Laser-MIG composite welding device and method for flexible gun barrel

Abstract

The present invention belongs to, but is not limited to, the field of welding technology, and particularly relates to a laser-MIG hybrid welding device and method for a flexible gun barrel. The device comprises a laser welding head, a welding gun, and a three-dimensional adjustment structure, including a profile, an optical fiber, an interface base, a QP interface, an optical fiber connector transition piece, a main connecting block, an installation connector, a copper mirror base, a reflective copper mirror, an adjustable bolt, a double-layer baffle, a double-layer air knife, welding wire, a welding gun head, an adjustment connector block, an angle adjustment piece, an X-axis adjustment slider, a Y-axis adjustment slider, a steering connector, a Z-axis adjustment slider, a flexible gun barrel, a wire feeder, a water-gas line connector, and a welding gun connector. The present invention centralizes the pipelines inside the laser head and welding gun to avoid interference problems that can easily occur during welding due to complex pipelines. At the same time, high-temperature-resistant and high-power optical elements are designed to achieve the design of high-power laser-MIG hybrid welding equipment. This equipment can achieve efficient and high-quality welding in a confined space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to but is not limited to the field of welding technology, and in particular relates to a laser-MIG composite welding device and method for a soft gun barrel. Background Art

[0002] Laser-MIG hybrid welding is an advanced welding method that combines laser welding and metal shielded gas welding (MIG) techniques. Laser welding, with its high energy density and precision, enables high welding speeds and deep penetration, while minimizing the heat-affected zone (HAZ), thereby reducing material deformation and welding stress. MIG welding, on the other hand, offers the advantages of simple operation, adaptability, and high filling capacity, making it suitable for processing a wide range of materials and thicknesses. Combining these two welding techniques can improve welding efficiency, weld quality, and expand its application range. Compared to TIG welding, it offers advantages such as faster welding speeds, simpler control, deeper weld depths, and narrower welds. Laser-MIG hybrid welding equipment, consisting of a laser, optical system, MIG welding gun, wire feed system, and shielding gas system, has been widely used in the automotive, shipbuilding, and aerospace industries, significantly improving production efficiency and welding quality. However, current laser-MIG hybrid welding equipment is limited by its large size, low integration, complex pipeline layout, and low power rating, which hinders its further industrial application.

[0003] In view of the above analysis, the technical problems that urgently need to be solved in the existing technology are: the current laser-MIG composite welding equipment has problems such as large size, low integration, complex pipeline layout, and low power resistance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a laser-MIG composite welding device for a soft gun barrel.

[0005] The present invention is achieved as follows: a laser-MIG hybrid welding device for a soft gun barrel, which is divided into a laser welding head, a welding gun, and a three-dimensional adjustment structure, including a profile, an optical fiber, an interface base, a QP interface, an optical fiber connector transition piece, a main body connection block, an installation connector, a copper mirror base, a reflective copper mirror, an adjustable bolt, a double-layer baffle, a double-layer air knife, welding wire, a welding gun head, an adjustment connection block, an angle adjustment piece, an X-axis adjustment slider, a Y-axis adjustment slider, a steering connector, a Z-axis adjustment slider, a soft gun barrel, a wire feeding device, a water and gas line connector, and a welding gun connector;

[0006] The laser welding head includes a profile, an optical fiber, an interface base, a QP interface, an optical fiber connector transition piece, a main connecting block, an installation connecting piece, a copper mirror base, a reflective copper mirror, an adjustable bolt, a double-layer baffle mirror, a double-layer air knife, and a water and gas path connector. The optical fiber is connected to the QP interface, the QP interface is connected to the interface base, the interface base is connected to the profile, the QP interface is connected to the optical fiber connector transition piece, the optical fiber transition piece is connected to the main connecting block, the main connecting block is connected to the copper mirror base, the lower end of the main connecting block is fixed to the profile and is connected to the double-layer air knife. The reflective copper mirror is embedded in the copper mirror base, and the reflective copper mirror and the copper mirror base are fixed together by an adjustable bolt. The water and gas path connector is connected to the copper mirror base, and the double-layer baffle mirror is connected to the copper mirror base.

[0007] The welding gun includes a welding wire, a welding gun head, a soft gun barrel, and a wire feeding device. The welding wire is fed from the wire feeding device into the soft gun barrel, enters the welding gun head, and finally extends from the welding gun head. The welding gun head is connected to the soft gun barrel, and the soft gun barrel is connected to the wire feeding device.

[0008] The three-dimensional adjustment structure includes an adjustment connection block, an angle adjustment member, an X-axis adjustment slider, a Y-axis adjustment slider, a steering connection member, and a Z-axis adjustment slider. The adjustment connection block is connected to the welding gun head, the adjustment connection block is connected to the angle adjustment member, the angle adjustment member is connected to the X-axis adjustment slider, the X-axis adjustment slider is connected to the Y-axis adjustment slider, the Y-axis connection block is connected to the steering connection member, the steering connection member is connected to the Z-axis adjustment slider, and the Z-axis adjustment slider is connected to the bronze mirror base.

[0009] Furthermore, the X-axis adjustment slider is used to adjust the filament spacing between the welding wire of the welding gun and the laser beam, and the filament spacing adjustment range is 0 to 20 mm.

[0010] Furthermore, the Y-axis adjustment slider is used to adjust the distance between the welding wire of the welding gun and the front and rear of the laser beam, and the adjustment range is 0 to 25 mm.

[0011] Furthermore, the Z-axis adjustment slider is used to adjust the distance between the welding gun and the zero focal length plane of the laser beam. The upper and lower distances between the welding gun and the zero focal length plane of the laser beam can be adjusted. The upper and lower distance adjustment ranges are 0 to 15 mm respectively. The Z-axis adjustment component is adjusted according to welding requirements to achieve positive defocus welding and negative defocus welding.

[0012] Furthermore, the angle adjustment member is used to adjust the angle between the laser and the welding wire in the XY plane direction, and the adjustable range is 0 to 20 degrees.

[0013] In combination with the above technical solutions and the technical problems solved, the advantages and positive effects of the technical solutions to be protected by the present invention are as follows:

[0014] First, the present invention provides a flexible-barrel laser-MIG hybrid welding device. This technology utilizes an L-shaped laser welding head and a flexible-barrel MIG welding gun, centralizing the pipelines within the laser head and gun to avoid interference issues that can arise during welding due to complex pipelines. High-temperature-resistant, high-power optical components are also designed to enable high-power laser-MIG hybrid welding. This enables ultra-high-power laser-MIG hybrid welding, enabling efficient, high-quality welding in confined spaces.

[0015] At the same time, the adjustment mechanism of the device is located at the front end of the welding head, which shortens the stroke required for adjusting the angle and can achieve a wider range of adjustment, further saving space and reducing weight, and realizing the miniaturization and lightweight requirements of the laser-MIG composite welding device.

[0016] In view of the low integration and large adjustment stroke of the existing laser-MIG hybrid welding device, which is not suitable for welding in a narrow space, the present invention provides a laser-MIG hybrid welding device with a soft barrel, which has the following features:

[0017] Beneficial effects:

[0018] (1) The present invention combines laser and arc to obtain a composite heat source of laser and arc, giving full play to the advantages of laser and arc composite welding; laser-MIG composite welding has the advantages of fast welding speed, low heat input, large equipment gap tolerance, and high welding quality.

[0019] (2) The present invention optimizes the structural design of the welding head, compresses the space to the greatest extent, and designs a reflective copper mirror that integrates reflection, collimation and focusing, saving overall size and space and reducing the overall load. At the same time, compared with the lens, the copper mirror can withstand high temperatures, has a longer service life, and can carry higher power lasers.

[0020] (3) The design of partially internalizing the water and gas lines makes the pipelines more centralized and avoids the interference caused by too many pipelines.

[0021] The welding gun is designed with a soft barrel, and the soft barrel part can be bent arbitrarily from -90° to 90°, which improves the adaptability of the welding gun and can cope with more complex welding environments, and has strong adjustability.

[0022] Second, the expected benefits and commercial value of the technical solution of the present invention after transformation are:

[0023] The development and application of this device will drive technological innovation in related fields, further advance welding technology, and bring more technological breakthroughs and solutions to the industry. Compared to traditional single welding methods, laser-MIG hybrid welding can reduce energy consumption and material waste during the welding process, thereby lowering production costs and improving weld quality. This improved weld quality can reduce rework and scrap caused by welding defects, further saving production costs.

[0024] The technical solution of this invention fills a technological gap in the industry, both domestically and internationally. With the continuous advancement of industrial technology, particularly in the fields of shipbuilding, aerospace, and automotive manufacturing, the demand for high-quality welding in confined spaces is increasing. However, the widespread application of laser-MIG hybrid welding is limited by the low integration, heavy weight, and low power of existing equipment. This invention provides a flexible-barrel laser-MIG hybrid welding device that meets these high-power and high-integration requirements.

[0025] The technical solution of this invention solves a long-cherished but unsuccessful technical challenge: conventional welding equipment often requires complex adjustments and modifications to meet welding requirements for different shapes and materials. However, the L-shaped laser-MIG hybrid welding device of this invention, with its unique structural design and flexible robotic arm, can quickly adapt to different welding workpieces and welding environments, improving welding adaptability and flexibility.

[0026] Third, traditional welding technology often suffers from low welding efficiency, large welding deformation, and insufficient weld pool depth when used with high-strength metal materials and complex structural parts. Especially in industrial applications requiring high precision and high strength, using laser welding or MIG welding technology alone often cannot simultaneously meet welding quality and efficiency requirements. Furthermore, traditional welding equipment lacks flexibility and ease of operation in complex spaces. This is especially true in scenarios requiring multi-angle and multi-directional welding, where existing welding equipment struggles to achieve fast and precise welding operations.

[0027] This invention utilizes laser-MIG hybrid welding technology to successfully address the inefficiency and inconsistent quality of traditional welding techniques in complex welding scenarios. The combination of laser and arc provides a composite heat source, effectively increasing the depth of the molten pool and reducing weld deformation. Furthermore, through the design of three-dimensionally adjustable structural components and a flexible barrel, the welding device can be flexibly adjusted in confined or complex spaces, enabling multi-angle welding operations and meeting the welding requirements of challenging structural components. Furthermore, sophisticated cooling and protection mechanisms significantly improve the stability and durability of the equipment during the welding process.

[0028] Compared with the existing technology, the present invention has achieved significant technological progress in many aspects. First, the combination of laser and MIG welding technology greatly improves welding efficiency and quality, and is suitable for welding high-strength materials. Second, the soft barrel design enables the welding gun to be flexibly bent in complex welding environments, greatly improving the adaptability and ease of operation of the equipment. In addition, the three-dimensional adjustment structure provides precise welding position adjustment, ensuring the optimal coordination between the welding wire and the laser beam, and improving welding accuracy. The design of the cooling system effectively avoids equipment damage caused by high temperature and extends the service life of the equipment.

[0029] The laser-MIG hybrid welding device of this invention has broad application prospects in a variety of fields, including automotive manufacturing, shipbuilding, and aerospace. Its efficient and high-precision welding capabilities enable the device to meet the processing requirements of complex workpieces, making it particularly suitable for welding multi-layer, multi-angle, high-strength structural parts. Furthermore, the device's automation and multi-dimensional adjustment capabilities reduce reliance on manual operation, lower production costs, and improve industrial efficiency. Through practical application, this technology will promote the development of high-precision welding processes and enhance the competitiveness of related industries. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a laser-MIG composite welding device for a flexible barrel provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 This is another structural schematic diagram of the laser-MIG composite welding device for a flexible barrel provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a double-sided synchronous welding process of a laser-MIG hybrid welding device for a soft barrel provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of an actual welded component of the laser-MIG hybrid welding device for a flexible barrel provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] In the figure: 1. Profile; 2. Optical fiber; 3. Interface base; 4. QP interface; 5. Optical fiber connector transition piece; 6. Main body connection block; 7. Mounting connector; 8. Copper mirror base; 9. Reflective copper mirror; 10. Adjustable bolt; 11. Double-layer baffle; 12. Double-layer air knife; 13. Welding wire; 14. Welding gun head; 15. Adjustment connection block; 16. Angle adjustment piece; 17. X-axis adjustment slider; 18. Y-axis adjustment slider; 19. Steering connector; 20. Z-axis adjustment slider; 21. Soft gun barrel; 22. Wire feeding device; 23. Water and gas line connector; 24. Welding gun connector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0036] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a laser-MIG hybrid welding device for a soft barrel, which is mainly composed of a laser welding head, a welding gun, and a three-dimensional adjustment structure;

[0037] The laser welding head includes a profile 1, an optical fiber 2, an interface base 3, a QP interface 4, an optical fiber connector transition piece 5, a main body connection block 6, an installation connector 7, a copper mirror base 8, a reflective copper mirror 9, an adjustable bolt 10, a double-layer baffle 11, a double-layer air knife 12, and a water-gas line connector 23. The optical fiber 2 is connected to the QP interface 4, the QP interface 4 is connected to the interface base 3, the interface base 3 is connected to the profile 1, the QP interface 4 is connected to the optical fiber connector transition piece 5, and the QP interface 4 is conveniently plugged in for high-power laser optical fiber transmission; the optical fiber transition piece 5 is connected to the main body connection block 6 On the top, the main connecting block 6 is connected to the copper mirror base 8, the lower end of the main connecting block 6 is fixed on the profile 1, and is connected to the double-layer air knife 12 at the same time, and the reflective copper mirror 9 is embedded in the copper mirror base 8. The reflective copper mirror can withstand a maximum laser power of 20,000 watts; the reflective copper mirror 9 is fixed together with the copper mirror base 8 by an adjustable bolt 10, which is convenient for adjustment during installation to avoid errors caused by processing accuracy leading to a decrease in beam quality; the water and gas path connector 23 is connected to the copper mirror base 8, and the double-layer baffle 11 is connected to the copper mirror base 8, which effectively ensures the working temperature of the reflective copper mirror 9 and isolates metal splashing.

[0038] The welding gun includes a welding wire 13, a welding gun head 14, a soft gun barrel 21, and a wire feeding device 22. The welding wire 13 is fed from the wire feeding device 22 into the inside of the soft gun barrel 21, enters the welding gun head 14, and finally extends from the welding gun head 14. The welding gun head 14 is connected to the soft gun barrel 21; the soft gun barrel 21 is connected to the wire feeding device 22. The outer shell of the soft gun barrel 21 adopts a corrugated tube, which can meet the deformation requirements during the bending process of the gun barrel. The inside is connected by a pipeline; the soft gun barrel 21 can be bent between -90° and 90° to ensure normal wire feeding. At the same time, it can be bent in multiple passes in three-dimensional space to meet the requirements of use in complex environments.

[0039] The three-dimensional adjustment structure includes an adjustment connection block 15, an angle adjustment member 16, an X-axis adjustment slider 17, a Y-axis adjustment slider 18, a steering connection member 19, and a Z-axis adjustment slider 20. The adjustment connection block 15 is connected to the welding gun head 14, the adjustment connection block 15 is connected to the angle adjustment member 16, the angle adjustment member 16 is connected to the X-axis adjustment slider 17, the X-axis adjustment slider 17 is connected to the Y-axis adjustment slider 18, the Y-axis connection block 18 is connected to the steering connection member 19, the steering connection member 19 is connected to the Z-axis adjustment slider 20, and the Z-axis adjustment slider 20 is connected to the bronze mirror base 8.

[0040] The X-axis adjustment slider 17 is used to adjust the filament spacing between the welding wire of the welding gun and the laser beam, which is also the distance in the welding direction. The filament spacing adjustment range is 0 to 20 mm, which can ensure a good effect between the laser and the arc heat source.

[0041] In the laser-MIG composite welding device of the present invention, the laser welding head is responsible for generating and transmitting high-power laser light for efficient heating and melting of materials. The laser light is transmitted from the laser source to the welding head through the optical fiber 2, the optical fiber 2 is connected to the QP interface 4, and then transmitted to the main connecting block 6 through the optical fiber connector transition piece 5, and finally transmitted to the reflective copper mirror 9. The reflective copper mirror 9 guides the laser beam to the welding point. Through the adjustable bolt 10, the reflective copper mirror 9 can be precisely adjusted during installation to ensure that the quality of the light beam will not be reduced due to processing errors. The double-layer air knife 12 protects the copper mirror by forming an airflow to prevent metal splashes from damaging the copper mirror. At the same time, it provides cooling for the copper mirror through the water-gas path connector 23 to maintain its working temperature, thereby improving welding accuracy and equipment life.

[0042] The welding gun is responsible for the MIG (metal inert gas) welding process. The welding wire 13 is fed into the flexible barrel 21 by the wire feeder 22 and then extends from the welding gun head 14 for welding. The flexible barrel 21 utilizes a bellows design, which allows for flexible bending to meet the requirements of use in confined or complex spaces, allowing the welding equipment to operate freely within an angle range of -90° to 90°. The structural design of the flexible barrel maintains smooth wire feeding during welding, ensuring that the welding wire can be smoothly delivered to the weld point. Furthermore, the design of the welding gun head 14 ensures optimal synergy between the welding wire and the laser beam, thereby improving welding efficiency and quality.

[0043] The three-dimensional adjustment structure allows for precise positioning and adjustment of the welding gun and laser welding head. By adjusting the connecting block 15, angle adjustment member 16, X-axis adjustment slider 17, Y-axis adjustment slider 18, and Z-axis adjustment slider 20, the welding gun head 14 can be precisely adjusted in three dimensions. This multi-axis adjustment structure ensures optimal coordination between the welding gun and laser head during welding, especially for welds with complex geometries. The X-axis adjustment slider 17 controls the distance between the welding wire and the laser beam within an adjustment range of 0 to 20 mm, ensuring optimal interaction between the laser and the arc.

[0044] Laser and MIG welding technologies work together in this device through precise coordination. The laser beam, delivered by the laser welding head, preheats the material surface, molten metal in the weld zone. Simultaneously, the MIG arc further melts the material, forming a deeper weld pool. This combined laser and arc heat source effectively improves welding efficiency and reduces weld distortion, making it suitable for processing high-strength materials and complex welds.

[0045] To ensure efficient operation of the equipment, the cooling and protection mechanisms within the laser welding head are crucial. Cooling water flows through the copper mirror base 8 through the water-air connector 23, cooling the reflective copper mirror 9 and maintaining its operating temperature, thereby preventing degradation of optical performance due to high temperatures. Furthermore, the double-layer air knife 12 provides airflow protection during the welding process, preventing damage to the copper mirror from metal spatter. The double-layer shielding mirror 11 further protects the reflective copper mirror with a physical barrier, ensuring the purity of the laser path and the stability of the weld.

[0046] The design of this device allows for precise automated control via a host computer. This computer can set and adjust various parameters of the laser welding head, welding torch, and three-dimensionally adjustable components based on welding requirements, including laser power, wire spacing, wire feed speed, and cooling and protection parameters. Through repeated debugging and measurement, the system finds the optimal combination of welding parameters, achieving efficient and precise automated welding operations to meet the welding requirements of diverse materials and components, while significantly reducing the errors and costs associated with manual operation.

[0047] The soft barrel laser-MIG composite welding device in the embodiment of the present invention realizes the composite application of two welding technologies by combining a laser welding head and a MIG welding gun. The core component of the laser welding head is the optical fiber transmission system, which transmits high-power laser from the outside to the inside of the welding device through the optical fiber 2. The optical fiber 2 is connected to the interface base 3 through the QP interface 4. The QP interface 4 has a convenient plug-in design to ensure efficient transmission of the laser, and is stably connected to the main connecting block 6 through the optical fiber connector transition piece 5, and further transmitted to the copper mirror base 8. The reflective copper mirror 9 is embedded in the copper mirror base 8, and is precisely positioned using an adjustable bolt 10 to ensure reflection and focusing of the laser beam.

[0048] During operation, laser light is transmitted via optical fiber to the reflective copper mirror 9, where it is reflected and focused on the weld area, providing a high-energy-density heat source for melting the metal. The welding gun, through a wire feeder, continuously delivers welding wire to the weld area. The coordination between the welding gun tip and the laser welding head ensures precise alignment of the welding wire and the laser beam. The relative position between the welding gun and the laser beam can be adjusted using the three-dimensional adjustment sliders on the X, Y, and Z axes of the structural component, ensuring precise control of the wire spacing and laser focus to meet diverse welding requirements.

[0049] The device is also equipped with a double-layered shielding mirror 11 and a double-layered air knife 12 for additional protection. The double-layered shielding mirror physically blocks slag and other impurities generated during welding from damaging the reflective copper mirror, ensuring stable laser beam transmission. The double-layered air knife 12 isolates the welding area from the outside air through airflow, preventing oxidation and contamination in the weld area. It also cools the laser welding head, extending the service life of the equipment.

[0050] The water-air connector 23 provides cooling and airflow control for the entire system. During operation, the laser welding head maintains stable operation through water and air cooling. This cooling system, combined with the double-layer air knife, ensures effective temperature control during welding, thereby improving welding quality and equipment safety.

[0051] The Y-axis adjustment slider 18 is used to adjust the distance between the welding wire of the welding gun and the front and rear of the laser beam. The adjustment range is 0 to 25 mm. After the angle is adjusted, there is displacement compensation in the Y-axis direction when adjusting the defocus amount or the wire spacing, which can meet the requirements of adjusting the relative position of the welding wire after the angle adjustment;

[0052] The Z-axis adjustment slider 20 is used to adjust the distance between the welding gun and the zero-focal-length plane of the laser beam. The upper and lower distances between the welding gun and the zero-focal-length plane of the laser beam can be adjusted. The upper and lower distance adjustment ranges are both 0 to 15 mm. The Z-axis adjustment component 20 is adjusted according to welding requirements to achieve positive defocus welding and negative defocus welding;

[0053] The angle adjustment member 16 is used to adjust the angle between the laser and the welding wire 13 in the XY plane direction, and the adjustable range is 0 to 20 degrees. The adjustment angle is the angle between the laser beam in the YZ plane, which is used to meet the welding process requirements of an angle between the laser head and the welding gun when welding T-joints or I-beam structures.

[0054] The center of the adjustment mechanism of the soft barrel 21 and the center of the laser are in the same plane. The forward movement of the three-dimensional adjustment slider can ensure that under the condition of adjusting the same angle, the displacement compensation in the XYZ axis direction is less, and a wider range of adjustment can be achieved. At the same time, the unique properties of the soft barrel can meet the basic adjustment functions in three-dimensional space and meet the requirements of relevant composite welding processes. Since the rear-end wire feeding device 22 is fixed on the profile 1, adjusting the relative position of the front will only affect the deformation shape of the soft barrel 21, and will not affect the layout of the rear-end pipeline. To a certain extent, it avoids the interference caused by adjusting the relative position between the welding gun and the laser head due to the requirements of the welding process, and has stronger adaptability.

[0055] The laser-MIG composite welding device of the soft barrel of the present invention realizes the laser-MIG composite welding of thick plate components by coupling the laser beam and the arc. The laser beam and the MIG arc act on the welding area at the same time. The laser provides a high-energy-density heat source to achieve rapid heating and deep penetration of the weld; while the MIG arc provides additional heat to promote the formation and flow of the molten pool, while protecting the molten pool from oxidation. The metal vapor generated by the laser action enters the arc area, and the metal vapor is easily ionized, which effectively reduces the resistance of the arc conductive channel, enhances the arc stability, and increases the energy utilization rate of the arc. At the same time, the arc heats the metal surface to increase the temperature of the workpiece to be welded, thereby improving the energy utilization rate of the laser. The interaction between the two can achieve high-quality and efficient welding.

[0056] The filament spacing adjusts the relative position between the laser beam and the arc to ensure optimal heat generation when welding different materials. The adjustable range is 0 to 20 mm. The vertical distance between the welding gun wire 13 and the zero-focal-length plane of the laser beam when the dry extension length is 21 mm can be adjusted up and down within a range of -15 to +15 mm. The distance between the welding gun and the laser head can be adjusted from 0 to 25 mm in the front-to-back direction. The angle adjustment member 16 is used to adjust the angle between the welding direction axis and the normal to the workpiece plane within a range of 0 to 20 degrees.

[0057] In summary, although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, the above preferred embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention. A person skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be based on the scope defined in the claims.

[0058] The following are two specific embodiments based on the above device:

[0059] Example 1:

[0060] This embodiment relates to a laser-MIG composite welding application for titanium alloy materials. The device utilizes the cooperation of a laser welding head and a MIG welding gun, and controls the relative position of the welding wire and the laser beam by adjusting a three-dimensional adjustment structure. In actual application, the welding wire of the welding gun and the laser beam are maintained at a light wire spacing of 10 mm by the X-axis adjustment slider, and the front-to-back distance between the welding wire and the laser beam is adjusted to 15 mm by the Y-axis adjustment slider. During the welding process, the laser provides a high-energy-density heat source to quickly melt the surface of the titanium alloy, while the MIG welding gun continuously supplies wire to form a uniform weld. The double-layer air knife is used to protect the molten pool and prevent oxidation, and the welding head is cooled by a water-gas system to ensure stable operation of the equipment. This embodiment is particularly suitable for efficient and precise welding of titanium alloys, with a welding speed increased by 30%, and the strength and surface quality of the welded joint are significantly improved.

[0061] Example 2:

[0062] This embodiment is applied to the welding of thin steel plates for car bodies in the shipbuilding industry. The laser-MIG composite welding device provides a high-energy-density laser beam through the laser welding head to heat the local area of ​​the thick-walled structure, and cooperates with the welding wire sent out by the MIG welding gun to form a good welding effect in the high-temperature area. The focal length of the welding gun and the laser beam is precisely adjusted to 5mm through the Z-axis adjustment slider, realizing a negative defocus welding mode, which effectively prevents the thin steel plate from deforming during the welding process. The angle adjustment part is used to control the welding angle of the welding gun and the laser beam to ensure high-quality welding on the complex curved surface of the car body. The double-layer shielding mirror and the air knife effectively isolate the slag and high-temperature gas generated during the welding process, ensuring the stability of the welding process and the long-term service life of the welding head.

[0063] The present invention provides a laser-MIG composite welding device with a soft barrel, which is specifically used in the welding of thick-walled titanium alloy components of ship hulls, forming a set of laser-MIG composite welding heads. The device has a maximum laser power of up to 20kW and a maximum welding gun current of 500A, which can achieve double-sided simultaneous welding of 5-20mm T-jointed titanium alloys. The surface of the titanium alloy components welded in the embodiment is almost free of spatter, has good forming, and has no obvious defects inside the weld, meeting actual production needs. At the same time, the maximum wire feeding speed can reach 25m / min, which improves production efficiency and achieves high-quality and efficient laser-MIG composite welding.

[0064] like Figure 4The figure shows the application of a soft-barrel laser-MIG hybrid welding device provided by the present invention in actual thick plate TC4 titanium alloy welding. In the T-joint welding of 18mm thick TC4 titanium alloy, a K-type interface with a 60° groove and an 8mm blunt edge is adopted. The process parameters are a power of 4kW, a welding speed of 1.2m / min, a wire feed speed of 0.72m / min, a composite mode of LA, and a wire spacing of 4mm. The thick plate titanium alloy can be obtained with good surface forming, almost no spatter, and no obvious internal defects.

[0065] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more; terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "head," and "tail" indicate positions or relationships based on those shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are intended solely to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, terms such as "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0066] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made by any technician familiar with this technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention and within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser-MIG hybrid welding device for a flexible gun barrel, characterized in that: It is divided into laser welding head, welding gun, three-dimensional adjustment structural parts, including profiles, optical fiber, interface base, QP interface, optical fiber connector transition piece, main body connection block, installation connection, copper mirror base, reflective copper mirror, adjustable bolt, double-layer baffle, double-layer air knife, welding wire, welding gun head, adjustment connection block, angle adjustment part, X-axis adjustment slider, Y-axis adjustment slider, steering connector, Z-axis adjustment slider, soft gun barrel, wire feeding device, water and gas line connector, welding gun connector; The laser welding head includes a profile, an optical fiber, an interface base, a QP interface, an optical fiber connector transition piece, a main connecting block, an installation connecting piece, a copper mirror base, a reflective copper mirror, an adjustable bolt, a double-layer baffle mirror, a double-layer air knife, and a water and gas path connector. The optical fiber is connected to the QP interface, the QP interface is connected to the interface base, the interface base is connected to the profile, the QP interface is connected to the optical fiber connector transition piece, the optical fiber transition piece is connected to the main connecting block, the main connecting block is connected to the copper mirror base, the lower end of the main connecting block is fixed to the profile and is connected to the double-layer air knife. The reflective copper mirror is embedded in the copper mirror base, and the reflective copper mirror and the copper mirror base are fixed together by an adjustable bolt. The water and gas path connector is connected to the copper mirror base, and the double-layer baffle mirror is connected to the copper mirror base. The welding gun includes a welding wire, a welding gun head, a soft gun barrel, and a wire feeding device. The welding wire is fed from the wire feeding device into the soft gun barrel, enters the welding gun head, and finally extends from the welding gun head. The welding gun head is connected to the soft gun barrel, and the soft gun barrel is connected to the wire feeding device. The three-dimensional adjustment structure includes an adjustment connection block, an angle adjustment member, an X-axis adjustment slider, a Y-axis adjustment slider, a steering connection member, and a Z-axis adjustment slider. The adjustment connection block is connected to the welding gun head, the adjustment connection block is connected to the angle adjustment member, the angle adjustment member is connected to the X-axis adjustment slider, the X-axis adjustment slider is connected to the Y-axis adjustment slider, the Y-axis connection block is connected to the steering connection member, the steering connection member is connected to the Z-axis adjustment slider, and the Z-axis adjustment slider is connected to the bronze mirror base.

2. The laser-MIG hybrid welding device for a flexible gun barrel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The X-axis adjustment slider is used to adjust the light wire spacing between the welding wire of the welding gun and the laser beam, and the light wire spacing adjustment range is 0 to 20 mm.

3. The laser-MIG hybrid welding device for a flexible gun barrel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Y-axis adjustment slider is used to adjust the distance between the welding wire of the welding gun and the front and rear of the laser beam, and the adjustment range is 0 to 25 mm.

4. The laser-MIG hybrid welding device for a flexible gun barrel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Z-axis adjustment slider is used to adjust the distance between the welding gun and the zero focal length plane of the laser beam. The upper and lower distances between the welding gun and the zero focal length plane of the laser beam can be adjusted. The upper and lower distance adjustment ranges are 0 to 15 mm respectively. The Z-axis adjustment component is adjusted according to welding requirements to achieve positive defocus welding and negative defocus welding.

5. The laser-MIG hybrid welding device for a flexible gun barrel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle adjustment member is used to adjust the angle between the laser and the welding wire in the XY plane direction, and the adjustable range is 0~20°.

6. A welding method using the laser-MIG hybrid welding device of any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: a) Adjust the X-axis adjustment slider to adjust the wire spacing between the welding wire of the welding gun and the laser beam to 0-20 mm; b) Use the Y-axis adjustment slider to adjust the distance between the welding wire and the front and back of the laser beam to ensure that the distance is within the range of 0 to 25 mm; c) Start the laser welding head and wire feeding device, use the laser to provide heat source and feed the welding wire at the same time for hybrid welding.

7. The welding method according to claim 6, wherein: Use the Z-axis adjustment slider to adjust the upper and lower distances between the welding gun and the zero focal length plane of the laser beam to ensure that the upper and lower distances are within the range of 0 to 15 mm. Select positive or negative defocus welding mode according to welding requirements to optimize welding accuracy.

8. The welding method according to claim 6, wherein: During the welding process, the angle between the laser and the welding wire in the XY plane is adjusted by the angle adjustment part. The angle range is 0~20° to adapt to different welding paths and workpiece shapes.

9. A welding method based on the laser-MIG hybrid welding device of the flexible barrel according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: a) Use a double-layer air knife to provide a protective airflow to prevent contamination of the welding area and oxidation of the molten pool; b) Provide cooling through the water and gas joints to ensure the welding head maintains stable operation during long-term high-temperature operation; c) Dynamically adjust wire feed rate and laser energy according to different welding materials and thickness to ensure welding quality.

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