Single-ring shield tunnel segment floating test device and test method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of single-ring shield tunnel segment floating test equipment, in particular to a single-ring shield tunnel segment floating test device which comprises a model box, a shield tail gap simulation assembly, a simulation segment, a segment adjacent ring action simulation system and a floating detection system. The cross section of the model box is of a hollow rectangular structure without a top plate, a simulated shield tail gap assembly is arranged in the containing cavity, a simulated duct piece is arranged in the simulated shield tail gap assembly, the two sides of the simulated duct piece are connected with a duct piece adjacent ring action simulation system respectively, and a floating detection system is arranged on the simulated duct piece; the duct piece grouting floating process in the actual shield tunnel construction process can be truly simulated, grout is injected into the gap between the simulated shield tail gap and the simulated duct piece, the grout is fluid at the beginning, floating occurs due to the fact that the buoyancy borne by the duct piece is larger than the gravity of the duct piece, and the floating detection system monitors and records the floating displacement of the duct piece in real time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of single-ring shield tunnel segment floating test equipment, and in particular to a single-ring shield tunnel segment floating test device and a test method thereof. Background Art

[0002] During the shield tunneling process, the segments are assembled in place in advance inside the shield shell, and then the shield machine advances forward under the thrust of the hydraulic jack, and the segments inside the shield shell gradually come out of the shield tail. Due to the thickness of the shield shell, there will be a circle of gaps between the segments and the surrounding soil after they come out of the shield tail. If the gaps are not filled in time, the soil around the gaps will collapse due to loss of support, and then the ground will sink, causing adverse effects on ground infrastructure and buildings. As the shield machine moves forward, synchronous grouting around the shield tail is used to fill the gaps between the segments and the surrounding soil.

[0003] After grouting, it takes a certain amount of time for the slurry to solidify. Before solidification, the slurry is in a fluid state with a high density. The segments are surrounded by the fluid. Since the segments are hollow cylinders, the buoyancy they experience in the fluid slurry is greater than their own gravity, so the segments float up. During the construction of large-diameter shield tunnels, the risks of segment misalignment and pipe seam leakage caused by the floating of the segments are increasing.

[0004] The existing segment floating simulation device has the following shortcomings: there is a lack of research on the floating process of a single-ring segment in the synchronous grouting slurry after it escapes from the tail of the shield machine. The patent document with application number 202311169875.X discloses a device and method for simulating the floating test of a rectangular shield tunnel segment, a lining structure attached to the inner wall of the shield structure, the lining structure comprising a plurality of segment rings arranged at intervals in the longitudinal direction and having a rectangular cross-section; a synchronous grouting system for simulating tunnel grouting construction, the synchronous grouting comprising a grouting system for grouting the gap between the segment ring and the stratum A grouting pipe is provided along the longitudinal length and fixed on the shield structure; a propulsion system for simulating the jacking force during shield tunneling, the propulsion system includes a plurality of jacking rods fixed to the shield structure at radial intervals and pressed against the simulated segment ring; a measuring structure, the measuring structure includes a measuring frame fixed on a formation simulation box away from the propulsion system, and a displacement meter for monitoring the buoyancy of the segment, the measuring frame is located outside the formation simulation box and is formed with a cantilever extending into the lining structure, and the displacement meter is fixed on the cantilever. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a single-ring shield tunnel segment floating test device.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention proposes a single-ring shield tunnel segment floating test device, comprising: a model box, a simulated shield tail gap component, a simulated segment, a segment adjacent ring action simulation system, and a floating detection system. The model box is provided with a accommodating cavity inside, and the cross-section of the model box is a hollow rectangular structure without a top plate. The simulated shield tail gap component is provided in the accommodating cavity of the model box, and the simulated shield tail gap component is provided in the simulated segment. The simulated shield tail gap component and the simulated segment are concentrically arranged, and the two sides of the simulated segment are respectively connected to the segment adjacent ring action simulation system, and the simulated segment is provided with the floating detection system; the segment adjacent ring action simulation system is used to simulate the interaction between the segment and its adjacent rings in actual shield tunnel construction; the floating detection system is used to measure the floating displacement of the segment. It can truly simulate the floating process of the pipe segment during the actual shield tunnel construction process. The grout is injected into the gap between the simulated shield tail gap and the simulated pipe segment. The grout is fluid at the beginning, and the buoyancy of the pipe segment is greater than its own gravity, so it floats. The floating detection system monitors and records the floating displacement of the pipe segment in real time. By understanding the floating law of the pipe segment, a scientific basis is provided for floating control and construction parameter optimization in shield tunnel construction.

[0007] As an optional implementation scheme, in the ring shield tunnel segment floating test device provided by the present invention, the simulated shield tail gap assembly includes a circular cylinder and a support, the simulated segment is arranged in the circular cylinder, the inner diameter of the circular cylinder is larger than the outer diameter of the simulated segment, both ends of the circular cylinder are provided with openings, and the circular cylinder is fixed to the bottom of the model box through the two supports. The simulated segment is inside the circular cylinder, and the circular cylinder is concentric with the simulated segment at the initial moment, the inner diameter of the circular cylinder is larger than the outer diameter of the simulated segment, so that there is a gap of a certain thickness between the circular cylinder and the simulated segment for filling slurry; by setting the circular cylinder and the support, the circular cylinder is fixed in the simulation box, thereby limiting the simulated segment from floating up and down inside the circular cylinder, so as to facilitate the simulated floating experiment.

[0008] As an optional embodiment, in the ring shield tunnel segment floating test device provided by the present invention, the simulated segment is a cylindrical structure with both ends closed and the interior hollow. The simulated segment is a cylindrical structure with both ends closed and the interior hollow, so that the floating detection system is set to detect the floating degree of the simulated segment. The hollow interior of the simulated segment reduces its own weight, and can better simulate the floating degree of the single ring shield tunnel segment after grouting, and can also more easily achieve floating.

[0009] As an optional implementation scheme, in the ring shield tunnel segment floating test device provided by the present invention, the segment adjacent ring action simulation system includes an elastic part and a fixed part, one end of the elastic part is connected to the simulated segment, and the other end is connected to the fixed part, and the fixed part is fixed to the bottom of the model box. By setting the elastic part and the fixed part, the simulated segment can be set concentrically with the simulated shield tail gap assembly at the initial position, the two ends of the elastic part are respectively connected to the simulated segment end and the fixed part end, and the other end of the fixed part is fixed to the bottom of the model box, ensuring that the elastic part can provide a stable reaction force when the simulated segment floats, simulating the mechanical constraints between adjacent rings, and the elastic part has a certain amount of deformation at the initial moment. During the experiment, when the simulated segment floats under the action of buoyancy, the spring limits the floating of the simulated segment, simulating the close connection and support between adjacent segment rings in actual construction.

[0010] As an optional implementation scheme, in the ring shield tunnel segment floating test device provided by the present invention, the floating detection system includes a limit rod, a limit rod mounting part, a sliding part, a displacement meter and a displacement meter mounting rod, the limit rod mounting part is arranged on the side of the simulated segment, the limit rod is inserted in the limit rod mounting part, the limit rod passes through the sliding part and contacts the displacement meter, the limit rod can move up and down through the sliding part, the displacement meter is connected to the displacement meter mounting rod, the displacement meter mounting rod is connected to the model box, and the sliding part is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the model box through a connecting rod. When the simulated segment begins to float due to the buoyancy, the limit rod moves upward with the simulated segment, the sliding part ensures that the limit rod can only move in the vertical direction, and the displacement meter in contact with the top of the limit rod monitors and records the vertical floating amount of the simulated segment in real time. The displacement meter mounting rod is fixedly connected to the model box to ensure that the displacement meter is always in a stable state during the test.

[0011] As an optional embodiment, in the ring shield tunnel segment floating test device provided by the present invention, the sliding part includes a shell and a ball, the shell is vertically arranged and coaxially designed with the limit rod, the ball is arranged inside the shell, the limit rod moves vertically in the shell through the ball, and the shell is connected to the connecting rod. By setting the sliding part, the simulated segment is restricted from moving up and down along the sliding part.

[0012] As an optional embodiment, in the ring shield tunnel segment floating test device provided by the present invention, the displacement meter includes a sensing probe, the sensing probe is in contact with the top of the limit rod, and the sensing probe is slidably arranged. The sensing probe in contact with the top of the limit rod and the displacement meter monitor and record the vertical floating amount of the simulated segment in real time.

[0013] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a test method based on the above-mentioned single-ring shield tunnel segment floating test device, comprising the following steps:

[0014] Step 1: At the initial moment, the simulated shield tail gap assembly is concentrically arranged with the simulated segment, and the displacement meter of the floating detection system is in contact with the limit rod of the floating detection system;

[0015] Step 2: inject slurry into the gap between the simulated shield tail gap assembly and the simulated segment. Initially, the slurry is in a fluid state to ensure that the simulated segment is completely surrounded by the slurry so that buoyancy acts on the simulated segment. When the buoyancy of the simulated segment in the fluid slurry is greater than its own gravity, the simulated segment will float up.

[0016] Step three, during the simulated segment floating process, the segment adjacent ring action simulation system limits the simulated segment floating, simulating the close connection and support between adjacent segment rings in actual construction; the up and down movement of the limit rod of the floating detection system will reflect the floating degree of the simulated segment, and the displacement meter of the floating detection system monitors and records the floating displacement of the segment in real time.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the ring shield tunnel segment floating test device provided by the present invention is provided with a model box, a simulated shield tail gap component, a simulated segment, a segment adjacent ring action simulation system, and a floating detection system. The interior of the model box is provided with a accommodating cavity, and the cross-section of the model box is a hollow rectangular structure without a top plate. The accommodating cavity of the model box is provided with a simulated shield tail gap component, and the simulated shield tail gap component is provided with a simulated segment. The two sides of the simulated segment are respectively connected to the segment adjacent ring action simulation system, and the simulated segment is provided with a floating detection system; the segment adjacent ring action simulation system is used to simulate the interaction between the segment and its adjacent rings in actual shield tunnel construction; the detection system is used to measure the floating displacement of the segment; the segment grouting floating process in the actual shield tunnel construction process can be truly simulated, slurry is injected into the gap between the simulated shield tail gap and the simulated segment, and the slurry is initially a fluid, and the buoyancy of the segment is greater than its own gravity, so it floats, and the floating detection system monitors and records the floating displacement of the segment in real time. By understanding the floating rules of the segments, a scientific basis can be provided for floating control and construction parameter optimization in shield tunnel construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the ring shield tunnel segment floating test device provided by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 A schematic top view of a ring shield tunnel segment floating test device provided by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a segment adjacent ring action simulation system of a ring shield tunnel segment floating test device provided by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 A floating detection system for the ring shield tunnel segment floating test device provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the sliding part.

[0024] [Description of Reference Numerals]

[0025] 1. Model box; 11. Accommodating cavity; 2. Simulated shield tail gap assembly; 21. Circular cylinder; 22. Support; 3. Simulated segment; 4. Simulation system of adjacent rings of segment; 41. Elastic part; 42. Fixed part; 5. Floating detection system; 51. Limit rod; 52. Limit rod mounting part; 53. Sliding part; 531. Shell; 532. Ball; 54. Displacement meter; 541. Induction probe; 55. Displacement meter mounting rod; 56. Connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention, such as first, second, up, down, left, right, front, back, etc., are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components in a certain specific posture as shown in the accompanying drawings. If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0028] In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that ordinary technicians in the field can implement it. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0029] The present invention provides a single-ring shield tunnel segment floating test device, such as Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, it includes: a model box 1, a simulated shield tail gap component 2, a simulated pipe segment 3, a pipe segment adjacent ring action simulation system 4, and a floating detection system 5. The model box 1 is provided with a accommodating cavity 11. The cross section of the model box 1 is a hollow rectangular structure without a top plate. The simulated shield tail gap component 2 is arranged in the accommodating cavity 11 of the model box 1. The simulated shield tail gap component 2 is arranged in the simulated pipe segment 3. The simulated shield tail gap component 2 and the simulated pipe segment 3 are concentrically arranged. The two sides of the simulated pipe segment 3 are respectively connected to the pipe segment adjacent ring action simulation system 4. The simulated pipe segment 3 is provided with the floating detection system 5; the pipe segment adjacent ring action simulation system 4 is used to simulate the interaction between the pipe segment and its adjacent rings in actual shield tunnel construction; the floating detection system 5 is used to measure the floating displacement of the pipe segment. It can truly simulate the floating process of the pipe segment during the actual shield tunnel construction process. The grout is injected into the gap between the simulated shield tail gap and the simulated pipe segment 3. The grout is fluid at the beginning. The buoyancy of the pipe segment is greater than its own gravity, so it floats. The floating detection system 5 monitors and records the floating displacement of the pipe segment in real time. By understanding the floating law of the pipe segment, a scientific basis is provided for floating control and construction parameter optimization in shield tunnel construction.

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, in the ring shield tunnel segment floating test device provided by the present invention, the simulated shield tail gap assembly 2 includes a circular cylinder 21 and a support 22, the simulated segment 3 is arranged inside the circular cylinder 21, the inner diameter of the circular cylinder 21 is larger than the outer diameter of the simulated segment 3, both ends of the circular cylinder 21 are provided with openings, and the circular cylinder 21 is fixed to the bottom of the model box 1 through two supports 22. The simulated segment 3 is inside the circular cylinder 21, and the circular cylinder 21 is concentric with the simulated segment 3 at the initial moment, and the inner diameter of the circular cylinder 21 is larger than the outer diameter of the simulated segment 3, so that there is a gap of a certain thickness between the circular cylinder 21 and the simulated segment 3 for filling slurry; by setting the circular cylinder 21 and the support 22, the circular cylinder 21 is fixed in the simulation box, thereby limiting the simulated segment 3 from floating up and down inside the circular cylinder 21, so as to facilitate the simulated floating experiment.

[0031] Furthermore, in the ring shield tunnel segment floating test device provided by the present invention, the simulated segment 3 is a cylindrical structure with both ends closed and the interior hollow. The simulated segment 3 is a cylindrical structure with both ends closed and the interior hollow, so that the floating detection system 5 is set to detect the floating degree of the simulated segment 3. The hollow interior of the simulated segment 3 reduces its own weight, and can better simulate the floating degree of the single ring shield tunnel segment after grouting, and can also more easily achieve floating.

[0032] In addition, in the ring shield tunnel segment floating test device provided by the present invention, the segment adjacent ring action simulation system 4 includes an elastic part 41 and a fixed part 42, one end of the elastic part 41 is connected to the simulated segment 3, and the other end is connected to the fixed part 42, and the fixed part 42 is fixed to the bottom of the model box 1. By setting the elastic part 41 and the fixed part 42, the simulated segment 3 can be set concentrically with the simulated shield tail gap component 2 at the initial position, and the two ends of the elastic part 41 are respectively connected to the end of the simulated segment 3 and the end of the fixed part 42, and the other end of the fixed part 42 is fixed to the bottom of the model box 1, ensuring that the elastic part 41 can provide a stable reaction force when the simulated segment 3 floats up, simulating the mechanical constraints between adjacent rings, and the elastic part 41 has a certain amount of deformation at the initial moment. During the experiment, when the simulated segment 3 floats up under the action of buoyancy, the spring limits the floating of the simulated segment 3, simulating the close connection and support between adjacent segment rings in actual construction. The elastic part 41 can be a spring.

[0033] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, in the ring shield tunnel segment floating test device provided by the present invention, the floating detection system 5 includes a limit rod 51, a limit rod mounting portion 52, a sliding portion 53, a displacement meter 54 and a displacement meter mounting rod 55. The limit rod mounting portion 52 is arranged on the side of the simulated segment 3, and the limit rod 51 is inserted in the limit rod mounting portion 52. The limit rod 51 passes through the sliding portion 53 and contacts the displacement meter 54. The limit rod 51 can move up and down through the sliding portion 53. The displacement meter 54 is connected to the displacement meter mounting rod 55, and the displacement meter mounting rod 55 is connected to the model box 1. The sliding portion 53 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the model box 1 through a connecting rod 56 to fix the sliding portion 53. When the simulated segment 3 starts to float due to the buoyancy, the limit rod 51 moves upward with the simulated segment 3, and the sliding part 53 ensures that the limit rod 51 can only move in the vertical direction. The displacement meter 54 in contact with the top of the limit rod 51 monitors and records the vertical floating amount of the simulated segment 3 in real time. The displacement meter mounting rod 55 is fixedly connected to the model box 1 to ensure that the displacement meter 54 is always in a stable state during the test.

[0034] like Figure 5 As shown, in the ring shield tunnel segment floating test device provided by the present invention, the sliding part 53 includes a shell 531 and a ball 532, the shell 531 is vertically arranged and coaxially designed with the limit rod 51, the ball 532 is arranged inside the shell 531, the limit rod 51 moves vertically in the shell 531 through the ball 532, and the shell 531 is connected to the connecting rod 56. By setting the sliding part 53, the simulated segment 3 is restricted from moving up and down along the sliding part 53.

[0035] Further, in the ring shield tunnel segment floating test device provided by the present invention, the displacement meter 54 includes a sensing probe 541, the sensing probe 541 is in contact with the top of the limit rod 51, and the sensing probe 541 is slidably arranged. The sensing probe 541 in contact with the top of the limit rod 51 and the displacement meter 54 monitor and record the vertical floating amount of the simulated segment 3 in real time.

[0036] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a test method based on the above-mentioned single-ring shield tunnel segment floating test device, comprising the following steps:

[0037] Step 1: At the initial moment, the simulated shield tail gap assembly 2 is concentrically arranged with the simulated segment 3, and the displacement meter 54 of the floating detection system 5 is in contact with the limit rod 51 of the floating detection system 5;

[0038] Step 2: inject slurry into the gap between the simulated shield tail gap component 2 and the simulated segment 3. Initially, the slurry is in a fluid state to ensure that the simulated segment 3 is completely surrounded by the slurry so that buoyancy acts on the simulated segment 3. When the buoyancy of the simulated segment 3 in the fluid slurry is greater than its own gravity, the simulated segment 3 will float up.

[0039] Step three, during the process of simulating the floating of the segment 3, the segment adjacent ring action simulation system 4 limits the floating of the simulated segment 3, simulating the close connection and supporting effect between adjacent segment rings in actual construction; the up and down movement of the limit rod 51 of the floating detection system 5 will reflect the floating degree of the simulated segment 3, and the displacement meter 54 of the floating detection system 5 monitors and records the floating displacement of the segment in real time.

[0040] The specific experimental steps are as follows:

[0041] At the initial moment, the elastic part 41 has a certain deformation amount to simulate the interaction force between the segment 3 and the adjacent rings, the simulated shield tail gap component 2 is concentrically arranged with the simulated segment 3, and the sensing probe 541 of the displacement meter 54 keeps in contact with the limit rod 51; then, slurry is injected into the gap between the simulated shield tail gap component 2 and the simulated segment 3. Initially, the slurry is in a fluid state to ensure that the simulated segment 3 is completely surrounded by the slurry so that the buoyancy acts on the segment. When the buoyancy of the simulated segment 3 in the fluid slurry is greater than its own gravity, the simulated segment 3 will float; finally, in the process of buoyancy of the simulated segment 3, the elastic part 41 limits the buoyancy of the simulated segment 3, simulating the close connection and support between the adjacent simulated segment 3 rings in actual construction. The movement of the limit rod 51 in the sliding part 53 will reflect the degree of buoyancy of the simulated segment 3. The displacement meter 54 monitors and records the floating displacement of the simulated segment 3 in real time, thereby completing the test of the single-ring shield tunnel segment floating test device.

[0042] It should be understood that the above description of the specific embodiments of the present invention is only for illustrating the technical route and features of the present invention, and its purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, but the present invention is not limited to the above specific implementation methods. Any changes or modifications made within the scope of the claims of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A single-ring shield tunnel segment floating test device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a model box (1), a simulated shield tail gap component (2), a simulated pipe segment (3), a pipe segment adjacent ring action simulation system (4), and a floating detection system (5). The model box (1) is provided with a receiving cavity (11) inside. The cross section of the model box (1) is a hollow rectangular structure without a top plate. The simulated shield tail gap component (2) is provided in the receiving cavity (11) of the model box (1). The simulated shield tail gap component (2) is provided in the simulated pipe segment (3). The simulated shield tail gap component (2) and the simulated pipe segment (3) are arranged concentrically. The two sides of the simulated pipe segment (3) are respectively connected to the pipe segment adjacent ring action simulation system (4). The simulated pipe segment (3) is provided with the floating detection system (5). The pipe segment adjacent ring action simulation system (4) is used to simulate the interaction between the pipe segment and its adjacent rings in actual shield tunnel construction. The floating detection system (5) is used to measure the floating displacement of the pipe segment.

2. The single-ring shield tunnel segment floating test device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The simulated shield tail gap component (2) comprises a circular cylinder (21) and a support (22); the simulated pipe segment (3) is arranged inside the circular cylinder (21); the inner diameter of the circular cylinder (21) is larger than the outer diameter of the simulated pipe segment (3); both ends of the circular cylinder (21) are provided with openings; the circular cylinder (21) is fixed to the bottom of the model box (1) via the two supports (22).

3. The single-ring shield tunnel segment floating test device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The simulated pipe segment (3) is a cylindrical structure with closed ends and a hollow interior.

4. The single-ring shield tunnel segment floating test device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The segment adjacent ring action simulation system (4) comprises an elastic part (41) and a fixed part (42), one end of the elastic part (41) is connected to the simulated segment (3), and the other end is connected to the fixed part (42), and the fixed part (42) is fixed to the bottom of the model box (1).

5. The single-ring shield tunnel segment floating test device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The floating detection system (5) comprises a limit rod (51), a limit rod mounting portion (52), a sliding portion (53), a displacement meter (54) and a displacement meter mounting rod (55); the limit rod mounting portion (52) is arranged on the side of the simulated pipe segment (3); the limit rod (51) is inserted into the limit rod mounting portion (52); the limit rod (51) passes through the sliding portion (53) and contacts the displacement meter (54); the limit rod (51) can move up and down through the sliding portion (53); the displacement meter (54) is connected to the displacement meter mounting rod (55); the displacement meter mounting rod (55) is connected to the model box (1); and the sliding portion (53) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the model box (1) through a connecting rod (56).

6. The single-ring shield tunnel segment floating test device according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The sliding part (53) comprises a shell (531) and a ball (532); the shell (531) is vertically arranged and coaxially designed with the limiting rod (51); the ball (532) is arranged inside the shell (531); the limiting rod (51) moves vertically in the shell (531) through the ball (532); and the shell (531) is connected to the connecting rod (56).

7. The single-ring shield tunnel segment floating test device according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The displacement meter (54) comprises a sensing probe (541), the sensing probe (541) is in contact with the top end of the limiting rod (51), and the sensing probe (541) is slidably arranged.

8. A test method based on the single-ring shield tunnel segment floating test device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: At the initial moment, the simulated shield tail gap assembly (2) and the simulated pipe segment (3) are arranged concentrically, and the displacement meter (54) of the floating detection system (5) is kept in contact with the limit rod (51) of the floating detection system (5); Step 2: inject slurry into the gap between the simulated shield tail gap component (2) and the simulated pipe segment (3). Initially, the slurry is in a fluid state to ensure that the simulated pipe segment (3) is completely surrounded by the slurry so that buoyancy acts on the simulated pipe segment (3). When the buoyancy of the simulated pipe segment (3) in the fluid slurry is greater than its own weight, the simulated pipe segment (3) will float up. Step 3: During the floating process of the simulated pipe segment (3), the adjacent ring action simulation system (4) of the pipe segment limits the floating of the simulated pipe segment (3), simulating the close connection and support effect between adjacent pipe segment rings in actual construction; the up and down movement of the limit rod (51) of the floating detection system (5) will reflect the floating degree of the simulated pipe segment (3), and the floating detection system (5) monitors and records the floating displacement of the pipe segment in real time.

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