Multi-beam receiving system and multi-beam receiving method based on environmental stability control subsystem

Abstract

An environmental stability control subsystem (ESCS)-based multi-beam receiving system includes a microwave photonic optical processing receiver that transmits optical signals using discrete optical fibers, and also includes an ESCS that facilitates operation of the optical beams, reduces dependency on high performance two-dimensional photodiodes, and improves the performance of the system. With the development of the photon integration technology, the working bandwidth of the phase modulator can reach hundreds of GHz, rapid steering and alignment of the wave beams in the field of view can be achieved, and high-speed data transmission with the user can be established.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to microwave photonic technology, and more particularly to a multi-beam receiving method. Background Art

[0002] With the development of emerging communication technologies, communication systems use higher carrier frequencies and wider instantaneous bandwidths to achieve denser user spaces and higher data throughput. Communication frequency bands will also be more suitable for high-precision user perception. In addition, high-precision positioning, imaging, and environmental reconstruction capabilities will help improve communication performance and achieve more accurate beamforming and lower-overhead channel state tracking.

[0003] Traditional analog RF phased arrays can only form a single beam, and have the disadvantages of slow scanning speed, single target and poor anti-electromagnetic interference ability. The new system of microwave photonic receivers has strong anti-interference ability and ultra-wide bandwidth, which can realize simultaneous imaging of multiple beams in the field of view, map source information on the focal plane, and perceive user location.

[0004] This system has densely arranged two-dimensional photodiodes (PDs) in its focal plane, which can obtain time domain signals for high-speed data transmission. However, it is difficult to achieve dense arrangement of high-performance two-dimensional PDs. Due to the large PD spacing, there is a risk of beam information loss. Using sparse PD arrays to receive multiple beams requires complex readout circuits or RF switches, which are expensive and complex in structure.

[0005] Traditional time-sharing multi-beam reception uses a spatial phase modulator to achieve phase modulation of the incident light beam by changing the birefringence of liquid crystal molecules, thereby achieving beam steering within the field of view. However, this method is limited by the modulation speed and is difficult to reach the kilohertz (KHz) level. It is slow and difficult to meet the requirements of modern high-speed communications. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a multi-beam receiving system based on an environmental stability control subsystem, including a microwave photon optical processing receiver and an environmental stability control subsystem;

[0007] The microwave photon optical processing receiver includes: a radio frequency front-end subsystem, a passive optical information processing subsystem, and a back-end signal processing subsystem 30 configured to collect and process the optical signal processed by the optical information to obtain the three-dimensional radio frequency information of the microwave signal; and obtain communication data from the received optical signal;

[0008] The RF front-end subsystem includes a RF array antenna module, which includes RF array antennas distributed at different physical locations and used to receive microwave signals formed by electromagnetic waves emitted by electromagnetic targets in free space; an array low-noise amplifier module, coupled to the RF array antenna, used to amplify the microwave signals; and an array optoelectronic modulation module, coupled to the array low-noise amplifier module, used to modulate the amplified microwave signals onto an optical carrier to form optical sidebands;

[0009] The passive optical information processing subsystem includes an optical array antenna module, coupled to the array electro-optical modulation module, for transmitting the optical sideband into free space; an optical information processing module, for filtering the optical sideband from the optical array antenna module, splitting it into two signal beams for Fourier transformation, and generating two image points; a signal processing module, for receiving the two image points, for mapping the electromagnetic target position and down-converting the optical signal into an electrical signal;

[0010] The back-end signal processing subsystem 30 includes an image sensor module, which is used to receive the intensity information of the beam from the first exit surface of the optical information processing module; a beam receiving demodulation module, which is used to receive the time domain information of the beam from the second exit surface; a solver module, which is coupled to the image sensor module and the beam receiving demodulation module, and is used to extract the image point intensity information obtained by the image sensor module and calculate the user's position information according to the mapping relationship, and process the electrical signal output by the beam receiving demodulation module to obtain the time domain information;

[0011] The environmental stability control subsystem is used for real-time feedback control of the optical phase, compensating for the optical phase drift caused by environmental disturbances, and maintaining stable spatial optical coherence; it includes an optical phase shift module, each optical fiber channel is equipped with an optical phase shift module, and the optical phase change can be controlled by applying voltage to the electrode pins on the optical phase shift module; a detector module, which is used to convert the optical signal into a digital signal and transmit the optical phase change to the operation processing module; and a digital-to-analog conversion module, which is used to convert the output of the operation processing module into a voltage and apply it to the optical phase shift module.

[0012] In some embodiments, the optical phase shift module may be an optical phase shifter or a phase modulator. Each optical fiber channel is configured with an optical phase shifter, and the optical phase change can be controlled by applying voltage to electrode pins on the optical phase shifter.

[0013] In some embodiments, the optical information processing module also includes a spatial filtering module, which allows the optical sideband to pass through and reflects the optical carrier to the detector module; a beam splitting prism is used to split the signal light passing through the spatial filtering module into two beams; and an image sensor module is used to receive the light beam from the first exit surface of the beam splitting prism.

[0014] In some embodiments, the signal processing module further includes a beam receiving demodulation module for receiving the light beam from the second exit surface of the beam splitting prism.

[0015] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a multi-beam receiving method of a multi-beam receiving system based on the above-mentioned environmental stability control subsystem to achieve time-sharing multi-beam receiving, the method comprising the following steps:

[0016] Step S1: Given an electromagnetic scene, in which an electromagnetic target moves in the coverage area of ​​the microwave photonic optical processing receiver, and the electromagnetic target emits electromagnetic signals in real time when working;

[0017] Step S2: Establish a three-dimensional information coordinate system with the RF array antenna of the microwave photon optical processing receiver as the origin, and generate the pitch angle θ of the electromagnetic target el and azimuth angle θ az and communications data;

[0018] Step S3: setting the aperture of the radio frequency array antenna and the aperture of the optical array antenna, establishing a rectangular coordinate system of the radio frequency array antenna and the optical array antenna, and setting the focal length of the lens;

[0019] Step S4: setting the initial bias voltage of the optical phase shifter, that is, the initial phase;

[0020] Step S5: setting the image point coordinates of the image plane of the image sensor module, and determining the mapping relationship between the pitch angle and azimuth angle of the electromagnetic target and each of the image point coordinates;

[0021] Step S6: generating a microwave signal having a microwave wave vector according to the parameters of the electromagnetic target;

[0022] Step S7: modulating the microwave signal onto an optical carrier to obtain a modulated optical sideband;

[0023] Step S8: generating a Gaussian spot by performing optical information processing on the modulated light sideband;

[0024] Step S9: calculating the position information of the electromagnetic target according to the image point coordinates of the Gaussian spot on the image plane, including the azimuth angle and the pitch angle;

[0025] Step S10: Select an electromagnetic target to receive data, and input its position information into the environmental stability control subsystem 40 to obtain a beam steering voltage signal;

[0026] Step S11: applying the beam steering voltage signal to the optical phase shift module, so that the optical beam steering formed by the electromagnetic target modulated light sideband of the optical phase shift module is aligned with the center position of the photodiode array;

[0027] Step S12: by aligning the beam with the photodiode array, the photodiode array acquires communication data through a readout circuit;

[0028] Step S13: At the next moment, repeat the above steps S10, S11 and S12 to obtain the communication data of different electromagnetic targets.

[0029] The present invention is based on a microwave photon optical processing receiver, which modulates microwave signals into the optical domain for processing, and has the advantages of large bandwidth and anti-electromagnetic interference. In addition, a passive optical information processing module can be used for optical information processing. The speed of the passive optical information processing module is equivalent to the time of light transmission, with zero power consumption and high speed. The user's azimuth and pitch angle information can be directly mapped on the image sensor. In terms of user perception, it is not limited by beam bandwidth and number, and multiple beams in the field of view can be perceived simultaneously.

[0030] In the present application, the image sensor module may be based on a CCD image sensor or a CMOS image sensor, preferably a CMOS image sensor.

[0031] In this application, an image sensor is used to receive the image point information of the electromagnetic target. Only the intensity information of the image point is obtained on the image sensor. It is only necessary to read out the pixels corresponding to the image point and perform simple algebraic operations to obtain the position information of the electromagnetic target. The ESCS subsystem is used to realize beam steering, and beam reception is realized without adding other devices to obtain information such as intensity, frequency and phase. In contrast, if the process directly uses a photodetector array for reception, a large number of photodetectors will be required to obtain the corresponding spatial delay inference azimuth information. It is conceivable that this process requires a large number of analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) modules and complex readout circuits for calculation, and is limited by the current two-dimensional photodetector preparation technology, it is difficult to achieve two-dimensional dense arrangement of photodetectors. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-beam receiving system based on an environmental stability control subsystem according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0033] Figure 2 4 is a schematic diagram of a receiving method of a multi-beam receiving system based on an environmental stability control subsystem according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0034] Figure 3 4 is a working principle diagram of a multi-beam receiving system based on an environmental stability control subsystem according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0035] Figure 44 is a working principle diagram of a multi-beam receiving system based on an environmental stability control subsystem according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0036] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of spatial light wavefront in a multi-beam receiving method based on an environmental stability control subsystem according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0037] Figure 5A 4 is a flow chart of step S5 in the multi-beam receiving method based on the environmental stability control subsystem according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0038] Fig. 6A , Figure 6B and Figure 6C They are schematic diagrams of image point reception on an image sensor in a multi-beam receiving method based on an environmental stability control subsystem according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0039] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional coordinate diagram of microwave wave vectors in a multi-beam receiving method based on an environmental stability control subsystem according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0040] Figure 8 The flowchart is a multi-beam receiving method based on the environmental stability control subsystem according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0041] Fig. 9A This is the first part of the flowchart of the multi-beam receiving method based on the environmental stability control subsystem according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0042] Fig. 9B This is the second part of the flowchart of the multi-beam receiving method based on the environmental stability control subsystem according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The scheme of the present invention is described in detail according to the accompanying drawings, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following description.

[0044] The embodiment of the present application proposes a multi-beam receiving system based on an environmental stability control subsystem, such as Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a microwave photon optical processing receiver and an environmental stability control subsystem: the microwave photon optical processing receiver includes a radio frequency front-end subsystem 10 configured to receive the microwave signal emitted by the electromagnetic target and convert it into a modulated array optical signal, an optical information processing subsystem 20 configured to perform optical information processing on the modulated array optical signal; and a back-end signal processing subsystem 30 that collects and processes the optical signal processed by the optical information to obtain three-dimensional radio frequency information of the microwave signal. The radio frequency front-end subsystem is divided into subarrays to achieve time-sharing or simultaneous steering of different beams.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, the RF front-end subsystem 10 may include a RF array antenna module 11, which includes RF array antennas distributed at different physical positions, and is used to receive the electromagnetic waves emitted by the electromagnetic target and generate microwave signals with microwave wave vectors; an array low-noise amplifier module 12, including a low-noise amplifier coupled to each of the RF array antennas, respectively, and is used to amplify the microwave signals received by each RF array antenna; an array optoelectronic modulation module 13, which is respectively coupled to each of the array low-noise amplifiers, and is used to modulate each of the amplified microwave signals onto an optical carrier to form a modulated optical sideband.

[0046] For example Figure 1 As shown, the optical information processing subsystem 20 may include an array optical antenna module 21, which is used to transmit each of the modulated optical sidebands to free space; an optical information processing module 22 coupled to the array optical antenna module 21, which is used to separate the optical carrier and the optical sideband in the modulated optical sideband, reflect the optical carrier to the phase detection module 41, and allow the optical sideband to pass, such as Figure 2 As shown, the light sideband is then split by the beam splitting prism 221, and the first part of the split light sideband is emitted from the first exit surface of the beam splitting prism to form a first beam W1 after a first Fourier transform, and the second part of the split light sideband is emitted from the second exit surface of the beam splitting prism to form a second beam W2 after a second Fourier transform.

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, the back-end signal processing subsystem 30 includes an image sensor module 31, which is used to receive the first beam W1 from the first exit surface of the beam splitting prism to form an image point of the first beam; a beam receiving and demodulating module 32, including a photodetector array, such as a photodiode array, or a PD array, which is used to receive the second beam W2 from the second exit surface of the beam splitting prism and convert it into an electrical signal; and a solver module 33 coupled to the image sensor module 31 and the beam receiving and demodulating module 32, the solver module 33 is used to extract the intensity information of the image point obtained by the image sensor module 31 and calculate the position information of the first beam W1 based on the mapping relationship, and process the electrical signal output by the beam receiving and demodulating module 32 to obtain the time domain information of the second beam W2.

[0048] The environmental stability control subsystem 40 performs real-time compensation for the optical phase drifting due to environmental influences, and is referred to as the ESCS subsystem. Figure 1As shown, the environmental stability control subsystem 40 includes: an optical phase shift module 44, which is configured on each optical fiber channel between the RF front-end subsystem 10 and the passive optical information processing subsystem 20, and controls the optical phase change of the optical fiber channel by applying voltage to the electrode pin on the optical phase shift module 44; a phase detection module 41 is used to receive the optical carrier reflected from the optical information processing module 22, and convert the phase information analog signal of the optical carrier into a phase information digital signal; an operation processing module 42, which parallelly calculates the phase information digital signal of the optical carrier detected by the phase detection module 41 and the position information of the electromagnetic target to be communicated from the solution module 33 and outputs the corresponding phase compensation information and the digital signal corresponding to the beam steering information; a digital-to-analog conversion module 43, which converts the digital signals of the phase compensation information and the beam steering information output by the operation processing module 42 into voltage values, and applies them to the corresponding optical phase shifter module 44 to realize beam steering to align the photodiode array, and then obtain the time domain information of the electromagnetic target.

[0049] Specifically, obtaining the beam information of the microwave signal of the electromagnetic target may include the following steps of setting a microwave photon optical processing receiver:

[0050] Step S1, providing a communication device carried by a user as an electromagnetic target within the working coverage of a microwave photon optical processing receiver. To ensure the normal operation of the communication device, the communication device as the electromagnetic target will radiate electromagnetic signals in real time for functions such as communication and positioning.

[0051] Step S2, setting the radio frequency array antenna 11. Establishing a three-dimensional coordinate system with the radio frequency array antenna 11 as the origin, and generating the elevation angle and azimuth angle of the microwave signal of the electromagnetic target. Specifically, Figure 3 As shown, a three-dimensional coordinate system is established with the RF array antenna 11 as the origin, including the azimuth of the electromagnetic target i and pitch angle θ; the electromagnetic target i can be expressed as in, represents the azimuth angle of the arrival direction of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the electromagnetic target i relative to the origin, and θ represents the pitch angle of the arrival direction of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the electromagnetic target i relative to the origin.

[0052] Step S3, setting the aperture of the RF array antenna 11 and the aperture of the optical array antenna module 21, and defining the scaling factor of the two apertures, setting the focal lengths of the first lens and the second lens, the first lens and the second lens are, for example, biconvex lenses, i.e., a first biconvex lens and a second biconvex lens, and establishing a rectangular coordinate system of the RF array antenna 11 and the optical array antenna 21, such as Figure 3Wherein, step S3 may specifically include: setting the aperture of the RF array antenna 11 to D, setting the aperture of the optical array antenna 21 to d, setting the focal lengths of the first biconvex lens and the second biconvex lens to f, and defining the aperture reduction factor as:

[0053] like Figure 3 As shown, a first rectangular coordinate system XO1Y with the starting RF antenna as the first origin is established on the plane of the RF array antenna 11, and any RF antenna position in the RF array antenna 11 can be used (D X ,D Y ), for example, the position of the first origin is represented by (D0, D0). Figure 4 As shown, the optical array antenna 21 is a scaled image of the RF array antenna 11 under an aperture reduction factor S. A second rectangular coordinate system xO2y is established on the plane of the optical array antenna 21 with the starting optical antenna of the optical array antenna 21 as the second origin. Any optical antenna position in the optical array antenna 21 can be used (d x ,d y ), for example, the second origin position is represented by (d0, d0);

[0054] Step S4, setting the initial bias voltage, ie, the initial phase, of the optical phase shifter module 44 in the ESCS subsystem 40.

[0055] Step S5, setting the coordinates of the electromagnetic target image point of the image sensor module 31 and the position of the PD array in the beam receiving demodulation module 32, and determining the pitch angle θ and azimuth angle of the electromagnetic target In this embodiment, step S5 can be as follows: Figure 5A As shown, it specifically includes: step S51, setting the image plane of the image sensor module 31 to be located on the back focal plane of the first double convex lens, and establishing a third rectangular coordinate system with the image plane of the image sensor module 31; step S52, dividing the image plane of the image sensor module 31 into a plurality of image point coordinates according to the pixel size; and step S53, placing the photodiode (PD) in the beam receiving and demodulating module 32 at the center position on the focal plane of the second double convex lens.

[0056] As described above, the image plane of the image sensor module 31 is set to be located on the back focal plane of the first biconvex lens, that is, the image point coordinates of the electromagnetic target image point on the image plane of the image sensor module 31 can be expressed as (u1, v1); let the coordinates of the electromagnetic target in the third rectangular coordinate system be but The mapping relationship between and θ and the image point coordinates (u1, v1) of the electromagnetic target is:

[0057]

[0058]

[0059] Among them, v sb represents the optical carrier frequency, f represents the focal length of the first biconvex lens and the second biconvex lens, and S is the aperture reduction factor.

[0060] The radio frequency array antenna module 11 of the multi-beam receiving system based on the microwave photon optical processing receiver senses the electromagnetic signal to be measured in real time. The first electromagnetic signal of the first electromagnetic target to be measured, the second electromagnetic signal of the second electromagnetic target to be measured, and the third electromagnetic signal of the third electromagnetic target to be measured from the radio frequency array antenna module 11 are amplified for subsequent processing.

[0061] Step S6: Generate a microwave signal with a microwave wave vector according to the parameters of the electromagnetic target. Taking the first electromagnetic signal EM1 as an example, the first electromagnetic signal EM1 generates its microwave wave vector according to the coordinates of the first electromagnetic target to be measured in the first coordinate system. The microwave wave vector Contains the incoming wave direction and frequency information of the first electromagnetic target to be detected; such as Figure 7 As shown, the microwave wave vector of the first electromagnetic target to be detected is It can be expressed as: in, is the azimuth angle of the first electromagnetic target to be measured relative to any RF antenna, θ1 is the elevation angle of the first electromagnetic target to be measured relative to any RF antenna, and its frequency is v RF1 .

[0062] Step S7: modulate the microwave signal having the microwave wave vector onto an optical carrier using a frequency v sb The phase of the optical carrier modulating the optical sideband in the nth optical path is: Among them A n Represents the amplitude in the nth optical path; this step obtains the modulated light sideband of the first electromagnetic target to be measured.

[0063] Step S8: Generate a Gaussian spot on the image plane. In this embodiment, this step may specifically include: Step S81: Filter the modulated optical sideband of the first electromagnetic target to be detected through the optical information processing module 22 to remove the optical carrier and leave the optical sideband. Figure 2As shown, the optical information processing module 22 may include a beam splitter 221, so that after the optical sideband passes through the beam splitter, a portion of it is used as a first light field and undergoes a first Fourier transform in a first biconvex lens 222 with a focal length f to obtain a first beam W1, and the first beam W1 is imaged on a first rear focal plane of the first biconvex lens 222 and is collected by an image sensor module 31 located on the first rear focal plane, thereby obtaining the image point coordinates (u 1a 、v 1a ), the Fourier transform of the light field is in the form of: Where c is the speed of light, v sb is the optical carrier frequency, λ is the optical carrier wavelength, thereby obtaining the Gaussian spot of the first electromagnetic target to be measured.

[0064] like Figure 2 As shown, the second part of the optical sideband of the first electromagnetic target to be measured forms a second light field, which is subjected to a second Fourier transform through a second biconvex lens 223 with a focal length f. After the second Fourier transform, the second light field is imaged on the rear focal plane of the second biconvex lens 223 and is collected by the photodiode in the beam receiving and demodulating module 32.

[0065] Step S9: Calculate the position information of the first electromagnetic target to be detected according to the position of the Gaussian spot of the first electromagnetic target to be detected on the image plane. In this embodiment, this step specifically includes: Step S91, making the total light input field the coherent sum of all the outgoing lights, and the image point coordinates (u 1a ,v a ) can be expanded to:

[0066]

[0067] When all phases are zero, the image point coordinates U1(u 1a ,v 1a ) obtains the maximum value, i.e., the Gaussian spot position of the first electromagnetic target to be measured;

[0068]

[0069] According to the image point coordinates (u 1a 、v 1a ) calculate the azimuth and elevation information of the first electromagnetic target to be detected.

[0070] Then, the optical beam steering angle corresponding to each channel is calculated according to the azimuth and elevation information of the first electromagnetic target to be detected. In this embodiment, calculating the optical beam steering angle corresponding to each channel may specifically include: restoring the wave vector component in the third coordinate system according to the azimuth and elevation information of the first electromagnetic target to be detected:

[0071]

[0072]

[0073] Where RFo is the center frequency of the user frequency band, c is the propagation speed of electromagnetic waves, and θ is the pitch angle. is the azimuth;

[0074] Then calculate the phase change of each channel caused by the first electromagnetic target to be measured, where the phase change of each channel caused by the first electromagnetic target to be measured is: sp e (m) = k x ·D X (m)+k y ·D Y (m)+k z ·D z (m), where D x , D Y and D Z is the coordinate value corresponding to the RF array antenna 11 in the third coordinate system, and m is the channel number corresponding to the RF array antenna.

[0075] Step S10, compensating the additional phase introduced by each channel in the optical domain to achieve wavefront steering. In this embodiment, this process is completed by the ESCS subsystem 40. Specifically, the phase change sp caused by the first electromagnetic target to be detected in each channel is compensated. e The inverse of (m) is input to the operation processing module 42 and converted into the corresponding voltage value V(m): Among them, V π is the half-wave voltage corresponding to the optical phase shifter.

[0076] The digital-to-analog conversion module 43 obtains the digital signal Ds from the operation processing module 42: Among them, V is the voltage range corresponding to the digital-to-analog conversion module 43, and N is the bit width corresponding to the digital-to-analog conversion module.

[0077] Step S11: The phase change sp caused by the first electromagnetic target to be measured in each channel eThe voltage value corresponding to the inverse of (m) is applied to the array optical phase shifter module 44, so that the rear optical beam steering can be achieved, so that the optical beam formed by the modulated optical sideband of the electromagnetic target passing through the optical phase shifter module 44 is steered to the center position of the photodiode array. Figure 2 As shown, the photodiode array in the beam receiving and demodulating module 32 is placed at the center position on the rear focal plane of the second biconvex lens 223. Therefore, the optical beam formed by the optical sideband of the first electromagnetic target can be turned to the center position of the focal plane and the optical beam is aligned with the photodiode, so that the photodiode can receive the optical sideband and then read it through the readout circuit.

[0078] Repeating the above process can realize that the second electromagnetic signal EM2 of the second electromagnetic target and the third electromagnetic signal EM3 of the third electromagnetic target are respectively aligned with the photodiode array to realize the reception of communication data, thereby realizing high-speed communication. Fig. 6A , Figure 6B and Figure 6C shown.

[0079] The present invention is based on a microwave photon optical processing receiver, which modulates microwave signals into the optical domain for processing, and has the advantages of large bandwidth and anti-electromagnetic interference. In addition, a passive optical information processing module can be used for optical information processing. The speed of the passive optical information processing module is equivalent to the time of light transmission, with zero power consumption and high speed. The user's azimuth and pitch angle information can be directly mapped on the image sensor. In terms of user perception, it is not limited by beam bandwidth and number, and multiple beams in the field of view can be perceived simultaneously.

[0080] In the present application, the image sensor module 31 may be based on a CCD image sensor or a CMOS image sensor, preferably a CMOS image sensor.

[0081] In some embodiments of the present application, the microwave photon optical processing receiver uses a discrete optical fiber to transmit optical signals, and the optical phase is susceptible to environmental disturbances. The present application proposes a new system and method, which operates the phase of the optical signal based on the ESCS subsystem without adding any devices. The method facilitates the operation of the optical beam and reduces the dependence on high-performance two-dimensional photodetectors, so that any beam in the field of view can be aligned with the photodetector to achieve data transmission. With the development of photonic integration technology, the phase modulation speed of optical phase shifting modules such as optical phase shifters or phase modulators can reach a modulation speed of more than 100 GHz, which can achieve rapid steering and alignment of beams in the field of view and establish high-speed data transmission with electromagnetic targets.

[0082] In some embodiments of the present application, a lens is used as a light processing module to realize Fourier transform of modulated light sidebands. The lens is a passive device and its speed is the same as the speed of light, so it is fast and has low power consumption. Through the passive light processing module, the image point information can be directly received on the image sensor, and only simple algebraic calculations need to be performed after extracting the image point coordinates.

[0083] The description presents the basic embodiments of the present invention in detail, but should not be limited to the form described in the description, but can also be used for other purposes and environments, and can be modified based on the principles and techniques of this article according to the relevant art technology. Any changes that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention should be within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-beam receiving system based on an environmental stability control subsystem for detecting three-dimensional radio frequency information of an electromagnetic target; characterized in that: include: Microwave photon optical processing receiver and environmental stability control subsystem; The microwave photonic optical processing receiver comprises: A radio frequency front-end subsystem (10) configured to receive a microwave signal for communication and / or positioning radiated by the electromagnetic target and convert it into a modulated array optical signal; A passive optical information processing subsystem (20) configured to perform optical information processing on the modulated array optical signal; A back-end signal processing subsystem (30) is configured to collect and process the optical signal after the optical information processing to obtain the three-dimensional radio frequency information of the microwave signal; and obtain communication data from the received optical signal; The environmental stability control subsystem (40) comprises: An optical phase shift module is arranged on each optical fiber channel between the radio frequency front-end subsystem (10) and the passive optical information processing subsystem (20), and controls the optical phase change of the optical fiber channel by applying voltage to the electrode pins on the optical phase shift module; A phase detection module, configured to convert the optical signal after optical information processing into a digital signal, and transmit its optical phase change amount to the operation processing module; An operation processing module, configured to perform parallel calculations on the phase information detected by the phase detection module and output corresponding phase compensation information and beam steering information; The digital-to-analog conversion module is configured to convert the phase compensation information and the beam steering information into a voltage signal, and apply the voltage signal to the optical phase shift module.

2. The multi-beam receiving system based on the environmental stability control subsystem according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microwave photonic optical processing receiver is configured to: A three-dimensional information coordinate system is established with the radio frequency array antenna (11) of the radio frequency front-end subsystem (10) as the origin, and the elevation angle and azimuth angle of the signal of the electromagnetic target are generated; wherein the RF front-end subsystem is divided into sub-arrays to achieve time-sharing or simultaneous steering of different beams; Setting the aperture of the radio frequency array antenna (11) and the aperture of the optical array antenna module (21), defining a scaling factor of the two apertures, setting the focal lengths of the first lens and the second lens, and establishing a rectangular coordinate system of the radio frequency array antenna (11) and the optical array antenna (21); A first rectangular coordinate system XO1Y is established in the plane of the radio frequency array antenna (11) with the starting radio frequency antenna as the first origin, and any radio frequency antenna position in the radio frequency array antenna (11) is represented by (D X ,D Y ) represents; the optical array antenna (21) is a scaled image of the radio frequency array antenna (11) under an aperture reduction factor S, a second rectangular coordinate system xO2y is established on the plane of the optical array antenna (21) with the starting optical antenna of the optical array antenna (21) as the second origin, and any optical antenna position in the optical array antenna (21) is represented by (d x ,d y )express; The image point coordinates of the electromagnetic target of the image sensor module (31) of the back-end signal processing subsystem (30) and the position of the photodiode array in the beam receiving demodulation module (32) are set, and the mapping relationship between the pitch angle and azimuth angle of the electromagnetic target and the image point coordinates of the electromagnetic target is determined.

3. The multi-beam receiving system based on the environmental stability control subsystem according to claim 1, characterized in that: A three-dimensional coordinate system is established with the radio frequency array antenna (11) as the origin, including the azimuth of the electromagnetic target. and pitch angle θ parameters; the electromagnetic target i can be expressed as in, represents the azimuth angle of the arrival direction of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the electromagnetic target i relative to the origin, and θ represents the pitch angle of the arrival direction of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the electromagnetic target i relative to the origin.

4. The multi-beam receiving system based on the environmental stability control subsystem according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aperture of the radio frequency array antenna (11) is set to (D), the aperture of the optical array antenna (21) is set to (d), the focal lengths of the first biconvex lens and the second biconvex lens are both set to (f), and the aperture reduction factor is defined as:

5. The multi-beam receiving system based on the environmental stability control subsystem according to claim 4, characterized in that: The photodiode array in the beam receiving demodulation module (32) is placed at the center position on the focal plane of the second lens.

6. The multi-beam receiving system based on the environmental stability control subsystem according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radio frequency front-end subsystem comprises: A radio frequency array antenna module, used for receiving electromagnetic waves emitted by a reference electromagnetic target and generating a microwave signal having a microwave wave vector; An array low noise amplifier module, coupled to the radio frequency array antenna, for amplifying the microwave signal; The array optoelectronic modulation module is coupled to the array low-noise amplifier module and is used to modulate the amplified microwave signal onto an optical carrier to form a modulated optical sideband.

7. The multi-beam receiving system based on the environmental stability control subsystem according to claim 1, characterized in that: The passive optical information processing subsystem comprises: An optical array antenna module for transmitting a modulated optical signal into free space; An optical information processing module is coupled to the array optical array antenna module and is used to separate the optical carrier and the optical sideband in the modulated optical carrier, reflect the optical carrier to the phase detection module of the environmental stability control subsystem (40), allow the optical sideband to pass, and perform beam splitting and Fourier transformation on the optical sideband.

8. The multi-beam receiving system based on the environmental stability control subsystem according to claim 1, characterized in that: The back-end signal processing subsystem includes: An image sensor module, used for receiving beam intensity information from the first exit surface of the optical information processing module; A beam receiving and demodulating module, used for receiving beam time domain information from the second exit surface; The solver module is coupled to the image sensor module and the beam receiving demodulation module, and is used to extract the image point intensity information obtained by the image sensor module and calculate the user's position and frequency information based on the mapping relationship, and process the electrical signal output by the beam receiving demodulation module to obtain time domain information.

9. The multi-beam receiving system based on the environmental stability control subsystem according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase detection module includes a single photodetector or a photodetector array; the optical phase shift module is an optical phase shifter or phase modulator arranged in an array.

10. A multi-beam receiving method of a multi-beam receiving system based on an environmental stability control subsystem according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that: include Step S1: Given an electromagnetic scene, in which an electromagnetic target moves in the coverage area of ​​the microwave photonic optical processing receiver, and the electromagnetic target emits electromagnetic signals in real time when working; Step S2: Establish a three-dimensional information coordinate system with the radio frequency array antenna of the microwave photon optical processing receiver as the origin, and generate the pitch angle θ of the electromagnetic target el and azimuth angle θ az and communications data; Step S3: setting the aperture of the radio frequency array antenna and the aperture of the optical array antenna, establishing a rectangular coordinate system of the radio frequency array antenna and the optical array antenna, and setting the focal length of the lens; Step S4: setting the initial bias voltage of the optical phase shifter, that is, the initial phase; Step S5: setting the image point coordinates of the image plane of the image sensor module, and determining the mapping relationship between the pitch angle and azimuth angle of the electromagnetic target and each of the image point coordinates; Step S6: generating a microwave signal having a microwave wave vector according to the parameters of the electromagnetic target; Step S7: modulating the microwave signal onto an optical carrier to obtain a modulated optical sideband; Step S8: generating a Gaussian spot by performing optical information processing on the modulated light sideband; Step S9: calculating the position information of the electromagnetic target according to the image point coordinates of the Gaussian spot on the image plane, including the azimuth angle and the pitch angle; Step S10: Select an electromagnetic target to receive data, and input its position information into the environmental stability control subsystem 40 to obtain a beam steering voltage signal; Step S11: applying the beam steering voltage signal to the optical phase shift module, so that the optical beam steering formed by the electromagnetic target modulated light sideband of the optical phase shift module is aligned with the center position of the photodiode array; Step S12: by aligning the beam with the photodiode array, the photodiode array acquires communication data through a readout circuit; Step S13: At the next moment, repeat the above steps S10, S11 and S12 to obtain the communication data of different electromagnetic targets.

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