A method for detecting component missing on a circuit board based on electrical performance parameters

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of hardware reliability detection, and discloses a method for detecting the absence of circuit board components based on electrical performance parameters. The method includes obtaining the electrical performance parameters of different solder joints on the circuit board, calculating the mean value of the resistance parameter ratio according to the electrical performance parameters, calculating the mean value of the voltage parameter ratio according to the electrical performance parameters, calculating the mean value of the current parameter ratio according to the electrical performance parameters, calculating the resistance parameter ratio threshold according to the mean value of the resistance parameter ratio, calculating the voltage parameter ratio threshold according to the mean value of the resistance parameter ratio, calculating the current parameter ratio threshold according to the mean value of the resistance parameter ratio, and judging whether an electronic component is missing based on the first judgment function according to the mean value of the resistance parameter ratio, the mean value of the voltage parameter ratio, the mean value of the current parameter ratio, the resistance parameter ratio threshold, the voltage parameter ratio threshold, and the current parameter ratio threshold. When it is determined that an electronic component is missing, the missing type is judged based on the second judgment function. The method improves the accuracy of fault judgment of circuit board components.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hardware reliability detection, and particularly to a method for detecting the absence of circuit board components based on electrical performance parameters. Background Art

[0002] In the field of circuit board detection, the fault detection of components is the key to ensuring the normal operation and reliability of the circuit board. Faults or failures in the circuit board can cause abnormal device functions and even lead to serious problems such as short circuits or open circuits. Therefore, how to accurately detect the absence of components and promptly perform fault troubleshooting has become an important technical problem in the field of circuit board detection. Currently, the accuracy and applicability of the detection method directly affect the quality of circuit board production and maintenance. In an existing technology.

[0003] In the existing technology, a method for detecting the absence of components using resistance values discloses a technique for detecting component absence through resistance. However, this method is only applicable to circuit boards composed of resistors and cannot be effectively applied to circuit boards containing inductors. Moreover, this method ignores the electrical performance differences of components in normal operation, short circuit, and open circuit states, so the detection results are not comprehensive enough. In addition, the image-based component absence detection method and the PCB image-based detection method proposed in this technology have relatively high detection accuracy. However, due to the limitation that image detection cannot distinguish between open circuit, short circuit, and other fault conditions, the accuracy of fault type judgment is relatively low, and it is difficult to meet the detection requirements for multiple fault types. Therefore, the existing methods have obvious deficiencies in terms of applicability, accuracy of fault type judgment, and detection comprehensiveness.

[0004] In summary, the component absence method based on resistance detection has relatively limited applicability, is only applicable to resistor components, lacks applicability to circuit boards containing multiple components such as inductors, and does not consider the electrical performance differences of components in different fault states. In addition, although the image detection method in the existing technology has relatively high detection accuracy, it cannot effectively identify different fault types, especially the problem of not being able to determine what type of electronic component is missing to cause the fault. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a method for detecting the absence of circuit board components based on electrical performance parameters to solve the problem in the existing technology that the absence of multiple components on the circuit board cannot be accurately detected.

[0006] In a first aspect, to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for detecting the absence of circuit board components based on electrical performance parameters, including:

[0007] Obtaining the electrical performance parameters of different solder joints in the circuit board; wherein, the electrical performance parameters include voltage values and current values;

[0008] Based on the electrical performance parameters, calculate the average value of the resistance parameter ratio to obtain the average value of the resistance parameter ratio;

[0009] Based on the electrical performance parameters, calculate the average value of the voltage parameter ratio to obtain the average value of the voltage parameter ratio;

[0010] Based on the electrical performance parameters, calculate the average value of the current parameter ratio to obtain the average value of the current parameter ratio;

[0011] Based on the average value of the resistance parameter ratio, calculate the threshold value of the resistance parameter ratio to obtain the threshold value of the resistance parameter ratio;

[0012] Based on the average value of the resistance parameter ratio, calculate the threshold value of the voltage parameter ratio to obtain the threshold value of the voltage parameter ratio;

[0013] Based on the average value of the resistance parameter ratio, calculate the threshold value of the current parameter ratio to obtain the threshold value of the current parameter ratio;

[0014] Based on the average value of the resistance parameter ratio, the average value of the voltage parameter ratio, the average value of the current parameter ratio, the threshold value of the resistance parameter ratio, the threshold value of the voltage parameter ratio, and the threshold value of the current parameter ratio, determine whether the electronic component is missing based on the first judgment function;

[0015] When it is determined that the electronic component is missing, determine the missing type based on the second judgment function.

[0016] Preferably, based on the electrical performance parameters, calculating the average value of the resistance parameter ratio to obtain the average value of the resistance parameter ratio includes:

[0017] Calculate the resistance parameter ratio of the welding contact point through the following formula:

[0018]

[0019] where γ xi is the resistance parameter ratio of the i-th welding contact point, β yi is the voltage value of the i-th welding contact point, and α yi is the current value of the i-th welding contact point;

[0020] Calculate the average value of the resistance parameter ratio through the following formula:

[0021]

[0022] where γ s is the average value of the resistance parameter ratio, γ xi is the resistance parameter ratio of the i-th welding contact point, and n is the total number of welding contact points on the circuit board.

[0023] Preferably, based on the electrical performance parameters, calculating the average value of the voltage parameter ratio to obtain the average value of the voltage parameter ratio includes:

[0024] The average value of the voltage parameter ratio is calculated by the following formula:

[0025]

[0026] where β m is the average value of the voltage parameter ratio, β yi is the voltage value of the i-th solder contact point, and n is the total number of solder contact points on the circuit board.

[0027] Preferably, according to the average value of the resistance parameter ratio, a resistance parameter ratio threshold is calculated to obtain a resistance parameter ratio threshold, including:

[0028] The resistance parameter ratio threshold is calculated by the following formula:

[0029] Δγ = a + b×γ s

[0030] where Δγ is the resistance parameter ratio threshold, γ s is the average value of the resistance parameter ratio, and a and b are preset coefficients.

[0031] Preferably, according to the average value of the resistance parameter ratio, a voltage parameter ratio threshold is calculated to obtain a voltage parameter ratio threshold, including:

[0032] The voltage parameter ratio threshold is calculated by the following formula

[0033] Δβ = c + d×γ s

[0034] where Δβ is the voltage parameter ratio threshold, γ s is the average value of the resistance parameter ratio, and c and d are preset coefficients.

[0035] Preferably, according to the average value of the resistance parameter ratio, a current parameter ratio threshold is calculated to obtain a current parameter ratio threshold, including:

[0036] The current parameter ratio threshold is calculated by the following formula

[0037] Δα = e + f×γ s

[0038] where Δα is the current parameter ratio threshold, γ s is the average value of the resistance parameter ratio, and e and f are preset coefficients.

[0039] Preferably, according to the average value of the resistance parameter ratio, the average value of the voltage parameter ratio, the average value of the current parameter ratio, the resistance parameter ratio threshold, the voltage parameter ratio threshold, and the current parameter ratio threshold, based on the first judgment function, it is determined whether an electronic component is missing, including:

[0040] Judge whether an electronic component is missing through the following first judgment function:

[0041] S1(x) = (γ s -Δγ)·ln(β m -Δβ)+(α m -Δα)

[0042] where γ s is the mean value of the resistance parameter ratio, β m is the mean value of the voltage parameter ratio, α m is the mean value of the current parameter ratio, Δγ is the resistance parameter ratio threshold, Δβ is the voltage parameter ratio threshold, and Δα is the current parameter ratio threshold;

[0043] When S1(x) > 0, it is determined that the circuit board components are missing;

[0044] When S1(x) ≤ 0, it is determined that the circuit board components are not missing.

[0045] Preferably, when it is determined that an electronic component is missing, based on the second judgment function, judge the missing type, including:

[0046] Judge the missing type of the electronic component through the following second judgment function:

[0047]

[0048] γ s is the mean value of the resistance parameter ratio, β m is the mean value of the voltage parameter ratio, α m is the mean value of the current parameter ratio, Δγ is the resistance parameter ratio threshold, Δβ is the voltage parameter ratio threshold, Δα is the current parameter ratio threshold, and g, h, and k are weighting coefficients;

[0049] When S2(x) is less than the first threshold, it is determined that the circuit board resistance component is missing;

[0050] When the first threshold is less than or equal to S2(x), and S2(x) is less than or equal to the second threshold, it is determined that the circuit board capacitor component is missing;

[0051] When the second threshold is less than or equal to S2(x), and S2(x) is less than or equal to the third threshold, it is determined that the circuit board inductor component is missing;

[0052] When S2(x) is greater than or equal to the third threshold, it is determined that multiple components of the circuit board are missing.

[0053] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a system for detecting missing circuit board components based on electrical performance parameters, including:

[0054] A data acquisition module that acquires the electrical performance parameters of different solder joints on the circuit board;

[0055] A resistance parameter ratio average value calculation module, which calculates the average value of the resistance parameter ratio according to the electrical performance parameters to obtain the average value of the resistance parameter ratio;

[0056] A voltage parameter ratio average value calculation module, which is used to calculate the average value of the voltage parameter ratio according to the electrical performance parameters to obtain the average value of the voltage parameter ratio;

[0057] A current parameter ratio average value calculation module, which is used to calculate the average value of the current parameter ratio according to the electrical performance parameters to obtain the average value of the current parameter ratio;

[0058] A resistance parameter ratio threshold calculation module, which is used to calculate the resistance parameter ratio threshold according to the average value of the resistance parameter ratio to obtain the resistance parameter ratio threshold;

[0059] A voltage parameter ratio threshold calculation module, which is used to calculate the voltage parameter ratio threshold according to the average value of the resistance parameter ratio to obtain the voltage parameter ratio threshold;

[0060] A current parameter ratio threshold calculation module, which is used to calculate the current parameter ratio threshold according to the average value of the resistance parameter ratio to obtain the current parameter ratio threshold;

[0061] A first judgment module, which is used to judge whether an electronic component is missing according to the average value of the resistance parameter ratio, the average value of the voltage parameter ratio, the average value of the current parameter ratio, the resistance parameter ratio threshold, the voltage parameter ratio threshold and the current parameter ratio threshold according to a first judgment function;

[0062] A second judgment module, which is used to judge the missing type based on a second judgment function when it is determined that an electronic component is missing.

[0063] In a third aspect, the present invention further provides an electronic device, including a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements a method for detecting the missing of circuit board components based on electrical performance parameters as described in any one of the above.

[0064] In a fourth aspect, the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, which includes a stored computer program. Wherein, when the computer program runs, it controls the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located to execute a method for detecting the missing of circuit board components based on electrical performance parameters as described in any one of the above.

[0065] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: By obtaining the electrical performance parameters, the mean value of the resistance parameter ratio, the mean value of the voltage parameter ratio, and the mean value of the current parameter ratio are calculated. By using the mean value of the resistance parameter ratio, the threshold value of the resistance parameter ratio, the threshold value of the voltage parameter ratio, and the threshold value of the current parameter ratio are calculated. The first judgment function is used to detect whether components are missing, and the second judgment function is used to determine the missing type. This method improves the detection accuracy and solves the problem in the prior art that it is impossible to accurately detect the missing of multiple components. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0066] Figure 1 FIG. is a schematic flowchart of a method for detecting missing components on a circuit board based on electrical performance parameters provided by the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 2 FIG. is a schematic diagram of a system for detecting missing components on a circuit board based on electrical performance parameters provided by the second embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0068] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0069] Referring to Figure 1 , the first embodiment of the present invention provides a method for detecting missing components on a circuit board based on electrical performance parameters, including the following steps:

[0070] S11. Obtain the electrical performance parameters of different solder joints on the circuit board;

[0071] S12. Calculate the mean value of the resistance parameter ratio according to the electrical performance parameters to obtain the mean value of the resistance parameter ratio;

[0072] S13. Calculate the mean value of the voltage parameter ratio according to the electrical performance parameters to obtain the mean value of the voltage parameter ratio;

[0073] S14. Calculate the mean value of the current parameter ratio according to the electrical performance parameters to obtain the mean value of the current parameter ratio;

[0074] S15. Calculate the threshold value of the resistance parameter ratio according to the mean value of the resistance parameter ratio to obtain the threshold value of the resistance parameter ratio;

[0075] S16. Calculate the threshold value of the voltage parameter ratio according to the mean value of the resistance parameter ratio to obtain the threshold value of the voltage parameter ratio;

[0076] S17. Calculate the current parameter ratio threshold based on the average value of the resistance parameter ratios to obtain the current parameter ratio threshold.

[0077] S18. Based on the average value of the resistance parameter ratios, the average value of the voltage parameter ratios, the average value of the current parameter ratios, the resistance parameter ratio threshold, the voltage parameter ratio threshold, and the current parameter ratio threshold, determine whether an electronic component is missing based on the first judgment function.

[0078] S19. When it is determined that an electronic component is missing, determine the type of missing based on the second judgment function.

[0079] In step S11, obtain the electrical performance parameters of different solder joints on the circuit board.

[0080] It should be noted that in step S11, in order to obtain the electrical performance parameters of different solder joints on the circuit board, that is, the voltage value and current value of each solder joint, the following specific steps need to be carried out in sequence to ensure the accuracy and consistency of the data.

[0081] First, place the circuit board to be tested on a dedicated test platform and fix the circuit board to prevent movement or vibration during the test, thereby affecting the measurement results. Next, connect the power supply to ensure that the circuit board is in a normal working state and maintain the standard working voltage of the circuit board. To ensure the accuracy of voltage and current measurements, it is recommended to use a constant voltage source during the measurement to prevent voltage fluctuations from interfering with the measurement.

[0082] Then, use a high-precision digital multimeter or electrical performance tester to measure each solder joint on the circuit board respectively. Specifically, the voltage measurement steps are as follows: Connect the positive and negative measurement probes of the multimeter to both ends of the target solder joint respectively, ensure that the probes are in good contact, and avoid unstable readings caused by poor contact. At this time, read the voltage value of this solder joint on the display screen and record it accurately. To ensure that the measurement results of each solder joint are not affected by external electromagnetic interference, the measurement can be carried out in a shielded environment, or a shielded wire can be used to connect the test equipment to improve the reliability of the data.

[0083] Next, measure the current. Connect the ammeter or test instrument in series in the circuit of the target solder joint to ensure that the ammeter and the solder joint form a closed loop to ensure that the current can flow through the measuring device normally. Read the current value of this solder joint on the instrument display screen and record it in detail as well. It should be noted that when changing the measurement position, it is necessary to ensure that the ammeter is correctly connected before each measurement starts to avoid distortion of the current measurement value due to wiring errors.

[0084] After completing the voltage and current measurements for each solder contact point, the data is recorded, sorted, and stored in an orderly manner. The data for each solder contact point includes two key parameters, namely the voltage value and the current value. For the convenience of subsequent ratio calculation and analysis, it is necessary to record them in sequence according to the number or position order of the solder contact points on the circuit board and verify them without errors. All data should be stored in a dedicated database to ensure data security and integrity, providing accurate raw data support for the calculation of the mean and threshold values of the resistance parameter ratio, voltage parameter ratio, and current parameter ratio.

[0085] During the entire measurement process, the standardized operating procedures are strictly implemented to ensure that each step meets the accuracy and consistency requirements of the measurement. By implementing the above detailed steps, the electrical performance parameters of each solder contact point on the circuit board can be obtained under the true working conditions, providing a high-precision data basis for component missing detection.

[0086] In step S12, according to the electrical performance parameters, calculate the mean value of the resistance parameter ratio to obtain the mean value of the resistance parameter ratio; including:

[0087] The resistance parameter ratio of the solder contact point is calculated by the following formula:

[0088]

[0089] where γ xi is the resistance parameter ratio of the i-th solder contact point, β yi is the voltage value of the i-th solder contact point, and α yi is the current value of the i-th solder contact point;

[0090] The mean value of the resistance parameter ratio is calculated by the following formula:

[0091]

[0092] where γ s is the mean value of the resistance parameter ratio, γ xi is the resistance parameter ratio of the i-th solder contact point, and n is the total number of solder contact points on the circuit board.

[0093] It should be noted that in step S12, by processing the electrical performance parameters obtained in the previous step, the resistance parameter ratio of each solder contact point is gradually calculated, and further the mean value of the resistance parameter ratio of the entire circuit board is obtained to provide basic data support for subsequent component missing detection. This step requires accurate calculation of the resistance parameter ratio of each solder contact point and ensures that the final mean value of the resistance parameter ratio is representative.

[0094] The specific operation process is as follows: First, for each solder contact point on the circuit board, read the voltage value and current value of this contact point in sequence. The voltage value of each solder contact point is denoted as β yi , and the current value is denoted as αyi Substitute these electrical performance parameters into the calculation formula of the resistance parameter ratio one by one to obtain the resistance parameter ratio γ of each solder contact point xi . When calculating the resistance parameter ratio of each one, it is necessary to ensure the accuracy of the voltage and current values. Therefore, high-precision testing equipment can be used and the measurement can be carried out under stable environmental conditions to avoid the influence of external interference on the data

[0095] After calculating the resistance parameter ratio γ of each solder contact point xi , accurately record the result and store it according to the number or position of the solder contact point. This ordered storage method is convenient for subsequent review and statistical analysis, and can ensure that the calculation of the resistance parameter ratio of each solder contact point is saved in a complete and clear record for quick retrieval and verification when needed

[0096] After calculating the resistance parameter ratio γ of all solder contact points xi , enter the process of calculating the average value of the resistance parameter ratio. First, sum up the resistance parameter ratio values of each solder contact point and add them one by one to get the total sum of the resistance parameter ratio Then, divide this total sum by the total number n of solder contact points on the circuit board, that is, according to the formula calculate the average value γ of the resistance parameter ratio s . When calculating the average value, ensure that each resistance parameter ratio value has been accurately recorded and no data of any solder contact point is missed during the summation, so as to ensure the accuracy and representativeness of the calculation result

[0097] The average value γ of the resistance parameter ratio s The calculation result will directly affect the subsequent judgment of component shortage. Therefore, every operation in the whole process must be accurate. During the data calculation and storage process, avoid error accumulation and ensure that all calculation results meet the requirements through multiple checks. In addition, after the calculation is completed, the rationality of the average value of the resistance parameter ratio can be verified to ensure that the average value reflects the overall resistance characteristics of the circuit board to support subsequent threshold comparison and detection judgment. The precise implementation of this step provides key basic data support for the detection of component shortage on the circuit board, making the detection results of subsequent steps more accurate and reliable

[0098] In step S13, according to the electrical performance parameters, calculate the average value of the voltage parameter ratio to obtain the average value of the voltage parameter ratio; including:

[0099] The average value of the voltage parameter ratio is calculated through the following formula:

[0100]

[0101] where β m is the average value of the voltage parameter ratio, βyi is the voltage value of the i-th solder contact point, and n is the total number of solder contacts on the circuit board.

[0102] It should be noted that in this step, by calculating the voltage values of each solder contact on the circuit board, the overall voltage parameter ratio mean value is obtained to provide a reliable data basis for subsequent missing detection.

[0103] The specific operation process is as follows: First, for each solder contact on the circuit board, measure the voltage value of each solder contact one by one, record the voltage data of each solder contact to ensure the measurement data is accurate. Denote the voltage value of the i-th solder contact as β yi and record them in order for subsequent calculation and analysis.

[0104] After the voltage values β of all solder contacts yi are all collected and recorded, enter the calculation process of the voltage parameter ratio mean value. Add up the voltage values of all solder contacts to get the sum of the voltage values, that is Then, divide this sum by the total number n of solder contacts on the circuit board, that is, according to the formula calculate the voltage parameter ratio mean value β m

[0105] During the calculation process, ensure that all voltage data is accurate and not omitted, record and summarize strictly in order to avoid any data confusion or error. After the voltage values of each solder contact are recorded in order and confirmed to be correct, the calculated voltage parameter ratio mean value β m can be used as the voltage characteristic representation of the entire circuit board to provide basic data for the subsequent detection process.

[0106] In step S14, according to the electrical performance parameters, calculate the current parameter ratio mean value to obtain the current parameter ratio mean value; including:

[0107] The current parameter ratio mean value is calculated through the following formula:

[0108]

[0109] where α m is the current parameter ratio mean value, α yi is the current value of the i-th solder contact point, and n is the total number of solder contacts on the circuit board.

[0110] It should be noted that in step S14, through the pre-collected electrical performance parameters, the current values of each solder contact on the circuit board are processed to gradually obtain the current parameter ratio mean value, providing key current reference data for component missing detection.

[0111] The specific process is as follows: First, for each solder contact point on the circuit board, measure and record the current value of that contact point in sequence. Mark the current value of the i-th solder contact point as α yi The current values of all solder contact points need to be recorded in order, and ensure that each measurement process strictly follows the standard operation steps to guarantee the accuracy and consistency of the data. The current value α of each solder contact point yi is recorded in the data table for subsequent calculation and analysis.

[0112] After all the current values α of the solder contact points yi are all recorded, start calculating the average value α of the current parameters ratio m First, add up the current values of each solder contact point one by one to get the total current Then, divide the total current by the total number n of solder contact points to get the average value α of the current parameters ratio m , and the specific calculation formula is When performing the addition operation, it is necessary to repeatedly check the current values of all solder contact points to ensure that there is no omission or duplication of data.

[0113] The calculation result of the average value α of the current parameters ratio m will be used to further judge the overall current characteristics of the circuit board and serve as an important reference in the component missing detection process. To ensure the accuracy of the final average value data, it is necessary to perform a rationality check on the average value α of the current parameters ratio after the calculation to ensure that the result conforms to the normal working current characteristics of the circuit board and lay a solid data foundation for the subsequent detection steps.

[0114] In step S15, according to the average value of the resistance parameter ratio, calculate the resistance parameter ratio threshold to obtain the resistance parameter ratio threshold; including:

[0115] The resistance parameter ratio threshold is calculated through the following formula:

[0116] Δγ = a + b×γ s

[0117] where Δγ is the resistance parameter ratio threshold, γ s is the average value of the resistance parameter ratio, and a and b are preset coefficients.

[0118] In step S15, in order to accurately calculate the resistance parameter ratio threshold Δγ, it is necessary to reasonably set the two preset coefficients a and b to ensure that the obtained threshold can clearly distinguish the normal and missing states.

[0119] First, the coefficient a is used to set the reference value of the resistance parameter ratio threshold, and its value must be determined through experimental measurements on a standard circuit board. Specifically, select a standard circuit board without missing components and conduct multiple electrical performance tests under normal operating voltage. Each test should record the average value γ of the resistance parameter ratio of each solder contact point. s . Then, perform statistical analysis on these measurement results to determine the maximum value and fluctuation range of the resistance parameter ratio in the normal state. To ensure that it will not be misjudged as a missing state even under normal fluctuations, the value of aaa should be set slightly higher than the maximum value among these measurement data. For example, if the maximum average value of the resistance parameter ratio obtained from multiple measurements is 4.8, then a can be set to 5.0 to provide a certain margin of error and avoid misjudging minor fluctuations in the normal state.

[0120] Next, when setting the coefficient b, the tolerance range of the components and the detection sensitivity need to be considered. The role of the coefficient b is to adjust the weight of the average value γ of the resistance parameter ratio s in the threshold, so as to optimize the detection effect according to the tolerance characteristics of different components. If the tolerance of the components on the circuit board is large, for example, the tolerance range is ±5%, then the value of b can be appropriately increased to increase the tolerance. The specific method is to measure the average value of the resistance parameter ratio of different components in the normal operating state and observe its normal fluctuation range, and set the value of b based on this. Suppose the average value of the resistance parameter ratio of this circuit board fluctuates normally within the range of ±0.5 under different working conditions. To accommodate this part of the fluctuation, b can be set to 1.1 to ensure that changes within this tolerance range will not trigger a missing alarm.

[0121] On the other hand, for a circuit board with a small tolerance of components, such as a tolerance range of ±1%, it is necessary to improve the detection sensitivity to identify small abnormal changes. In this case, the value of b should be appropriately reduced so that even a small change in the average value of the resistance parameter ratio can be sensitively captured. The specific method is to measure the fluctuation range of the resistance parameter ratio of the circuit board under small tolerance conditions. If the fluctuation is around ±0.1, then b can be set to 0.9, so that the calculated threshold is closer to the actual value and ensure that any change beyond this range can be detected.

[0122] After determining the values of a and b, substitute them into the formula Δγ = a + b×γ s , and calculate the final resistance parameter ratio threshold Δγ through calculation. This threshold is used in subsequent steps to determine whether a component is missing. Through the above specific settings, ensure that the resistance parameter ratio threshold accurately reflects the boundary between normal and abnormal states, avoid false alarms or missed alarms, and thus provide reliable data support for subsequent detections.

[0123] In step S16, based on the average value of the resistance parameter ratio, a voltage parameter ratio threshold is calculated to obtain the voltage parameter ratio threshold, including:

[0124] The voltage parameter ratio threshold is calculated by the following formula:

[0125] Δβ = c + d×γ s

[0126] where Δβ is the voltage parameter ratio threshold, γ s is the average value of the resistance parameter ratio, and c and d are preset coefficients.

[0127] It should be noted that in step S16, the average value of the resistance parameter ratio is used to calculate the voltage parameter ratio threshold in order to determine whether a component is missing in subsequent detections. Setting reasonable coefficients c and d is the key to this step, which directly determines the accuracy and effectiveness of the voltage parameter ratio threshold.

[0128] First of all, the coefficient c is used to set the reference value of the voltage parameter ratio threshold, and its setting needs to be based on the measurement data on a standard circuit board without missing components. Specifically, the voltage parameter ratio of the standard circuit board can be measured under normal working conditions, and after obtaining multiple measurement results, a safety margin is slightly added to its maximum value as the value of c. This setting ensures that even if there are small fluctuations in the voltage parameter ratio under normal working conditions, the threshold can still cover these normal fluctuations and will not be misjudged as missing. For example, if the maximum value of the voltage parameter ratio under normal working conditions is 2.5, c can be set to 2.6 to provide an appropriate margin.

[0129] The coefficient d is used to adjust the influence of the average value of the resistance parameter ratio on the voltage parameter ratio threshold, and its value should be determined according to the tolerance range of the circuit board components. For components with a large tolerance (such as ±5%), the value of d can be appropriately increased to expand the tolerance range of the threshold and avoid normal tolerance fluctuations being misjudged as abnormal. For example, by measuring the tolerance range of the circuit board multiple times, d is set to 1.2 to ensure that normal fluctuations within the tolerance are not misjudged. If the component tolerance is small (such as ±1%), a smaller d value, such as 0.9, needs to be set, so that the threshold is more sensitive to small fluctuations in order to detect subtle abnormal changes.

[0130] After reasonably setting the values of c and d, the calculated voltage parameter ratio threshold can accurately reflect the boundary between normal and abnormal in component missing detection, ensuring the accuracy of the detection results.

[0131] In step S17, based on the average value of the resistance parameter ratio, a current parameter ratio threshold is calculated to obtain the current parameter ratio threshold, including:

[0132] The current parameter ratio threshold is calculated by the following formula:

[0133] Δα = e + f×γ s

[0134] Where Δα is the threshold of the current parameter ratio, and γ s is the average value of the resistance parameter ratio, and e and f are preset coefficients.

[0135] It should be noted that in this step, the threshold of the current parameter ratio Δα is calculated by setting reasonable coefficients e and f to ensure that this threshold can accurately distinguish the current characteristics of the circuit board in normal and abnormal states, thereby providing a reliable basis for detecting component missing.

[0136] First, the coefficient e is a fixed bias value used to determine the benchmark of the current parameter ratio threshold. To set e reasonably, multiple tests can be carried out on a standard circuit board without component missing, record the current parameter ratio values of each solder contact point, and calculate the maximum value in the normal state. Then, select a value slightly higher than this maximum value as the benchmark of e to ensure that small fluctuations in the normal state will not cause misjudgment. For example, if the maximum value of the measured current parameter ratio is 1.5, e can be set to 1.6, so that even if the current parameter ratio rises slightly during normal operation, the missing alarm will not be triggered.

[0137] The coefficient f is used to adjust the influence of the average value of the resistance parameter ratio γ s on the threshold of the current parameter ratio to adapt to the tolerance requirements of different circuit board components. For components with a larger tolerance, such as components with a tolerance of ±5%, appropriately increase the value of f to expand the tolerance of the threshold and avoid misjudging current fluctuations within the normal tolerance range as missing situations. For example, through multiple measurements, if it is found that the normal fluctuation range of the resistance parameter ratio is ±0.2, f can be set to 1.1 to make the threshold tolerant to larger fluctuations. For components with a smaller tolerance, such as ±1% components, it is necessary to improve the detection sensitivity and reduce the value of f to achieve more accurate detection. For example, f can be set to 0.9, so that the threshold is more sensitive to changes in the current parameter ratio and can detect subtle abnormalities.

[0138] By accurately setting the values of e and f, the calculated threshold of the current parameter ratio Δα can effectively reflect the difference in current characteristics between the circuit board in the case of component missing and the normal state, thereby providing an accurate judgment basis for subsequent detection.

[0139] In step S18, based on the first judgment function, it is judged whether an electronic component is missing according to the average value of the resistance parameter ratio, the average value of the voltage parameter ratio, the average value of the current parameter ratio, the threshold of the resistance parameter ratio, the threshold of the voltage parameter ratio, and the threshold of the current parameter ratio; including:

[0140] The following first judgment function is used to determine whether the electronic component is missing:

[0141] S1(x)=(γ s -Δγ)·ln(β m -Δβ)+(α m -Δα)

[0142] Among them, γ s is the resistance parameter ratio mean, β m is the voltage parameter ratio mean, α m is the current parameter ratio mean, Δγ is the resistance parameter ratio threshold, Δβ is the voltage parameter ratio threshold, and Δα is the current parameter ratio threshold;

[0143] When S1(x)>0, it is determined that the circuit board components are missing;

[0144] When S1(x)≤0, it is determined that the circuit board components are not missing.

[0145] It is worth noting that in step S18, the previously calculated resistance parameter ratio mean, voltage parameter ratio mean and current parameter ratio mean, as well as their respective thresholds, are used to determine whether the electronic component is missing through the first judgment function S1(x). This function integrates the differences in the three key parameters of resistance, voltage and current, and performs mathematical operations based on these differences to determine whether the components of the circuit board are in a normal state.

[0146] The specific steps are as follows:

[0147] First, calculate the resistance parameter ratio mean γ s The difference γ from the resistance parameter threshold Δγ s -Δγ. This difference reflects the deviation of the resistance parameter between the actual measured value and the set threshold. A large positive difference indicates that the resistance parameter is out of the normal range, which is caused by missing components or abnormal performance, so the sign and size of this difference are crucial to the judgment.

[0148] Next, calculate the voltage parameter ratio mean β m The difference β from the voltage parameter threshold Δβ m -Δβ, and substitute it into the logarithmic function ln(β m -Δβ). The logarithmic function is used to amplify the effect of changes in voltage parameters, making the voltage anomaly beyond the threshold range more significant. Since the logarithmic function is very sensitive to small positive values, this term will produce a larger value when the voltage parameter deviates from the threshold, thereby enhancing the detection effect of voltage anomalies.

[0149] Then, calculate the current parameter ratio mean α m The difference α from the current parameter threshold Δα m-Δα. This difference is used to evaluate the deviation degree of the current parameter. If the current parameter is higher than the threshold value compared to the mean value, it means that the working state of the circuit board is abnormal, further supporting the judgment of component missing.

[0150] Substitute the above three parts of differences into the first judgment function S1(x) = (γ s -Δγ)·ln(β m -Δβ)+(α m -Δα). This judgment function combines the deviation information of resistance, voltage and current parameters, and integrates the influence of each parameter into a judgment result through multiplication and addition operations.

[0151] Finally, make a judgment according to the calculation result of S1(x): when S1(x) > 0, it indicates that at least one or more parameters exceed the normal range, meaning that the resistance, voltage or current characteristics are abnormal. At this time, it can be determined that there are missing components on the circuit board. When S1(x) ≤ 0, it means that all parameters are within the threshold range and there is no abnormal deviation. Therefore, it is determined that the components on the circuit board are intact.

[0152] This comprehensive judgment method based on multiple electrical performance parameters can provide high accuracy. By integrating the deviation information of resistance, voltage and current, it effectively improves the reliability of component missing detection, enabling the system to accurately judge the state of components in a complex circuit working environment.

[0153] In step S19, when it is determined that there are missing electronic components, judge the missing type based on the second judgment function. Include:

[0154] Judge the missing type of electronic components through the following second judgment function:

[0155]

[0156] γ s is the ratio of the resistance parameter to the mean value, β m is the ratio of the voltage parameter to the mean value, α m is the ratio of the current parameter to the mean value, Δγ is the ratio threshold of the resistance parameter, Δβ is the ratio threshold of the voltage parameter, Δα is the ratio threshold of the current parameter, and g, h and k are weighting coefficients;

[0157] When S2(x) is less than the first threshold value, it is determined that there is a missing resistor component on the circuit board;

[0158] When the first threshold value is less than or equal to S2(x), and S2(x) is less than or equal to the second threshold value, it is determined that there is a missing capacitor component on the circuit board;

[0159] When the second threshold value is less than or equal to S2(x), and S2(x) is less than or equal to the third threshold value, it is determined that there is a missing inductor component on the circuit board;

[0160] When S2(x) is greater than or equal to the third threshold, it is determined that multiple components on the circuit board are missing.

[0161] It should be noted that the determination of the first threshold, the second threshold, and the third threshold is based on repeated measurements and precise data analysis of the circuit board under different component missing conditions in the laboratory. To ensure that these thresholds can reliably reflect the characteristics of each component missing state, strict control and a large amount of data collection are required under different experimental conditions, and the upper limit of the characteristic values of each missing type is extracted through statistical analysis, so as to scientifically set the specific values of each threshold. The specific process is as follows:

[0162] First, to determine the first threshold, a resistor component on a standard circuit board is intentionally removed to simulate the state of resistor missing. Subsequently, multiple independent measurements are made on the mean ratio of resistance parameters, the mean ratio of voltage parameters, and the mean ratio of current parameters in this state. Each measurement is carried out under strictly controlled experimental conditions to ensure the reliability and consistency of the results. After all the measurements are completed, the corresponding S2(x) values are calculated, the results of each experiment are recorded, and statistical analysis is performed on these S2(x) values. Through statistical methods such as mean calculation and variance analysis, the distribution range of S2(x) values in the case of resistor missing is determined, and the upper limit value of this distribution is selected as the first threshold. The selection of this upper limit value ensures that when the circuit board is in the state of resistor component missing, the calculation result of S2(x) hardly exceeds the first threshold, thus ensuring that this threshold can stably identify the situation of resistor component missing in practical applications.

[0163] When determining the second threshold, similar steps are taken, but this time a capacitor component is removed to simulate the state of capacitor missing. The circuit board with capacitor missing is placed on the test platform, and the ratios of resistance parameters, voltage parameters, and current parameters are measured multiple times using the same instruments and parameters to obtain the S2(x) values obtained from each measurement. Statistical analysis is performed on all the measurement results to determine the distribution range of S2(x) values in the state of capacitor missing. Similar to the method of setting the first threshold, the upper limit value of this distribution range is taken as the second threshold. This value is slightly higher than the first threshold, indicating that when the capacitor component is missing, S2(x) is between the first and second thresholds, thus achieving an accurate judgment of the capacitor missing state.

[0164] The setting process of the third threshold is the same as the previous two, but it is for the case of the absence of the inductive component. After removing the inductive component, with other conditions remaining unchanged, the resistance parameter ratio, voltage parameter ratio, and current parameter ratio are measured multiple times, and the corresponding S2(x) values are recorded. Statistical analysis is carried out to determine the distribution range of the S2(x) values in the state of inductance absence. The upper limit value of this distribution range is selected as the third threshold, so that when the inductance is absent, the S2(x) value is between the second threshold and the third threshold, ensuring the accurate identification of the absence of the inductive component.

[0165] The above three thresholds are supported by a large amount of data to ensure that each threshold can provide a clear demarcation point in the corresponding component absence state. In addition, when S2(x) exceeds the third threshold, it indicates that there are multiple component absences on the circuit board, thus triggering an early warning of multiple component absences by the system. The setting of each threshold has been verified through experiments and statistical analysis to ensure high accuracy and reliability in actual detection.

[0166] Refer to Figure 2 , the second embodiment of the present invention provides a circuit board component absence detection system based on electrical performance parameters, including:

[0167] A data acquisition module that acquires the electrical performance parameters of different solder joints on the circuit board;

[0168] A resistance parameter ratio mean calculation module that calculates the mean of the resistance parameter ratio based on the electrical performance parameters to obtain the mean of the resistance parameter ratio;

[0169] A voltage parameter ratio mean calculation module that is used to calculate the mean of the voltage parameter ratio based on the electrical performance parameters to obtain the mean of the voltage parameter ratio;

[0170] A current parameter ratio mean calculation module that is used to calculate the mean of the current parameter ratio based on the electrical performance parameters to obtain the mean of the current parameter ratio;

[0171] A resistance parameter ratio threshold calculation module that is used to calculate the resistance parameter ratio threshold based on the mean of the resistance parameter ratio to obtain the resistance parameter ratio threshold;

[0172] A voltage parameter ratio threshold calculation module that is used to calculate the voltage parameter ratio threshold based on the mean of the resistance parameter ratio to obtain the voltage parameter ratio threshold;

[0173] A current parameter ratio threshold calculation module that is used to calculate the current parameter ratio threshold based on the mean of the resistance parameter ratio to obtain the current parameter ratio threshold;

[0174] The first judgment module is configured to judge whether an electronic component is missing according to the mean value of the resistance parameter ratio, the mean value of the voltage parameter ratio, the mean value of the current parameter ratio, the resistance parameter ratio threshold, the voltage parameter ratio threshold, and the current parameter ratio threshold, based on a first judgment function.

[0175] The second judgment module is configured to judge the missing type based on a second judgment function when it is determined that the electronic component is missing.

[0176] It should be noted that a circuit board component missing detection system based on electrical performance parameters provided in an embodiment of the present invention is used to execute all process steps of a circuit board component missing detection method based on electrical performance parameters in the above embodiment. The working principles and beneficial effects of the two correspond one by one, so they will not be elaborated here.

[0177] An embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device. The electronic device includes: a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, such as a second judgment program for detecting missing circuit board components based on electrical performance parameters. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps in the above embodiments of the circuit board component missing detection method based on electrical performance parameters, such as Figure 1 the step S11 shown. Alternatively, when the processor executes the computer program, it implements the functions of each module / unit in the above device embodiments, such as the second judgment module.

[0178] Exemplarily, the computer program may be divided into one or more modules / units. The one or more modules / units are stored in the memory and executed by the processor to complete the present invention. The one or more modules / units may be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of performing specific functions, and these instruction segments are used to describe the execution process of the computer program in the electronic device.

[0179] The electronic device may be a computing device such as a desktop computer, a notebook, a palm computer, and a smart tablet. The electronic device may include, but is not limited to, a processor and a memory. Those skilled in the art can understand that the above components are only examples of the electronic device and do not constitute a limitation on the electronic device. It may include more or fewer components than the above, or combine some components, or different components. For example, the electronic device may further include input / output devices, network access devices, a bus, etc.

[0180] The so-called processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or may also be other general-purpose processors, Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may also be any conventional processor, etc. The processor is the control center of the electronic device, and connects various parts of the entire electronic device through various interfaces and circuits.

[0181] The memory can be used to store the computer programs and / or modules. The processor realizes various functions of the electronic device by running or executing the computer programs and / or modules stored in the memory, and by calling the data stored in the memory. The memory may mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area. Among them, the program storage area may store an operating system, application programs required for at least one function (such as a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.); the data storage area may store data created according to the use of the mobile phone (such as audio data, phone book, etc.). In addition, the memory may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk, a memory, a plug-in hard disk, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) card, a Flash Card, at least one magnetic disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other volatile solid-state storage devices.

[0182] Among them, if the modules / units integrated in the electronic device are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such an understanding, to implement all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment methods of the present invention, it can also be completed by a computer program instructing relevant hardware. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the above-mentioned various method embodiments can be implemented. Among them, the computer program includes computer program code, and the computer program code can be in the form of source code, object code, executable file, or some intermediate form, etc. The computer-readable medium can include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording medium, USB flash drive, mobile hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disc, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrical carrier signal, telecommunication signal, and software distribution medium, etc. It should be noted that the content included in the computer-readable medium can be appropriately increased or decreased according to the requirements of legislation and patent practice in the jurisdiction. For example, in some jurisdictions, according to legislation and patent practice, the computer-readable medium does not include electrical carrier signals and telecommunication signals.

[0183] It should be noted that the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. In addition, in the attached drawings of the device embodiments provided by the present invention, the connection relationship between the modules indicates that there is a communication connection between them, which can be specifically implemented as one or more communication buses or signal lines. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without creative work.

[0184] The specific embodiments described above have further elaborated on the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only the specific embodiments of the present invention and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. It is particularly pointed out that for those skilled in the art, any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting the absence of circuit board components based on electrical performance parameters, characterized in that, Including: Obtaining the electrical performance parameters of different solder joints on the circuit board; wherein, the electrical performance parameters include voltage values and current values; Calculating the average value of the resistance parameter ratio according to the electrical performance parameters to obtain the average value of the resistance parameter ratio; Calculating the average value of the voltage parameter ratio according to the electrical performance parameters to obtain the average value of the voltage parameter ratio; Calculating the average value of the current parameter ratio according to the electrical performance parameters to obtain the average value of the current parameter ratio; Calculating the resistance parameter ratio threshold according to the average value of the resistance parameter ratio to obtain the resistance parameter ratio threshold; Calculating the voltage parameter ratio threshold according to the average value of the resistance parameter ratio to obtain the voltage parameter ratio threshold; Calculating the current parameter ratio threshold according to the average value of the resistance parameter ratio to obtain the current parameter ratio threshold; Judging whether an electronic component is missing based on a first judgment function according to the average value of the resistance parameter ratio, the average value of the voltage parameter ratio, the average value of the current parameter ratio, the resistance parameter ratio threshold, the voltage parameter ratio threshold and the current parameter ratio threshold; When it is determined that the electronic component is missing, judging the missing type based on a second judgment function according to the average value of the resistance parameter ratio, the average value of the voltage parameter ratio, the average value of the current parameter ratio, the resistance parameter ratio threshold, the voltage parameter ratio threshold and the current parameter ratio threshold.

2. The method for detecting the absence of circuit board components based on electrical performance parameters according to claim 1, wherein The calculating the average value of the resistance parameter ratio according to the electrical performance parameters to obtain the average value of the resistance parameter ratio includes: Calculating the resistance parameter ratio of the solder joint through the following formula: Among them, is the ratio of the resistance parameters of the th solder contact point, is the voltage value of the th solder contact point, and is the current value of the th solder contact point; Calculating the average value of the resistance parameter ratio through the following formula: Among them, is the mean value of the resistance parameter ratio, is the total number of circuit board solder joints.

3. The method for detecting the absence of circuit board components based on electrical performance parameters according to claim 1, wherein The calculating the average value of the voltage parameter ratio according to the electrical performance parameters to obtain the average value of the voltage parameter ratio includes: Calculating the average value of the voltage parameter ratio through the following formula: Among them, is the average value of the voltage parameter ratio, is the voltage value of the th solder contact point, and is the total number of solder contact points on the circuit board. It should be noted that there seems to be some missing or incorrect information in the original text. The variable is not clearly defined in the description of "the th solder contact point". Also, the variable is used twice with different meanings which may cause confusion. The above translation is based on the best understanding of the given text.

4. The method for detecting the absence of circuit board components based on electrical performance parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculating the average value of the current parameter ratio according to the electrical performance parameters to obtain the average value of the current parameter ratio includes: Calculating the average value of the current parameter ratio through the following formula: Among them, is the mean value of the current parameter ratio, is the current value of the th solder contact point, is the total number of solder contact points on the circuit board.

5. The method for detecting the absence of circuit board components based on electrical performance parameters according to claim 1, wherein, The calculating the resistance parameter ratio threshold according to the average value of the resistance parameter ratio to obtain the resistance parameter ratio threshold includes: Calculating the resistance parameter ratio threshold through the following formula: Wherein, is the threshold value of the resistance parameter ratio, is the average value of the resistance parameter ratio, and are preset coefficients.

6. The method for detecting the absence of circuit board components based on electrical performance parameters according to claim 1, wherein The calculating the voltage parameter ratio threshold according to the average value of the resistance parameter ratio to obtain the voltage parameter ratio threshold includes: Calculating the voltage parameter ratio threshold through the following formula: Among them, is the voltage parameter ratio threshold value, is the average value of the resistance parameter ratio, and are preset coefficients.

7. The method for detecting the absence of circuit board components based on electrical performance parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculating the current parameter ratio threshold according to the average value of the resistance parameter ratio to obtain the current parameter ratio threshold includes: Calculating the current parameter ratio threshold through the following formula: Among them, is the threshold of the current parameter ratio, is the average value of the resistance parameter ratio, and are preset coefficients.

8. The method for detecting the absence of circuit board components based on electrical performance parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that, The judging whether an electronic component is missing based on a first judgment function according to the average value of the resistance parameter ratio, the average value of the voltage parameter ratio, the average value of the current parameter ratio, the resistance parameter ratio threshold, the voltage parameter ratio threshold and the current parameter ratio threshold includes: Judging whether an electronic component is missing through the following first judgment function: Among them, is the mean value of the resistance parameter ratio, is the mean value of the voltage parameter ratio, is the mean value of the current parameter ratio, is the threshold of the resistance parameter ratio, is the threshold of the voltage parameter ratio, is the threshold of the current parameter ratio; When it is determined that there are missing circuit board components; When it is determined that there is no missing circuit board component.

9. The method for detecting the absence of circuit board components based on electrical performance parameters according to claim 8, wherein The when it is determined that the electronic component is missing, judging the missing type based on a second judgment function according to the average value of the resistance parameter ratio, the average value of the voltage parameter ratio, the average value of the current parameter ratio, the resistance parameter ratio threshold, the voltage parameter ratio threshold and the current parameter ratio threshold includes: Judging the missing type of the electronic component through the following second judgment function: Among them, is the mean value of the resistance parameter ratio, is the mean value of the voltage parameter ratio, is the mean value of the current parameter ratio, is the threshold value of the resistance parameter ratio, is the threshold value of the voltage parameter ratio, is the threshold value of the current parameter ratio, and are weight coefficients; When is less than the first threshold value, it is determined that the circuit board resistance element is missing; When the first threshold value is less than or equal to , and is less than or equal to the second threshold value, it is determined that the circuit board capacitor element is missing; When the second threshold is less than or equal to , and is less than or equal to the third threshold, it is determined that the inductive component of the circuit board is missing; When is greater than or equal to the third threshold, it is determined that multiple components on the circuit board are missing.

10. A circuit board component missing detection system based on electrical performance parameters, characterized in that, A method for detecting the absence of circuit board components based on electrical performance parameters as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising: A data acquisition module that acquires the electrical performance parameters of different solder joints on the circuit board; A resistance parameter ratio mean value calculation module that calculates the mean value of the resistance parameter ratio based on the electrical performance parameters to obtain the mean value of the resistance parameter ratio; A voltage parameter ratio mean value calculation module that calculates the mean value of the voltage parameter ratio based on the electrical performance parameters to obtain the mean value of the voltage parameter ratio; A current parameter ratio mean value calculation module that calculates the mean value of the current parameter ratio based on the electrical performance parameters to obtain the mean value of the current parameter ratio; A resistance parameter ratio threshold calculation module that calculates the resistance parameter ratio threshold based on the mean value of the resistance parameter ratio to obtain the resistance parameter ratio threshold; A voltage parameter ratio threshold calculation module that calculates the voltage parameter ratio threshold based on the mean value of the resistance parameter ratio to obtain the voltage parameter ratio threshold; A current parameter ratio threshold calculation module that calculates the current parameter ratio threshold based on the mean value of the resistance parameter ratio to obtain the current parameter ratio threshold; A first judgment module that judges whether an electronic component is missing according to the mean value of the resistance parameter ratio, the mean value of the voltage parameter ratio, the mean value of the current parameter ratio, the resistance parameter ratio threshold, the voltage parameter ratio threshold, and the current parameter ratio threshold according to a first judgment function; A second judgment module that, when it is determined that an electronic component is missing, judges the missing type based on the mean value of the resistance parameter ratio, the mean value of the voltage parameter ratio, the mean value of the current parameter ratio, the resistance parameter ratio threshold, the voltage parameter ratio threshold, and the current parameter ratio threshold according to a second judgment function.

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