Comprehensive measuring tool for friction torque and axial clearance of bearing

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical part detection equipment, in particular to a comprehensive measuring tool for friction torque and axial clearance of a bearing, which is characterized in that a displacement sensor is fixed on a magnetic gauge stand, an inner ring of the bearing to be measured is fixed with a bearing testing station at the tail end of a spindle, and an outer ring of the bearing to be measured is fixed with a bearing fixing base; the bearing test station at the tail end of the main shaft is also connected with a loading block; a stepping motor is fixed on the motor mounting base, an output shaft of the stepping motor is connected with an input end of a torque sensor through an elastic coupling, and an output end of the torque sensor is connected with the main shaft through the elastic coupling; the screw rod is arranged on the screw rod supporting seat, the hand wheel is connected with the screw rod, the screw rod applies pressure through a ball stud connected with the pressure sensor, the pressure sensor is connected with the loading rod, and the tail end of the loading rod is in point contact with the loading block; according to the invention, the detection efficiency and precision of the friction torque and the axial clearance of the bearing can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical component detection equipment, and in particular to a comprehensive measurement tool for bearing friction torque and axial clearance. Background Art

[0002] The friction torque and axial clearance of the bearing are one of the important parameters of the bearing. They affect the performance and life of the bearing. Different working conditions have different requirements for the friction torque and axial clearance of the bearing.

[0003] In actual assembly, the friction torque and axial clearance required by the corresponding requirements are obtained by controlling the axial preload, but it is difficult to accurately know the size of the preload load, which generally depends on the experience of the assembler. If the axial displacement deformation of the bearing under the axial load can be measured, the optimal preload of the shaft system can be achieved by pre-controlling the thickness difference of the paired bearing spacers or the preload gaskets of the bearings. At present, most bearing measurement equipment or tooling can only be used for single-aspect bearing parameter detection. Different detection equipment is required when detecting friction torque and axial clearance, resulting in complicated procedures and insufficient measurement accuracy, which cannot meet the needs of daily detection. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a comprehensive measurement tool for bearing friction torque and axial clearance, which solves the technical problems in the prior art that it is difficult to simultaneously detect bearing friction torque and axial clearance, as well as limited detection efficiency and accuracy.

[0005] On the one hand, the present invention provides a comprehensive measurement tool for bearing friction torque and axial clearance, including a test bench 1, a test shaft system, a spindle drive system, and an axial force loading system;

[0006] The test shaft system includes a main shaft 14, a displacement sensor 2, a magnetic table seat 3, a bearing to be tested 4, a loading block 5 and a bearing fixing base 15; the magnetic table seat 3 and the bearing fixing base 15 are fixed on the experimental table 1, the displacement sensor 2 is fixed on the magnetic table seat 3, the inner ring of the bearing to be tested 4 is fixed to the bearing test station at the end of the main shaft 14, the outer ring of the bearing to be tested 4 is fixed to the bearing fixing base 15, and the bearing test station at the end of the main shaft 14 is also connected to the loading block 5;

[0007] The spindle drive system includes a stepper motor 10, a motor mounting base 11, a torque sensor 12 and an elastic coupling 13; the motor mounting base 11 is fixed on the experimental table 1, the stepper motor 10 is fixed on the motor mounting base 11, the output shaft of the stepper motor 10 is connected to the input end of the torque sensor 12 through the elastic coupling 13, and the output end of the torque sensor 12 is connected to the spindle 14 through the elastic coupling 13;

[0008] The axial force loading system includes a handwheel 9, a pressure sensor 6, a screw 18, a screw support seat 8 and a loading rod 16; the screw support seat 8 is fixed on the experimental table 1, the screw 18 is arranged on the screw support seat 8, the handwheel 9 is connected to the screw 18, the screw 18 applies pressure by connecting the ball head bolt 7 of the pressure sensor 6, the pressure sensor 6 is connected to the loading rod 16, and the end of the loading rod 16 forms a point contact with the loading block 5.

[0009] Preferably, the bearing testing station at the end of the main shaft 14 is specifically as follows: a three-section stepped shaft with a first diameter, a second diameter and a third diameter with successively increasing diameters is formed at the end of the main shaft 14; the inner ring of the bearing 4 to be tested is fixed to the stepped shaft of the second diameter, and the loading block 5 is fixed to the stepped shaft of the third diameter.

[0010] Preferably, the magnetic base 3, the bearing fixing base 15, the motor mounting base 11, the torque sensor 12 and the screw support base 8 are all fixedly connected to the test bench 1 by bolts.

[0011] Preferably, a through hole is provided inside the bearing fixing base 15, one end of the through hole is fixed to the outer ring of the bearing 4 to be tested, and the other end of the through hole is connected to the support end cover 17 by bolts. The center of the support end cover 17 is a through hole, and the loading rod 16 is provided inside.

[0012] Preferably, a round head is processed at the end of the loading rod 16 to form a point contact with the rotating loading block 5 , and the diameter of the loading block 5 is smaller than the diameter of the inner through hole of the bearing mounting base 15 .

[0013] Preferably, an axial preload force is applied to the bearing 4 to be tested by rotating the hand wheel 9 ; and the axial preload force is collected by the pressure sensor 6 .

[0014] Preferably, the torque value measured by the torque sensor 12 is the friction torque of the bearing 4 to be measured; by placing the probe of the displacement sensor 2 close to the inner ring surface of the bearing 4 to be measured, the axial clearance of the bearing 4 to be measured is obtained according to the position change measured by the displacement sensor 2 before and after the axial preload is applied.

[0015] Preferably, the main shaft 14 and the inner ring of the bearing 4 to be tested are transitionally matched; the outer ring of the bearing 4 to be tested and the bearing fixing base 15 are transitionally matched, so that the outer ring of the bearing 4 to be tested and the bearing fixing base 15 will not rotate relative to each other.

[0016] On the one hand, the present invention provides a method for using a comprehensive measuring tool for bearing friction torque and axial clearance, characterized in that it includes the following steps:

[0017] Step S1, placing the bearing 4 to be tested in the bearing mounting base 15, and passing the main shaft 14 through the inner ring of the bearing, applying an axial preload force through the hand wheel 9 and the screw 18, reading the magnitude of the axial preload force through the pressure sensor 6, and making the first preload force magnitude that meets the test requirements be reached;

[0018] Step S2, measuring the axial clearance corresponding to the first preload force by the displacement sensor 2, starting the stepper motor 10, and the measurement value of the torque sensor 12 is the starting friction torque of the bearing 4 to be measured;

[0019] Step S3, after the speed of the stepper motor 10 reaches the first speed, the friction torque of the bearing to be tested 4 at the first speed and the first preload force is synchronously collected through the torque sensor 12, and the axial clearance of the bearing to be tested 4 at the first speed and the first preload force is synchronously collected through the displacement sensor 2 as the measurement result.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0021] (1) The present invention integrates the detection tools for friction torque and axial clearance into one system, which can simultaneously detect the friction torque and axial clearance of the bearing under different axial preload forces. This improves the detection efficiency and can reduce the errors caused by multiple clamping and disassembly, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the measurement results.

[0022] (2) The present invention adopts a simple handwheel screw loading method and a lever-type displacement sensor. The handwheel screw applies axial preload force to cause axial displacement of the inner ring of the bearing. The displacement sensor monitors the change of axial clearance in real time, and the torque sensor reads the magnitude of the friction torque. This can simplify the operation process, make the maintenance and use of the equipment more convenient and quick, and is suitable for application in actual working conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

[0024] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the comprehensive measurement tooling for bearing friction torque and axial clearance provided by the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 A partial schematic diagram of the shaft system to be tested provided by the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 A top view of the overall structure of the comprehensive measurement tool for bearing friction torque and axial clearance provided by the present invention.

[0027] Figure markings: 1-laboratory table; 2-displacement sensor; 3-magnetic table seat; 4-bearing to be tested; 5-loading block; 6-pressure sensor; 7-ball head bolt; 8-screw support seat; 9-handwheel; 10-stepping motor; 11-motor mounting base; 12-torque sensor; 13-elastic coupling; 14-spindle; 15-bearing fixing base; 16-loading rod; 17-support end cover; 18-screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned purpose, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. In addition, the present invention can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0029] In order to illustrate the effectiveness of the method proposed by the present invention, the above technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below through a specific embodiment. Figure 1 As shown, a comprehensive measuring tool for bearing friction torque and axial clearance is disclosed, comprising:

[0030] Test bench 1, spindle drive system, test shaft system and axial force loading system;

[0031] The test shaft system includes a main shaft 14, a bearing 4 to be tested and a bearing fixing base 15; the bearing fixing base 15 is fixed on the experimental table 1, and the main shaft 14 is provided with a test station for installing a single bearing 4 to be tested, and the bearing 4 to be tested is installed on the test station of the main shaft 14, and the bearing 4 to be tested is installed in the bearing fixing base 15. The main shaft 14 is a three-section stepped shaft, and the bearing test station at the end of the main shaft 14 is a T-shaped structure, that is, there is an outwardly turned edge at the end of the main shaft 14, and the turned edge can press the inner ring of the bearing downward to apply an axial force to the bearing. The other side of the end of the main shaft 14 cooperates with the loading block 5 to transmit the axial preload; the diameter of the main shaft section that cooperates with the bearing is larger than the remaining shaft section to avoid interference during the measurement process of the lever-type displacement sensor 2.

[0032] The spindle drive system includes a stepper motor 10, a motor mounting base 11, a torque sensor 12 and an elastic coupling 13. The motor mounting base 11 is connected to the test bench 1 by bolts, the stepper motor 10 is connected to the motor mounting base 11 by bolts, the output shaft of the stepper motor 10 is connected to the input end of the torque sensor 12 by the elastic coupling 13, and the output end of the torque sensor 12 is connected to the spindle 14 of the test shaft system by the elastic coupling 13. When the stepper motor 10 drives the inner ring of the bearing 4 to be tested to rotate, the output torque value of the stepper motor 10 is the same as the load torque, and the load torque is equal to the friction torque of the bearing 4 to be tested, and the torque value measured by the torque sensor 12 is the friction torque of the bearing 4 to be tested.

[0033] The axial force loading system includes a hand wheel 9, a pressure sensor 6, a screw support seat 8 and a loading rod 16. The axial preload is applied by rotating the hand wheel 9. The hand wheel 9 is connected to the screw key to transmit torque. The screw 18 is pressed on the ball stud 7 of the pressure sensor 6 by the preload force. The other end of the pressure sensor 6 is connected to the loading rod 16 by a thread. The bottom of the screw support seat 8 is fixedly connected to the experimental table 1 by bolts. After the axial load is applied by the hand wheel 9, the axial preload can be collected by the pressure sensor 6.

[0034] The interior of the bearing fixing base 15 is a stepped through hole, one end of which is used to fix the outer ring of the bearing 4 to be tested, and the other end is connected to the support end cover 17 by bolts. The center of the support end cover 17 is a through hole, and the loading rod 16 of the axial force loading system is placed. The support end cover 17 and the loading rod 16 form a clearance fit to reduce the interference with the axial preload. The side is slotted and connected to the test bench 1 with bolts.

[0035] The main shaft 14 and the inner ring of the bearing are in a transition fit, which is convenient for assembly; the outer ring of the bearing and the bearing fixing base are in a transition fit, which ensures that the outer ring of the bearing will not rotate.

[0036] The preload force applied by the loading rod 16 of the loading system acts on the rotating loading block 5. The round head at the end of the loading rod 16 forms a point contact with the rotating loading block 5. The loading block 5 acts on the end of the spindle 14, and the end of the spindle 14 transmits pressure to the inner ring of the bearing through the stepped shaft. The diameter of the loading block 5 is smaller than the diameter of the internal through hole of the bearing mounting base 15 to avoid the influence of friction torque during rotation.

[0037] In some embodiments, the present invention uses a lever contact displacement sensor 2 to measure the axial clearance to avoid interference when measuring the axial clearance of the bearing. The lever displacement sensor 2 is installed on a magnetic base 3 for easy adjustment.

[0038] In some embodiments, the torque sensor 12 used in the present invention can measure the starting friction torque and the dynamic friction torque. When measuring the bearing clearance by the lever displacement sensor 2, firstly, the sensor probe is pressed against the surface of the inner ring of the bearing to obtain a stable value A. After applying the preload, the stable value B is measured again. The bearing clearance is the value AB.

[0039] In some embodiments, the measuring tool of the present invention further includes a control part, including the speed control of the stepper motor and the transmission of the measuring signal. The contents are all prior art and will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0040] The embodiment of the present invention further discloses a method for using a comprehensive measuring tool for bearing friction torque and axial clearance, comprising:

[0041] Step S1, placing the bearing 4 to be tested in the bearing mounting base 15, and passing the main shaft 14 through the inner ring of the bearing, applying an axial preload force through the hand wheel 9 and the screw 18, reading the magnitude of the axial preload force through the pressure sensor 6, and making the first preload force magnitude that meets the test requirements be reached;

[0042] Step S2, the axial clearance corresponding to the first preload force is measured by the displacement sensor 2, and the stepper motor 10 is started. The measurement value of the torque sensor 12 is the starting friction torque of the bearing 4 to be measured.

[0043] Step S3, after the speed of the stepper motor 10 reaches the first speed, the friction torque of the bearing to be tested 4 at the first speed and the first preload force is synchronously collected through the torque sensor 12, and the axial clearance of the bearing to be tested 4 at the first speed and the first preload force is synchronously collected through the displacement sensor 2 as the measurement result.

[0044] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0045] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0046] In the present invention, the terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. The term "plurality" refers to two or more, unless otherwise clearly defined.

[0047] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A comprehensive measuring tool for bearing friction torque and axial clearance, characterized in that: include: Test bench (1), test shaft system, spindle drive system, axial force loading system; The test shaft system comprises a main shaft (14), a displacement sensor (2), a magnetic table seat (3), a bearing to be tested (4), a loading block (5) and a bearing fixing base (15); the magnetic table seat (3) and the bearing fixing base (15) are fixed on the experimental table (1), the displacement sensor (2) is fixed on the magnetic table seat (3), the inner ring of the bearing to be tested (4) is fixed to the bearing testing station at the end of the main shaft (14), the outer ring of the bearing to be tested (4) is fixed to the bearing fixing base (15), and the bearing testing station at the end of the main shaft (14) is also connected to the loading block (5); The spindle drive system comprises a stepper motor (10), a motor mounting base (11), a torque sensor (12) and an elastic coupling (13); the motor mounting base (11) is fixed on the experimental table (1), the stepper motor (10) is fixed on the motor mounting base (11), the output shaft of the stepper motor (10) is connected to the input end of the torque sensor (12) through the elastic coupling (13), and the output end of the torque sensor (12) is connected to the spindle (14) through the elastic coupling (13); The axial force loading system comprises a hand wheel (9), a pressure sensor (6), a screw (18), a screw support seat (8) and a loading rod (16); the screw support seat (8) is fixed on the experimental table (1), the screw (18) is arranged on the screw support seat (8), the hand wheel (9) is connected to the screw (18), the screw (18) applies pressure by connecting the ball head bolt (7) of the pressure sensor (6), the pressure sensor (6) is connected to the loading rod (16), and the end of the loading rod (16) forms a point contact with the loading block (5).

2. The comprehensive measuring tool for bearing friction torque and axial clearance according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bearing testing station at the end of the main shaft (14) is specifically as follows: a three-section stepped shaft with a first diameter, a second diameter and a third diameter whose diameters increase successively is formed at the end of the main shaft (14); the inner ring of the bearing to be tested (4) is fixed to the stepped shaft of the second diameter, and the loading block (5) is fixed to the stepped shaft of the third diameter.

3. The comprehensive measurement tool for bearing friction torque and axial clearance according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The magnetic table base (3), the bearing fixing base (15), the motor mounting base (11), the torque sensor (12) and the screw support base (8) are all fixedly connected to the experimental table (1) by bolts.

4. The comprehensive measuring tool for bearing friction torque and axial clearance according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A through hole is provided inside the bearing fixing base (15), one end of the through hole is fixed to the outer ring of the bearing to be tested (4), and the other end of the through hole is connected to the support end cover (17) by bolts. The center of the support end cover (17) is a through hole, in which the loading rod (16) is provided.

5. The comprehensive measuring tool for bearing friction torque and axial clearance according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The end of the loading rod (16) is processed into a round head to form a point contact with the rotating loading block (5), and the diameter of the loading block (5) is smaller than the diameter of the internal through hole of the bearing mounting base (15).

6. The comprehensive measuring tool for bearing friction torque and axial clearance according to claim 5 is characterized in that: An axial preload force is applied to the bearing to be tested (4) by rotating a hand wheel (9); and the axial preload force is collected by the pressure sensor (6).

7. The bearing friction torque and axial clearance comprehensive measurement tool according to claim 6 is characterized by: The torque value measured by the torque sensor (12) is the friction torque of the bearing (4) to be measured; by placing the probe of the displacement sensor (2) in close contact with the inner ring surface of the bearing (4) to be measured, the axial clearance of the bearing (4) to be measured is obtained based on the position change measured by the displacement sensor (2) before and after the axial preload force is applied.

8. The comprehensive measuring tool for bearing friction torque and axial clearance according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The main shaft (14) and the inner ring of the bearing to be tested (4) are in transitional fit; the outer ring of the bearing to be tested (4) and the bearing fixing base (15) are in transitional fit, so that the outer ring of the bearing to be tested (4) and the bearing fixing base (15) will not rotate relative to each other.

9. The method for using the bearing friction torque and axial clearance comprehensive measurement tool according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1, placing the bearing to be tested (4) in the bearing mounting base (15), and passing the main shaft (14) through the inner ring of the bearing, applying an axial preload force through the hand wheel (9) and the screw (18), reading the magnitude of the axial preload force through the pressure sensor (6), and making the first preload force magnitude that meets the test requirements be reached; Step S2, measuring the axial clearance corresponding to the magnitude of the first preload force by means of a displacement sensor (2), starting the stepper motor (10), and the measurement value of the torque sensor (12) is the starting friction torque of the bearing (4) to be measured; Step S3, after the rotation speed of the stepper motor (10) reaches the first rotation speed, the magnitude of the friction torque of the bearing to be tested (4) at the first rotation speed and the first preload force is synchronously collected through the torque sensor (12), and the magnitude of the axial clearance of the bearing to be tested (4) at the first rotation speed and the first preload force is synchronously collected through the displacement sensor (2) as the measurement result.

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