A new pollutant groundwater treatment device and method based on bio-electrolysis technology

Abstract

The present invention provides a new pollutant groundwater treatment device and method based on bio-electrolysis technology. The new pollutant groundwater treatment device includes a biochemical pool and an electrolytic cell, and the biochemical pool is connected to the electrolytic cell; a water inlet pipe and an air supply pipe are provided at the bottom of the biochemical pool; electrode plates are respectively provided on the inner sides of the opposite two pool walls of the electrolytic cell, an iron powder layer is provided inside the electrode plates, and an adsorption layer is provided between the two iron powder layers. The new pollutant groundwater treatment device and method based on bio-electrolysis technology provided by the present invention can effectively remove new pollutants in groundwater and sewage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of water pollution control. Specifically, it relates to a new pollutant groundwater treatment device and method based on bio-electrolysis technology. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous improvement of environmental protection awareness and the continuous progress of technology, the governance and control of new pollutants are being comprehensively promoted. Many new pollutants that were previously ignored, have low concentrations, and are difficult to biodegrade by organisms have gradually entered the field of vision of environmental managers and the scope of control targets. These new pollutants include, but are not limited to, antibiotic residues in polluted water and compounds such as PFAS (Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances). Although the concentrations of these substances are not high, they cause potential long-term harm to the environment and ecological systems. Therefore, effective treatment methods are urgently needed.

[0003] Traditional sewage treatment methods, such as the widely used activated sludge method, often seem inadequate when dealing with these new pollutants. These methods are difficult to effectively degrade these substances to meet the discharge standards, resulting in the continuous discharge of these pollutants into the environment, continuous enrichment in the environment, continuous toxic effects on the ecological system, and even possible interference with the endocrine system of organisms, causing more extensive and profound impacts. Electrolysis technology is considered a potential method to effectively degrade refractory pollutants such as PFAS. This technology decomposes pollutants through electrochemical reactions and theoretically can convert them into harmless substances. However, in practical applications, since the concentrations of such new pollutants in polluted water are usually very low, electrolysis often occurs on water and other compounds in the polluted water during the electrolysis process, with extremely high energy consumption, very low degradation efficiency for such pollutants, poor treatment effects, and difficulty in meeting the large-scale polluted water treatment requirements. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a treatment device that can quickly and efficiently treat new pollutants in new pollutant groundwater. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: to provide a new pollutant groundwater treatment device and method based on bio-electrolysis technology, which can effectively remove new pollutants in polluted water.

[0005] To solve the above technical problem, the embodiments of the present invention adopt the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present invention provide a new pollutant groundwater treatment device based on bio-electrolysis technology, including a biochemical pool and an electrolytic cell, and the biochemical pool is connected to the electrolytic cell; a water inlet pipe and an air supply pipe are provided at the bottom of the biochemical pool; electrode plates are respectively provided on the inner sides of the opposite two cell walls of the electrolytic cell, an iron powder layer is provided inside the electrode plates, and an adsorption layer is provided between the two iron powder layers.

[0007] As a further improvement of the embodiment of the present invention, the adsorption layer is made of a conductive polymer, graphene and its derivatives, carbon nanotubes, an activated carbon composite material, or a metal-organic framework and a carbon-based composite material.

[0008] As a further improvement of the embodiment of the present invention, it further includes a clear water tank. The water inlet of the electrolytic cell is communicated with the biochemical tank, and the water outlet is communicated with the clear water tank. A rotating assembly is provided in the clear water tank. The rotating assembly is connected to the storage battery through a generator and a converter, and the storage battery supplies power to the electrode plate.

[0009] As a further improvement of the embodiment of the present invention, the water inlet is located at the lower part of one side wall of the electrolytic cell, and the water outlet is located at the upper part of the other side wall of the electrolytic cell.

[0010] As a further improvement of the embodiment of the present invention, the bottom surface of the water outlet is inclined downward.

[0011] As a further improvement of the embodiment of the present invention, the top end of the biochemical tank is covered with a solar energy assembly, and the solar energy assembly is connected to the storage battery through a converter.

[0012] As a further improvement of the embodiment of the present invention, the flow rate of the water outlet is less than that of the water inlet.

[0013] In a second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for treating new pollutant groundwater based on bio-electrolysis technology, which uses the new pollutant groundwater treatment device based on bio-electrolysis technology provided in the first aspect. The method includes:

[0014] Step 10: Input polluted water into the biochemical tank, perform aeration, and biologically degrade the organic pollutants in the polluted water through biodegradation. The treated polluted water enters the electrolytic cell.

[0015] Step 20: The polluted water flows from the water inlet to the water outlet in the electrolytic cell. The iron powder layer and the adsorption layer adsorb the pollutants in the polluted water, and finally the water flows out from the water outlet.

[0016] Step 30: Detect the concentration of pollutants in the water at the water outlet. If the concentration exceeds the preset threshold, stop inputting polluted water into the biochemical tank. Electrify the electrode plate to electrolyze the pollutants adsorbed in the iron powder layer and the adsorption layer. After a preset time period, cut off the power supply of the electrode plate and input polluted water into the biochemical tank.

[0017] As a further improvement of the embodiment of the present invention, in step 30, during electrolysis, on the one hand, the iron powder layer and the adsorption layer supply electrons to the pollutants, and on the other hand, a large number of free radicals are generated to react with the pollutants adsorbed on the surface; when the macromolecular pollutants are degraded into small molecules with different positively and negatively charged ionic groups, they migrate to the two electrode plates respectively. During the migration process, the degraded small molecule pollutants are further adsorbed and catalytically degraded by the iron powder layer.

[0018] As a further improvement of the embodiment of the present invention, it further includes:

[0019] Step 40, the water flowing out from the water outlet of the electrolytic cell falls into the clear water tank. During the process of flowing from top to bottom, it drives the rotation assembly to rotate, drives the generator to generate electricity, and stores the electricity in the storage battery through a converter; the solar energy assembly above the biochemical tank absorbs sunlight and converts it into electricity, and stores the electricity in the storage battery through a converter.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] (1) The new pollutant groundwater treatment device and method based on the biological-electrolysis technology provided by the present invention first use the biochemical tank to biologically degrade most of the organic pollutants in the polluted water, and then use the electrolytic cell to adsorb new pollutants such as antibiotics and PFAS in the polluted water, effectively removing the new pollutants in the polluted water and concentrating the new pollutants in the adsorption layer. By applying electricity to the positive and negative electrodes to electrolyze the new pollutants in the adsorption layer, it will not electrolyze too much water and other pollutants, improving the electrolysis efficiency; the present invention first uses biological degradation to greatly reduce the concentration of pollutants in the polluted water and then inputs it into the electrolytic cell, which can reduce the treatment burden of the adsorption layer, prevent the adsorption layer from being saturated in a short time, and improve the treatment efficiency; an iron powder layer is arranged between the electrode plate and the adsorption layer, and the iron powder layer can adsorb new pollutants, improving the pollutant treatment effect. Moreover, during electrolysis, the iron powder layer not only supplies electrons to the pollutants, but also generates a large number of free radicals to react with the pollutants adsorbed on the surface. When the macromolecular pollutants are degraded into small molecules with different positively and negatively charged ionic groups, they migrate to the two electrode plates respectively. During the migration process, the degraded small molecule pollutants are further adsorbed and catalytically degraded by the iron powder layer, improving the degradation efficiency; the concentration of pollutants in the effluent is monitored in real time. When the concentration of pollutants in the effluent reaches the preset threshold, that is, when the adsorption layer is about to be saturated, the electrode plate is energized to electrolyze the new pollutants in the adsorption layer. After a preset period of time, the power supply is stopped, ensuring the treatment efficiency while reducing energy consumption.

[0022] (2) The adsorption layer in the present invention is made of a conductive material. The adsorption layer with conductive function can not only adsorb pollutants, but also, after the electrode is electrified, on the one hand, the conductive material surface supplies electrons to the pollutants, and on the other hand, a large number of free radicals are generated on the conductive material surface to react with the pollutants adsorbed on the conductive material surface, greatly improving the ability of redox degradation, thereby reducing the electrolysis energy consumption and improving the electrolysis efficiency.

[0023] (3) In the present invention, when the water flowing out from the water outlet of the electrolytic cell falls into the clear water tank, it drives the rotation assembly to rotate, drives the generator to generate electricity, and stores the electricity in the storage battery through the converter; at the same time, the solar energy assembly above the biochemical tank absorbs sunlight and converts it into electrical energy, and stores the electricity in the storage battery through the converter for power supply during electrolysis, making full use of new energy and saving costs. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a new pollutant groundwater treatment device based on biological-electrolysis technology according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a top view of the electrolytic cell in

[0026] Figure 3 is Figure 1 a front view of the electrolytic cell in

[0027] In the figure: biochemical tank 1, electrolytic cell 2, water inlet 201, electrode plate 202, iron powder layer 203, adsorption layer 204, water outlet 205, clear water tank 3, rotation assembly 4, generator 5, converter 6, storage battery 7, solar energy assembly 8, aeration pipe 9, electrode 10, air outlet 11. Detailed Embodiments

[0028] The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0029] An embodiment of the present invention provides a new pollutant groundwater biological-intermittent electrolysis treatment device, as Figure 1 shown, including a biochemical tank 1 and an electrolytic cell 2, and the biochemical tank 1 is communicated with the electrolytic cell 2. A water inlet pipe and an aeration pipe 9 are provided at the bottom of the biochemical tank 1. There are microorganisms in the biochemical tank 1, and the organic pollutants in the polluted water can be biodegraded through aeration. As Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, electrode plates 202 are respectively provided on the inner sides of two opposite cell walls of the electrolytic cell 2, an iron powder layer 203 is provided inside the electrode plates 202, and an adsorption layer 204 for adsorbing pollutants is provided between the two iron powder layers 203.

[0030] In the above embodiments, the polluted water enters the biochemical pool 1 from the bottom of the biochemical pool, and is aerated through the aeration pipe to biodegrade the organic pollutants in the polluted water, greatly reducing the concentration of pollutants in the polluted water, so that the polluted water only contains a very small amount of organic pollutants and new pollutants such as antibiotics and PFAS that cannot be treated by biodegradation. The polluted water then enters the electrolytic cell 2. During the process of flowing from the water inlet to the water outlet in the electrolytic cell, the pollutants in the polluted water are adsorbed by the iron powder layer 203 and the adsorption layer 204, and finally the treated water flows out from the water outlet. The concentration of pollutants in the water is detected at the water outlet. If the concentration exceeds the preset threshold, the input of polluted water into the biochemical pool is stopped. Power is supplied to the electrode plates to electrolyze the pollutants adsorbed in the iron powder layer and the adsorption layer. After a preset period of time, the power supply is stopped. Polluted water is input into the biochemical pool to continue the treatment of polluted water.

[0031] In the embodiment of the present invention, the polluted water is first subjected to biodegradation treatment by using a biochemical pool, which can degrade most of the organic pollutants in the polluted water; then the electrolytic cell is used to adsorb new pollutants such as antibiotics and PFAS in the polluted water, which can effectively remove the new pollutants in the polluted water and concentrate the concentration of the new pollutants in the adsorption layer; finally, the new pollutants in the iron powder layer and the adsorption layer are electrolyzed by energization, without excessive electrolysis of water, improving the electrolysis efficiency. The present invention first uses biodegradation to greatly reduce the concentration of pollutants in the polluted water and then inputs it into the electrolytic cell, which can reduce the treatment burden of the electrolytic cell, prevent the adsorption layer from being saturated in a short time, and improve the treatment efficiency. A iron powder layer is arranged between the electrode plate and the adsorption layer in the electrolytic cell. The iron powder layer can adsorb new pollutants and improve the treatment effect of pollutants. Moreover, during electrolysis, the iron powder layer not only supplies electrons to the pollutants, but also generates a large number of free radicals to react with the pollutants adsorbed on the surface. When the macromolecular pollutants are degraded into small molecules with different positively and negatively charged ionic groups, they migrate to the two electrode plates respectively. During the migration process, the degraded small molecule pollutants are further adsorbed and catalytically degraded by the iron powder layer, improving the degradation efficiency. The concentration of pollutants in the effluent is monitored in real time. When the concentration of pollutants in the effluent reaches the preset threshold, that is, when the adsorption layer is about to be saturated, the electrode plates are energized to electrolyze the adsorbed new pollutants. After a preset period of time, the power supply is stopped, ensuring the treatment efficiency while reducing energy consumption.

[0032] As a preferred example, the adsorption layer 204 is made of a conductive polymer, graphene and its derivatives, carbon nanotubes, an activated carbon composite material or a metal-organic framework and a carbon-based composite material.

[0033] The adsorption layer 204 made of one or more of the above materials can adsorb organic pollutants and has electrical conductivity. Among them, graphene has a very large specific surface area and highly adjustable surface chemical properties, can effectively adsorb a variety of organic pollutants, and has high electrical conductivity. The tubular structure of carbon nanotubes enables them to effectively adsorb organic molecules, especially polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, etc., and has strong electrical conductivity. Conductive polymers (such as polypyrrole, polyaniline, etc.) can adsorb organic pollutants by adjusting their surface chemical properties and porous structures. These polymers have certain electrical conductivity and can further improve their electrical conductivity through doping and other methods. Activated carbon has a very large specific surface area and a rich pore structure, and can adsorb a variety of organic pollutants. By compounding activated carbon with conductive materials (such as graphene, carbon nanotubes or conductive polymers), an activated carbon composite material can be obtained, which can improve electrical conductivity. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have a tunable pore structure and a large specific surface area, and can effectively adsorb organic pollutants. By combining MOFs with conductive materials (such as graphene, carbon nanotubes), a metal-organic framework (MOFs) and carbon-based composite material can be formed to enhance electrical conductivity.

[0034] In the above embodiments, the adsorption layer is made of a conductive material. The adsorption layer with conductive function can not only adsorb pollutants, but also, after the electrode is energized, on the one hand, the conductive material surface supplies electrons to the pollutants, and on the other hand, a large number of free radicals are generated on the conductive material surface to react with the pollutants adsorbed on the conductive material surface, greatly improving the ability of redox degradation, thereby reducing the electrolysis energy consumption and improving the electrolysis efficiency.

[0035] As a preferred example, the new pollutant groundwater treatment device of this embodiment further includes a clear water tank 3. The water inlet 201 of the electrolytic cell 2 is connected to the biochemical tank 1, and the water outlet 205 is connected to the clear water tank 3. A rotating assembly 4 is provided in the clear water tank 3, and the rotating assembly 4 is located at the lower part of the clear water tank. The rotating assembly 4 is connected to the storage battery 7 through a generator 5 and a converter 6, and the storage battery 7 supplies power to the electrode plate 202. The bottom of the clear water tank 3 is lower than the bottom of the electrolytic cell, increasing the height of the water outlet 205 from the bottom of the clear water tank, increasing the impact force of the water falling, so that the rotating assembly obtains greater kinetic energy, thereby increasing the power generation. Preferably, the flow rate of the water outlet 205 is less than the flow rate of the water inlet 201. Increasing the water pressure at the water outlet and improving the falling impact force further increase the power generation efficiency.

[0036] In this embodiment, the water flowing out of the water outlet of the electrolytic cell falls into the clear water tank. During the process of flowing from top to bottom, it drives the rotating assembly 4 to rotate, drives the generator 5 to generate electricity, and stores the electricity in the storage battery 7 through the converter 6. It supplies power for electrolysis, makes full use of new energy, and saves costs.

[0037] Preferably, the top of the biochemical pool 1 is covered with a solar energy component 8, and the solar energy component 8 is connected to a storage battery 7 through a converter 6. An air outlet 11 is provided at the top of the pool wall of the biochemical pool 1 and on the solar energy component 8 for exhaust. In this embodiment, the solar energy component 8 can not only cover the biochemical pool 1 to prevent the external environment from affecting the biochemical degradation effect, but also absorb sunlight and convert it into electric energy, and store the electricity in the storage battery 7 through the converter 6. It supplies power for electrolysis, makes full use of new energy, and saves costs.

[0038] As a preferred example, the water inlet 201 is located at the lower part of one side wall of the electrolytic cell, and the water outlet 205 is located at the upper part of the other side wall of the electrolytic cell. After the new pollutant groundwater enters the electrolytic cell from the lower part of one side, it flows upward to the other side, which can extend the flow path, so that the pollutants in the polluted water are fully absorbed by the iron powder layer and the adsorption layer, improving the treatment effect. Moreover, the water outlet 205 is located at the upper part of the electrolytic cell, further increasing the height of the water outlet 205 from the bottom of the clean water pool, increasing the impact force of the water falling, so that the rotating component obtains greater kinetic energy, thereby increasing the power generation.

[0039] Preferably, the bottom surface of the water outlet 205 is inclined downward. This makes the water flow out obliquely downward along the bottom surface of the water outlet, avoiding the loss of energy due to the water falling in a parabolic shape, thereby increasing the impact force and increasing the power generation.

[0040] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for treating new pollutant groundwater based on the bio-electrolysis technology, using Figure 1 the shown new pollutant groundwater treatment device based on the bio-electrolysis technology. The method includes:

[0041] Step 10, input polluted water into the biochemical pool 1, aerate it, and biologically degrade the organic pollutants in the polluted water through biological degradation. The treated polluted water enters the electrolytic cell 2.

[0042] Step 20, the polluted water flows from the water inlet to the water outlet in the electrolytic cell, and the iron powder layer 203 and the adsorption layer 204 adsorb the pollutants in the polluted water, and finally the water flows out from the water outlet.

[0043] Step 30, detect the concentration of pollutants in the water at the water outlet. If the concentration exceeds the preset threshold, stop inputting polluted water into the biochemical pool. The electrode plate is powered on to electrolyze the pollutants adsorbed in the iron powder layer 203 and the adsorption layer 204. After a preset period of time, the electrode plate is powered off, and polluted water is input into the biochemical pool.

[0044] In the method of the above embodiment, biodegradation is first utilized to greatly reduce the concentration of pollutants in the polluted water and then the water is input into the electrolytic cell, which can reduce the treatment burden on the adsorption layer, prevent the adsorption layer from being saturated in a short time, and improve the treatment efficiency. In the electrolytic cell, the iron powder layer can adsorb new pollutants and improve the treatment effect of pollutants. Moreover, during electrolysis, the iron powder layer not only supplies electrons to the pollutants, but also generates a large number of free radicals, which react with the pollutants adsorbed on the surface. When macromolecular pollutants are degraded into small molecules with different positively and negatively charged ionic groups, they migrate to the two electrode plates respectively. During the migration process, the degraded small molecule pollutants are further adsorbed and catalytically degraded by the iron powder layer, improving the degradation efficiency. The concentration of pollutants in the effluent is monitored in real time. When the concentration of pollutants in the effluent reaches the preset threshold, that is, when the adsorption layer is about to be saturated, the electrode plates are electrified to electrolyze the new pollutants in the adsorption layer. After a preset time period, the power supply is stopped, which can ensure the treatment efficiency while reducing energy consumption.

[0045] As a preferred example, in step 30, during electrolysis, on the one hand, the iron powder layer 203 and the adsorption layer 204 supply electrons to the pollutants, and on the other hand, they generate a large number of free radicals, which react with the pollutants adsorbed on the surface. When macromolecular pollutants are degraded into small molecules with different positively and negatively charged ionic groups, they migrate to the two electrode plates respectively. During the migration process, the degraded small molecule pollutants are further adsorbed and catalytically degraded by the iron powder layer.

[0046] As a preferred example, the method of this embodiment further includes:

[0047] Step 40, the water flowing out from the water outlet of the electrolytic cell falls into the clear water tank. During the process of flowing from top to bottom, it drives the rotating assembly 4 to rotate, drives the generator 5 to generate electricity, and stores the electricity in the storage battery 7 through the converter 6. The solar energy assembly 8 above the biochemical tank 1 absorbs sunlight and converts it into electrical energy, and stores the electricity in the storage battery 7 through the converter 6.

[0048] This embodiment utilizes the impact force generated when the water flowing out from the water outlet of the electrolytic cell falls to generate electricity for energy storage, and converts solar energy into electrical energy for storage, which is used to supply power to the electrode plates during electrolysis, making full use of new energy and saving costs.

[0049] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above specific embodiments. The above specific embodiments and the descriptions in the specification are only for further explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed.

Claims

1. A new pollutant groundwater treatment device based on bio-electrolysis technology, characterized in that, It includes a biochemical pool (1) and an electrolytic cell (2), and the biochemical pool (1) is connected to the electrolytic cell (2); a water inlet pipe and an aeration pipe (9) are provided at the bottom of the biochemical pool (1); on the inner sides of the opposite two pool walls of the electrolytic cell (2), electrode plates (202) are respectively provided, an iron powder layer (203) is provided inside the electrode plates (202), and an adsorption layer (204) is provided between the two iron powder layers (203); during electrolysis, the iron powder layer (203) and the adsorption layer (204) supply electrons to pollutants on the one hand, and generate a large number of free radicals on the other hand to react with the pollutants adsorbed on the surface; when macromolecular pollutants are degraded into small molecules with different positively and negatively charged ionic groups, they migrate to the two electrode plates respectively, and during the migration process, the degraded small molecule pollutants are further adsorbed and catalytically degraded by the iron powder layer; the adsorption layer (204) is made of a conductive polymer, graphene and its derivatives, carbon nanotubes, an activated carbon composite material or a metal-organic framework and a carbon-based composite material; It further includes a clear water pool (3), the water inlet (201) of the electrolytic cell (2) is connected to the biochemical pool (1), and the water outlet (205) is connected to the clear water pool (3); a rotating assembly (4) is provided in the clear water pool (3), and the rotating assembly (4) is connected to a storage battery (7) through a generator (5) and a converter (6), and the storage battery (7) supplies power to the electrode plates (202); the water inlet (201) is located at the lower part of one side wall of the electrolytic cell, and the water outlet (205) is located at the upper part of the other side wall of the electrolytic cell; the flow rate of the water outlet (205) is less than that of the water inlet (201); The top of the biochemical pool (1) is covered with a solar energy assembly (8), and the solar energy assembly (8) is connected to the storage battery (7) through a converter (6); air outlets (11) are provided at the top of the pool wall of the biochemical pool (1) and the solar energy assembly (8).

2. The new pollutant groundwater treatment device based on bio-electrolysis technology according to claim 1, characterized in that The bottom surface of the water outlet (205) is inclined downward.

3. A method for treating new pollutants in groundwater based on bio-electrolysis technology, characterized in that, Use the new pollutant groundwater treatment device based on biological-electrolysis technology described in any one of claims 1 to 2; the method includes: Step 10: Input polluted water into the biochemical pool (1), carry out aeration, and biologically degrade the organic pollutants in the polluted water, and the treated polluted water enters the electrolytic cell (2). Step 20: The polluted water flows from the water inlet to the water outlet in the electrolytic cell, the iron powder layer (203) and the adsorption layer (204) adsorb the pollutants in the polluted water, and finally the water flows out from the water outlet. Step 30: Detect the concentration of pollutants in the water at the water outlet. If the concentration exceeds the preset threshold, stop inputting polluted water into the biochemical pool; energize the electrode plates to electrolyze the pollutants adsorbed in the iron powder layer (203) and the adsorption layer (204); after a preset period of time, cut off the power supply of the electrode plates and input polluted water into the biochemical pool; Step 40, the water flowing out from the water outlet of the electrolytic cell falls into the clear water tank. During the process of flowing from top to bottom, it drives the rotation of the rotating assembly (4), drives the generator (5) to generate electricity, and stores the electricity in the storage battery (7) through the converter (6); the solar energy assembly (8) above the biochemical tank (1) absorbs sunlight and converts it into electrical energy, and stores the electricity in the storage battery (7) through the converter (6).

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