Method for improving uranium enrichment amount of overground part of hyperaccumulator

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for increasing the uranium enrichment amount of the overground part of a hyperaccumulator, and belongs to the technical field of uranium-contaminated soil phytoremediation. The method comprises the following steps: mixing uranium-contaminated soil with water to obtain mixed soil; uranium hyperaccumulators are planted on the mixed soil and irrigated regularly, and the uranium hyperaccumulators grow for a period of time; deferoxamine mesylate is applied to rhizosphere soil of the uranium hyperaccumulator, and the uranium hyperaccumulator continues to grow for a certain time; the overground part of the uranium hyperaccumulator is harvested, and the uranium enrichment amount is measured. The invention discloses a method for improving the uranium enrichment amount of the overground part of a hyperaccumulator, which can effectively improve the uranium enrichment amount of the overground part of the hyperaccumulator, shorten the phytoremediation period and improve the efficiency of phytoremediation of uranium-polluted soil.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of phytoremediation of uranium-contaminated soil, and in particular relates to a method for increasing the uranium enrichment in the aerial part of a hyperaccumulator plant. Background Art

[0002] Uranium, the heaviest element in nature, is widely distributed in soil, minerals, sediments and seawater in the form of three radioactive isotopes. It is not only a key resource for the development of nuclear power and the nuclear industry, but also a strategically important nuclear energy mineral. With the use of nuclear energy and the rapid development of the nuclear industry, the exploration, mining and processing of uranium ore have also increased accordingly. These activities inevitably release a large amount of radioactive nuclides into the environment, causing soil contamination, especially in the areas around uranium tailings ponds, where the uranium content in the soil is much higher than the natural background value. Uranium in the environment can be absorbed by plants and enriched in the food chain, which in turn affects human health, including endocrine disorders, decreased immunity, organ system damage, cancer and gene mutations. In addition, uranium also has a negative impact on the reproductive development of mammals, which can reduce fertility and embryonic development. In view of the radioactivity and chemical toxicity of uranium, it is crucial to repair contaminated soil, restore its sustainable use, and protect the ecological environment and human health to maintain the sustainable development of the nuclear industry.

[0003] Phytoremediation technology uses plants and their associated microorganisms to remove, degrade or separate toxic substances in soil and water, such as heavy metals, organic matter and radioactive pollutants. It is an environmentally friendly and low-cost in-situ remediation method. Plants absorb uranium through their roots and transfer it to roots, stems, leaves and other parts, thereby purifying the soil. However, the enrichment of uranium in most plants is mainly concentrated in the roots, and only a small amount can be transferred to the aboveground parts. In order to improve the efficiency of phytoremediation, especially to increase the uranium enrichment in the aboveground parts of plants, it is urgent to develop new technical methods. This will help to more effectively repair uranium-contaminated soil and protect the environment and human health. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a method for increasing the uranium enrichment in the aboveground parts of hyper-enriched plants, which can effectively increase the uranium enrichment in the aboveground parts of hyper-enriched plants, shorten the plant restoration cycle, and improve the efficiency of plant restoration of uranium-contaminated soil.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A method for increasing the uranium enrichment in the aerial parts of hyperaccumulator plants comprises the following steps: S1. Pretreatment of uranium contaminated soil: mixing the uranium contaminated soil with water to obtain mixed soil; S2, planting uranium hyper-enriched plants: planting uranium hyper-enriched plants on the mixed soil obtained in step S1, watering them regularly, and allowing the uranium hyper-enriched plants to grow for a period of time; S3, applying deferoxamine mesylate to the rhizosphere soil of the uranium hyperaccumulator plants, and the plants continue to grow for a certain period of time; S4. Harvest the above-ground parts of uranium hyper-enriched plants and measure the uranium enrichment.

[0006] Preferably, in step S1, the mass ratio of the uranium-contaminated soil to water is 3:2-7:2.

[0007] Preferably, in step S2, the timing of planting uranium hyper-enriched plants is 15 days after obtaining the mixed soil.

[0008] Preferably, in step S2, the uranium hyperaccumulating plants include one or more of Macleaya cordata, Commelina scabra and Salix babylonica.

[0009] Preferably, it is characterized in that, in step S2, the plant growth time is 11 days.

[0010] Preferably, in step S3, the concentration of the deferoxamine mesylate is 0.025-0.2 mmol / kg, and the addition ratio of the deferoxamine mesylate is 1:50000-1:7692.

[0011] Preferably, in step S3, deferoxamine mesylate is applied 3-6 times.

[0012] Preferably, after the first application of deferoxamine mesylate to the rhizosphere soil of the plant, deferoxamine mesylate is applied once every 12-18 days.

[0013] Preferably, in step S3, deferoxamine mesylate is applied to the rhizosphere soil of the uranium hyperaccumulator plant, and the plant continues to grow for 50-80 days.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects: The invention discloses a method for increasing the uranium enrichment of the aerial part of a hyper-enriched plant, by planting the hyper-enriched plant in uranium-contaminated soil and applying deferoxamine mesylate at a key growth stage, thereby significantly increasing the uranium enrichment of the aerial part of the plant. As an iron carrier, deferoxamine mesylate forms a stable complex with uranium in the soil, thereby enhancing the plant's ability to absorb and transport uranium. The method not only improves the efficiency of plant repair of uranium-contaminated soil, but also shortens the repair cycle and reduces the repair cost. By optimizing the mixing ratio of soil and water, plant species selection, and the application concentration and frequency of deferoxamine mesylate, the present invention realizes efficient and environmentally friendly repair of uranium-contaminated soil. In addition, by accurately controlling the plant growth cycle and harvesting time, the efficient enrichment of uranium and the maximization of the plant repair effect are further ensured. The entire repair process does not increase environmental risks, and is a sustainable uranium-contaminated soil repair technology.

[0015] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following embodiments.

[0017] Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used in the present invention shall have the common meanings understood by one having ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs.

[0018] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, other test materials and instruments and equipment are conventional test materials in the art and can be purchased through commercial channels.

[0019] Example 1 This example provides a method for increasing the uranium enrichment in the aerial parts of a hyperaccumulator plant, comprising the following steps: S1. Pretreatment of uranium-contaminated soil: mixing uranium-contaminated soil with water at a mass ratio of 2:1 to obtain mixed soil; S2, planting uranium hyperaccumulators: 15 days after the mixed soil obtained in step S1 was planted with Macleaya oleifera, watered regularly, and the Macleaya oleifera was grown for 11 days; S3, applying 300mL 0.1mmol / kg deferoxamine mesylate to the rhizosphere soil of Macleaya oleifera, after the first application of deferoxamine mesylate, applying deferoxamine mesylate to the rhizosphere soil of Macleaya oleifera once every 15 days, each application concentration is 0.1mmol / kg, the number of applications is 4, and Macleaya oleifera continues to grow for 60 days; S4. The aerial parts of Macleaya cordata were harvested for the first time after growing for 71 days in the uranium-contaminated soil, and the aerial parts were harvested for the second time after growing for another 60 days.

[0020] Example 2 This example provides a method for increasing the uranium enrichment in the aerial parts of hyperaccumulator plants, comprising the following steps: S1. Pretreatment of uranium-contaminated soil: mixing uranium-contaminated soil with water at a mass ratio of 2:1 to obtain mixed soil; S2, planting uranium hyperaccumulators: 15 days after the mixed soil obtained in step S1 was planted with Macleaya oleifera, watered regularly, and the Macleaya oleifera was grown for 11 days; S3, applying 150mL 0.05mmol / kg deferoxamine mesylate to the rhizosphere soil of Macleaya oleifera. After the first application of deferoxamine mesylate, deferoxamine mesylate was applied to the rhizosphere soil of Macleaya oleifera once every 15 days, each application concentration was 0.05 mmol / kg, and the number of applications was 4 times; S4. The aerial parts of Macleaya cordata were harvested for the first time after growing for 71 days in the uranium-contaminated soil, and the aerial parts were harvested for the second time after growing for another 60 days.

[0021] Example 3 This example provides a method for increasing the uranium enrichment in the aerial parts of hyperaccumulator plants, comprising the following steps: S1. Pretreatment of uranium-contaminated soil: mixing uranium-contaminated soil with water at a mass ratio of 2:1 to obtain mixed soil; S2, planting uranium hyperaccumulators: 15 days after the mixed soil obtained in step S1 was planted with Macleaya oleifera, watered regularly, and the Macleaya oleifera was grown for 11 days; S3, applying 600 mL of 0.2 mmol / kg deferoxamine mesylate to the rhizosphere soil of Macleaya oleifera. After the first application of deferoxamine mesylate, deferoxamine mesylate was applied to the rhizosphere soil of Macleaya oleifera once every 15 days, each application concentration was 0.2 mmol / kg, and the number of applications was 4 times; S4. The aerial parts of Macleaya cordata were harvested for the first time after growing for 71 days in the uranium-contaminated soil, and the aerial parts were harvested for the second time after growing for another 60 days.

[0022] Example 4 This example provides a method for increasing the uranium enrichment in the aerial parts of hyperaccumulator plants, comprising the following steps: S1. Pretreatment of uranium-contaminated soil: mixing uranium-contaminated soil with water at a mass ratio of 2:1 to obtain mixed soil; S2, planting uranium hyperaccumulators: 15 days after the mixed soil obtained in step S1 was planted with Macleaya oleifera, watered regularly, and the Macleaya oleifera was grown for 11 days; S3, applying 75mL 0.025mmol / kg deferoxamine mesylate to the rhizosphere soil of Macleaya oleifera. After the first application of deferoxamine mesylate, deferoxamine mesylate was applied to the rhizosphere soil of Macleaya oleifera once every 15 days, and the concentration of each application was 0.025 mmol / kg, and the number of applications was 4 times; S4. The aerial parts of Macleaya cordata were harvested for the first time after growing for 71 days in the uranium-contaminated soil, and the aerial parts were harvested for the second time after growing for another 60 days.

[0023] Example 5 This example provides a method for increasing the uranium enrichment in the aerial parts of hyperaccumulator plants, comprising the following steps: S1. Pretreatment of uranium-contaminated soil: mixing uranium-contaminated soil with water at a mass ratio of 2:1 to obtain mixed soil; S2. Planting uranium hyperaccumulating plants: Planting Duckweed in the mixed soil obtained in step S1 for 15 days, watering it regularly, and growing the Duckweed for 11 days; S3, applying 300mL 0.1mmol / kg deferoxamine mesylate to the rhizosphere soil of the common smilax glabra. After the first application of deferoxamine mesylate, deferoxamine mesylate was applied to the rhizosphere soil of the common smilax glabra once every 15 days, each application concentration was 0.1mmol / kg, and the number of applications was 4 times; S4. The aboveground part of the coleus was harvested for the first time after it had grown for 71 days in the uranium-contaminated soil, and the aboveground part was harvested for the second time after it continued to grow for 65 days.

[0024] Example 6 This example provides a method for increasing the uranium enrichment in the aerial parts of a hyperaccumulator plant, comprising the following steps: S1. Pretreatment of uranium-contaminated soil: mixing uranium-contaminated soil with water at a mass ratio of 2:1 to obtain mixed soil; S2, planting uranium hyperaccumulating plants: 15 days after the mixed soil obtained in step S1 is planted, bamboo willows are watered regularly, and the bamboo willows grow for 11 days; S3, applying 300 mL 0.1 mmol / kg deferoxamine mesylate to the rhizosphere soil of bamboo willow. After the first application of deferoxamine mesylate, deferoxamine mesylate was applied to the rhizosphere soil of bamboo willow once every 15 days. The concentration of each application was 0.1 mmol / kg, and the number of applications was 4 times. S4. The aboveground parts of the bamboo willows were harvested for the first time after growing for 75 days in the uranium-contaminated soil, and the aboveground parts were harvested for the second time after growing for another 75 days.

[0025] Comparative Example 1 The steps of the method for increasing uranium enrichment in the aerial parts of hyperaccumulator plants provided in this comparative example are consistent with those provided in Example 1, except that deferoxamine mesylate is not added in step S3.

[0026] Comparative Example 2 The steps of this comparative example are consistent with those of the method for increasing uranium enrichment in the aerial parts of hyperaccumulator plants provided in Example 5, except that deferoxamine mesylate is not added in step S3.

[0027] Comparative Example 3 The steps of this comparative example are consistent with those of the method for increasing uranium enrichment in the aerial parts of hyperaccumulator plants provided in Example 6, except that deferoxamine mesylate is not added in step S3.

[0028] The effects of the above embodiments and comparative examples were verified by the following experiments.

[0029] The harvested herbs were dried, crushed, burned, weighed, and digested. The uranium content in the digestion solution was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and the uranium enrichment in the hyperaccumulator plants was further calculated. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0030] Table 1 Uranium enrichment of various aerial parts of plants in Examples and Comparative Examples

[0031] It can be seen from Table 1 that, compared with Comparative Example 1, in Example 1, the uranium enrichment of the aerial part of Macleaya cordata increased by 218.8% in the first harvest, and the uranium enrichment of the aerial part of Macleaya cordata increased by 225.6% in the second harvest.

[0032] Compared with Comparative Example 1, in Example 2, the uranium enrichment of the aerial part of Macleaya cordata increased by 182.5% in the first harvest, and the uranium enrichment of the aerial part of Macleaya cordata increased by 185.1% in the second harvest.

[0033] Compared with Comparative Example 1, in Example 3, the uranium enrichment of the aerial part of Macleaya hirta increased by 208.5% in the first harvest, and the uranium enrichment of the aerial part of Macleaya hirta increased by 210.9% in the second harvest.

[0034] Compared with Comparative Example 1, in Example 4, the uranium enrichment of the aerial part of Macleaya cordata increased by 156.5% in the first harvest, and the uranium enrichment of the aerial part of Macleaya cordata increased by 160.3% in the second harvest.

[0035] Compared with Comparative Example 2, in Example 5, the uranium enrichment of the aboveground part of the duckweed grass increased by 280.3% in the first harvest, and the uranium enrichment of the aboveground part of the duckweed grass increased by 321.5% in the second harvest.

[0036] Compared with Comparative Example 3, in Example 6, the uranium enrichment of the aerial part of the bamboo willow increased by 186.5% in the first harvest, and the uranium enrichment of the aerial part of the bamboo willow increased by 201.9% in the second harvest.

[0037] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solution of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solution to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for increasing the uranium enrichment in the aerial parts of hyperaccumulator plants, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Pretreatment of uranium contaminated soil: mixing the uranium contaminated soil with water to obtain mixed soil; S2, planting uranium hyper-enriched plants: planting uranium hyper-enriched plants on the mixed soil obtained in step S1, watering them regularly, and allowing the uranium hyper-enriched plants to grow for a period of time; S3, applying deferoxamine mesylate to the rhizosphere soil of the uranium hyperaccumulator plants, and the plants continue to grow for a certain period of time; S4. Harvest the above-ground parts of uranium hyper-enriched plants and measure the uranium enrichment.

2. A method for increasing uranium enrichment in the aerial parts of hyperaccumulator plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the mass ratio of the uranium-contaminated soil to water is 3:2-7:

2.

3. A method for increasing uranium enrichment in the aerial parts of hyperaccumulator plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the timing of planting uranium hyper-enriched plants is 15 days after the mixed soil is obtained.

4. The method for increasing uranium enrichment in the aerial parts of hyperaccumulator plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the uranium hyperaccumulating plants include one or more of Macleaya cordata, Commelina scabra and Salix babylonica.

5. The method for increasing uranium enrichment in the aerial parts of hyperaccumulator plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the plant growth time is 11 days.

6. The method for increasing uranium enrichment in the aerial parts of hyperaccumulator plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the concentration of deferoxamine mesylate is 0.025-0.2 mmol / kg, and the addition ratio of deferoxamine mesylate is 1:50000-1:7692.

7. The method for increasing uranium enrichment in the aerial parts of hyperaccumulator plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, deferoxamine mesylate is applied 3-6 times.

8. A method for increasing uranium enrichment in the aerial parts of hyperaccumulator plants according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: After the first application of deferoxamine mesylate to the rhizosphere soil of the plants, deferoxamine mesylate was applied every 12-18 days.

9. The method for increasing uranium enrichment in the aerial parts of hyperaccumulator plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, deferoxamine mesylate is applied to the rhizosphere soil of the uranium hyperaccumulator plant, and the plant continues to grow for 50-80 days.

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