Polarization code-based information transmission method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention provides an information transmission method and device based on a polarization code, electronic equipment and a storage medium, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining an information source bit and transmission channel quality, and determining a target transmission format according to the information source bit and a transmission channel; determining the total bit length of the auxiliary information of each transmission frame according to the transmission frame format and the modulation coding mode; generating auxiliary information bits according to the information source bits and the total length of the auxiliary information bits; mapping the information source bit to a sub-channel of the polarization code to carry out polarization code coding to obtain a coding bit sequence; generating a demodulation reference symbol and a frequency hopping pattern according to the auxiliary information bit, the transmission frame format and the modulation coding mode; and performing modulation framing on the coded bit sequence to obtain a transmission frame, and sending the transmission frame to a receiving end, so that the receiving end receives the transmission frame, and performs polarization decoding through the auxiliary information bit to obtain an information source bit. The method can effectively improve the transmission performance of the polarization code.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communications, and in particular to a method, device, electronic device and storage medium for information transmission based on polarization codes. Background Art

[0002] Polarization codes are the only known coding method that can be strictly proven to reach the channel capacity. Channel polarization is the process of obtaining N dependent "synthetic channels" by performing "channel merging" and "channel separation" operations on N independent channels. K information bits are transmitted on a portion of sub-channels whose channel capacity tends to 1, and fixed bits are transmitted on the remaining sub-channels whose channel capacity tends to 1 and the sub-channels whose capacity tends to 0. This can obtain a mapping relationship from K information bits to N transmitted bits. This mapping is polarization coding.

[0003] In related technologies, CRC auxiliary check is usually used as the source bit for transmission, which will reduce the actual code rate. When the decoding result of the low-reliability sub-channel is erroneous, it will also cause the decoded CRC information to be erroneous, and then cause the decoding error of the entire code block. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a method, device, electronic device, and storage medium for information transmission based on polar codes, which can effectively improve the transmission performance of polar codes.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned object, a first aspect of an embodiment of the present application proposes an information transmission method based on a polarization code, which is applied to a transmitting end of a communication system. The method includes:

[0006] Acquire source bits and transmission channel quality, and determine a target transmission format according to the source bits and the transmission channel; wherein the target transmission format includes a transmission frame format and a modulation and coding mode;

[0007] Determine the total bit length of the auxiliary information of each transmission frame according to the transmission frame format and the modulation and coding mode;

[0008] Generate auxiliary information bits according to the source bits and the total length of the auxiliary information bits; wherein the auxiliary information bits include auxiliary frozen bits and auxiliary check bits;

[0009] Mapping the source bits to a subchannel of a polar code to perform polar code encoding to obtain a coded bit sequence;

[0010] Generate a demodulation reference symbol and a frequency hopping pattern according to the auxiliary information bits, the transmission frame format and the modulation and coding scheme;

[0011] The coded bit sequence is modulated and framed to obtain a transmission frame, and the transmission frame is sent to a receiving end, so that the receiving end receives the transmission frame and performs polarization decoding through the auxiliary information bit to obtain the source bit.

[0012] In some embodiments, determining the total bit length of the auxiliary information of each transmission frame according to the transmission frame format and the modulation and coding scheme includes:

[0013] Determining the number of demodulation reference symbols in each of the transmission frames according to the transmission frame format;

[0014] According to the modulation and coding mode, determining the number of frequency hopping frequencies in each transmission frame; wherein the demodulation reference symbol and the frequency hopping frequency are used to carry auxiliary information bits;

[0015] Calculate the first auxiliary information bit length carried by the demodulation reference symbol according to the number of demodulation reference symbols and the transmission frame mode;

[0016] Calculate the bit length of the second auxiliary information carried by the frequency hopping frequency according to the modulation and coding mode and the number of the frequency hopping frequencies;

[0017] The total auxiliary information bit length is calculated according to the first auxiliary information bit length and the second auxiliary information bit length.

[0018] In some embodiments, the transmission frame is divided into a plurality of coding blocks, and the generating of auxiliary information bits according to the source bits and the total length of the auxiliary information bits includes:

[0019] Evenly distributing the total length of the auxiliary information bits to each of the remaining coding blocks to obtain an average auxiliary information bit length corresponding to each coding block;

[0020] Selecting a preset number of bits from the source bits of each of the coding blocks as the auxiliary frozen bits;

[0021] Performing CRC calculation on the remaining source bits of each of the coding blocks to obtain the auxiliary check bits;

[0022] The auxiliary information bits corresponding to each coding block are generated according to the auxiliary frozen bits and the auxiliary check bits corresponding to each coding block.

[0023] In some embodiments, performing CRC calculation on the remaining source bits of each of the coding blocks to obtain the auxiliary check bits includes:

[0024] Performing CRC calculation on the remaining source bits of each coding block to obtain overall auxiliary check bits;

[0025] Segmenting the remaining source bits of each coding block in increasing length to obtain a plurality of bit segments;

[0026] Performing CRC calculation on each of the bit segments respectively to generate segmented auxiliary check bits corresponding to each of the bit segments;

[0027] The auxiliary check bits are generated according to the overall auxiliary check bits and the segmented auxiliary check bits corresponding to each of the bit segments.

[0028] In some embodiments, mapping the source bits to a polar code subchannel to perform polar code encoding to obtain a coded bit sequence includes:

[0029] Determine, according to a modulation and coding mode, a frozen bit length and an information bit length in polar coding; wherein the information bit includes the remaining source bits and the auxiliary frozen bits;

[0030] sorting the subchannels in each transmission subframe for reliability, and mapping them to the remaining source bits and the auxiliary frozen bits in descending order of reliability according to the reliability sorting result and the information bit length;

[0031] Polar code encoding is performed on the mapped transmission subframe to obtain the coded bit sequence.

[0032] In some embodiments, the transmission frame includes multiple transmission subframes, the first transmission subframe is used to carry the synchronization reference symbol and the target transmission format, the remaining transmission subframes constitute multiple coding blocks, the transmission subframes are used to carry the source bits and the auxiliary information bits, and the demodulation reference symbol and the frequency hopping pattern are generated according to the auxiliary information bits, the transmission frame format and the modulation and coding mode, including:

[0033] Determining a carrying mode of the auxiliary information bits according to the transmission frame format, the modulation and coding mode, and the total length of the auxiliary information bits;

[0034] According to the carrying mode of the auxiliary information bits, the auxiliary information bits are mapped to the demodulation reference signal to generate the corresponding demodulation reference signal;

[0035] According to the carrying mode of the auxiliary information bits, the operating frequency of each transmission subframe is determined, the auxiliary information bits are mapped to the operating frequency, and the frequency hopping pattern is generated.

[0036] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, a second aspect of an embodiment of the present application proposes an information transmission method based on a polarization code, which is applied to a receiving end of a communication system. The method includes:

[0037] Receive a transmission frame from a transmitting end, perform timing synchronization detection by detecting a synchronization reference symbol of a first transmission subframe, and obtain a target transmission format, a demodulation reference signal, and a frequency hopping pattern in the first transmission subframe;

[0038] Performing blind detection on the working frequency of each transmission subframe, determining the working frequency number of each transmission subframe and the corresponding auxiliary information bit by calculating the cumulative power and searching for the frequency index corresponding to the maximum power value;

[0039] Performing blind detection on each demodulation reference symbol, and obtaining the auxiliary information bit carried by each demodulation reference symbol by searching for the demodulation reference symbol index corresponding to the maximum value;

[0040] Acquire auxiliary check bits and auxiliary frozen bits in each coding block according to the demodulation reference signal and the frequency hopping pattern;

[0041] Polarization decoding is performed on the transmission frame by using the auxiliary check bits and the auxiliary frozen bits to obtain source bits.

[0042] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, a third aspect of an embodiment of the present application proposes an information transmission device based on a polarization code, which is applied to a transmitting end of a communication system, including:

[0043] An acquisition module, which acquires source bits and transmission channel quality, and determines a target transmission format according to the source bits and the transmission channel; wherein the target transmission format includes a transmission frame format and a modulation and coding mode;

[0044] A determination module, which determines the total bit length of the auxiliary information of each transmission frame according to the transmission frame format and the modulation and coding mode;

[0045] A first generating module, generating auxiliary information bits according to the source bits and the total length of the auxiliary information bits; wherein the auxiliary information bits include auxiliary frozen bits and auxiliary check bits;

[0046] an encoding module, mapping the source bits and the auxiliary information bits to a subchannel of a polar code to perform polar code encoding to obtain a coded bit sequence;

[0047] A second generating module, generating a demodulation reference symbol and a frequency hopping pattern according to the auxiliary information bits, the transmission frame format and the modulation and coding mode;

[0048] The sending module modulates and frames the coded bit sequence to obtain a transmission frame, and sends the transmission frame to a receiving end, so that the receiving end receives the transmission frame and performs polarization decoding through the auxiliary information bit to obtain the source bit.

[0049] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, a fourth aspect of an embodiment of the present application proposes an electronic device, wherein the electronic device includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, the information transmission method based on the polar code as described in the first aspect is implemented.

[0050] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, a fifth aspect of an embodiment of the present application proposes a storage medium, where the storage medium is a computer-readable storage medium, and the storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the information transmission method based on the polar code as described in the first aspect is implemented.

[0051] The embodiments of the present application propose a polar code-based information transmission method, device, electronic device, and storage medium. First, a source bit and a transmission channel quality are obtained, and a target transmission format is determined according to the source bit and the transmission channel; wherein the target transmission format includes a transmission frame format and a modulation and coding mode; according to the transmission frame format and the modulation and coding mode, a total bit length of auxiliary information of each transmission frame is determined; auxiliary information bits are generated according to the source bits and the total length of the auxiliary information bits; wherein the auxiliary information bits include auxiliary frozen bits and auxiliary check bits; the source bits are mapped to a subchannel of a polar code for polar code encoding to obtain a coded bit sequence; according to the auxiliary information bits, the transmission frame format, and the modulation and coding mode, a demodulation reference symbol and a frequency hopping pattern are generated; the coded bit sequence is modulated and framed to obtain a transmission frame, and the transmission frame is sent to a receiving end, so that the receiving end receives the transmission frame, and polarization decoding is performed through the auxiliary information bits to obtain the source bits.

[0052] With respect to the problems in the background technology, the information transmission method based on polarization code provided in the embodiment of the present application first determines the target transmission format, including the transmission frame format and modulation coding method, by obtaining the quality information of the source bits and the transmission channel. Such a design enables the transmission process to be dynamically adjusted according to the real-time channel conditions to adapt to different communication environments, thereby optimizing the transmission performance. Furthermore, the method determines the total bit length of the auxiliary information of each transmission frame, generates auxiliary frozen bits and auxiliary check bits based on the transmission frame format and modulation coding method, and the introduction of auxiliary frozen bits is equivalent to improving the transmission performance by reducing the code rate without adding additional bits. The auxiliary check bits provide the receiving end with additional check information for improving the accuracy of decoding. In the polarization code encoding stage, the source bits are mapped to the subchannels of the polarization code. This process utilizes the characteristics of channel polarization and maximizes the potential of the channel capacity. In this way, even under limited code length conditions, the theoretical channel capacity can be approached to achieve efficient data transmission. Next, demodulation reference symbols and frequency hopping patterns are generated. The demodulation reference symbols and frequency hopping patterns not only carry auxiliary information bits, but also provide the necessary synchronization and demodulation references for the receiving end, ensuring accurate recovery of the signal. Finally, the transmission frame obtained by modulating the framing is sent to the receiving end. The receiving end uses the auxiliary information bits for polarization decoding, which includes the use of auxiliary frozen bits and auxiliary check bits to improve the accuracy and efficiency of decoding. Finally, the source bits are accurately recovered, completing the reliable transmission of information.

[0053] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or understood by practicing the present application. The purpose and other advantages of the present application can be realized and obtained by the structures specifically pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] Figure 1 A flowchart of a method for transmitting information based on polar codes provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a typical carrier sense frequency hopping frame structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of frequency hopping provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a transmission frame format provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0058] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of inserting a demodulation reference signal provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0059] Figure 6 An embodiment of the present application provides Figure 1 Flowchart of step 102;

[0060] Figure 7 An embodiment of the present application provides Figure 1 Flow chart of step 103;

[0061] Figure 8 An embodiment of the present application provides Figure 7 Flowchart of step 703 in FIG.

[0062] Fig. 9 An embodiment of the present application provides Figure 1 Flow chart of step 104;

[0063] Fig.10 An embodiment of the present application provides Figure 1 Flow chart of step 105;

[0064] Fig.11 Another flow chart of a method for transmitting information based on polar codes provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0065] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of an information transmission device based on polar codes provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0066] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an electronic device provided in yet another embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0068] It should be noted that although the functional modules are divided in the device schematic and the logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be performed in a different order than the module division in the device or the order in the flowchart.

[0069] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing the embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0070] Polar code is the only known coding method that can be strictly proven to reach the channel capacity. Channel polarization is the process of obtaining N dependent "synthetic channels" by performing "channel merging" and "channel separation" operations on N independent channels. Compared with the independent channels before synthesis, the capacity of some channels will increase while the capacity of other channels will decrease while the capacity of other channels will remain unchanged. This phenomenon is called "channel polarization". When N→∞, the capacity of some channels will approach 1, and the bits transmitted through this part of the channel will definitely be received correctly; the capacity of other channels will approach 0, and bits cannot be transmitted reliably on them at all. K information bits are transmitted on a part of the subchannels whose channel capacity approaches 1, and fixed bits are transmitted on the remaining subchannels whose channel capacity approaches 1 and the subchannels whose capacity approaches 0. A mapping relationship from K information bits to N transmission bits can be obtained. This mapping is polarization coding. At the receiving end, based on the dependency between the bits introduced during channel polarization, Arikan proposed the SC (Successive Cacellation) algorithm for decoding. When the code length N is large enough, it can be proved that the bit error rate under SC decoding satisfies:

[0071]

[0072] However, the above performance analysis is based on the assumption that the code length is infinite. In actual applications, the code length is limited, and the performance of the SC decoding algorithm is not ideal. Therefore, when transmitting data of limited length, it is necessary to use an improved algorithm based on SC, such as CA-SCL, DCA-SCL algorithm, etc.

[0073] The CA-SCL (CRC-Aided SCL) decoding algorithm is a CRC-assisted polar code enhanced SC decoding scheme. When using the SCL algorithm for decoding, among all the paths from the root node to a leaf node on the polar code tree, a path with the maximum path metric and a CRC check value of zero for the bit estimation sequence is found, and the bit estimation sequence corresponding to the path is output as the decoding result. Compared with the SCL decoding algorithm, CA-SCL does not increase the complexity of encoding and decoding, but can significantly reduce the bit error rate. Therefore, the CA-SCL decoding algorithm is used in the 5G protocol.

[0074] The CA-SCL decoding algorithm is based on the premise that "CRC bits are located after the payload bits". In this case, the CRC check must be performed after the polar code decoding is completed. If "bit interleaving" is added between the CRC check and the encoding, the CRC check bits will be distributed among the information bits, that is, it becomes distributed CA-SCL (DCA-SCL). The polar code encoding scheme based on distributed CRC will bring the following benefits: the distributed CRC bits can be used for "pruning", which can increase the probability that the decoding path is retained to the end, thereby improving the error performance; the distributed CRC bits can be used for "early stopping", which can effectively reduce the delay of blind detection.

[0075] However, in the CA-SCL scheme, CRC information is transmitted as source bits, which will reduce the actual code rate. In addition, when the decoding result of the low-reliability subchannel is wrong, it may cause the decoded CRC information to be wrong, which in turn leads to decoding errors in the entire code block. At the same time, in order to simplify the complexity, the decoding list L is usually not designed to be too large. If the CRC check is performed at the end of serial decoding, the correct decoding path may not be retained in the list, which will lead to decoding failure.

[0076] In the DCA-SCL scheme, since the distributed CRC has less information, when judging whether pruning or early stopping is required based on the check relationship of a single CRC bit, errors may be caused by decoding errors of the CRC bit, which in turn leads to decoding errors.

[0077] In view of the above problems, an information transmission method, device, electronic device and storage medium based on polar code are proposed in an embodiment of the present application. First, source bits and transmission channel quality are obtained, and a target transmission format is determined according to the source bits and the transmission channel; wherein the target transmission format includes a transmission frame format and a modulation and coding mode; according to the transmission frame format and the modulation and coding mode, the total bit length of auxiliary information of each transmission frame is determined; auxiliary information bits are generated according to the source bits and the total length of the auxiliary information bits; wherein the auxiliary information bits include auxiliary frozen bits and auxiliary check bits; the source bits are mapped to the subchannels of the polar code for polar code encoding to obtain a coded bit sequence; according to the auxiliary information bits, the transmission frame format and the modulation and coding mode, a demodulation reference symbol and a frequency hopping pattern are generated; the coded bit sequence is modulated and framed to obtain a transmission frame, and the transmission frame is sent to a receiving end, so that the receiving end receives the transmission frame, and polarization decoding is performed through the auxiliary information bits to obtain the source bits.

[0078] With respect to the problems in the background technology, the information transmission method based on polarization code provided in the embodiment of the present application first determines the target transmission format, including the transmission frame format and modulation coding method, by obtaining the quality information of the source bits and the transmission channel. Such a design enables the transmission process to be dynamically adjusted according to the real-time channel conditions to adapt to different communication environments, thereby optimizing the transmission performance. Furthermore, the method determines the total bit length of the auxiliary information of each transmission frame, generates auxiliary frozen bits and auxiliary check bits based on the transmission frame format and modulation coding method, and the introduction of auxiliary frozen bits is equivalent to improving the transmission performance by reducing the code rate without adding additional bits. The auxiliary check bits provide the receiving end with additional check information for improving the accuracy of decoding. In the polarization code encoding stage, the source bits are mapped to the subchannels of the polarization code. This process utilizes the characteristics of channel polarization and maximizes the potential of the channel capacity. In this way, even under limited code length conditions, the theoretical channel capacity can be approached to achieve efficient data transmission. Next, demodulation reference symbols and frequency hopping patterns are generated. The demodulation reference symbols and frequency hopping patterns not only carry auxiliary information bits, but also provide the necessary synchronization and demodulation references for the receiving end, ensuring accurate recovery of the signal. Finally, the transmission frame obtained by modulating the framing is sent to the receiving end. The receiving end uses the auxiliary information bits for polarization decoding, which includes the use of auxiliary frozen bits and auxiliary check bits to improve the accuracy and efficiency of decoding. Finally, the source bits are accurately recovered, completing the reliable transmission of information.

[0079] The following further describes a method, device, electronic device and storage medium for information transmission based on polarization codes provided in an embodiment of the present application. First, a method for information transmission based on polarization codes in an embodiment of the present application is specifically described.

[0080] Reference Figure 1 , is an optional flowchart of the information transmission method based on polar codes provided in an embodiment of the present application, Figure 1 The method may include but is not limited to steps 101 to 106. It can also be understood that this embodiment Figure 1 The order of step 101 to step 106 is not specifically limited, and the order of steps can be adjusted or some steps can be reduced or added according to actual needs.

[0081] Step 101: Acquire source bits and transmission channel quality, and determine a target transmission format according to the source bits and the transmission channel.

[0082] In step 101 of some embodiments, it is necessary to prepare for the transmission process by obtaining source bits and evaluating the quality of the transmission channel. The source bits are the original form of the data to be sent, while the channel quality information reflects the characteristics of the transmission medium, such as noise level, signal attenuation, etc. This information is the basis for selecting a suitable transmission format, which includes the transmission frame format and modulation coding scheme (MCS). This decision-making process ensures that the data can be transmitted in the best way according to the current channel conditions, thereby maximizing transmission efficiency and reliability.

[0083] Usually, the types of frame formats and MCS in the communication system are limited, and the sending node selects a certain format from the limited set for transmission. A typical carrier sense frequency hopping frame structure is as follows: Figure 2 As shown in FIG. 1 , the transmission frame includes K+1 Bursts (transmission subframes), and frequency hopping is performed in units of Bursts. Assuming that the number of working frequencies in the frequency hopping frequency set is N, the frequency hopping diagram is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, a) Burst0 is usually used to carry synchronization reference symbols and other reference symbols or data, which is used for time-frequency synchronization at the receiving end, and indicates the MCS, number of Bursts and other information transmitted this time, and b) Burst1~Burst K are used to carry data symbols after channel coding and modulation processing, and also contain necessary demodulation reference symbols Midam (demodulation reference symbols) for coherent reception at the receiving end. The K value is related to the length of the transmitted data.

[0084] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 4 It is a typical transmission frame structure. In Burst1~BurstK, the length Nc and the number M of demodulation reference symbols in each Burst can be designed according to system requirements. The demodulation reference symbol Midam (demodulation reference symbol) usually uses a sequence with good autocorrelation and cross-correlation, such as: M sequence, ZC sequence or Gold sequence, etc. The specific generation method is not repeated here. The demodulation reference symbol can be mapped to the frequency domain or to the time domain. Figure 5 As shown, this is a demodulation reference symbol insertion method. Different communication systems can be adaptively designed according to needs. Assuming that the length of the transmitted source data is A, the modulation order corresponding to the MCS is Q, and the channel coding rate is k, the length of the encoded data is A / k, and the number of modulation symbols required to be carried is D=A / k / Q. Assuming that the number of data symbols that can be carried by each Burst is W, then in this wireless frame, K=ceil(D / W). Then, the necessary zero padding is performed on the source data according to the K value, and the length A of the source data is updated.

[0085] Exemplarily, a burst wireless communication system has the following operating parameters:

[0086] 1) Signal bandwidth: 1.92MHz;

[0087] 2) Number of frequency hopping points: 64;

[0088] 3) Carrier modulation mode: OFDM, subcarrier spacing 15kHz;

[0089] 4) CP length: 1 / 4 OFDM symbol;

[0090] 5) Burst length: 250us (i.e. frequency hopping rate 4000 hops / second);

[0091] 6) Midam (demodulation reference symbol) length: 128;

[0092] 7) Number of Midam (demodulation reference symbols) in each Burst: 1;

[0093] 8) Number of bits carried by each Midam (demodulation reference symbol): 6;

[0094] 9) Maximum length of coding block: 1024 bits;

[0095] 10)CRCLmax: 40 bits;

[0096] 11) Length of source data to be transmitted: 2560 bits;

[0097] 12) Current channel quality: SNR 0dB;

[0098] According to the current channel quality, the modulation and coding mode selects MCS0: BPSK modulation, and the code rate is set to 1 / 2. The signal bandwidth is 1.92MHz, and the subcarrier spacing is 15kHz, that is, there are 1.92Mhz / 15kHz=128 subcarriers in total. The Burst length is 250us, that is, there are 3 OFDM symbols in each Burst. After removing the demodulation reference symbol Midam (demodulation reference symbol), each Burst can carry 256 subcarriers for data, and the number of source bits that each Burst can carry is 256*1 / 2=128. Therefore, 2560 bits need 20 Bursts to carry, plus Burst0, the wireless frame includes a total of 21 Bursts. The demodulation reference symbol Midam (demodulation reference symbol) is mapped in the frequency domain, occupying the middle OFDM symbol, covering all subcarriers.

[0099] Step 102: Determine the total bit length of the auxiliary information of each transmission frame according to the transmission frame format and the modulation and coding scheme.

[0100] In step 102 of some embodiments, after the transmission frame format and MCS are determined, the total bit length of the auxiliary information required for each transmission frame can be calculated. The auxiliary information includes auxiliary frozen bits and auxiliary check bits, which are crucial to improving transmission performance and decoding accuracy. The auxiliary frozen bits are part of the source bits, which are carried by reference symbols or frequency points and can be considered to be known like the frozen bits in the prior art. The reason for setting the auxiliary frozen bits is that the structure of the polarization coding does not need to be changed, which has better flexibility. The auxiliary check bits are used for error detection and correction at the receiving end, thereby improving the accuracy of data transmission.

[0101] See also Figure 6 In some embodiments, step 102 may include, but is not limited to, steps 601 to 605:

[0102] Step 601: Determine the number of demodulation reference symbols in each transmission frame according to the transmission frame format.

[0103] Step 602: Determine the number of frequency hopping points in each transmission frame according to the modulation and coding scheme.

[0104] Step 603: Calculate the first auxiliary information bit length carried by the demodulation reference symbol according to the number of demodulation reference symbols and the transmission frame mode.

[0105] Step 604: Calculate the bit length of the second auxiliary information carried by the frequency hopping frequency according to the modulation and coding mode and the number of frequency hopping frequencies.

[0106] Step 605: Calculate the total auxiliary information bit length according to the first auxiliary information bit length and the second auxiliary information bit length.

[0107] In step 601 of some embodiments, the number of demodulation reference symbols in each transmission frame is first determined according to the transmission frame format in step 601. After the transmission frame format is determined, the number of transmission subframes in the transmission frame can be determined. The demodulation reference symbols are known signal patterns in the transmission frame used to assist the receiving end in signal demodulation, and their number directly affects the amount of auxiliary information that can be carried.

[0108] In step 602 of some embodiments, the number of frequency hopping frequencies that can be used in each transmission frame is determined according to the selected modulation and coding scheme (MCS). Frequency hopping frequencies refer to different frequency points to which a signal can hop in frequency hopping communication, and the number of these frequency points determines the amount of auxiliary information that can be carried on these frequency points.

[0109] In step 603 of some embodiments, the auxiliary information bit length that each demodulation reference symbol can carry is calculated based on the determined number of demodulation reference symbols and the transmission frame mode. This usually involves evaluating the capacity of each symbol and taking into account the actual signal processing and coding constraints.

[0110] In step 604 of some embodiments, the auxiliary information bit length that can be carried by each frequency hopping frequency is calculated according to the modulation and coding mode and the number of frequency hopping frequencies.

[0111] In step 605 of some embodiments, the system adds the first auxiliary information bit length carried by the demodulation reference symbol and the second auxiliary information bit length carried by the frequency hopping frequency point to obtain the total length of the auxiliary information bits.

[0112] For example, each Midam (demodulation reference symbol) can carry 6 bits of auxiliary information, and the total auxiliary information that can be carried by the Midam (demodulation reference symbol) in the radio frame is 120 bits; the auxiliary information that can be carried by the frequency hopping point is log2 (64) = 6 bits, and all the Burst frequency points in the radio frame can carry a total of 120 bits. Therefore, the total auxiliary information length that can be carried by the radio frame is 240 bits.

[0113] Step 103: Generate auxiliary information bits according to the source bits and the total length of the auxiliary information bits.

[0114] See also Figure 7 In some embodiments, the transmission frame is divided into a plurality of coding blocks, and step 103 may include but is not limited to steps 701 to 704.

[0115] Step 701: Evenly distribute the total length of auxiliary information bits to each of the remaining coding blocks to obtain the average auxiliary information bit length corresponding to each coding block.

[0116] Step 702: Select a preset number of bits from the source bits of each coding block as auxiliary frozen bits.

[0117] Step 703: Perform CRC calculation on the remaining source bits of each coding block to obtain auxiliary check bits.

[0118] Step 704: Generate auxiliary information bits corresponding to each coding block according to the auxiliary frozen bits and auxiliary check bits corresponding to each coding block.

[0119] The length of the encoded data transmitted by the wireless frame is A / k, and the code block segmentation is performed as needed. Assume that the maximum length of the code block encoded by each polar code is E (which can be designed as needed), and the number of code blocks CB is A / K / E rounded up to an integer.

[0120] The length of the 1st...CB-1st code blocks blockLen1 is ceil(A / k / CB), and the length of the CBth code block blockLen2 is A / k-blockLen1*(CB-1). Assuming that the maximum auxiliary CRC length of each coding block is CRCLmax, the auxiliary bit information in each coding block is allocated as follows:

[0121] The source bit lengths in the 1st ... CB-1 coding blocks are all round(blockLen1*k), and the length of the auxiliary bit assit_bit_type1 is ceil(assit_bit / CB). Among them: the length of the auxiliary CRC bit assit_bit_crc1 is min(assit_bit_type1,CRCLmax), and the length of the auxiliary frozen bit assit_bit_frozen1 is assit_bit_type1-assit_bit_crc1.

[0122] The source bit length in the CBth coding block is A-round(blockLen1*k)*(CB-1), the length of the auxiliary information assit_bit_type2 is assit_bit-assit_bit_type1*(CB-1), the length of the auxiliary CRC bit assit_bit_crc2 is min(assit_bit_type2,CRCLmax), and the length of the auxiliary frozen bit assit_bit_frozen2 is assit_bit_type2-assit_bit_crc2.

[0123] In step 701 of some embodiments, the total length of the auxiliary information bits is first evenly distributed to each of the remaining coding blocks. This process ensures that all coding blocks can obtain the necessary auxiliary information bits to support effective data transmission and decoding processes. In this way, the system can balance the load of each coding block and optimize the overall transmission performance.

[0124] In step 702 of some embodiments, a preset number of bits are selected from the source bits of each coding block as auxiliary frozen bits, thereby reducing the complexity of encoding and improving the accuracy of decoding. The number and position of the auxiliary frozen bits are selected based on an in-depth analysis of channel conditions and data characteristics to maximize transmission performance.

[0125] In step 703 of some embodiments, a CRC (cyclic redundancy check) calculation is performed on the remaining source bits of each coding block to generate auxiliary check bits. CRC calculation is a commonly used error detection technology, which can detect errors that may occur during the transmission process at the receiving end. The length of the CRC can be selected as needed, such as 6, 11, 16, 24 or other lengths. The CRC generating polynomial is not described here. By generating a CRC for each coding block, the system adds an extra level to ensure the integrity and accuracy of the data.

[0126] See also Figure 8 In some embodiments, step 703 may include but is not limited to steps 801 to 804.

[0127] Step 801: perform CRC calculation on the remaining source bits of each coding block to obtain overall auxiliary check bits.

[0128] Step 802: segment the remaining source bits of each coding block in increasing length to obtain multiple bit segments.

[0129] Step 803: Perform CRC calculation on each bit segment respectively to generate segmented auxiliary check bits corresponding to each bit segment.

[0130] Step 804: Generate auxiliary check bits according to the overall auxiliary check bits and the segmented auxiliary check bits corresponding to each bit segment.

[0131] In step 801 of some embodiments, CRC calculation is performed on the remaining source bits of each coding block to obtain the overall auxiliary check bits. This step is the basic CRC generation process, which provides a unified error detection mechanism for the entire coding block. In this way, the receiving end can use these overall auxiliary check bits to verify whether the received data remains intact during the transmission process, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the data.

[0132] In step 802 of some embodiments, the remaining source bits of each coding block are segmented in increasing length to obtain multiple bit segments. This segmentation method allows the system to process the source bits more carefully, especially considering that in the actual channel transmission process, data in different segments may encounter different degrees of interference. Through incremental segmentation, accurate verification after low-reliability channel decoding can be guaranteed.

[0133] In step 803 of some embodiments, CRC calculation is performed on each bit segment to generate segmented auxiliary check bits corresponding to each bit segment. By performing a separate CRC calculation on each segment, a dedicated error detection and correction capability can be provided for each segment, thereby providing more sophisticated protection for data transmission.

[0134] In step 804 of some embodiments, auxiliary check bits are generated based on the overall auxiliary check bits and the segmented auxiliary check bits corresponding to each bit segment. This step involves integrating the check bits generated in step 801 and step 803 to form a complete auxiliary check bit sequence. These auxiliary check bits will then be used in the polar coding process to provide additional protection for the source bits and perform effective error detection and correction at the receiving end.

[0135] Through steps 801 to 804, the system can generate comprehensive and effective auxiliary check bits for each coding block, which not only improves the reliability of data transmission, but also optimizes the performance of polar codes. This method is particularly suitable for dynamic and changeable communication environments, and can adjust the transmission strategy according to real-time channel conditions and data requirements, thereby achieving efficient data transmission.

[0136] In step 704 of some embodiments, auxiliary information bits corresponding to each coding block are generated according to the auxiliary frozen bits and auxiliary check bits corresponding to each coding block. This step involves organizing the frozen bits and check bits according to a predetermined format to form a complete auxiliary information bit sequence. These auxiliary information bits will then be mapped to the subchannel of the polar code together with the source bits for polarization coding.

[0137] Exemplarily, the source bit sequence to be transmitted is {a1, a2, ... a 2560}, the source bits corresponding to the i-th (i=1,2……5) coding block are {a (i-1)*512+1 ,a (i-1)*512+2 ,……a i*512}, a method for generating an auxiliary information bit sequence is:

[0138] 1) The auxiliary freezing bit length is 8, select {a (i-1)*512+1 ,a (i-1)*512+2 ,……a (i-1)*512+8} as auxiliary freeze bit;

[0139] 2) is the remaining length of 504 bits of the source bits {a (i-1)*512+9 ,a (i-1)*512+10 ,……a i*512 Generate a 16-bit auxiliary CRC, the generating polynomial is: g 16 (D)=D 16 +D 12 +D 5 +1;

[0140] 3) Divide the remaining source bits of 504 bits into three segments, with lengths of 100 bits, 160 bits, and 244 bits respectively. Generate an auxiliary CRC of 8 bits for each segment, and the generating polynomial is: g8(D) = D 8 +D 5 +D 4 +1.

[0141] 4) Concatenate the 8 bits of auxiliary frozen bits and the 40 bits of auxiliary CRC to obtain the auxiliary information bit sequence assit_bit_queue of the i-th coding block i .

[0142] Through step 701 to step 704, accurate and effective auxiliary information bits can be generated for each coding block, which not only improves the reliability of data transmission, but also optimizes the performance of polar codes. This method is particularly suitable for dynamic and changeable communication environments, and can adjust the transmission strategy according to real-time channel conditions and data requirements, thereby achieving efficient data transmission.

[0143] Step 104: Map the source bits to the polar code subchannels to perform polar code encoding to obtain a coded bit sequence.

[0144] Among them, step 104 is the core of polar code encoding, in which the source bits are mapped to the subchannels of the polar code. This mapping process allocates the source bits to the subchannels with higher reliability based on the polarization characteristics of the channel. In this way, the reliable transmission of the source bits can be ensured even when the channel conditions are not ideal.

[0145] See also Fig. 9 In some embodiments, step 104 may include but is not limited to steps 901 to 903:

[0146] Step 901: Determine the frozen bit length and information bit length in polar coding according to the modulation and coding mode.

[0147] Step 902: sort the subchannels in each transmission subframe for reliability, and map them to the remaining source bits and auxiliary frozen bits in order from high to low reliability according to the reliability sorting result and the information bit length.

[0148] Step 903: Perform polar code encoding on the mapped transmission subframe to obtain a coded bit sequence.

[0149] In step 901 of some embodiments, in polarization coding, a part of the channel is used to transmit fixed frozen bits, which are usually known values ​​(such as 0), and the other part of the channel is used to transmit information bits, that is, the data actually to be transmitted. In this step, according to the modulation and coding scheme (MCS), the system first determines the length of the frozen bits and the length of the information bits. The modulation and coding scheme determines the rate and mode of data transmission, including the modulation technology used (such as BPSK, QPSK, 16-QAM, etc.) and the coding rate. The selection of frozen bits helps to simplify the encoding and decoding process and improve performance, while the information bit length directly affects the capacity of data transmission, wherein the information bits include the remaining source bits after the auxiliary frozen bits are generated and the auxiliary frozen bits.

[0150] In step 902 of some embodiments, the subchannels in each transmission subframe are reliability sorted. This process involves evaluating the channel quality of each subchannel, usually based on the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), channel capacity or other relevant channel statistical characteristics. The purpose of reliability sorting is to identify which subchannels are more reliable so that these channels can be effectively used to transmit critical data. Based on the results of the reliability sorting, the remaining source bits and auxiliary frozen bits are mapped to these subchannels in order of reliability from high to low. This mapping process ensures that the most important data (such as the remaining source bits) are transmitted through the most reliable channels, while the auxiliary frozen bits are transmitted through channels with lower reliability. This strategy helps to optimize transmission efficiency and reliability, ensuring that data can be effectively transmitted even when channel conditions are not ideal. The remaining empty channels are then filled according to the calculated frozen bit length.

[0151] In step 903 of some embodiments, the source bits and the auxiliary frozen bits are processed according to the coding rules of the polar code to generate final coded data. These coded data not only contain the original information, but also add additional redundancy through the polarization process to improve the ability of the data to resist interference and noise during transmission. The coded bit sequence can then be modulated and sent to the receiving end, which will use these coded data for decoding to restore the original source bits.

[0152] For example, a polar code with a length of 1024 can be constructed based on the PW (polarization weight) method and sorted according to reliability. The specific implementation method is not repeated here. The 512 polarized sub-channels with the lowest reliability are used to transmit the frozen bits, and the 512 polarized sub-channels with higher reliability are sorted from low to high according to reliability. The information bits {a (i-1)*512+1 ,a (i-1)*512+2 ,……a i*512The code rate after polar coding is 1 / 2, and rate matching is no longer required. The data of the five coding blocks are concatenated to obtain the coded sequence {b1b2…b 5120}.

[0153] Through steps 901 to 903, efficient polarization coding can be achieved, the performance of data transmission can be optimized, and the reliability under various channel conditions can be improved. This method is particularly suitable for application scenarios that require high-reliability transmission, such as wireless communication systems and data storage systems. It ensures the efficiency and accuracy of data transmission through accurate channel evaluation and optimized coding strategies.

[0154] See also Fig.10 In some embodiments, a transmission frame includes multiple transmission subframes, a first transmission subframe is used to carry a synchronization reference symbol and a target transmission format, and the remaining transmission subframes constitute multiple coding blocks, and the transmission subframes are used to carry source bits and auxiliary information bits. Step 105 may include but is not limited to steps 1001 to 1003:

[0155] Step 1001: Determine the carrying method of the auxiliary information bits according to the transmission frame format, modulation and coding method, and the total length of the auxiliary information bits.

[0156] Step 1002: According to the carrying mode of the auxiliary information bits, the auxiliary information bits are mapped to a demodulation reference signal to generate a corresponding demodulation reference signal.

[0157] Step 1003: Determine the operating frequency of each transmission subframe according to the carrying mode of the auxiliary information bits, map the auxiliary information bits to the operating frequency, and generate a frequency hopping pattern.

[0158] The design and construction of the transmission frame is to maximize the efficiency and reliability of the communication system. The transmission frame consists of multiple transmission subframes, of which the first transmission subframe is of special importance. It not only carries the synchronization reference symbol, but also carries the information of the target transmission format. The synchronization reference symbols are crucial for the receiver because they are used to achieve time-frequency synchronization, ensuring that the receiver can accurately align and decode subsequent data transmissions. The target transmission format information includes the modulation and coding scheme (MCS) and the transmission frame format, which helps the receiver understand how to correctly process and decode the received signal.

[0159] In step 1001 of some embodiments, the transmission frame format defines the structure of the frame and the capacity of each subframe, and the modulation and coding mode determines the modulation mode and coding rate of the signal, and these factors together determine the carrying capacity of the auxiliary information bits. The carrying mode of the auxiliary information bits is determined according to the transmission frame format, the modulation and coding mode, and the total length of the auxiliary information bits, which directly affects how the auxiliary information bits are effectively used in the transmission subframe.

[0160] In step 1002 of some embodiments, according to the carrying mode of the auxiliary information bits, the system maps the auxiliary information bits to the demodulation reference signal to generate the corresponding demodulation reference signal. The demodulation reference signal is a known signal pattern used by the receiving end to demodulate the signal, and needs to be designed to have excellent autocorrelation and cross-correlation characteristics to reduce the impact of multipath effects and interference. By mapping the auxiliary information bits to these signals, the system can ensure that the receiving end can accurately recover these bits, thereby improving the reliability of transmission.

[0161] In step 1003 of some embodiments, the operating frequency of each transmission subframe is determined according to the carrying mode of the auxiliary information bits, and the auxiliary information bits are mapped to these operating frequencies to generate a frequency hopping pattern. The frequency hopping pattern is a pattern used to indicate the signal hopping frequency in a frequency hopping communication system, which allows the signal to hop between different frequencies to avoid frequency selective fading and interference. By mapping the auxiliary information bits to the operating frequencies, the system can ensure the accurate transmission of the auxiliary information bits during the frequency hopping process.

[0162] A typical carrying method is: the demodulation reference symbols and frequency points of multiple consecutive bursts jointly carry the auxiliary bits of a coding block. The number of bits that each burst can carry, BurstAssitLen, is M*C+floor(log2(N)). The carrying allocation method is shown in the following table.

[0163]

[0164] Assume that the auxiliary information bits to be carried by the demodulation reference symbol are assit_bit_queue i (1:C), a typical demodulation reference symbol generation method is: using the Gold sequence, Midam (n) = [1-2x0 (n + m0)] [1-2x1 (n + m1)], where x0 and x1 are two M sequences, n = 0, 1, ... Nc-1, m0 is floor (2^assit_bit_queue i (1:C) / Nc), m1=bin2dec(assit_bit_queue i (1:C))modNc. By analogy, each demodulation reference symbol sequence in each Burst can be obtained. Since the value of the auxiliary bit carried by the demodulation reference symbol has various possibilities, there are 2 demodulation reference symbol sets {Midam (demodulation reference symbol)}. C Different reference symbol sequences.

[0165] Similarly, assuming that the auxiliary information bits to be carried by the current Burst frequency point are assit_bit_queuei (M*C+1:BurstAssitLen), the current Burst working frequency point number is bin2dec(assit_bit_queue i (M*C+1:BurstAssitLen))+1. And so on, all frequency hopping patterns of the wireless frame are obtained.

[0166] Exemplarily, every 4 Burst demodulation reference symbols and frequency hopping points are used as a coding block to carry auxiliary information, and the auxiliary information bits of the i-th coding block are carried in the following manner:

[0167]

[0168] First, generate demodulation reference symbols based on the information bits carried by each demodulation reference symbol. The demodulation reference symbol is 128 in length and carries only 6 bits of information, so the M sequence can be used. A typical generation method is: Midam(n) = [1-2x(n+m)]. Where n = 0, 1...63; m is the decimal value of the information bit carried by the demodulation reference symbol (for example: if the information to be carried is 010101, then m = 21); the generating polynomial of the pseudo-random sequence x is:

[0169] x(i+7)=(x(i+4)+x(i))mod2

[0170] [x(6)x(5)x(4)x(3)x(2)x(1)x(0)]=[0 0 0 0 0 0 1]

[0171] Then, the working frequency of each Burst is determined according to the information bits carried by the working frequency. For example, if the auxiliary information to be carried is 100101, the number of the working frequency is 38.

[0172] Through step 1001 to step 1003, the composition of the transmission frame can be accurately designed and optimized to ensure that the auxiliary information bits can be effectively carried and transmitted, thereby improving the reliability and efficiency of data transmission. This method is particularly suitable for application scenarios that require high-reliability transmission, such as wireless communication systems, data storage systems, etc. It ensures the efficiency and accuracy of data transmission through accurate channel evaluation and optimized coding strategies.

[0173] Step 106: modulate and frame the coded bit sequence to obtain a transmission frame, and send the transmission frame to the receiving end, so that the receiving end receives the transmission frame and performs polarization decoding through the auxiliary information bits to obtain the source bits.

[0174] In step 106 of some embodiments, the coded bit sequence may be converted into a format suitable for wireless transmission according to the modulation and coding method selected in step 101, and organized according to the transmission frame format. The completed transmission frame is then sent to the receiving end. At the receiving end, polarization decoding is performed using the auxiliary information bits to accurately restore the original source bits.

[0175] In some embodiments, first, modulating the polarization-encoded data is a process of converting digital data into a signal form suitable for wireless transmission. In this step, the data is modulated accordingly according to the selected modulation and coding scheme (MCS), such as BPSK, QPSK, 16-QAM, etc. The modulation process can adapt to different channel conditions and transmission requirements to ensure the reliability and efficiency of the signal during transmission.

[0176] Next, interleaving is applied to the modulated data. Interleaving is an error control method that reduces the number of consecutive error bits by rearranging the bits in the data sequence, thereby improving the error detection and correction capabilities of the receiving end. This step is important for resisting burst errors and fading in wireless channels.

[0177] Resource mapping is the process of mapping interleaved data symbols to specific frequency or time domain resources. In multi-carrier transmission technologies such as OFDM, this step involves allocating data symbols to different subcarriers. Resource mapping strategies need to consider multiple factors, such as the frequency characteristics of subcarriers, signal power allocation, etc., to maximize spectrum utilization and transmission performance.

[0178] Framing is the process of organizing the mapped data symbols according to a predetermined frame structure. This step ensures the logical structure and transmission order of the data, and also includes adding necessary frame header information, synchronization sequence, etc., so that the receiving end can correctly identify and process the received signal.

[0179] The receiving end first needs to receive the signal from the transmitting end, which includes all the signals modulated, mapped and framed in step 106. The receiving end recovers the original coded bit sequence by performing the inverse operations such as demodulation, deinterleaving and resource demapping corresponding to the transmitting end.

[0180] Exemplarily, the polarization-encoded data is modulated by BPSK to obtain {c1c2……c 5120}, and perform interleaving according to the interleaving pattern (the specific interleaving method is not described here), and obtain the interleaved symbols {d1d2...d 5120}. According to the frame format (21 Bursts) and modulation and coding format (MCS0) of this transmission, Burst0 is generated. Burst0 includes 3 OFDM symbols, namely synchronization reference symbol, frame format symbol and modulation and coding mode symbol.

[0181] Among them, the synchronization reference symbol length is 128, and the M sequence can be used for the receiving end to perform time-frequency synchronization detection; the frame format symbol length is 128, indicating the number of bursts in this frame, and the M sequence is used; the modulation and coding mode symbol length is 128, indicating the modulation and coding mode used in this frame, and the M sequence is used. The M sequence used by each reference symbol is not described here.

[0182] In order to improve the efficiency of frequency switching, digital frequency conversion can be used, that is, broadband transmission and reception. The signal bandwidth occupied by a single frequency is 1.92MHz, and 64 frequencies occupy a total of 122.88MHz. The frequency domain resource mapping (a total of 8192 subcarriers) performs resource mapping according to the working frequencies of Burst0 to Burst21, and maps the symbol d carried by each Burst to the corresponding subcarrier. Among them, the working frequency of Burst0 is obtained through the absolute time in the communication system. After completing the resource mapping, the transmission frame can be sent to the receiving end.

[0183] See also Fig.11 The embodiment of the present application also provides an information transmission method based on polarization code, which is applied to a receiving end of a communication system. Fig.11 The method in the embodiment may include but is not limited to steps 1101 to 1105. Figure 1 The order of step 1101 to step 1105 is not specifically limited, and the order of steps can be adjusted or some steps can be reduced or added according to actual needs.

[0184] Step 1101: Receive a transmission frame from a transmitting end, perform timing synchronization detection by detecting a synchronization reference symbol of a first transmission subframe, and obtain a target transmission format, a demodulation reference signal, and a frequency hopping pattern in the first transmission subframe.

[0185] Step 1102: Perform blind detection on the working frequency of each transmission subframe, calculate the cumulative power and search for the frequency index corresponding to the maximum power value, and determine the working frequency number of each transmission subframe and the corresponding auxiliary information bit.

[0186] Step 1103: Perform blind detection on each demodulation reference symbol, and obtain the auxiliary information bits carried by each demodulation reference symbol by searching for the demodulation reference symbol index corresponding to the maximum value.

[0187] Step 1004: Obtain auxiliary check bits and auxiliary frozen bits in each coding block according to the demodulation reference signal and the frequency hopping pattern.

[0188] Step 1105: Perform polarization decoding on the transmission frame using the auxiliary check bits and the auxiliary frozen bits to obtain source bits.

[0189] In step 1101 of some embodiments, the primary task of the receiving end is to receive the transmission frame from the transmitting end. In order to ensure that subsequent data can be accurately aligned and decoded, the receiving end performs timing synchronization detection by detecting the synchronization reference symbol in the first transmission subframe. During the synchronization process, the receiving end also obtains the target transmission format information in the first transmission subframe, which includes understanding the frame format, modulation and coding scheme, etc. of the transmission frame. In addition, the receiving end also needs to parse the demodulation reference signal and the frequency hopping pattern for subsequent signal demodulation and data recovery.

[0190] Specifically, the receiving end receives all the data of N working frequencies, and stays at the working frequency of Burst0, realizes time-frequency synchronization by detecting the synchronization reference symbol, and obtains the format and modulation coding scheme (MCS) of the received frame by detecting other fields in Burst0. According to the position of timing synchronization, the starting time of each Burst is obtained, and the receiving demodulation reference symbol Rx_Midam in each Burst is extracted at N frequency points. i,j,m (Demodulation reference symbol), where i is the frequency index, j is the Burst index, and m is the reference symbol index inside the Burst. i,j,m (demodulation reference symbol), and 2 in the demodulation reference symbol set C The demodulated reference symbols are correlated to obtain the correlation value R i,j,m,n , where n = 1, 2, ... 2 C .

[0191] In step 1102 of some embodiments, the receiving end performs a blind check on the operating frequency of each transmission subframe. Blind detection is a technique for determining signal parameters without prior information. The receiving end determines the operating frequency number of each transmission subframe by calculating the cumulative power and searching for the frequency index corresponding to the maximum power value. This step allows the receiving end to identify the frequency actually used by the transmitting end, so that the signal can be accurately received and processed. At the same time, the determination of the operating frequency number also reveals the corresponding auxiliary information bits, which are embedded in the signal at the transmitting end to assist the decoding process of the receiving end.

[0192] In step 1103 of some embodiments, the receiving end performs blind detection on each demodulation reference symbol. The demodulation reference symbol is a known signal pattern in the transmission frame used to assist the receiving end in signal demodulation. The receiving end obtains the auxiliary information bits carried by each demodulation reference symbol by searching for the demodulation reference symbol index corresponding to the maximum value. This step is crucial for extracting the auxiliary information bits because these bits will be used in the subsequent polarization decoding process to help improve the accuracy and efficiency of decoding.

[0193] In step 1104 of some embodiments, the receiving end obtains auxiliary check bits and auxiliary frozen bits in each coding block according to the demodulation reference signal and the frequency hopping pattern. The auxiliary check bits are used for error detection and correction in the decoding process, while the auxiliary frozen bits are fixed to known values ​​in the polarization coding process to reduce coding complexity and improve decoding accuracy.

[0194] Specifically, a blind detection is performed on the operating frequency points of each Burst. Calculate the cumulative power Search for P′ i,j,n The frequency index freqIdx corresponding to the maximum value is the working frequency number of the Burst, and the auxiliary information carried by the working frequency can be obtained. Then, blind detection is performed on each reference symbol. Burst and reference symbol are processed one by one to search for R freqIdx,j,m,n The demodulation reference symbol index symIdx corresponding to the maximum value is converted into binary to be the auxiliary bit carried by the current reference symbol. Finally, according to the carrying format of the auxiliary information, the auxiliary CRC information and auxiliary frozen bit information in each coding block are obtained.

[0195] In step 1105 of some embodiments, auxiliary information bits are used to assist decoding, thereby accurately restoring the original source bits, and the entire information transmission process is successfully completed, ensuring the integrity and accuracy of the data.

[0196] Specifically, according to the blind detection results of the working frequency and the reference symbol, the data symbols in the received wireless frame are extracted, demodulated, deinterleaved, and rate matched, and then polarization decoding is performed. During serial polarization decoding, the polarization channel decoding bit sequence corresponding to the auxiliary frozen bit position is directly replaced by the auxiliary frozen bit information obtained in the above steps. At the same time, during the decoding process, in each CRC segment, the auxiliary CRC information obtained is used to perform CRC verification on each decoding result in the decoding path list, and the decoding results with successful verification and the decoding paths with higher metric values ​​are retained. Finally, after all bits are decoded, the auxiliary CRC of all signal sources is used for verification, and the result with correct verification is selected from the path list as the final decoding result.

[0197] Exemplarily, the receiving end receives all 122.88MHz signals and performs timing synchronization detection at the frequency corresponding to Burst0. After the timing synchronization detection is successful, the starting position of the wireless frame can be obtained. Then, the frame format symbol and modulation coding mode symbol in Burst0 are parsed to obtain the number of Bursts in the wireless frame and the MCS format used.

[0198] According to the timing synchronization position, perform 8192-point FFT on the received signal to obtain all frequency domain data of Burst1 to Burst 20 at 64 frequency points. According to the demodulation reference symbol frequency domain mapping pattern in the transmission format, extract the received demodulation reference symbol Rx_Midam i,j (demodulation reference symbol), i = 1, 2...64; j = 1, 2...20. Then, according to the demodulation reference symbol set {Midam (demodulation reference symbol)}, the auxiliary information blind detection is performed on each Burst, and the reference symbol index and frequency index obtained by 20 Bursts are converted into binary. According to the mapping relationship, the auxiliary bit information carried by the frequency point and the reference symbol can be obtained. According to the aforementioned auxiliary information carrying method, the auxiliary information sequence in each coding block is obtained.

[0199] The operating frequency of each Burst is determined according to the frequency index, and the data symbols of each Burst are extracted from the 8192 subcarriers. The demodulation reference symbol determined by the demodulation reference symbol index is coherently demodulated to obtain a soft value LLR with a length of 5120, and deinterleaving is performed.

[0200] According to the coding block order, every 1024 LLRs are grouped together and SCL serial channel decoding is performed respectively, and the number of lists is 8. During the decoding process, the frozen bit position is directly decoded to 0, and the decoding results of the 8 auxiliary frozen bit positions are directly replaced with the first 8 bits of rx_assit_bit_queue (auxiliary information sequence). When the other information bits are decoded to 100, the first CRC check is performed according to rx_assit_bit_queue (auxiliary information sequence) (9:16), and the decoding paths that pass the check and the paths with larger metric values ​​are retained; when the information bits are decoded to 160 more, the second CRC check is performed according to rx_assit_bit_queue (auxiliary information sequence) (17:24), and the decoding paths that pass the check and the paths with larger metric values ​​are retained; when the information bits are decoded to 244 more, the third CRC check is performed according to rx_assit_bit_queue (auxiliary information sequence) (25:32), and the decoding paths that pass the check and the paths with larger metric values ​​are retained; finally, the fourth CRC check is performed on all 504 information bits according to rx_assit_bit_queue (33:48), and the path with correct decoding is output. If the CRC checks of all the paths in the list are wrong, the path with the largest metric value is selected as the final decoding result.

[0201] Through step 1101 to step 1105, the embodiment of the present application provides a method for effectively processing and decoding information transmission based on polar codes at a receiving end. This method not only improves the reliability of data transmission, but also optimizes the communication performance under complex channel conditions.

[0202] See also Fig.12 The embodiment of the present application further provides an information transmission device based on polarization code, which is applied to a transmitting end of a communication system, including:

[0203] An acquisition module, which acquires source bits and transmission channel quality, and determines a target transmission format according to the source bits and the transmission channel; wherein the target transmission format includes a transmission frame format and a modulation and coding mode;

[0204] A determination module, which determines the total bit length of the auxiliary information of each transmission frame according to the transmission frame format and the modulation and coding mode;

[0205] A first generating module, generating auxiliary information bits according to the source bits and the total length of the auxiliary information bits; wherein the auxiliary information bits include auxiliary frozen bits and auxiliary check bits;

[0206] an encoding module, mapping the source bits and the auxiliary information bits to a subchannel of a polar code to perform polar code encoding to obtain a coded bit sequence;

[0207] A second generating module, generating a demodulation reference symbol and a frequency hopping pattern according to the auxiliary information bits, the transmission frame format and the modulation and coding mode;

[0208] The sending module modulates and frames the coded bit sequence to obtain a transmission frame, and sends the transmission frame to a receiving end, so that the receiving end receives the transmission frame and performs polarization decoding through the auxiliary information bit to obtain the source bit.

[0209] The embodiments of the present application propose a polar code-based information transmission method, device, electronic device, and storage medium. First, a source bit and a transmission channel quality are obtained, and a target transmission format is determined according to the source bit and the transmission channel; wherein the target transmission format includes a transmission frame format and a modulation and coding mode; according to the transmission frame format and the modulation and coding mode, a total bit length of auxiliary information of each transmission frame is determined; auxiliary information bits are generated according to the source bits and the total length of the auxiliary information bits; wherein the auxiliary information bits include auxiliary frozen bits and auxiliary check bits; the source bits are mapped to a subchannel of a polar code for polar code encoding to obtain a coded bit sequence; according to the auxiliary information bits, the transmission frame format, and the modulation and coding mode, a demodulation reference symbol and a frequency hopping pattern are generated; the coded bit sequence is modulated and framed to obtain a transmission frame, and the transmission frame is sent to a receiving end, so that the receiving end receives the transmission frame, and polarization decoding is performed through the auxiliary information bits to obtain the source bits.

[0210] With respect to the problems in the background technology, the information transmission method based on polarization code provided in the embodiment of the present application first determines the target transmission format, including the transmission frame format and modulation coding method, by obtaining the quality information of the source bits and the transmission channel. Such a design enables the transmission process to be dynamically adjusted according to the real-time channel conditions to adapt to different communication environments, thereby optimizing the transmission performance. Furthermore, the method determines the total bit length of the auxiliary information of each transmission frame, generates auxiliary frozen bits and auxiliary check bits based on the transmission frame format and modulation coding method, and the introduction of auxiliary frozen bits is equivalent to improving the transmission performance by reducing the code rate without adding additional bits. The auxiliary check bits provide the receiving end with additional check information for improving the accuracy of decoding. In the polarization code encoding stage, the source bits are mapped to the subchannels of the polarization code. This process utilizes the characteristics of channel polarization and maximizes the potential of the channel capacity. In this way, even under limited code length conditions, the theoretical channel capacity can be approached to achieve efficient data transmission. Next, demodulation reference symbols and frequency hopping patterns are generated. The demodulation reference symbols and frequency hopping patterns not only carry auxiliary information bits, but also provide the necessary synchronization and demodulation references for the receiving end, ensuring accurate recovery of the signal. Finally, the transmission frame obtained by modulating the framing is sent to the receiving end. The receiving end uses the auxiliary information bits for polarization decoding, which includes the use of auxiliary frozen bits and auxiliary check bits to improve the accuracy and efficiency of decoding. Finally, the source bits are accurately recovered, completing the reliable transmission of information.

[0211] The present application also provides an electronic device, including:

[0212] at least one memory;

[0213] at least one processor;

[0214] at least one program;

[0215] The program is stored in the memory, and the processor executes the at least one program to implement the above-mentioned information transmission method based on polarization code in the present application. The electronic device can be any intelligent terminal including a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a car computer, etc.

[0216] See also Fig.13 , Fig.13 The hardware structure of an electronic device of another embodiment is illustrated, and the electronic device includes:

[0217] The processor 1301 may be implemented by a general-purpose CPU (Central Processing Unit), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits, and is used to execute relevant programs to implement the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application;

[0218] The memory 1302 may be implemented in the form of a ROM (Read Only Memory), a static storage device, a dynamic storage device, or a RAM (Random Access Memory). The memory 1302 may store an operating system and other application programs. When the technical solution provided in the embodiment of this specification is implemented by software or firmware, the relevant program code is stored in the memory 1302, and the processor 1301 is called to execute the information transmission method based on polar codes in the embodiment of the present application;

[0219] Input / output interface 1303, used to implement information input and output;

[0220] The communication interface 1304 is used to realize the communication interaction between the device and other devices. The communication can be realized through a wired manner (such as USB, network cable, etc.) or a wireless manner (such as mobile network, WIFI, Bluetooth, etc.);

[0221] A bus 1305 that transmits information between the various components of the device (e.g., the processor 1301, the memory 1302, the input / output interface 1303, and the communication interface 1304);

[0222] The processor 1301 , the memory 1302 , the input / output interface 1303 and the communication interface 1304 are connected to each other in communication within the device via a bus 1305 .

[0223] An embodiment of the present application further provides a storage medium, which is a computer-readable storage medium. The storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned information transmission method based on polar codes is implemented.

[0224] The memory, as a non-transient computer-readable storage medium, can be used to store non-transient software programs and non-transient computer executable programs. In addition, the memory may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-transient memory, such as at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other non-transient solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, the memory may optionally include a memory remotely disposed relative to the processor, and these remote memories may be connected to the processor via a network. Examples of the above-mentioned network include, but are not limited to, the Internet, an intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and combinations thereof.

[0225] The embodiments described in the embodiments of the present application are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that with the evolution of technology and the emergence of new application scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0226] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the technical solutions shown in the figures do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present application, and may include more or fewer steps than shown in the figures, or a combination of certain steps, or different steps.

[0227] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0228] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or some of the steps in the methods disclosed above, and the functional modules / units in the systems and devices may be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, or a suitable combination thereof.

[0229] The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. (if any) in the specification of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0230] It should be understood that in the present application, "at least one (item)" means one or more, and "plurality" means two or more. "And / or" is used to describe the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, "A and / or B" can mean: only A exists, only B exists, and A and B exist at the same time, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the objects associated before and after are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following items" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single items or plural items. For example, at least one item (one) of a, b or c can mean: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, c can be single or multiple.

[0231] In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the above units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. The mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0232] The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0233] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.

[0234] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including multiple instructions to enable a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, referred to as ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory, referred to as RAM), disk or optical disk and other media that can store programs.

[0235] The preferred embodiments of the present application are described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the rights of the present application is not limited thereto. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and essence of the present application should be within the scope of the rights of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for information transmission based on polarization codes, applied to a transmitting end of a communication system, characterized in that: The method comprises: Acquire source bits and transmission channel quality, and determine a target transmission format according to the source bits and the transmission channel; wherein the target transmission format includes a transmission frame format and a modulation and coding mode; Determine the total bit length of the auxiliary information of each transmission frame according to the transmission frame format and the modulation and coding mode; Generate auxiliary information bits according to the source bits and the total length of the auxiliary information bits; wherein the auxiliary information bits include auxiliary frozen bits and auxiliary check bits; Mapping the source bits to a subchannel of a polar code to perform polar code encoding to obtain a coded bit sequence; Generate a demodulation reference symbol and a frequency hopping pattern according to the auxiliary information bits, the transmission frame format and the modulation and coding scheme; The coded bit sequence is modulated and framed to obtain a transmission frame, and the transmission frame is sent to a receiving end, so that the receiving end receives the transmission frame and performs polarization decoding through the auxiliary information bit to obtain the source bit.

2. The information transmission method based on polarization code according to claim 1, characterized in that: The determining, according to the transmission frame format and the modulation and coding mode, the total bit length of the auxiliary information of each transmission frame comprises: Determining the number of demodulation reference symbols in each of the transmission frames according to the transmission frame format; According to the modulation and coding mode, determining the number of frequency hopping frequencies in each transmission frame; wherein the demodulation reference symbol and the frequency hopping frequency are used to carry auxiliary information bits; Calculate the first auxiliary information bit length carried by the demodulation reference symbol according to the number of demodulation reference symbols and the transmission frame mode; Calculate the bit length of the second auxiliary information carried by the frequency hopping frequency according to the modulation and coding mode and the number of the frequency hopping frequencies; The total auxiliary information bit length is calculated according to the first auxiliary information bit length and the second auxiliary information bit length.

3. The information transmission method based on polarization code according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transmission frame is divided into a plurality of coding blocks, and the generating of auxiliary information bits according to the source bits and the total length of the auxiliary information bits includes: Evenly distributing the total length of the auxiliary information bits to each of the remaining coding blocks to obtain an average auxiliary information bit length corresponding to each coding block; Selecting a preset number of bits from the source bits of each of the coding blocks as the auxiliary frozen bits; Performing CRC calculation on the remaining source bits of each of the coding blocks to obtain the auxiliary check bits; The auxiliary information bits corresponding to each coding block are generated according to the auxiliary frozen bits and the auxiliary check bits corresponding to each coding block.

4. The information transmission method based on polarization code according to claim 3, characterized in that: The performing CRC calculation on the remaining source bits of each of the coding blocks to obtain the auxiliary check bits includes: Performing CRC calculation on the remaining source bits of each coding block to obtain overall auxiliary check bits; Segmenting the remaining source bits of each coding block in increasing length to obtain a plurality of bit segments; Performing CRC calculation on each of the bit segments respectively to generate segmented auxiliary check bits corresponding to each of the bit segments; The auxiliary check bits are generated according to the overall auxiliary check bits and the segmented auxiliary check bits corresponding to each of the bit segments.

5. The information transmission method based on polarization code according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mapping the source bits to the polar code subchannel to perform polar code encoding to obtain a coded bit sequence includes: Determine, according to a modulation and coding mode, a frozen bit length and an information bit length in polar coding; wherein the information bit includes the remaining source bits and the auxiliary frozen bits; sorting the subchannels in each transmission subframe for reliability, and mapping them to the remaining source bits and the auxiliary frozen bits in descending order of reliability according to the reliability sorting result and the information bit length; Polar code encoding is performed on the mapped transmission subframe to obtain the coded bit sequence.

6. The information transmission method based on polarization code according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transmission frame includes a plurality of transmission subframes, a first transmission subframe is used to carry a synchronization reference symbol and a target transmission format, and the remaining transmission subframes constitute a plurality of coding blocks, the transmission subframes are used to carry the source bits and the auxiliary information bits, and the generating of the demodulation reference symbol and the frequency hopping pattern according to the auxiliary information bits, the transmission frame format and the modulation and coding mode includes: Determining a carrying mode of the auxiliary information bits according to the transmission frame format, the modulation and coding mode, and the total length of the auxiliary information bits; According to the carrying mode of the auxiliary information bits, the auxiliary information bits are mapped to the demodulation reference signal to generate the corresponding demodulation reference signal; According to the carrying mode of the auxiliary information bits, the operating frequency of each transmission subframe is determined, the auxiliary information bits are mapped to the operating frequency, and the frequency hopping pattern is generated.

7. A method for information transmission based on polarization codes, applied to a receiving end of a communication system as claimed in claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The method comprises: Receive a transmission frame from a transmitting end, perform timing synchronization detection by detecting a synchronization reference symbol of a first transmission subframe, and obtain a target transmission format, a demodulation reference signal, and a frequency hopping pattern in the first transmission subframe; Performing blind detection on the working frequency of each transmission subframe, determining the working frequency number of each transmission subframe and the corresponding auxiliary information bit by calculating the cumulative power and searching for the frequency index corresponding to the maximum power value; Performing blind detection on each demodulation reference symbol, and obtaining the auxiliary information bit carried by each demodulation reference symbol by searching for the demodulation reference symbol index corresponding to the maximum value; Acquire auxiliary check bits and auxiliary frozen bits in each coding block according to the demodulation reference signal and the frequency hopping pattern; Polarization decoding is performed on the transmission frame by using the auxiliary check bits and the auxiliary frozen bits to obtain source bits.

8. An information transmission device based on polarization code, applied to the transmitting end of a communication system, characterized in that: include: An acquisition module, which acquires source bits and transmission channel quality, and determines a target transmission format according to the source bits and the transmission channel; wherein the target transmission format includes a transmission frame format and a modulation and coding mode; A determination module, which determines the total bit length of the auxiliary information of each transmission frame according to the transmission frame format and the modulation and coding mode; A first generating module, generating auxiliary information bits according to the source bits and the total length of the auxiliary information bits; wherein the auxiliary information bits include auxiliary frozen bits and auxiliary check bits; an encoding module, mapping the source bits and the auxiliary information bits to a subchannel of a polar code to perform polar code encoding to obtain a coded bit sequence; A second generating module, generating a demodulation reference symbol and a frequency hopping pattern according to the auxiliary information bits, the transmission frame format and the modulation and coding mode; The sending module modulates and frames the coded bit sequence to obtain a transmission frame, and sends the transmission frame to a receiving end, so that the receiving end receives the transmission frame and performs polarization decoding through the auxiliary information bit to obtain the source bit.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: The method comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and is characterized in that when the processor executes the computer program, the method for information transmission based on polar codes according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the information transmission method based on polar codes according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

Images