Hand-held onion harvesting equipment for hilly and mountainous areas and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides hand-held onion harvesting equipment for hilly and mountainous areas and a control method thereof. The hand-held onion harvesting equipment comprises a root cutting and conveying device, a top leaf removing device, a leaf stalk removing and conveying device, a harvesting frame, a walking chassis device and a hand-held device, the top leaf removing device is located above the tail end of the root cutting conveying device, the petiole removing conveying device is located behind the root cutting conveying device and the top leaf removing device, and the harvesting frame is located behind the petiole removing conveying device. The root cutting and conveying device is used for cutting the roots of the onions and conveying the onions to the petiole removing and conveying device through the top leaf removing device; the top leaf removing device is used for removing leaves at the tops of the cut onions; the petiole removing and conveying device is used for removing redundant petioles of the onions and continuously conveying the onions backwards to the harvesting frame. According to the onion harvester, the functions of cutting, conveying, leaf removing, field returning, harvesting and the like of onions are achieved, a plurality of procedures are integrated, follow-up treatment is reduced, the impurity rate of the onions is effectively reduced, and the onion harvesting efficiency and quality are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of onion harvesting machinery or the technical field of crop harvesting equipment, and in particular relates to a hand-held onion harvesting equipment for hilly and mountainous areas and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Onion is a common and cheap home-cooked vegetable. It is tender, juicy, and mildly spicy, of good quality, and suitable for eating raw. It is native to western Asia and is cultivated in various parts of China and available all year round. The edible part of onion is the underground fleshy bulb (i.e., onion head). In foreign countries, it is known as the "Queen of Vegetables" and has high nutritional value.

[0003] Due to the irregular growth shape, uneven position distribution, enlarged leaves, and low balling position of the vegetable ears during the harvest period, it is necessary to cut the roots and remove the leaves without damaging the raised stems, making mechanized harvesting difficult. The existing patent CN113906895A discloses a hand-held self-propelled mustard tuber combine harvester, which can achieve adaptive active feeding, low cutting platform loss, high impurity removal rate, and low damage to a certain extent. However, due to the complex structure of the whole machine, large size, and complex operation, it is not suitable for promotion, and the precision is high, requiring professionals to repair it many times, resulting in low efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a hand-held onion harvesting equipment for hilly and mountainous areas, which realizes the efficient removal of rhizomes and top leaves during onion harvesting, effectively reduces the impurity content of onions, and improves the efficiency and quality of onion harvesting.

[0005] The invention also provides a control method for hand-held onion harvesting equipment in hilly and mountainous areas.

[0006] Note that the description of these objectives does not prevent the existence of other objectives. One embodiment of the present invention does not need to achieve all of the above objectives. Objectives other than the above objectives can be extracted from the description of the specification, drawings, and claims.

[0007] The present invention achieves the above technical objectives through the following technical means.

[0008] A hand-held onion harvesting equipment for hilly and mountainous areas, comprising a root cutting transmission device, a top leaf removal device, a petiole removal and conveying device, a harvesting frame, a walking chassis device and a hand-held device;

[0009] The root cutting transmission device, the top leaf removal device, the petiole removal and delivery device, the harvesting frame and the hand-held device are all arranged on the walking chassis device;

[0010] The root cutting transmission device, the top leaf removal device, the petiole removal transmission device, the harvesting frame, and the hand-held device are arranged in sequence from the walking direction to the rear. The top leaf removal device is located above the end of the root cutting transmission device, the petiole removal transmission device is located behind the root cutting transmission device and the top leaf removal device, the harvesting frame is located behind the petiole removal transmission device, and the hand-held device is located behind the harvesting frame; the root cutting transmission device is used for cutting the onion root and transmitting the onion through the top leaf removal device and transmitting it to the petiole removal transmission device; the top leaf removal device is used for removing the leaves on the top of the cut onion; the petiole removal transmission device is used for removing excess petioles of the onion and continuing to transport the onion backward to the harvesting frame.

[0011] In the above scheme, the root cutting transmission device includes a soil shoveling and extracting device, an elastic clamping device, a motor, a supporting pad and a root cutting knife;

[0012] The support pad is installed in front of the walking chassis device; at least two earth-shoveling and extracting devices are symmetrically installed in front of the support pad; at least two elastic clamping devices are symmetrically installed above the two support pads; the motor is installed on the active pulley of the elastic clamping device; a first channel is set between every two earth-shoveling and extracting devices, and a second channel is set between every two elastic clamping devices, the first channel and the second channel are relatively used to transport onions to move backward, the root cutter is installed between the first channel and below the entrance of the second channel, and is used to remove the bottom roots when the elastic clamping device clamps the onion; the motor is used to drive the active pulley to rotate, and the active pulley drives the elastic clamping device to rotate, which is used to clamp the onion and transport it through the top leaf removal device to the petiole removal and transportation device.

[0013] Furthermore, the elastic clamping device includes a driving pulley, a driven pulley, a belt, and a top plate; the driving pulley and the driven pulley are respectively installed on the bottom of the top plate through bearings, the belt is installed on the driving pulley and the driven pulley, the driving pulley is connected to the motor, and a plurality of leaf-holding rubber plates are arranged on the outer surface of the belt. The leaf-holding rubber plates rotate with the belt, and each pair of elastic clamping devices rotates in opposite directions at the same time, so as to straighten the onions shoveled out by the soil shoveling and extraction device and transmit them backwards.

[0014] Furthermore, the elastic clamping device also includes a tensioning roller; the tensioning roller is arranged between the driving pulley and the driven pulley and is in contact with the belt, and a connecting tube is sleeved in the middle of the tensioning roller. The upper part of the connecting tube is installed in two transversely arranged first long grooves in the middle of the top plate by bolts, and the lower part of the connecting tube is installed in two second long grooves opened on the supporting pad. The positions of the first long groove and the second long groove correspond to each other. The connecting tube can slide in the first long groove and the second long groove to adjust the lateral position of the tensioning roller and thus adjust the clamping width of the belt, and the clamped width of the belt can be adjusted according to the diameter of the clamped onion.

[0015] In the above scheme, the root cutting transmission device also includes a depth limiting structure; the depth limiting structure includes a depth limiting wheel, a connecting rod, and a bolt; the depth limiting wheel is connected to one end of the connecting rod through a bearing, and the other end of the connecting rod is installed on the front end of the bracket of the walking chassis device through a bolt, behind the root cutting transmission device, and the bolt is used to keep the connecting rod at a certain angle, so that the depth limiting wheel can be fixed to work at a certain height; when adjusting the depth limiting height, the connecting rod is rotated around the bolt by a certain angle and then the bolt is re-fixed to achieve the adjustment of the depth limiting height.

[0016] In the above scheme, the top leaf removal device includes a stirring blade, a support frame, a support rod and a support seat;

[0017] The support frame is arranged above the elastic clamping device, and two stirring blades are symmetrically arranged at the front end of each support frame for removing the main leaves on the top of the head. The end of the support frame is connected to one end of the support seat, one end of the support rod is connected to the support frame, and the other end is installed at the front end of the bracket of the walking chassis device. The support frame can rotate around the support rod.

[0018] Furthermore, the top leaf removal device also includes a height-adjusting base; the other end of the support seat is connected to the height-adjusting base, the height-adjusting base includes a threaded base and a threaded support rod, the threaded base is installed on the walking chassis device, one end of the threaded support rod is threadedly connected to the threaded base, and the other end is connected to the support seat; the height-adjusting base achieves height adjustment by rotating the threaded support rod, and the height change of the support seat causes the support frame to rotate around the support rod to adjust the height of the stirring blade.

[0019] In the above scheme, the petiole removal and conveying device includes a driven sprocket, a fixing seat, a driving chain, a supporting bar, a driving sprocket and a bottom inclined plate;

[0020] The driving sprocket and the driven sprocket are respectively installed on the bracket of the walking chassis device through fixed seats, the driving sprocket is at the rear, and the driven sprocket is at the front. The driving sprocket and the driven sprocket are connected by a driving chain. A plurality of support bars are arranged on the driving chain. A spacing is arranged between each support bar, which is used to transport the onion backward into the harvesting frame and separate the stem tumor and the removed petiole at the same time. The bottom inclined plate is obliquely installed below the support bar to slide the separated petiole to the ground.

[0021] Furthermore, the spacing between the support bars is greater than the width of the petiole but smaller than the diameter of the tuber. During the transportation process, the petiole will fall into the soil from the bottom inclined plate, and the tuber will be transported to the harvesting frame.

[0022] A control method for the hand-held onion harvesting equipment in hilly and mountainous areas comprises the following steps:

[0023] The soil shoveling and extracting device pulls the onion out of the soil, and the leaf-holding rubber plates on the symmetrically arranged elastic clamping devices straighten and clamp the onion for backward transmission. A clamping state can be formed at the entrance of the channel and separated at the exit of the channel. When the elastic clamping device transmits the onion backward, a root cutting knife arranged below the elastic clamping device removes the bottom rhizome, and a top leaf removing device arranged above the elastic clamping device removes the main leaves at the top of the head. The root cutting transmission device transports the tubercle and removed petiole of the onion after root cutting and topping backward, and the tubercle is transmitted to the top by the petiole removing conveying device. The spacing between the support bars of the petiole removing conveying device is greater than the width of the petiole but smaller than the diameter of the tubercle. During the transportation process, the petiole will fall into the soil from the bottom inclined plate, and the tubercle will fall into the harvesting frame.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. The present invention realizes efficient removal of rhizomes and top leaves during onion harvesting, effectively reduces the impurity content of onions, and improves the efficiency and quality of onion harvesting.

[0026] 2. Aiming at the posture problem of onion when cutting roots and removing leaves, the present invention designs an elastic clamping device with a leaf-holding rubber plate, which is conducive to cutting roots and removing leaves of onions in a correct posture when harvesting, and can also prevent high impurity rate and mechanical damage caused by plant posture.

[0027] 3. The present invention is designed to respectively arrange a top leaf removal device and a root cutter above and below the elastic clamping device, which can remove the rhizome and top leaves of the onion at the same time. A depth-limiting wheel is installed at the front end of the frame to adjust the harvesting depth to adapt to different hilly and mountainous areas, improve the harvesting efficiency, and has a simple structure and is easy to maintain.

[0028] 4. The present invention designs a petiole removal and conveying device, which conveys onions to the top harvesting frame by a chain transmission device. The gap between the supporting rods is larger than the width of the petiole but smaller than the diameter of the tuber. During the conveying process, the petiole will fall into the soil from the bottom inclined plate, and the tuber will fall into the collecting frame, which effectively reduces the impurity content of the onions and realizes the function of removing leaves and returning them to the field.

[0029] 5. The present invention realizes the functions of cutting, conveying, removing leaves, returning to the field and harvesting onions, integrates multiple processes into one, reduces post-processing, and improves the efficiency and quality of onion harvesting.

[0030] Note that the description of these effects does not prevent the existence of other effects. One embodiment of the present invention does not necessarily have all of the above effects. Effects other than the above can be clearly seen and extracted from the description of the specification, drawings, claims, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the structure of a hand-held onion harvesting equipment for hilly and mountainous areas according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic side view of the structure of a hand-held onion harvesting equipment for hilly and mountainous areas according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 It is a top view schematic diagram of a root cutting transmission device, a top leaf removal device and a petiole removal and transportation device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4 It is a side view schematic diagram of a root cutting conveying device, a top leaf removing device and a petiole removing conveying device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 5 It is a schematic side view of a root cutting transmission device and a top leaf removal device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of an elastic clamping device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 7 It is a schematic top view of a root cutting transmission device and a top leaf removal device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of a petiole removal and conveying device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Fig. 9 It is a schematic side view of a petiole removal and conveying device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] In the figure: 1-root cutting transmission device, 101-soil shoveling and extracting device, 102-elastic clamping device, 103-tensioning roller, 104-motor, 105-support pad, 106-root cutting knife, 107-depth limiting structure, 107-1 depth limiting wheel, 107-2 connecting rod, 107-3 bolt, 108-leaf holding rubber plate, 2-top leaf removing device, 201-leaf stirring blade, 202-support frame, 203-support rod, 204-support seat, 205-height adjustment base, 3-petiole removal and conveying device, 301-driven sprocket, 302-fixed seat, 303-drive chain, 304-support bar, 305-active sprocket, 306-bottom inclined plate, 4-harvesting frame, 5-walking chassis device 6-hand-held device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "front", "back", "left", "right", "up", "down", "axial", "radial", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0043] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] Figure 1-4 The figure shows a preferred embodiment of the hand-held onion harvesting equipment for hilly and mountainous areas of the present invention. The hand-held onion harvesting equipment for hilly and mountainous areas comprises a root cutting transmission device 1, a top leaf removal device 2, a petiole removal and conveying device 3, a harvesting frame 4, a walking chassis device 5 and a hand-held device 6;

[0046] The root cutting transmission device 1, the top leaf removal device 2, the petiole removal and transportation device 3, the harvesting frame 4 and the hand-held device 6 are all arranged on the walking chassis device 5;

[0047] The root cutting transmission device 1, the top leaf removal device 2, the petiole removal transmission device 3, the harvesting frame 4, and the hand-held device 6 are arranged in sequence from the walking direction to the rear. The top leaf removal device 2 is located above the end of the root cutting transmission device 1, the petiole removal transmission device 3 is located behind the root cutting transmission device 1 and the top leaf removal device 2, the harvesting frame 4 is located behind the petiole removal transmission device 3, and the hand-held device 6 is located behind the harvesting frame 4; the root cutting transmission device 1 is used to cut the onion root and transmit the onion through the top leaf removal device 2 and transmit it to the petiole removal transmission device 3; the top leaf removal device 2 is used to remove the leaves on the top of the cut onion; the petiole removal transmission device 3 is used to remove the excess petioles of the onion and continue to transport the onion backward to the harvesting frame 4.

[0048] The root cutting transmission device 1 includes a shoveling and extracting device 101, an elastic clamping device 102, a motor 104, a support pad 105 and a root cutting knife 106; the support pad 105 is installed in front of the walking chassis device 5; at least two shoveling and extracting devices 101 are symmetrically installed in front of the support pad 105; at least two elastic clamping devices 102 are symmetrically installed above the two support pads 105; the motor 104 is installed on the driving pulley of the elastic clamping device 102; a first channel is set between every two shoveling and extracting devices 101, and a second channel is set between every two elastic clamping devices 102, the first channel and the second channel are relatively used to transmit onions to move backward, the root cutting knife 106 is installed between the first channel and is located below the entrance of the second channel, and is used to remove the bottom root when the elastic clamping device 102 clamps the onion; the motor 104 is used to drive the driving pulley to rotate, and the driving pulley drives the elastic clamping device 102 to rotate, which is used to clamp the onion and transport it through the top leaf removal device 2 to the petiole removal and transportation device 3.

[0049] The elastic clamping device 102 includes a driving pulley, a driven pulley, a belt, and a top plate; the driving pulley and the driven pulley are respectively installed at the bottom of the top plate through bearings, the belt is installed on the driving pulley and the driven pulley, the driving pulley is connected to the motor 104, and a plurality of leaf-holding rubber plates 108 are arranged on the outer surface of the belt. The leaf-holding rubber plates 108 rotate with the belt, and each pair of elastic clamping devices 102 rotates in opposite directions at the same time, so as to straighten the onions shoveled out by the soil extraction device 101 and transmit them backwards.

[0050] The elastic clamping device 102 also includes a tensioning roller 103; the tensioning roller 103 is arranged between the driving pulley and the driven pulley and contacts the belt. A connecting pipe is sleeved in the middle of the tensioning roller 103. The upper part of the connecting pipe is installed in two first long grooves arranged horizontally in the middle of the top plate by bolts, and the lower part of the connecting pipe is installed in two second long grooves opened on the supporting pad 105. The positions of the first long groove and the second long groove correspond. The connecting pipe can slide in the first long groove and the second long groove to adjust the horizontal position of the tensioning roller 103 and thus adjust the clamping width of the belt. The clamping width of the belt can be adjusted according to the diameter of the clamped onion. After adjusting the position of the tensioning roller 103, it is fixed by bolts.

[0051] like Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the number of the supporting pads 105 is two, and the two supporting pads 105 are symmetrically arranged in front of the walking chassis device 5; four earth-shoveling and extracting devices 101 are divided into two groups and are symmetrically installed in front of the two supporting pads 105; four elastic clamping devices 102 are divided into two groups and are symmetrically installed above the two supporting pads 105; two tensioning rollers 103 are respectively installed inside the four elastic clamping devices 102; four motors 104 are respectively installed on the driving pulleys of the four elastic clamping devices 102; two root cutting knives 106 are installed between two pairs of earth-shoveling and extracting devices 101; two depth limiting wheels 107 are installed behind the root cutting transmission device 1; a channel is set between each group of earth-shoveling and extracting devices 101 and the elastic clamping device 102 for transmitting onions to move backward, and the motor 104 is used to drive the driving pulley to rotate, and the driving pulley drives the elastic clamping device 102 to rotate, which is used to clamp the onions and transport them through the top leaf removal device 2 to the petiole removal and transportation device 3.

[0052] like Figure 6As shown, preferably, the root cutting transmission device 1 includes two pairs of symmetrically arranged elastic clamping devices 102, each tensioning device is provided with a plurality of leaf-holding rubber plates 108, preferably, the leaf-holding rubber plates 108 have a width of 64 to 66 mm, and the leaf-holding rubber plates 108 can rotate simultaneously with the rotation of the elastic clamping devices 102, and each pair of elastic clamping devices 102 rotates in opposite directions at the same time, preferably, the minimum gap between each pair of elastic clamping devices 102 is 55 to 60 mm, and the maximum gap between each pair of elastic clamping devices 102 is The onions shoveled out by the shoveling and extracting device 101 can be straightened and transmitted backwards. Preferably, the horizontal length of the root cutting transmission device 1 is 1010-1030 mm, and the height is 98-100 mm. The upper surface of the shoveling and extracting device 101 is at an angle of 33-35° to the horizontal plane. When shoveling onions, the damage to the onions can be reduced. The upper surface of the supporting pad 105 is at an angle of 13-15° to the horizontal plane, which is convenient for the top leaf removal device 2 to remove leaves and transport the onions to the petiole removal and conveying device 3. Two laterally movable tensioning rollers 103 are arranged in the middle of each elastic clamping device 102 to adjust the width of the belt clamped according to the diameter of the clamped onion. Preferably, the length of the elastic clamping device is 900-1000 mm, and the width is 79-80 mm.

[0053] Preferably, a root cutter 106 is provided between the two soil shoveling and extracting devices 101, and the root cutter 106 is provided below the entrance of the elastic clamping device 102, so that the roots at the bottom can be removed when the elastic clamping device 102 clamps the onion;

[0054] Preferably, the root cutting transmission device 1 also includes a depth limiting structure 107; the depth limiting structure 107 includes a depth limiting wheel 107-1, a connecting rod 107-2, and a bolt 107-3; the depth limiting wheel 107-1 is connected to one end of the connecting rod 107-2 through a bearing, and the other end of the connecting rod 107-2 is installed at the front end of the bracket of the walking chassis device 5 through a bolt 107-3, behind the root cutting transmission device 1, and the bolt 107-3 is used to keep the connecting rod 107-2 at a certain angle, so that the depth limiting wheel 107-1 can be fixed to work at a certain height; when adjusting the depth limiting height, the connecting rod 107-2 rotates a certain angle around the bolt 107-3 and then re-fixes the bolt 107-3 to achieve the adjustment of the depth limiting height. The depth limiting wheel 107 can be adjusted according to the harvesting depth of the crop to adapt to different hilly and mountainous terrains.

[0055] The top leaf removal device 2 includes a stirring blade 201, a support frame 202, a support rod 203 and a support seat 204; the support frame 202 is arranged above the elastic clamping device 102, and two stirring blades 201 are symmetrically arranged at the front end of each support frame 202 for removing the main leaves on the top of the head. The end of the support frame 202 is connected to one end of the support seat 204, one end of the support rod 203 is connected to the support frame 202, and the other end is installed at the front end of the bracket of the walking chassis device 5, and the support frame 202 can rotate around the support rod 203.

[0056] The top leaf removal device 2 also includes a height adjustment base 205; the other end of the support seat 204 is connected to the height adjustment base 205, and the height adjustment base 205 includes a threaded base and a threaded support rod, the threaded base is installed on the walking chassis device 5, one end of the threaded support rod is threadedly connected to the threaded base, and the other end is connected to the support seat 204; the height adjustment base 205 can adjust the height by rotating the threaded support rod, and the height change of the support seat 204 causes the support frame 202 to rotate around the support rod 203 to adjust the height of the stirring blade 201.

[0057] Preferably, the leaf stirring blades 201 are symmetrically distributed at the front end of the support frame 202, the spacing between each pair of leaf stirring blades is 52-53 mm, and the wheelbase is 320-330 mm. When the cabbage heads pass through, the blades rotate inward relative to each other to peel off the main petioles on the tubers. The height adjustment base 205 is installed at the front end of the bracket of the walking chassis device 5 and is connected to the support seat 204. The height of the top leaf removal device 2 can be adjusted, and the leaf stirring height can be adjusted within 90-100 mm.

[0058] like Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, the petiole removal and conveying device 3 includes a driven sprocket 301, a fixing seat 302, a driving chain 303, a supporting bar 304, a driving sprocket 305 and a bottom inclined plate 306;

[0059] The driving sprocket 305 and the driven sprocket 301 are respectively fixed on the bracket of the walking chassis device 5 through the fixing seat 302, the driving sprocket 305 is at the rear, and the driven sprocket 301 is at the front. The driving sprocket 305 and the driven sprocket 301 are connected by a driving chain 303. A plurality of support bars 304 are arranged on the driving chain 303. A certain distance is arranged between each support bar 304, so that the onions can be transported backwards into the harvesting frame 4, and the stem nodules and the removed petioles can be separated at the same time. The bottom inclined plate 306 is obliquely installed below the support bar 304 to slide the separated petioles to the ground.

[0060] The spacing between the support bars 304 is greater than the width of the petiole but smaller than the diameter of the tuber. During the transportation process, the petiole will fall into the soil from the bottom inclined plate 306, and the tuber will be transported to the harvesting frame 4.

[0061] Preferably, the support bar 304 is fixed on the driving chain 303, the distance between the two chains is about 2090-2100 mm, the support bar 304 can move together with the driving chain 303, and the spacing between the support rods without the petiole is 120-130 mm.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] A control method for a hand-held onion harvesting equipment in hilly and mountainous areas according to Example 1 has the beneficial effects of Example 1 and will not be described in detail here.

[0064] The control method of the hand-held onion harvesting equipment in hilly and mountainous areas comprises the following steps:

[0065] The soil shoveling and extracting device 101 pulls the onion out of the soil, and the leaf-holding rubber plates on the symmetrically arranged elastic clamping devices 102 straighten and clamp the onion for backward transmission. A clamping state can be formed at the entrance of the channel and separated at the exit of the channel. When the elastic clamping device 102 transmits the onion backward, the root cutting knife 106 arranged below the elastic clamping device 102 removes the bottom rhizome, and the top leaf removing device 2 arranged above the elastic clamping device 102 removes the main leaves at the top of the head. The root cutting transmission device 1 transports the stem tuber and the removed petiole of the onion after root cutting and topping backward, and the petiole removing and conveying device 3 conveys it to the top. The spacing of the support bars 304 of the petiole removing and conveying device 3 is greater than the petiole width but smaller than the stem tuber diameter. During the transportation process, the petiole will fall into the soil from the bottom inclined plate 306, and the stem tuber will fall into the harvesting frame 4.

[0066] The invention realizes the functions of cutting, conveying, removing leaves, returning to the field and harvesting onions, integrates a plurality of working procedures into one, reduces post-processing, improves the efficiency and quality of harvesting onions, is adaptable to different hilly and mountainous areas, has high equipment stability, is simple in structure and is easy to maintain, effectively reduces the impurity content of onions and realizes the function of removing leaves and returning to the field.

[0067] It should be understood that although this specification is described according to various embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0068] The series of detailed descriptions listed above are only specific descriptions of feasible embodiments of the present invention. They are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent embodiments or changes that do not deviate from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hand-held onion harvesting equipment for hilly and mountainous areas, characterized in that: It comprises a root cutting transmission device (1), a top leaf removal device (2), a petiole removal and transportation device (3), a harvesting frame (4), a walking chassis device (5) and a hand-held device (6); The root cutting transmission device (1), the top leaf removal device (2), the petiole removal and transportation device (3), the harvesting frame (4) and the hand-held device (6) are all arranged on a walking chassis device (5); The root cutting transmission device (1), the top leaf removal device (2), the petiole removal transmission device (3), the harvesting frame (4), and the hand-held device (6) are arranged in sequence from the walking direction to the rear. The top leaf removal device (2) is located above the end of the root cutting transmission device (1), the petiole removal transmission device (3) is located behind the root cutting transmission device (1) and the top leaf removal device (2), the harvesting frame (4) is located behind the petiole removal transmission device (3), and the hand-held device (6) is located behind the harvesting frame (4); the root cutting transmission device (1) is used to cut the root of the onion and transmit the onion through the top leaf removal device (2) and to the petiole removal transmission device (3); the top leaf removal device (2) is used to remove the leaves on the top of the cut onion; the petiole removal transmission device (3) is used to remove excess petioles of the onion and continue to transport the onion backward to the harvesting frame (4).

2. The hand-held onion harvesting equipment for hilly and mountainous areas according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The root cutting transmission device (1) comprises a soil scraping and extracting device (101), an elastic clamping device (102), a motor (104), a supporting pad (105) and a root cutting knife (106); The support pad (105) is installed in front of the walking chassis device (5); at least two earth-shoveling and extracting devices (101) are symmetrically installed in front of the support pad (105); at least two elastic clamping devices (102) are symmetrically installed above the two support pads (105); the motor (104) is installed on the driving pulley of the elastic clamping device (102); a first channel is arranged between each two earth-shoveling and extracting devices (101), and a second channel is arranged between each two elastic clamping devices (102), the first channel and the second channel are used to transport onions to move backwards relative to each other, and the root cutter (106) is installed between the first channel and below the entrance of the second channel, and is used to remove the bottom root when the elastic clamping device (102) clamps the onion; the motor (104) is used to drive the driving pulley to rotate, and the driving pulley drives the elastic clamping device (102) to rotate, and is used to clamp the onion and transport it through the top leaf removal device (2) to the petiole removal and transportation device (3).

3. The hand-held onion harvesting equipment for hilly and mountainous areas according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic clamping device (102) comprises a driving pulley, a driven pulley, a belt, and a top plate; the driving pulley and the driven pulley are respectively mounted on the bottom of the top plate through bearings, the belt is mounted on the driving pulley and the driven pulley, the driving pulley is connected to the motor (104), a plurality of leaf-holding rubber plates (108) are arranged on the outer surface of the belt, the leaf-holding rubber plates (108) rotate with the belt, and each pair of elastic clamping devices (102) rotates in opposite directions at the same time, so as to straighten the onions shoveled out by the soil extraction device (101) and transmit them backwards.

4. The hand-held onion harvesting equipment for hilly and mountainous areas according to claim 3, characterized in that: The elastic clamping device (102) further comprises a tensioning roller (103); The tensioning roller (103) is arranged between the driving pulley and the driven pulley and is in contact with the belt. A connecting pipe is sleeved in the middle of the tensioning roller (103). The upper part of the connecting pipe is installed in two first long grooves arranged transversely in the middle of the top plate by bolts, and the lower part of the connecting pipe is installed in two second long grooves opened on the supporting pad (105). The positions of the first long groove and the second long groove correspond to each other. The connecting pipe can slide in the first long groove and the second long groove to adjust the transverse position of the tensioning roller (103) and thus adjust the clamping width of the belt.

5. The hand-held onion harvesting equipment for hilly and mountainous areas according to claim 2, characterized in that: The root cutting transmission device (1) further comprises a depth limiting structure (107); the depth limiting structure (107) comprises a depth limiting wheel (107-1), a connecting rod (107-2), and a bolt (107-3); the depth limiting wheel (107-1) is connected to one end of the connecting rod (107-2) via a bearing, and the other end of the connecting rod (107-2) is mounted on the front end of a bracket of a walking chassis device (5) via a bolt (107-3), at the rear of the root cutting transmission device (1), and the bolt (107-3) is used to keep the connecting rod (107-2) at a certain angle, so that the depth limiting wheel (107-1) can be fixed to work at a certain height.

6. The hand-held onion harvesting equipment for hilly and mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top leaf removal device (2) comprises a leaf stirring blade (201), a support frame (202), a support rod (203) and a support seat (204); The support frame (202) is arranged above the elastic clamping device (102), and two stirring blades (201) are symmetrically arranged at the front end of each support frame (202) for removing the main leaves at the top of the head. The end of the support frame (202) is connected to one end of the support seat (204), one end of the support rod (203) is connected to the support frame (202), and the other end is installed at the front end of the bracket of the walking chassis device (5), and the support frame (202) can rotate around the support rod (203).

7. The hand-held onion harvesting equipment for hilly and mountainous areas according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top leaf removal device (2) also includes a height adjustment base (205); the other end of the support base (204) is connected to the height adjustment base (205), the height adjustment base (205) includes a threaded base and a threaded support rod, the threaded base is installed on the walking chassis device (5), one end of the threaded support rod is threadedly connected to the threaded base, and the other end is connected to the support base (204); the height adjustment base (205) is adjusted by rotating the threaded support rod, and the height change of the support base (204) causes the support frame (202) to rotate around the support rod (203), thereby adjusting the height of the stirring blade (201).

8. The hand-held onion harvesting equipment for hilly and mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The petiole removal and conveying device (3) comprises a driven sprocket (301), a fixing seat (302), a driving chain (303), a supporting bar (304), a driving sprocket (305) and a bottom inclined plate (306); The driving sprocket (305) and the driven sprocket (301) are respectively mounted on a bracket of the walking chassis device (5) through a fixing seat (302), the driving sprocket (305) is at the rear, and the driven sprocket (301) is at the front. The driving sprocket (305) and the driven sprocket (301) are connected through a driving chain (303). A plurality of support bars (304) are arranged on the driving chain (303). A spacing is arranged between each support bar (304) for conveying the onions backward into the harvesting frame (4) and separating the stem nodules and the removed petioles at the same time. The bottom inclined plate (306) is obliquely mounted below the support bars (304) for sliding the separated petioles to the ground.

9. The hand-held onion harvesting equipment for hilly and mountainous areas according to claim 8, characterized in that: The spacing between the support bars (304) is greater than the width of the petiole but smaller than the diameter of the tuber. During the transportation process, the petiole will fall into the soil from the bottom inclined plate (306), and the tuber will be transported to the harvesting frame (4).

10. A control method for a hand-held onion harvesting equipment in hilly and mountainous areas according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The soil shoveling and extracting device (101) pulls the onion out of the soil, and the leaf-holding rubber plates on the symmetrically arranged elastic clamping devices (102) straighten and clamp the onion for transmission backwards. The clamping state can be formed at the entrance of the channel and separated at the exit of the channel. When the elastic clamping device (102) transmits the onion backwards, the root cutting knife (106) arranged below the elastic clamping device (102) removes the root stem at the bottom, and the top leaf removing device (2) arranged above the elastic clamping device (102) removes the main leaves at the top. The root cutting transmission device (1) transports the stem tuber and the removed petiole of the onion after root cutting and topping backwards, and the petiole removing and conveying device (3) conveys them to the top. The spacing between the support bars (304) of the petiole removing and conveying device (3) is greater than the width of the petiole but smaller than the diameter of the stem tuber. During the transportation process, the petiole will fall into the soil from the bottom inclined plate (306), and the stem tuber will fall into the harvesting frame (4).

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