Hollow sandwich structure, method for manufacturing the same, and pressure-resistant sandwich panel

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of hollow sandwich structure, its manufacturing method and pressure-resistant sandwich plate, the hollow sandwich structure is formed by plane hollow grid folding, after folding, convex plane, concave plane and connecting surface are generated, hollow gap is generated between adjacent concave, convex plane, and concave, convex plane can be reversed;Hollow sandwich structure is bonded to surface panel on both sides, to form a whole pressure-resistant sandwich plate;Hollow sandwich structure can be used not only as plane pressure-resistant sandwich, but also as curved surface or annular pressure-resistant sandwich, with strong applicability;In addition, the application also has the advantages of high pressure strength, good impact resistance, low cost, convenient manufacturing and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to lightweight plate and shell structures, specifically to a hollow sandwich structure, its manufacturing method, and a pressure-resistant sandwich panel. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the demand for lightweight structures is increasing in fields such as submersibles, aerospace, automobiles, ships, and construction, and honeycomb sandwich panels are one of the most widely used lightweight plate and shell structures. A honeycomb sandwich panel consists of an upper panel, a lower panel, and a honeycomb core layer in the middle, but honeycomb sandwich panels are only suitable for structures with minimal changes in surface curvature. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Objectives of the Invention: The first objective of this invention is to provide a hollow sandwich structure capable of forming planar, curved, and annular structures; the second objective of this invention is to provide a manufacturing method for the hollow sandwich structure; and the third objective of this invention is to provide a pressure-resistant sandwich panel with high compressive strength and good impact resistance based on the hollow sandwich structure.

[0004] Technical solution: The hollow sandwich structure of the present invention includes a square grid of (4n±1)×(4n±1), where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and the square grid with an even number of rows and columns is hollowed out;

[0005] A square grid with 1 row and 1 column can either bulge upwards to form a convex plane or be concave downwards to form a concave plane.

[0006] With reference to the convex or concave plane formed by a square grid with 1 row and 1 column, for each odd row, the square grids of each odd column alternately form convex and concave planes; for each odd column, the square grids of each odd row alternately form convex and concave planes.

[0007] Square grids with odd rows and even columns, and even rows and odd columns, serve as connecting surfaces to connect the corresponding convex and concave planes.

[0008] Furthermore, the angles formed by the concave and convex planes and the connecting surface are all α, forming a planar hollow sandwich structure.

[0009] Furthermore, in the row or column direction, the angle formed by the concave and convex planes and the connecting surface is σ; in the corresponding other direction, the angle formed by the concave plane and the connecting surface is β, and the angle formed by the convex plane and the connecting surface is γ, β≠γ; thus forming a curved hollow sandwich structure.

[0010] Furthermore, in the row or column direction, the angles formed by the concave and convex planes and the connecting surface are both σ; in the corresponding other direction, the hollow sandwich structure is connected end to end, the angle formed by the concave plane and the connecting surface is β, the angle formed by the convex plane and the connecting surface is γ, β≠γ; forming a ring-shaped hollow sandwich structure.

[0011] The method for manufacturing the hollow sandwich structure described in this invention involves forming the planar hollow sandwich structure in one step by stamping.

[0012] The manufacturing method of the hollow sandwich structure described in this invention first involves stamping a planar hollow sandwich structure at an angle σ, and then adjusting it into a curved hollow sandwich structure or a ring-shaped hollow sandwich structure using a corresponding mold.

[0013] The pressure-resistant sandwich panel of the present invention includes the hollow sandwich structure, wherein the upper and lower sides of the planar hollow sandwich structure are bonded with a surface plate layer by an adhesive layer.

[0014] The pressure-resistant sandwich panel of the present invention includes the hollow sandwich structure, wherein the upper and lower sides of the curved hollow sandwich structure are bonded with a surface plate layer by an adhesive layer; and the inner and outer sides of the annular hollow sandwich structure are bonded with a cylindrical surface plate layer by an adhesive layer.

[0015] Furthermore, the convex and concave planes are machined into arc shapes to fit the surface layer, so that the hollow sandwich structure fits completely with the surface layer; or, the surface layer is machined into arc grooves, and then the convex and concave planes are hammered into the corresponding arc grooves, so that the hollow sandwich structure fits completely with the surface layer.

[0016] Furthermore, an array of small pits is hammered into the convex and concave planes, and the same operation is performed on the surface plate to increase the friction between the hollow sandwich structure and the surface plate.

[0017] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages:

[0018] (1) The hollow sandwich structure can be formed into a planar, curved or ring structure, which has better applicability, such as a sandwich structure used as a planar double-layer plate or a sandwich structure used as a double-layer cylindrical shell.

[0019] (2) The hollow sandwich structure can further reduce weight. The hollow sandwich structure formed by folding the planar hollow grid can achieve excellent pressure resistance and impact resistance when applied to sandwich panels.

[0020] (3) Hollowed-out sandwich structures have the advantages of simple structure, convenient processing and good economy. Planar hollowed-out sandwich structures can be stamped in one go, while curved or ring-shaped hollowed-out sandwich structures can be trimmed by corresponding molds after stamping.

[0021] (4) In some high-temperature working environments, the hollow sandwich structure has a better heat dissipation effect than the honeycomb structure.

[0022] This invention has broad application prospects in fields such as submersibles, ships, aerospace, automobiles, and construction. For example, it can be used as a pressure hull for submersibles, a collision avoidance system for ships, a sandwich panel for aircraft, a protective panel for automobiles, and a sandwich structure for building walls. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a 5×7 square grid in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a 5×7 planar hollow sandwich structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 The main view;

[0026] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 The left view;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the 5×7 planar pressure-resistant sandwich panel in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the annular hollow sandwich structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Top view;

[0030] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 The outer contour structure along the central axis;

[0031] Figure 9 This is a top view of the annular pressure-resistant sandwich panel in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the annular hollow sandwich structure in an embodiment of the present invention after being hammered in the cylindrical surface plate layer. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] This embodiment 1 provides a planar hollow sandwich structure, including a (4n±1)×(4n±1) square grid, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and the square grid with an even number of rows and columns is hollowed out.

[0036] A square grid with 1 row and 1 column can either bulge upwards to form a convex plane or be concave downwards to form a concave plane.

[0037] With reference to the convex or concave plane formed by a square grid with 1 row and 1 column, for each odd row, the square grids of each odd column alternately form convex and concave planes; for each odd column, the square grids of each odd row alternately form convex and concave planes.

[0038] Square grids with odd rows and even columns, and even rows and odd columns, serve as connecting surfaces to connect the corresponding convex and concave planes.

[0039] The angles formed by the concave and convex planes and the connecting surface are all α, forming a planar hollow sandwich structure.

[0040] Here is a specific example.

[0041] like Figure 1 The 5×7 square grid shown has squares in rows 2 and 2, rows 2 and 4, rows 2 and 6, rows 4 and 2, rows 4 and 6 cut out.

[0042] like Figure 2 As shown, a square grid with 1 row and 1 column is concave downwards to form a concave plane. Using this as a reference, columns 1, 3, 5, and 7 of row 1 alternately form concave planes, convex planes (the square grid convexes upwards), concave planes, and so on; columns 1, 3, 5, and 7 of row 3 alternately form convex planes, concave planes, convex planes, and so on; columns 1, 3, 5, and 7 of row 5 alternately form concave planes, convex planes, concave planes, and so on. The remaining square grids serve as connecting surfaces, connecting the corresponding convex and concave planes. Figure 3 As shown, the angles formed by the concave and convex planes and the connecting surface are all α, thus forming a 5×7 planar hollow sandwich structure.

[0043] Combination Figure 4 A planar, hollow, layered structure with length x, width y, and height h is formed using a 5×7 square grid. Each square grid is the same size with a side length a. The following functional relationship can be obtained from this:

[0044] x = 4a + 3acos(180° - α)

[0045] y = 3a + 2acos(180° - α)

[0046] h = asin(180° - α)

[0047] In practical applications, the side length 'a' and angle 'α' of the square grid can be designed according to the dimensions of the planar hollow sandwich structure. Furthermore, an array of more square grids can be used to form a planar hollow sandwich structure to meet actual size requirements.

[0048] In a planar hollow sandwich structure, the concave and convex planes can be reversed, achieving the same technical effect.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] This embodiment 2 provides a method for manufacturing the planar hollow sandwich structure described in embodiment 1, including:

[0051] It is formed in one step by stamping.

[0052] Example 3

[0053] This embodiment 3 provides a planar pressure-resistant sandwich panel, including the planar perforated sandwich structure described in embodiment 1. The upper and lower sides of the planar perforated sandwich structure are bonded to a surface panel layer via an adhesive layer. The panel material, adhesive layer material, and sandwich material can be determined according to specific requirements.

[0054] A 5×7 planar perforated sandwich structure can be formed from the 5×7 planar pressure-resistant sandwich panel in Example 1, such as... Figure 5 As shown.

[0055] Example 4

[0056] like Figures 6 to 8 As shown, this embodiment 4 provides a ring-shaped hollow sandwich structure, including a (4n±1)×(4n±1) square grid, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and the square grid with an even number of rows and columns is hollowed out.

[0057] A square grid with 1 row and 1 column can either bulge upwards to form a convex plane or be concave downwards to form a concave plane.

[0058] With reference to the convex or concave plane formed by a square grid with 1 row and 1 column, for each odd row, the square grids of each odd column alternately form convex and concave planes; for each odd column, the square grids of each odd row alternately form convex and concave planes.

[0059] Square grids with odd rows and even columns, and even rows and odd columns, serve as connecting surfaces to connect the corresponding convex and concave planes.

[0060] In the row or column direction, the angle formed by the concave and convex planes and the connecting surface is σ; in the corresponding other direction, the hollow sandwich structure is connected end to end, the angle formed by the concave plane and the connecting surface is β, the angle formed by the convex plane and the connecting surface is γ, β≠γ; thus forming a ring-shaped hollow sandwich structure.

[0061] The three angles β, γ, and σ can be determined by the dimensions of the annular hollow sandwich structure in practical applications.

[0062] Similar to planar perforated sandwich structures, the length, thickness, and folding angle of annular perforated sandwich structures can be adjusted by modifying their parameters to suit different applications. The folding method is the same as that of planar perforated sandwich structures, only the angle is slightly different. Curved perforated sandwich structures are similar to annular perforated sandwich structures, but they are not connected end to end; they will not be described in detail here.

[0063] Example 5

[0064] This embodiment 5 provides a method for manufacturing the annular hollow sandwich structure described in embodiment 4, including:

[0065] First, it is stamped into a planar hollow sandwich structure according to the angle σ;

[0066] To achieve a better fit between the hollow sandwich structure and the cylindrical plate, the planar hollow sandwich structure is bent into the required ring shape. Taking a metal hollow sandwich structure as an example, the planar hollow sandwich structure is passed through a mold with the same curvature as the plate. As it passes through the mold, the mold hammers and processes the metal sandwich structure. After it has completely passed through the mold, a ring-shaped hollow sandwich structure that can perfectly fit the plate is produced.

[0067] The manufacturing method of curved hollow sandwich structure is similar to that of ring hollow sandwich structure, and will not be described in detail here.

[0068] Example 6

[0069] This embodiment 6 provides a ring-shaped pressure-resistant sandwich panel, including the ring-shaped perforated sandwich structure described in embodiment 4. The inner and outer sides of the ring-shaped perforated sandwich structure are bonded with cylindrical surface panels via adhesive layers. The panel materials, adhesive layer materials, and sandwich materials can be determined according to specific requirements.

[0070] When manufacturing a ring-shaped hollow sandwich structure, the convex and concave planes are not limited to square planes. For example, the convex and concave planes can be machined into arc shapes to fit the metal plate layer, so that the ring-shaped hollow sandwich structure can be completely bonded to the surface plate layer. Then, the ring-shaped hollow sandwich structure is bonded to the surface plate layer. Figure 9 As shown, this results in a perfectly fitted annular pressure-resistant sandwich panel.

[0071] Alternatively, the surface layer can be machined with arc-shaped grooves to better fit the annular perforated sandwich structure. After the surface layer and the annular perforated sandwich structure are bonded together, the outer layer's inner wall is struck from the inside out at the connection point with the convex plane of the annular perforated sandwich structure, while the inner layer's outer wall is struck from the outside in at the connection point with the concave plane of the annular perforated sandwich structure. Figure 10 As shown, this results in a stable sandwich structure that is completely fixed between the inner and outer layers.

[0072] Simultaneously, before inserting the inner and outer layers into the ring-shaped hollow sandwich structure, an array of small pits can be hammered into the convex and concave surfaces. The same operation is performed on the inner wall of the outer layer and the outer wall of the inner layer. This greatly increases friction after the inner and outer layers are inserted. Then, the connection between the inner wall of the outer layer and the convex surface of the ring-shaped hollow sandwich structure is hammered from the inside out, and the connection between the outer wall of the inner layer and the concave surface of the ring-shaped hollow sandwich structure is hammered from the outside in. This better ensures that the ring-shaped hollow sandwich structure will not loosen.

[0073] Curved pressure-resistant sandwich panels are similar to annular pressure-resistant sandwich panels, and will not be described in detail here.

Claims

1. A hollow sandwich structure, characterized in that, include A square grid, in which and All integers are greater than or equal to 1, and the square grid with an even number of rows and columns is hollowed out; A square grid with 1 row and 1 column can either bulge upwards to form a convex plane or be concave downwards to form a concave plane. With reference to the convex or concave plane formed by a square grid with 1 row and 1 column, for each odd row, the square grids of each odd column alternately form convex and concave planes; for each odd column, the square grids of each odd row alternately form convex and concave planes. Square grids with odd rows and even columns, and even rows and odd columns, serve as connecting surfaces to connect the corresponding convex and concave planes.

2. The hollowed-out sandwich structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angles formed by the concave and convex planes and the connecting surface are all This forms a planar hollow sandwich structure.

3. The hollowed-out sandwich structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the row or column direction, the angle formed by the concave or convex plane and the connecting surface is... In the corresponding other direction, the angle formed by the concave plane and the connecting surface is... The angle formed by the convex plane and the connecting surface is , It forms a curved, hollowed-out sandwich structure.

4. The hollowed-out sandwich structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the row or column direction, the angle formed by the concave or convex plane and the connecting surface is... In the corresponding other direction, the hollowed-out sandwich structure is connected end to end, and the angle formed by the concave plane and the connecting surface is... The angle formed by the convex plane and the connecting surface is , It forms a ring-shaped hollow sandwich structure.

5. The manufacturing method of the hollow sandwich structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The planar hollow sandwich structure is formed in one step by stamping.

6. The method for manufacturing the hollow sandwich structure according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, First, according to the angle It is stamped into a planar hollow sandwich structure, and then adjusted into a curved hollow sandwich structure or a ring-shaped hollow sandwich structure by corresponding molds.

7. A pressure-resistant sandwich panel, characterized in that, The hollow sandwich structure as described in claim 2 has a surface plate layer bonded to the upper and lower sides of the planar hollow sandwich structure by an adhesive layer.

8. A pressure-resistant sandwich panel, characterized in that, The hollow sandwich structure includes the hollow sandwich structure described in claim 3 or 4, wherein the upper and lower sides of the curved hollow sandwich structure are bonded with a surface plate layer by an adhesive layer; and the inner and outer sides of the annular hollow sandwich structure are bonded with a cylindrical surface plate layer by an adhesive layer.

9. The pressure-resistant sandwich panel according to claim 8, characterized in that, The convex and concave planes are machined into arc shapes to fit the surface layer, so that the hollow sandwich structure fits the surface layer completely; or, the surface layer is machined into arc grooves, and then the convex and concave planes are hammered into the corresponding arc grooves, so that the hollow sandwich structure fits the surface layer completely.

10. The pressure-resistant sandwich panel according to claim 9, characterized in that, An array of small pits is hammered into the convex and concave planes, and the same operation is performed on the surface plate to increase the friction between the hollow sandwich structure and the surface plate.

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