Process method for improving normal-temperature oxidation quality of metal part
Through the process flow of pre-degreasing, ultrasonic cleaning, neutralization, water washing and oil sealing, the problem of incomplete oxide film of metal parts is solved, and efficient and environmentally friendly oxide film formation is achieved, ensuring the anti-corrosion performance and operation safety of the parts.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411386273.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-03
AI Technical Summary
The existing metal parts room temperature oxidation process has problems such as incomplete oxide film, exposed bottom, spots, and the use of hydrochloric acid has problems with occupational health and safety and environmental protection. It is necessary to improve the quality of room temperature oxidation.
The process flow of pre-degreasing, ultrasonic cleaning, neutralization, water washing, room temperature oxidation and oil sealing is adopted to ensure the cleanliness of the surface of the product and form a uniform and complete oxide film. The sealing is performed using environmentally friendly room temperature oxidizer and dehydrated rust-proof oil.
The film formation quality and stability of the oxide film are improved, and an environmentally friendly, pollution-free and hazardous production process is achieved. The production efficiency is high, the oxide film is uniform and complete, with good appearance and anti-corrosion performance meets the standards.
Smart Images
Figure CN119243135A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of surface treatment, and in particular to a process for improving the room-temperature oxidation quality of metal parts. Background Art
[0002] In the machinery manufacturing, automobile manufacturing, power equipment, mining equipment and other industries, the surfaces of some standard parts, shafts and other metal parts need to be oxidized to achieve the purpose of medium- and short-term rust prevention. Such parts are mainly used inside equipment components, in oily environments, in locations that can be frequently maintained or in locations with low rust prevention requirements.
[0003] Traditional oxidation is high-temperature alkaline oxidation, the temperature of the alkaline solution is as high as 130-140℃, the oxidation time is 30-60min, and "three wastes" are produced during the production process, which has high safety and occupational health hazards and belongs to a heavily polluting industry. In recent years, the room temperature oxidation process has been increasingly used. This process uses environmentally friendly room temperature oxidants, has low processing temperature, is harmless to the human body, has a short processing time, and has high production efficiency. The oxide film formed can meet the requirements of relevant standards.
[0004] The prior art provides a method for protecting the metal surface from blackening at room temperature, which firstly performs a conventional degreasing on the metal workpiece, then washes it with water twice, then pickles it, washes it with water, then performs a blackening treatment, then washes it with water again, seals it with oil, and then dries it.
[0005] However, the above method has the following problems: First, although the above patent degreases the workpiece, it is only a conventional degreasing. Second, after two water washings, it is soaked in a 10% hydrochloric acid solution for 2-5 minutes. Hydrochloric acid is a hazardous chemical. There are occupational health and safety and environmental protection issues during use. In recent years, industrial enterprises directly use hydrochloric acid for production less and less. Use organic acid weak acid neutralization instead of strong acid pickling. After implementing the above method, the oxidized workpieces frequently have problems such as incomplete oxide film, exposed bottom, spots, etc., and the film quality and stability of the oxide film are low. Therefore, providing a safe and environmentally friendly process method that can improve the room temperature oxidation quality of metal parts is a technical problem that is urgently needed to be solved. Summary of the invention
[0006] In view of the problems in the above-mentioned background technology, the present invention provides a process method for improving the room-temperature oxidation quality of metal parts, with uniform and complete oxide film, high production efficiency, no pollution to the environment, and no harm to occupational health.
[0007] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A process for improving the room temperature oxidation quality of metal parts, comprising the following steps:
[0008] Step 1: Pre-degreasing: Use chemical degreasing method to remove oil stains on the surface of the workpiece;
[0009] Step 2: Degreasing: Use ultrasonic cleaning to further clean the workpiece;
[0010] Step 2: Neutralization: Use a neutralizer to neutralize the degreasing agent remaining on the surface of the workpiece;
[0011] Step 4: Water washing: Use clean water soaking and rinsing to remove the chemical solvent components remaining on the surface of the workpiece;
[0012] Step 5: Oxidation film formation at room temperature;
[0013] Step 6: Water washing: Use clean water soaking and rinsing to remove the residual oxidant components on the surface of the workpiece;
[0014] Step 7: Oil seal: Use dehydrated anti-rust oil to seal the oxide film.
[0015] Furthermore, the chemical degreasing method is used to remove oil stains on the surface of the workpiece, which specifically includes the following steps: placing the workpieces in a basket, leaving a certain gap between the workpieces, and generally placing the workpieces in no more than three layers, using an electric hoist to lift the basket above the pre-degreasing tank, and immersing the basket in the pre-degreasing solution, swinging it up and down and left and right to increase the degreasing speed and effect, the immersion time is 10 to 20 minutes, and the solution temperature is 45 to 50°C; the pre-degreasing solution is an alkaline solution.
[0016] Furthermore, the total alkalinity of the pre-degreasing solution meets the requirements of 48 to 58 pt, and the free alkalinity meets the requirements of 30 to 35 pt.
[0017] Furthermore, the ultrasonic cleaning method is used to further clean the workpiece, which specifically includes the following steps: use XH-19A type degreasing agent to prepare a degreasing solution at a temperature of 50-55°C, immerse the workpiece in a cleaning tank for ultrasonic cleaning, and the cleaning time is 5-10 minutes.
[0018] Furthermore, the neutralization treatment of the degreasing agent remaining on the surface of the workpiece by using a neutralizer specifically includes the following steps: immersing the workpiece in a neutralization solution for neutralization treatment, the solution temperature is room temperature, and the neutralization time is 2 to 3 minutes.
[0019] Furthermore, the process of removing the residual chemical solvent components on the surface of the workpiece by soaking and rinsing with clean water specifically includes the following steps: immersing the workpiece in clean water or washing with running water, the water washing temperature is room temperature, and the water washing time is 3 to 5 minutes. After washing, the degreasing effect is tested by the water film method. The water film should be complete and continuous, forming a water film that evenly covers the surface of the workpiece without appearing as water beads.
[0020] Furthermore, the room temperature oxidation film formation specifically includes the following steps: using WX-401 room temperature blackening agent to prepare oxidation blackening liquid, immersing the workpiece in the oxidation blackening liquid for oxidation, the solution temperature: room temperature, oxidation time: 2 to 8 minutes.
[0021] Furthermore, the use of clean water immersion and rinsing method to remove the residual oxidant components on the surface of the workpiece specifically includes the following steps: immersing the workpiece in clean water or washing it with running water, the solution temperature is room temperature, and the water washing time is 3 to 5 minutes.
[0022] Furthermore, the use of dehydrating anti-rust oil to seal the oxide film specifically includes the following steps: immersing the workpiece in PSA-005 dehydrating anti-rust oil, temperature: room temperature, immersion time: 2 to 5 minutes.
[0023] Furthermore, the concentration of the oxidative blackening liquid is 25% to 35%, and the pH value is 2.0 to 2.5.
[0024] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0025] 1. The metal parts of the present invention are subjected to two degreasing and oil removal processes before oxidation to ensure the surface cleanliness of the parts before oxidation and improve the film-forming quality of the oxide film. After the oxide film is formed, a specific dehydration anti-rust oil is used for sealing treatment to improve the anti-corrosion ability of the oxide film.
[0026] 2. The treatment process provided by the present invention includes pre-treatment, room temperature oxidation and post-treatment. The pre-treatment includes pre-degreasing, degreasing, neutralization and water washing of the workpiece surface. The room temperature oxidation is to immerse the workpiece in an environmentally friendly room temperature oxidation blackening liquid to form an oxide film on its surface. The post-treatment includes water washing and oil sealing after oxidation. The water washing after oxidation is to remove the residual oxidant components on the surface of the workpiece. The oil sealing is to use dehydrated anti-rust oil to seal the oxide film to further improve its corrosion resistance. The oxide film of the metal part of the present invention is uniform and complete, with good appearance and up-to-standard anti-corrosion performance. The production process is non-toxic and harmless to the human body, the process operation is simple, the production efficiency is high, and it is environmentally friendly and energy-saving. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0027] Figure 1 It is a process flow chart of the present invention.
[0028] Figure 2 The quality comparison diagram of the two oxidation processes of the product 1 in Example 1, wherein the left side is a photo of the product made by the conventional process, and the right side is a photo of the product oxidized in Example 1;
[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Comparison of the quality of the two oxidation processes at the end of the product, where the left side is a photo of the product made by the conventional process, and the right side is a photo of the product oxidized in Example 1;
[0030] Figure 4 This is a comparison chart of the qualities of the two oxidation processes of the product 2 in Example 1, wherein the left side is a photo of the product produced by the conventional process, and the right side is a photo of the product produced by oxidation in Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0031] The implementation of the technical solution is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
[0032] Example 1
[0033] like Figure 1 An embodiment shown is a process for improving the room temperature oxidation quality of a metal part, comprising the following steps:
[0034] Pre-degreasing: put the parts into the basket, leaving a certain gap between the parts, the gap is not less than 1mm, the shaft parts are allowed to be stacked crisscross, and the placement is generally not more than three layers. Use an electric hoist to lift the basket above the pre-degreasing tank, and slowly immerse the basket in the pre-degreasing solution. The basket generally enters 5 to 10 mm below the liquid surface. If the grease is heavy, the controller can be operated to slowly swing the basket up and down and left and right to increase the speed and effect of degreasing. The degreasing time is 10 to 20 minutes, and the solution temperature is 45 to 50 ° C. The total alkalinity of the pre-degreasing solution is controlled at 48 to 58 pt, the free alkalinity is controlled at 30 to 35 pt, and the pH value is: 12 to 13, that is, alkaline chemical degreasing method.
[0035] The pre-degreasing solution is prepared using degreasing powder, the main ingredients of which are:
[0036]
[0037] Degreasing: Use ultrasonic cleaning method, use XH-19A degreasing agent to prepare degreasing solution in the cleaning tank, the ratio of degreasing agent to water is 0.5~1:20, turn on the power switch, set the frequency to 50~60KHz, set the temperature to 50~55℃, after the solution temperature reaches the temperature, use electric hoist to lift the workpiece and immerse it in the cleaning tank for ultrasonic cleaning, the cleaning time is 5~10min.
[0038] Use XH-19A degreasing agent, its main ingredients and content are as follows:
[0039]
[0040] Neutralization: Use an electric hoist to lift the workpiece and immerse it in the neutralization solution for neutralization treatment. Solution temperature: room temperature, neutralization time: 2 to 3 minutes.
[0041] The use of XH-527 type neutralizer to neutralize the degreasing agent remaining on the surface of the workpiece specifically includes the following steps: immersing the workpiece in a neutralizing solution for neutralization treatment, the solution temperature is room temperature, and the neutralization time is 2 to 3 minutes.
[0042] The main components and contents of XH-527 neutralizer are as follows:
[0043]
[0044] Washing: Use an electric hoist to immerse the workpiece in clean water or use running water for washing. The washing temperature is room temperature and the washing time is 3 to 5 minutes. After washing, use the water film method to test the degreasing effect. The water film should be complete and continuous, forming a water film that evenly covers the surface of the workpiece without water droplets. If there are oil stains, return to the degreasing process and repeat the process until there are no oil stains on the surface of the workpiece.
[0045] Oxidation: Use WX-401 room temperature blackening agent to prepare oxidation blackening liquid, the ratio of oxidant to water is 1:3~4, use electric hoist to lift the workpiece and immerse it in oxidation blackening liquid for oxidation, solution temperature: room temperature, oxidation time: 2~8min. The concentration of oxidation blackening liquid is 25%~35%, and the pH value should be 2.0~2.5. The color of the oxide film is blue-black or dark black, the film layer is continuous and complete, the appearance is delicate and smooth, not yellowing, and there are no spots, pitting, impurities, particles and other defects. If the contact surface of the oxide film is incomplete or the color is lighter, the oxidation time should be appropriately extended; if the appearance of the oxide film is yellowing, there are many spots without the film layer and other serious defects, then re-oxidize after de-plating.
[0046] The main components and contents of WX-401 room temperature blackening agent are as follows:
[0047]
[0048] Washing: Use an electric hoist to immerse the workpiece in clean water or use running water for washing. Solution temperature: room temperature, washing time: 3 to 5 minutes. After washing, lift the basket out of the water, drain the water on the sink, and perform oil sealing within 1 minute to prevent the workpiece from being exposed to the air for a long time and causing floating rust.
[0049] Oil seal: Use an electric hoist to lift the workpiece and immerse it in PSA-005 dehydration anti-rust oil. The temperature is room temperature and the immersion time is 2 to 5 minutes. During the oil immersion process, the basket can be swung up and down and left and right to ensure that the surface of the workpiece is evenly coated with oil.
[0050] The main components and contents of PSA-005 dehydration anti-rust oil are as follows:
[0051]
[0052] The method in the prior art: a method for protecting the metal surface from blackening at room temperature, firstly, the metal workpiece is subjected to a conventional degreasing, and the conventional degreasing generally refers to an alkaline chemical degreasing method, which is the same as the pre-degreasing method in this embodiment, and then it is washed with water twice, then acid washed, washed with water, and then blackened, and then washed with water again, oiled and sealed, and dried.
[0053] The photos of the product oxidized in Example 1 and the product made by the prior art process in the comparative example are as follows Figure 2 to Figure 4 As shown, it can be seen that the oxide film of the workpiece oxidized by the method of Example 1 has significantly improved appearance quality compared with the conventional process of single degreasing. The oxide film is dense and complete without bottom leakage, flowery and other problems.
[0054] Example 2
[0055] Pre-degreasing: put the parts into the basket, leaving a certain gap between the parts, the gap is not less than 1mm, the shaft parts are allowed to be stacked crisscross, and the placement is generally not more than three layers. Use an electric hoist to lift the basket above the pre-degreasing tank, and slowly immerse the basket in the pre-degreasing solution. The basket is generally 5 to 10mm below the liquid surface. If the grease is heavy, the controller can be operated to slowly swing the basket up and down and left and right to increase the speed and effect of degreasing. This process can also be degreased and deoiled using acid degreasing method, emulsion degreasing method, organic solvent degreasing method, etc.
[0056] Degreasing: Use ultrasonic cleaning method. You can use other types of organic solvent degreasing agents to prepare the degreasing solution. Turn on the power switch, set the frequency to 20-80KHz, and set the temperature to 40-80℃. After the solution temperature reaches the temperature, use an electric hoist to lift the workpiece and immerse it in the cleaning tank for ultrasonic cleaning. The cleaning time is 5-10 minutes.
[0057] Neutralization: Use an electric hoist to lift the workpiece and immerse it in the neutralization solution for neutralization treatment. Solution temperature: room temperature, neutralization time: 2 to 3 minutes.
[0058] Washing: Use an electric hoist to immerse the workpiece in clean water or use running water for washing. The washing temperature is room temperature and the washing time is 3 to 5 minutes. After washing, check whether there are obvious oil stains on the surface of the workpiece. The water film should be complete and not blooming. If there are oil stains, return to the degreasing process and repeat the treatment until there are no oil stains on the surface of the workpiece.
[0059] Oxidation: Use WX-401 room temperature blackening agent to prepare oxidation blackening liquid, the ratio of oxidant to water is 1:3~4, use electric hoist to lift the workpiece and immerse it in oxidation blackening liquid for oxidation, solution temperature: room temperature, oxidation time: 2~8min. The concentration of oxidation blackening liquid is 25%~35%, and the pH value should be 2.0~2.5. The color of the oxide film is blue-black or dark black, the film layer is continuous and complete, the appearance is delicate and smooth, not yellowing, and there are no spots, pitting, impurities, particles and other defects. If the contact surface of the oxide film is incomplete or the color is lighter, the oxidation time should be appropriately extended; if the appearance of the oxide film is yellowing, there are many spots without the film layer and other serious defects, then re-oxidize after de-plating.
[0060] Washing: Use an electric hoist to immerse the workpiece in clean water or use running water for washing. Solution temperature: room temperature, washing time: 3 to 5 minutes. After washing, lift the basket out of the water, drain the water on the sink, and perform oil sealing within 1 minute to prevent the workpiece from being exposed to the air for a long time and causing floating rust.
[0061] Oil seal: Use an electric hoist to lift the workpiece and immerse it in PSA-005 dehydration anti-rust oil. The temperature is room temperature and the immersion time is 2 to 5 minutes. During the oil immersion process, the basket can be swung up and down and left and right to ensure that the surface of the workpiece is evenly coated with oil.
[0062] The metal parts of the present invention are subjected to two degreasing and oil removal processes before oxidation. The two degreasing and oil removal methods and oil removal focuses are different. The first oil removal process uses a chemical or organic solvent method to remove most of the heavy oil stains and other oil stains on the surface of the parts. The second oil removal process focuses on an ultrasonic cleaning method, which can remove the fine oil stains and impurities firmly attached to the surface of the parts, ensuring the surface cleanliness of the parts before oxidation and improving the film-forming quality of the oxide film. After the oxide film is formed, a dehydrated anti-rust oil is used for sealing treatment to improve the anti-corrosion ability of the oxide film. The oxide film of the metal parts of the present invention is uniform and complete, has a good appearance, meets the anti-corrosion performance standards, is non-toxic and harmless to the human body during the production process, is simple to operate, has high production efficiency, and is environmentally friendly and energy-saving.
[0063] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A process for improving the room temperature oxidation quality of metal parts, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Pre-degreasing: Use chemical degreasing method to remove oil stains on the surface of the workpiece; Step 2: Degreasing: Use ultrasonic cleaning to further clean the workpiece; Step 3: Neutralization: Use a neutralizer to neutralize the degreasing agent remaining on the surface of the workpiece; Step 4: Water washing: Use clean water soaking and rinsing to remove the chemical solvent components remaining on the surface of the workpiece; Step 5: Oxidation film formation at room temperature; Step 6: Water washing: Use clean water soaking and rinsing to remove the residual oxidant components on the surface of the workpiece; Step 7: Oil seal: Use dehydrated anti-rust oil to seal the oxide film.
2. A process for improving the room temperature oxidation quality of metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, a chemical degreasing method is used to remove oil stains on the surface of the workpiece, which specifically includes the following steps: the workpieces are placed in a basket with a certain gap between the workpieces, and are placed in no more than three layers, and are immersed in a pre-degreasing solution, and are swung up and down and left and right to increase the degreasing speed. The immersion time is 10 to 20 minutes, and the solution temperature is 45 to 50° C.; the pre-degreasing solution is an alkaline solution.
3. A process for improving the room temperature oxidation quality of metal parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The total alkalinity of the pre-degreasing solution meets the requirements of 48-58 pt, and the free alkalinity meets the requirements of 30-35 pt.
4. The process for improving the room temperature oxidation quality of metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, the ultrasonic cleaning method is used to further clean the workpiece, which specifically includes the following steps: use XH-19A type degreasing agent to prepare a degreasing solution, set the temperature to 50-55°C, immerse the workpiece in a cleaning tank for ultrasonic cleaning, and the cleaning time is 5-10 minutes.
5. The process for improving the room temperature oxidation quality of metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3, the degreasing agent remaining on the surface of the workpiece is neutralized by using a XH-527 neutralizer, which specifically includes the following steps: immersing the workpiece in a neutralizing solution for neutralization treatment, the solution temperature is room temperature, and the neutralization time is 2 to 3 minutes.
6. The process for improving the room temperature oxidation quality of metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4, soaking and rinsing with clean water to remove the chemical solvent components remaining on the surface of the workpiece specifically includes the following steps: immersing the workpiece in clean water or washing it with running water, the water washing temperature is: room temperature, and the water washing time is: 3 to 5 minutes.
7. The process for improving the room temperature oxidation quality of metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 5, the room temperature oxidation film formation specifically includes the following steps: using WX-401 room temperature blackening agent to prepare an oxidation blackening liquid, immersing the workpiece in the oxidation blackening liquid for oxidation, the solution temperature: room temperature, oxidation time: 2 to 8 minutes.
8. A process for improving the room temperature oxidation quality of metal parts according to claim 7, characterized in that: The concentration of the oxidative blackening liquid is 25% to 35%, and the pH value is 2.0 to 2.
5.
9. The process for improving the room temperature oxidation quality of metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 6, the oxidant components remaining on the surface of the workpiece are removed by soaking and rinsing with clean water, which specifically includes the following steps: immersing the workpiece in clean water or washing it with running water, the solution temperature is room temperature, and the water washing time is 3 to 5 minutes.
10. The process for improving the room temperature oxidation quality of metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 7, the oxide film is sealed with dehydrating anti-rust oil, which specifically includes the following steps: immersing the workpiece in PSA-005 dehydrating anti-rust oil, temperature: room temperature, immersion time: 2 to 5 minutes.