Dual-polarized intelligent antenna for wireless network transmission

Abstract

The invention provides a dual-polarization intelligent antenna for wireless network transmission. The dual-polarization intelligent antenna is composed of a horizontal polarization antenna, a vertical polarization antenna, a feed circuit and a control circuit. The two kinds of polarized antennas are respectively provided with n units which are arranged on the plane bottom plate and are arranged in a circumferential array, and 360-degree omnidirectional coverage is achieved. Each group of horizontal and vertical polarized antenna units transmits signals to a specific direction, the coverage angle is 360 degrees / n, and different groups of antennas are controlled to communicate through a change-over switch. And the n vertical open slot antenna oscillators and the n parallel open slot antenna oscillators are respectively fixed above the bottom plate and the vertical oscillators. The horizontal polarization antenna feed control circuit is embedded in the base plate, and the vertical polarization antenna feed circuit is arranged on the back of the base plate. The n-beam antenna is utilized, directional radiation is concentrated, and high gain is formed; the antenna unit is transversely slotted to focus field energy, and the end-fire radiation performance is improved. The dual-polarization design reduces multipath fading and improves the quality of received signals.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mining engineering and wireless communication, and in particular relates to a dual-polarization intelligent antenna for wireless network transmission. Background Art

[0002] Traditional wireless network designs are mainly targeted at relatively stable scenarios such as indoors or in cities, and are difficult to meet the needs of special environments with complex terrain and obstructions, such as open-pit mines. Open-pit mines have a wide operating area, harsh environmental conditions, and frequent equipment movement. Wireless signals are easily affected by factors such as terrain, obstacles, and climate, resulting in many blind spots, severe signal attenuation, and unstable links, which seriously restrict the real-time return of key data and the realization of remote control.

[0003] Take the electric shovel equipment in open-pit mines as an example. As the main equipment for open-pit mining, it undertakes important processes such as mining and loading. The electric shovel needs to move and rotate continuously during operation, which places high demands on the stability and reliability of wireless communication. If a directional antenna is used, although long-distance communication can be achieved in a certain direction, the dynamic rotation of the electric shovel will frequently cause signal interruption. If an omnidirectional antenna is used, it will also face problems such as unstable link and low rate during long-distance communication due to limited coverage and fast signal attenuation. How to balance directionality and distance to achieve reliable wireless transmission of the electric shovel is a problem that needs to be solved urgently.

[0004] With the development of new generation wireless communication technologies such as 5G, new wireless access solutions such as large-scale antenna arrays, multi-point cooperative transmission, and beamforming have provided new ideas for solving the above problems. Through the flexible regulation of spatial degrees of freedom, the random fading of wireless channels can be overcome to a certain extent, and the wireless link can be dynamically optimized. However, the direct application of these technologies to open-pit mines still faces many bottlenecks: first, the 5G frequency band is relatively high and the transmission distance is limited; second, the mining environment is harsh, the equipment is easily damaged, and a large number of antennas cannot be deployed; third, the terrain of the mining area is undulating, it is difficult to obtain accurate channel state information, and the algorithm complexity is high. Therefore, it is urgent to develop an innovative antenna design solution that can make full use of new wireless technologies and adapt to the special environment of the mining area. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to propose a dual-polarization intelligent antenna for wireless network transmission. The antenna cleverly combines vertical and horizontal polarizations, adopts advanced technologies such as open slot radiation and coupled feeding, can achieve flexible direction control, and has the advantages of small size, high integration, and anti-interference, thereby achieving stable and reliable long-distance transmission in a dynamically changing mining environment.

[0006] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] The invention discloses a dual-polarization intelligent antenna for wireless network transmission, characterized in that: the antenna is mainly composed of a horizontal polarization antenna, a vertical polarization antenna, a feeding circuit and a control circuit; the horizontal polarization antenna and the vertical polarization antenna are respectively composed of n units, which are placed on a plane bottom plate and arranged in a circular array to achieve 360° omnidirectional coverage; each horizontal polarization antenna and vertical polarization antenna unit is a group, which transmits a signal beam to a specific direction, and the coverage angle is 360° / n; by switching the switch control circuit, different groups of directional antennas are controlled to perform network communication,

[0008] N vertically polarized antenna elements perpendicular to the bottom plate are evenly arranged in a ring shape and fixed to the bottom plate through n square openings on the bottom plate; n horizontally polarized antenna elements are evenly arranged in a ring shape, parallel to the bottom plate, and fixed above the n vertically polarized antenna elements.

[0009] The feeding control circuit of the horizontal polarization antenna is embedded in the horizontal polarization antenna, and the input signal is divided into n from the center to feed each antenna element through a power divider, and the end of the power divider excites the corresponding antenna element through a coupling branch; the feeding circuit of the vertical polarization antenna is made on the back of the base plate, and the input signal is divided into n from the center to feed each antenna element through a power divider, and the end of the power divider passes through a metallized hole through an opening on the front of the base plate to connect to the opening gap of the vertical polarization antenna element.

[0010] The beams in the same direction of the horizontal polarization antenna and the vertical polarization antenna are simultaneously controlled by the switch control circuit, and the n groups of antennas are independently controlled. Only one group of antennas works at each moment, and the remaining groups of antennas are disconnected from feeding by the control circuit.

[0011] Advantages of the present invention:

[0012] The dual-polarization intelligent antenna for wireless network transmission of the present invention adopts n beam antennas for network transmission, and the directional radiation is concentrated, which is conducive to forming a directional beam envelope with higher gain, and improving the radiation efficiency and communication distance of the antenna; the antenna unit adopts a transverse slot design, which can concentrate the electromagnetic field energy in the slot area of ​​the open slot antenna, improve the end-fire radiation performance of the antenna, and further improve the antenna gain and directivity; the horizontal polarization antenna and the vertical polarization antenna are respectively composed of n units, which are arranged in a circular array, and can achieve 360-degree all-round coverage, avoid coverage blind spots, and ensure continuous coverage of the wireless network in the open-pit mine area; the n groups of antennas are independently controlled by a switching switch control circuit, and only one group of antennas works at each moment, and the feed of the remaining antennas is disconnected, thereby reducing mutual interference between antennas and improving signal quality and reliability; the polarization diversity characteristics of the dual-polarization antenna can be used to effectively reduce the multipath fading effect in the complex terrain environment of the open-pit mine area, improve the quality and stability of the access point received signal, and thus improve the transmission performance of the entire wireless network. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 2 This is the horizontal polarization antenna diagram of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 3 This is a diagram of a vertically polarized antenna according to the present invention.

[0016] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the back side of the base plate of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0018] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a dual-polarization smart antenna for wireless network transmission, the antenna is composed of a bottom plate 1, a vertically polarized antenna 2, a horizontally polarized antenna 3, a vertically polarized antenna opening slot 4, a vertically polarized antenna vibrator 5, a horizontally polarized antenna vibrator 6, a coupling branch 7, a horizontally polarized antenna opening slot 8 and a vertically polarized antenna fixing point 9 and the like;

[0019] Specifically, the bottom plate 1 is a square flat plate, which serves as the basic support of the entire antenna structure. On the upper surface of the bottom plate 1, the vertical polarization antenna 2 is vertically fixed on the bottom plate 1 through 8 evenly arranged vertical polarization antenna fixing points 9. The 8 vertical polarization antenna elements 5 are distributed in a circular array, and each vertical polarization antenna element 5 is an independent radiation unit. The 8 vertical polarization antenna elements 5 form a vertical polarization antenna 2, which is excited by the feeding circuit to generate radiation. The vertical polarization antenna opening gap 4 is opened at the junction of the lower part of each vertical polarization antenna element and the bottom plate, which is used to radiate electromagnetic waves.

[0020] Above the vertically polarized antenna 2, a circular horizontally polarized antenna 3 is horizontally fixed through a dielectric plate. The horizontally polarized antenna 3 is parallel to the base plate 1, and the vertical distance between the two is 16 mm. The distance between the upper surface of the horizontally polarized antenna 3 and the antenna cover is 1.5 mm. In the horizontally polarized antenna 3, 8 horizontally polarized antenna elements 6 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction to form a circular array. Each horizontally polarized antenna element 6 is connected to the corresponding feeding circuit through a coupling branch 7 to achieve coupled feeding. The horizontally polarized antenna opening gap 8 is opened at the circumferential edge of the horizontally polarized antenna 3, corresponding to each horizontally polarized antenna element 6, for radiating electromagnetic waves.

[0021] On the lower surface of the base plate 1, there are 8 independent control circuits, which are respectively connected to the 8 vertically polarized antenna elements 5 through metallized holes. On each control circuit, a Pin diode is connected in parallel at a distance of 1 / 4 wavelength from the central feed port. When the Pin diode on a control circuit is turned on, the corresponding vertically polarized antenna element 5 is short-circuited and does not participate in radiation. The remaining vertically polarized antenna elements 5 that are not short-circuited radiate directionally as needed to achieve beam control in the vertical polarization direction.

[0022] like Figure 2 and 3 As shown, the present invention provides a horizontal polarization antenna and a vertical polarization antenna part of a dual-polarization smart antenna for wireless network transmission, and its microstructure can be changed and adjusted, but the overall arrangement and working principle are the same.

[0023] like Figure 4 As shown, the present invention provides a schematic diagram of the back side of a base plate of a dual-polarized smart antenna for wireless network transmission, which is composed of a central circuit and 8 vertically polarized antenna fixing points 9. The central circuit feeds the vertically polarized antenna above the base plate through a metallized hole.

[0024] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows:

[0025] When vertical polarization is working, the 8-way control circuit controls the on and off of each Pin diode as needed, selects part of the vertical polarization antenna elements 5 to work, radiates vertical polarization electromagnetic waves, and realizes directional coverage.

[0026] When working in horizontal polarization, the eight horizontal polarization antenna elements 6 are fed with power excitation from different coupling branches 7. By controlling the feeding excitation of different coupling branches, some horizontal polarization antenna opening slots 8 are selected to radiate horizontal polarization electromagnetic waves, thereby achieving directional coverage.

[0027] Vertical polarization and horizontal polarization work simultaneously to achieve dual-polarization intelligent coverage.

[0028] By rationally designing the size parameters, feeding method and array arrangement of the vertically polarized antenna and the horizontally polarized antenna, a stable radiation pattern and good impedance matching characteristics can be obtained in the 2.4 GHz frequency band.

[0029] This embodiment cleverly integrates the vertically polarized antenna and the horizontally polarized antenna, adopts a circular array arrangement, and realizes beamforming through a control circuit. The coverage area can be flexibly adjusted in both vertical and horizontal polarization directions, thereby enhancing the intelligence of the antenna. At the same time, the vertically polarized antenna is perpendicular to the base plate, and the horizontally polarized antenna is parallel to the base plate. The two are orthogonal in space, avoiding mutual coupling interference. The horizontally polarized antenna adopts a coupled feeding method, which reduces the impact of the feeding circuit on the radiating unit. The overall structure is compact, the dual-polarization integration is high, the size is small, and the deployment and installation are easy. It is very suitable for use in harsh environments such as open-pit mines, and can significantly improve the coverage performance and transmission quality of wireless communication networks.

Claims

1. A dual-polarization smart antenna for wireless network transmission, characterized in that: The antenna is mainly composed of a horizontal polarization antenna, a vertical polarization antenna, a feeding circuit and a control circuit; the horizontal polarization antenna and the vertical polarization antenna are respectively composed of n units, placed on a flat bottom plate, and arranged in a circular array to achieve 360° omnidirectional coverage; each horizontal polarization antenna and vertical polarization antenna unit is a group, emitting a signal beam in a specific direction, with a coverage angle of 360° / n; by switching the switch control circuit, different groups of directional antennas are controlled to carry out network communication, N vertically polarized antenna elements perpendicular to the bottom plate are evenly arranged in a ring shape and fixed to the bottom plate through n square openings on the bottom plate; n horizontally polarized antenna elements are evenly arranged in a ring shape, parallel to the bottom plate, and fixed above the n vertically polarized antenna elements.

2. The dual-polarization smart antenna for wireless network transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding control circuit of the horizontal polarization antenna is embedded in the horizontal polarization antenna, and the input signal is divided into n from the center to feed each dipole through a power divider, and the end of the power divider excites the corresponding antenna dipole through a coupling branch; The feeding circuit of the vertically polarized antenna is made on the back of the base plate. Through the power divider, the input signal is divided from the center 1 to n to feed each antenna element. The end of the power divider passes through the metallized hole through the opening on the front of the base plate and is connected to the opening gap of the vertically polarized antenna element.

3. The dual-polarization smart antenna for wireless network transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The beams in the same direction of the horizontal polarization antenna and the vertical polarization antenna are simultaneously controlled by the switch control circuit, and the n groups of antennas are independently controlled. Only one group of antennas works at each moment, and the remaining groups of antennas are disconnected from feeding by the control circuit.

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