Method and device for correcting solar radiation quantity of photovoltaic station based on numerical mode

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of meteorological algorithm research, in particular to a photovoltaic station solar radiation amount correction method and device based on a numerical mode, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the content of aquatic particles in each layer of atmosphere above a target photovoltaic station based on an optimized WRF model, judging the current atmosphere state of each layer of atmosphere and the weakening correction coefficient of each layer of atmosphere to solar radiation, and calculating the reduction amount of each layer of atmosphere to solar radiation irradiance on a solar radiation transmission path from the atmosphere top layer to the target photovoltaic station layer by layer by using the weakening correction coefficient of each layer of atmosphere to solar radiation; and the final solar radiation irradiance after underlying atmosphere reduction is obtained, and the solar radiation irradiance actually received by the target photovoltaic field station is corrected according to the final solar radiation irradiance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of meteorological algorithm research, and in particular to a method and device for correcting solar radiation at a photovoltaic station based on a numerical model. Background Art

[0002] Numerical weather forecast, or numerical weather prediction, numerical weather prediction, numerical forecast, is a method of making weather forecasts by using the current weather conditions as input and solving the atmospheric motion equations through numerical methods given the initial and boundary conditions, so as to predict the atmospheric state at future times from the atmospheric state at the known initial time. Relying on numerical weather forecasts, meteorological services can currently achieve seamless time scale weather forecasts, such as short-term (0-several hours), short-term (1-3 days), medium-term (4-9 days) and extended period (10-30 days). In terms of spatial resolution, regional mesoscale numerical models can currently reach the hundred-meter level. Through coupling with other models (such as LES (Linear Expenditure System)), it can even reach within a hundred meters, realizing ultra-high resolution and refined simulation.

[0003] Since the successful experiment in the 1950s, after 70 years of development, numerical weather forecasting has become a complex and rigorous interdisciplinary systematic project, which has transformed weather forecasting from the traditional statistical and empirical weather map method to an objective and quantitative science. The history of the development and application of numerical weather forecasting from the concept of 100 years ago to 70 years of development and application shows that the progress of numerical weather forecasting is based on the accumulation of years of steady and continuous scientific cognition and technological progress. It can be said that numerical weather forecasting is a comprehensive reflection of the level of meteorological science and technology, and is also an important part of the core science and technology to ensure national economy, people's livelihood and national defense security.

[0004] Numerical models are affected by computable models. Initial fields, boundary conditions, parameterization schemes, etc. will introduce errors. Chaos theory will make it difficult for numerical models to make accurate predictions over a long period of time. Therefore, the forecast data of numerical models often have systematic deviations from actual observations.

[0005] Among the related technologies, weather forecasting is mainly carried out through the WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting, mesoscale numerical weather forecasting model) numerical model, GRAPES_Meso model or large eddy simulation technology. Among them, the WRF numerical model is a new generation of mesoscale numerical model system jointly developed by the National Center for Atmospheric Research, the National Center for Environmental Prediction and many universities, research institutes and business departments. It has advanced design concepts, and the model theme is written in Fortran90 language. It is flexible, effective and widely applicable to platforms. Its characteristics are advanced data assimilation technology, powerful nesting capabilities and advanced physical processes, especially in convection and mesoscale precipitation processing capabilities. The WRF model system is mainly composed of preprocessing WPS (WRF Preprocessing System, WRF preprocessing system), WRF main model and post-processing, such as NCL (The NCAR Command The WRF main model system is the core part, which takes into account complete physical process options, such as microphysics, cumulus convection, planetary boundary layer, land surface process, radiation and surface layer, etc. There are rich parameterization schemes to choose from in each physical process, which can generate the sources and sinks of power, heat and water vapor required by the model, and have a forcing and driving effect on the dynamic and thermal processes of the model.

[0006] The mesoscale version of the GRAPES_Meso (Global Regional Assimilation and Prediction System_Meso) model is a new generation of global / regional integrated numerical prediction system independently developed by the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences. It is mainly composed of a fully compressible dynamic framework and a physical parameterization program. The GRAPES_Meso model is a model for short-term weather forecasting. It can accurately forecast weather conditions under different conditions in the world and China, and has played an important role in the actual meteorological operations of the country and the region. The dynamic framework of the GRAPES_Meso model adopts vertical height terrain tracking coordinates, semi-implicit and semi-Lagrangian time convection schemes for time integral discretization, and Arakawa-C grid variable distribution and second-order precision central difference format and non-vertical discretization fluid static pressure approximation scheme in horizontal space. The main physical processes included are radiation transfer, turbulent mixing, wet convection and grid-scale precipitation process, land surface process and sub-grid scale terrain gravity wave drag, etc. The parameterization schemes describing each physical process can be freely combined and selected.

[0007] Large eddy simulation technology is widely used in the simulation of boundary layer turbulence, and a series of detailed and reliable high-resolution atmospheric turbulence information has been obtained. The basic idea of ​​large eddy simulation is that turbulent motion is composed of many vortices of different sizes. Large eddy and small eddy are treated separately by using a sufficiently fine grid scale (less than 100m). Since large-scale turbulent eddies carry most of the turbulent energy, they can be directly simulated; while small-scale turbulent eddies are generated by nonlinear interactions, which are not directly related to the instability of motion and boundary problems, and they play a dissipative role, making them easier to parameterize and close. The earliest large eddy simulation was conducted on typical convective boundary layers with obvious large eddy characteristics. With the improvement of computer technology, large eddy simulation has been extended to stable boundary layers and uneven underlying surfaces with more complex boundaries and less obvious large eddy characteristics. At the same time, the large eddy simulation mode has extremely high grid resolution and three-dimensional simulation effect on boundary layer turbulence, making it suitable for the study of various physical processes, such as deep and shallow convection, warm cloud precipitation convection, etc. Based on the unique advantages of large eddy simulation technology in boundary layer research, more and more mesoscale models hope to introduce high-resolution boundary layer schemes (large eddy simulation mechanisms) into numerical forecasting models, so as to significantly improve the simulation effect of the mesoscale model boundary layer. At the same time, it is also very important to introduce compensation mechanisms for the inherent dissipation problems in the advection schemes of mesoscale models.

[0008] However, the above numerical models have corresponding advantages, but also have some disadvantages: (1) The WRF numerical model has advanced data assimilation technology, powerful nesting capabilities, moderate computational cost, and rich physical parameterization schemes. However, the WRF numerical model is a traditional regional model with lateral boundary restrictions (two-way information communication is impossible inside and outside the regional grid). At the same time, it cannot directly achieve ultra-high resolution simulation and capture turbulent motion in the atmospheric boundary layer; (2) The GRAPES_Meso model has a rich combination of physical parameterization schemes, moderate computational cost, and good simulation effect in the Chinese region. However, the GRAPES_Meso model cannot achieve global accurate simulation, there is still a gap with the world's mainstream numerical forecasting models, and it is highly dependent on the initial field and boundary conditions; (3) Large eddy simulation technology can achieve ultra-high resolution simulation, directly capture most of the turbulent motion in the atmospheric boundary layer, and has advantages in capturing small-scale atmospheric motion in complex terrain and non-uniform underlying surfaces. However, large eddy simulation technology requires a lot of computing resources, has a high computational cost, and needs to be coupled with a mesoscale numerical model.

[0009] Therefore, it can be seen from the above that the related technology has the following problems:

[0010] (1) At present, the accuracy of power and output prediction of photovoltaic stations is generally low, among which meteorological factors have the most significant impact. For photovoltaic prediction, the atmospheric state above the station, especially clouds and precipitation processes, is one of the most important factors affecting the station's reception of solar radiation. The relevant technology lacks a means to effectively correct the station's solar radiation prediction results by identifying different atmospheric states;

[0011] (2) The simulation resolution commonly used in global / regional numerical prediction models in related technologies is relatively coarse, and the ability to simulate the atmospheric state above the photovoltaic stations in the simulation area, especially the cloud and precipitation processes, is insufficient, which can easily cause large errors;

[0012] (3) Currently, there are limited means to observe the gas components in the atmosphere, the size and concentration of aerosol particles, and the microphysical characteristics of clouds (the phase and content of water particles in clouds), and there is a lack of observational data. The use of high-resolution numerical simulation methods can directly quantitatively analyze the state of the entire atmosphere in the simulation area, especially the microphysical characteristics of clouds, so as to accurately correct the solar radiation at the site. Summary of the invention

[0013] The present application provides a method and device for correcting solar radiation at a photovoltaic station based on a numerical model, in order to solve the problems in the related art of lacking effective observation of gas components in the atmosphere above the photovoltaic station, the size and concentration of aerosol particles, and microphysical characteristics in the cloud (the phase and content of water particles in the cloud), and being unable to effectively correct the solar radiation prediction results of the station by identifying different atmospheric states, resulting in low accuracy of photovoltaic predictions at the station, and the problem of insufficient ability to simulate the atmospheric state above the photovoltaic station in the simulation area in a refined manner due to the fact that the global / regional numerical prediction models in the related art generally use a coarse simulation resolution.

[0014] The first aspect of the present application provides a method for correcting solar radiation in a photovoltaic station based on a numerical model, the method comprising:

[0015] Obtaining the content of water particles in each layer of the atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station based on the optimized WRF model, wherein the optimized WRF model is obtained by optimizing the WRF model constructed based on the basic data in the target simulation area;

[0016] Determine the current atmospheric state of each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station according to the content of water particles in each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station, and determine the correction coefficient of the weakening of solar radiation by each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station according to the current atmospheric state of each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station;

[0017] The solar radiation attenuation correction coefficient of each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station is used to calculate the reduction of the solar radiation irradiance by each layer of atmosphere on the solar radiation transmission path from the top atmosphere to the target photovoltaic station layer by layer, and the final solar radiation irradiance after the reduction by the bottom atmosphere is obtained. The solar radiation irradiance actually received by the target photovoltaic station is corrected according to the final solar radiation irradiance after the reduction by the bottom atmosphere.

[0018] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, before obtaining the content of water particles in each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station based on the optimized WRF model, it also includes:

[0019] Constructing a target simulation area with the target photovoltaic station as the center, and acquiring basic data in the target simulation area;

[0020] A WRF model is constructed based on the basic data, and the WRF model is optimized by setting an optimal physical parameterization scheme combination strategy to obtain an optimized WRF model. Calculations are performed based on the optimized WRF model, and the content of water particles in each layer of the atmosphere above the target photovoltaic site is obtained according to the calculation results.

[0021] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, constructing a target simulation area with the target photovoltaic station as the center includes:

[0022] Taking the target photovoltaic station as the center, a first preset number of nested patterns are set in the horizontal direction using a preset grid distribution, and a second preset number of atmospheric layer distributions are set in the vertical direction using a hybrid vertical coordinate system;

[0023] The target simulation area is obtained according to the nested pattern and the atmospheric distribution.

[0024] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, determining the current atmospheric state of each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station according to the content of water particles in each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station includes:

[0025] Obtaining the cloud droplet content in the target layer atmosphere;

[0026] Determining the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer according to the cloud droplet content in the atmosphere of the target layer;

[0027] If the cloud droplet content is greater than a first preset content threshold, determining that the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer is a cloudy state;

[0028] If the cloud droplet content is less than or equal to the first preset content threshold, it is determined that the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer is a cloudless state.

[0029] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, after determining the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer according to the cloud droplet content in the atmosphere of the target layer, the method further includes:

[0030] If the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer is a cloudless state, determining whether the cloud droplet content in the atmosphere of the target layer is equal to a second preset content threshold;

[0031] If the cloud droplet content in the target layer atmosphere is equal to the second preset content threshold, determining that the current atmospheric state of the target layer is clear sky atmosphere;

[0032] If the cloud droplet content in the atmosphere of the target layer is greater than the second preset content threshold and less than the first preset content threshold, it is determined that the current atmospheric state of the target layer is an aerosol atmosphere.

[0033] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, after determining the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer according to the cloud droplet content in the atmosphere of the target layer, the method further includes:

[0034] If the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer is a cloudy state, the ice crystal content, the raindrop content, the snow crystal content and the graupel content in the atmosphere of the target layer are obtained, and the current atmospheric state of the target layer is determined according to the cloud drop content, the ice crystal content, the raindrop content, the snow crystal content and the graupel content;

[0035] If the cloud drop content is greater than the first preset content threshold, and the rain drop content is greater than the first preset content threshold, it is determined that the current atmospheric state of the target layer is liquid phase cloud;

[0036] If the ice crystal content and the snow crystal content are both greater than a second preset content threshold, and the graupel content is greater than the first preset content threshold, it is determined that the current atmospheric state of the target layer is ice phase cloud;

[0037] If the cloud drop content, the rain drop content and the graupel content are all greater than the first preset content threshold, and the ice crystal content and the snow crystal content are both greater than the second preset content threshold, it is determined that the current atmospheric state of the target layer is a mixed phase cloud.

[0038] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, determining the correction coefficient of attenuation of solar radiation by each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station according to the current atmospheric state of each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station includes:

[0039] If the current atmospheric state is a clear sky atmosphere, determining a first attenuation correction coefficient of the target layer atmosphere on solar radiation according to the clear sky atmosphere;

[0040] If the current atmospheric state is an aerosol atmosphere, determining a second attenuation correction coefficient of the target layer atmosphere on solar radiation according to the aerosol atmosphere;

[0041] If the current atmospheric state is liquid phase cloud, ice phase cloud or mixed phase cloud, a third attenuation correction coefficient of the target layer atmosphere to solar radiation is determined according to the liquid phase cloud, the ice phase cloud or the mixed phase cloud.

[0042] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the attenuation correction coefficient of each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station is used to calculate the reduction of the solar radiation irradiance by each layer of atmosphere on the solar radiation transmission path from the top atmosphere to the target photovoltaic station layer by layer, and the final solar radiation irradiance after the reduction by the bottom atmosphere is obtained. According to the final solar radiation irradiance after the reduction by the bottom atmosphere, the solar radiation irradiance actually received by the target photovoltaic station is corrected, including:

[0043] Obtaining the incident solar radiation irradiance at the top layer of the atmosphere;

[0044] According to the order from the top atmosphere to the bottom atmosphere, based on the incident solar radiation irradiance of the top atmosphere and the preset solar radiation transfer equation, the incident solar radiation irradiance and the reduced solar radiation irradiance of each layer of the atmosphere are calculated in sequence to obtain the final solar radiation irradiance after reduction by the bottom atmosphere;

[0045] Correcting the solar radiation irradiance actually received by the target photovoltaic station according to the final solar radiation irradiance after being reduced by the bottom atmosphere;

[0046] Among them, the incident solar radiation irradiance of the current calculation layer atmosphere is the solar radiation irradiance after being reduced by the atmosphere of the upper layer of the current calculation layer atmosphere. The solar radiation irradiance after being reduced by the atmosphere of the current calculation layer atmosphere is calculated by inputting the incident solar radiation irradiance of the current calculation layer atmosphere and the attenuation correction coefficient of the current calculation layer atmosphere to the preset solar radiation transmission equation. Among them, if the current calculation layer is the top layer, the incident solar radiation irradiance of the current calculation layer atmosphere is the incident solar radiation irradiance of the top layer of the atmosphere.

[0047] The second aspect of the present application provides a photovoltaic station solar radiation correction device based on a numerical model, comprising:

[0048] A water content acquisition module is used to obtain the content of water particles in each layer of the atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station based on the optimized WRF model, wherein the optimized WRF model is obtained by optimizing the WRF model constructed based on the basic data in the target simulation area;

[0049] An atmospheric state determination module, used to determine the current atmospheric state of each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station according to the content of water particles in each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station, and determine the correction coefficient of the weakening of solar radiation by each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station according to the current atmospheric state of each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station;

[0050] The target photovoltaic station solar radiation correction module is used to calculate the reduction of solar radiation irradiance by each layer of atmosphere on the solar radiation transmission path from the top of the atmosphere to the target photovoltaic station layer by layer using the correction coefficient of the attenuation of solar radiation by each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station, and obtain the final solar radiation irradiance after the reduction by the bottom atmosphere, and correct the solar radiation irradiance actually received by the target photovoltaic station according to the final solar radiation irradiance after the reduction by the bottom atmosphere.

[0051] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, before obtaining the content of water particles in each layer of the atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station based on the optimized WRF model, the water content acquisition module further includes:

[0052] A target simulation area setting and basic data acquisition unit is used to construct a target simulation area with the target photovoltaic station as the center and obtain basic data in the target simulation area;

[0053] A model building and tuning unit is used to build a WRF model based on the basic data, and optimize the WRF model by setting the optimal physical parameterization scheme combination strategy to obtain an optimized WRF model, perform calculations based on the optimized WRF model, and obtain the content of water particles in each layer of the atmosphere above the target photovoltaic site according to the calculation results.

[0054] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the target simulation area setting and basic data acquisition unit includes:

[0055] A target simulation area division unit is used to set a first preset number of nested patterns in the horizontal direction using a preset grid distribution with the target photovoltaic station as the center, and to set a second preset number of atmospheric layer distributions in the vertical direction using a mixed vertical coordinate system;

[0056] A simulation area acquisition unit obtains the target simulation area according to the nested pattern and the atmospheric distribution.

[0057] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the atmospheric state determination module includes:

[0058] A cloud drop content acquisition unit, used to acquire the cloud drop content in the atmosphere of the target layer;

[0059] An initial atmospheric state determination unit, configured to determine a current initial atmospheric state of the target layer according to the cloud droplet content in the atmosphere of the target layer;

[0060] a cloud state determination unit, configured to determine that the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer is a cloud state if the cloud droplet content is greater than a first preset content threshold;

[0061] A cloudless state determination unit is used to determine that the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer is a cloudless state if the cloud droplet content is less than or equal to the first preset content threshold.

[0062] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, after determining the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer according to the cloud droplet content in the atmosphere of the target layer, the cloud-free state determination unit includes:

[0063] a cloud drop content determination subunit, configured to determine whether the cloud drop content in the atmosphere of the target layer is equal to a second preset content threshold value if the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer is a cloudless state;

[0064] a clear atmosphere determination subunit, configured to determine that the current atmospheric state of the target layer is clear atmosphere if the cloud drop content in the atmosphere of the target layer is equal to the second preset content threshold;

[0065] The aerosol atmosphere determination subunit is used to determine that the current atmospheric state of the target layer is an aerosol atmosphere if the cloud droplet content in the atmosphere of the target layer is greater than a second preset content threshold and less than a first preset content threshold.

[0066] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, after determining the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer according to the cloud droplet content in the atmosphere of the target layer, the cloud state determination unit includes:

[0067] a current atmospheric state determination unit, for obtaining the ice crystal content, raindrop content, snow crystal content and graupel content in the atmosphere of the target layer if the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer is a cloudy state, and determining the current atmospheric state of the target layer according to the cloud drop content, the ice crystal content, the raindrop content, the snow crystal content and the graupel content;

[0068] a liquid phase cloud determination subunit, configured to determine that the current atmospheric state of the target layer is liquid phase cloud if the cloud drop content is greater than the first preset content threshold and the raindrop content is greater than the first preset content threshold;

[0069] an ice phase cloud determination subunit, configured to determine that the current atmospheric state of the target layer is an ice phase cloud if both the ice crystal content and the snow crystal content are greater than the second preset content threshold, and the graupel content is greater than the first preset content threshold;

[0070] A mixed phase cloud determination subunit is used to determine that the current atmospheric state of the target layer is a mixed phase cloud if the cloud drop content, the rain drop content and the graupel content are all greater than the first preset content threshold, and the ice crystal content and the snow crystal content are both greater than the second preset content threshold.

[0071] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the atmospheric state determination module includes:

[0072] A first attenuation correction coefficient determining unit is used to determine a first attenuation correction coefficient of the target layer atmosphere to solar radiation according to the clear sky atmosphere if the current atmospheric state is a clear sky atmosphere;

[0073] a second attenuation correction coefficient determining unit, configured to determine, if the current atmospheric state is an aerosol atmosphere, a second attenuation correction coefficient of the target layer atmosphere to solar radiation according to the aerosol atmosphere;

[0074] The third attenuation correction coefficient determining unit is used to determine the third attenuation correction coefficient of the target layer atmosphere to solar radiation according to the liquid phase cloud, the ice phase cloud or the mixed phase cloud if the current atmospheric state is liquid phase cloud, ice phase cloud or mixed phase cloud.

[0075] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the target photovoltaic station solar radiation correction module includes:

[0076] A solar radiation irradiance acquisition unit, used to acquire the incident solar radiation irradiance of the top layer of the atmosphere;

[0077] A solar radiation irradiance layer-by-layer calculation unit is used to calculate the incident solar radiation irradiance and the reduced solar radiation irradiance of each layer of the atmosphere in order from the top layer of the atmosphere to the bottom layer of the atmosphere, based on the incident solar radiation irradiance of the top layer of the atmosphere and a preset solar radiation transfer equation, to obtain the final solar radiation irradiance after reduction by the bottom layer of the atmosphere;

[0078] A solar radiation irradiance correction unit, used to correct the solar radiation irradiance actually received by the target photovoltaic station according to the final solar radiation irradiance after being reduced by the bottom atmosphere;

[0079] Among them, the incident solar radiation irradiance of the current calculation layer atmosphere is the solar radiation irradiance after being reduced by the atmosphere of the upper layer of the current calculation layer atmosphere. The solar radiation irradiance after being reduced by the atmosphere of the current calculation layer atmosphere is calculated by inputting the incident solar radiation irradiance of the current calculation layer atmosphere and the attenuation correction coefficient of the current calculation layer atmosphere to the preset solar radiation transmission equation. Among them, if the current calculation layer is the top layer, the incident solar radiation irradiance of the current calculation layer atmosphere is the incident solar radiation irradiance of the top layer of the atmosphere.

[0080] The third aspect of the present application provides an electronic device, comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the method for correcting solar radiation in a photovoltaic station based on a numerical model as described in the above embodiment.

[0081] A fourth aspect of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-mentioned method for correcting solar radiation for a photovoltaic station based on a numerical model.

[0082] The fifth aspect of the present application provides a computer program, which, when executed, is used to implement the above-mentioned method for correcting solar radiation in a photovoltaic station based on a numerical model.

[0083] Therefore, this application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0084] (1) By building a high-resolution numerical model system, it is possible to achieve a refined simulation of various meteorological elements in the simulation area and accurately identify the state of the entire atmospheric layer above the photovoltaic station; (2) By calculating the reduction of solar radiation by each layer of the atmosphere on the radiation transmission path, it is possible to accurately correct the photovoltaic resources of the station, thereby improving the accuracy of the photovoltaic resource prediction of the station and reducing the calculation cost; (3) It can provide technical support and decision-making basis for the site selection, operation, power prediction, and power generation efficiency improvement of the target photovoltaic station, and has extremely high innovation and practical application value.

[0085] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become apparent from the description below, or will be learned through the practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0086] Figure 1 A flowchart of a method for correcting solar radiation in a photovoltaic station based on a numerical model according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0087] Figure 2 A technical flow chart according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0088] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of an atmospheric state recognition and photovoltaic station solar radiation correction module according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0089] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of cloud water content, disturbance wind vector and terrain distribution in a simulated area at a certain time in the afternoon according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0090] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of snow content, disturbance wind vector and terrain distribution in a simulated area at a certain time in the afternoon according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0091] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the distribution of hail content, disturbance wind vector and terrain in a simulated area at a certain time in the afternoon according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0092] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of rain content, disturbance wind vector and terrain distribution in a simulated area at a certain time in the afternoon according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0093] Figure 8 A block diagram of a photovoltaic station solar radiation correction device based on a numerical model according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0094] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0095] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0096] The following describes the method and device for correcting solar radiation at a photovoltaic station based on a numerical model according to an embodiment of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings. In view of the problem mentioned in the above background technology that the related technology lacks effective observation of the gas components in the atmosphere above the photovoltaic station, the size and concentration of aerosol particles, and the microphysical characteristics in the cloud (the phase and content of water particles in the cloud), and cannot effectively correct the solar radiation prediction results of the station by identifying different atmospheric states, resulting in low accuracy of photovoltaic predictions at the station, and the problem that the global / regional numerical prediction models in the related technology generally use a coarse simulation resolution, resulting in insufficient ability to simulate the atmospheric state above the photovoltaic station in the simulation area, the present application provides a method and device for correcting solar radiation at a photovoltaic station based on a numerical model. A method for correcting solar radiation at a photovoltaic station. In this method, the content of water particles in each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station is obtained based on the optimized WRF model, and the current atmospheric state of each layer of atmosphere and the correction coefficient of each layer of atmosphere on the attenuation of solar radiation are determined. The attenuation correction coefficient of each layer of atmosphere on the solar radiation transmission path from the top layer of the atmosphere to the target photovoltaic station is used to calculate the reduction of solar radiation irradiance by each layer of atmosphere on the solar radiation transmission path from the top layer of the atmosphere to the target photovoltaic station layer by layer, and the final solar radiation irradiance after the reduction by the bottom layer of atmosphere is obtained. The solar radiation irradiance actually received by the target photovoltaic station is corrected according to the final solar radiation irradiance. As a result, the problems in related technologies such as the lack of effective observation of gas components in the atmosphere above photovoltaic stations, the size and concentration of aerosol particles, and microphysical characteristics in clouds (the phase and content of water particles in clouds), and the inability to effectively correct the solar radiation prediction results of the station by identifying different atmospheric states, resulting in low accuracy of photovoltaic predictions at the station, and the lack of refined simulation capabilities for the atmospheric states above photovoltaic stations in the simulation area due to the general use of coarse simulation resolution in global / regional numerical prediction models in related technologies, are solved.

[0097] The accurate prediction of photovoltaic power and output is largely based on the accurate prediction of the actual amount of solar radiation received by the photovoltaic station. In the process of solar radiation transmitting downward from the top of the atmosphere to the station, it will be scattered and absorbed by various gas components in the atmosphere (such as O3, CO2, water vapor, etc.), aerosol particles and water particles in the cloud, so that the actual amount of solar radiation that finally reaches the station is reduced. Therefore, it is necessary to accurately identify the state of the entire layer of atmosphere above the station and calculate the reduction of solar radiation by each layer of atmosphere on the radiation transmission path, so as to achieve accurate correction of the photovoltaic resources of the station, improve the accuracy of photovoltaic resource prediction of the station, and provide technical support and decision-making basis for the site selection, operation, power prediction, and improvement of power generation efficiency of photovoltaic stations. The specific operation method is discussed in the following embodiments.

[0098] like Figure 1Shown is a flow chart of a method for correcting solar radiation in a photovoltaic station based on a numerical model according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0099] like Figure 1 As shown, the method for correcting solar radiation of a photovoltaic station based on a numerical model includes the following steps:

[0100] In step S101, the content of water particles in each layer of the atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station is obtained based on the optimized WRF model, wherein the optimized WRF model is obtained by optimizing the WRF model constructed based on the basic data in the target simulation area.

[0101] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, before obtaining the content of water particles in each layer of the atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station based on the optimized WRF model, it also includes: constructing a target simulation area with the target photovoltaic station as the center, and obtaining basic data within the target simulation area; constructing a WRF model based on the basic data, and optimizing the WRF model by setting the optimal physical parameterization scheme combination strategy to obtain the optimized WRF model, performing calculations based on the optimized WRF model, and obtaining the content of water particles in each layer of the atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station according to the calculation results.

[0102] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, a target simulation area is constructed with the target photovoltaic station as the center, including: setting a first preset number of nested patterns in the horizontal direction using a preset grid distribution with the target photovoltaic station as the center, and setting a second preset number of atmospheric distributions in the vertical direction using a mixed vertical coordinate system; and obtaining the target simulation area according to the nested patterns and the atmospheric distributions.

[0103] Among them, the preset grid distribution, the first preset number, and the second preset number can all be selected by technical personnel in this field according to actual simulation requirements, and are not specifically limited here.

[0104] Specifically, the embodiment of the present application constructs a target simulation area with the target photovoltaic plant as the center, and obtains basic data within the target simulation area, wherein the basic data within the target simulation area may include initial field data and high-resolution terrain data.

[0105] It should be noted that the FNL (Final Reanalysis Data) reanalysis data with a spatial resolution of 1°×1° produced every 6 hours by the National Center for Meteorological and Environmental Prediction (NCEP) and the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) of the United States is used as the initial field of the numerical model in the embodiment of the present application. It adopts a relatively advanced global data assimilation system and the most complete database to perform quality control and assimilation processing on observation data from various sources, thereby obtaining a complete set of reanalysis data sets, which not only contains a wide variety of meteorological elements and has global data, but also can extend for a long period of time, and is widely used in analysis and research.

[0106] In addition, due to the complex terrain of the simulation area, the default terrain data of the WRF model cannot clearly display the complete terrain in the simulation area, which will increase the calculation error. Therefore, the embodiment of the present application uses high-resolution terrain data to replace the default low-resolution terrain data in the model. Adding high-resolution terrain to the WRF model can more accurately depict the terrain features in the simulation area and match the high-resolution numerical model, thereby improving the accuracy of the simulation, and is more reasonable for the simulation of meteorological elements under high-resolution conditions.

[0107] Specifically, if Figure 2 As shown, the embodiment of the present application first sets the target photovoltaic station as the center of the target simulation area, adopts a preset grid distribution (such as Arakawa C grid) to set a first preset number of nested patterns in the horizontal direction, and uses a hybrid vertical coordinate system to set a second preset number (i layers) of atmospheric layer distributions in the vertical direction, wherein the hybrid vertical coordinate system is a terrain following mass coordinate in the lower layer and is converted to an isobaric surface coordinate in the higher layer. Preferably, the embodiment of the present application can set a 5-layer nested pattern in the horizontal direction and a 71-layer atmospheric layer distribution in the vertical direction, so as to obtain the target simulation area according to the set 5-layer nested pattern and 71-layer atmospheric layer distribution.

[0108] Secondly, the embodiment of the present application constructs a WRF model based on basic data, and optimizes the WRF model by setting the optimal physical parameterization scheme combination strategy to obtain an optimized WRF model, so that the optimized WRF model has the best simulation effect suitable for high-resolution numerical simulation of the site, wherein the optimal physical parameterization scheme combination strategy is shown in Table 1:

[0109] Table 1

[0110]

[0111]

[0112] Finally, after obtaining the optimized WRF model, the embodiment of the present application performs calculations based on the optimized WRF model, and obtains the content of water particles in each layer of the atmosphere above the target photovoltaic site according to the calculation results.

[0113] In step S102, the current atmospheric state of each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station is determined according to the content of water particles in each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station, and the correction coefficient of the attenuation of solar radiation by each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station is determined according to the current atmospheric state of each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station.

[0114] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the current atmospheric state of each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station is determined according to the content of water-forming particles in each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station, including: obtaining the cloud droplet content in the atmosphere of the target layer; determining the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer according to the cloud droplet content in the atmosphere of the target layer; if the cloud droplet content is greater than a first preset content threshold, determining the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer to be a cloudy state; if the cloud droplet content is less than or equal to the first preset content threshold, determining the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer to be a cloudless state.

[0115] Among them, the first preset content threshold can be set by technical personnel in this field according to actual test requirements, or can be set after a limited number of simulations, and is not specifically limited here.

[0116] Specifically, according to the content of water-containing particles in each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station calculated based on the optimized WRF model in the embodiment of the present application, the atmospheric state above the target photovoltaic station is identified and analyzed layer by layer, and then the total scattering reduction of solar radiation by the entire layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station is calculated, and finally an accurate simulation result of the solar radiation irradiance received by the target photovoltaic station is obtained, and the solar radiation irradiance actually received by the target photovoltaic station is corrected based on this simulation result, wherein the content of water-containing particles includes cloud droplet content Qc, ice crystal content Qi, raindrop content Qr, snow crystal content Qs and hailu content Qg, so that the atmospheric state of each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station and its reduction of solar radiation irradiance are quantitatively analyzed according to the content of water-containing particles in each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station.

[0117] Specifically, if Figure 3As shown in the figure, according to the different effects and degrees of scattering of solar radiation by different atmospheric components, the current initial atmospheric state of each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station can be divided into two conditions: cloudy and cloudless. Furthermore, when the current initial atmospheric state is cloudless, the current atmospheric state of each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station can be divided into two types: clear sky atmosphere (no aerosol or less aerosol content, mainly air molecules) and aerosol atmosphere (more aerosol content in the atmosphere); when the current initial atmospheric state is cloudy, according to the phase and content of the main water particles in the cloud, the current atmospheric state of each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station can be divided into three types: liquid phase cloud (clouds are dominated by liquid phase water particles (cloud droplets and raindrops)), ice phase cloud (clouds are dominated by ice phase water particles (ice crystals, snow and hail)) and mixed phase cloud (clouds have equal content of liquid and ice phase particles).

[0118] Among them, the current initial atmospheric state of each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station can be judged by the cloud droplet content in each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station. Therefore, the current initial atmospheric state of each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station is obtained based on the cloud droplet content in each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station calculated based on the optimized WRF model, that is, the top layer of atmosphere can be defined as the target layer atmosphere at this time, and the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer atmosphere is judged. First, the cloud droplet content in the target layer atmosphere is obtained, and the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer is obtained according to the cloud droplet content; secondly, when the cloud droplet content is greater than a first preset content threshold (for example, 0.1), the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer is determined to be a cloudy state, and when the cloud droplet content is less than or equal to the first preset content threshold, the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer is determined to be a cloudless state.

[0119] It should be noted that the target layer of the embodiment of the present application can be the top layer (ie, the first layer) above the atmosphere of the target photovoltaic station, or any other layer. The target layer of the embodiment of the present application takes the top layer as an example and is not specifically limited.

[0120] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, after determining the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer according to the cloud droplet content in the atmosphere of the target layer, it also includes: if the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer is a cloudless state, determining whether the cloud droplet content in the atmosphere of the target layer is equal to a second preset content threshold; if the cloud droplet content in the atmosphere of the target layer is equal to the second preset content threshold, determining that the current atmospheric state of the target layer is a clear sky atmosphere; if the cloud droplet content in the atmosphere of the target layer is greater than the second preset content threshold and less than the first preset content threshold, determining that the current atmospheric state of the target layer is an aerosol atmosphere.

[0121] The second preset content threshold value may be set by a person skilled in the art according to actual test requirements, or may be set after a limited number of simulations, and is not specifically limited here.

[0122] Specifically, after obtaining the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer in the embodiments of the present application, the current atmospheric state of the target layer is further determined based on the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer, that is, the current atmospheric state when the target layer is in a cloudy state and the current atmospheric state when the target layer is in a cloudless state.

[0123] Specifically, as Figure 3 shown, if the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer in the embodiments of the present application is a cloudless state, it is further determined whether the cloud droplet content in the atmosphere of the target layer is equal to the second preset content threshold (for example, 0). If the cloud droplet content in the atmosphere of the target layer is equal to the second preset content threshold, that is, when Qc = 0, it is determined that the current atmospheric state of the target layer is clear sky atmosphere; if the cloud droplet content in the atmosphere of the target layer is greater than the second preset content threshold and less than the first preset content threshold, that is, 0 < Qc < 0.1, it is determined that the current atmospheric state of the target layer is aerosol atmosphere.

[0124] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, after determining the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer according to the cloud droplet content in the atmosphere of the target layer, it further includes: if the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer is a cloudy state, the ice crystal content, raindrop content, snow crystal content and graupel content in the atmosphere of the target layer are obtained, and the current atmospheric state of the target layer is determined according to the cloud droplet content, ice crystal content, raindrop content, snow crystal content and graupel content; if the cloud droplet content is greater than the first preset content threshold and the raindrop content is greater than the first preset content threshold, it is determined that the current atmospheric state of the target layer is liquid-phase cloud; if both the ice crystal content and the snow crystal content are greater than the second preset content threshold and the graupel content is greater than the first preset content threshold, it is determined that the current atmospheric state of the target layer is ice-phase cloud; if the cloud droplet content, raindrop content and graupel content are all greater than the first preset content threshold and the ice crystal content and the snow crystal content are all greater than the second preset content threshold, it is determined that the current atmospheric state of the target layer is mixed-phase cloud.

[0125] Specifically, as Figure 3As shown, in an embodiment of the present application, if the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer is a cloudy state, the ice crystal content, raindrop content, snow crystal content and graupel content in the atmosphere of the target layer are further obtained respectively. If the cloud drop content is greater than a first preset content threshold, and the raindrop content is greater than the first preset content threshold, that is, Qc>0.1, Qr>0.1, then the current atmospheric state of the target layer is determined to be a liquid phase cloud; if the ice crystal content and the snow crystal content are both greater than the second preset content threshold, and the graupel content is greater than the first preset content threshold, that is, Qi>0, Qs>0, Qg>0.1, then the current atmospheric state of the target layer is determined to be an ice phase cloud; if the cloud drop content, raindrop content and graupel content are all greater than the first preset content threshold, and the ice crystal content and the snow crystal content are both greater than the second preset content threshold, that is, Qc>0.1, Qi>0, Qs>0, Qr>0.1, Qg>0.1, then the current atmospheric state of the target layer is determined to be a mixed phase cloud.

[0126] Among them, the content of water particles in each layer of atmosphere above the above-mentioned target photovoltaic station and the corresponding atmospheric state are shown in Table 2:

[0127] Table 2

[0128]

[0129] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the attenuation correction coefficient of each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station for solar radiation is determined according to the current atmospheric state of each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station, including: if the current atmospheric state is a clear sky atmosphere, then the first attenuation correction coefficient of the target layer atmosphere for solar radiation is determined according to the clear sky atmosphere; if the current atmospheric state is an aerosol atmosphere, then the second attenuation correction coefficient of the target layer atmosphere for solar radiation is determined according to the aerosol atmosphere; if the current atmospheric state is a liquid phase cloud, an ice phase cloud or a mixed phase cloud, then the third attenuation correction coefficient of the target layer atmosphere for solar radiation is determined according to the liquid phase cloud, the ice phase cloud or the mixed phase cloud.

[0130] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, if the current atmospheric state of the target layer above the target photovoltaic station is a clear sky atmosphere, that is, when Qc=0, the atmosphere is mainly composed of air molecules, and their particle radius is much smaller than the radiation wavelength. At this time, the scattering and weakening of solar radiation by the atmosphere obeys Rayleigh scattering. In Rayleigh scattering, the proportion of scattered light in the forward and backward directions is equal, and the reduction degree of solar radiation is small. The effect of Rayleigh scattering also makes the clear sky atmosphere appear light blue. Therefore, under clear sky atmospheric conditions, the reduction degree of solar radiation by the atmosphere is the smallest. At this time, the target photovoltaic station obtains the most solar radiation irradiance, and its photovoltaic output efficiency is also the highest. Therefore, under clear sky atmosphere, the first weakening correction coefficient of the target layer atmosphere to solar radiation can be determined according to the clear sky atmosphere, which is defined as k ex =Cλ -4 , where C = 1.0563 × 10-30 m 3 , λ is the radiation wavelength.

[0131] Furthermore, if the current atmospheric state of the target layer above the target photovoltaic station is an aerosol atmosphere, there are a large amount of aerosol particles in the atmosphere, and the particle radius is approximately equal to the radiation wavelength, but its size and number have not yet reached the point of forming clouds. At this time, the scattering type of the atmosphere on solar radiation is Mie scattering, and the ratio of forward scattered light to total scattered light in Mie scattering is large. The degree of scattering of solar radiation is related to the size of aerosol particles. The larger the aerosol particles, the stronger the scattering effect on solar radiation. When there are more aerosol particles in the atmosphere, the sky often appears grayish white. Therefore, under aerosol atmosphere conditions, the degree of reduction of solar radiation by the atmosphere is greater than that of clear sky atmosphere, which has a certain impact on the output of the target photovoltaic station. Therefore, the second attenuation correction coefficient of the target layer atmosphere on solar radiation can be determined based on the aerosol atmosphere, which is defined as k ex =Cλ -b , where C = 1.0563 × 10 -30 m 3 , λ is the radiation wavelength, and the value of b is related to the size of aerosol particles. For general aerosols, the b value is approximately between 1 and 2.

[0132] Furthermore, when clouds form over the target photovoltaic station, the cloud surface becomes a relatively strong reflective surface due to the scattering of water particles such as cloud droplets and ice crystals in the cloud, which further increases the degree of reduction of solar radiation by the atmosphere, and reduces the solar radiation reaching the target photovoltaic station, making it more difficult to accurately predict the photovoltaic resources of the target photovoltaic station and reducing the accuracy of photovoltaic output prediction. In addition, clouds may form short-term precipitation processes near the station, further affecting the station's reception of solar radiation. At the microscopic level, the degree to which clouds weaken solar radiation is closely related to the type (phase state) and content (cloud water content) of water particles in the cloud. When the current atmospheric state of the target layer above the target photovoltaic station is liquid phase cloud, the cloud is mainly composed of liquid phase water particles (cloud droplets and raindrops), also known as warm cloud, the cloud body is mainly distributed below the 0℃ layer, the overall cloud height is low, the development is relatively shallow, and the degree of reduction of solar radiation is lower than that of ice phase cloud and mixed phase cloud; when the current atmospheric state of the target layer above the target photovoltaic station is ice phase cloud, the cloud is mainly composed of ice phase water particles (ice crystals, snow and sleet), also known as cold cloud, the cloud body is mainly distributed above the 0℃ layer, and the cloud top temperature can be as low as about -50℃. Under natural conditions, ice-phase clouds and liquid-phase clouds are seldom found, and mixed-phase clouds are dominant. When the current atmospheric state of the target layer above the target photovoltaic station is mixed-phase clouds, the mixed-phase clouds have the greatest reduction in solar radiation. The contents of liquid and ice-phase particles in the clouds are comparable, the cloud body is deep, and the cloud volume is huge. The horizontal and vertical scales are generally 5-6km, and some cumulonimbus clouds can reach more than ten kilometers. The upper layers of the clouds are dominated by ice-phase particles (ice crystals, snow crystals), the middle layers of the clouds are dominated by supercooled water droplets (cloud droplets above the 0℃ layer are not frozen and exist in liquid form) and graupel particles (solid particles formed by the freezing of supercooled water droplets and ice crystals falling from high altitudes), and the lower layers of the clouds (below the 0℃ layer) are dominated by liquid-phase particles (cloud droplets, raindrops). Therefore, the types and contents of water-containing particles at different heights of the clouds are different, which also produces a layer-by-layer reduction in solar radiation, resulting in less solar radiation reaching the surface, which greatly affects the output efficiency of the target photovoltaic station. Therefore, the third attenuation correction factor of the target layer atmosphere on solar radiation under liquid phase cloud, ice phase cloud or mixed phase cloud can be defined as k ex =128q w , where q w is the water content of a single layer of cloud (unit: g / m 3 ), that is, the sum of all water contents in a single layer, i.e., q w =ρ w *(Qc+Qr)+ρ i *(Qi+Qs+Qg),ρ w , i are the densities of liquid water and solid water, respectively.

[0133] In step S103, the solar radiation attenuation correction coefficient of each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station is used to calculate the reduction of the solar radiation irradiance by each layer of atmosphere on the solar radiation transmission path from the top atmosphere to the target photovoltaic station layer by layer, and the final solar radiation irradiance after the reduction by the bottom atmosphere is obtained. The solar radiation irradiance actually received by the target photovoltaic station is corrected according to the final solar radiation irradiance after the reduction by the bottom atmosphere.

[0134] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the attenuation correction coefficient of each layer of atmosphere on the target photovoltaic station is used to calculate the reduction of the solar radiation irradiance by each layer of atmosphere on the solar radiation transmission path from the top layer of the atmosphere to the target photovoltaic station layer by layer, and the final solar radiation irradiance after the reduction by the bottom atmosphere is obtained. The solar radiation irradiance actually received by the target photovoltaic station is corrected according to the final solar radiation irradiance after the reduction by the bottom atmosphere, including: obtaining the incident solar radiation irradiance at the top layer of the atmosphere; and calculating the incident solar radiation irradiance and the reduced solar radiation irradiance of each layer of the atmosphere in order from the top layer of the atmosphere to the bottom layer of the atmosphere based on the incident solar radiation irradiance at the top layer of the atmosphere and a preset solar radiation transmission equation. Radiation irradiance, obtain the final solar radiation irradiance after the reduction by the bottom atmosphere; correct the solar radiation irradiance actually received by the target photovoltaic field station according to the final solar radiation irradiance after the reduction by the bottom atmosphere; wherein, the incident solar radiation irradiance of the current calculation layer atmosphere is the solar radiation irradiance after the reduction of the upper atmosphere of the current calculation layer atmosphere, and the solar radiation irradiance after the reduction of the current calculation layer atmosphere is calculated by inputting the incident solar radiation irradiance of the current calculation layer atmosphere and the correction coefficient of the current calculation layer atmosphere on the attenuation of solar radiation into the preset solar radiation transfer equation, wherein, if the current calculation layer is the top layer, the incident solar radiation irradiance of the current calculation layer atmosphere is the incident solar radiation irradiance of the top layer of the atmosphere.

[0135] Among them, the current calculation layer atmosphere is any layer in the entire atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station, that is, any layer from the top atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station to the bottom atmosphere. The preset solar radiation transmission equation can be selected by technical personnel in this field according to actual test requirements and is not specifically limited here.

[0136] Specifically, the embodiment of the present application determines the attenuation correction coefficient of each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station to the solar radiation according to the current atmospheric state of each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station, and uses the attenuation correction coefficient of each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station to calculate the reduction of solar radiation irradiance by each layer of atmosphere on the solar radiation transmission path from the top layer of atmosphere to the target photovoltaic station layer by layer, and finally obtains the final solar radiation irradiance after the reduction by the bottom layer of atmosphere, wherein the solar radiation transmission equation in the atmosphere is shown as follows:

[0137]

[0138] Among them, since the embodiment of the present application sets 71 layers of atmospheric distribution in the vertical direction, E(i) is the solar radiation irradiance E0(i) incident from the top of the i-th layer of atmosphere and reaching the bottom of the atmosphere after being weakened by the atmosphere. At the same time, E(i) is also the solar radiation irradiance E0(i+1) incident from the top of the i+1-th layer (the i-th layer of atmosphere to the next layer). The solar radiation irradiance at the bottom of the last layer of atmosphere, i.e., E(i), i=70, is the solar radiation irradiance finally received by the target photovoltaic station. The term is the total attenuation of solar radiation by the atmosphere due to scattering, where the thickness of the i-th layer of atmosphere is l.

[0139] Specifically, the embodiment of the present application calculates the incident solar radiation irradiance and the reduced solar radiation irradiance of each layer of the atmosphere in order from the top layer to the bottom layer of the atmosphere, based on the incident solar radiation irradiance of the top layer of the atmosphere and a preset solar radiation transfer equation, until the final solar radiation irradiance after reduction by the bottom layer of the atmosphere is obtained.

[0140] That is to say, first, the incident solar radiation irradiance at the top layer of the atmosphere is obtained, and the incident solar radiation irradiance at the top layer of the atmosphere and the correction coefficient for the attenuation of solar radiation by the top layer of the atmosphere are input into the preset solar radiation transfer equation, and the solar radiation irradiance after the reduction by the top layer of the atmosphere is obtained by calculation, and the solar radiation irradiance after the reduction by the top layer of the atmosphere is used as the incident solar radiation irradiance of the next layer under the top layer of the atmosphere, that is, the second layer, and the incident solar radiation irradiance of the second layer and the correction coefficient for the attenuation of solar radiation by the second layer are input into the preset solar radiation transfer equation, and the solar radiation irradiance after the reduction by the second layer is obtained by calculation, and so on, until the final solar radiation irradiance after the reduction by the bottom atmosphere is obtained, and the solar radiation irradiance actually received by the target photovoltaic site is corrected according to the final solar radiation irradiance after the reduction by the bottom atmosphere.

[0141] For example, the embodiment of the present application can realize automatic calculation of the contents of five kinds of water particles in the target simulation area layer by layer starting from the top layer of the atmosphere in the vertical direction. The embodiment of the present application takes the top layer of the atmosphere, that is, the first layer of the atmosphere, as an example. According to the judgment conditions of Table 2, when the first layer of the atmosphere is determined to be a clear sky atmosphere, at this time, under the clear sky atmosphere condition, the correction coefficient of the attenuation of the atmosphere on the solar radiation can be obtained as k ex =Cλ -4, the solar radiation irradiance E0(0) incident on the first layer of atmosphere (known) and the attenuation correction coefficient are substituted into the above-mentioned preset solar radiation transmission equation, and the solar radiation irradiance E(0) reaching the bottom of the first layer of atmosphere after being attenuated by the first layer of atmosphere is calculated, and the solar radiation irradiance E(0) at the bottom of the first layer of atmosphere is used as the solar radiation irradiance E0(1) incident on the second layer of atmosphere, until all the bottom layers of atmosphere, i.e., the solar radiation irradiance E(70) at the bottom of the last layer of atmosphere, are calculated in sequence vertically from top to bottom, and used as the final solar radiation irradiance of the target photovoltaic station after being attenuated by the bottom layer of atmosphere, and the solar radiation irradiance actually received by the target photovoltaic station is corrected according to the final solar radiation irradiance after being attenuated by the bottom layer of atmosphere.

[0142] In summary, in order to facilitate those skilled in the art to more clearly understand the simulation scheme of the embodiment of the present application, a specific embodiment will be discussed below.

[0143] The embodiment of the present application processes and plots the simulation results through a python meteorological data visualization program. Figure 4 As shown in the figure, it is the spatial distribution of cloud water content Qc above the station in the simulation area at a certain time in the afternoon. At this time, there is abundant supercooled cloud water in the afternoon convective clouds. There are two high-value centers of supercooled cloud water, located at 6.5km in the 0℃ to -10℃ layer and 8km in the -10℃ to -20℃ layer. The large amount of supercooled cloud water content in the clouds is conducive to the rapid growth of ice particles.

[0144] Furthermore, if Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown in the figure, in the strong convective clouds in the afternoon, the ice crystal content is relatively small and located at high levels. At this time, the snow content in the clouds is also relatively small. At this time, the content of graupel particles in the clouds increases rapidly, and a high value area of ​​graupel particle content appears in the high value area of ​​supercooled cloud water, with the maximum graupel content reaching 1.5g kg -1 , indicating that supercooled cloud water plays an important role in the formation of graupel particles and the ice phase process in the cloud is relatively strong.

[0145] like Figure 7 As shown in the figure, it is the afternoon convection stage, the rainwater distribution is below -10℃, and the maximum rainwater content area is near the zero-degree layer, which is 0.6g kg -1 , the clouds contain a large amount of supercooled rain water.

[0146] In summary, at this time, convective clouds are formed above the target simulation area, satisfying the conditions of Qc>0.1, Qi>0, Qs>0, Qr>0.1, and Qg>0.1, and it is judged that the atmosphere is in a mixed phase cloud state, with a cloud height of about 9 km; above 9 km, Qc=0, and it is judged that the high-altitude atmosphere is in a clear sky state. Then, through the solar radiation correction module of the target photovoltaic station, the reduction of solar radiation by each layer of atmosphere is calculated layer by layer along the radiation transmission path according to the preset solar radiation transmission equation, and finally the accurate correction result of the actual solar radiation irradiance received by the target photovoltaic station can be obtained.

[0147] Therefore, the embodiments of the present application have the following beneficial effects:

[0148] (1) Based on the problem that the accuracy of power and output prediction of photovoltaic stations is generally low, the embodiment of the present application proposes a method for correcting solar radiation for photovoltaic stations based on a numerical model. The method can accurately identify the state of the entire layer of atmosphere above the station and calculate the reduction of solar radiation by each layer of atmosphere on the radiation transmission path layer by layer, so as to achieve accurate correction of the photovoltaic resources of the station, improve the accuracy of photovoltaic resource prediction of the station, and provide technical support and decision-making basis for the site selection, operation, power prediction, and improvement of power generation efficiency of photovoltaic stations.

[0149] (2) Based on the results of high-resolution numerical models, the embodiments of the present application can innovatively identify the phase and content of atmospheric components, aerosol particles and major water-forming particles in the entire life cycle of clouds, and thus can accurately correct the prediction results of photovoltaic resources at the site, which is highly innovative and practical.

[0150] (3) The embodiment of the present application uses a high-resolution numerical simulation method with an innermost resolution of up to 333 m, which achieves a refined simulation of various meteorological elements in the simulation area, and can accurately identify the atmospheric state above the station and accurately correct the amount of solar radiation received by the station to make up for the shortcomings of the observation means. It has a high research and application value.

[0151] According to the method for correcting solar radiation for a photovoltaic station based on a numerical model proposed in an embodiment of the present application, the content of water particles in each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station is obtained based on the optimized WRF model, and the current atmospheric state of each layer of atmosphere and the correction coefficient of each layer of atmosphere on the attenuation of solar radiation are determined. The attenuation correction coefficient of each layer of atmosphere on the solar radiation transmission path from the top layer of the atmosphere to the target photovoltaic station is used to calculate the reduction of the solar radiation irradiance by each layer of atmosphere on the solar radiation transmission path from the top layer of the atmosphere to the target photovoltaic station layer by layer, and the final solar radiation irradiance after the reduction by the bottom layer of atmosphere is obtained. The solar radiation irradiance actually received by the target photovoltaic station is corrected according to the final solar radiation irradiance. As a result, the problems in related technologies such as the lack of effective observation of gas components in the atmosphere above photovoltaic stations, the size and concentration of aerosol particles, and microphysical characteristics in clouds (the phase and content of water particles in clouds), and the inability to effectively correct the solar radiation prediction results of the station by identifying different atmospheric states, resulting in low accuracy of photovoltaic predictions at the station, and the lack of refined simulation capabilities for the atmospheric states above photovoltaic stations in the simulation area due to the general use of coarse simulation resolution in global / regional numerical prediction models in related technologies, are solved.

[0152] Next, a control device for a solar radiation correction device for a photovoltaic station based on a numerical model proposed in an embodiment of the present application will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0153] Figure 8 It is a block diagram of a solar radiation correction device for a photovoltaic station based on a numerical model according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0154] like Figure 8 As shown, the photovoltaic station solar radiation correction device 10 based on the numerical model includes: a water content acquisition module 100, an atmospheric state determination module 200 and a target photovoltaic station solar radiation correction module 300.

[0155] The water content acquisition module 100 is used to obtain the content of water particles in each layer of the atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station based on the optimized WRF model, wherein the optimized WRF model is obtained by optimizing the WRF model constructed based on the basic data in the target simulation area;

[0156] The atmospheric state determination module 200 is used to determine the current atmospheric state of each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station according to the content of water particles in each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station, and determine the correction coefficient of the weakening of solar radiation by each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station according to the current atmospheric state of each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station;

[0157] The target photovoltaic station solar radiation correction module 300 is used to calculate the reduction of solar radiation irradiance by each layer of atmosphere on the solar radiation transmission path from the top of the atmosphere to the target photovoltaic station layer by layer using the correction coefficient of the attenuation of solar radiation by each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station, and obtain the final solar radiation irradiance after the reduction by the bottom atmosphere, and correct the solar radiation irradiance actually received by the target photovoltaic station according to the final solar radiation irradiance after the reduction by the bottom atmosphere.

[0158] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, before obtaining the content of water particles in each layer of the atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station based on the optimized WRF model, the water content obtaining module 100 further includes:

[0159] The target simulation area setting and basic data acquisition unit is used to construct the target simulation area with the target photovoltaic station as the center and obtain the basic data in the target simulation area;

[0160] The model building and tuning unit is used to build a WRF model based on basic data, and optimize the WRF model by setting the optimal physical parameterization scheme combination strategy to obtain the optimized WRF model. Calculations are performed based on the optimized WRF model, and the content of water particles in each layer of the atmosphere above the target photovoltaic site is obtained according to the calculation results.

[0161] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the target simulation area setting and basic data acquisition unit includes:

[0162] A target simulation area division unit is used to set a first preset number of nested patterns in the horizontal direction using a preset grid distribution with the target photovoltaic station as the center, and to set a second preset number of atmospheric layer distributions in the vertical direction using a mixed vertical coordinate system;

[0163] The simulation area acquisition unit obtains the target simulation area according to the nested mode and the atmospheric distribution.

[0164] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the atmospheric state determination module 200 includes:

[0165] A cloud drop content acquisition unit is used to acquire the cloud drop content in the target layer atmosphere;

[0166] An initial atmospheric state determination unit, used for determining the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer according to the cloud droplet content in the atmosphere of the target layer;

[0167] a cloud state determination unit, configured to determine that the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer is a cloud state if the cloud droplet content is greater than a first preset content threshold;

[0168] The cloud-free state determination unit is used to determine that the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer is a cloud-free state if the cloud droplet content is less than or equal to a first preset content threshold.

[0169] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, after determining the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer according to the cloud droplet content in the atmosphere of the target layer, the cloud-free state determination unit includes:

[0170] a cloud drop content determination subunit, configured to determine whether the cloud drop content in the atmosphere of the target layer is equal to a second preset content threshold value if the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer is a cloudless state;

[0171] a clear atmosphere determination subunit, configured to determine that the current atmospheric state of the target layer is clear atmosphere if the cloud droplet content in the atmosphere of the target layer is equal to a second preset content threshold;

[0172] The aerosol atmosphere determination subunit is used to determine that the current atmospheric state of the target layer is an aerosol atmosphere if the cloud droplet content in the atmosphere of the target layer is greater than a second preset content threshold and less than a first preset content threshold.

[0173] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, after determining the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer according to the cloud droplet content in the atmosphere of the target layer, there is a cloud state determination unit, comprising:

[0174] a current atmospheric state determination unit, for obtaining the ice crystal content, raindrop content, snow crystal content and graupel content in the atmosphere of the target layer if the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer is a cloudy state, and determining the current atmospheric state of the target layer according to the cloud drop content, ice crystal content, raindrop content, snow crystal content and graupel content;

[0175] a liquid phase cloud determination subunit, configured to determine that the current atmospheric state of the target layer is liquid phase cloud if the cloud drop content is greater than a first preset content threshold and the raindrop content is greater than a first preset content threshold;

[0176] An ice phase cloud determination subunit, configured to determine that the current atmospheric state of the target layer is an ice phase cloud if both the ice crystal content and the snow crystal content are greater than a second preset content threshold, and the graupel content is greater than a first preset content threshold;

[0177] The mixed phase cloud determination subunit is used to determine that the current atmospheric state of the target layer is a mixed phase cloud if the cloud drop content, rain drop content and graupel content are all greater than a first preset content threshold, and the ice crystal content and snow crystal content are both greater than a second preset content threshold.

[0178] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the atmospheric state determination module 200 includes:

[0179] A first weakening correction coefficient determining unit is used to determine a first weakening correction coefficient of the target layer atmosphere to solar radiation according to the clear sky atmosphere if the current atmospheric state is clear sky atmosphere;

[0180] A second attenuation correction coefficient determining unit, configured to determine a second attenuation correction coefficient of the target layer atmosphere to solar radiation according to the aerosol atmosphere if the current atmospheric state is an aerosol atmosphere;

[0181] The third attenuation correction coefficient determination unit is used to determine the third attenuation correction coefficient of the target layer atmosphere to solar radiation according to the liquid phase cloud, ice phase cloud or mixed phase cloud if the current atmospheric state is liquid phase cloud, ice phase cloud or mixed phase cloud.

[0182] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the target photovoltaic station solar radiation correction model 300 includes:

[0183] A solar radiation irradiance acquisition unit is used to acquire the incident solar radiation irradiance at the top layer of the atmosphere;

[0184] The solar radiation irradiance layer-by-layer calculation unit is used to calculate the incident solar radiation irradiance and the reduced solar radiation irradiance of each layer of the atmosphere in order from the top layer of the atmosphere to the bottom layer of the atmosphere based on the incident solar radiation irradiance of the top layer of the atmosphere and the preset solar radiation transfer equation, and obtain the final solar radiation irradiance after reduction by the bottom layer of the atmosphere;

[0185] The solar radiation irradiance correction unit is used to correct the solar radiation irradiance actually received by the target photovoltaic station according to the final solar radiation irradiance after being reduced by the bottom atmosphere;

[0186] Among them, the incident solar radiation irradiance of the current calculation layer atmosphere is the solar radiation irradiance after the reduction of the atmosphere of the upper layer of the current calculation layer atmosphere. The solar radiation irradiance after the reduction of the atmosphere of the current calculation layer atmosphere is calculated by inputting the incident solar radiation irradiance of the atmosphere of the current calculation layer and the correction coefficient of the attenuation of solar radiation by the atmosphere of the current calculation layer atmosphere into the preset solar radiation transfer equation. Among them, if the current calculation layer is the top layer, the incident solar radiation irradiance of the current calculation layer atmosphere is the incident solar radiation irradiance of the top layer of the atmosphere.

[0187] According to the solar radiation correction device for a photovoltaic station based on a numerical model proposed in the embodiment of the present application, the content of water particles in each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station is obtained based on the optimized WRF model, and the current atmospheric state of each layer of atmosphere and the correction coefficient of each layer of atmosphere on the attenuation of solar radiation are determined. The attenuation correction coefficient of each layer of atmosphere on the solar radiation transmission path from the top layer of the atmosphere to the target photovoltaic station is used to calculate the reduction of the solar radiation irradiance by each layer of atmosphere on the solar radiation transmission path from the top layer of the atmosphere to the target photovoltaic station layer by layer, and the final solar radiation irradiance after the reduction by the bottom layer of atmosphere is obtained. The solar radiation irradiance actually received by the target photovoltaic station is corrected according to the final solar radiation irradiance. As a result, the problems in related technologies such as the lack of effective observation of gas components in the atmosphere above photovoltaic stations, the size and concentration of aerosol particles, and microphysical characteristics in clouds (the phase and content of water particles in clouds), and the inability to effectively correct the solar radiation prediction results of the station by identifying different atmospheric states, resulting in low accuracy of photovoltaic predictions at the station, and the lack of refined simulation capabilities for the atmospheric states above photovoltaic stations in the simulation area due to the general use of coarse simulation resolution in global / regional numerical prediction models in related technologies, are solved.

[0188] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The electronic device may include:

[0189] A memory 901 , a processor 902 , and a computer program stored in the memory 901 and executable on the processor 902 .

[0190] When the processor 902 executes the program, the method for correcting solar radiation of a photovoltaic station based on a numerical model provided in the above embodiment is implemented.

[0191] Furthermore, the electronic device further comprises:

[0192] The communication interface 903 is used for communication between the memory 901 and the processor 902 .

[0193] The memory 901 is used to store computer programs that can be executed on the processor 902 .

[0194] The memory 901 may include a high-speed RAM memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), such as at least one disk memory.

[0195] If the memory 901, the processor 902 and the communication interface 903 are implemented independently, the communication interface 903, the memory 901 and the processor 902 can be connected to each other through a bus and communicate with each other. The bus can be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Fig. 9 Only one thick line is used in the diagram, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or only one type of bus.

[0196] Optionally, in a specific implementation, if the memory 901, the processor 902 and the communication interface 903 are integrated on a chip, the memory 901, the processor 902 and the communication interface 903 can communicate with each other through an internal interface.

[0197] The processor 902 may be a central processing unit (CPU), or an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of the present application.

[0198] The embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program, which can run computer instructions. When the computer instructions are executed by a processor, the method for correcting solar radiation in a photovoltaic station based on a numerical model provided in the embodiment of the present application is implemented.

[0199] This embodiment also provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored. When the program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned method for correcting solar radiation of a photovoltaic station based on a numerical model is implemented.

[0200] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or N embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0201] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, "N" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0202] Any process or method description in a flowchart or otherwise described herein may be understood to represent a module, fragment or portion of code comprising one or N executable instructions for implementing the steps of a custom logical function or process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present application includes alternative implementations in which functions may not be performed in the order shown or discussed, including performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in reverse order depending on the functions involved, which should be understood by technicians in the technical field to which the embodiments of the present application belong.

[0203] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as an ordered list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus (such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch instructions from an instruction execution system, device or apparatus and execute instructions), or in combination with these instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. For the purpose of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate or transmit a program for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus, or in combination with these instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. More specific examples of computer-readable media (a non-exhaustive list) include the following: an electrical connection with one or N wirings (electronic devices), a portable computer disk box (magnetic device), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable and programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a fiber optic device, and a portable compact disk read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer-readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program may be obtained electronically by optically scanning the paper or other medium and then editing, interpreting or otherwise processing in a suitable manner if necessary and then storing it in a computer memory.

[0204] It should be understood that the various parts of the present application can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above embodiment, the N steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. If implemented by hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented by any one or a combination of multiple of the following technologies known in the art: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function for a data signal, a dedicated integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0205] A person skilled in the art may understand that all or part of the steps in the above-mentioned embodiment method may be completed by instructing related hardware through a program, and the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, which, when executed, includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiment.

[0206] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into a processing module, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one module. The above-mentioned integrated module may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional module. If the integrated module is implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0207] The storage medium mentioned above may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc. Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limiting the present application. A person of ordinary skill in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for correcting solar radiation in a photovoltaic station based on a numerical model, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Obtaining the content of water particles in each layer of the atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station based on the optimized WRF model, wherein the optimized WRF model is obtained by optimizing the WRF model constructed based on the basic data in the target simulation area; Determine the current atmospheric state of each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station according to the content of water particles in each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station, and determine the correction coefficient of the weakening of solar radiation by each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station according to the current atmospheric state of each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station; The solar radiation attenuation correction coefficient of each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station is used to calculate the reduction of the solar radiation irradiance by each layer of atmosphere on the solar radiation transmission path from the top atmosphere to the target photovoltaic station layer by layer, and the final solar radiation irradiance after the reduction by the bottom atmosphere is obtained. The solar radiation irradiance actually received by the target photovoltaic station is corrected according to the final solar radiation irradiance after the reduction by the bottom atmosphere.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Before obtaining the content of water particles in each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station based on the optimized WRF model, the method further includes: Constructing a target simulation area with the target photovoltaic station as the center, and acquiring basic data in the target simulation area; A WRF model is constructed based on the basic data, and the WRF model is optimized by setting an optimal physical parameterization scheme combination strategy to obtain an optimized WRF model. Calculations are performed based on the optimized WRF model, and the content of water particles in each layer of the atmosphere above the target photovoltaic site is obtained according to the calculation results.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The target simulation area is constructed with the target photovoltaic station as the center, including: Taking the target photovoltaic station as the center, a first preset number of nested patterns are set in the horizontal direction using a preset grid distribution, and a second preset number of atmospheric layer distributions are set in the vertical direction using a hybrid vertical coordinate system; The target simulation area is obtained according to the nested pattern and the atmospheric distribution.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The determining of the current atmospheric state of each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station according to the content of water particles in each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station comprises: Obtaining the cloud droplet content in the target layer atmosphere; Determining the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer according to the cloud droplet content in the atmosphere of the target layer; If the cloud droplet content is greater than a first preset content threshold, determining that the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer is a cloudy state; If the cloud droplet content is less than or equal to the first preset content threshold, it is determined that the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer is a cloudless state.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that After determining the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer according to the cloud droplet content in the atmosphere of the target layer, the method further includes: If the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer is a cloudless state, determining whether the cloud droplet content in the atmosphere of the target layer is equal to a second preset content threshold; If the cloud droplet content in the target layer atmosphere is equal to the second preset content threshold, determining that the current atmospheric state of the target layer is clear sky atmosphere; If the cloud droplet content in the atmosphere of the target layer is greater than the second preset content threshold and less than the first preset content threshold, it is determined that the current atmospheric state of the target layer is an aerosol atmosphere.

6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that After determining the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer according to the cloud droplet content in the atmosphere of the target layer, the method further includes: If the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer is a cloudy state, the ice crystal content, the raindrop content, the snow crystal content and the graupel content in the atmosphere of the target layer are obtained, and the current atmospheric state of the target layer is determined according to the cloud drop content, the ice crystal content, the raindrop content, the snow crystal content and the graupel content; If the cloud drop content is greater than the first preset content threshold, and the rain drop content is greater than the first preset content threshold, it is determined that the current atmospheric state of the target layer is liquid phase cloud; If the ice crystal content and the snow crystal content are both greater than a second preset content threshold, and the graupel content is greater than the first preset content threshold, it is determined that the current atmospheric state of the target layer is ice phase cloud; If the cloud drop content, the rain drop content and the graupel content are all greater than the first preset content threshold, and the ice crystal content and the snow crystal content are both greater than the second preset content threshold, it is determined that the current atmospheric state of the target layer is a mixed phase cloud.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of determining the correction coefficient of the weakening of solar radiation by each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station according to the current atmospheric state of each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station comprises: If the current atmospheric state is a clear sky atmosphere, determining a first attenuation correction coefficient of the target layer atmosphere on solar radiation according to the clear sky atmosphere; If the current atmospheric state is an aerosol atmosphere, determining a second attenuation correction coefficient of the target layer atmosphere on solar radiation according to the aerosol atmosphere; If the current atmospheric state is liquid phase cloud, ice phase cloud or mixed phase cloud, a third attenuation correction coefficient of the target layer atmosphere to solar radiation is determined according to the liquid phase cloud, the ice phase cloud or the mixed phase cloud.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method uses the correction coefficient of the attenuation of solar radiation by each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station to calculate the reduction of the solar radiation irradiance by each layer of atmosphere on the solar radiation transmission path from the top atmosphere to the target photovoltaic station layer by layer, obtains the final solar radiation irradiance after the reduction by the bottom atmosphere, and corrects the solar radiation irradiance actually received by the target photovoltaic station according to the final solar radiation irradiance after the reduction by the bottom atmosphere, including: Obtaining the incident solar radiation irradiance at the top layer of the atmosphere; According to the order from the top atmosphere to the bottom atmosphere, based on the incident solar radiation irradiance of the top atmosphere and the preset solar radiation transfer equation, the incident solar radiation irradiance and the reduced solar radiation irradiance of each layer of the atmosphere are calculated in sequence to obtain the final solar radiation irradiance after reduction by the bottom atmosphere; Correcting the solar radiation irradiance actually received by the target photovoltaic station according to the final solar radiation irradiance after being reduced by the bottom atmosphere; Among them, the incident solar radiation irradiance of the current calculation layer atmosphere is the solar radiation irradiance after being reduced by the atmosphere of the upper layer of the current calculation layer atmosphere. The solar radiation irradiance after being reduced by the atmosphere of the current calculation layer atmosphere is calculated by inputting the incident solar radiation irradiance of the current calculation layer atmosphere and the attenuation correction coefficient of the current calculation layer atmosphere to the preset solar radiation transmission equation. Among them, if the current calculation layer is the top layer, the incident solar radiation irradiance of the current calculation layer atmosphere is the incident solar radiation irradiance of the top layer of the atmosphere.

9. A photovoltaic station solar radiation correction device based on a numerical model, characterized in that: include: A water content acquisition module is used to obtain the content of water particles in each layer of the atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station based on the optimized WRF model, wherein the optimized WRF model is obtained by optimizing the WRF model constructed based on the basic data in the target simulation area; An atmospheric state determination module, used to determine the current atmospheric state of each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station according to the content of water particles in each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station, and determine the correction coefficient of the weakening of solar radiation by each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station according to the current atmospheric state of each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station; The target photovoltaic station solar radiation correction module is used to calculate the reduction of solar radiation irradiance by each layer of atmosphere on the solar radiation transmission path from the top of the atmosphere to the target photovoltaic station layer by layer using the correction coefficient of the attenuation of solar radiation by each layer of atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station, and obtain the final solar radiation irradiance after the reduction by the bottom atmosphere, and correct the solar radiation irradiance actually received by the target photovoltaic station according to the final solar radiation irradiance after the reduction by the bottom atmosphere.

10. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that Before obtaining the content of water particles in each layer of the atmosphere above the target photovoltaic station based on the optimized WRF model, the water content obtaining module further includes: A target simulation area setting and basic data acquisition unit is used to construct a target simulation area with the target photovoltaic station as the center and obtain basic data in the target simulation area; A model building and tuning unit is used to build a WRF model based on the basic data, and optimize the WRF model by setting the optimal physical parameterization scheme combination strategy to obtain an optimized WRF model, perform calculations based on the optimized WRF model, and obtain the content of water particles in each layer of the atmosphere above the target photovoltaic site according to the calculation results.

11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that The target simulation area setting and basic data acquisition unit includes: A target simulation area division unit is used to set a first preset number of nested patterns in the horizontal direction using a preset grid distribution with the target photovoltaic station as the center, and to set a second preset number of atmospheric layer distributions in the vertical direction using a mixed vertical coordinate system; A simulation area acquisition unit obtains the target simulation area according to the nested pattern and the atmospheric distribution.

12. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that The atmospheric state determination module comprises: A cloud drop content acquisition unit, used to acquire the cloud drop content in the atmosphere of the target layer; An initial atmospheric state determination unit, configured to determine a current initial atmospheric state of the target layer according to the cloud droplet content in the atmosphere of the target layer; a cloud state determination unit, configured to determine that the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer is a cloud state if the cloud droplet content is greater than a first preset content threshold; A cloudless state determination unit is used to determine that the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer is a cloudless state if the cloud droplet content is less than or equal to the first preset content threshold.

13. The device according to claim 12, characterized in that After determining the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer according to the cloud droplet content in the atmosphere of the target layer, the cloud-free state determination unit includes: a cloud drop content determination subunit, configured to determine whether the cloud drop content in the atmosphere of the target layer is equal to a second preset content threshold value if the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer is a cloudless state; a clear sky atmosphere determination subunit, configured to determine that the current atmospheric state of the target layer is clear sky atmosphere if the cloud droplet content in the atmosphere of the target layer is equal to the second preset content threshold; The aerosol atmosphere determination subunit is used to determine that the current atmospheric state of the target layer is an aerosol atmosphere if the cloud droplet content in the atmosphere of the target layer is greater than a second preset content threshold and less than a first preset content threshold.

14. The device according to claim 12, characterized in that After determining the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer according to the cloud droplet content in the atmosphere of the target layer, the cloud state determination unit comprises: a current atmospheric state determination unit, for obtaining the ice crystal content, raindrop content, snow crystal content and graupel content in the atmosphere of the target layer if the current initial atmospheric state of the target layer is a cloudy state, and determining the current atmospheric state of the target layer according to the cloud drop content, the ice crystal content, the raindrop content, the snow crystal content and the graupel content; a liquid phase cloud determination subunit, configured to determine that the current atmospheric state of the target layer is liquid phase cloud if the cloud drop content is greater than the first preset content threshold and the raindrop content is greater than the first preset content threshold; an ice phase cloud determination subunit, configured to determine that the current atmospheric state of the target layer is an ice phase cloud if both the ice crystal content and the snow crystal content are greater than a second preset content threshold, and the graupel content is greater than the first preset content threshold; A mixed phase cloud determination subunit is used to determine that the current atmospheric state of the target layer is a mixed phase cloud if the cloud drop content, the rain drop content and the graupel content are all greater than the first preset content threshold, and the ice crystal content and the snow crystal content are both greater than the second preset content threshold.

15. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that The atmospheric state determination module comprises: A first attenuation correction coefficient determining unit is used to determine a first attenuation correction coefficient of the target layer atmosphere to solar radiation according to the clear sky atmosphere if the current atmospheric state is a clear sky atmosphere; a second attenuation correction coefficient determining unit, configured to determine, if the current atmospheric state is an aerosol atmosphere, a second attenuation correction coefficient of the target layer atmosphere to solar radiation according to the aerosol atmosphere; The third attenuation correction coefficient determining unit is used to determine the third attenuation correction coefficient of the target layer atmosphere to solar radiation according to the liquid phase cloud, the ice phase cloud or the mixed phase cloud if the current atmospheric state is liquid phase cloud, ice phase cloud or mixed phase cloud.

16. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that The target photovoltaic station solar radiation correction module includes: A solar radiation irradiance acquisition unit, used to acquire the incident solar radiation irradiance of the top layer of the atmosphere; A solar radiation irradiance layer-by-layer calculation unit is used to calculate the incident solar radiation irradiance and the reduced solar radiation irradiance of each layer of the atmosphere in order from the top layer of the atmosphere to the bottom layer of the atmosphere, based on the incident solar radiation irradiance of the top layer of the atmosphere and a preset solar radiation transfer equation, to obtain the final solar radiation irradiance after reduction by the bottom layer of the atmosphere; A solar radiation irradiance correction unit, used to correct the solar radiation irradiance actually received by the target photovoltaic station according to the final solar radiation irradiance after being reduced by the bottom atmosphere; Among them, the incident solar radiation irradiance of the current calculation layer atmosphere is the solar radiation irradiance after being reduced by the atmosphere of the upper layer of the current calculation layer atmosphere. The solar radiation irradiance after being reduced by the atmosphere of the current calculation layer atmosphere is calculated by inputting the incident solar radiation irradiance of the current calculation layer atmosphere and the attenuation correction coefficient of the current calculation layer atmosphere to the preset solar radiation transmission equation. Among them, if the current calculation layer is the top layer, the incident solar radiation irradiance of the current calculation layer atmosphere is the incident solar radiation irradiance of the top layer of the atmosphere.

17. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the method for correcting solar radiation of a photovoltaic station based on a numerical model as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

18. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: The program is executed by a processor to implement the method for correcting solar radiation of a photovoltaic station based on a numerical model as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

19. A computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed, it is used to implement the method for correcting solar radiation of a photovoltaic station based on a numerical model as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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