Automatic centrifugal casting equipment and casting process

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic centrifugal casting device and a casting process, and relates to the technical field of metal casting casting equipment. The device comprises a centrifuge, a mold, an automatic mold loading and unloading device, a casting device and a control device. The centrifuge adopts a horizontal centrifuge, the mold consists of an outer mold and an inner mold, and the automatic mold loading and unloading device comprises a mold pushing device, an inner mold loading and unloading device, and an inner mold separating device. The clamping claws of the inner mold loading and unloading device are connected with the inner mold through an inner mold lock, and the inner mold lock is automatically unlocked and locked by the inner mold loading and unloading device, and the inner mold and the outer mold are automatically locked or unlocked. During the casting process, the inner mold loading and unloading device is out of contact with the inner mold, so that the external force does not affect the working performance of the centrifuge. The device has the advantages of high production efficiency, reliable operation, long service life, etc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to centrifugal casting equipment and technology, in particular to a centrifugal casting device and a casting technology with automatic mold installation and automatic demoulding functions. Background Art

[0002] Centrifugal casting is a process in which the centrifuge rotates at high speed and uses centrifugal force to form a casting blank in the inner cavity of the mold by flowing molten steel. It has the advantages of environmentally friendly production process, high density of castings, and low manufacturing cost. It is particularly effective in the production and manufacturing of valve castings and submersible motor housing castings. At the same time, in order to improve the production efficiency of centrifugal casting, the applicant applied for the "Automatic Centrifugal Casting Device and Process for Three-Eccentric Butterfly Valve Body" with application number CN202410972438.X, which uses pneumatic devices and manipulators to realize automatic assembly and automatic demoulding of the mold, reducing the manual labor in the production process and improving production efficiency. The positioning frame of the pneumatic device of this centrifugal casting device is connected to the upper positioning mold by a high-speed bearing that is resistant to high temperatures. The pneumatic device presses the mold onto the rotating shaft of the centrifuge through the high-speed bearing, and the mold is driven to rotate by the centrifuge, and centrifugal casting is realized by the centrifugal principle. However, during the actual implementation process, our company found that the invention patent had the following shortcomings: during the centrifugal casting process, the pneumatic device pressed the mold against the centrifuge, increasing the axial force of the centrifuge and affecting the working performance of the centrifuge; moreover, during the high-speed rotation of the centrifuge, the bearings between the pneumatic device and the mold were easily worn, and the axial positioning function of the mold was gradually reduced, affecting the working reliability and service life of the equipment. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an automatic centrifugal casting equipment and a casting process with high production efficiency, reliable working performance and long service life in view of the deficiencies in the prior art.

[0004] The automatic centrifugal casting equipment of the present invention is:

[0005] An automatic centrifugal casting device comprises a centrifuge, a mold, an automatic mold loading and unloading device, a casting device and a control device; the centrifuge adopts a horizontal centrifuge, including a base, a power device, a main shaft, and a main shaft housing; the control device adopts a PLC control system; the mold consists of an outer mold and an inner mold, the outer mold is fixedly connected to the main shaft of the centrifuge through a mounting plate, the inner mold consists of a first half mold and a second half mold of two semi-cylindrical structures spliced ​​together, a wedge-shaped pin is inserted into the pin hole of the outer mold to press the inner mold into the cylindrical mounting cavity of the outer mold, there are at least two wedge-shaped pins, which are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner mold, loading and unloading bayonet ports are respectively arranged at symmetrical positions on the outer cylindrical surfaces of the first half mold and the second half mold, and mutually matching axial guide ribs and axial guide grooves are arranged between the inner wall of the cylindrical mounting cavity of the outer mold and the outer cylindrical surface of the inner mold; the automatic mold loading and unloading device comprises a mold pushing device, an inner mold loading and unloading device, and an inner mold separation device, the mold pushing device is movably mounted on The push rod in the axial through hole of the spindle and the push die oil cylinder fixedly installed at the end of the spindle; the inner mold loading and unloading device comprises a clamping claw, a chuck, a hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic moving platform, the clamping claw has the same number as the wedge-shaped pin, and is installed in the radial clamping groove evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the chuck, a clamping claw radial expansion device is provided between the clamping claw and the chuck, the chuck is fixedly installed at the left end of the hydraulic cylinder ejection rod, the center line of the chuck coincides with the center line of the spindle, the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed in the hydraulic moving platform, and the hydraulic moving platform is installed on the base; the clamping claw is connected to the inner mold through the inner mold lock, the inner mold lock is composed of an inner mold connecting plate and a wedge-shaped pin movably installed in the radial dovetail groove on the right plane of the inner mold connecting plate, a horizontal mounting guide rail is provided between the inner mold and the inner mold connecting plate, the center of the inner mold connecting plate has a casting hole connected to the inner mold casting cavity, a clamping device is provided between the clamping claw and the inner mold connecting plate, and a locking device is provided between the clamping claw and the wedge-shaped pin.

[0006] In the above technical scheme, the clamping device is composed of a radial annular shoulder protruding to the right on the right plane of the inner mold connecting plate, which cooperates with the radial annular groove in the inner hole of the left end of the claw; the locking device is composed of a trapezoidal circular groove in the left plane of the claw and an annular boss on the right end face of the inner side of the wedge-shaped pin, which cooperates with each other.

[0007] In the above technical solution, the horizontal mounting guide rail is composed of upper T-slot and lower T-slot parallel to each other in the right plane of the inner mold and upper T-rail and lower T-rail in the left plane of the inner mold connecting plate.

[0008] In the above technical solution, the inner mold connecting plate is composed of an inner mold grab plate and a gate plate. The gate plate is concentrically fixedly installed on the inner side of the left plane of the inner mold grab plate, and a casting hole is set in the center of the gate plate.

[0009] In the above technical solution, an inner mold clamping device is provided in the center hole of the chuck, and the inner mold clamping device is composed of an inner mold ejector rod and an ejection cylinder arranged in the inner hole of the ejector rod. The outer circular surface of the inner mold ejector rod is clearance matched with the inner hole of the ejector rod. The left end of the ejector rod is provided with a radial boss that is clearance matched with the center hole of the chuck, and the diameter of the radial boss is larger than the casting hole in the center of the gate plate.

[0010] In the above technical scheme, the inner mold separation device is composed of a clamping device symmetrically arranged on both sides of the base, and the clamping device is composed of a gripper, a gripper control cylinder, a gripper moving platform, and a moving platform control cylinder; the gripper is composed of a mechanical clamp that is symmetrical up and down, and one end of the mechanical clamp is provided with a buckle that cooperates with the loading and unloading bayonet, and the inner side of the other end can be rotatably installed on the gripper moving platform, and the outer side is connected to the piston rod of the gripper control cylinder through a connecting rod, and the gripper control cylinder is fixedly installed in the gripper moving platform; the gripper moving platform can be movably installed in a dovetail groove perpendicular to the main shaft axis direction in the plane of the workbench through the moving platform control cylinder, the cylinder body of the moving platform control cylinder is fixedly installed in the workbench, and the workbench is installed on a base located on one side of the hydraulic moving platform.

[0011] In the above technical solution, the casting device is composed of a pouring bucket, a pouring bucket vertical moving rod, and a pouring bucket horizontal moving platform.

[0012] The centrifugal casting process of the present invention is:

[0013] An automatic centrifugal casting process, including a mold installation process, a centrifugal casting process and an automatic demoulding process, is characterized by:

[0014] The mold installation process is:

[0015] S1: Install the outer mold on the mounting plate at the end of the spindle, install the wedge-shaped pin in the radial dovetail groove of the inner mold connecting plate to form an inner mold lock, and clamp the whole between the claws of the inner mold loading and unloading device; tighten the claws, the radial annular shoulder of the inner mold connecting plate is clamped in the radial annular groove of the claws, and the wedge-shaped pin cooperates with the trapezoidal circular groove of the claws through its annular boss, and shrinks to the inner side of the radial dovetail groove of the inner mold connecting plate;

[0016] S2 preheats the inner cavities of the first and second half molds by spraying fire;

[0017] S3 sprays paint on the inner cavity surfaces of the preheated first half mold and the second half mold;

[0018] S4 installs the T-slots of the first half mold and the second half mold on the T-slot guide rails of the inner mold connecting plate;

[0019] S5 turns on the hydraulic cylinder, and the ejector rod pushes the chuck to move leftward, so that the inner mold is installed into the cylindrical installation cavity of the outer mold; the radial extension device of the clamping claw is extended, and the clamping claw moves radially, so that the wedge-shaped pin is radially extended and inserted into the pin hole of the outer mold, and at the same time, the radial annular groove of the clamping claw is radially separated from the radial annular shoulder of the inner mold connecting plate;

[0020] The S6 ejector rod drives the chuck to move to the right, separating the inner mold loading and unloading device from the inner mold lock;

[0021] The centrifugal casting process is:

[0022] S1 turns on the centrifuge;

[0023] S2 When the centrifuge reaches the set speed, the pouring bucket of the casting device moves to the casting hole, and pours a set amount of molten iron into the inner mold casting cavity through the casting hole;

[0024] After S3 has finished pouring the molten iron, the centrifuge is turned off after the set high-speed centrifugal rotation time; the centrifugal rotation time is set according to the time required for the casting blank to solidify and form;

[0025] The automatic demoulding process is as follows:

[0026] After the S1 centrifuge stops rotating, the hydraulic cylinder is started, the ejector rod moves to the left, pushing the inner mold loading and unloading device to press and contact the inner mold lock, and the annular boss of the wedge-shaped latch is embedded in the trapezoidal circular groove of the claw;

[0027] S2 contracts the radial extension and retraction device of the clamping claw, the clamping claw contracts radially, and the wedge-shaped pin is pulled out from the pin hole, and at the same time, the radial annular boss of the inner mold connecting plate is embedded in the radial annular groove of the clamping claw;

[0028] S3 starts the mold pushing device, and the push rod pushes the inner mold out of the cylindrical mounting cavity of the outer mold. At the same time, the ejector rod of the hydraulic cylinder drives the inner mold to move right, and the mold pushing device is reset;

[0029] S4 starts the inner mold separation device, pulls the upper T-slot and the lower T-slot of the first half mold and the second half mold out of the upper T-slot and the lower T-slot of the inner mold connecting plate, and the casting blank enters the casting receiving tray on the base;

[0030] S5 cleans the inner cavity of the first half mold and the second half mold, removes impurities of high-temperature paint after casting, and prepares for the next casting.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the claws of the inner mold loading and unloading device are connected to the inner mold through the inner mold lock, the inner mold loading and unloading device automatically realizes the unlocking and locking of the inner mold lock, and automatically locks or unlocks the inner mold and the outer mold. During the casting process, the inner mold loading and unloading device is out of contact with the inner mold, thereby avoiding the influence of external force on the working performance of the centrifuge, and has the advantages of high production efficiency, reliable operation, long service life, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of the present invention in the casting state.

[0034] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of the demoulding state of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the inner mold separation device of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 5 The present invention Figure 1 Right side view of the inner mold lock.

[0037] Figure 6 The present invention Figure 5 Rotated structural cross-section view in the AA direction.

[0038] Figure 7 The present invention Figure 1 A magnified view of the local structure at point A.

[0039] Figure 8 The present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of the local structure at point B in the middle.

[0040] Fig. 9 The present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of the local structure at point C in the middle.

[0041] In the figure: 1 base, 2 servo motor, 3 ejector cylinder, 4 synchronous transmission belt, 5 encoder synchronous pulley, 6 spindle bearing, 7 spindle housing, 8 spindle, 9 mounting plate, 10 inner mold ejector plate, 11 push rod, 12 outer mold mounting plate, 13 outer mold cylinder, 14 first half mold, 15 upper T-shaped guide rail, 16 inner mold grab plate, 17 gate plate, 18 wedge pin, 19 pin hole, 20 casting hole, 21 inner mold casting cavity, 22 claw, 23 chuck, 24 ejector rod, 25 inner mold push rod, 26 hydraulic moving platform, 27 lower T-shaped guide rail, 28 gripper, 29 gripper control cylinder, 30 gripper moving platform, 31 moving platform control cylinder, 32 second half mold, 33 upper T-shaped slot, 34 lower T-shaped slot, 35 loading and unloading bayonet, 36 buckle, 37 connecting rod, 38 pouring bucket, 39 radial annular shoulder, 40 radial annular groove, 41 trapezoidal circular groove, 42 annular boss, 43 workbench, 44 pressure plate, 45 pouring bucket movement control device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] like Figure 1-9The automatic centrifugal casting equipment shown in the figure includes a centrifuge, a mold, an automatic mold loading and unloading device, a casting device and a control device; the centrifuge adopts a horizontal centrifuge, including a base 1, a power device, a spindle 8, and a spindle housing 7. The power device adopts a servo motor 2. The spindle 8 is rotatably installed in the spindle housing 7 through spindle bearings 6 at both ends, and is driven to rotate by the servo motor 2 through a synchronous transmission belt 4. The spindle housing 7 is fixedly installed on the base 1; the mold is composed of an outer mold and an inner mold. The outer mold is fixedly connected to the spindle 8 through a mounting plate 9. The inner mold is composed of two symmetrical first half molds 14 and second half molds 32, which are spliced ​​together to form a cylindrical structure with an inner mold casting cavity 21, and is composed of a wedge-shaped The pin 18 is inserted into the pin hole 19 of the outer mold to press the inner mold into the cylindrical installation cavity of the outer mold. There are at least two wedge-shaped pins 18, which are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner mold. In this embodiment, three wedge-shaped pins 18 are used. The structure of the inner mold casting cavity 21 is set according to the shape of the casting product; loading and unloading bayonet 35 are respectively set at symmetrical positions on the outer cylindrical surfaces of the first half mold 14 and the second half mold 32. The first half mold 14 and the second half mold 32 adopt a front-to-back splicing structure, and can also adopt an upper and lower splicing structure. Mutually matched axial guide ribs and axial guide grooves are set between the inner wall of the cylindrical installation cavity of the outer mold and the outer cylindrical surface of the inner mold to accurately locate the position between the inner mold and the outer mold to ensure that the wedge-shaped pins The pin 18 can be accurately inserted into the pin hole 19, and at the same time, the inner mold and the outer mold are prevented from rotating relative to each other when the centrifuge rotates. The outer mold is composed of an outer mold mounting plate 12 and an outer mold cylinder 13, which is convenient for the processing technology of the outer mold and improves the processing accuracy of the outer mold. The outer mold cylinder 13 has a conical inner cavity, and the inner mold cylindrical surface has an outer conical surface adapted to the conical inner cavity, which improves the assembly performance between the inner mold and the outer mold; the control device adopts a PLC control system, and controls the working process of the centrifuge and the mold automatic loading and unloading device through the system program. The PLC control system is connected to the centrifuge speed signal through the encoder synchronous pulley 5 on the main shaft 8; the mold automatic loading and unloading device includes a mold pushing device, an inner mold The loading and unloading device and the inner mold separation device are composed of a push rod 11 movably installed in the axial through hole of the main shaft 8 and a push cylinder 3 fixedly installed at the end of the main shaft 8. The push cylinder 3 rotates synchronously with the main shaft 8. The push rod 11 is matched with the axial through hole of the main shaft 8. The push cylinder 3 controls its axial movement in the axial through hole of the main shaft 8. The center of the mounting plate 9 is provided with a through hole which is concentric with the axial through hole of the main shaft 8 and has a diameter larger than that of the push rod 11. An inner mold ejection plate 10 is arranged between the outer mold mounting plate 12 and the inner mold. The push rod 11 moves rightward to push the inner mold ejection plate 10 to help push the inner mold out of the inner cavity of the outer mold. The casting device is composed of a pouring bucket 38 and a pouring bucket movement control device 45, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3The pouring bucket movement control device 45 is controlled by the PLC control system command, and the molten iron ladle is connected to the pouring bucket 38 through the automatic electronic weighing device controlled by the PLC control system command to realize the control of the molten iron pouring amount; the first half mold 14 and the second half mold 32 are composed of two symmetrical semi-cylinders spliced ​​together, or two cylinders axially connected in series;

[0043] The inner mold loading and unloading device comprises a clamping claw 22, a chuck 23, a hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic moving platform 26. The clamping claw 22 has the same number as the wedge-shaped pins 18 and is installed in radial clamping grooves uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the chuck 23, so that the clamping claw 22 can move in the radial clamping groove of the chuck 23. A clamping claw radial expansion device is provided between the clamping claw 22 and the chuck 23 to control the radial contraction or expansion of the clamping claw 22 in the radial clamping groove. The clamping claw radial expansion device adopts a hydraulic clamping structure of a CNC machine tool, which belongs to The chuck 23 is fixedly mounted on the left end of the ejector rod 24 of the hydraulic cylinder, the center line of the chuck 23 coincides with the center line of the spindle 8, the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly mounted in the hydraulic movable platform 26, and the hydraulic movable platform 26 is mounted on the base 1; when the hydraulic cylinder pushes the ejector rod 24 to move left and right, the chuck 23 and the claw 22 are driven to move left and right, and the hydraulic movable platform 26 can be fixedly mounted on the base 1, or can be movably mounted on the base 1 along the axis direction of the spindle 8, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown;

[0044] The claw 22 is connected to the inner mold through an inner mold lock. The inner mold lock is composed of an inner mold connecting plate and a wedge-shaped latch 18. A radial dovetail groove is provided in the right plane of the inner mold connecting plate. The wedge-shaped latch 18 is movably embedded in the radial dovetail groove and can move radially in the radial dovetail groove. The radial dovetail groove is formed by arranging a pressure plate 44 on the radial groove of the inner mold connecting plate. The pressure plate 44 positions the wedge-shaped latch 18 in the radial groove of the inner mold connecting plate. Figure 5 As shown; a horizontal mounting rail is provided between the inner mold and the inner mold connecting plate, and the inner mold is connected to the inner mold mounting plate through the horizontal mounting rail. The center of the inner mold connecting plate has a casting hole 20 connected to the inner mold casting cavity 21, a clamping device is provided between the claw 22 and the inner mold connecting plate, and a locking device is provided between the claw and the wedge-shaped pin 18.

[0045] The clamping device is composed of a radial annular shoulder 39 protruding to the right on the right plane of the inner mold connecting plate and a radial annular groove 40 in the inner hole of the left end of the claw 22; the locking device is composed of a trapezoidal circular groove 41 in the left plane of the claw 22 and an annular boss 42 on the right end surface of the inner side of the wedge-shaped latch 18. Figure 2 , Figure 8As shown; the trapezoidal circular groove 41 is a circular groove with a trapezoidal cross-section, so that the annular boss 42 of the wedge-shaped latch 18 can be accurately inserted into the trapezoidal circular groove 41, avoiding the difficulty of connection between the annular boss 42 and the trapezoidal circular groove 41 due to concentricity deviation; when installing the inner mold, the claw 22 radially contracts, clamps the radial annular shoulder 39 of the inner mold connecting plate in the radial annular groove 40 of the claw 22, and at the same time, the annular boss 42 of the wedge-shaped latch 18 is inserted into the trapezoidal circular groove 41 of the claw 22, and the wedge-shaped latch 18 is radially contracted to the inner side of the circular plane of the inner mold connecting plate, and the hydraulic cylinder pushes the ejector rod 24 to move left, and the inner mold and the inner mold lock are integrally pushed into the cylindrical installation cavity of the outer mold, as shown Figure 3 , Fig. 9 As shown; the claw 22 is radially expanded, and the wedge-shaped pin 18 is inserted into the pin hole 19, so that the inner mold is automatically locked in the cylindrical mounting cavity of the outer mold, and the inner mold lock is automatically locked. At the same time, the radial annular groove 40 of the claw 22 is radially separated from the radial annular shoulder 39 of the inner mold connecting plate, so that the inner mold loading and unloading device can be separated from the inner mold with the ejector rod 24 moving rightward, avoiding external forces from affecting the operation of the centrifuge, and improving the working efficiency and service life of the equipment. Figure 2 As shown; when the inner mold is separated from the outer mold, the hydraulic cylinder pushes the ejector rod 24 to move left, the trapezoidal circular groove 41 of the clamping claw 22 is inserted into the annular boss 42 of the wedge-shaped latch 18, the clamping claw 22 contracts radially, and the wedge-shaped latch 18 is pulled out from the pin hole 19 to achieve automatic unlocking. At the same time, the radial annular groove 40 of the clamping claw 22 clamps the radial annular boss 39 of the inner mold connecting plate, and the hydraulic cylinder drives the ejector rod 24 to move right to achieve separation of the inner mold and the outer mold.

[0046] The horizontal installation guide rail is composed of an upper T-slot 33 and a lower T-slot 34 in parallel with each other in the right plane of the inner mold, and an upper T-slot 15 and a lower T-slot 27 in the left plane of the inner mold connecting plate. The upper T-slot 33 and the lower T-slot 34 are composed of the T-slots in the first half mold 14 and the second half mold 32. Figure 4 As shown, the upper T-slot 33 and the upper T-guide rail 15 are clearance-matched, and the lower T-slot 34 and the lower T-guide rail 27 are clearance-matched, so as to ensure that the T-slots of the first half mold 14 and the second half mold 32 are reliably inserted into or pulled out of the upper T-guide rail 15 and the lower T-guide rail 27 from both sides, so as to realize the installation or removal of the inner mold and the inner mold connecting plate, and prevent the high temperature expansion from causing the two to swell to death. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 shown.

[0047] The inner mold connecting plate is composed of an inner mold grab plate 16 and a gate plate 17. The gate plate 17 is fixedly mounted concentrically on the inner side of the left plane of the inner mold grab plate 16. A casting hole 20 is arranged at the center of the gate plate 17. The gate plate 17 is fixedly mounted at the center of the left plane of the inner mold grab plate 16 by screws. Figure 6As shown, for castings of different sizes, the molten iron pouring flow rate is also different. It is only necessary to replace the gate plate 17 of the casting hole 20 of the corresponding size according to the flow rate, and the inner mold grab plate 16 can be universal, thereby reducing equipment costs.

[0048] An inner mold clamping device is provided in the center hole of the chuck 23, and the inner mold clamping device is composed of an inner mold push rod 25 arranged in the inner hole of the ejector rod 24 and a push-pressure cylinder. The outer circumferential surface of the inner mold push rod 25 is clearance-matched with the inner hole of the ejector rod 24, and the left end of the inner mold push rod 25 is provided with a radial boss that is clearance-matched with the center hole of the chuck 23. The diameter of the radial boss is larger than the diameter of the central casting hole 20 of the gate plate 17. When the inner mold is pushed into the outer mold, the push-pressure cylinder pushes out the inner mold push rod 25, and the inner mold push rod 25 pushes the gate plate 17, so that the inner mold and the inner mold lock are axially pressed together in the inner cavity of the outer mold, ensuring that the wedge-shaped pin 18 of the inner mold lock is smoothly inserted into the pin hole 19, and the inner mold is reliably locked in the outer mold.

[0049] The inner mold separation device is composed of clamping devices symmetrically arranged on both sides of the base 1, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the clamping device is composed of a gripper 28, a gripper control cylinder 29, a gripper moving platform 30, and a moving platform control cylinder 31; the gripper 28 is composed of a mechanical clamp that is symmetrical up and down, one end of the mechanical clamp is provided with a buckle 36 that cooperates with the loading and unloading bayonet 35, and the inner side of the other end can be rotatably mounted on the gripper moving platform 30, and the outer side is connected to the piston rod of the gripper control cylinder 29 through a connecting rod 37. The cylinder body of the gripper control cylinder 29 is fixedly installed in the gripper moving platform 30. When the piston rod is pushed out of the cylinder body of the gripper control cylinder 29, the connecting rod 37 pushes the buckle 36 at the front end of the mechanical clamp to open, and when the piston rod is retracted into the cylinder body, the connecting rod 37 pulls the buckle 36 at the front end of the mechanical clamp to close. Figure 4 As shown; the gripper movable table 30 is movably mounted in a dovetail groove in a plane perpendicular to the axis direction of the main shaft 8 on the workbench 43 through the movable table control cylinder 31, and the cylinder body of the movable table control cylinder 31 is fixedly mounted in the workbench 43, and the workbench 43 is mounted on a base 1 located on a side close to the hydraulic movable table 26. The workbench 43 and the base 1 can be fixedly connected or movably connected in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft 8 to be suitable for loading and unloading inner molds of different sizes. When the inner mold loading and unloading device pulls the inner mold out of the outer mold to the set position, the PLC control system instructs the gripper control cylinder 29 and the movable platform control cylinder 31 to push out the piston cylinders, the buckle 36 at the front end of the mechanical clamp opens, and the gripper movable platform 30 moves to insert the buckle 36 into the loading and unloading bayonet 35 of the inner mold; the piston rod of the gripper control cylinder 29 contracts to clamp the buckle 36 in the loading and unloading bayonet 35, and the movable platform control cylinder 31 drives the gripper movable platform 30 to reset, and the mechanical clamp pulls the first half mold 14 and the second half mold 32 out of the inner mold gripper plate 16 and separates them, and the casting blank falls onto the workpiece table to achieve automatic demolding.

[0050] In the above embodiment, the servo motor 2, the hydraulic cylinder of the inner mold loading and unloading device, the mold pushing cylinder 3, the inner mold push rod 25, the gripper control cylinder 29, the moving platform control cylinder 31, and the pouring bucket movement control device are controlled by the PLC control system according to the programming instructions of the industrial control process and time requirements, so as to realize the whole process of automatic mold loading, casting and demolding of centrifugal casting. When the centrifuge rotates, the inner mold loading and unloading device is separated from the centrifuge to avoid external force interfering with the operation of the centrifuge, thereby improving the casting efficiency and the reliability of equipment operation.

[0051] The centrifugal casting process of the present invention is:

[0052] An automatic centrifugal casting process, including a mold installation process, a centrifugal casting process and an automatic demoulding process, is characterized by:

[0053] The mold installation process is:

[0054] S1: The outer mold is mounted on the mounting plate 9 at the end of the spindle 8, the wedge-shaped pin 18 is mounted in the radial dovetail groove of the inner mold connecting plate, and the inner mold lock composed of the inner mold connecting plate and the wedge-shaped pin 18 is clamped between the claws 22 of the inner mold loading and unloading device; the claw radial expansion and contraction device contracts the claw 22, the radial annular boss 39 of the inner mold connecting plate is clamped in the radial annular groove 40 of the claw 22, and the wedge-shaped pin 18 cooperates with the trapezoidal circular groove 41 of the claw 22 through its annular boss 42, and contracts toward the inner side of the radial dovetail groove of the inner mold connecting plate;

[0055] S2 preheats the inner cavities of the first half mold 14 and the second half mold 32 by spraying fire;

[0056] S3 sprays a coating on the inner surface of the first half mold 14 and the second half mold 32 after preheating, wherein the coating is a special coating for casting to prevent the molten iron from adhering to the inner wall of the inner mold casting cavity 21;

[0057] S4: Install the T-slots of the first half mold 14 and the second half mold 32 on the T-slot guide rails of the inner mold connecting plate;

[0058] S5 The hydraulic cylinder is turned on by the PLC control system command, and the ejector rod 24 pushes the chuck 23 to move leftward, and the inner mold is installed in the cylindrical installation cavity of the outer mold; the claw radial extension device extends the claw 22, and the claw 22 radially pushes the wedge-shaped pin 18 to insert into the pin hole 19 of the outer mold, so as to achieve the locking of the inner mold lock, and the inner mold and the outer mold are locked and connected, and at the same time, the radial annular groove 40 of the claw 22 radially disengages from the radial annular shoulder 39 of the inner mold connecting plate;

[0059] S6 The PLC control system commands the hydraulic cylinder's ejector rod 24 to drive the chuck 23 to move rightward, separating the inner mold loading and unloading device from the inner mold lock;

[0060] The centrifugal casting process is:

[0061] S1 starts the centrifuge by command of the PLC control system;

[0062] S2 When the centrifuge reaches the set speed, the PLC control system instructs the pouring bucket 38 of the casting device to move into the casting hole 20, and pours a set amount of molten iron into the inner mold casting cavity through the casting hole 20. The molten iron ladle flows into the pouring bucket 38 through the automatic electronic weighing device controlled by the PLC control system. After the molten iron pouring reaches the set amount, the PLC control system instructs the casting device to reset;

[0063] After S3 completes pouring the molten iron, after the set high-speed centrifugal rotation time, the PLC control system instructs the centrifuge to shut down; the centrifugal rotation time is set according to the time required for the casting blank to solidify and form;

[0064] The automatic demoulding process is as follows:

[0065] After the S1 centrifuge stops rotating, the PLC control system instructs the hydraulic cylinder to start, and the ejector rod 24 moves to the left, pushing the inner mold loading and unloading device to press and contact the inner mold lock, and the annular boss 42 of the wedge-shaped latch 18 is embedded in the trapezoidal circular groove 41 of the claw 22;

[0066] S2 contracts the radial extension and retraction device of the clamping claw 22, and the clamping claw 22 contracts radially to pull the wedge-shaped pin 18 out of the pin hole 19, thereby unlocking the inner mold and the outer mold. At the same time, the radial annular boss 39 of the inner mold connecting plate is embedded in the radial annular groove 40 of the clamping claw 22, and the inner mold connecting plate is clamped by the clamping claw 22;

[0067] S3 is controlled by the PLC control system command to simultaneously control the push-die oil cylinder 3 and the hydraulic oil cylinder of the inner die loading and unloading device. The thrust of the push rod 11 and the pulling force of the ejector rod 24 push the inner die out of the cylindrical mounting cavity of the outer die. At the same time, the ejector rod 24 of the hydraulic oil cylinder drives the inner die to move right, and the push rod 11 of the push-die device is reset.

[0068] S4: The PLC control system instructs the gripper control cylinder 29 and the moving platform control cylinder 31 of the inner mold separation device to pull the upper T-slot 33 and the lower T-slot 34 of the first half mold 14 and the second half mold 32 out of the upper T-slot guide rail 15 and the lower T-slot guide rail 27 of the inner mold connecting plate, and the casting blank enters the casting receiving tray on the base 1, and the casting receiving tray can convey the casting blank to the guidance position through the conveyor belt;

[0069] S5 cleans the inner cavities of the first half mold 14 and the second half mold 32 to remove impurities of the high-temperature coating after casting, so as to prepare for the next casting.

[0070] The above automatic centrifugal casting process is a process step for the first casting. When casting again, the inner mold lock has been clamped and installed on the claw 22, and it only needs to start from the S2 step of the mold installation process.

[0071] The technical effect of this process scheme is that the process is controlled by the PLC control system program instructions according to the industrial control process and time, and the production efficiency is high.

[0072] Directional words such as "left", "right", "up", "down", "front" and "back" in the present invention are only for the directions in the drawings for the convenience of expression and should not be understood as limitations on the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic centrifugal casting device, comprising a centrifuge, a mold, an automatic mold loading and unloading device, a casting device and a control device; the centrifuge is a horizontal centrifuge, comprising a base (1), a power device, a spindle (8), and a spindle housing (7); the mold is composed of an outer mold and an inner mold, the outer mold is fixedly connected to the spindle (8) through a mounting plate (9), the inner mold is composed of two symmetrical first half molds (14) and second half molds (32) spliced ​​together to form a cylindrical structure with an inner mold casting cavity (21), the inner mold is pressed and installed in the cylindrical installation cavity of the outer mold by inserting a wedge-shaped pin (18) into a pin hole (19) of the outer mold, and at least two wedge-shaped pins (18) are provided along the inner mold. The end faces of the cylinder are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, and loading and unloading bayonet holes (35) are respectively arranged at symmetrical positions on the outer cylindrical surfaces of the first half mold (14) and the second half mold (32), and mutually matching axial guide ribs and axial guide grooves are arranged between the inner wall of the cylindrical mounting cavity of the outer mold and the outer cylindrical surface of the inner mold; the control device adopts a PLC control system; the mold automatic loading and unloading device comprises a mold pushing device, an inner mold loading and unloading device, and an inner mold separation device, and the mold pushing device comprises a push rod (11) movably mounted in the axial through hole of the main shaft (8) and a mold pushing cylinder (3) fixedly mounted at the end of the main shaft (8); the casting device comprises a pouring bucket (38) and a pouring bucket movement control device (45); Its characteristics are: The inner mold loading and unloading device comprises a clamping claw (22), a chuck (23), a hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic moving platform (26); the clamping claw (22) has the same number as the wedge-shaped pins (18) and is installed in radial clamping grooves evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the chuck (23); a clamping claw radial expansion and contraction device is provided between the clamping claw (22) and the chuck (23); the chuck (23) is fixedly installed at the left end of the ejection rod (24) of the hydraulic cylinder; the center line of the chuck (23) coincides with the center line of the spindle (8); the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed in the hydraulic moving platform (26); and the hydraulic moving platform (26) is installed on the base (1); The clamping claw (22) is connected to the inner mold through an inner mold lock, and the inner mold lock is composed of an inner mold connecting plate and a wedge-shaped latch (18) movably installed in a radial dovetail groove on the right plane of the inner mold connecting plate; a horizontal mounting guide rail is provided between the inner mold and the inner mold connecting plate, and a casting hole (20) connected to the inner mold casting cavity (21) is provided at the center of the inner mold connecting plate; a clamping device is provided between the clamping claw (22) and the inner mold connecting plate, and a locking device is provided between the clamping claw (22) and the wedge-shaped latch (18).

2. The automatic centrifugal casting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping device is composed of a radial annular shoulder (39) protruding to the right provided on the right plane of the inner mold connecting plate and a radial annular groove (40) in the inner hole at the left end of the clamping claw (22) cooperating with each other; the locking device is composed of a trapezoidal circular groove (41) in the left plane of the clamping claw (22) and an annular boss (42) on the inner right end surface of the wedge-shaped latch (18) cooperating with each other.

3. The automatic centrifugal casting equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The horizontal installation guide rail is composed of an upper T-shaped groove (33) and a lower T-shaped groove (34) in parallel with each other in the right plane of the inner mold, and an upper T-shaped guide rail (15) and a lower T-shaped guide rail (27) in the left plane of the inner mold connecting plate. The upper T-shaped groove (33) and the lower T-shaped groove (34) are formed by splicing T-shaped grooves in the first half mold (14) and the second half mold (32).

4. The automatic centrifugal casting equipment according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The inner mold connecting plate is composed of an inner mold grab plate (16) and a gate plate (17); the gate plate (17) is fixedly mounted concentrically at the center of the left plane of the inner mold grab plate (16); and the casting hole (20) is arranged at the center of the gate plate (17).

5. The automatic centrifugal casting equipment according to claim 4 is characterized in that: An inner mold clamping device is provided in the center hole of the chuck (23), the inner mold clamping device comprising an inner mold push rod (25) arranged in the inner hole of the ejector rod (24) and a push cylinder, the outer circumferential surface of the inner mold push rod (25) is clearance-matched with the inner hole of the ejector rod (24), and the left end of the inner mold push rod (25) is provided with a radial shoulder clearance-matched with the center hole of the chuck (23), the diameter of the radial shoulder being larger than the diameter of the center casting hole (20) of the gate plate (17).

6. The automatic centrifugal casting equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner mold separation device is composed of clamping devices symmetrically arranged on both sides of the base (1), and the clamping device is composed of a gripper (28), a gripper control cylinder (29), a gripper moving platform (30), and a moving platform control cylinder (31); the gripper (28) is composed of a mechanical clamp that is symmetrical in the upper and lower parts, and one end of the mechanical clamp is provided with a buckle (36) that cooperates with the loading and unloading bayonet (35), and the inner side of the other end can be rotatably mounted on the gripper moving platform (30), and the outer side is connected to the gripper moving platform (30) through a connecting rod (37). The piston rod of the gripper control cylinder (29) is connected, and the cylinder body of the gripper control cylinder (29) is fixedly installed in the gripper movable platform (30); the gripper movable platform (30) is movably installed in a dovetail groove in a plane perpendicular to the axis direction of the main shaft (8) on the workbench (43) through the movable platform control cylinder (31), and the cylinder body of the movable platform control cylinder (31) is fixedly installed in the workbench (43), and the workbench (43) is installed on a base (1) located near the hydraulic movable platform (26).

7. An automatic centrifugal casting process, using the automatic centrifugal casting equipment according to claim 6, including a mold installation process, a centrifugal casting process and an automatic demoulding process, characterized in that: The mold installation process is as follows: S1: The outer mold is mounted on the mounting plate (9) at the end of the spindle (8), the wedge-shaped latch (18) is mounted in the radial dovetail groove of the inner mold connecting plate, and the inner mold lock composed of the inner mold connecting plate and the wedge-shaped latch (18) is clamped as a whole between the claws (22) of the inner mold loading and unloading device; the claw radial expansion and contraction device contracts the claw (22), the radial annular boss (39) of the inner mold connecting plate is clamped in the radial annular groove (40) of the claw (22), and the wedge-shaped latch (18) cooperates with the trapezoidal circular groove (41) of the claw (22) through its annular boss (42) and contracts toward the inner side of the radial dovetail groove of the inner mold connecting plate; S2 preheats the inner cavities of the first half mold (14) and the second half mold (32) by spraying fire; S3 spraying a coating on the inner cavity surfaces of the preheated first half mold (14) and the second half mold (32); S4: inserting the T-slots of the first half mold (14) and the second half mold (32) onto the T-slot guide rails of the inner mold connecting plate; S5 The hydraulic cylinder is started by the PLC control system command, and the ejector rod (24) pushes the chuck (23) to move leftward, so that the inner mold is installed in the cylindrical installation cavity of the outer mold; the claw radial extension device extends the claw (22), and the claw (22) radially pushes the wedge-shaped pin (18) to be inserted into the pin hole (19) of the outer mold, and at the same time, the radial annular groove (40) of the claw (22) radially disengages from the radial annular shoulder (39) of the inner mold connecting plate; S6 is controlled by the PLC control system command to drive the ejector rod (24) of the hydraulic cylinder to move the chuck (23) to the right, so as to separate the inner mold loading and unloading device from the inner mold lock; The centrifugal casting process is: S1 starts the centrifuge by command of the PLC control system; S2 When the centrifuge reaches a set speed, the PLC control system commands the pouring bucket (38) of the casting device to move into the casting hole (20), and pours a set amount of molten iron into the inner mold casting cavity through the casting hole (20); After S3 completes pouring molten iron, after the set high-speed centrifugal rotation time, the PLC control system commands the centrifuge to shut down; the centrifugal rotation time is set according to the time required for the casting blank to solidify and form; The automatic demoulding process is as follows: After the S1 centrifuge stops rotating, the PLC control system instructs the hydraulic cylinder to start, and the ejector rod (24) moves to the left, pushing the inner mold loading and unloading device to press and contact the inner mold lock, and the annular boss (42) of the wedge-shaped latch (18) is embedded in the trapezoidal circular groove (41) of the claw (22); S2 contracts the claw radial extension device, the claw (22) radially contracts, the wedge-shaped pin (18) is pulled out from the pin hole (19), and at the same time the radial annular boss (39) of the inner mold connecting plate is embedded in the radial annular groove (40) of the claw (22); S3 is controlled by the PLC control system to simultaneously control the mold ejection cylinder (3) and the hydraulic cylinder of the inner mold loading and unloading device. The thrust of the push rod (11) and the pulling force of the ejector rod (24) push the inner mold out of the cylindrical mounting cavity of the outer mold. At the same time, the ejector rod (24) of the hydraulic cylinder drives the inner mold to move rightward, and the push rod (11) of the mold ejection device is reset. S4: the PLC control system instructs the gripper control cylinder (29) and the moving platform control cylinder (31) of the inner mold separation device to pull the upper T-slot (33) and the lower T-slot (34) of the first half mold (14) and the second half mold (32) out of the upper T-slot guide rail (15) and the lower T-slot guide rail (27) of the inner mold connecting plate, so that the casting blank enters the casting receiving tray on the base (1); S5 cleans the inner cavities of the first half mold (14) and the second half mold (32) to remove impurities in the high-temperature paint after casting, in preparation for the next casting.

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