A method for online monitoring and evaluation of the operating status of zinc oxide lightning arresters

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of arrester operation status monitoring, and specifically relates to an online monitoring and evaluation method for the operation status of a zinc oxide arrester, the steps of which include analyzing the external natural environment status of the zinc oxide arrester and the historical operation status of the zinc oxide arrester, obtaining the historical use status data of the zinc oxide arrester, obtaining the characteristic value of the zinc oxide arrester, judging whether the zinc oxide arrester can continue to operate and determining the zinc oxide arrester operation monitoring threshold, obtaining the zinc oxide arrester working characteristic data, and combining the zinc oxide arrester operation monitoring threshold to judge whether the zinc oxide arrester operation status is qualified. The present invention solves the problem that traditional inspection means cannot meet the requirements of the power system for real-time and automation, and the dynamic response capability is insufficient, which helps to better cope with the risk of power equipment failure in bioenergy facilities, realize the optimal allocation of resources, and at the same time extend the service life of the equipment and improve the stability of the system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of arrester operation status monitoring, and in particular relates to an online monitoring and evaluation method for the operation status of a zinc oxide arrester. Background Art

[0002] At present, bioenergy facilities play an increasingly important role in the power system, especially in the field of renewable energy such as biomass power generation and biogas power generation. During operation, these facilities also face challenges of power systems such as overvoltage, and the protection requirements for equipment are similar to those of conventional power systems. Zinc oxide lightning arresters, as key components to protect equipment from overvoltage damage, are also crucial in the field of bioenergy. However, existing zinc oxide lightning arrester monitoring technologies mostly rely on periodic manual inspections, which cannot meet the needs of bioenergy facilities for real-time and automated monitoring, especially in dynamically changing power systems. The responsiveness of this monitoring method is obviously insufficient.

[0003] Existing technologies often lack a comprehensive assessment of the real-time operating status of zinc oxide arresters when monitoring them. Especially in the bioenergy sector, this deficiency may lead to an increased risk of equipment failure and affect the stability and reliability of power supply. In addition, traditional monitoring methods make it difficult to detect potential hazards of arresters in a timely manner, resulting in an inability to respond in advance, thereby increasing the operating risks and maintenance costs of bioenergy facilities. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an online monitoring and evaluation method for the operating status of a zinc oxide lightning arrester, which helps to better cope with the risk of power equipment failure in bioenergy facilities and achieve optimal allocation of resources.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0006] An online monitoring and evaluation method for the operating status of a zinc oxide lightning arrester comprises the following steps:

[0007] Analyze the external natural environment state of zinc oxide arrester to obtain the characteristic signal of natural environment state;

[0008] Analyze the historical operating status of zinc oxide arresters to obtain historical operating status characteristic signals;

[0009] Obtain the historical usage status data of the zinc oxide lightning arrester, and obtain the characteristic value of the zinc oxide lightning arrester by combining the characteristic signal of the natural environment status and the characteristic signal of the historical operation status;

[0010] Based on the zinc oxide arrester characteristic value, determine whether the zinc oxide arrester can continue to operate:

[0011] If the zinc oxide arrester cannot continue to operate, a warning of dangerous operation of the zinc oxide arrester will be issued;

[0012] If the zinc oxide lightning arrester can continue to operate, then determine the zinc oxide lightning arrester operation monitoring threshold;

[0013] The working characteristic data of the zinc oxide lightning arrester are obtained, and the working characteristic factor of the zinc oxide lightning arrester is obtained based on the obtained working characteristic data of the zinc oxide lightning arrester. In combination with the operation monitoring threshold of the zinc oxide lightning arrester, it is judged whether the operating status of the zinc oxide lightning arrester is qualified.

[0014] Preferably, the process of obtaining the natural environment state characteristic signal is:

[0015] Obtain the external natural environment status data of the zinc oxide lightning arrester, including natural environment temperature, natural environment humidity, and natural environment wind speed;

[0016] Based on the acquired external natural environment state data of the zinc oxide lightning arrester, a natural environment state characteristic signal is obtained through comprehensive analysis, and the natural environment state characteristic signal is used as an analysis basis for obtaining the characteristic value of the zinc oxide lightning arrester.

[0017] Preferably, the process of obtaining the historical operating status characteristic signal is:

[0018] Obtain historical operating status data of zinc oxide lightning arresters, including historical operating overvoltage amplitude, historical operating overvoltage event frequency, and historical operating voltage fluctuation frequency;

[0019] Based on the acquired historical operating status data of the zinc oxide lightning arrester, a comprehensive analysis is performed to obtain the historical operating status characteristic signal, which is used as the analysis basis for obtaining the characteristic value of the zinc oxide lightning arrester.

[0020] Preferably, the historical operating status characteristic signal is obtained in the following manner:

[0021] ;

[0022] In the formula, is the characteristic signal of the historical operation status, gfz is the historical operation overvoltage amplitude, gpl is the historical operation overvoltage event frequency, bd is the historical operation voltage fluctuation frequency, , , are the compensation factors of gfz, gpl, and bd respectively, and e is a natural constant.

[0023] Preferably, the process of obtaining the characteristic value of the zinc oxide arrester is:

[0024] Obtain historical usage status data of zinc oxide lightning arresters, including the total number of years of historical use, the total number of historical failures, and the percentage of shell corrosion area in historical use;

[0025] Based on the historical usage status data of the zinc oxide lightning arrester, combined with the characteristic signals of the natural environment status and the historical operation status, a comprehensive analysis is performed to obtain the characteristic value of the zinc oxide lightning arrester. The characteristic value of the zinc oxide lightning arrester is used as the analysis basis for judging whether the zinc oxide lightning arrester can continue to operate.

[0026] Preferably, the characteristic value of the zinc oxide arrester is obtained by:

[0027] ;

[0028] In the formula, is the characteristic value of zinc oxide arrester, is the characteristic signal of the natural environment state, is the characteristic signal of historical operation status, ns is the total number of historical years of use, gz is the total number of historical failures, fss is the percentage of shell corrosion area in historical use, , , are the compensation factors for the set ns, gz, and fss respectively.

[0029] Preferably, the process of judging whether the zinc oxide arrester can continue to operate is:

[0030] comparing the zinc oxide lightning arrester characteristic value with the zinc oxide lightning arrester characteristic threshold value stored in the database;

[0031] If the zinc oxide arrester characteristic value is lower than the zinc oxide arrester characteristic threshold, the zinc oxide arrester corresponding to the zinc oxide arrester characteristic value cannot continue to operate, and a zinc oxide arrester dangerous operation warning is issued;

[0032] If the characteristic value of the zinc oxide lightning arrester is not lower than the characteristic threshold of the zinc oxide lightning arrester, the zinc oxide lightning arrester corresponding to the characteristic value of the zinc oxide lightning arrester can continue to operate, and the characteristic value of the zinc oxide lightning arrester is stored as a designated label, and the designated label is compared with each set label stored in the database to obtain the set label corresponding to the designated label, and the zinc oxide lightning arrester operation monitoring threshold corresponding to the set label stored in the database is obtained.

[0033] Preferably, the process of obtaining the working characteristic factor of the zinc oxide arrester is:

[0034] Obtaining zinc oxide arrester working characteristic data, including zinc oxide arrester leakage current, zinc oxide arrester flashover voltage deviation rate, zinc oxide arrester zinc oxide element temperature deviation rate;

[0035] Based on the obtained working characteristic data of zinc oxide lightning arrester, the working characteristic factor of zinc oxide lightning arrester is obtained through comprehensive analysis. The working characteristic factor of zinc oxide lightning arrester is used as the analysis basis for judging whether the operating status of zinc oxide lightning arrester is qualified.

[0036] Preferably, the working characteristic factor of the zinc oxide arrester is obtained by:

[0037] ;

[0038] In the formula, is the working characteristic factor of zinc oxide arrester, xdl is the leakage current of zinc oxide arrester, sdp is the flashover voltage deviation rate of zinc oxide arrester, wdp is the temperature deviation rate of zinc oxide element of zinc oxide arrester, , , They are the compensation factors of the set xdl, sdp, and wdp respectively.

[0039] Preferably, the process of judging whether the operating state of the zinc oxide arrester is qualified is:

[0040] Compare the zinc oxide arrester operating characteristic factor with the zinc oxide arrester operation monitoring threshold;

[0041] If the zinc oxide lightning arrester working characteristic factor is not lower than the zinc oxide lightning arrester operation monitoring threshold, the zinc oxide lightning arrester operation state corresponding to the zinc oxide lightning arrester working characteristic factor is qualified;

[0042] If the working characteristic factor of the zinc oxide lightning arrester is lower than the operation monitoring threshold of the zinc oxide lightning arrester, the operation state of the zinc oxide lightning arrester corresponding to the working characteristic factor of the zinc oxide lightning arrester is unqualified.

[0043] The formula calculation involved in the present invention can be performed by an electronic device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and the above-mentioned formula calculation is implemented by executing software through the processor.

[0044] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0045] The present invention can obtain the operating environment and usage of the arrester in real time through a comprehensive analysis of the external natural environment state and historical operating state of the zinc oxide arrester. It helps to accurately evaluate the health of the arrester, so as to make a judgment in advance when the equipment performance degrades or is about to fail, avoiding equipment failure at a critical moment. Based on the characteristic values ​​and historical data of the zinc oxide arrester, it can be judged in real time whether it can continue to operate. If it is judged that the equipment is not suitable for continued operation, the system will issue a dangerous operation warning. Early warning can help take preventive maintenance measures to avoid equipment failure and reduce downtime and maintenance costs. Through online monitoring and intelligent evaluation, it is possible to better cope with the risk of power equipment failure in bioenergy facilities, achieve optimal allocation of resources, and at the same time extend the service life of the equipment and improve the stability of the system.

[0046] The present invention obtains the zinc oxide arrester characteristic value by acquiring the historical use status data of the zinc oxide arrester, combining the natural environment state characteristic signal and the historical operation state characteristic signal, and can comprehensively reflect the operation health of the zinc oxide arrester by combining the historical use status data of the arrester with the external environment characteristics and the operation state characteristics. Not only can the performance of the equipment itself be considered, but also the influence of the external environment on the equipment can be reflected. By analyzing the obtained zinc oxide arrester characteristic values, the operation status and potential risks of each arrester can be accurately understood, so that the analysis results can be dynamically adjusted according to the actual status of the equipment and environmental changes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the method flow of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 A flow chart of the steps for judging whether the operating status of a zinc oxide lightning arrester is qualified. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for online monitoring and evaluation of the operating status of a zinc oxide lightning arrester includes: analyzing the external natural environment status of the zinc oxide lightning arrester to obtain a natural environment status characteristic signal.

[0051] The specific analysis process is as follows: obtaining the external natural environment state data of the zinc oxide arrester, including the natural environment temperature, natural environment humidity, and natural environment wind speed; based on the obtained external natural environment state data of the zinc oxide arrester, a comprehensive analysis is performed to obtain the natural environment state characteristic signal, and the natural environment state characteristic signal is used as the analysis basis for obtaining the characteristic value of the zinc oxide arrester.

[0052] Ambient temperature has a direct impact on the thermal performance of electrical equipment, the aging rate of insulation materials, and heat dissipation efficiency. A high humidity environment can easily cause electrical corrosion and insulation aging of zinc oxide arresters. Moisture seeping into the equipment may cause internal components to become damp, performance degradation, or even failure. In an overly dry environment, the equipment may overheat due to lack of proper cooling, thus affecting the normal operation of the equipment. Wind speed affects the heat dissipation capacity of zinc oxide arresters, especially for equipment operating outdoors. In a strong wind environment, dust, salt spray and other substances may be brought in, which may corrode the surface of the equipment or block the heat dissipation system, thus affecting the normal operation of the equipment.

[0053] The performance of zinc oxide arresters is significantly affected by external environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, etc. High temperature may cause aging of the internal materials of the arrester, humid environment may accelerate the degradation of insulation performance, and wind speed affects the heat dissipation effect of the equipment. By comprehensively considering these natural environmental factors, the actual working status of the arrester under different environmental conditions can be more accurately reflected.

[0054] The characteristic signals of natural environment status can provide a more comprehensive basis for the health assessment of equipment. When the ambient temperature is too high or the humidity is too high, the insulation performance of the zinc oxide arrester may be reduced, increasing the risk of equipment damage. Based on these characteristic signals, a more accurate judgment can be made on the health status of the arrester, thereby improving the fault warning and prediction capabilities. This allows equipment management to not only rely on static historical data, but also take into account the current environmental impact in real time.

[0055] The method of obtaining the characteristic signal of the natural environment state is as follows:

[0056] ;

[0057] In the formula, is the characteristic signal of the natural environment state, wd is the natural environment temperature, sd is the natural environment humidity, fs is the natural environment wind speed, , , are the compensation factors of wd, sd and fs respectively, and e is a natural constant. In this embodiment, each formula is normalized as needed during calculation.

[0058] Through real-time monitoring of environmental conditions, the impact of different climatic conditions on the arrester can be discovered in time, providing direct data support for the operating status of the equipment. Environmental factors have a direct impact on the performance of zinc oxide arresters. Extreme temperature changes may cause the insulation performance of the arrester to deteriorate. Understanding the environmental status helps to more accurately assess the health of the arrester. Monitoring environmental status characteristic signals can help identify potential failure risks. For example, a high humidity environment may cause the arrester to age or fail. Timely monitoring can provide early warnings and improve the safety of the equipment. With environmental status monitoring information, it can provide support for maintenance decisions.

[0059] The compensation factors are obtained from the database. For example, the natural environment temperature, natural environment humidity, natural environment wind speed and historical measurement are established based on historical data. , , The mapping set is used to obtain the compensation factors corresponding to the current natural environment temperature, natural environment humidity, and natural environment wind speed. The remaining compensation factors are obtained in the same way.

[0060] The historical operating status of the zinc oxide lightning arrester is analyzed to obtain the historical operating status characteristic signal.

[0061] The specific analysis process is as follows: obtaining the historical operating status data of the zinc oxide arrester, including the historical operating overvoltage amplitude, the historical operating overvoltage event frequency, and the historical operating voltage fluctuation frequency; based on the acquired historical operating status data of the zinc oxide arrester, a comprehensive analysis is performed to obtain the historical operating status characteristic signal, and the historical operating status characteristic signal is used as the analysis basis for obtaining the characteristic value of the zinc oxide arrester.

[0062] Overvoltage refers to voltage that exceeds the normal operating range, usually exceeding the voltage standard that the equipment can withstand. The historical operating overvoltage amplitude is the highest overvoltage value recorded. High-amplitude overvoltage will put pressure on the insulation performance and withstand voltage capacity of the lightning arrester. Long-term exposure to high-amplitude overvoltage environment may accelerate the aging or failure of the lightning arrester.

[0063] The frequency of historical operating overvoltage events refers to the number or frequency of overvoltage events experienced by power equipment over a period of time. A high frequency of overvoltage events may mean that the arrester is often under greater pressure, which may shorten its life, reduce its performance, or even fail to absorb overvoltage in a timely and effective manner.

[0064] The historical operating voltage fluctuation frequency refers to the frequency of voltage fluctuations in the power system, that is, the number of times the voltage rises and falls beyond the reference value within a period of time. High-frequency voltage fluctuations mean that the equipment often faces an unstable voltage operating environment, which may cause the equipment's working performance to decline or even damage the equipment.

[0065] Data such as historical operating overvoltage amplitude, frequency of overvoltage events, and voltage fluctuation frequency can reflect the electrical load conditions experienced by the equipment during long-term operation. For example, the occurrence of overvoltage events may have a significant impact on the insulation performance of zinc oxide lightning arresters, and voltage fluctuations will affect the stability of the equipment. Comprehensive analysis of these data can help to more comprehensively evaluate the electrical stress on the equipment and predict its possible degree of aging. Abnormal voltage events (such as overvoltage and frequent voltage fluctuations) are important omens of power equipment failure. Analysis of historical operating status data can help identify potential electrical problems. In particular, the amplitude and frequency of overvoltage are important bases for judging whether the lightning arrester is under frequent pressure. If these events occur frequently, the insulation material of the zinc oxide lightning arrester may be damaged, and preparations for maintenance or replacement should be made in advance. By analyzing historical overvoltage events and voltage fluctuations, the performance of the equipment under different voltage conditions can be obtained, thereby providing data support for the health status of the equipment. Through the combination of these data, the health status of the equipment can be more accurately evaluated.

[0066] The method for obtaining the historical operating status characteristic signal is as follows:

[0067] ;

[0068] In the formula, is the characteristic signal of the historical operation status, gfz is the historical operation overvoltage amplitude, gpl is the historical operation overvoltage event frequency, bd is the historical operation voltage fluctuation frequency, , , They are the compensation factors of gfz, gpl and bd respectively.

[0069] Analyzing historical operating data can identify potential failure modes and help predict future failures. This prediction enables measures to be taken in advance to avoid the impact of sudden failures on the power system. Through historical data, the performance of lightning arresters under different conditions, including their tolerance and effectiveness to overvoltage, can be evaluated to determine whether they need maintenance or replacement. Through the analysis of long-term operating data, trends in equipment performance, such as changes in aging rates or frequency of failures, can be discovered, which is crucial for equipment management. Analyzing the frequency and amplitude of historical events can formulate more reasonable operation and maintenance strategies and enhance the overall stability of the power system. Understanding the patterns of historical voltage fluctuations can better protect lightning arresters and related equipment and reduce the risk of damage caused by frequent overvoltage events.

[0070] The historical usage status data of the zinc oxide lightning arrester is obtained, and the characteristic value of the zinc oxide lightning arrester is obtained by combining the characteristic signal of the natural environment status and the characteristic signal of the historical operation status.

[0071] The specific analysis process is as follows: obtaining the historical usage status data of zinc oxide lightning arresters, including the total number of historical usage years, the total number of historical failures, and the proportion of historical shell corrosion area; based on the obtained historical usage status data of zinc oxide lightning arresters, combined with the natural environment status characteristic signals and the historical operation status characteristic signals, a comprehensive analysis is performed to obtain the characteristic value of the zinc oxide lightning arrester. The characteristic value of the zinc oxide lightning arrester is used as the analysis basis for judging whether the zinc oxide lightning arrester can continue to operate.

[0072] The total number of years of historical use refers to the total length of time from the zinc oxide arrester being put into use to the present moment, usually in years. It reflects the service life and years of use of the equipment, and helps to evaluate the service life of the arrester and the degree of aging of the equipment. The longer the equipment is used, the lower its performance and reliability may be, and the greater the risk of failure.

[0073] The total number of historical failures refers to the total number of failures of zinc oxide arresters during their historical use. Failures include all electrical failures, mechanical failures, damages, etc. that occur during the operation of the equipment. High-frequency failures may mean aging or design defects of the equipment, or indicate that the equipment has been exposed to harsh environments for a long time.

[0074] The historical use shell corrosion area ratio refers to the ratio of the area of ​​zinc oxide arrester shell corroded due to environmental factors (such as humidity, temperature, pollution, etc.) to the total shell area. It reflects the damage of the equipment shell. The higher the shell corrosion ratio, the longer the equipment is exposed to adverse environmental conditions, which may accelerate the aging of the arrester and affect its operating performance.

[0075] The total number of years of historical use, the number of failures, and the percentage of shell corrosion area can help to fully understand the use history and current status of the equipment. Combining these data with the external environment (such as temperature, humidity, etc.) and electrical operating status (such as overvoltage amplitude, voltage fluctuation, etc.) for analysis can more accurately assess the overall health of the zinc oxide arrester. The total number of historical use failures and the percentage of shell corrosion area are key indicators to measure the degree of damage to the zinc oxide arrester. If there are frequent failures or severe shell corrosion in historical use, it means that the equipment may have major hidden dangers. Combined with operating status characteristic signals, such as abnormal voltage events, it can help identify potential failure risks early. The decision to determine whether the zinc oxide arrester can continue to operate depends not only on the degree of aging of the equipment itself, but also on external environmental factors (such as temperature, humidity) and electrical shocks encountered during operation (such as overvoltage). By comprehensively evaluating these data, it can be ensured that the arrester continues to operate in a good health state to avoid safety accidents caused by equipment aging, corrosion and other problems.

[0076] The method for obtaining the characteristic value of zinc oxide arrester is:

[0077] ;

[0078] In the formula, is the characteristic value of zinc oxide arrester, is the characteristic signal of the natural environment state, is the characteristic signal of historical operation status, ns is the total number of historical years of use, gz is the total number of historical failures, fss is the percentage of shell corrosion area in historical use, , , are the compensation factors for the set ns, gz, and fss respectively.

[0079] Combining multiple factors can provide a more comprehensive assessment of the overall condition of the zinc oxide arrester, including its service life, failure rate, and the impact of the external environment on its performance. By understanding the percentage of shell corrosion area and its impact on equipment performance, maintenance resources can be allocated more reasonably, giving priority to equipment that is severely corroded or frequently fails. By analyzing historical data, high-risk equipment can be identified and appropriate measures can be taken to improve the safety and reliability of the entire power system.

[0080] Based on the characteristic value of the zinc oxide lightning arrester, determine whether the zinc oxide lightning arrester can continue to operate: if the zinc oxide lightning arrester cannot continue to operate, a dangerous operation warning of the zinc oxide lightning arrester is issued; if the zinc oxide lightning arrester can continue to operate, the operation monitoring threshold of the zinc oxide lightning arrester is determined.

[0081] The specific analysis process is as follows: compare the zinc oxide arrester characteristic value with the zinc oxide arrester characteristic threshold stored in the database; if the zinc oxide arrester characteristic value is lower than the zinc oxide arrester characteristic threshold, the zinc oxide arrester corresponding to the zinc oxide arrester characteristic value cannot continue to operate, and a zinc oxide arrester dangerous operation warning is issued; if the zinc oxide arrester characteristic value is not lower than the zinc oxide arrester characteristic threshold, the zinc oxide arrester corresponding to the zinc oxide arrester characteristic value can continue to operate, and the zinc oxide arrester characteristic value is stored as a designated label, and the designated label is compared with each set label stored in the database to obtain the set label corresponding to the designated label, and obtain the zinc oxide arrester operation monitoring threshold corresponding to the set label stored in the database.

[0082] By comparing the actual zinc oxide arrester characteristic value with the preset characteristic threshold, the current health status of the equipment can be judged more accurately. If the characteristic value is lower than the threshold, the system can issue a dangerous operation warning in time to prompt the maintenance personnel to take action. If the characteristic value of the equipment is not lower than the threshold, the system can allow the equipment to continue to operate. Intelligent decision support can be achieved by storing the characteristic value as a specified tag and comparing it with each set tag stored in the database. The system will automatically select the corresponding tag based on the real-time device data and make a judgment against the set standard threshold. This intelligent analysis reduces manual intervention and improves the efficiency and accuracy of decision-making. Setting tags and monitoring thresholds can be customized according to the working environment, service life, historical faults and other characteristics of different equipment. Different zinc oxide arresters may have different usage requirements and operating environments. Setting tags and monitoring thresholds can provide personalized monitoring and warnings for different equipment states.

[0083] The working characteristic data of the zinc oxide lightning arrester are obtained, and the working characteristic factor of the zinc oxide lightning arrester is obtained based on the obtained working characteristic data of the zinc oxide lightning arrester. In combination with the operation monitoring threshold of the zinc oxide lightning arrester, it is judged whether the operating status of the zinc oxide lightning arrester is qualified.

[0084] The specific analysis process is as follows: obtaining the working characteristic data of the zinc oxide arrester, including the leakage current of the zinc oxide arrester, the flashover voltage deviation rate of the zinc oxide arrester, and the temperature deviation rate of the zinc oxide element of the zinc oxide arrester; based on the obtained working characteristic data of the zinc oxide arrester, a comprehensive analysis is performed to obtain the working characteristic factor of the zinc oxide arrester, and the working characteristic factor of the zinc oxide arrester is used as the analysis basis for judging whether the operating status of the zinc oxide arrester is qualified.

[0085] Leakage current refers to the current leakage phenomenon that occurs in the casing or other parts (usually the metal casing) of the zinc oxide arrester under normal working conditions due to some reasons (such as aging or pollution of the insulating material). Leakage current is usually a small current generated when the arrester is subjected to high voltage. If the leakage current of the zinc oxide arrester is too large, it usually means that the insulation performance inside the arrester has degraded, and there may be a risk of equipment damage or imminent failure. Excessive leakage current will reduce the protection effect of the equipment and affect its normal operation.

[0086] Flashover voltage refers to the voltage value at which the zinc oxide element in the zinc oxide arrester begins to conduct and discharge current through the arrester when the zinc oxide arrester is subjected to overvoltage. The flashover voltage deviation rate reflects whether the flashover voltage of the zinc oxide arrester deviates from its design standard. If the deviation is large, it may mean that the performance of the zinc oxide arrester has changed. The flashover voltage may drop due to factors such as aging of the zinc oxide element, climate and environmental influences, and external electrical shocks, thereby affecting the protection capability of the arrester.

[0087] The temperature deviation rate of zinc oxide components refers to the ratio of the difference between the actual measured working temperature of zinc oxide components and their designed working temperature to the designed temperature. When the zinc oxide components of zinc oxide arresters are working, they will generate heat due to the flow of current, causing the temperature to rise. The increase in the temperature deviation rate will affect the performance of zinc oxide components and may cause damage or aging of zinc oxide materials, thereby affecting the voltage limit and discharge capacity of the arrester.

[0088] Leakage current, flashover voltage deviation rate and zinc oxide element temperature deviation rate are key indicators that reflect the working status of zinc oxide arresters. By acquiring these data in real time, the operating status of the arrester can be continuously monitored, potential problems can be discovered in time, and the equipment can be prevented from failing to respond in time when a fault occurs. Changes in leakage current, flashover voltage deviation rate and zinc oxide element temperature deviation rate can reflect whether the equipment is in an abnormal operating state. By comprehensively analyzing these data, potential risks in equipment operation can be identified in advance and fault warnings can be issued in time. By analyzing the working characteristic factors of zinc oxide arresters (such as leakage current, flashover voltage deviation rate, zinc oxide element temperature deviation rate), it is possible to more objectively determine whether the equipment is within the normal operating range. If these factors exceed the set safety threshold, it means that the equipment may be at risk of failure or damage. The deviation rate refers to the ratio of the absolute value of the difference between the actual value and the reference value to the reference value.

[0089] The method for obtaining the working characteristic factor of zinc oxide arrester is:

[0090] ;

[0091] In the formula, is the working characteristic factor of zinc oxide arrester, xdl is the leakage current of zinc oxide arrester, sdp is the flashover voltage deviation rate of zinc oxide arrester, wdp is the temperature deviation rate of zinc oxide element of zinc oxide arrester, , , They are the compensation factors of the set xdl, sdp, and wdp respectively.

[0092] By monitoring the leakage current and flashover voltage deviation rate, the working status of the arrester can be understood in real time, potential problems can be discovered in time, and the equipment can be ensured to operate within a safe range. High leakage current or abnormal flashover voltage deviation rate is often an early sign of a fault. By monitoring these characteristic factors, timely fault warning can be achieved to prevent serious problems in the equipment. Analyzing these factors can evaluate the gap between the actual performance of the arrester and the design standards, and determine whether it is in good working condition or needs maintenance or replacement. The deviation rate of the zinc oxide element temperature can reveal the impact of environmental changes on the performance of the arrester, so as to better understand the role of temperature on the arrester's tolerance and improve the adaptability of the equipment. Monitoring to ensure that the arrester operates within its working range can greatly improve the safety of the power system and avoid equipment damage or power outages due to arrester failures.

[0093] like Figure 2 As shown, the specific analysis process is: compare the working characteristic factor of the zinc oxide lightning arrester with the operation monitoring threshold of the zinc oxide lightning arrester; if the working characteristic factor of the zinc oxide lightning arrester is not lower than the operation monitoring threshold of the zinc oxide lightning arrester, the operation state of the zinc oxide lightning arrester corresponding to the working characteristic factor of the zinc oxide lightning arrester is qualified; if the working characteristic factor of the zinc oxide lightning arrester is lower than the operation monitoring threshold of the zinc oxide lightning arrester, the operation state of the zinc oxide lightning arrester corresponding to the working characteristic factor of the zinc oxide lightning arrester is unqualified.

[0094] By comparing the working characteristic factor with the set operation monitoring threshold, the working status of the zinc oxide lightning arrester can be monitored in real time, and potential operation problems or hidden faults can be discovered in time. If the working characteristic factor is lower than the threshold, the system can issue an early warning to remind you to take appropriate maintenance or replacement measures to avoid equipment failure or accidents. By comparing with the operation monitoring threshold, the system can automatically evaluate the working status of the zinc oxide lightning arrester and reduce the need for manual inspection. This automated monitoring can detect anomalies more promptly and improve the accuracy and efficiency of equipment operation monitoring. It can ensure that the zinc oxide lightning arrester is always maintained in a qualified state during operation. Only when the working status is unqualified will the alarm be triggered and maintenance or shutdown will be carried out to avoid more serious damage due to delayed processing.

[0095] The online monitoring and evaluation method of this embodiment is described by a specific example:

[0096] Natural environment temperature (wd): 25°C, natural environment humidity (sd): 60%, natural environment wind speed (fs): 3m / s, compensation factor of wd: 0.8, compensation factor of sd: 0.6, compensation factor of fs: 0.5, the calculated natural environment state characteristic signal is 6.368.

[0097] Historical operating overvoltage amplitude (gfz): 500V, historical operating overvoltage event frequency (gpl): 10 times / month, historical operating voltage fluctuation frequency (bd): 5 times / week, compensation factor of gfz: 0.7, compensation factor of gpl: 0.5, compensation factor of bd: 0.4, the calculated historical operating status characteristic signal is 153.52.

[0098] Total number of historical years of use (NS): 5 years, total number of historical failures (GZ): 3 times, historical shell corrosion area ratio (FSS): 10%, compensation factor of NS: 0.6, compensation factor of GZ: 0.3, compensation factor of FSS: 0.2, the calculated characteristic value of the zinc oxide lightning arrester is 169.983, the characteristic threshold of the zinc oxide lightning arrester stored in the database is 150, the calculated characteristic value of the zinc oxide lightning arrester (169.983) is greater than the characteristic threshold of 150, so the zinc oxide lightning arrester can continue to operate, and the zinc oxide lightning arrester characteristic value is stored as a specified label, and the specified label is compared with each set label stored in the database to obtain the corresponding set label, and then the zinc oxide lightning arrester operation monitoring threshold corresponding to the set label is obtained as 0.5.

[0099] Leakage current of zinc oxide lightning arrester (XDL): 0.5mA, flashover voltage deviation rate of zinc oxide lightning arrester (SDP): 5%, temperature deviation rate of zinc oxide element of zinc oxide lightning arrester (WDP): 8%, compensation factor of XDL: 0.4, compensation factor of SDP: 0.3, compensation factor of WDP: 0.2, the calculated working characteristic factor of zinc oxide lightning arrester is 0.390. Because 0.390 is less than 0.5, the operating status of the zinc oxide lightning arrester is unqualified. The system should issue an early warning to remind people to take corresponding maintenance or replacement measures.

Claims

1. A method for online monitoring and evaluation of the operating status of a zinc oxide lightning arrester, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Analyze the external natural environment state of the zinc oxide arrester to obtain the characteristic signal of the natural environment state; The process of obtaining the natural environment state characteristic signal is as follows: Obtain the external natural environment status data of the zinc oxide lightning arrester, including natural environment temperature, natural environment humidity, and natural environment wind speed; Based on the acquired external natural environment state data of zinc oxide lightning arrester, a natural environment state characteristic signal is obtained through comprehensive analysis, and the natural environment state characteristic signal is used as an analysis basis for obtaining the characteristic value of zinc oxide lightning arrester; The method of obtaining the characteristic signal of the natural environment state is as follows: ； In the formula, is the characteristic signal of the natural environment state, wd is the natural environment temperature, sd is the natural environment humidity, fs is the natural environment wind speed, , , are the compensation factors of wd, sd, and fs respectively, and e is a natural constant; Analyze the historical operating status of zinc oxide arresters to obtain historical operating status characteristic signals; The process of obtaining the historical operating status characteristic signal is as follows: Obtain historical operating status data of zinc oxide lightning arresters, including historical operating overvoltage amplitude, historical operating overvoltage event frequency, and historical operating voltage fluctuation frequency; Based on the acquired historical operation status data of zinc oxide lightning arrester, the historical operation status characteristic signal is obtained through comprehensive analysis, and the historical operation status characteristic signal is used as the analysis basis for obtaining the characteristic value of zinc oxide lightning arrester; The method for acquiring the historical operating status characteristic signal is as follows: ； In the formula, is the characteristic signal of the historical operation status, gfz is the historical operation overvoltage amplitude, gpl is the historical operation overvoltage event frequency, bd is the historical operation voltage fluctuation frequency, , , are the compensation factors of gfz, gpl and bd respectively; Obtain the historical usage status data of the zinc oxide lightning arrester, and obtain the characteristic value of the zinc oxide lightning arrester by combining the characteristic signal of the natural environment status and the characteristic signal of the historical operation status; The process of obtaining the characteristic value of the zinc oxide arrester is as follows: Obtain historical usage status data of zinc oxide lightning arresters, including the total number of years of historical use, the total number of historical failures, and the percentage of shell corrosion area in historical use; Based on the historical usage status data of zinc oxide lightning arresters, combined with the natural environment status characteristic signals and historical operation status characteristic signals, a comprehensive analysis is performed to obtain the characteristic value of zinc oxide lightning arresters. The characteristic value of zinc oxide lightning arresters is used as the analysis basis for judging whether the zinc oxide lightning arresters can continue to operate. The method for obtaining the characteristic value of the zinc oxide arrester is: ； In the formula, is the characteristic value of zinc oxide arrester, is the characteristic signal of the natural environment state, is the characteristic signal of historical operation status, ns is the total number of historical years of use, gz is the total number of historical failures, fss is the percentage of shell corrosion area in historical use, , , are the compensation factors of the set ns, gz, and fss respectively; Based on the zinc oxide arrester characteristic value, determine whether the zinc oxide arrester can continue to operate: If the zinc oxide arrester cannot continue to operate, a zinc oxide arrester dangerous operation warning will be issued; If the zinc oxide lightning arrester can continue to operate, then determine the zinc oxide lightning arrester operation monitoring threshold; The working characteristic data of the zinc oxide lightning arrester are obtained, and the working characteristic factor of the zinc oxide lightning arrester is obtained based on the obtained working characteristic data of the zinc oxide lightning arrester. In combination with the operation monitoring threshold of the zinc oxide lightning arrester, it is judged whether the operating status of the zinc oxide lightning arrester is qualified.

2. The method for online monitoring and evaluation of the operating status of a zinc oxide lightning arrester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of judging whether the zinc oxide arrester can continue to operate is as follows: comparing the zinc oxide lightning arrester characteristic value with the zinc oxide lightning arrester characteristic threshold value stored in the database; If the zinc oxide arrester characteristic value is lower than the zinc oxide arrester characteristic threshold, the zinc oxide arrester corresponding to the zinc oxide arrester characteristic value cannot continue to operate, and a zinc oxide arrester dangerous operation warning is issued; If the characteristic value of the zinc oxide lightning arrester is not lower than the characteristic threshold of the zinc oxide lightning arrester, the zinc oxide lightning arrester corresponding to the characteristic value of the zinc oxide lightning arrester can continue to operate, and the characteristic value of the zinc oxide lightning arrester is stored as a designated label, and the designated label is compared with each set label stored in the database to obtain the set label corresponding to the designated label, and the zinc oxide lightning arrester operation monitoring threshold corresponding to the set label stored in the database is obtained.

3. The method for online monitoring and evaluation of the operating status of a zinc oxide lightning arrester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of obtaining the working characteristic factor of the zinc oxide arrester is as follows: Obtaining zinc oxide arrester working characteristic data, including zinc oxide arrester leakage current, zinc oxide arrester flashover voltage deviation rate, zinc oxide arrester zinc oxide element temperature deviation rate; Based on the obtained working characteristic data of zinc oxide lightning arrester, the working characteristic factor of zinc oxide lightning arrester is obtained through comprehensive analysis. The working characteristic factor of zinc oxide lightning arrester is used as the analysis basis for judging whether the operating status of zinc oxide lightning arrester is qualified.

4. The method for online monitoring and evaluation of the operating status of a zinc oxide lightning arrester according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The method for obtaining the working characteristic factor of the zinc oxide arrester is: ； In the formula, is the working characteristic factor of zinc oxide arrester, xdl is the leakage current of zinc oxide arrester, sdp is the flashover voltage deviation rate of zinc oxide arrester, wdp is the temperature deviation rate of zinc oxide element of zinc oxide arrester, , , They are the compensation factors of the set xdl, sdp, and wdp respectively.

5. The method for online monitoring and evaluation of the operating status of a zinc oxide lightning arrester according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The process of judging whether the zinc oxide arrester is in good condition is as follows: Compare the zinc oxide arrester operating characteristic factor with the zinc oxide arrester operation monitoring threshold; If the zinc oxide lightning arrester working characteristic factor is not lower than the zinc oxide lightning arrester operation monitoring threshold, the zinc oxide lightning arrester operation state corresponding to the zinc oxide lightning arrester working characteristic factor is qualified; If the working characteristic factor of the zinc oxide lightning arrester is lower than the operation monitoring threshold of the zinc oxide lightning arrester, the operation state of the zinc oxide lightning arrester corresponding to the working characteristic factor of the zinc oxide lightning arrester is unqualified.

Images