Measurement method and device for static and dynamic load stress flow of coal and rock mass, and electronic equipment

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a method and device for measuring static and dynamic load stress flow of coal and rock masses, and an electronic device, which acquire the stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock masses to be measured and the distribution characteristics of the in-situ stress field of the coal and rock masses; perform stress flow calculation and processing according to the stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock masses and the distribution characteristics of the in-situ stress field of the coal and rock masses to obtain a static load stress flow vector and a dynamic load stress flow vector; perform data calculation and processing according to the dynamic load stress flow vector to obtain an outer envelope surface of the dynamic load stress flow vector, and determine the dynamic load stress flow line according to the outer envelope surface; determine the static load stress flow of the coal and rock masses according to the static load stress flow vector, and determine the dynamic load stress flow of the coal and rock masses according to the dynamic load stress flow line. After acquiring stress-strain data through uniaxial compression tests and similar simulation tests in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the stress gradient field and the stress flow vector are calculated through the stress flow tensor characterization theory, revealing the stress flow characteristics of coal and rock masses under mining static and dynamic loads, and being able to reliably and accurately measure the static and dynamic load stress flow of coal and rock masses.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of data processing, and in particular, to a method and device for measuring static and dynamic load stress flow of coal and rock masses, and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the continuous upgrading of coal mining technologies and equipment, as well as the large-scale development of near-surface shallow coal seam coal resources and the adjustment of coal resource development strategies, coal mining has gradually shifted to deep mining. In the deep mining environment, the natural stress field of coal and rock masses is complex and variable under the influence of mining, the stress change situation is unclear, and there is a lack of refined means to continuously reflect the relationship between stress and fracture structure in space and time, which causes trouble for the accurate identification and safety warning of rock bursts.

[0003] At present, stress measurement devices represented by borehole stress gauges and microseismic monitoring can monitor the stress of coal and rock masses. However, in the existing technology, the measurement methods of coal and rock mass stress have relatively large measurement accuracy errors, and the measurement of borehole stress gauges cannot be continuous in space and time; for the technology of microseismic fiber optic sensors to capture rock mass fracture vibration signals, the inversion of the stress field is affected by calculation models and complex geological conditions, and its reliability and accuracy are limited, and it cannot accurately describe the spatio-temporal variation of stress.

[0004] Therefore, how to reliably and accurately measure the static and dynamic load stress flow of coal and rock masses is an urgent problem to be solved at present. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present disclosure provides a method and device for measuring static and dynamic load stress flow of coal and rock masses, and an electronic device. Its main purpose is to solve the problem of how to reliably and accurately measure the static and dynamic load stress flow of coal and rock masses.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method for measuring static and dynamic load stress flow of coal and rock masses, which includes:

[0007] Obtain the stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock mass to be measured and the distribution characteristics of the in-situ stress field of the coal and rock mass; wherein, the stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock mass are obtained through uniaxial loading and unloading tests on a preset coal and rock mass masonry model, and the distribution characteristics of the in-situ stress field of the coal and rock mass are obtained through biaxial loading and unloading tests on a preset coal and rock mass similarity model;

[0008] Perform stress flow calculation and processing according to the stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock mass and the distribution characteristics of the in-situ stress field of the coal and rock mass to obtain the static load stress flow vector and the dynamic load stress flow vector of the coal and rock mass to be measured;

[0009] Perform data calculation and processing according to the dynamic load stress flow vector to obtain the outer envelope surface of the dynamic load stress flow vector, and determine the dynamic load stress flow line according to the outer envelope surface;

[0010] Determine the static load stress flow of the coal and rock mass to be measured according to the static load stress flow vector, and determine the dynamic load stress flow of the coal and rock mass to be measured according to the dynamic load stress streamline.

[0011] Optionally, the obtaining of the stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock mass to be measured and the distribution characteristics of the in-situ stress field of the coal and rock mass includes:

[0012] Conduct uniaxial loading and unloading test treatment through the preset coal and rock mass masonry model to obtain the stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock mass; wherein, the preset coal and rock mass masonry model is a model pre-constructed to simulate the structural characteristics of the coal and rock mass to be measured;

[0013] Conduct biaxial loading and unloading test treatment through the preset coal and rock mass similarity model to obtain the distribution characteristics of the in-situ stress field of the coal and rock mass; wherein, the preset coal and rock mass similarity model is a model pre-constructed to simulate the material characteristics of the coal and rock mass to be measured.

[0014] Optionally, the conducting of uniaxial loading and unloading test treatment through the preset coal and rock mass masonry model to obtain the stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock mass includes:

[0015] Obtain first strain data; wherein, the first strain data is data obtained by simulating the self-weight stress of the rock strata of the coal and rock mass to be measured and the roadway support force of the coal and rock mass to be measured during the uniaxial loading and unloading test;

[0016] Obtain second strain data; wherein, the second strain data is data obtained by simulating the in-situ stress environment of roadways with different buried depths in the coal and rock mass to be measured during the uniaxial loading and unloading test;

[0017] Conduct data calculation and processing according to the first strain data to obtain the initial in-situ stress field of the rock mass of the coal and rock mass to be measured, and conduct data analysis and processing according to the initial in-situ stress field of the rock mass to obtain the distribution law of the in-situ stress gradient area of the coal and rock mass to be measured;

[0018] Conduct data analysis and processing according to the second strain data to obtain the change data of the internal stress field of the rock mass of the coal and rock mass to be measured, and conduct data analysis and processing according to the distribution law of the in-situ stress gradient area and the change data of the internal stress field of the rock mass to obtain the stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock mass.

[0019] Optionally, the conducting of biaxial loading and unloading test treatment through the preset coal and rock mass similarity model to obtain the distribution characteristics of the in-situ stress field of the coal and rock mass includes:

[0020] Obtain the third strain data; wherein, the third strain data is the data obtained after applying a load with a total preset load value to the preset coal-rock mass similarity model during the biaxial loading and unloading test.

[0021] Conduct data analysis and processing on the third strain data to obtain the stress evolution law corresponding to the preset coal-rock mass similarity model.

[0022] Perform data calculation and processing on the stress evolution law through a preset similarity ratio to obtain the distribution characteristics of the in-situ stress field of the coal-rock mass, where the preset similarity ratio is the scale between the coal-rock mass to be measured and the preset coal-rock mass similarity model.

[0023] Optionally, the obtaining of the first strain data includes:

[0024] Apply a pressure with a first preset pressure value to the preset coal-rock mass masonry model through a first preset pressure device, and apply a supporting force with a second preset pressure value to the roadway of the preset coal-rock mass masonry model through a second preset pressure device to obtain a preset coal-rock mass masonry model after the first strain.

[0025] Read the data of the preset measuring device in the preset coal-rock mass masonry model after the first strain to obtain the first strain data.

[0026] Optionally, the obtaining of the second strain data includes:

[0027] Apply a pressure to the preset coal-rock mass masonry model through the first preset pressure device according to a first application gradient, and apply a supporting force to the roadway of the preset coal-rock mass masonry model through the second preset pressure device according to a second application gradient to obtain a preset coal-rock mass masonry model after the second strain.

[0028] Read the data of the preset measuring device in the preset coal-rock mass masonry model after the second strain to obtain the second strain data.

[0029] Optionally, the obtaining of the third strain data includes:

[0030] Apply a pressure with a total preset load value to the preset coal-rock mass similarity model through the third preset pressure device according to a preset load application method to obtain a preset coal-rock mass similarity model after strain; wherein, the total preset load value is obtained through data calculation using the preset similarity ratio and the total load value of the coal-rock mass to be measured.

[0031] Read the data of the preset measuring device in the preset coal-rock mass similarity model after strain to obtain the third strain data.

[0032] Optionally, after determining the static load stress flow of the coal and rock mass to be measured according to the static load stress flow vector, and determining the dynamic load stress flow of the coal and rock mass to be measured according to the dynamic load stress flow line, the method further includes:

[0033] Obtain first image data of the preset coal and rock mass masonry model during the uniaxial loading and unloading test, and second image data of the preset coal and rock mass similarity model during the biaxial loading and unloading test;

[0034] Perform data analysis and processing based on the first image data, the second image data, the static load stress flow of the coal and rock mass, and the dynamic load stress flow of the coal and rock mass, to obtain the correlation between the strain of the coal and rock mass to be measured and the static load stress flow and / or the dynamic load stress flow of the coal and rock mass.

[0035] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a measuring device for static and dynamic load stress flow of a coal and rock mass, including:

[0036] A first acquisition unit for acquiring the stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock mass to be measured and the distribution characteristics of the in-situ stress field of the coal and rock mass; wherein, the stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock mass are obtained through a uniaxial loading and unloading test of a preset coal and rock mass masonry model, and the distribution characteristics of the in-situ stress field of the coal and rock mass are obtained through a biaxial loading and unloading test of a preset coal and rock mass similarity model;

[0037] A calculation unit for performing stress flow calculation and processing based on the stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock mass and the distribution characteristics of the in-situ stress field of the coal and rock mass, to obtain the static load stress flow vector and the dynamic load stress flow vector of the coal and rock mass to be measured;

[0038] The calculation unit is further configured to perform data calculation and processing based on the dynamic load stress flow vector, to obtain an outer envelope surface of the dynamic load stress flow vector, and determine a dynamic load stress flow line according to the outer envelope surface;

[0039] A determination unit for determining the static load stress flow of the coal and rock mass to be measured according to the static load stress flow vector, and determining the dynamic load stress flow of the coal and rock mass to be measured according to the dynamic load stress flow line.

[0040] Optionally, the first acquisition unit includes:

[0041] A first processing module for performing a uniaxial loading and unloading test process through the preset coal and rock mass masonry model to obtain the stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock mass; wherein, the preset coal and rock mass masonry model is a model pre-constructed to simulate the structural characteristics of the coal and rock mass to be measured;

[0042] A second processing module, configured to perform biaxial loading and unloading test processing through the preset coal and rock mass similarity model to obtain the distribution characteristics of the in-situ stress field of the coal and rock mass; wherein, the preset coal and rock mass similarity model is a model pre-constructed to simulate the material characteristics of the coal and rock mass to be measured.

[0043] Optionally, the first processing module is further configured to:

[0044] Obtain first strain data; wherein, the first strain data is data obtained by simulating the self-weight stress of the rock strata of the coal and rock mass to be measured and the roadway support force of the coal and rock mass to be measured during the uniaxial loading and unloading test;

[0045] Obtain second strain data; wherein, the second strain data is data obtained by simulating the in-situ stress environment of roadways with different buried depths in the coal and rock mass to be measured during the uniaxial loading and unloading test;

[0046] Perform data calculation processing according to the first strain data to obtain the initial in-situ stress field of the coal and rock mass to be measured, and perform data analysis processing according to the initial in-situ stress field of the coal and rock mass to obtain the distribution law of the in-situ stress gradient area of the coal and rock mass to be measured;

[0047] Perform data analysis processing according to the second strain data to obtain the change data of the internal stress field of the coal and rock mass to be measured, and perform data analysis processing according to the distribution law of the in-situ stress gradient area and the change data of the internal stress field of the coal and rock mass to obtain the stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock mass.

[0048] Optionally, the second processing module is further configured to:

[0049] Obtain third strain data; wherein, the third strain data is data obtained after applying a load with a preset total load value to the preset coal and rock mass similarity model during the biaxial loading and unloading test;

[0050] Perform data analysis processing according to the third strain data to obtain the stress evolution law corresponding to the preset coal and rock mass similarity model;

[0051] Perform data calculation processing on the stress evolution law through a preset similarity ratio to obtain the distribution characteristics of the in-situ stress field of the coal and rock mass, wherein the preset similarity ratio is the scale between the coal and rock mass to be measured and the preset coal and rock mass similarity model.

[0052] Optionally, the first processing module is further configured to:

[0053] Apply a pressure of a first preset pressure value to the preset coal-rock mass masonry model through a first preset pressure device, and apply a supporting force of a second preset pressure value to the roadway of the preset coal-rock mass masonry model through a second preset pressure device, to obtain a first strained preset coal-rock mass masonry model;

[0054] Read the data of the preset measuring device in the first strained preset coal-rock mass masonry model to obtain the first strain data.

[0055] Optionally, the first processing module is further configured to:

[0056] Apply a pressure to the preset coal-rock mass masonry model through the first preset pressure device according to a first application gradient, and apply a supporting force to the roadway of the preset coal-rock mass masonry model through the second preset pressure device according to a second application gradient, to obtain a second strained preset coal-rock mass masonry model;

[0057] Read the data of the preset measuring device in the second strained preset coal-rock mass masonry model to obtain the second strain data.

[0058] Optionally, the second processing module is further configured to:

[0059] Apply a pressure of a preset total load value to the preset coal-rock mass similarity model through the third preset pressure device according to a preset load application method; wherein, the preset total load value is obtained by performing data calculation through the preset similarity ratio and the total load value of the coal-rock mass to be measured;

[0060] Read the data of the preset measuring device in the strained preset coal-rock mass similarity model to obtain the third strain data.

[0061] Optionally, the device further includes:

[0062] A second acquisition unit, configured to acquire first image data of the preset coal-rock mass masonry model during the uniaxial loading and unloading test, and second image data of the preset coal-rock mass similarity model during the biaxial loading and unloading test;

[0063] An analysis unit, configured to perform data analysis and processing according to the first image data, the second image data, the static load stress flow of the coal-rock mass, and the dynamic load stress flow of the coal-rock mass, to obtain the correlation between the strain of the coal-rock mass to be measured and the static load stress flow and / or the dynamic load stress flow of the coal-rock mass.

[0064] According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an electronic device, including:

[0065] At least one processor; and

[0066] A memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein,

[0067] The memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to execute the method described in the foregoing first aspect.

[0068] According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions, wherein the computer instructions are used to cause the computer to execute the method described in the foregoing first aspect.

[0069] According to a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a computer program product including a computer program, and the computer program implements the method described in the foregoing first aspect when executed by a processor.

[0070] The method and device for measuring the static and dynamic load stress flow of coal and rock masses, and the electronic device provided by the present disclosure obtain the stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock masses to be measured and the distribution characteristics of the in-situ stress field of the coal and rock masses; wherein, the stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock masses are obtained through uniaxial loading and unloading tests on a preset coal and rock mass masonry model, and the distribution characteristics of the in-situ stress field of the coal and rock masses are obtained through biaxial loading and unloading tests on a preset coal and rock mass similarity model; stress flow calculation and processing are performed according to the stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock masses and the distribution characteristics of the in-situ stress field of the coal and rock masses to obtain the static load stress flow vector and the dynamic load stress flow vector of the coal and rock masses to be measured; data calculation and processing are performed according to the dynamic load stress flow vector to obtain the circumscribed envelope surface of the dynamic load stress flow vector, and the dynamic load stress flow line is determined according to the circumscribed envelope surface; the static load stress flow of the coal and rock masses to be measured is determined according to the static load stress flow vector, and the dynamic load stress flow of the coal and rock masses to be measured is determined according to the dynamic load stress flow line. Compared with the related art, after obtaining stress-strain data through uniaxial compression tests and similarity simulation tests, the stress gradient field and stress flow vector are calculated by the stress flow tensor characterization theory in the embodiments of the present disclosure, revealing the stress flow characteristics of coal and rock masses under mining static and dynamic loads, and being able to reliably and accurately measure the static and dynamic load stress flow of coal and rock masses.

[0071] It should be understood that the content described in this part is not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present application, nor is it used to limit the scope of the present application. Other features of the present application will become easily understood through the following description. Description of the Drawings

[0072] The drawings are used to better understand the solution and do not constitute a limitation to the present disclosure. Among them:

[0073] Figure 1Schematic flowchart of a method for measuring static and dynamic load stress flow of coal and rock mass provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0074] Figure 2 Schematic structural diagram of a preset coal and rock mass masonry model provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0075] Figure 3 Schematic structural diagram of a preset coal and rock mass similarity model provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0076] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of stress flow characterization provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0077] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of theoretical models of static load stress flow and dynamic load stress flow provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0078] Figure 6 Schematic flowchart of determining the stress flow characteristics of coal and rock mass provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0079] Figure 7 Schematic flowchart of determining the distribution characteristics of in-situ stress field of coal and rock mass provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0080] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of stress measurement point layout in a preset coal and rock mass similarity model provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0081] Figure 9 Schematic structural diagram of a measuring device for static and dynamic load stress flow of coal and rock mass provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0082] Figure 10 Schematic structural diagram of another measuring device for static and dynamic load stress flow of coal and rock mass provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0083] Figure 11 Schematic block diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. Detailed implementation manners

[0084] The following makes an explanation of exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings. Various details of the embodiments of the present disclosure are included to help understanding, and they should be considered merely exemplary. Therefore, those of ordinary skill in the art should recognize that various changes and modifications can be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. Similarly, for the sake of clarity and conciseness, descriptions of well-known functions and structures are omitted in the following description.

[0085] The following describes a method and device for measuring static and dynamic load stress flow of coal and rock mass, and an electronic device according to embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0086] Figure 1 The flow chart of a method for measuring the static and dynamic load stress flow of coal and rock mass provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0087] As Figure 1 shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0088] Step 101, obtain the stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock mass to be measured and the distribution characteristics of the in-situ stress field of the coal and rock mass; wherein, the stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock mass are obtained through uniaxial loading and unloading tests on a preset coal and rock mass masonry model, and the distribution characteristics of the in-situ stress field of the coal and rock mass are obtained through biaxial loading and unloading tests on a preset coal and rock mass similarity model.

[0089] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the preset coal and rock mass masonry model is a preset solid model for simulating the structural characteristics of the coal and rock mass to be measured. Specifically, regarding the preset coal and rock mass masonry model, the present disclosure provides a structural schematic diagram of a preset coal and rock mass masonry model. As Figure 2 shown, coal and rock samples are collected at the outburst-prone coal seams on-site in different coal mines, and a number of parallelepipeds with a length of 100 mm × a height of 50 mm × a thickness of 50 mm and different angles (dip angles of 0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°) are made from the coal and rock samples. The masonry angles of the parallelepipeds are used to simulate the structural characteristics of the coal seam and the roof and floor rock strata. An experimental steel frame is made around the model, and a jack pressure is applied to the top to simulate the self-weight stress field of the overlying rock strata, and thus the preset coal and rock mass masonry model can be obtained.

[0090] Among them, Figure 2 the small box (purple) in is the roadway, and the simulated roadway size is 600 mm in length × 400 mm in height. A series of small jacks (blue devices) are arranged in the roadway to simulate the abutment pressure of the roadway wall and the excavation unloading process. A large number of dynamic strain gauges (red devices in the figure) are arranged in the near-field and far-field areas around the roadway. The sampling frequency of the dynamic strain gauges is 1 k / s. The dynamic strain gauges are connected to a computer, and data is directly read and processed in the computer.

[0091] The preset coal and rock mass similarity model is a preset solid model for simulating the material characteristics of the coal and rock mass to be measured. Specifically, regarding the preset coal and rock mass similarity model, the present disclosure provides a structural schematic diagram of a preset coal and rock mass similarity model. As Figure 3 shown (unit in the figure: mm), using similar simulation materials composed of coal and rock foam ceramics, gypsum, barite powder, water, etc., prepared according to a certain ratio to simulate the coal seam and different roof and floor rock strata respectively, and using gypsum and electro-optical paper to simulate the structural planes, large faults, and fracture planes of the mine rock strata, etc.

[0092] Taking the coal and rock mass to be measured as the simulation object, a biaxial loading and unloading test is carried out, whereinFigure 3 It is a model constructed according to the geometric similarity scale of the preset coal and rock mass similarity model, CL = 10. According to the geometric similarity ratio, the dimensions of the preset coal and rock mass similarity model are calculated as 3000mm × 2000mm × 400mm, and the dip angles of the rock layers are simulated as 0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, etc. Among them, the middle blank part is the roadway, and the stratified layers of different colors represent rock layers of different materials.

[0093] It should be noted that when constructing the preset coal and rock mass similarity model, the geometric similarity scale is the scale between the coal and rock mass to be measured and the preset coal and rock mass similarity model. The geometric similarity scale is the preset similarity ratio and can be set according to the actual situation, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0094] Step 102, perform stress flow calculation processing according to the stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock mass and the distribution characteristics of the in-situ stress field of the coal and rock mass, and obtain the static load stress flow vector and the dynamic load stress flow vector of the coal and rock mass to be measured.

[0095] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock mass at least include the static load stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock mass or the dynamic load stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock mass. Similarly, the distribution characteristics of the in-situ stress field of the coal and rock mass also at least include the static load in-situ stress field distribution characteristics of the coal and rock mass or the dynamic load in-situ stress field distribution characteristics of the coal and rock mass.

[0096] Among them, the static load stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock mass are obtained through static load uniaxial loading and unloading tests on the preset coal and rock mass masonry model, the static load in-situ stress field distribution characteristics of the coal and rock mass are obtained through static load biaxial loading and unloading tests on the preset coal and rock mass similarity model, the dynamic load stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock mass are obtained through dynamic load uniaxial loading and unloading tests on the preset coal and rock mass masonry model, and the dynamic load in-situ stress field distribution characteristics of the coal and rock mass are obtained through dynamic load biaxial loading and unloading tests on the preset coal and rock mass similarity model.

[0097] The dynamic load uniaxial loading and unloading test refers to the experimental processing process of adding a preset power device to the preset coal and rock mass masonry model on the basis of the static load uniaxial loading and unloading test. The preset power device, for example: a power hammer, etc. The dynamic load biaxial loading and unloading test is also a process of adding a preset power device to the preset coal and rock mass similarity model on the basis of the static load biaxial loading and unloading test.

[0098] By performing stress flow calculation processing through the static load stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock mass and the static load in-situ stress field distribution characteristics of the coal and rock mass, the static load stress flow vector of the coal and rock mass to be measured can be obtained. By performing stress flow calculation processing through the dynamic load stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock mass and the dynamic load in-situ stress field distribution characteristics of the coal and rock mass, the dynamic load stress flow vector of the coal and rock mass to be measured can be obtained.

[0099] Specifically, for an intuitive understanding of the static load stress flow vector and the dynamic load stress flow vector, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a schematic diagram for stress flow characterization, as Figure 4 shown. Among them, the static load stress flow is characterized by calculating the static load stress flow vector, and the spatial state of the dynamic load stress flow is characterized by calculating the outer envelope surface of the dynamic load stress flow vector.

[0100] Step 103: Perform data calculation and processing based on the dynamic load stress flow vector to obtain the outer envelope surface of the dynamic load stress flow vector, and determine the dynamic load stress flow lines according to the outer envelope surface.

[0101] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the outer envelope surface of the dynamic load stress flow vector refers to an envelope surface formed by the distribution of the stress flow vector in space under dynamic load conditions, which is usually used to describe the path and range boundary of stress transmission inside the material during the dynamic loading process. The dynamic load stress flow lines can be determined through the outer envelope surface.

[0102] Step 104: Determine the static load stress flow of the coal and rock mass to be measured according to the static load stress flow vector, and determine the dynamic load stress flow of the coal and rock mass to be measured according to the dynamic load stress flow lines.

[0103] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the static load stress flow is characterized by calculating the static load stress flow vector, and the spatial state of the dynamic load stress flow is characterized by calculating the outer envelope surface of the dynamic load stress flow vector.

[0104] Specifically, regarding the characterization of the static and dynamic load stress flows of the coal and rock mass, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a schematic diagram of a theoretical model for static load stress flow and dynamic load stress flow, as Figure 5 shown. Among them, the static load stress flow and the dynamic load stress flow of the coal and rock mass can be accurately determined through the static load stress flow vector and the outer envelope surface of the dynamic load stress flow vector.

[0105] The measurement method of static and dynamic load stress flow of coal and rock mass provided by the present disclosure obtains the stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock mass to be measured and the distribution characteristics of the in-situ stress field of the coal and rock mass. Among them, the stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock mass are obtained through uniaxial loading and unloading tests on a preset coal and rock mass masonry model, and the distribution characteristics of the in-situ stress field of the coal and rock mass are obtained through biaxial loading and unloading tests on a preset coal and rock mass similarity model. Stress flow calculation and processing are performed according to the stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock mass and the distribution characteristics of the in-situ stress field of the coal and rock mass to obtain the static load stress flow vector and the dynamic load stress flow vector of the coal and rock mass to be measured. Data calculation and processing are performed according to the dynamic load stress flow vector to obtain the outer envelope surface of the dynamic load stress flow vector, and the dynamic load stress flow line is determined according to the outer envelope surface. The static load stress flow of the coal and rock mass to be measured is determined according to the static load stress flow vector, and the dynamic load stress flow of the coal and rock mass to be measured is determined according to the dynamic load stress flow line. Compared with the related art, after obtaining stress-strain data through uniaxial compression tests and similarity simulation tests in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the stress gradient field and stress flow vector are calculated through the stress flow tensor characterization theory, revealing the stress flow characteristics of coal and rock mass under mining static and dynamic loads, and being able to reliably and accurately measure the static and dynamic load stress flow of coal and rock mass.

[0106] In an implementable manner of the embodiments of the present disclosure, as a refinement of the above step 101, when obtaining the stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock mass to be measured and the distribution characteristics of the in-situ stress field of the coal and rock mass, the following manner can also be adopted but is not limited thereto: uniaxial loading and unloading test processing is performed through the preset coal and rock mass masonry model to obtain the stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock mass. Among them, the preset coal and rock mass masonry model is a model pre-constructed to simulate the structural characteristics of the coal and rock mass to be measured. Biaxial loading and unloading test processing is performed through the preset coal and rock mass similarity model to obtain the distribution characteristics of the in-situ stress field of the coal and rock mass. Among them, the preset coal and rock mass similarity model is a model pre-constructed to simulate the material characteristics of the coal and rock mass to be measured.

[0107] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the uniaxial loading and unloading test processing is a test process of applying a uniaxial compression load to a preset coal and rock mass masonry model simulating the structure of the coal and rock mass to be measured and then unloading, aiming to study the mechanical behavior, deformation characteristics, strength, and failure mode of the coal and rock mass to be measured under uniaxial stress conditions.

[0108] The biaxial loading and unloading test processing is used to simulate and study the mechanical behavior and failure mechanism of the coal and rock mass to be measured under biaxial stress conditions, usually performed on a preset coal and rock mass similarity model made of similar materials to better understand the response of the actual coal and rock mass in underground engineering and mining activities.

[0109] In an implementable manner of the embodiments of the present disclosure, during the uniaxial loading and unloading experiment, it is necessary to perform data calculations based on the obtained experimental data to determine the stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock mass. To facilitate understanding of the determination process of the stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock mass, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a schematic diagram of the determination process of the stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock mass, as shown in Figure 6 shown, including:

[0110] Step 601, obtain the first strain data; wherein, the first strain data is the data obtained by simulating the self-weight stress of the rock stratum of the coal and rock mass to be measured and simulating the roadway support force of the coal and rock mass to be measured during the uniaxial loading and unloading test.

[0111] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, for the acquisition of the first strain data, the following methods can be adopted but are not limited to: Please refer to Figure 2 , when laying the preset coal and rock mass masonry model, first paste dynamic strain gauges or strain rosettes on the surface of small blocks, and then lay them. After laying, apply constant loads on the top and in the roadway at the same time. The top jack simulates the self-weight stress of the rock stratum, and the jack in the roadway simulates the support force of the coal body when the roadway is not excavated. At this time, the readings of the strain gauges and strain rosettes pasted inside the rock mass are the first strain data.

[0112] Step 602, obtain the second strain data; wherein, the second strain data is the data obtained by simulating the in-situ stress environment of roadways with different buried depths in the coal and rock mass to be measured during the uniaxial loading and unloading test.

[0113] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, for the acquisition of the second strain data, the following methods can be adopted but are not limited to: Please refer to Figure 2 , gradually change the support force of the jack in the roadway to simulate the unloading effect of roadway excavation, and then superimpose and change the pressure of the top jack to simulate the in-situ stress environment of roadways with different buried depths (simulate the in-situ stress environments at buried depths of 600m, 800m, 1000m, 1200m, etc. respectively). At this time, the changes in the readings of the dynamic strain gauges and strain rosettes pasted inside the rock mass are the second strain data.

[0114] Step 603, perform data calculation and processing based on the first strain data to obtain the initial in-situ stress field of the coal and rock mass to be measured, and perform data analysis and processing based on the initial in-situ stress field of the coal and rock mass to obtain the distribution law of the in-situ stress gradient zone of the coal and rock mass to be measured.

[0115] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the initial in-situ stress field of the coal and rock mass to be measured is calculated through the readings of the strain gauges and strain rosettes pasted inside the rock mass, and the distribution law of the in-situ stress gradient zone, that is, the distribution law of the in-situ stress gradient zone of the coal and rock mass to be measured, can be further calculated based on the initial in-situ stress field.

[0116] Step 604: Perform data analysis and processing based on the second strain data to obtain the data of the change in the internal stress field of the rock mass of the coal and rock mass to be measured, and perform data analysis and processing based on the distribution law of the in-situ stress gradient zone and the data of the change in the internal stress field of the rock mass to obtain the stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock mass.

[0117] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, through the reading changes (second strain data) of the dynamic strain gauges and strain rosettes pasted inside the rock mass, the change in the internal stress field of the rock mass can be calculated, and the stress distribution and change law in the high-gradient stress zone near the four corner points of the roadway, that is, the data of the change in the internal stress field of the rock mass, can be clarified.

[0118] Combined with theoretical analysis, by calculating the stress flow of the coal and rock mass (the distribution law of the in-situ stress gradient zone and the data of the change in the internal stress field of the rock mass) through the change of the stress gradient field, the stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock mass can be determined.

[0119] In a feasible implementation manner of the embodiment of the present disclosure, when performing the uniaxial and biaxial loading and unloading experiments, it is necessary to perform data calculation based on the obtained experimental data to determine the distribution characteristics of the in-situ stress field of the coal and rock mass. To facilitate the understanding of the determination process of the distribution characteristics of the in-situ stress field of the coal and rock mass, the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a schematic diagram of the determination process of the distribution characteristics of the in-situ stress field of the coal and rock mass, as Figure 7 shown, including:

[0120] Step 701: Obtain the third strain data; wherein, the third strain data is the data obtained after applying a load with a preset total load value to the preset coal and rock mass similarity model during the uniaxial and biaxial loading and unloading test.

[0121] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, for the acquisition of the third strain data, the following methods can be adopted but are not limited to: Please refer to Figure 3 , apply loads to the top, left and right sides of the preset coal and rock mass similarity model respectively by using hydraulic jacks and apply them to the preset total load value. At this time, the readings of the dynamic strain gauges, strain rosettes and force gauges buried in the preset coal and rock mass similarity model are the third strain data.

[0122] It should be noted that for the burial of the dynamic strain gauges, strain rosettes and force gauges in the preset coal and rock mass similarity model, preset burial rules need to be followed. Specifically, the present disclosure provides a schematic diagram of the layout of stress measurement points in the preset coal and rock mass similarity model, as Figure 8 shown, where a total of 48 stress measurement points are arranged. In the plan view, the layout pattern of the measurement points is 5 rows and 5 columns, where the upper two rows and the lower two rows are symmetric about the middle row, and the left two columns and the right two columns are symmetric about the middle column. The actual distances from them to the middle row and the middle column are as Figure 8(as shown in (a) (unit in the figure: mm); in the side view, the measuring points are distributed in two planes, and the distances from them to the boundary of the preset coal and rock mass similarity model are as Figure 8 (shown in (b) (unit in the figure: mm).

[0123] Step 702: Perform data analysis and processing on the third strain data to obtain the stress evolution law corresponding to the preset coal and rock mass similarity model.

[0124] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, through the readings of the stress measuring points, the formation and evolution laws of the stress field and stress gradient of the preset coal and rock mass similarity model during the loading process (the stress evolution law corresponding to the preset coal and rock mass similarity model) can be calculated in real time.

[0125] Step 703: Perform data calculation and processing on the stress evolution law through a preset similarity ratio to obtain the distribution characteristics of the in-situ stress field of the coal and rock mass, where the preset similarity ratio is the scale between the coal and rock mass to be measured and the preset coal and rock mass similarity model.

[0126] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, by inverse calculation according to the similarity scale (preset similarity ratio), the distribution characteristics of the true in-situ stress field of the coal and rock mass (the distribution characteristics of the in-situ stress field of the coal and rock mass corresponding to the coal and rock mass to be measured) can be obtained. The preset similarity ratio is the scale between the coal and rock mass to be measured and the preset coal and rock mass similarity model when constructing the preset coal and rock mass similarity model, and it can be set according to actual situations. The embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit it.

[0127] It should be noted that through the prefabricated geological structural plane model tests with different sizes and directions (i.e., the uniaxial loading and unloading tests performed through the preset coal and rock mass similarity model), the influence of different geological structures or coal seam structure characteristics on the in-situ stress field can be revealed, the essential reasons for the formation of the high stress gradient area of the coal and rock mass can be clarified, and the induction and blocking mechanisms of the structural factors on the stress flow of the coal and rock mass can be clarified.

[0128] In an implementable manner of the embodiment of the present disclosure, as a refinement of the above step 601, when obtaining the first strain data, it can also be implemented by but not limited to the following method: applying a pressure of a first preset pressure value to the preset coal and rock mass masonry model through a first preset pressure device, and applying a supporting force of a second preset pressure value to the roadway of the preset coal and rock mass masonry model through a second preset pressure device to obtain the preset coal and rock mass masonry model after the first strain; reading the data of the preset measuring device in the preset coal and rock mass masonry model after the first strain to obtain the first strain data.

[0129] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the first preset pressure device and the second pressure device are pressure devices set by customization. For example, they can be jacks, etc. The first preset pressure value and the second preset pressure value are pressure values set by customization and can be set according to actual situations. The preset measurement device is also a device set by customization. For example, it can be a strain gauge, a strain rosette, etc. Specifically, regarding the first preset pressure device, the second pressure device, the first preset pressure value, the second preset pressure value, and the preset measurement device, they can be set according to actual situations, and the embodiments of the present disclosure do not impose any restrictions.

[0130] In relation to the above embodiments, when obtaining the second strain data, it can also be achieved by, but not limited to, the following method: applying pressure to the preset coal-rock mass masonry model through the first preset pressure device according to the first application gradient, and applying a supporting force to the roadway of the preset coal-rock mass masonry model through the second preset pressure device according to the second application gradient, so as to obtain the preset coal-rock mass masonry model after the second strain; reading the data of the preset measurement device in the preset coal-rock mass masonry model after the second strain to obtain the second strain data.

[0131] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the first application gradient and the second application gradient are application gradients of forces set by customization. The first application gradient is to gradually increase the pressure, and the second application gradient is to gradually decrease the pressure, that is, gradually change (decrease) the supporting force of the jack (the second preset pressure device) in the roadway to simulate the unloading effect of roadway excavation, and then superimpose and gradually change (increase) the pressure of the top jack (the first preset pressure device) to simulate the in-situ stress environment of the coal-rock mass to be measured in roadways with different burial depths.

[0132] In an implementable manner of the embodiments of the present disclosure, as a refinement of step 701 above, when obtaining the third strain data, it can also be achieved by, but not limited to, the following method: applying a pressure of a preset total load value to the preset coal-rock mass similarity model through the third preset pressure device according to a preset load application method to obtain the preset coal-rock mass similarity model after strain; wherein, the preset total load value is obtained through data calculation using the preset similarity ratio and the total load value of the coal-rock mass to be measured; reading the data of the preset measurement device in the preset coal-rock mass similarity model after strain to obtain the third strain data.

[0133] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the third preset pressure device is a pressure device set by customization. For example, it can be a jack, etc. Specifically, regarding the third preset pressure device, it can be set according to actual situations, and the embodiments of the present disclosure do not impose any restrictions.

[0134] The total preset load value needs to be determined according to the on-site monitoring results of the in-situ stress in the rock burst mine, that is, the total preset load value to be applied to the preset coal-rock mass similarity model is determined according to the coal-rock mass to be measured. Specifically, data calculation is carried out according to the preset similarity ratio and the total load value of the coal-rock mass to be measured. For example, if the preset similarity ratio is 10 and the total load value of the coal-rock mass to be measured is 100 MPa, then the total preset load value is 10 MPa.

[0135] It should be noted that the total preset load value includes the total vertical load value and the total horizontal load value. That is, when applying the load to the preset coal-rock mass similarity model, the load will be applied in the vertical and horizontal directions of the preset coal-rock mass similarity model respectively (for example: applying the load with hydraulic jacks at the top and the left and right sides of the model, etc.).

[0136] Regarding the preset load application method, it is a custom-set loading method, which can be implemented by but not limited to the following methods: applying the load with hydraulic jacks at the top and the left and right sides of the model respectively, and the whole loading process adopts slow loading. The load application method of the model can be divided into four stages:

[0137] (1) Apply an initial load of about 1 MPa at the top and the left and right sides of the model respectively;

[0138] (2) Keep the horizontal loads on the left and right sides unchanged, and apply the top load to 50% of the predetermined total top load;

[0139] (3) Keep the vertical load at the top unchanged, and apply the horizontal load to 80% of the predetermined total horizontal load;

[0140] (4) Apply the top load and the horizontal loads on the left and right sides simultaneously to the predetermined total load (the total preset load value).

[0141] Specifically, regarding the preset load application method, it can be set according to the actual situation, and the embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit it.

[0142] In an implementable manner of the embodiments of the present disclosure, after measuring the static load stress flow and the dynamic load stress flow of the coal and rock mass, it is necessary to apply the static load stress flow and the dynamic load stress flow of the coal and rock mass to analyze the internal correlation between the stress flow, the fracture of the coal and rock mass to be measured, and the occurrence of rock burst. Regarding the application of the static load stress flow and the dynamic load stress flow of the coal and rock mass, it can also be implemented by, but not limited to, the following methods: obtaining first image data of the preset coal and rock mass masonry model during the uniaxial loading and unloading test, and second image data of the preset coal and rock mass similarity model during the biaxial loading and unloading test; performing data analysis and processing based on the first image data, the second image data, the static load stress flow of the coal and rock mass, and the dynamic load stress flow of the coal and rock mass to obtain the correlation between the strain of the coal and rock mass to be measured and the static load stress flow and / or the dynamic load stress flow of the coal and rock mass.

[0143] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the calculation results of the stress flow under static and dynamic loads are respectively combined with the model deformation and failure processes captured by the high-speed camera under static load test and dynamic load test to reveal the stress flow precursor characteristics before and after the fracture of the coal and rock mass under static and dynamic loads, and to clarify the internal correlation between the stress flow, the fracture of the coal and rock mass, and the occurrence of rock burst.

[0144] In summary, the embodiments of the present disclosure can achieve the following effects:

[0145] 1. After measuring and obtaining stress-strain data through uniaxial compression test and similarity simulation test in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the stress gradient field and stress flow vector are calculated through the stress flow tensor characterization theory, revealing the stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock mass under mining static and dynamic loads, and being able to reliably and accurately measure the static and dynamic load stress flow of the coal and rock mass.

[0146] 2. The embodiments of the present disclosure are powerful tools for deeply understanding the distribution of high stress gradient field, the formation and evolution law of stress flow of the coal and rock mass, laying an important foundation for the accurate prediction and prevention of rock burst during deep mining.

[0147] Corresponding to the above measurement method of the static and dynamic load stress flow of the coal and rock mass, the present invention also proposes a measurement device for the static and dynamic load stress flow of the coal and rock mass. Since the device embodiments of the present invention correspond to the above method embodiments, for the details not disclosed in the device embodiments, reference can be made to the above method embodiments, and no further elaboration will be made in the present invention.

[0148] Figure 9 The structural schematic diagram of a measurement device for the static and dynamic load stress flow of the coal and rock mass provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure is as Figure 9 shown, including:

[0149] The first acquisition unit 91 is configured to acquire the stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock mass to be measured and the distribution characteristics of the in-situ stress field of the coal and rock mass. Among them, the stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock mass are obtained through uniaxial loading and unloading tests on a preset coal and rock mass masonry model, and the distribution characteristics of the in-situ stress field of the coal and rock mass are obtained through biaxial loading and unloading tests on a preset coal and rock mass similarity model.

[0150] A calculation unit 92 is configured to perform stress flow calculation processing based on the stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock mass and the distribution characteristics of the in-situ stress field of the coal and rock mass, so as to obtain the static load stress flow vector and the dynamic load stress flow vector of the coal and rock mass to be measured.

[0151] The calculation unit 92 is further configured to perform data calculation processing based on the dynamic load stress flow vector to obtain the outer envelope surface of the dynamic load stress flow vector, and determine the dynamic load stress flow line according to the outer envelope surface.

[0152] A determination unit 93 is configured to determine the static load stress flow of the coal and rock mass to be measured according to the static load stress flow vector, and determine the dynamic load stress flow of the coal and rock mass to be measured according to the dynamic load stress flow line.

[0153] The measuring device for the static and dynamic load stress flow of the coal and rock mass provided by the present disclosure acquires the stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock mass to be measured and the distribution characteristics of the in-situ stress field of the coal and rock mass. Among them, the stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock mass are obtained through uniaxial loading and unloading tests on a preset coal and rock mass masonry model, and the distribution characteristics of the in-situ stress field of the coal and rock mass are obtained through biaxial loading and unloading tests on a preset coal and rock mass similarity model. Stress flow calculation processing is performed based on the stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock mass and the distribution characteristics of the in-situ stress field of the coal and rock mass to obtain the static load stress flow vector and the dynamic load stress flow vector of the coal and rock mass to be measured. Data calculation processing is performed based on the dynamic load stress flow vector to obtain the outer envelope surface of the dynamic load stress flow vector, and the dynamic load stress flow line is determined according to the outer envelope surface. The static load stress flow of the coal and rock mass to be measured is determined according to the static load stress flow vector, and the dynamic load stress flow of the coal and rock mass to be measured is determined according to the dynamic load stress flow line. Compared with the related art, after acquiring stress and strain data through uniaxial compression tests and similarity simulation tests, the stress gradient field and stress flow vector are calculated through the stress flow tensor characterization theory in the embodiments of the present disclosure, revealing the stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock mass under mining static and dynamic loads, and being able to reliably and accurately measure the static and dynamic load stress flow of the coal and rock mass.

[0154] Further, in a possible implementation manner of the embodiments of the present disclosure, as Figure 10 shown, the first acquisition unit 91 includes:

[0155] The first processing module 911 is configured to perform uniaxial loading and unloading test processing through the preset coal and rock mass masonry model to obtain the stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock mass; wherein, the preset coal and rock mass masonry model is a model pre-constructed to simulate the structural characteristics of the coal and rock mass to be measured.

[0156] The second processing module 912 is configured to perform biaxial loading and unloading test processing through the preset coal and rock mass similarity model to obtain the in-situ stress field distribution characteristics of the coal and rock mass; wherein, the preset coal and rock mass similarity model is a model pre-constructed to simulate the material characteristics of the coal and rock mass to be measured.

[0157] Further, in a possible implementation manner of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the first processing module 911 is further configured to:

[0158] Obtain first strain data; wherein, the first strain data is data obtained by simulating the self-weight stress of the rock strata of the coal and rock mass to be measured and the roadway support force of the coal and rock mass to be measured during the uniaxial loading and unloading test.

[0159] Obtain second strain data; wherein, the second strain data is data obtained by simulating the in-situ stress environment of roadways with different burial depths in the coal and rock mass to be measured during the uniaxial loading and unloading test.

[0160] Perform data calculation processing according to the first strain data to obtain the initial in-situ stress field of the coal and rock mass to be measured, and perform data analysis processing according to the initial in-situ stress field of the rock mass to obtain the distribution law of the in-situ stress gradient area of the coal and rock mass to be measured.

[0161] Perform data analysis processing according to the second strain data to obtain the change data of the internal stress field of the coal and rock mass to be measured, and perform data analysis processing according to the distribution law of the in-situ stress gradient area and the change data of the internal stress field of the rock mass to obtain the stress flow characteristics of the coal and rock mass.

[0162] Further, in a possible implementation manner of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the second processing module 912 is further configured to:

[0163] Obtain third strain data; wherein, the third strain data is data obtained after applying a load with a preset total load value to the preset coal and rock mass similarity model during the biaxial loading and unloading test.

[0164] Perform data analysis processing according to the third strain data to obtain the stress evolution law corresponding to the preset coal and rock mass similarity model.

[0165] Data calculation and processing are performed on the stress evolution law through a preset similarity ratio to obtain the distribution characteristics of the in-situ stress field of the coal and rock mass, where the preset similarity ratio is the scale between the coal and rock mass to be measured and the preset coal and rock mass similarity model.

[0166] Further, in a possible implementation manner of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first processing module 911 is further configured to:

[0167] Apply a pressure of a first preset pressure value to the preset coal and rock mass masonry model through a first preset pressure device, and apply a supporting force of a second preset pressure value to the roadway of the preset coal and rock mass masonry model through a second preset pressure device to obtain a first strained preset coal and rock mass masonry model;

[0168] Read the data of the preset measuring device in the first strained preset coal and rock mass masonry model to obtain the first strain data.

[0169] Further, in a possible implementation manner of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first processing module 911 is further configured to:

[0170] Apply a pressure to the preset coal and rock mass masonry model according to a first application gradient through the first preset pressure device, and apply a supporting force to the roadway of the preset coal and rock mass masonry model according to a second application gradient through the second preset pressure device to obtain a second strained preset coal and rock mass masonry model;

[0171] Read the data of the preset measuring device in the second strained preset coal and rock mass masonry model to obtain the second strain data.

[0172] Further, in a possible implementation manner of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the second processing module 912 is further configured to:

[0173] Apply a pressure of a preset load total value to the preset coal and rock mass similarity model according to a preset load application method through the third preset pressure device to obtain a strained preset coal and rock mass similarity model; where the preset load total value is obtained through data calculation by the preset similarity ratio and the load total value of the coal and rock mass to be measured;

[0174] Read the data of the preset measuring device in the strained preset coal and rock mass similarity model to obtain the third strain data.

[0175] Further, in a possible implementation manner of the embodiment of the present disclosure, as Figure 10 shown, the device further includes:

[0176] A second acquisition unit 94, configured to acquire first image data of the preset coal and rock mass masonry model during the uniaxial loading and unloading test, and second image data of the preset coal and rock mass similarity model during the biaxial loading and unloading test;

[0177] An analysis unit 95, configured to perform data analysis and processing according to the first image data, the second image data, the static load stress flow of the coal and rock mass, and the dynamic load stress flow of the coal and rock mass, so as to obtain the correlation between the strain of the coal and rock mass to be measured and the static load stress flow and / or the dynamic load stress flow of the coal and rock mass.

[0178] It should be noted that the foregoing explanation of the method embodiments also applies to the devices of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Since the principles are the same, they are not limited again in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0179] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the present disclosure also provides an electronic device, a readable storage medium, and a computer program product.

[0180] Figure 11 FIG. shows a schematic block diagram of an exemplary electronic device 1100 that can be used to implement the embodiments of the present disclosure. The electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a workbench, a personal digital assistant, a server, a blade server, a mainframe computer, and other suitable computers. The electronic device can also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as, a personal digital processor, a cellular phone, a smart phone, a wearable device, and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely examples and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present disclosure described and / or claimed herein.

[0181] As Figure 11 shown, the device 1100 includes a computing unit 1101, which can execute various appropriate actions and processes according to a computer program stored in a ROM (Read-Only Memory) 1102 or a computer program loaded from a storage unit 1108 into a RAM (Random Access Memory) 1103. In the RAM 1103, various programs and data required for the operation of the device 1100 can also be stored. The computing unit 1101, the ROM 1102, and the RAM 1103 are connected to each other through a bus 1104. An I / O (Input / Output) interface 1105 is also connected to the bus 1104.

[0182] A plurality of components in device 1100 are connected to I / O interface 1105, including: an input unit 1106, such as a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output unit 1107, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; a storage unit 1108, such as a magnetic disk, an optical disc, etc.; and a communication unit 1109, such as a network card, a modem, a wireless communication transceiver, etc. The communication unit 1109 allows device 1100 to exchange information / data with other devices via a computer network such as the Internet and / or various telecommunication networks.

[0183] The computing unit 1101 can be various general-purpose and / or special-purpose processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the computing unit 1101 include but are not limited to a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a GPU (Graphic Processing Units), various dedicated AI (Artificial Intelligence) computing chips, various computing units running machine learning model algorithms, a DSP (Digital Signal Processor), and any suitable processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. The computing unit 1101 executes the various methods and processes described above, such as the method for measuring the static and dynamic load stress flow of coal and rock masses. For example, in some embodiments, the method for measuring the static and dynamic load stress flow of coal and rock masses can be implemented as a computer software program, which is tangibly contained in a machine-readable medium, such as the storage unit 1108. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program can be loaded and / or installed onto device 1100 via the ROM 1102 and / or the communication unit 1109. When the computer program is loaded into the RAM 1103 and executed by the computing unit 1101, one or more steps of the method described above can be executed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the computing unit 1101 can be configured to execute the aforementioned method for measuring the static and dynamic load stress flow of coal and rock masses by any other suitable means (e.g., by means of firmware).

[0184] The various embodiments of the systems and techniques described above in this specification can be implemented in digital electronic circuitry, integrated circuit systems, FPGAs (Field Programmable Gate Arrays), ASICs (Application-Specific Integrated Circuits), ASSPs (Application Specific Standard Products), SoCs (System On Chip), CPLDs (Complex Programmable Logic Devices), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various embodiments can include: being implemented in one or more computer programs that are executable and / or interpretable on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which can be a special-purpose or general-purpose programmable processor that receives data and instructions from, and transmits data and instructions to, a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device.

[0185] The program code for implementing the methods of the present disclosure can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These program codes can be provided to a processor or controller of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that the program codes, when executed by the processor or controller, cause the functions / operations specified in the flowchart and / or block diagram to be implemented. The program code can be executed entirely on the machine, partly on the machine, as a stand-alone software package partly on the machine and partly on a remote machine, or entirely on the remote machine or server.

[0186] In the context of this disclosure, a machine-readable medium can be a tangible medium that can contain or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The machine-readable medium can be a machine-readable signal medium or a machine-readable storage medium. The machine-readable medium can include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatus, or devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of the machine-readable storage medium would include an electrical connection based on one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a RAM, a ROM, an EPROM (Electrically Programmable Read-Only Memory), or a flash memory, an optical fiber, a CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read-Only Memory), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0187] To provide for interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented on a computer having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (Cathode-Ray Tube) or LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) monitor) for displaying information to the user; and a keyboard and a pointing device (e.g., a mouse or a trackball) by which the user can provide input to the computer. Other kinds of devices can also be used to provide for interaction with the user; for example, feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form (including acoustic, speech, or tactile input).

[0188] The systems and techniques described herein can be implemented in a computing system that includes backend components (e.g., as a data server), or a computing system that includes middleware components (e.g., an application server), or a computing system that includes frontend components (e.g., a user computer having a graphical user interface or a web browser through which the user can interact with an implementation of the systems and techniques described herein), or a computing system that includes any combination of such backend components, middleware components, or frontend components. The components of the system can be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include: a LAN (Local Area Network), a WAN (Wide Area Network), the Internet, and a blockchain network.

[0189] A computer system may include a client and a server. The client and the server are generally far from each other and usually interact via a communication network. The relationship between the client and the server is generated by computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship with each other. The server may be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or a cloud host, which is a host product in the cloud computing service system, solving the defects of difficult management and weak business scalability existing in traditional physical hosts and VPS services ("Virtual Private Server", or simply "VPS"). The server may also be a server of a distributed system or a server combined with a blockchain.

[0190] Herein, it should be noted that artificial intelligence is a discipline that studies to make a computer simulate certain thinking processes and intelligent behaviors of humans (such as learning, reasoning, thinking, planning, etc.), and there are both hardware-level technologies and software-level technologies. Artificial intelligence hardware technologies generally include technologies such as sensors, dedicated artificial intelligence chips, cloud computing, distributed storage, and big data processing; artificial intelligence software technologies mainly include several major directions such as computer vision technology, speech recognition technology, natural language processing technology, and machine learning / deep learning, big data processing technology, and knowledge graph technology.

[0191] It should be understood that various forms of processes shown above can be used, reordering, adding, or deleting steps. For example, the steps described in this disclosure can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in a different order, as long as the desired results of the technical solutions disclosed in this disclosure can be achieved, and no limitations are imposed herein.

[0192] The above specific embodiments do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of this disclosure. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this disclosure shall be included within the protection scope of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A method for measuring static and dynamic stress flow of coal and rock mass, characterized in that: include: Obtaining the coal-rock mass stress flow characteristics and the coal-rock mass in-situ stress field distribution characteristics of the coal-rock mass to be measured; wherein the coal-rock mass stress flow characteristics are obtained by performing a uniaxial loading and unloading test on a preset coal-rock mass masonry model, and the coal-rock mass in-situ stress field distribution characteristics are obtained by performing a biaxial loading and unloading test on a preset coal-rock mass similarity model; Perform stress flow calculation processing according to the stress flow characteristics of the coal rock mass and the distribution characteristics of the in-situ stress field of the coal rock mass to obtain the static stress flow vector and the dynamic stress flow vector of the coal rock mass to be measured; Performing data calculation and processing according to the dynamic load stress flow vector to obtain an outer envelope surface of the dynamic load stress flow vector, and determining a dynamic load stress streamline according to the outer envelope surface; The static load stress flow of the coal rock mass to be measured is determined according to the static load stress flow vector, and the dynamic load stress flow of the coal rock mass to be measured is determined according to the dynamic load stress streamline.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method of obtaining the coal-rock mass stress flow characteristics and the coal-rock mass ground stress field distribution characteristics of the coal-rock mass to be measured includes: The uniaxial loading and unloading test is performed on the preset coal-rock mass masonry model to obtain the stress flow characteristics of the coal-rock mass; wherein the preset coal-rock mass masonry model is a pre-constructed model simulating the structural characteristics of the coal-rock mass to be measured; The biaxial loading and unloading test is carried out by using the preset coal-rock mass similarity model to obtain the distribution characteristics of the coal-rock mass in-situ stress field; wherein the preset coal-rock mass similarity model is a pre-constructed model that simulates the material characteristics of the coal-rock mass to be measured.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The stress flow characteristics of the coal rock mass obtained by performing uniaxial loading and unloading test processing on the preset coal rock mass masonry model include: Acquire first strain data; wherein the first strain data is data obtained by simulating the deadweight stress of the coal rock mass to be measured and simulating the roadway supporting force of the coal rock mass to be measured during the uniaxial loading and unloading test; Acquire second strain data; wherein the second strain data is data obtained by simulating the ground stress environment of tunnels with different burial depths in the coal rock mass to be measured during the uniaxial loading and unloading test; Performing data calculation processing based on the first strain data to obtain the initial geostress field of the coal rock mass to be measured, and performing data analysis processing based on the initial geostress field of the rock mass to obtain the distribution law of the geostress gradient zone of the coal rock mass to be measured; Data analysis and processing are performed based on the second strain data to obtain the rock mass internal stress field change data of the coal rock mass to be measured, and data analysis and processing are performed based on the distribution law of the ground stress gradient zone and the rock mass internal stress field change data to obtain the coal rock mass stress flow characteristics.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The distribution characteristics of the in-situ stress field of the coal-rock mass obtained by performing biaxial loading and unloading test processing on the preset coal-rock mass similarity model include: Acquire third strain data; wherein the third strain data is data obtained after applying a load of a preset total load value to the preset coal-rock mass similarity model during the biaxial loading and unloading test; Performing data analysis and processing according to the third strain data to obtain a stress evolution law corresponding to the preset coal-rock mass similarity model; The stress evolution law is subjected to data calculation and processing by a preset similarity ratio to obtain the distribution characteristics of the coal rock mass in-situ stress field, wherein the preset similarity ratio is the scale between the coal rock mass to be measured and the preset coal rock mass similarity model.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The obtaining of the first strain data comprises: Applying a pressure of a first preset pressure value to the preset coal-rock mass masonry model through a first preset pressure device, and applying a supporting force of a second preset pressure value to the tunnel of the preset coal-rock mass masonry model through a second preset pressure device, to obtain the preset coal-rock mass masonry model after a first strain; The data of a preset measuring device in the preset coal-rock mass masonry model after the first strain is read to obtain the first strain data.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The obtaining of the second strain data comprises: Applying pressure to the preset coal-rock masonry model according to a first applied gradient by the first preset pressure device, and applying a supporting force to the roadway of the preset coal-rock masonry model according to a second applied gradient by the second preset pressure device, to obtain the preset coal-rock masonry model after a second strain; The data of the preset measuring device in the preset coal-rock mass masonry model after the second strain is read to obtain the second strain data.

7. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The obtaining of the third strain data comprises: By means of a third preset pressure device, a pressure of a preset total load value is applied to the preset coal-rock mass similarity model according to a preset load application method, so as to obtain a strained preset coal-rock mass similarity model; wherein the preset total load value is obtained by data calculation based on the preset similarity ratio and the total load value of the coal-rock mass to be measured; The data of the preset measuring device in the preset coal-rock mass similarity model after the strain is read to obtain the third strain data.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that After determining the static load stress flow of the coal rock mass to be measured according to the static load stress flow vector, and determining the dynamic load stress flow of the coal rock mass to be measured according to the dynamic load stress streamline, the method further includes: Acquire first image data of the preset coal-rock mass masonry model during the uniaxial loading and unloading test, and second image data of the preset coal-rock mass similarity model during the biaxial loading and unloading test; Data analysis and processing are performed based on the first image data, the second image data, the static load stress flow of the coal rock mass, and the dynamic load stress flow of the coal rock mass to obtain the correlation between the strain of the coal rock mass to be measured and the static load stress flow of the coal rock mass and / or the dynamic load stress flow of the coal rock mass.

9. A device for measuring static and dynamic stress flow of coal and rock mass, characterized in that: include: An acquisition unit is used to acquire the coal rock mass stress flow characteristics and the coal rock mass ground stress field distribution characteristics of the coal rock mass to be measured; wherein the coal rock mass stress flow characteristics are obtained by performing a uniaxial loading and unloading test on a preset coal rock mass masonry model, and the coal rock mass ground stress field distribution characteristics are obtained by performing a biaxial loading and unloading test on a preset coal rock mass similarity model; A calculation unit, used for performing stress flow calculation processing according to the stress flow characteristics of the coal rock mass and the distribution characteristics of the in-situ stress field of the coal rock mass, to obtain the static load stress flow vector and the dynamic load stress flow vector of the coal rock mass to be measured; The calculation unit is further used to perform data calculation processing according to the dynamic load stress flow vector to obtain an outer envelope surface of the dynamic load stress flow vector, and determine the dynamic load stress streamline according to the outer envelope surface; The determination unit is used to determine the static load stress flow of the coal rock body to be measured according to the static load stress flow vector, and to determine the dynamic load stress flow of the coal rock body to be measured according to the dynamic load stress streamline.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: at least one processor; as well as a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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