Straw cleaning device and plastic film residue machine adopting same

Abstract

The straw cleaning device is characterized in that the straw cleaning device comprises a volute, the volute is fixedly arranged and arranged outside a first packing auger in a sleeving mode, the first packing auger comprises a shaft rod, the shaft rod is provided with blades extending in a spiral mode, the volute and the first packing auger form a cleaning cavity in an enclosing mode, and the cleaning cavity is communicated with the volute. The first free end and the second free end of the volute jointly form a suction inlet with a downward opening, and when the first auger rotates under the action of an external driving unit, guide airflow can be generated on the periphery of the first auger, so that straw enters the removing cavity through the suction inlet. The plastic film residue machine comprises a machine frame, two side plates which are oppositely arranged are arranged on the machine frame, and a film picking and packaging unit, a straw cleaning device and a straw smashing unit are sequentially arranged on the two side plates. The device is reasonable in structure, good in straw removing effect and capable of greatly facilitating residual film picking operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural production, and in particular to a straw cleaning device and a residual film machine using the cleaning device. Background Art

[0002] It is a common agricultural practice to crush the remaining straw after crop harvest and return it to the fields. Returning the straw to the fields can increase the soil organic matter content, improve soil structure, increase soil fertility, reduce the use of chemical fertilizers, and effectively avoid environmental pollution caused by straw burning.

[0003] Straw crushing and returning machines have come into being. The existing straw crushing and returning machines include a straw crushing unit, as shown in the crushing mechanism in a residual film baler with application number CN202222410166.3. After crushing, most of the straw can be gathered to both sides of the equipment under the conveyor of the auger, and then the picking mechanism picks up the residual film on the ground, and the picked up residual film enters the baling mechanism for packaging. However, in production practice, the crushed straw may be broken into shorter lengths and left on the ground, affecting subsequent farmland operations. At the same time, it will increase the burden on the picking mechanism and even block the picking mechanism. Manual blowing or picking is time-consuming, labor-intensive and costly. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention discloses a straw cleaning device and a residual film machine using the cleaning device, which solves the technical problem in the prior art that there is still straw left after the straw is crushed and gathered, which affects the subsequent farmland function and increases the burden on the picking mechanism. It has the technical advantages of reasonable structure, good straw cleaning effect and can greatly facilitate the operation of picking up residual film. The adopted technical scheme is as follows: A straw cleaning device comprises a volute, which is fixedly arranged and sleeved outside a first auger, the first auger comprises a shaft, the shaft is provided with spirally extending blades, the volute and the first auger are combined to form a cleaning chamber, the first axial end of the cleaning chamber is closed, and the second axial end of the cleaning chamber forms a discharge port, the first free end and the second free end of the volute jointly form a suction port opening downward, and when the first auger rotates under the action of an external driving unit, a guiding airflow can be generated at the periphery of the first auger to allow straw to enter the cleaning chamber through the suction port.

[0005] Based on the above technical solution, fan blades are further provided on the shaft, and the width of the fan blades is 30-60% of the blade width.

[0006] On the basis of the above technical solution, the fan blades are provided in plurality and are evenly arranged circumferentially, and the fan blades avoid blades.

[0007] Based on the above technical solution, the fan blade includes multiple fan plates along its extension direction to avoid the blades. Reinforced blades are fixedly overlapped on the blades on the outer side of the fan plate. The reinforced blades can abut against the outer end surface of the fan plate to limit the radial runout of the fan plate.

[0008] Based on the above technical solution, a plurality of fan blades are arranged in the spiral channel formed by the blades, and the fan blades include a wind plate, and the wind plate is arranged on the shaft through a wind plate seat, and the wind plate is designed to enhance the guided airflow generated around the shaft when the shaft drives the wind plate to rotate.

[0009] On the basis of the above technical solution, the wind plate is hinged or fixed on the wind plate seat.

[0010] On the basis of the above technical solution, the wind plate includes two vertical plates arranged opposite to each other, a connecting plate is vertically fixed to the upper part of the vertical plate, and the two connecting plates together form the wind plate.

[0011] On the basis of the above technical solution, the shaft rod includes an intermediate shaft tube, connecting shafts are fixedly arranged at both ends of the intermediate shaft tube, and the blades and fan blades are fixedly arranged on the intermediate shaft tube.

[0012] On the basis of the above technical solution, the suction port is trumpet-shaped, and has an angle inclined toward the forward direction of the straw cleaning device.

[0013] On the basis of the above technical solution, the second free end is arranged close to the ground, and the end of the second free end includes a detachably connected rubber scraper.

[0014] On the basis of the above technical solution, it also includes a second auger and a support plate, wherein the support plate is sleeved outside the second auger and encloses the second auger to form a debris removal cavity, and the two free ends of the support plate jointly form a blanking port opening upward.

[0015] On the basis of the above technical solution, the drop-out opening is trumpet-shaped and has an angle inclined toward the rear of the straw cleaning device.

[0016] A residual film machine comprises a frame, the frame is provided with two side plates arranged opposite to each other, and a film picking and packing unit, the straw cleaning device as described above and a straw crushing unit are arranged in sequence between the two side plates along the forward direction; The straw crushing unit is used to crush the straw and throw the crushed straw outward; The film picking and packaging unit is used to pick up residual film and collect and package the residual film; On the basis of the above technical solution, a protective cover is further provided outside the straw crushing unit, and a free end of the support plate away from the film picking and packaging unit extends upward to form an outer wall surface of the protective cover.

[0017] Beneficial Effects The present invention has a reasonable structure. The straw cleaning device comprises a volute, and a first auger is arranged inside the volute. When the first auger rotates at a high speed, a larger guiding airflow can be formed in the circumferential space of the first auger to create a negative pressure environment, so that the straw on the ground is prompted to move upward into the cleaning chamber, so the purpose of automatically picking up the residual straw can be achieved. Not only can the straw be collected more cleanly to avoid affecting subsequent planting, but also the working burden and failure rate of the residual film picking mechanism can be greatly reduced.

[0018] In addition, the shaft is also provided with fan blades, which can ensure that a sufficiently large guiding airflow is formed in the circumference of the auger, so that the straw can be more fully sucked into the cleaning chamber, and the straw cleaning effect is better, avoiding the method of increasing the shaft speed to form the guiding airflow, which is conducive to reducing energy consumption. In addition, when the cleaning chamber has sufficient guiding airflow, it can also avoid blockage, streamline the structure, avoid the use of auxiliary equipment such as fans to ensure the smooth discharge of straw, and is conducive to miniaturization; The suction port formed by the volute of the straw cleaning device in the present invention is trumpet-shaped and has an inclined angle, so that the straw scattered on the ground can be directionally collected in the volute and then discharged outwardly under the action of the auger, so that the straw is collected more cleanly and subsequent operations are convenient; on the other hand, a support plate and a second auger are also provided above the volute, and the support plate forms a drop port with an upward opening, and the straw mixed in the picked up residual film can be dropped into the support plate and discharged outwardly by the second auger, so that the straw can be avoided from being mixed in the residual film after packaging, which is beneficial to reducing the failure rate of the picking mechanism and improving the user experience. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only one embodiment of the present invention, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other implementation drawings can be derived from the provided drawings without creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 : A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the straw cleaning device in Example 1; Figure 2 : A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first auger in Example 1; Figure 3 : Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the residual film machine in Example 1; Figure 4 : A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the straw cleaning device in Example 2; Figure 5 : A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first auger of the straw cleaning device in Example 3; Figure 6: A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first auger of the straw cleaning device in Example 4; Figure 7 : A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the front view of the first auger of the straw cleaning device in Example 4; Figure 8 : Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at point A in the middle; Fig. 9 : A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first auger in Example 5; DETAILED DESCRIPTION The following description and accompanying drawings fully illustrate the specific embodiments of this article so that those skilled in the art can practice them. Parts and features of some embodiments may be included in or replace parts and features of other embodiments. The scope of the embodiments of this article includes the entire scope of the claims, as well as all available equivalents of the claims. Herein, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish one element from another, without requiring or implying any actual relationship or order between these elements. In fact, the first element can also be called the second element, and vice versa. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the structure, device or equipment including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements that are not explicitly listed, or also include elements inherent to such structure, device or equipment. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "including one..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the structure, device or equipment including the elements. Each embodiment is described in a progressive manner herein, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0021] The terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. in this document indicate the orientation or position relationship based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this document and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In the description of this document, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, it can also be the internal communication of two elements, it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0022] As used herein, unless otherwise specified, the term "plurality" means two or more than two.

[0023] In this document, the character " / " indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship. For example, A / B means: A or B.

[0024] In this article, the term "and / or" is a description of the association relationship between objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B means: A or B, or, A and B.

[0025] Example 1 like Figure 1~2 The straw cleaning device shown in the figure includes a volute 5, which is fixedly arranged and sleeved outside the first auger. The first auger includes a shaft 1. In this embodiment, the shaft 1 includes an intermediate shaft tube 11, and connecting shafts 12 are fixedly arranged at both ends of the intermediate shaft tube 11. In this application, the shaft 11 is a hollow tube, light in weight, and has sufficient structural strength. Bearings are sleeved at the two connecting shafts 12, and the external driving unit can transmit the rotational motion to a connecting shaft 12, so as to drive the first auger to rotate. Figure 2 As shown, the intermediate shaft tube 11 is fixedly provided with the blades 2 extending in a spiral shape.

[0026] The volute 5 and the first auger are combined to form a cleaning chamber, the first axial end of the cleaning chamber is closed, and the second axial end of the cleaning chamber forms a discharge port.

[0027] The volute 5 is generally U-shaped, and the first free end 51 and the second free end 52 of the volute 5 together form a suction port opening downward. Figure 1 As shown, the suction port is trumpet-shaped and can cover a larger ground area. The suction port has an angle of inclination toward the displacement direction of the cleaning device. The inclination angle of the suction port is 40~60°. In this embodiment, the inclination angle of the suction port is 45°. On the one hand, this further increases the coverage area of ​​the suction port. On the other hand, the second free end 52 of the volute 5 is set close to the ground. The end of the second free end 52 includes a detachably connected rubber scraper 6. During the movement of the straw cleaning device, the rubber scraper 6 rubs and smoothes the ground. The detachable manner makes it easier to replace the rubber scraper after it is worn.

[0028] When the first auger rotates under the action of the external drive unit, a guided airflow can be generated at the periphery of the first auger, so that the straw cleaning device sweeps across the field, and the scattered straw can automatically enter the cleaning chamber under the action of negative pressure and be discharged laterally. The automation is highly efficient and can replace manual picking. The design is sophisticated. By configuring different shaft speeds, different directional guided airflow forces can be obtained, which is convenient for collecting broken straw and subsequent farmland operations, while reducing the burden of the film picking and packaging unit when clearing the film later.

[0029] like Figure 1As shown, it also includes a second auger 7 and a support plate 8. The support plate 8 is arranged above the volute 5, and the support plate 8 is fixedly arranged. The second auger 7 is arranged parallel to the axis of the first auger. The support plate 8 is sleeved outside the second auger 7 and encloses the second auger 7 to form a debris discharge cavity. As shown in the figure, the two free ends of the support plate 8 jointly form a material discharge port with an opening facing upward, such as Figure 1 As shown, the material drop opening is trumpet-shaped and has an angle of inclination toward the rear of the displacement direction of the cleaning device. In this embodiment, the inclination angle of the material drop opening is 40-60°. One end of the impurity removal cavity is closed, and the other end forms a discharge opening.

[0030] like Figure 3 The residual film machine shown in the figure comprises a frame, on which two side plates 9 are fixedly arranged opposite to each other, and between the two side plates 9 are arranged film picking and packing units, the straw cleaning device as described above, and a straw crushing unit in sequence along the forward direction; The straw crushing unit is a prior art, which is used to crush the straw and throw the crushed straw outward, as shown in the straw crushing mechanism on the application number CN202222410166.3 and the application number CN202222734839.0, which is a residual film recycling integrated machine. They will not be described in detail here, and technical personnel in this field can select them according to their needs.

[0031] The film picking and packaging unit is a prior art, which is used to pick up residual film and collect and pack the residual film, as shown in the application number CN202222410166.3, which is named a residual film packaging machine, and the application number CN202020061380.0, which is named a residual film picking and packaging integrated machine. It will not be repeated here, and those skilled in the art can choose it according to their needs. The two ends of the volute 5 and the support plate 8 are respectively fixed to the two side plates 9, and the discharge port of the cleaning chamber and the discharge port of the impurity discharge chamber pass through the side plates 9 at the corresponding positions.

[0032] In the fields swept by the residual film machine, the straw crushing unit crushes the straw and throws the crushed straw outward or discharges it sideways.

[0033] The straw that is not transported by the straw crushing unit remains in the field. When the straw cleaning device sweeps over it, the remaining straw can automatically enter the cleaning chamber under the action of negative pressure and be discharged laterally. The straw gathering effect is good, which can greatly reduce the remaining straw in the field, facilitate subsequent farmland operations, and reduce the burden of the film picking and packaging unit when removing the film later.

[0034] The film picking and baling unit includes a film picking roller and a drum baler. The film picking roller includes a number of film picking hooks that rotate circumferentially. The film picking hooks are used to pick up the residual film on the ground. When the film picking hooks transport the mixture of residual film and straw, the mixed straw and other debris can fall into the debris discharge cavity under the action of their own weight, thereby separating the straw and other debris from the ground film, avoiding sending the straw and other debris into the round bale baler, which is beneficial to reducing the failure rate of the round bale baler.

[0035] like Figure 3 As shown, a protective cover is provided outside the straw crushing unit, and a free end of the support plate 8 away from the film picking and packaging unit extends upward to form an outer wall surface of the protective cover, so that the straw crushing unit and the film picking and packaging unit can be separated to avoid mutual interference, which is conducive to improving the user experience.

[0036] Example 2 The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that the straw cleaning device between the straw crushing unit and the film picking and baling unit of the residual film machine does not include the support plate 8 and the second auger 7, and a plurality of straw cleaning devices are arranged in parallel to better clean the residual straw and ensure the cleanliness of the field.

[0037] Example 3 The difference between Example 3 and Example 1 is that at least one blade 3 is provided on the shaft 1, and the blade 3 extends substantially along the axial direction of the shaft 1, that is, the tail end of the blade 3 has a deflection angle relative to the tail end of the blade 3.

[0038] Example 4 The difference between Example 4 and Example 3 is that there are multiple blades 3 and they are evenly arranged in the circumference. In this embodiment, there are four blades 3, and each blade 3 extends radially outward. In this way, when the shaft 1 rotates at a high speed, under the action of the blades 3 and the blades 2, a negative pressure environment is formed in the circumferential space of the shaft 1, and a directional guiding airflow is generated to guide the straw therein to be discharged quickly. In this embodiment, for the convenience of processing, each blade 3 includes a plurality of fan plates 31 arranged along its extension direction. The fan plates 13 extend along the circumference of the shaft 1 and avoid the blades 2. In addition, in order to avoid interference with the blades 2 and reduce the dimensional accuracy of the fan plates 31, the fan plates 31 are cut at two corners close to the intermediate shaft tube 11.

[0039] In the present application, the width of the fan blade 3 is smaller than the width of the blade 2, which is 30-60% of the width of the blade 2. This can ensure the formation of a larger guided airflow on the one hand, and on the other hand, form sufficient accommodation space on the periphery of the shaft 1 to ensure a higher straw discharge rate.

[0040] like Figure 3As shown, the outer edge of the blade 2 is also overlapped with a reinforcing blade 4, and accordingly, in order to avoid the blade 2, the reinforcing blade 4 includes a plurality of length segments, each of which fits with the blade 2 at a corresponding position, so that the structural strength of the blade 2 can be improved and the service life of the blade 2 can be improved. In other embodiments of the present invention, the reinforcing blade 4 is arranged on the outside of the fan blade 3, and when the fan blade 3 is loose, the radial runout of the fan blade 3 can be limited, and the use safety is good.

[0041] Example 5 The difference between Example 5 and Example 1 is that Fig. 9 As shown, a plurality of fan blades 3 are provided in the spiral channel 300 formed by the blades 2, and the plurality of fan blades 3 are evenly arranged in the spiral channel 300. The fan blades 3 include a wind plate 33, and the wind plate 33 is provided on the shaft 1 through a wind plate seat 34. In this embodiment, the wind plate 33 is hinged on the wind plate seat 34. When the shaft 1 rotates, the wind plate 33 swings under the action of inertia force, which can enhance the guiding airflow generated on the periphery of the shaft, so that the straw enters the cleaning chamber through the suction port.

[0042] The wind plate 33 includes two vertical plates 331 arranged opposite to each other, and a pin passes through the two vertical plates 331 and the wind plate seat 34 to hinge the two vertical plates 331 with the wind plate seat 34. In this embodiment, a washer is sleeved on the pin between the vertical plates 331 and the wind plate seat 34, and the washer presses the two vertical plates 331 tightly to make the two vertical plates 331 move synchronously; a connecting plate 332 is vertically fixed to the upper part of the vertical plate 331, and the two connecting plates 332 together form the wind plate 33. In this way, when the shaft 1 rotates, the wind plate 33 can enhance the guiding airflow generated on the periphery of the shaft 1, and at the same time, the wind plate 33 swings under the action of inertia force and can also push the straw into the cleaning cavity, which is conducive to the rapid discharge of the straw and avoids blockage.

[0043] In other embodiments of the present invention, the wind plate 33 may also be fixedly connected to the wind plate seat 34 .

[0044] The present invention is described above by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and any changes or modifications made based on the present invention belong to the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A straw cleaning device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a volute (5), wherein the volute (5) is fixedly arranged and sleeved outside a first auger, wherein the first auger comprises a shaft (1), wherein the shaft (1) is provided with blades (2) extending in a spiral shape, wherein the volute and the first auger are combined to form a cleaning chamber, wherein the first axial end of the cleaning chamber is closed, and the second axial end of the cleaning chamber forms a discharge port, wherein the first free end (51) and the second free end (52) of the volute (5) jointly form a suction port opening downwardly, and the first auger rotates under the action of an external drive unit.

2. The straw cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shaft (1) is also provided with a fan blade (3), and the width of the fan blade (3) is 30-60% of the width of the blade (2).

3. The straw cleaning device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fan blades (3) are provided in plurality and are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction.

4. The straw cleaning device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fan blade (3) includes a plurality of fan plates (31) along its extension direction to avoid the blades (2); a reinforcement blade (4) is fixedly connected to the blades (2) outside the fan plates (31) in an overlapping manner; the reinforcement blade (4) can abut against the outer end surface of the fan plate (31) to limit the radial runout of the fan plate (4).

5. The cleaning device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of fan blades (3) are arranged in the spiral channel (300) formed by the blades (2), and the fan blades (3) include a wind plate (33). The wind plate (33) is arranged on the shaft (1) via a wind plate seat (34), and the wind plate (33) is designed so that when the shaft (1) drives the wind plate (33) to rotate, the guided airflow generated on the periphery of the shaft (1) can be enhanced.

6. The cleaning device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The wind plate (33) is hinged or fixed on the wind plate seat (34).

7. The cleaning device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The wind plate (33) comprises two vertical plates (331) arranged opposite to each other, a connecting plate (332) being vertically fixedly connected to the upper portion of the vertical plate (331), and the two connecting plates (332) together form the wind plate (33).

8. The straw cleaning device according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that: The shaft rod (1) comprises an intermediate shaft tube (11), connecting shafts (12) are fixedly arranged at both ends of the intermediate shaft tube (11), and the blades (2) and the fan blades (3) are fixedly arranged on the intermediate shaft tube (11).

9. The straw cleaning device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The suction port is trumpet-shaped and has an angle inclined toward the advancing direction of the straw cleaning device.

10. The straw cleaning device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second free end (52) is arranged close to the ground, and the end of the second free end (52) comprises a detachably connected rubber scraper (6).

11. The straw cleaning device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, 9 and 10, characterized in that: It also comprises a second auger (7) and a support plate (8), wherein the support plate (8) is sleeved outside the second auger (7) and encloses the second auger (7) to form a debris removal cavity, and the two free ends of the support plate (8) jointly form a material discharge port with an opening facing upward.

12. The straw cleaning device according to claim 11, characterized in that: The drop-off opening is in a trumpet shape and has an angle inclined toward the rear of the straw cleaning device.

13. A residual film machine, characterized in that: The machine comprises a frame, the frame is provided with two side plates (9) arranged opposite to each other, and a film picking and packing unit, a straw cleaning device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, 9 and 10, and a straw crushing unit are arranged in sequence between the two side plates (9) along the forward direction; The straw crushing unit is used to crush the straw and throw the crushed straw outward; The film picking and packaging unit is used to pick up residual film and collect and package the residual film; The straw cleaning device allows residual straw on the ground to enter the cleaning chamber through the suction port and be discharged laterally.

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