above the MEMS rotating mirror (6), a collimating lens (3) is arranged on the left side of the grating body (4), and the collimating lens (3) is respectively connected to a 1×2 splitter (7) and a 1×2 optical switch (2), the grating body (4) is a reflective grating, and a quarter wave plate (5) is arranged above the MEMS rotating mirror (6).

6. A low-cost multifunctional spectrometer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The 1×2 optical switch (2) can adjust the optical path to a fine scanning mode.

7. A low-cost multifunctional spectrometer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy distribution of the 1×2 splitter (7) is 50%:50%.

8. A low-cost multifunctional spectrometer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photodetector (9) has a dark current at the pA level and a response speed at the ps level.

9. A low-cost multifunctional spectrometer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The 1×N optical switch (2) can introduce light into different branches as required.

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