Casting production method of high-strength and high-toughness base

Abstract

The invention discloses a casting production method of a high-strength and high-toughness base. The casting production method comprises the following steps: step 1, treating a metal material; secondly, molten metal is detected; step 3, casting the base; the method has the beneficial effects that in the pouring process, inert gas is used for emptying air in the mold and around the opening to form a protective barrier, and the inert gas is sprayed at the opening of the electric furnace to form a protective space, so that molten metal poured out of the electric furnace is difficult to make contact with the surrounding air; and part of the base is oxidized, so that the quality of the cast base is prevented from being influenced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention discloses a casting production method for a high-strength and high-toughness base, belonging to the field of base casting. Background Art

[0002] Ductile iron is an important metal material commonly used in the machinery industry, with high tensile strength and elongation. However, in order to reduce the weight of castings, reduce production costs, and increase market competitiveness, some customers have put forward higher technical requirements for the base material than the national standard.

[0003] Currently, during the pouring process, because it is not carried out in a closed environment, part of the molten metal will be oxidized during pouring, and some impurities will also be mixed into the molten metal, which will affect the quality of the pouring. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned problems and provides a casting production method for a high-strength and high-toughness base, thereby solving the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a casting production method for a high-strength and high-toughness base, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Metal material processing;

[0007] Step 2: Metal liquid detection;

[0008] Step 3: Casting the base;

[0009] Step 4: Quality inspection.

[0010] Wherein, the step 1:

[0011] (1) Raw material processing: Put the metal material into the shot blasting equipment, and use the shot blasting equipment to blast the metal material to remove impurities such as oxide scale on the surface of the metal material;

[0012] (2) Cleaning: The metal material is blown by air blowing equipment. During this process, the surface of the metal material can be cleaned with a cleaning tool such as a brush to remove fine impurities adhering to the surface of the metal material;

[0013] (3) Melting: The metal material is placed in an electric furnace for melting, and a spheroidizing agent and alloying elements such as rare earth magnesium are added to make the graphite in the crystal spheroidized. At the same time, an appropriate amount of alloying element copper is added to stabilize and refine the pearlite to obtain a molten metal;

[0014] (4) Subsequent treatment: After the spheroidization reaction is completed, a slag collecting agent should be added as soon as possible, and the slag should be stirred to remove impurities produced by the reaction, and then an inoculant is added to react. The inoculant can be 75Si-Fe with a mass fraction between 0.8-1.5%.

[0015] Wherein, the step 2:

[0016] (1) Sample collection: Use a sampling tool to collect some molten metal samples from the furnace;

[0017] (2) Analysis: The sample is placed in an atomic absorption spectrometer and the metal content in the sample is analyzed by measuring the intensity of light absorption by the metal element at a specific wavelength.

[0018] Wherein, the step three:

[0019] (1) Mold manufacturing: A corresponding casting mold is manufactured according to the design drawings of the base, and a layer of sand is applied on the inner wall of the mold. The thickness of the sand layer is 10 mm. An annular pipe with air holes is installed at the inlet of the mold to connect the pipeline for conveying inert gas;

[0020] (2) Inflation: Inert gas is filled into the model to expel the air in the mold, and the inert gas is transported into the annular pipe to form an inert gas barrier. Some inert gas is flushed into the electric furnace to expel the air, forming a protective space at the opening of the electric furnace;

[0021] (3) Pouring: Pour the smelted metal liquid into the mold, and add an appropriate amount of inoculant to the metal liquid for secondary inoculation to strengthen the inoculation and refine the grains and graphite balls;

[0022] (4) Casting treatment: After the casting in the mold cools down and takes shape, open the mold, take out the molded casting, and clean the sand attached to the casting surface;

[0023] (5) Annealing treatment: Place the casting in a heating device with a temperature between 800°C and 950°C. Slowly heat the casting to the set temperature. The heating rate is controlled between 10°C / min and 20°C / min to avoid uneven temperature and uneven structure. When the casting reaches the set temperature, keep it for a period of time to evenly distribute the temperature throughout the casting. Keep it warm for 1-4 hours. Cool the casting by slow cooling with the furnace to avoid uneven structure and stress generation caused by excessive cooling rate. After taking the casting out of the furnace, place it in a natural cooling environment until it reaches room temperature.

[0024] (6) Processing and surface treatment: The castings are subjected to necessary mechanical processing, such as cutting and grinding, to achieve the required shape and size, and the castings are subjected to surface treatment to improve their corrosion resistance and aesthetics, including sandblasting, painting, electroplating, etc.

[0025] Among them, the step four: quality inspection: inspect the size, strength and toughness of the casting to ensure that the manufactured base meets the design standards.

[0026] The sampling tool used in step 2 is a sampling spoon, and the sampling tool is preheated by a heating device before use to avoid solidification and impurities when the molten metal is cooled.

[0027] Wherein, the inert gas used in step three is argon.

[0028] Wherein, when heating the casting in step three, the heating rate in the heating equipment is controlled between 10-20°C / min.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] The present invention uses inert gas to evacuate the air in the mold and around the opening during the pouring process to form a protective barrier, and sprays inert gas at the opening of the electric furnace to form a protective space, so that the molten metal poured out of the electric furnace is difficult to contact with the surrounding air, partially oxidized, and the quality of the cast base is avoided. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] A casting production method for a high-strength and high-toughness base comprises the following steps:

[0033] Step 1: Mixing process;

[0034] Step 2: gel treatment;

[0035] Step 3: pre-processing;

[0036] Step 4: calcination.

[0037] Specifically, the step 1:

[0038] (1) Raw material processing: Put the metal material into the shot blasting equipment, and use the shot blasting equipment to blast the metal material to remove impurities such as oxide scale on the surface of the metal material;

[0039] (2) Cleaning: The metal material is blown by air blowing equipment. During this process, the surface of the metal material can be cleaned with a cleaning tool such as a brush to remove fine impurities adhering to the surface of the metal material;

[0040] (3) Melting: The metal material is placed in an electric furnace for melting, and a spheroidizing agent and alloying elements such as rare earth magnesium are added to make the graphite in the crystal spheroidized. At the same time, an appropriate amount of alloying element copper is added to stabilize and refine the pearlite to obtain a molten metal;

[0041] (4) Subsequent treatment: After the spheroidization reaction is completed, a slag collecting agent should be added as soon as possible, and the slag should be stirred to remove impurities produced by the reaction, and then an inoculant is added to react. The inoculant can be 75Si-Fe with a mass fraction between 0.8-1.5%.

[0042] Specifically, the step 2:

[0043] (1) Sample collection: Use a sampling tool to collect some molten metal samples from the furnace;

[0044] (2) Analysis: The sample is placed in an atomic absorption spectrometer and the metal content in the sample is analyzed by measuring the intensity of light absorption by the metal element at a specific wavelength.

[0045] Specifically, the step three:

[0046] (1) Mold manufacturing: A corresponding casting mold is manufactured according to the design drawings of the base, and a layer of sand is applied on the inner wall of the mold. The thickness of the sand layer is 10 mm. An annular pipe with air holes is installed at the inlet of the mold to connect the pipeline for conveying inert gas;

[0047] (2) Inflation: Inert gas is filled into the model to expel the air in the mold, and the inert gas is transported into the annular pipe to form an inert gas barrier. Some inert gas is flushed into the electric furnace to expel the air, forming a protective space at the opening of the electric furnace;

[0048] (3) Pouring: Pour the smelted metal liquid into the mold, and add an appropriate amount of inoculant to the metal liquid for secondary inoculation to strengthen the inoculation and refine the grains and graphite balls;

[0049] (4) Casting treatment: After the casting in the mold cools down and takes shape, open the mold, take out the molded casting, and clean the sand attached to the casting surface;

[0050] (5) Annealing treatment: Place the casting in a heating device with a temperature between 800°C and 950°C. Slowly heat the casting to the set temperature. The heating rate is controlled between 10°C / min and 20°C / min to avoid uneven temperature and uneven structure. When the casting reaches the set temperature, keep it for a period of time to evenly distribute the temperature throughout the casting. Keep it warm for 1-4 hours. Cool the casting by slow cooling with the furnace to avoid uneven structure and stress generation caused by excessive cooling rate. After taking the casting out of the furnace, place it in a natural cooling environment until it reaches room temperature.

[0051] (6) Processing and surface treatment: The castings are subjected to necessary mechanical processing, such as cutting and grinding, to achieve the required shape and size, and the castings are subjected to surface treatment to improve their corrosion resistance and aesthetics, including sandblasting, painting, electroplating, etc.

[0052] Specifically, the step 4: quality inspection: inspect the size, strength and toughness of the casting to ensure that the manufactured base meets the design standards.

[0053] Specifically, the sampling tool used in step 2 is a sampling spoon, and the sampling tool is preheated by a heating device before use to avoid solidification and impurities when the molten metal is cooled.

[0054] Specifically, the inert gas used in step three is argon.

[0055] Specifically, in the step three, when heating the casting, the heating rate in the heating equipment is controlled between 10-20°C / min.

[0056] During preparation, the metal material is placed in a shot blasting device, and the metal material is shot blasted by the shot blasting device to remove impurities such as oxide scale on the surface of the metal material. The metal material is blown by a blasting device. During this process, the surface of the metal material can be cleaned by a cleaning tool such as a brush to remove fine impurities adhering to the surface of the metal material. The metal material is placed in an electric furnace for smelting, and a spheroidizing agent and alloying elements such as rare earth magnesium are added to make the graphite in the crystal spheroidized. At the same time, an appropriate amount of alloying element copper is added to stabilize and refine the pearlite to obtain a molten metal. After the spheroidization reaction is completed, a slag collecting agent should be added as soon as possible, and the slag should be stirred to remove impurities generated by the reaction, and then the inoculation agent should be added. The inoculant can be 75Si-Fe with a mass fraction of 0.8-1.5%. The sampling tool is preheated with a heating device. A portion of the molten metal sample is collected from the furnace with the sampling tool. The sample is placed in an atomic absorption spectrometer. The metal content in the sample is analyzed by measuring the absorption intensity of light by metal elements at a specific wavelength. The corresponding casting mold is manufactured according to the design drawings of the base. A layer of sand is applied to the inner wall of the mold. The thickness of the sand layer is 10 mm. A ring-shaped pipe with air holes is installed at the inlet of the mold to connect the pipeline for conveying inert gas. Inert gas is filled into the model to exhaust the air in the mold. Out, transport inert gas into the annular pipe to form an inert gas barrier, and flush some inert gas into the electric furnace to exhaust the air. In the protective space formed at the opening of the electric furnace, pour the smelted metal liquid into the mold, and add an appropriate amount of inoculant to the metal liquid for secondary inoculation to strengthen the inoculation, refine the grains and graphite balls. After the casting in the mold is cooled and formed, open the mold, take out the formed casting, clean some sand attached to the casting surface, and put the casting into the heating equipment. The temperature in the heating equipment is between 800℃-950℃. The casting is slowly heated to the set temperature, and the heating rate is controlled between 10-20℃ / min to avoid temperature Uneven degree and uneven structure. When the casting reaches the set temperature, keep it for a period of time to evenly distribute the temperature throughout the casting. Keep it warm for 1-4 hours. Cool the casting slowly with the furnace to avoid uneven structure and stress generation caused by too fast cooling rate. After taking the casting out of the furnace, place it in a natural cooling environment until it reaches room temperature. Perform necessary mechanical processing on the casting, such as cutting and grinding, to achieve the required shape and size. Perform surface treatment on the casting to improve its corrosion resistance and aesthetics, including sandblasting, painting, electroplating, etc. Check the size, strength and toughness of the casting to ensure that the manufactured base meets the design standards.

[0057] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A casting production method for a high-strength and high-toughness base, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Metal material processing; Step 2: Metal liquid detection; Step 3: Casting the base; Step 4: Quality inspection.

2. The casting production method of a high-strength and high-toughness base according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Step 1: (1) Raw material processing: Put the metal material into the shot blasting equipment, and use the shot blasting equipment to blast the metal material to remove impurities such as oxide scale on the surface of the metal material; (2) Cleaning: The metal material is blown by air blowing equipment. During this process, the surface of the metal material can be cleaned with a cleaning tool such as a brush to remove fine impurities adhering to the surface of the metal material; (3) Melting: The metal material is placed in an electric furnace for melting, and a spheroidizing agent and alloying elements such as rare earth magnesium are added to make the graphite in the crystal spheroidized. At the same time, an appropriate amount of alloying element copper is added to stabilize and refine the pearlite to obtain a molten metal; (4) Subsequent treatment: After the spheroidization reaction is completed, a slag collecting agent should be added as soon as possible, and the slag should be stirred to remove impurities produced by the reaction, and then an inoculant is added to react. The inoculant can be 75Si-Fe with a mass fraction between 0.8-1.5%.

3. The casting production method of a high-strength and high-toughness base according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The second step: (1) Sample collection: Use a sampling tool to collect some molten metal samples from the furnace; (2) Analysis: The sample is placed in an atomic absorption spectrometer and the metal content in the sample is analyzed by measuring the intensity of light absorption by the metal element at a specific wavelength.

4. The casting production method of a high-strength and high-toughness base according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step three: (1) Mold manufacturing: A corresponding casting mold is manufactured according to the design drawings of the base, and a layer of sand is applied on the inner wall of the mold. The thickness of the sand layer is 10 mm. An annular pipe with air holes is installed at the inlet of the mold to connect the pipeline for conveying inert gas; (2) Inflation: Inert gas is filled into the model to expel the air in the mold, and the inert gas is transported into the annular pipe to form an inert gas barrier. Some inert gas is flushed into the electric furnace to expel the air, forming a protective space at the opening of the electric furnace; (3) Pouring: Pour the smelted metal liquid into the mold, and add an appropriate amount of inoculant to the metal liquid for secondary inoculation to strengthen the inoculation and refine the grains and graphite balls; (4) Casting treatment: After the casting in the mold cools down and takes shape, open the mold, take out the molded casting, and clean the sand attached to the casting surface; (5) Annealing treatment: Place the casting in a heating device with a temperature between 800°C and 950°C, and slowly heat the casting to the set temperature to avoid uneven temperature and uneven structure. When the casting reaches the set temperature, keep it for a period of time to evenly distribute the temperature throughout the casting. Keep it warm for 1-4 hours, and cool the casting by slow cooling with the furnace to avoid uneven structure and stress generation caused by too fast cooling rate. After taking the casting out of the furnace, place it in a natural cooling environment until it reaches room temperature. (6) Processing and surface treatment: The castings are subjected to necessary mechanical processing, such as cutting and grinding, to achieve the required shape and size, and the castings are subjected to surface treatment to improve their corrosion resistance and aesthetics, including sandblasting, painting, electroplating, etc.

5. The casting production method of a high-strength and high-toughness base according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Step 4: Quality inspection: Check the size, strength and toughness of the casting to ensure that the manufactured base meets the design standards.

6. The casting production method of a high-strength and high-toughness base according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sampling tool used in step 2 is a sampling spoon, and the sampling tool is preheated by a heating device before use to avoid solidification and impurities when the molten metal is cooled.

7. The casting production method of a high-strength and high-toughness base according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The inert gas used in step 3 is argon.

8. The casting production method of a high-strength and high-toughness base according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In the step 3, when heating the casting, the heating rate in the heating equipment is controlled between 10-20°C / min.