Mutual inductor operation and maintenance management method based on intelligent electric power

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of mutual inductor operation and maintenance management, and particularly discloses a mutual inductor operation and maintenance management method based on intelligent electric power, and the method comprises the steps: mutual inductor insulation information collection, mutual inductor insulation performance evaluation, mutual inductor wiring information collection, mutual inductor voltage transformation evaluation and working process abnormity evaluation. According to the invention, the influence of the screwing state of the connecting bolt in the mutual inductor on the insulating property is deeply analyzed, and the influence of the voltage transformation ratio is deeply analyzed by combining the wiring fastening condition of the mutual inductor, namely combining the access state and the access angle deviation condition of the joint in the mutual inductor; the mutual inductor insulation performance evaluation device avoids the situation that the insulation performance is affected by gaps or cracks in the mutual inductor due to the fact that the bolt is not tightened or loosened, improves the accuracy of mutual inductor insulation performance evaluation, avoids the situation that the contact resistance is increased due to the fact that the connector is not tightened or loosened, and improves the accuracy and reliability of the mutual inductor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of transformer operation and maintenance management, and in particular to a transformer operation and maintenance management method based on smart power. Background Art

[0002] The traditional operation and maintenance of transformers relies on manual inspections and regular testing, which has problems such as high operation and maintenance costs, untimely fault detection, and low maintenance efficiency. With the development of smart grids, smart power operation and maintenance has become an important trend in the power industry. However, the smart operation and maintenance management method for transformers still lacks systematicity and comprehensiveness. Therefore, the present invention aims to provide a transformer operation and maintenance management method and system based on smart power to solve the above problems.

[0003] For example, the Chinese patent publication number CN114626769A discloses a capacitor voltage transformer operation and maintenance method and system, including: obtaining the operation and maintenance data of the target capacitor voltage transformer, and calculating the stability, importance and fault degree of the target capacitor voltage transformer based on the operation and maintenance data. The operation and maintenance data at least includes error assessment data, basic data and historical fault data. The operation and maintenance coefficient of the target capacitor voltage transformer is calculated based on its stability, importance and fault degree. Based on the current operation and maintenance coefficient and its preset threshold, the operation and maintenance strategy of the target capacitor voltage transformer is determined. This scheme integrates multiple indicators such as the stability, importance, fault degree and so on of the capacitor voltage transformer, and calculates the operation and maintenance coefficient and determines the operation and maintenance strategy based on the operation and maintenance coefficient, which effectively guides the operation and maintenance management of the capacitor voltage transformer, greatly reduces the blindness of operation and maintenance, and saves human resource costs.

[0004] For example, the Chinese patent publication number CN115587673B discloses a voltage transformer error state prediction method and system, including: collecting the historical error estimation value and operation and maintenance records of the voltage transformer, dividing the historical error estimation value into time segments according to the time from the most recent operation and maintenance, and if the time interval of the most recent operation and maintenance exceeds the preset value, then correcting the historical error estimation value of the previous segment before the operation and maintenance. The segmented historical error estimation value is used as a training set to train the wavenet network, and the trained wavenet network is used to predict the error of the voltage transformer to be tested. Based on the error prediction value of the voltage transformer to be tested, the probability of the true error value exceeding the predetermined threshold interval is calculated, and according to the threshold range of the excess probability, the voltage transformer to be tested is given an early warning prompt. Through this solution, the normal use of the voltage transformer error evaluation data under the operation and maintenance state can be achieved, the influence of operation and maintenance on the voltage transformer state prediction can be avoided, and the prediction result can be guaranteed to be accurate and reliable.

[0005] The above existing technologies still have the following problems: 1. When analyzing the insulation performance of the transformer, the tightness of the transformer itself is not combined, that is, the influence of the screwing state of the connecting bolts in the transformer on the insulation performance is not deeply analyzed. If the bolts are not tightened or are loose, gaps or cracks may appear inside the transformer. These gaps and cracks may become paths for electrical leakage, thereby affecting the insulation performance, reducing the accuracy of the transformer insulation performance evaluation, and increasing the risk of equipment failure.

[0006] 2. When analyzing the voltage conversion of the transformer, the wiring tightness of the transformer is not combined, that is, the access status of the connector in the transformer and the access angle deviation are not combined to conduct an in-depth analysis of the impact on its voltage conversion ratio. If the connector is not tightened or is loose, it may cause the contact resistance to increase, thereby affecting the transmission efficiency of the voltage signal and the accuracy and reliability of the transformer. The angle deviation may also affect the linearity and stability of the transformer, making the voltage conversion ratio inconsistent under different conditions. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of this, in order to solve the problems raised in the above background technology, a transformer operation and maintenance management method based on smart power is proposed.

[0008] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a transformer operation and maintenance management method based on smart power, comprising the following steps: S1, transformer insulation information collection: collect the number of discharges, the discharge amount of each discharge and the time point corresponding to the insulation structure surface of the target transformer in each monitoring time period, and at the same time collect the image corresponding to the target transformer, and obtain the insulation material information corresponding to the target transformer from the image.

[0009] S2. Transformer insulation performance evaluation: Analyze the target transformer's own tightness and compare it with the set value. If it is less than the set value, feedback is given and the insulation performance index of the target transformer is evaluated at the same time.

[0010] S3. Transformer wiring information collection: collect the high-voltage side voltage and low-voltage side voltage corresponding to the target transformer at each monitoring time point, and collect the wiring image of the target transformer at the same time, and obtain the length of the unconnected area of ​​the connector of the target transformer and the center point position of the connector from the wiring image.

[0011] S4. Transformer voltage conversion evaluation: Analyze the wiring tightness of the target transformer and compare the wiring tightness with the wiring tightness of the set reference. If the wiring tightness of the target transformer is less than the wiring tightness of the set reference, feedback is given and the voltage conversion ratio abnormality index of the target transformer is evaluated at the same time.

[0012] S5. Evaluation of abnormality in the working process: evaluate whether the target transformer has any abnormality in the working process. If there is any abnormality, it indicates that the target transformer needs operation and maintenance management and feedback. If there is no abnormality, it indicates that the target transformer does not need operation and maintenance management.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following advantages or beneficial effects: (1) The present invention conducts an in-depth analysis of the influence of the tightness of the transformer itself, that is, the screwing state of the connecting bolts in the transformer on the insulation performance, thereby avoiding gaps or cracks inside the transformer caused by untightened or loose bolts, and avoiding these gaps and cracks from becoming paths for electrical leakage and thus affecting the insulation performance, thereby improving the accuracy of the transformer insulation performance evaluation and reducing the risk of equipment failure.

[0014] (2) The present invention conducts an in-depth analysis of the influence of the transformer's wiring tightness, that is, the connection state of the connector in the transformer and the connection angle deviation on its voltage conversion ratio, to avoid the increase of contact resistance caused by the connector being untightened or loose, thereby avoiding affecting the transmission efficiency of the voltage signal, improving the accuracy and reliability of the transformer, avoiding the angle deviation from affecting the linearity and stability of the transformer, and making the voltage conversion ratio consistent under different conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for describing the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic flow chart of the steps of the method of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of abnormal evaluation of the working process of the target mutual inductor of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the connecting bolts of the present invention.

[0019] Description of the accompanying drawings: 1. Nut, 2. Plane into which the connecting bolt is screwed, 3. Height to which the connecting bolt is screwed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] See also Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a transformer operation and maintenance management method based on smart power, including: S1, transformer insulation information collection: collecting the number of discharges corresponding to the insulation structure surface of the target transformer in each monitoring time period, the discharge amount of each discharge and the time point, and at the same time collecting the image corresponding to the target transformer, and obtaining the insulation material information corresponding to the target transformer from the image.

[0022] It should be noted that the number of discharges on the insulating structure surface of the target transformer corresponding to each monitoring time period, the discharge amount of each discharge and the time point are all collected by the pulse current sensor of the local discharge monitoring equipment, and the image corresponding to the target transformer is collected by an installed high-definition camera.

[0023] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the insulating material information includes the number of expansion locations of the outer skin of the insulating material, the expansion volume of each expansion location, and the number of cracks and the length of each crack.

[0024] It should be noted that the specific method for obtaining the number of expansion points of the outer skin of the insulating material, the expansion volume of each expansion point, the number of cracks and the crack length of each crack is as follows: 1) Image preprocessing: Convert the color image into a grayscale image, and make the expansion and crack characteristics of the outer skin of the insulating material more prominent through contrast enhancement, histogram equalization and other technologies. 2) Detection of outer skin expansion points: Detect the edge of the outer skin of the insulating material, segment the outer skin expansion points from the image through threshold segmentation, region growth and other technologies, count the number of outer skin expansion points, and measure the volume of each expansion point (which can be achieved through three-dimensional reconstruction technology). 3) Crack detection: Use edge detection algorithm to detect the edge of the crack, use Hough transform, morphological operation and other methods to track the direction of the crack, count the number of cracks, and measure the length of each crack (which can be achieved by calculating the number of crack pixels after refinement).

[0025] S2. Transformer insulation performance evaluation: Analyze the target transformer's own tightness and compare it with the set value. If it is less than the set value, feedback is given and the insulation performance index of the target transformer is evaluated at the same time.

[0026] See also Figure 3As shown, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the specific process of analyzing the tightness of the target transformer itself is: locating the screw-in height of each connecting bolt from the image corresponding to the target transformer, and recording it as ,in, Indicates the number of the connecting bolts. .

[0027] It should be noted that the screw-in height refers to the vertical distance between the bottom surface of the nut of the connecting bolt and the screw-in plane.

[0028] The monitoring points are arranged on the top surface of the nuts of the connecting bolts of the target transformer, and the vertical distance between each monitoring point and the plane where the connecting bolts are screwed is extracted and recorded as the monitoring distance of each monitoring point on the top surface of the nuts of each connecting bolt. The self-tightness influencing factor of the target transformer is set. .

[0029] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the specific process of setting the target transformer's own tightness influencing factor is: extracting the maximum monitoring distance from the monitoring distances of each monitoring point on the top surface of the nut of each connecting bolt, and recording it as .

[0030] The monitoring distances of each monitoring point on the top surface of the nut of each connecting bolt are subtracted from each other to obtain the monitoring distance deviations between each monitoring point on the top surface of the nut of each connecting bolt and other multiple monitoring points, and the maximum monitoring distance deviation is extracted from them, which is recorded as .

[0031] Set the target transformer's own tightness influence factor , ,in, and They represent the monitoring distance and monitoring distance deviation of the set reference respectively. Represents a natural constant.

[0032] Extract the standard screw-in height of a single connecting bolt from the database and record it as .

[0033] Calculate the target transformer's own tightness , ,in, Indicates the screw-in height deviation of the connection bolts of the setting reference, Indicates the number of connecting bolts.

[0034] It should be noted that the screw-in height deviation of the connection bolt used as a reference, that is, the vertical distance deviation between the bottom surface of the nut of the connection bolt and the screw-in plane thereof, can be extracted from the production manual provided by the target transformer manufacturer.

[0035] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the specific process of evaluating the insulation performance index of the target transformer is as follows: based on the number of discharges corresponding to the insulation structure surface of the target transformer in each monitoring time period, the discharge amount of each discharge and the time point, the local discharge abnormality index corresponding to the insulation structure surface in the target transformer is calculated. .

[0036] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the specific process of calculating the partial discharge anomaly index corresponding to the insulating structure surface in the target transformer is as follows: the number of discharges corresponding to the insulating structure surface of the target transformer in each monitoring time period is recorded as ,in, Indicates the number of the monitoring time period. .

[0037] The maximum discharge amount is extracted from the discharge amount of each discharge corresponding to each monitoring time period on the insulation structure surface of the target transformer and recorded as .

[0038] The time points of each discharge corresponding to each monitoring time period of the insulation structure surface of the target transformer are subtracted from each other to obtain the interval length of each discharge corresponding to each monitoring time period of the insulation structure surface of the target transformer, and the minimum interval length is extracted from it, which is recorded as .

[0039] Calculate the partial discharge anomaly index corresponding to the insulation structure surface of the target transformer in each monitoring time period , ,in, , and They respectively represent the discharge times, discharge amount and discharge interval duration of the set reference.

[0040] It should be noted that the discharge times, discharge amount and discharge interval duration set as reference are set according to the industry standard for partial discharge anomaly assessment of the target transformer during operation.

[0041] With the monitoring time period as the horizontal coordinate and the partial discharge abnormality index as the vertical coordinate, a partial discharge abnormality curve corresponding to the insulation structure surface of the target transformer is constructed, and the slope value is located from the curve as the partial discharge abnormality change rate corresponding to the insulation structure surface of the target transformer, which is marked as .

[0042] Calculate the partial discharge anomaly index corresponding to the surface of the insulation structure in the target transformer , ,in, Indicates the partial discharge abnormal change rate of the set reference.

[0043] Extract the number of expansion points of the outer skin of the insulating material, the expansion volume of each expansion point, the number of cracks and the length of each crack from the insulating material information corresponding to the target transformer, and calculate the appearance abnormality index of the insulating material of the target transformer .

[0044] It should be noted that the specific process of calculating the appearance abnormality index of the insulating material of the target transformer is as follows: the number of expansion points of the outer skin of the insulating material corresponding to the target transformer is recorded as .

[0045] The expansion volumes of each expansion point of the insulating material corresponding to the target transformer are accumulated to obtain the total expansion volume of the insulating material corresponding to the target transformer, which is recorded as .

[0046] Calculate the expansion of the insulation material corresponding to the target transformer , ,in, and They respectively represent the number of skin expansion locations and expansion volume of the set reference.

[0047] It should be noted that the reference number of expansion points and expansion volume of the outer skin as well as the reference number of cracks and crack length mentioned below are all set according to the industry standard for evaluating abnormal phenomena of the insulation material of the target transformer.

[0048] The number of cracks in the insulating material corresponding to the target transformer is recorded as .

[0049] The maximum value is extracted from the crack lengths of the insulating material corresponding to the target transformer, and is recorded as .

[0050] Calculate the cracking degree of the insulation material corresponding to the target transformer , ,in, and They represent the number of cracks and crack length of the set reference respectively.

[0051] Calculate the insulation material appearance abnormality index of the target transformer , ,in, and They represent the weights of the abnormal appearance assessment of the insulating material corresponding to the set expansion degree and cracking degree, respectively. .

[0052] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, The setting value of is 0.5. The setting value of is 0.5. Both expansion and cracking are important in evaluating the appearance abnormality of insulating materials. Expansion focuses on the stability of the material when the temperature changes, while cracking directly reflects the degree of damage to the surface of the material. In practical applications, the two may be related to each other. For example, excessive expansion may lead to increased cracking. Therefore, when evaluating the appearance abnormality of insulating materials, both expansion and cracking should be considered comprehensively.

[0053] The target transformer's own tightness is matched and compared with the influencing factors of insulation performance evaluation corresponding to each own tightness stored in the database to obtain the insulation performance evaluation influencing factor of the target transformer, which is recorded as .

[0054] Calculate the insulation performance index of the target transformer , ,in, and They represent the weights of the insulation performance evaluation corresponding to the set partial discharge abnormality index and insulation material appearance abnormality index, respectively. .

[0055] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, The setting value of is 0.5. The setting value is 0.5. It is impossible to say which is more important, the partial discharge abnormality index or the insulating material appearance abnormality index. When evaluating the insulation performance, multiple indicators should be considered comprehensively, including the partial discharge abnormality index, the insulating material appearance abnormality index and other related factors, so as to comprehensively and objectively reflect the advantages and disadvantages of the insulation performance.

[0056] The embodiment of the present invention combines the tightness of the transformer itself, that is, combines the influence of the screwing state of the connecting bolts in the transformer on the insulation performance to conduct an in-depth analysis, so as to avoid the appearance of gaps or cracks inside the transformer due to the bolts not being tightened or being loose, and avoid these gaps and cracks becoming paths for electrical leakage and thus affecting the insulation performance, thereby improving the accuracy of the transformer insulation performance evaluation and reducing the risk of equipment failure.

[0057] S3. Transformer wiring information collection: collect the high-voltage side voltage and low-voltage side voltage corresponding to the target transformer at each monitoring time point, and collect the wiring image of the target transformer at the same time, and obtain the length of the unconnected area of ​​the connector of the target transformer and the center point position of the connector from the wiring image.

[0058] It should be noted that the high-voltage side voltage and low-voltage side voltage corresponding to the target transformer at each monitoring time point are collected by pressure sensors installed on the high-voltage side and the low-voltage side, respectively, and the wiring image of the target transformer is collected by a high-definition camera installed.

[0059] S4. Transformer voltage conversion evaluation: Analyze the wiring tightness of the target transformer and compare the wiring tightness with the wiring tightness of the set reference. If the wiring tightness of the target transformer is less than the wiring tightness of the set reference, feedback is given and the voltage conversion ratio abnormality index of the target transformer is evaluated at the same time.

[0060] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the specific process of analyzing the wiring tightness of the target transformer is as follows: the length of the unconnected area of ​​the connector of the target transformer is recorded as .

[0061] Extract the unconnected area length allowed by the transformer joint setting from the database and record it as .

[0062] Taking the joint center point of the target transformer as the base point, draw a perpendicular line to the corresponding access surface of the joint, record it as the joint reference line, and taking the joint corresponding access surface center point as the base point, draw a perpendicular line to the corresponding access surface of the joint, record it as the access surface reference line, obtain the angle between the joint reference line and the access surface reference line, and record it as the joint position deviation angle of the target transformer .

[0063] Calculate the wiring tightness of the target transformer , ,in, Indicates the joint position deviation angle of the set reference.

[0064] It should be noted that the joint position deviation angle used as a reference is the angle between the joint reference line and the access surface reference line, which is set by the wiring safety industry standard of the target transformer.

[0065] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the specific process of evaluating the voltage transformation ratio abnormality index of the target transformer is as follows: the high-voltage side voltage and the low-voltage side voltage corresponding to the target transformer at each monitoring time point are recorded as and ,in, Indicates the number of the monitoring time point, .

[0066] Calculate the transformation ratio value of the target transformer at each monitoring time point , .

[0067] The transformation ratio value corresponding to the target transformer at each monitoring time point is compared with the standard transformation ratio value of the target transformer stored in the database. If the transformation ratio value corresponding to a certain monitoring time point is less than the standard transformation ratio value of the target transformer, the monitoring time point is recorded as an abnormal monitoring time point, and the number of abnormal monitoring time points of the target transformer is counted and recorded as .

[0068] Calculate the voltage transformation ratio abnormality index of the target transformer , ,in, Indicates the number of monitoring time points, Indicates the ratio of abnormal monitoring time points of the set reference.

[0069] The embodiment of the present invention conducts an in-depth analysis of the influence of the transformer's wiring tightness, that is, the access status of the connector in the transformer and the access angle deviation, on its voltage conversion ratio, so as to avoid the increase of contact resistance caused by untightened or loose connectors, thereby avoiding affecting the transmission efficiency of the voltage signal, improving the accuracy and reliability of the transformer, avoiding the angle deviation from affecting the linearity and stability of the transformer, and making the voltage conversion ratio consistent under different conditions.

[0070] S5. Evaluation of abnormality in the working process: evaluate whether the target transformer has any abnormality in the working process. If there is any abnormality, it indicates that the target transformer needs operation and maintenance management and feedback. If there is no abnormality, it indicates that the target transformer does not need operation and maintenance management.

[0071] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the specific process of evaluating whether the target transformer has an abnormality during operation is as follows: calculating the abnormality index of the target transformer , ,in, and They represent the weights of the set insulation performance index and voltage conversion ratio abnormality index corresponding to the work abnormality assessment ratio, respectively. .

[0072] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, The setting value of is 0.5. The setting value is 0.5. When evaluating the abnormal working of the transformer, multiple indicators should be considered comprehensively, including the insulation performance index, the voltage transformation ratio abnormality index and other related factors, so as to comprehensively and objectively reflect the working status and performance of the transformer.

[0073] See also Figure 2 As shown, the working abnormality index of the target transformer is compared with the working abnormality index of the set reference. If the working abnormality index of the target transformer is greater than or equal to the working abnormality index of the set reference, it indicates that the target transformer has an abnormality during the working process. Otherwise, it indicates that the target transformer has no abnormality during the working process.

[0074] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a database is used in the execution process to store the standard screw-in height of a single connecting bolt, store the influencing factors of the insulation performance evaluation corresponding to each own tightness, store the length of the unconnected area allowed by the connector setting of the transformer, and store the standard transformation ratio value of the target transformer.

[0075] The above contents are merely examples and explanations of the concept of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar manner. As long as they do not deviate from the concept of the invention or exceed the scope defined by the present invention, they shall all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for operation and maintenance management of a transformer based on smart power, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Transformer insulation information collection: collect the number of discharges, the discharge amount of each discharge and the time point corresponding to the insulation structure surface of the target transformer in each monitoring time period, and collect the image corresponding to the target transformer at the same time, and obtain the insulation material information corresponding to the target transformer from the image; S2. Transformer insulation performance evaluation: Analyze the target transformer's own tightness and compare it with the set value. If it is less than the set value, feedback is given and the insulation performance index of the target transformer is evaluated at the same time. S3, transformer wiring information collection: collect the high-voltage side voltage and low-voltage side voltage corresponding to the target transformer at each monitoring time point, and collect the wiring image of the target transformer at the same time, and obtain the length of the unconnected area of ​​the connector of the target transformer and the position of the center point of the connector from the wiring image; S4, transformer voltage conversion evaluation: analyze the wiring tightness of the target transformer, and compare the wiring tightness with the wiring tightness of the set reference. If the wiring tightness of the target transformer is less than the wiring tightness of the set reference, feedback is given, and the voltage conversion ratio abnormality index of the target transformer is evaluated at the same time; S5. Evaluation of abnormality in the working process: evaluate whether the target transformer has any abnormality in the working process. If there is any abnormality, it indicates that the target transformer needs operation and maintenance management and feedback. If there is no abnormality, it indicates that the target transformer does not need operation and maintenance management.

2. According to a method for operation and maintenance management of a transformer based on smart power according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: The insulating material information includes the number of expansion locations of the outer skin of the insulating material, the expansion volume of each expansion location, and the number of cracks and the length of each crack.

3. The method for operation and maintenance of a transformer based on smart power according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific process of analyzing the self-tightness of the target transformer is as follows: The screw-in height of each connecting bolt is located from the image corresponding to the target transformer and recorded as ,in, Indicates the number of the connecting bolts. ; The monitoring points are arranged on the top surface of the nuts of the connecting bolts of the target transformer, and the vertical distance between each monitoring point and the plane where the connecting bolts are screwed is extracted and recorded as the monitoring distance of each monitoring point on the top surface of the nuts of each connecting bolt. The self-tightness influencing factor of the target transformer is set. ; Extract the standard screw-in height of a single connecting bolt from the database and record it as ; Calculate the target transformer's own tightness , ,in, Indicates the screw-in height deviation of the connection bolts of the setting reference, Indicates the number of connecting bolts.

4. The method for operation and maintenance of a transformer based on smart power according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The specific process of setting the target transformer's own tightness influencing factor is as follows: The maximum monitoring distance is extracted from the monitoring distances of each monitoring point on the top surface of the nut of each connecting bolt and recorded as ; The monitoring distances of each monitoring point on the top surface of the nut of each connecting bolt are subtracted from each other to obtain the monitoring distance deviations between each monitoring point on the top surface of the nut of each connecting bolt and other multiple monitoring points, and the maximum monitoring distance deviation is extracted from them, which is recorded as ; Set the target transformer's own tightness influence factor , ,in, and They represent the monitoring distance and monitoring distance deviation of the set reference respectively. Represents a natural constant.

5. The method for operation and maintenance of a transformer based on smart power according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The specific process of evaluating the insulation performance index of the target transformer is as follows: Based on the number of discharges, the discharge amount and the time point of each discharge on the insulation structure surface of the target transformer in each monitoring period, the local discharge anomaly index corresponding to the insulation structure surface in the target transformer is calculated. ; Extract the number of expansion points of the outer skin of the insulating material, the expansion volume of each expansion point, the number of cracks and the length of each crack from the insulating material information corresponding to the target transformer, and calculate the appearance abnormality index of the insulating material of the target transformer ; The target transformer's own tightness is matched and compared with the influencing factors of insulation performance evaluation corresponding to each own tightness stored in the database to obtain the insulation performance evaluation influencing factor of the target transformer, which is recorded as ; Calculate the insulation performance index of the target transformer , ,in, and They represent the weights of the insulation performance evaluation corresponding to the set partial discharge abnormality index and insulation material appearance abnormality index, respectively. .

6. The method for operation and maintenance of a transformer based on smart power according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The specific process of calculating the partial discharge anomaly index corresponding to the surface of the insulation structure in the target transformer is as follows: The number of discharges on the insulation structure surface of the target transformer in each monitoring period is recorded as ,in, Indicates the number of the monitoring time period. ; The maximum discharge amount is extracted from the discharge amount of each discharge corresponding to each monitoring time period on the insulation structure surface of the target transformer and recorded as ; The time points of each discharge corresponding to each monitoring time period of the insulation structure surface of the target transformer are subtracted from each other to obtain the interval length of each discharge corresponding to each monitoring time period of the insulation structure surface of the target transformer, and the minimum interval length is extracted from it, which is recorded as ; Calculate the partial discharge anomaly index corresponding to the insulation structure surface of the target transformer in each monitoring time period , ,in, , and They respectively represent the discharge times, discharge amount and discharge interval duration of the set reference; With the monitoring time period as the horizontal coordinate and the partial discharge abnormality index as the vertical coordinate, a partial discharge abnormality curve corresponding to the insulation structure surface of the target transformer is constructed, and the slope value is located from the curve as the partial discharge abnormality change rate corresponding to the insulation structure surface of the target transformer, which is marked as ; Calculate the partial discharge anomaly index corresponding to the surface of the insulation structure in the target transformer , ,in, Indicates the partial discharge abnormal change rate of the set reference.

7. The method for operation and maintenance of a transformer based on smart power according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The specific process of analyzing the wiring tightness of the target transformer is as follows: The length of the target transformer's unconnected area is recorded as ; Extract the unconnected area length allowed by the transformer joint setting from the database and record it as ; Taking the joint center point of the target transformer as the base point, draw a perpendicular line to the corresponding access surface of the joint, record it as the joint reference line, and taking the joint corresponding access surface center point as the base point, draw a perpendicular line to the corresponding access surface of the joint, record it as the access surface reference line, obtain the angle between the joint reference line and the access surface reference line, and record it as the joint position deviation angle of the target transformer ; Calculate the wiring tightness of the target transformer , ,in, Indicates the joint position deviation angle of the set reference.

8. The method for operation and maintenance of a transformer based on smart power according to claim 7, characterized in that: The specific process of evaluating the voltage transformation ratio abnormality index of the target transformer is as follows: The high-voltage side voltage and low-voltage side voltage corresponding to the target transformer at each monitoring time point are recorded as and ,in, Indicates the number of the monitoring time point, ; Calculate the transformation ratio value of the target transformer at each monitoring time point , ; The transformation ratio value corresponding to the target transformer at each monitoring time point is compared with the standard transformation ratio value of the target transformer stored in the database. If the transformation ratio value corresponding to a certain monitoring time point is less than the standard transformation ratio value of the target transformer, the monitoring time point is recorded as an abnormal monitoring time point, and the number of abnormal monitoring time points of the target transformer is counted and recorded as ; Calculate the voltage transformation ratio abnormality index of the target transformer , ,in, Indicates the number of monitoring time points, Indicates the ratio of abnormal monitoring time points of the set reference.

9. The method for operation and maintenance of a transformer based on smart power according to claim 8, characterized in that: The specific process of evaluating whether the target transformer has an abnormality during operation is as follows: Calculate the abnormal working index of the target transformer , ,in, and They represent the weights of the set insulation performance index and voltage conversion ratio abnormality index corresponding to the work abnormality assessment ratio, respectively. ; The working abnormality index of the target transformer is compared with the working abnormality index of the set reference. If the working abnormality index of the target transformer is greater than or equal to the working abnormality index of the set reference, it indicates that the target transformer has an abnormality during the working process. Otherwise, it indicates that the target transformer has no abnormality during the working process.

10. The method for operation and maintenance of a transformer based on smart power according to claim 8, characterized in that: The method uses a database during execution to store the standard screw-in height of a single connecting bolt, the influencing factors of the insulation performance evaluation corresponding to each own tightness, the length of the unconnected area allowed by the connector setting of the transformer, and the standard transformation ratio value of the target transformer.

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