Shield tunnel segment void detection device and detection method based on audio characteristics

Abstract

According to the shield tunnel segment void detection device and detection method based on the audio characteristics, by arranging an excitation device of a plurality of exciters on a pickup assembly in an array mode, original point-by-point detection of impact echo audio frequency is changed into surface detection, and therefore the detection efficiency is improved; when the void area behind the tunnel segment is large, the excitation device provided with the array exciter can pre-judge the trend of the void area boundary, so that an original large-area point-by-point detection method is changed into a targeted tracking movement and boundary searching adjustment detection method along the trend of the void area boundary. Therefore, the detection efficiency of the impact echo audio frequency is greatly improved, and technical obstacles are cleared for the application of the impact echo audio frequency to the detection of void and water leakage at the back of a subway tunnel segment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of detection of hollowing out and water leakage behind subway shield tunnel segments, and in particular to a shield tunnel segment hollowing out detection device and a detection method based on audio features. Background Art

[0002] As the main load-bearing component of the subway tunnel, the shield segment of the subway tunnel bears many loads such as vibration, surrounding rock pressure and groundwater pressure during operation. However, due to the influence of construction technology, operational vibration load and the location environment, after a period of operation, the shield segment will have hollowing out and water leakage behind it, causing the soil pressure behind the shield segment to change. In severe cases, it may even cause tunnel collapse, water gushing, mud gushing and other disasters, causing great harm to the safe operation of the subway tunnel. Especially under the geological conditions of the floodplain in Zhengdong New District, Zhengzhou, when there are saturated silt layers and silty clay layers, the above problems are more serious. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out engineering repairs for the hollowing out and water leakage behind the operating tunnel segments.

[0003] Before repairing the voids and water leakage behind the tunnel segments, it is necessary to first detect the voids behind the tunnel segments. In the article [Joint Detection of Voids and Water Leakage Behind Subway Segments and Three-Dimensional Forward Modeling], the use of ground penetrating radar and impact echo acoustic frequency (the equipment model is the STL-IAES-B impact echo acoustic frequency detector of Sichuan Shengtuo Testing Company) to detect voids and water leakage behind subway segments was discussed. The test results show that when using ground penetrating radar, the spacing of the steel bars in the tunnel segments (usually less than 0.2m) has a greater impact on the detection. When the spacing of the steel bars is 0.185m, as the size of the voids decreases, the detection of voids and water leakage behind the segments will be affected. The intensity of the reflected echo signal of the void defect gradually weakens, and the minimum identification size of the void is 0.15m. Only the approximate location of the void can be determined, but the shape and size of the void cannot be identified. When the steel bar spacing is 0.125m, the echo signal of the maximum void size of 0.25m cannot be identified. When the impact echo acoustic detection is used, the impact echo method has obvious detection effect on the segment model with thick thickness, built-in double-layer steel mesh, and dense defects, and can identify the size and location information of the defect. Therefore, it can be seen that the impact echo acoustic detection has a good detection result for the void condition behind the tunnel segment, and can be used for the detection of voids behind the tunnel segment and water leakage before the repair of the project.

[0004] However, the biggest problem with using impact echo acoustic detection for void and water leakage detection behind tunnel segments is that in order to ensure detection accuracy, the distance between measuring points (i.e., detection step length) is only 0.02 m. When detecting the position and size of the void area behind the tunnel segment, the detection efficiency is extremely low. In particular, when the void area behind the tunnel segment is large, since the existing detection equipment uses a single-point detection with a percussion hammer, it is impossible to predict the approximate position and direction of the void area boundary line. In order to accurately detect the void area boundary line, only a large-area point-by-point percussion detection method can be used, resulting in extremely low detection efficiency. Void and water leakage detection and engineering repair of subway tunnel segments in operation are strictly limited by the operating time window. Therefore, the extremely low detection efficiency of impact echo acoustic has become the main technical obstacle to its promotion and application in the field of void and water leakage detection behind subway tunnel segments. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the background technology, the present invention discloses a shield tunnel segment void detection device and detection method based on audio features, aiming to improve the detection efficiency of impact echo audio frequency in the void and water leakage behind the shield segments of subway tunnels, and clear the technical obstacles for the application of impact echo audio frequency in the detection of void and water leakage behind the shield segments of subway tunnels.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a shield tunnel segment hollowing detection device based on audio features, comprising a detection host and an audio collector, the detection host and the audio collector are connected by a cable, and a display device is arranged on the detection host; the audio collector comprises a pickup combination and an excitation device; the excitation device is fixedly arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the pickup combination, and a plurality of exciters are evenly distributed around the axis of the pickup combination in the excitation device; when the shield tunnel segment hollowing detection device is working, a plurality of exciters in the excitation device knock on the shield tunnel segment in turn to excite an audio signal, the pickup combination collects the audio signal, transmits it to the detection host for signal processing, and indicates the moving direction of the audio collector through the display device of the detection host.

[0007] Furthermore, a direction mark is provided on the excitation device.

[0008] Preferably, the audio collector also includes an indicating device, and the indicating device and the excitation device are stacked up and down and fixedly arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the pickup combination; a plurality of LED lights are evenly distributed around the axis of the pickup combination on the indicating device, and the LED lights and the exciters correspond one to one along the radial direction of the pickup combination; when the shield tunnel segment de-airing detection device is working, a plurality of excitation devices sequentially strike the shield tunnel segment to excite audio signals, the pickup combination collects the audio signals, and transmits them to the detection host for signal processing, and the detection host indicates the moving direction of the audio collector through the LED light of the indicating device.

[0009] Furthermore, the center distance between two adjacent excitation devices is less than 3 cm.

[0010] Furthermore, several actuators are electromagnetically driven or magnetostrictively driven.

[0011] Furthermore, the LED lamp is a single-color LED or a dual-color LED.

[0012] A detection method for a shield tunnel segment void detection device based on audio features, wherein at the beginning of tunnel segment void detection, an audio collector is attached to the surface of the shield tunnel segment to be detected area, and a search is performed in a horizontal or vertical direction with the radius of a pitch circle where a number of exciters are located as a step length to find the boundary line of the shield tunnel segment void area; when the boundary line of the shield tunnel segment void area is found, the tracking movement direction or boundary-finding adjustment direction of the audio collector is determined according to the LED light display status of a detection host display device or an indicator device; the audio collector repeats the tracking movement or boundary-finding adjustment in sequence, and finally determines the complete boundary of the void area of ​​the shield tunnel segment.

[0013] Furthermore, the method for determining the tracking movement direction of the audio collector is: constructing two envelope areas according to the lighting status of the LED lights of the detection host display device or the indicator device; when the areas of the two envelope areas are equal, the direction of the perpendicular line between the midpoints of the line connecting the geometric centers of the two envelope areas is the tracking movement direction of the audio collector; the step length of the tracking movement of the audio collector is the radius of the pitch circle where the several exciters are located.

[0014] Furthermore, the method for determining the boundary adjustment direction of the audio collector is: constructing two envelope areas according to the lighting status of the LED lights of the detection host display device or the indicator device; when the areas of the two envelope areas are not equal, the line connecting the geometric centers of the two envelope areas points from the larger area side to the smaller area side, which is the boundary adjustment direction of the audio collector; the step length of the boundary adjustment is 1.0-2.0cm.

[0015] Furthermore, the method for determining the boundary of the void area of ​​the tunnel segment is as follows: when the audio collector completes boundary finding and adjustment, two corresponding marking points are made on the broken tunnel segment according to the lighting status of the LED light of the detection host display device or the indicator device; after the void area boundary detection is completed, the center point of the line connecting all the corresponding two marking points is used as the void area boundary point, and the void area boundary points are connected in sequence with a curve to form a closed curve, and the area enclosed by the closed curve is the boundary line of the void area of ​​the tunnel segment.

[0016] Due to the adoption of the technical scheme as described above, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the shield tunnel segment void detection device and detection method based on audio features disclosed in the present invention, by arranging a plurality of exciters in an array on the microphone combination, changes the original point-by-point detection of the impact echo audio frequency into surface detection, thereby improving the detection efficiency; when the void area behind the tunnel segment is large, the excitation device provided with the array exciter can predict the direction of the void area boundary line, thereby changing the original large-area point-by-point detection method into a purposeful tracking movement and boundary-finding adjustment detection method along the direction of the void area boundary line, thereby greatly improving the detection efficiency of the impact echo audio frequency, and clearing the technical obstacles for the application of the impact echo audio frequency in the detection of voids and water leakage behind subway tunnel segments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the audio collector of Example 1; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the decomposition structure of the audio collector of Example 1; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the pickup assembly of the first embodiment; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the excitation device of the first embodiment; Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of an excitation device according to Embodiment 1; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the audio collector of the first embodiment; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the audio collector of Example 2; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the decomposition structure of the audio collector of Example 2; Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the indicating device of the second embodiment; Fig.10 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the indicating device of the second embodiment; Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the detection process of the shield tunnel segment void detection device based on audio features Figure 1 ; Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the detection process of the shield tunnel segment void detection device based on audio features Figure 2 ; Fig.13 Schematic diagram of the detection process of the shield tunnel segment void detection device based on audio features Figure 3 ; Fig.14 Schematic diagram of the detection process of the shield tunnel segment void detection device based on audio features Figure 4 ; Fig.15 Schematic diagram of the detection process of the shield tunnel segment void detection device based on audio features Figure 5 ; Fig.16 Schematic diagram of the detection process of the shield tunnel segment void detection device based on audio features Figure 6 ; Fig.17 Schematic diagram of the detection process of the shield tunnel segment void detection device based on audio features Figure 7 ; Fig.18 Schematic diagram of the detection process of the shield tunnel segment void detection device based on audio features Figure 8 ; Fig.19 Schematic diagram of the detection process of the shield tunnel segment void detection device based on audio features Figure 9 ; Fig. 20 Schematic diagram of the detection process of the shield tunnel segment void detection device based on audio features Fig.10 .

[0018] In the figure: 1. Pickup assembly; 1.1. Pickup; 1.2. Soundproof cover; 2. Excitation device; 2.1. Excitation device body; 2.2. Exciter; 2.2.1. Excitation coil; 2.2.2. Armature; 2.2.3. Connecting block; 2.2.4. Excitation hammer; 2.2.5. Spring; 2.2.6. End cap; 3. Indicator; 3.1. Shell; 3.2. End cover; 3.3. PCB board; 3.4. LED light; 4. Boundary line of the hollow area of ​​the pipe segment; 5. Green dot; 5.1. Green dot envelope area; 6. Red dot; 6.1. Red dot envelope area; 7. Line connecting the geometric centers of the envelope area; 8. Tracking movement direction; 9. Marking point; 10. Boundary adjustment direction; 11. Boundary point of the hollow area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention can be explained in detail by the following examples, and the purpose of disclosing the present invention is to protect all technical improvements within the scope of the present invention.

[0020] Embodiment 1: See the attached specification Figure 1-6 : A shield tunnel segment void detection device based on audio features, including a detection host and an audio collector, and an LCD display is provided on the detection host; see the attached manual Figure 1-2 :The audio collector includes a pickup assembly 1 and an excitation device 2; see the attached manual Figure 3The microphone assembly 1 includes a microphone 1.1 and a soundproof cover 1.2. The soundproof cover 1.2 is in the shape of a short ring with a bell at the lower end. The soundproof cover 1.2 is made of elastic rubber and is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the microphone 1.1. When the audio collector is used, the bell at the lower end of the soundproof cover 1.2 is attached to the surface of the shield tunnel segment. The audio signal excited by the knocking of the shield tunnel segment is collected by the microphone 1.1. The soundproof cover 1.2 isolates the external environmental noise and improves the audio quality collected by the microphone 1.1. See the attached manual for details. Figure 4 :The excitation device 2 includes an excitation device body 2.1 and an exciter 2.2. The excitation device body 2.1 is a short thick-walled tube made of aluminum alloy, with a connecting step on the upper end, and a plurality of radial top screw holes on the connecting step; the excitation device body 2.1 is sleeved on the outer cylindrical surface of the pickup combination 1, and axial positioning is achieved through the shaft shoulder on the outer cylindrical surface of the pickup combination 1, and the exciter is fixedly connected to the pickup combination 1 with a top screw through the top screw hole on the connecting step; the excitation device body 2.1 is evenly distributed around the axis with eight axially penetrating step holes, and the center distance between two adjacent step holes is 2.0 cm, and a triangular direction mark is provided on the upper end face of one of the step holes by laser marking; an internal thread is provided near the upper end of the step hole, and the exciter 2.2 is fixedly set in the step hole; see the attached manual Figure 5-6 : The two figures show an electromagnetically driven exciter 2.2 structure, the exciter 2.2 includes an excitation coil 2.2.1, an armature 2.2.2, a connecting block 2.2.3, an excitation hammer 2.2.4, a spring 2.2.5, and an end cap 2.2.6. The armature 2.2.2 is a short cylinder made of steel with a connecting head at the lower end; the connecting block 2.2.3 is a round sleeve made of copper; the excitation hammer 2.2.4 is a round rod made of steel with a connecting head at the upper end; the armature 2.2.2, the connecting block 2.2.3, and the excitation hammer 2.2.4 are arranged up and down, and the connecting heads of the armature 2.2.2 and the excitation hammer 2.2.4 are both inserted into the hole of the connecting block 2.2.3, with interference fit and fixed connection, to form an excitation hammer assembly; the excitation coil 2.2.1 includes a copper wire and a coil frame, and the copper wire is wound around the coil frame On the outside, a through hole is provided in the coil skeleton; the end cap 2.2.6 is provided with an external thread; the spring 2.2.5 is arranged at the lower part of the step hole of the excitation device body 2.1, and the excitation hammer assembly is movably arranged in the step hole of the excitation device body 2.1 in a downward manner with the excitation hammer head 2.2.4, the excitation hammer head 2.2.4 extends out of the lower end surface of the excitation device body 2.1, and the lower end surface of the connecting block 2.2.3 is in conflict with the spring 2.2.5; the excitation coil 2.2.1 is arranged at the upper part of the step hole of the excitation device body 2.1, the armature 2.2.2 of the excitation hammer assembly is movably arranged in the through hole of the coil skeleton, the end cap 2.2.6 is fixedly arranged at the uppermost end of the step hole of the excitation device body 2.1 by means of threads, and the lower end surface of the end cap 2.2.6 is in conflict with the upper end of the coil skeleton; the detection host is connected to the pickup 1.1 and the excitation coil 2.2.1 by cables; In the above-mentioned excitation device 2, the exciter 2.2 adopts an electromagnetic driving structure; in practice, a magnetostrictive driving structure or a mechanical driving structure can also realize the function of the exciter 2.2.

[0021] The working principle of the shield tunnel segment void detection device based on audio features is as follows: when detecting the void area on the back of the tunnel segment, the horn of the soundproof cover 1.2 at the lower end of the audio collector is attached to the initial detection position on the surface of the shield tunnel segment, and the triangular direction mark on the excitation device body 2.1 faces the upper end (to ensure that the position where the excitation hammer 2.2.4 hits the surface of the tunnel segment is consistent with the direction displayed on the display screen of the detection host), and makes a short stop; the detection host controls the excitation coils 2.2.1 in the eight exciters 2.2 to input a rectangular voltage in turn, and a pulse magnetic field is generated in the excitation coils 2.2.1 in turn. The armature 2.2.2 is driven by the pulse magnetic field, driving the excitation hammer combination as a whole to move downward rapidly in turn, and the excitation hammer 2.2.4 hits the surface of the tunnel segment, and the excitation tunnel segment is generated in turn. Eight audio signals, the microphone 1.1 collects eight audio signals in turn, transmits them to the detection host for signal processing, determines whether there is a void on the back of the tunnel segment knocking part corresponding to each excitation hammer head 2.2.4, and displays the test results of the tunnel segment knocking parts corresponding to the eight excitation hammer heads 2.2.4 on the LCD display screen of the detection host; for example, a green dot is displayed when there is no void on the back of the knocking part, and a red dot is displayed when there is a void, so as to intuitively determine whether there is a void area on the back of the tunnel segment knocking part; because when the shield tunnel segment void detection device based on audio features is working, the area swept by the audio collector along the straight line detection is a surface, compared with the previous audio collector along the straight line detection The area swept by the line is a line, so under the condition of the same moving step length, its detection efficiency is greatly improved.

[0022] A detection method for shield tunnel segment void detection device based on audio characteristics, with the instruction manual attached Figure 12-19 Take the following as an example to explain the process in detail: Figure 12-19 In the figure, the segment void area boundary line 4 is displayed, and the area surrounded by the segment void area boundary line 4 is the tunnel segment void area; at the beginning of the tunnel segment void area detection, the segment void area boundary line 4 is unknown; See the instruction manual Fig.12 : Initially detect the tunnel segment void area, preliminarily judge the possible location of the tunnel segment void area according to the tunnel segment water seepage, and determine the tunnel segment void detection start location; the operator holds the audio collector and attaches it to the surface of the shield tunnel segment detection start location, and searches along the horizontal detection line or the vertical detection line direction with the radius of the dividing circle where the eight exciters 2.2 are located as the step length; Supplementary explanation is: For the sake of simplicity, the attached Fig.12It is shown in the figure that the search is performed in the horizontal direction, and the search direction of the horizontal detection line just intersects with the boundary line 4 of the segment void area; however, when actually searching for the boundary line of the segment void area of ​​the shield tunnel, the initial search direction of the audio collector along the horizontal detection line (or vertical detection line) may not intersect with the boundary line 4 of the segment void area (for example, the initial search detection line direction may be above or to the left of the boundary line 4 of the segment void area). After the search of a horizontal detection line (or vertical detection line) is completed, it is necessary to move down one step (or move right one step) to search for the next detection line until the boundary line of the segment void area is detected. 4; In the above process, the area swept by the audio collector of the present invention along the straight line search is a plane, compared with the previous audio collector along the straight line search The area swept by the area is a line, so under the same moving step (2.0cm), its detection efficiency has been improved several times; In fact, since the exciters 2.2 of the present invention are distributed in a circular array, even if they are moved with a larger moving step (1 / 2-2 / 3 of the diameter of the pitch circle where the eight exciters 2.2 are located) during the actual detection process, it can still be ensured that the boundary line of the empty area falls within the circular array range of the exciters 2.2, so the actual detection efficiency will be higher; See the instruction manual Fig.13 : When the audio collector finds the boundary line of the hollow area of ​​the shield tunnel segment, the position of the hollow area boundary line 4 can be predicted through the ring array exciter 2.2 set on the audio collector and the display status of the detection host LCD display screen. Therefore, the audio collector can be used for tracking movement and boundary adjustment operations with a clear detection movement direction. Compared with the previous detection method of finding the boundary line of the hollow area of ​​the shield tunnel segment by vertical and horizontal marking and point-by-point detection, its detection efficiency is further greatly improved, so that when the impact echo audio detection is used for the hollowing and water leakage detection behind the tunnel segment, under the premise of ensuring the detection accuracy, the hollow area detection of the shield tunnel segment can still be completed for the running subway even under the condition of a limited operation time window, thereby clearing the technical obstacles for the application of impact echo audio in the hollowing and water leakage detection behind the subway tunnel segment; After the audio collector finds the boundary line of the shield tunnel segment void area, the specific method for determining the tracking movement and boundary-finding adjustment movement direction of the audio collector is as follows: the detection host LCD display screen shows that the tunnel segment knocking positions corresponding to the five excitation hammers 2.2.4 on the left are five green points 5, and the five green points 5 are connected in sequence by straight lines to construct a green point envelope area 5.1; the detection host LCD display screen shows that the tunnel segment knocking positions corresponding to the three excitation hammers 2.2.4 on the right are three red points 6, and the three red points 6 are connected in sequence by straight lines to construct a red point envelope area 6.1; because the areas of the green point envelope area 5.1 and the red point envelope area 6.1 are not equal at this time, the audio collector needs to perform a boundary-finding adjustment operation, and the boundary-finding adjustment direction of the audio collector is that the geometric center point of the green point envelope area 5.1 points to the geometric center point of the red point envelope area 6.1, which is the boundary-finding adjustment direction 10 of the audio collector shown in the figure; when the audio collector adjusts its position along the boundary-finding adjustment direction 10, the adjustment step length is 1.0-2.0cm; See the instruction manual Fig.14 : When the audio collector is adjusted after boundary-finding, the area of ​​the green dot envelope area 5.1 located on the upper left is equal to the area of ​​the red dot envelope area 6.1 located on the lower right, the direction of the vertical line of the midpoint of the line 7 connecting the geometric centers of the two envelope areas is the tracking movement direction 8 of the audio collector shown in the figure (it can be moved clockwise or counterclockwise, and this embodiment shows counterclockwise movement); when the audio collector moves counterclockwise along the tracking movement direction 8, the moving step length is the radius of the pitch circle where the eight exciters 2.2 are located; before the audio collector moves in tracking, the operator uses a marker to make two corresponding marking points 9 on the tunnel segment at the intersection of the extension line of the line 7 connecting the geometric centers of the two envelope areas and the outer circle of the excitation device body 2.1, and the center point of the line connecting the two marking points 9 is the demarcation point 11 of the void area; See the instruction manual Figure 15-19 According to the above method, the operator holds the audio collector and repeats the tracking movement and boundary adjustment in the shield tunnel segment to obtain a number of corresponding marking points 9 (see the attached manual). Fig. 20 , the attached figure does not fully show all the corresponding marking points 9 after the detection is completed), when the distance between the last obtained void area boundary point 11 and the initially obtained void area boundary point 11 is less than 2.0-3.0cm, the detection is completed; all void area boundary points 11 are connected in sequence with curves to obtain the void area boundary line 4, and the inner area surrounded by the void area boundary line 4 is the void area of ​​the shield tunnel segment.

[0023] In the detection method of this embodiment, two operators are required to cooperate in the operation, one is the audio collector operator, who holds the audio collector to perform detection on the shield tunnel segment; the other is the detection host operator, who observes the display status of the detection host LCD screen. The host operator communicates through language to guide the audio collector operator to hold the audio collector to perform tracking movement and boundary adjustment detection on the shield tunnel segment in turn.

[0024] Example 2, see the attached specification Figure 7-11 : In this embodiment, the audio collector also includes an indicator device 3, the indicator device 3 and the excitation device 2 are stacked up and down, and are fixedly arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the pickup assembly 1; the indicator device 3 includes a shell 3.1, an end cover 3.2, a PCB board 3.3, and an LED light 3.4; the shell 3.1 and the end cover 3.2 are both plastic parts, the shell 3.1 is an annular groove, the end cover 3.2 is an annular plate, and the plate surface is provided with eight through holes; the PCB board 3.3 is an annular plate (or a complete annular plate spliced ​​by semicircular annular plates), and the LED light 3.4 is red and green, and is welded on the PCB board 3.3; the shell 3.1 is through It is fixed on the upper end of the excitation device body 2.1 by bolts, the PCB board 3.3 is fixed in the annular groove of the shell 3.1 by screws, the end cover 3.2 is fixed on the upper end of the shell 3.1, and the LED light 3.4 passes through the through hole of the end cover 3.2, one-to-one corresponding to the exciter 2.2 along the radial direction of the pickup combination 1; in this embodiment, since the indicating device 3 is directly integrated on the audio collector, there is no need to set a direction mark on the excitation device. When the audio collector is hand-held, there is no need to consider the consistency between the hand-held direction of the audio collector and the display direction of the detection host display screen, so the operation is more convenient.

[0025] The detection method of the shield tunnel segment hollowing detection device of this embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, except that: when detecting the hollowing area of ​​the shield tunnel segment, whether the knocking part of the tunnel segment is hollow is directly displayed by the corresponding LED light 3.4 on the indicator device 3 (green for non-hollowing area, red for hollowing area). Therefore, the audio collector operator can operate according to the display status of the LED light 3.4 on the indicator device 3, eliminating the need for a host operator and language communication between the host operator and the audio collector operator, thereby further improving the efficiency of shield tunnel segment hollowing detection.

[0026] When the LED light 3.4 on the indicating device 3 is single color, the LED light 3.4 corresponding to the detected empty area is lit.

[0027] The parts not described in detail in this invention are prior art.

[0028] Those skilled in the art should understand that they can implement variations by combining the prior art and the above embodiments. Such variations do not affect the essence of the present solution and are not described in detail here.

[0029] It should be understood that the present solution is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods, and the structures and construction methods that are not described in detail should be understood to be implemented in a common manner in the art; any technician familiar with the art can use the above-disclosed methods and technical contents to make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present solution without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present solution, or modify it into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes, which does not affect the substantive content of the present solution. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present solution without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present solution still falls within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present solution.

Claims

1. A shield tunnel segment hollowing detection device based on audio features, comprising a detection host and an audio collector, wherein the detection host and the audio collector are connected by a cable, and a display device is provided on the detection host; wherein: The audio collector comprises a microphone assembly (1) and an excitation device (2); the excitation device (2) is fixedly arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the microphone assembly (1), and a plurality of excitation devices (2.2) are evenly arranged in the excitation device (2) around the axis of the microphone assembly (1); when the shield tunnel segment degassing detection device is working, the plurality of excitation devices (2.2) in the excitation device (2) sequentially strike the shield tunnel segment to excite an audio signal, the microphone assembly (1) collects the audio signal, transmits it to a detection host for signal processing, and indicates the moving direction of the audio collector through a display device of the detection host.

2. The shield tunnel segment void detection device based on audio features according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A direction mark is provided on the excitation device (2).

3. The shield tunnel segment void detection device based on audio features according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The audio collector further comprises an indicating device (3), wherein the indicating device (3) and the excitation device (2) are stacked up and down and fixedly arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the microphone assembly (1); a plurality of LED lights (3.4) are evenly arranged on the indicating device (3) around the axis of the microphone assembly (1), and the LED lights (3.4) correspond to the excitation devices (2.2) in a radial direction of the microphone assembly (1); when the shield tunnel segment de-airing detection device is working, the plurality of excitation devices (2) sequentially strike the shield tunnel segment to excite audio signals, the microphone assembly (1) collects the audio signals, and transmits them to a detection host for signal processing, and the detection host indicates the moving direction of the audio collector through the LED lights (3.4) of the indicating device (3).

4. The shield tunnel segment void detection device based on audio features according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The center distance between two adjacent excitation devices (2) is less than 3 cm.

5. The shield tunnel segment void detection device based on audio features according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The plurality of actuators (2.2) are electromagnetically driven or magnetostrictively driven.

6. The shield tunnel segment void detection device based on audio features according to claim 3 is characterized by: The LED lamp (3.4) is a single-color LED or a dual-color LED.

7. A detection method for a shield tunnel segment hollowing detection device based on audio features, characterized in that: At the beginning of detecting tunnel segment voids, the audio collector is attached to the surface of the shield tunnel segment to be detected, and searches in the horizontal or vertical direction with the radius of the dividing circle where the plurality of exciters (2.2) are located as the step length to find the boundary line of the shield tunnel segment void area; when the boundary line of the shield tunnel segment void area is found, the tracking movement direction or boundary finding adjustment direction of the audio collector is determined according to the LED light display status of the detection host display device or indicator device (3); the audio collector repeats the tracking movement or boundary finding adjustment in sequence, and finally determines the complete boundary of the void area of ​​the shield tunnel segment.

8. The detection method of the shield tunnel segment void detection device based on audio features according to claim 7 is characterized by: The method for determining the tracking movement direction of the audio collector is as follows: two envelope areas are constructed according to the lighting state of the LED lights of the detection host display device or the indicator device (3); when the areas of the two envelope areas are equal, the direction of the vertical line of the midpoint of the line (7) connecting the geometric centers of the two envelope areas is the tracking movement direction of the audio collector; the step length of the tracking movement of the audio collector is the radius of the pitch circle where the plurality of exciters (2.2) are located.

9. The detection method of the shield tunnel segment void detection device based on audio features according to claim 7 is characterized by: The method for determining the boundary adjustment direction of the audio collector is as follows: two envelope areas are constructed according to the lighting state of the LED light of the detection host display device or the indicator device (3); when the areas of the two envelope areas are not equal, the direction of the geometric center line (7) of the two envelope areas points from the larger area side to the smaller area side, which is the boundary adjustment direction of the audio collector; the step length of the boundary adjustment is 1.0-2.0 cm.

10. The detection method of the shield tunnel segment void detection device based on audio features according to claim 7 is characterized by: The method for determining the boundary of the void area of ​​the tunnel segment is as follows: after the boundary search and adjustment of the audio collector is completed, two corresponding marking points (9) are made on the broken tunnel segment according to the lighting state of the LED lights of the display device or the indicator device (3) of the detection host; after the void area boundary detection is completed, the center point of the line connecting all the corresponding two marking points (9) is used as the void area boundary point (11), and the void area boundary points (11) are connected in sequence with a curve to form a closed curve, and the area surrounded by the closed curve is the boundary line of the void area of ​​the tunnel segment.

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