Control system and method for preventing ash deposition and slag bonding in blending combustion of coal and biomass

Abstract

The invention relates to a coal and biomass blending combustion ash deposition and slag bonding prevention control system and method, and the system comprises a fuel feeding system which comprises a fuel analysis system and a first control system, and the fuel analysis system is connected with a stock bin; the fuel analysis system is used for obtaining fuel analysis data; the first control system is used for adjusting the blending proportion of coal and biomass according to the fuel analysis data; the flue gas monitoring system is connected with a flue gas outlet of the boiler and is used for sending detected flue gas data to the second control system; the ash deposition and slag bonding prevention system comprises a sound wave ash blowing device; the second control system can adjust starting parameters of the sound wave soot blower according to the received fuel analysis data and flue gas data so as to achieve soot formation and slagging prevention control over coal and biomass mixed combustion. The system solves the problem that a traditional coal and biomass blending combustion technology does not fully solve the balance among fuel adaptability, combustion efficiency, ash deposition and slag bonding and emission control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of coal and biomass mixed combustion, and in particular to a control system and method for preventing ash and slagging during the mixed combustion of coal and biomass. Background Art

[0002] Traditional coal and biomass mixed combustion technology is of great significance in the industrial and energy fields. However, the balance between fuel compatibility, combustion efficiency and emission control has not been fully resolved. Due to the large differences in the physical properties and chemical composition of coal and biomass, traditional combustion equipment is difficult to meet the fuel mixing requirements at different proportions, resulting in insufficient adaptability of the combustion system. In addition, volatile organic compounds are easily produced during biomass combustion, while coal combustion releases a large amount of harmful gases such as nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide, which will make emission control after mixed combustion face greater challenges.

[0003] In practical applications, the ratio adjustment of coal and biomass, the optimization of combustion parameters, and the real-time monitoring and treatment of emissions also face a number of technical challenges. At present, the automated control technology for fuel ratio adjustment is not mature enough, and there is a lack of precise adjustment methods for different mixing ratios. At the same time, the traditional combustion parameter optimization method lacks effective modeling and optimization methods for the complex coupling relationship of coal and biomass mixed combustion systems. In addition, the existing emission monitoring technology is difficult to achieve real-time monitoring and precise treatment of multiple pollutants in the process of mixed combustion of coal and biomass, and there is a lot of room for improvement. Moreover, the mixed combustion of coal and biomass will lead to increased ash accumulation and slagging, and corresponding measures need to be taken to prevent problems such as decreased combustion efficiency and deterioration of heat transfer caused by ash accumulation and slagging. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problem that traditional coal and biomass co-combustion technology has not fully solved the balance between fuel adaptability, combustion efficiency, ash and slagging and emission control, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a control system and method for preventing ash and slagging in the co-combustion of coal and biomass.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows.

[0006] A first aspect of the present invention provides a control system for preventing ash and slagging during mixed combustion of coal and biomass, which is applied to a boiler system, wherein the boiler system includes a silo and a boiler; the system includes: A fuel feeding system, comprising a fuel analysis system and a first control system, wherein the fuel analysis system is connected to a silo; the fuel analysis system is used to perform fuel data analysis on coal and biomass, and send the obtained fuel analysis data to the first control system; the first control system is used to receive the fuel analysis data, and adjust the blending ratio of coal and biomass entering the silo according to the obtained fuel analysis data; a flue gas monitoring system connected to the flue gas outlet of the boiler, for detecting the flue gas from the boiler and sending the detected flue gas data to the second control system; An anti-ash and slagging system, including a sonic sootblowing device, is arranged on the boiler; The second control system is respectively connected to the first control system, the flue gas monitoring system and the sonic soot blowing device; the second control system can receive the fuel analysis data sent by the first control system and the flue gas data sent by the flue gas monitoring system, and adjust the startup parameters of the sonic soot blowing device according to the received fuel analysis data and flue gas data, so as to realize the control of preventing ash and slagging of the mixed combustion of coal and biomass.

[0007] Preferably, the fuel analysis system includes a first fuel analysis system and a second fuel analysis system, and the fuel analysis data includes first fuel analysis data and second fuel analysis data; the first fuel analysis system is used to perform fuel data analysis on coal to obtain first fuel analysis data; the second fuel analysis system is used to perform fuel data analysis on biomass to obtain second fuel analysis data.

[0008] Preferably, the inlet of the silo is connected to a first flow control unit and a second flow control unit respectively, the first fuel analysis system is connected to the first flow control unit, and the second fuel analysis system is connected to the second flow control unit; The first control system is capable of receiving the first fuel analysis data and the second fuel analysis data, and determining the blending ratio of coal and biomass based on the obtained first fuel analysis data and the second fuel analysis data, and adjusting the opening of the first flow control unit and the second flow control unit based on the determined blending ratio of coal and biomass to allow the coal and biomass of the determined blending ratio to enter the silo.

[0009] Preferably, the silo is provided with a burner, and the burner is connected to the silo via a feeding pipe; the outlet of the silo is provided with a third flow control unit, and the primary air duct is connected to the feeding pipe via a fourth flow control unit.

[0010] Preferably, the silo is provided with a secondary air nozzle; a secondary air duct is connected to the secondary air nozzle; the second control system is connected to the secondary air duct via a fifth flow control unit; The second control system is connected to the third flow control unit and the fourth flow control unit respectively; the second control system can control the opening of the third flow control unit, the fourth flow control unit and the fifth flow control unit according to the received fuel analysis data and flue gas data.

[0011] Preferably, the smoke monitoring system is connected to the first control system, and the smoke monitoring system can send the acquired smoke data to the first control system; The first control system is capable of receiving the flue gas data sent by the flue gas monitoring system and the fuel analysis data sent by the fuel analysis system, and adjusting the opening of the first flow control unit and the second flow control unit according to the acquired flue gas data and fuel analysis data.

[0012] Preferably, the anti-ash and slagging system comprises a steam turbine; the steam turbine is connected to the boiler via a main steam pipe; the output end of the steam turbine has a sixth flow control unit, and is connected to the sonic soot blowing device via the sixth flow control unit; The second control system is connected to the sixth flow control unit; the second control system can adjust the opening of the sixth flow control unit and the start-up parameters of the sonic soot blowing device according to the acquired flue gas data and fuel analysis data.

[0013] Preferably, the output end of the sonic sootblowing device is connected to a drain pipe.

[0014] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for controlling ash and slagging prevention during mixed combustion of coal and biomass, which is performed using the control system for controlling ash and slagging prevention during mixed combustion of coal and biomass described in the first aspect; the method comprises the following steps: Obtaining fuel analysis data through a fuel analysis system and sending the data to a first control system; The first control system adjusts the blending ratio of coal powder and biomass according to the obtained fuel analysis data, so that the coal powder and biomass enter the silo according to the determined blending ratio; at the same time, the first control system sends the fuel analysis data to the second control system; The smoke detection system detects the smoke discharged from the boiler and sends the detected smoke data to the second control system; The second control system receives the fuel analysis data and the flue gas data, and adjusts the startup parameters of the sonic soot blowing device according to the received fuel analysis data and the flue gas data, so as to achieve the control of preventing ash and slagging during the mixed combustion of coal and biomass.

[0015] Preferably, the fuel analysis system includes a first fuel analysis system and a second fuel analysis system, and the fuel analysis data includes first fuel analysis data and second fuel analysis data; the first fuel analysis system is used to perform fuel data analysis on coal to obtain first fuel analysis data; the second fuel analysis system is used to perform fuel data analysis on biomass to obtain second fuel analysis data.

[0016] Beneficial effects of the present invention: 1. The present invention obtains fuel analysis data through a first control system, and controls the opening of the first flow control unit and the second flow control unit according to the fuel analysis data, so as to realize automatic control of the blending ratio of coal powder and biomass. After the coal and biomass enter the silo, they are evenly mixed to improve energy utilization efficiency. The traditional coal and biomass blending combustion system consumes a lot of energy, and the combustion mixing ratio is uncertain, the pollution emission is large, and the overall efficiency is low. Compared with the traditional coal and biomass blending combustion system, the present invention adopts a control system, according to the data output of the fuel analysis system, combined with machine learning and other algorithms to calculate the optimal mixing ratio of coal and biomass, while ensuring the combustion efficiency, reducing the emission of pollutants, and has significant economic and environmental benefits.

[0017] 2. The present invention utilizes the first control system and the flue gas monitoring system to transmit the fuel data and the flue gas data to the second control system respectively. The second control system analyzes the obtained data and then automatically controls the fuel feed, the primary air volume and the secondary air volume. The secondary air is sent to the secondary air nozzle after passing through the fifth flow control unit, and then sprayed into the boiler to participate in the combustion process of the fuel. This design realizes an intelligent integrated adaptive combustion process. The combustion results can timely guide the fuel feed and air volume, reduce energy waste, and improve energy utilization.

[0018] 3. The second control system of the present invention uses machine learning and PID control logic to adjust the supply of fuel and air, effectively reducing carbon dioxide emissions, and achieving the optimal state of the combustion process through continuous learning and adjustment.

[0019] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific embodiments, they are used to explain the present invention but do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a control system for preventing ash and slagging during mixed combustion of coal and biomass provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Description of Reference Numerals 1. The first fuel analysis system; 2. The first control system; 3. The second fuel analysis system; 4. The first flow control unit; 5. The second flow control unit; 6. The silo; 7. The third flow control unit; 8. The fourth flow control unit; 9. The second control system; 10. The feed pipe; 11. The fifth flow control unit; 12. The secondary air nozzle; 13. The burner; 14. The boiler; 15. The flue; 16. The flue gas monitoring system; 17. The sonic soot blowing device; 18. The main steam pipeline; 19. The steam turbine; 20. The sixth flow control unit.

[0022] A is the first output end of the flue gas monitoring system; A1 is the first input end of the first control system; B is the second output end of the flue gas monitoring system; B1 is the second input end of the second control system; C is the output end of the sixth flow control unit; C1 is the first input end of the sonic soot blowing device; C2 is the output end of the sonic soot blowing device; D is the fifth output end of the second control system; D1 is the second input end of the sixth flow control unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described here is only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and is not used to limit the present invention.

[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] An embodiment of the present invention provides a control system for preventing ash and slagging during the mixed combustion of coal and biomass, which is used to achieve an efficient and clean combustion process, reduce ash and slagging, and simultaneously reduce pollutant emissions and improve energy utilization efficiency.

[0026] like Figure 1 A control system for preventing ash and slagging during mixed combustion of coal and biomass is applied to a boiler system, wherein the boiler system includes a silo 6 and a boiler 14. The control system for preventing ash and slagging during mixed combustion of coal and biomass includes a fuel feeding system, a flue gas monitoring system 16, an anti-ash and slagging system and a second control system.

[0027] The fuel feeding system includes a fuel analysis system and a first control system 2. The fuel analysis system is connected to the silo 6. The fuel analysis system is used to perform fuel data analysis on coal and biomass, and send the obtained fuel analysis data to the first control system 2. The first control system 2 is used to receive the fuel analysis data, and adjust the blending ratio of coal and biomass entering the silo 6 according to the obtained fuel analysis data.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, the fuel analysis system includes a first fuel analysis system 1 and a second fuel analysis system 3, and the fuel analysis data includes first fuel analysis data and second fuel analysis data; the first fuel analysis system 1 is used to perform fuel data analysis on coal to obtain first fuel analysis data; the second fuel analysis system 3 is used to perform fuel data analysis on biomass to obtain second fuel analysis data.

[0029] Specifically, coal mainly enters the boiler system in the form of pulverized coal. The first fuel analysis system 1 is used to identify the type of pulverized coal and its physical and chemical properties, such as moisture content, calorific value, etc. For example, the first fuel analysis system is mainly composed of a spectrometer, a machine vision system, a data acquisition unit, a data processing module, and a communication interface. The first fuel analysis system 1 mainly uses a method combining spectral analysis technology with machine vision to perform fuel analysis on the pulverized coal entering the first fuel analysis system 1, obtain first fuel analysis data, and send the obtained first fuel analysis data to the first control system 2.

[0030] Specifically, the second fuel analysis system 3 is used to identify the type of biomass and its physical and chemical properties, such as moisture content, calorific value, etc. For example, the second fuel analysis system is mainly composed of a spectrometer, a machine vision system, a data acquisition unit, a data processing module, and a communication interface. The second fuel analysis system 3 mainly uses a method combining spectral analysis technology with machine vision to perform fuel analysis on the organisms entering the second fuel analysis system 3, obtain second fuel analysis data, and send the obtained second fuel analysis data to the first control system 2.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the entrance of the silo 6 is respectively connected to the first flow control unit 4 and the second flow control unit 5, the first fuel analysis system 1 is connected to the first flow control unit 4, and the second fuel analysis system 3 is connected to the second flow control unit 5; the first control system 2 is capable of receiving the first fuel analysis data and the second fuel analysis data, and determining the blending ratio of coal and biomass based on the obtained first fuel analysis data and the second fuel analysis data, and adjusting the opening of the first flow control unit 4 and the second flow control unit 5 based on the determined blending ratio of coal and biomass, so that the coal and biomass with the determined blending ratio can enter the silo 6.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, the first control system 2 can calculate the optimal mixing ratio of coal powder and biomass based on the data output of the two fuel analysis systems in combination with a machine learning algorithm, thereby reducing pollutant emissions while ensuring combustion efficiency. Specifically, the first control system 2 is used to obtain the first fuel analysis data sent by the first fuel analysis system 1 and the second fuel analysis data sent by the second fuel analysis system 3, and automatically control the mixing ratio of coal powder and biomass based on the obtained first fuel analysis data and second fuel analysis data; specifically, it is achieved by controlling the opening of the first flow control unit 4 and the second flow control unit 5. According to the determined mixing ratio of coal powder and biomass, the coal powder and biomass are respectively introduced into the silo 6 through the first flow control unit 4 and the second flow control unit 5, and then uniformly mixed in the silo 6.

[0033] like Figure 1 The input end of the first fuel analysis system 1 is connected to the coal powder feeding device; the coal powder feeding device is used to provide coal powder. The first output end of the first fuel analysis system 1 is connected to the second input end of the first control system 2; the second output end of the first fuel analysis system 1 is connected to the first input end of the first flow control unit 4; the first output end of the first control system 2 is connected to the second input end of the first flow control unit 4; the second output end of the first control system 2 is connected to the second input end of the second flow control unit 5; the input end of the second fuel analysis system 3 is connected to the biomass feeding device; the first output end of the second fuel analysis system 3 is connected to the third input end of the first control system 2; the second output end of the second fuel analysis system 3 is connected to the first input end of the second flow control unit 5; the output end of the first flow control unit 4 is connected to the first input end of the silo 6; the output end of the second flow control unit 5 is connected to the second input end of the silo 6.

[0034] The embodiment of the present invention obtains fuel analysis data through a first control system, and controls the opening of the first flow control unit and the second flow control unit according to the fuel analysis data, so as to realize automatic control of the blending ratio of coal powder and biomass. After the coal and biomass enter the silo, they are evenly mixed to improve energy utilization efficiency. The traditional coal and biomass blending combustion system consumes a lot of energy, and the combustion mixing ratio is uncertain, the pollution emission is large, and the overall efficiency is low. Compared with the traditional coal and biomass blending combustion system, the embodiment of the present invention adopts a control system, which calculates the optimal mixing ratio of coal and biomass according to the data output of the fuel analysis system, combined with algorithms such as machine learning, which reduces the emission of pollutants while ensuring the combustion efficiency, and has significant economic and environmental benefits.

[0035] In one embodiment of the present invention, the biomass feeding device is used to provide biomass, and the biomass includes agricultural waste, forestry waste, oil plant waste, energy crop waste, etc. Among them, agricultural waste includes but is not limited to corn straw, wheat straw, rice straw and other crop straws, as well as rice husks, peanut shells, sugarcane bagasse, and cottonseed husks. Forestry waste includes but is not limited to tree pruning branches, wood processing scraps, wood chips, tree roots, and bark. Oil plant waste includes but is not limited to the residues remaining after squeezing or extraction of rapeseed, soybean, sunflower, jatropha, tung oil, etc. Energy crop waste includes but is not limited to the residues remaining after processing of sweet sorghum, sugarcane, cassava, etc.

[0036] In order to obtain flue gas data and realize automatic control of the blending ratio of pulverized coal and biomass based on the flue gas data, such as Figure 1 The flue gas monitoring system 16 is connected to the flue gas outlet of the boiler 14 and is used to detect the flue gas from the boiler 14 and send the detected flue gas data to the second control system 9.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, the flue gas monitoring system 16 is connected to the first control system 2, and the flue gas monitoring system 16 can send the acquired flue gas data to the first control system 2; the first control system 2 can receive the flue gas data sent by the flue gas monitoring system 16 and the fuel analysis data sent by the fuel analysis system, and adjust the opening of the first flow control unit 4 and the second flow control unit 5 according to the acquired flue gas data and fuel analysis data, so as to realize automatic control of the mixing ratio of coal powder and biomass.

[0038] In order to prevent ash and slagging during the co-combustion of pulverized coal and biomass to the greatest extent possible and to improve the heat transfer efficiency and equipment operation stability, Figure 1 , the anti-ash and slagging system includes a sonic sootblowing device 17, and the sonic sootblowing device 17 is arranged on the boiler 14. In a preferred embodiment, the output end of the sonic sootblowing device 17 is connected to the drain pipe. In a preferred embodiment, the anti-ash and slagging system includes a steam turbine 19; the steam turbine 19 is connected to the boiler 14 through the main steam pipe 18; the output end of the steam turbine 19 has a sixth flow control unit 20, and the sonic sootblowing device 17 is connected through the sixth flow control unit 20; the second control system 9 is connected to the sixth flow control unit 20; the second control system 9 can adjust the opening of the sixth flow control unit 20 and adjust the startup parameters of the sonic sootblowing device 17 according to the acquired flue gas data and fuel analysis data.

[0039] The second control system 9 is respectively connected to the first control system 2, the flue gas monitoring system 16 and the sonic soot blowing device 17 through wires or signals; the second control system 9 can receive the fuel analysis data sent by the first control system 2 and the flue gas data sent by the flue gas monitoring system 16, and adjust the startup parameters of the sonic soot blowing device 17 according to the received fuel analysis data and flue gas data, so as to realize the control of preventing ash accumulation and slagging in the mixed combustion of coal and biomass.

[0040] The silo 6 is provided with a burner 13, which is connected to the silo 6 through a feed pipe 10; the outlet of the silo 6 is provided with a third flow control unit 7, and the primary air duct is connected to the feed pipe 10 through a fourth flow control unit 8. The silo 6 is provided with a secondary air nozzle 12; the secondary air duct is connected to the secondary air nozzle 12; the second control system 9 is connected to the secondary air duct through a fifth flow control unit 11; the second control system 9 is respectively connected to the third flow control unit 7 and the fourth flow control unit 8; the second control system 9 can control the opening of the third flow control unit 7, the fourth flow control unit 8 and the fifth flow control unit 11 according to the received fuel analysis data and flue gas data.

[0041] In the embodiment of the present invention, after the first control system and the flue gas monitoring system transmit the fuel data and the flue gas data to the second control system respectively, the second control system analyzes the obtained data and then automatically controls the fuel feed amount, the primary air volume and the secondary air volume. The secondary air is sent to the secondary air nozzle after passing through the fifth flow control unit, and then sprayed into the boiler to participate in the combustion process of the fuel. This design realizes an intelligent integrated adaptive combustion process, and the combustion results can timely guide the fuel feed amount and air volume, reduce energy waste, and improve energy utilization.

[0042] The fuel feeding system is used to realize the feeding and flow control of coal powder and biomass. The fuel feeding system includes a first fuel analysis system 1, a first control system 2, a second fuel analysis system 3, a first flow control unit 4 and a second flow control unit 5. The first flow control unit 4 is specifically a first flow controller, and the second flow control unit 5 is specifically a second flow controller.

[0043] In one embodiment of the present invention, after the coal powder enters the first fuel analysis system 1 for fuel analysis, the obtained first fuel analysis data is sent to the first control system 2; at the same time, after the biomass enters the second fuel analysis system 3 for fuel analysis, the obtained second fuel analysis data is also sent to the first control system 2; the first control system 2 is capable of receiving the first fuel analysis data and the second fuel analysis data, and according to the received first fuel analysis data and second fuel analysis data, by controlling the opening of the first flow control unit 4 and the second flow control unit 5, it is used to realize automatic control of the mixing ratio of coal powder and biomass, and the coal powder and biomass are evenly mixed after entering the silo 6.

[0044] In one embodiment of the present invention, the feed pipe 10 is used to transport a mixed fuel of pulverized coal and biomass. The silo 6 is connected to the feed pipe 10 through the third flow control unit 7. The boiler 14 is provided with a burner 13, and the feed pipe 10 is connected to the burner 13; the flue gas outlet of the boiler 14 is connected to the flue 15, and the flue 15 is connected to the flue gas monitoring system 16. Specifically, when the pulverized coal and biomass are mixed and burned, the mixed fuel of pulverized coal and biomass in the silo 6 enters the feed pipe 10 after passing through the third flow control unit 7, the first fan is used to provide primary air, and the air outlet of the first fan is connected to the fourth flow control unit 8. The primary air provided by the first fan, after passing through the fourth flow control unit 8, carries the mixed fuel of pulverized coal and biomass into the burner 13, ignites the burner 13, and then makes the mixed fuel of pulverized coal and biomass be sprayed into the boiler 14 for combustion, and the flue gas generated by the combustion of the mixed fuel enters the flue 15 from the flue gas outlet of the boiler 14, and enters the flue gas monitoring system 16 through the flue 15, and the flue gas components and content are detected. The flue gas monitoring system 16 is mainly used to detect the composition and content of the flue gas coming out of the flue 15 and obtain flue gas data. By controlling the primary air volume, it helps to adjust the speed of the mixed fuel fed into the boiler 14. And in conjunction with the opening of the third flow control unit 7 and the fourth flow control unit 8, it is used to adjust the amount of the mixed fuel fed into the boiler 14.

[0045] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first output terminal A of the flue gas monitoring system 16 is connected to the first input terminal A1 of the first control system 2; the flue gas monitoring system 16 can send the acquired flue gas data to the first control system 2; the first control system 2 can receive the flue gas data sent by the flue gas monitoring system 16, and analyze the received flue gas data, and then according to the analysis results of the flue gas data and the received first fuel analysis data and second fuel analysis data, by controlling the opening of the first flow control unit 4 and the second flow control unit 5, automatic control of the mixing ratio of coal powder and biomass is achieved.

[0046] In one embodiment of the present invention, the control system for preventing ash and slagging during mixed combustion of coal and biomass includes an adaptive combustion regulation system; the adaptive combustion regulation system includes a second control system 9, a fifth flow control unit 11 and a secondary air nozzle 12. The third output end of the first control system 2 is connected to the first input end of the second control system 9; the second output end B of the flue gas monitoring system 16 is connected to the second input end B1 of the second control system 9; the first output end of the second control system 9 is connected to the second input end of the third flow control unit 7; the second output end of the second control system 9 is connected to the second input end of the fourth flow control unit 8; the third output end of the second control system 9 is connected to the second input end of the fifth flow control unit 11; the boiler 14 has a secondary air nozzle 12, the output end of the fifth flow control unit 11 is connected to the secondary air nozzle 12, the second fan is used to provide secondary air, the outlet of the second fan is connected to the fifth flow control unit 11, and the secondary air provided by the second fan is sent to the secondary air nozzle 12 after passing through the fifth flow control unit 11, and then sprayed into the boiler 14 to participate in the combustion process of the fuel. By controlling the volume of the secondary air, it is helpful to adjust the oxygen content in the boiler 14.

[0047] Specifically, the first control system 2 can send the received first fuel analysis data and second fuel analysis data to the second control system 9 , and at the same time, the flue gas monitoring system 16 can send the obtained flue gas data to the second control system 9 .

[0048] The second control system 9 is capable of receiving the first fuel analysis data and the second fuel analysis data sent by the first control system 2 and the flue gas data sent by the flue gas monitoring system 16, and analyzing the received data, and then according to the analysis results, by controlling the opening of the third flow control unit 7, the fourth flow control unit 8 and the fifth flow control unit 11, it is used to realize automatic control of the fuel feed amount, the primary air volume and the secondary air volume.

[0049] In order to remove the ash accumulation on the tube wall of the boiler 14 , in one embodiment of the present invention, the coal and biomass mixed combustion anti-ash accumulation and slagging control system includes a sonic soot blowing device 17 , a main steam pipe 18 , a steam turbine 19 and a sixth flow control unit 20 .

[0050] The sonic sootblower 17 is used to remove the ash deposited on the tube wall surface of the boiler 14. Specifically, the sonic sootblower 17 is an existing device, and the working principle of the sonic sootblower is to convert steam or compressed air into high-power sound waves or infrasound waves and send them into the furnace. High-power sound waves or infrasound waves are pressure waves that propagate in a space medium, such as gas, in the form of sparse-dense waves. When the ash deposited on the heating surface is repeatedly pulled and compressed by the sparse-dense waves that alternate at a certain frequency, it loosens and falls off due to fatigue and is carried away with the flue gas flow, or sinks to the ash hopper and is discharged under the action of gravity.

[0051] In this embodiment, the sonic sootblowing device 17 is arranged on the boiler 14; the sonic sootblowing device 17 is driven by steam. Specifically, the fourth output end of the second control system 9 is connected to the second input end of the sonic sootblowing device 17, the boiler 14 is connected to the steam turbine 19 through the main steam pipeline 18, the second output end of the steam turbine 19 is connected to the first input end of the sixth flow control unit 20, the fifth output end D of the second control system 9 is connected to the second input end D1 of the sixth flow control unit 20, the output end C of the sixth flow control unit 20 is connected to the first input end C1 of the sonic sootblowing device 17, and the output end C2 of the sonic sootblowing device 17 is connected to the drain pipeline.

[0052] Specifically, when the ratio of coal powder and biomass to be blended changes, the second control system 9 intelligently adjusts the opening of the sixth flow control unit 20 and the frequency and sound intensity of the sonic soot blowing device 17 and other parameters according to the fuel analysis data and the flue gas data, so as to prevent ash and slagging of coal powder and biomass during the blending process to the greatest extent possible, thereby improving the heat transfer efficiency and the stability of equipment operation.

[0053] In one embodiment of the present invention, the second control system 9 mainly uses machine learning and PID control logic to adjust the supply of fuel and air, and achieves the optimal state of the combustion and heat transfer process through continuous learning and adjustment. For example, the operation process of machine learning and PID control logic combines historical data analysis with real-time feedback mechanism. First, the machine learning algorithm collects and preprocesses historical data of boiler operation, trains the model to predict the combustion state, and adjusts it according to real-time data. Subsequently, the PID controller calculates the error between the set target value and the actual value, generates the control output using proportional, integral and differential algorithms, automatically adjusts the combustion air supply, fuel supply and the temperature and pressure of the combustion chamber, and realizes dynamic optimization. The machine learning algorithm and the PID controller work together to ensure efficient and stable operation of the boiler, while reducing pollutant emissions and reducing ash and slagging.

[0054] In one embodiment of the present invention, a method for controlling ash and slagging during the mixed combustion of coal and biomass comprises the following steps: Step 1, obtaining fuel analysis data through a fuel feeding system, and automatically controlling the blending ratio of pulverized coal and biomass according to the obtained fuel analysis data; specifically: The first fuel analysis system 1 performs fuel data analysis on the pulverized coal to obtain first fuel analysis data, and sends it to the first control system 2; the second fuel analysis system 3 performs fuel data analysis on the biomass to obtain second fuel analysis data, and sends it to the first control system 2; the first control system 2 receives the first fuel analysis data sent by the first fuel analysis system 1 and the second fuel analysis data sent by the second fuel analysis system 3, and determines the blending ratio of the pulverized coal and the biomass according to the obtained fuel analysis data, and then controls the opening of the first flow control unit 4 and the second flow control unit 5 respectively according to the determined blending ratio of the pulverized coal and the biomass, so that the pulverized coal and the biomass enter the silo 6 according to the determined blending ratio. The first control system 2 can also send the fuel analysis data obtained by the analysis to the second control system 9, wherein the fuel analysis data includes the first fuel analysis data and the second fuel analysis data.

[0055] Step 2, as the coal powder and biomass enter the silo 6, they are evenly mixed to obtain a mixed fuel of coal and biomass; the mixed fuel of coal and biomass in the silo 6 enters the feeding pipe 10 through the third flow control unit 7.

[0056] In step 3, the primary air is sent into the burner 13 through the fourth flow control unit 8 to carry the mixed fuel of coal and biomass and ignite it in the burner 13; then, after the mixed fuel is ignited by the burner 13, it is sprayed into the boiler 14 for combustion, and the flue gas generated by the combustion of the mixed fuel enters the flue gas monitoring system 16 through the flue 15, and the smoke composition and content are detected in the smoke gas monitoring system 16; the smoke gas monitoring system 16 can send the detected smoke data to the second control system 9.

[0057] Step 4, the second control system 9 receives the fuel analysis data sent by the first control system 2 and the flue gas data sent by the flue gas monitoring system 16, and analyzes the obtained data. Then, according to the analysis results, the second control system 9 controls the opening of the third flow control unit 7, the fourth flow control unit 8 and the fifth flow control unit 11 respectively to realize automatic control of the fuel feed amount, the primary air volume and the secondary air volume, thereby realizing adaptive combustion regulation.

[0058] Step 5, the hot steam generated by the boiler 14 enters the steam turbine 19 through the main steam pipe 18, and the steam turbine 19 can convert the thermal energy of the hot steam into mechanical energy; this is achieved by the hot steam impacting the turbine blades and causing them to rotate; then the steam turbine 19 provides compressed air to the sonic soot blowing device 17 through the sixth flow control unit 20. The sonic soot blowing device 17 uses compressed air as a power source, and converts the energy of the compressed air into sound waves through the sonic wave generator inside the sonic soot blowing device 17, and uses the generated sound waves to propagate inside the boiler 14, so that the ash in the boiler is loosened and falls off, or the ash is washed away by airflow to achieve soot blowing.

[0059] Step 6, the second control system 9 controls the opening of the sixth flow control unit 20 according to the fuel analysis data and the flue gas data to adjust the amount of compressed air entering the sonic soot blowing device 17; it can also control the frequency and sound intensity and other parameters of the sonic soot blowing device 17 to minimize the occurrence of ash and slagging during the co-firing of coal powder and biomass in the boiler 14, thereby improving the heat transfer efficiency and equipment operation stability.

[0060] In summary, one embodiment of the present invention provides a control system and method for preventing ash and slagging in the mixed combustion of coal and biomass. The system can significantly improve the combustion efficiency of the mixed combustion of coal powder and biomass, reduce the emission of pollutants, and minimize the ash and slagging in the process of coal and biomass blending. The entire system can realize automatic control, automatically adjust the supply of fuel and air, and automatically adjust parameters such as the frequency and sound intensity of the sonic soot blowing device to achieve optimization of the combustion process.

[0061] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A control system for preventing ash and slagging during the mixed combustion of coal and biomass, applied to a boiler system, wherein the boiler system comprises a silo and a boiler; characterized in that: The system includes: A fuel feeding system, comprising a fuel analysis system and a first control system, wherein the fuel analysis system is connected to a silo; the fuel analysis system is used to perform fuel data analysis on coal and biomass, and send the obtained fuel analysis data to the first control system; the first control system is used to receive the fuel analysis data, and adjust the blending ratio of coal and biomass entering the silo according to the obtained fuel analysis data; a flue gas monitoring system connected to the flue gas outlet of the boiler, for detecting the flue gas from the boiler and sending the detected flue gas data to the second control system; An anti-ash and slagging system, including a sonic sootblowing device, is arranged on the boiler; The second control system is respectively connected to the first control system, the flue gas monitoring system and the sonic soot blowing device; the second control system can receive the fuel analysis data sent by the first control system and the flue gas data sent by the flue gas monitoring system, and adjust the startup parameters of the sonic soot blowing device according to the received fuel analysis data and flue gas data, so as to realize the control of preventing ash and slagging of the mixed combustion of coal and biomass.

2. The control system for preventing ash and slagging during mixed combustion of coal and biomass according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The fuel analysis system includes a first fuel analysis system and a second fuel analysis system, and the fuel analysis data includes first fuel analysis data and second fuel analysis data; the first fuel analysis system is used to perform fuel data analysis on coal to obtain first fuel analysis data; the second fuel analysis system is used to perform fuel data analysis on biomass to obtain second fuel analysis data.

3. The control system for preventing ash and slagging during mixed combustion of coal and biomass according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The inlet of the silo is respectively connected to a first flow control unit and a second flow control unit, the first fuel analysis system is connected to the first flow control unit, and the second fuel analysis system is connected to the second flow control unit; The first control system is capable of receiving the first fuel analysis data and the second fuel analysis data, and determining the blending ratio of coal and biomass based on the obtained first fuel analysis data and the second fuel analysis data, and adjusting the opening of the first flow control unit and the second flow control unit based on the determined blending ratio of coal and biomass to allow the coal and biomass of the determined blending ratio to enter the silo.

4. The control system for preventing ash and slagging during mixed combustion of coal and biomass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The silo is provided with a burner, and the burner is connected to the silo through a feeding pipe; the outlet of the silo is provided with a third flow control unit, and the primary air duct is connected to the feeding pipe through a fourth flow control unit.

5. The control system for preventing ash and slagging during mixed combustion of coal and biomass according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The silo is provided with a secondary air nozzle; a secondary air duct is connected to the secondary air nozzle; the second control system is connected to the secondary air duct via a fifth flow control unit; The second control system is connected to the third flow control unit and the fourth flow control unit respectively; The second control system can control the opening degrees of the third flow control unit, the fourth flow control unit and the fifth flow control unit according to the received fuel analysis data and flue gas data.

6. The control system for preventing ash and slagging during mixed combustion of coal and biomass according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The smoke monitoring system is connected to the first control system, and the smoke monitoring system can send the acquired smoke data to the first control system; The first control system is capable of receiving the flue gas data sent by the flue gas monitoring system and the fuel analysis data sent by the fuel analysis system, and adjusting the opening of the first flow control unit and the second flow control unit according to the acquired flue gas data and fuel analysis data.

7. The control system for preventing ash and slagging during mixed combustion of coal and biomass according to claim 6, characterized in that: The anti-ash and slagging system comprises a steam turbine; the steam turbine is connected to the boiler through a main steam pipeline; the output end of the steam turbine has a sixth flow control unit, and is connected to the sonic soot blowing device through the sixth flow control unit; The second control system is connected to the sixth flow control unit; the second control system can adjust the opening of the sixth flow control unit and the start-up parameters of the sonic soot blowing device according to the acquired flue gas data and fuel analysis data.

8. The control system for preventing ash and slagging during mixed combustion of coal and biomass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the sonic sootblowing device is connected to a drain pipe.

9. A method for controlling ash and slagging during the mixed combustion of coal and biomass, characterized in that: The method is carried out by using the control system for preventing ash and slagging of the mixed combustion of coal and biomass as claimed in claim 1; the method comprises the following steps: Obtaining fuel analysis data through a fuel analysis system and sending the data to a first control system; The first control system adjusts the blending ratio of coal powder and biomass according to the obtained fuel analysis data, so that the coal powder and biomass enter the silo according to the determined blending ratio; at the same time, the first control system sends the fuel analysis data to the second control system; The smoke detection system detects the smoke discharged from the boiler and sends the detected smoke data to the second control system; The second control system receives the fuel analysis data and the flue gas data, and adjusts the startup parameters of the sonic soot blowing device according to the received fuel analysis data and the flue gas data, so as to achieve the control of preventing ash and slagging during the mixed combustion of coal and biomass.

10. The method for controlling ash and slagging prevention during mixed combustion of coal and biomass according to claim 9, characterized in that: The fuel analysis system includes a first fuel analysis system and a second fuel analysis system, and the fuel analysis data includes first fuel analysis data and second fuel analysis data; the first fuel analysis system is used to perform fuel data analysis on coal to obtain first fuel analysis data; the second fuel analysis system is used to perform fuel data analysis on biomass to obtain second fuel analysis data.

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