Soil fertilization and improvement equipment

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery and equipment, and specifically to a soil fertilization and improvement device, comprising a loosening mechanism for breaking up compacted soil on the surface of the ground, wherein the loosening mechanism comprises a mounting frame, and the mounting frame is fixedly connected to the tractor body. In the present invention, air is pressed into a pressurized box by driving a piston column downward, and then the fertilizer can be connected to the air and transported to the fertilizer discharge pipe by a hose, and then discharged through multiple fertilizer delivery columns in the horizontal shovel column, thereby preventing soil from clogging the fertilizer delivery columns while transporting the fertilizer. In the process of deep plowing and further outputting the soil using a deep plowing mechanism, the fertilizer is applied to the deep soil through the multiple fertilizer delivery columns, and the screw can be driven to rotate by a rotating block as needed to adjust the height of the horizontal shovel column, so that the fertilizer application depth can be adjusted according to the difference in soil and plant species, so that the fertilization and improvement device can be used under a variety of soil conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery and equipment, in particular to soil fertilization and improvement equipment. Background Art

[0002] Soil fertilization and improvement is a crucial component of agricultural production. Its goal is to improve soil structure and fertility through scientific and rational fertilization methods, thereby promoting crop growth and development. The combination of bacterial fertilizer and chemical fertilizer can enhance soil fertility and improve soil structure. By maintaining the environment and activity of the bacterial community, bacterial fertilizer promotes the growth of beneficial bacteria in the soil and inhibits the growth of other bacteria, thereby improving the physical and chemical properties of the soil and reducing problems such as soil compaction, acidification, and salinization. Furthermore, bacterial fertilizer can activate fixed nutrients, increase nutrient availability, and further enhance soil fertility, playing a significant role in soil improvement. Bacterial fertilizer and chemical fertilizer need to be applied to different soil layers. Existing methods typically apply bacterial fertilizer to the surface and then apply chemical fertilizer deeper into the soil. This method can easily cause the chemical fertilizer and bacterial strain to mix, inhibiting bacterial activity or altering the soil microenvironment, negatively impacting bacterial survival and reproduction. Current stratified fertilization requires multiple steps using agricultural machinery, making the soil improvement process more cumbersome. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a soil fertilization and improvement device to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A soil fertilization and improvement device, comprising:

[0006] A loosening mechanism, used to break up the compacted soil on the ground surface, the loosening mechanism comprising a mounting frame, the mounting frame being fixedly connected to the tractor body;

[0007] A deep tillage mechanism, used for fertilizing deep soil, wherein the deep tillage mechanism is fixedly arranged on one side of the mounting frame;

[0008] The surface fertilizing mechanism is used to apply bacterial fertilizer to the shallow soil, and the surface fertilizing mechanism is fixedly arranged on one side of the deep plowing mechanism.

[0009] Furthermore, the loosening mechanism includes:

[0010] A drive shaft is rotatably connected to the mounting frame, and the drive shaft is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the diesel engine;

[0011] There are multiple earth-breaking wheels, which are fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the drive shaft at equal distances;

[0012] Synchronous pulley 1, fixedly sleeved on the end of the drive shaft;

[0013] One end of a transmission belt is sleeved on a synchronous pulley.

[0014] Furthermore, a plurality of soil breaking rods are spirally fixedly connected to the outer wall of the driving shaft at equal intervals.

[0015] Furthermore, the deep cultivation organization includes:

[0016] There are three positioning plates, which are fixedly connected to the side walls of the mounting frame at equal distances;

[0017] There are three deep plowing columns, which are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the positioning plate at equal distances;

[0018] There are three screw rods, all of which are rotatably connected to the inside of the deep plow column;

[0019] There are three transverse shovel columns, all of which are screwed together with the screw rod and are slidably embedded in the deep plow column;

[0020] The rotating block is fixedly connected to the top of the screw;

[0021] There are six fertilizer delivery columns, which are symmetrically fixed to the side walls of the transverse shovel columns;

[0022] The fertilizer discharge pipe is fixedly connected between the two horizontal shovel columns and is communicated with the interior of the horizontal shovel columns.

[0023] Furthermore, the top of the fertilizer discharge pipe is fixedly connected to one end of a hose, the other end of the hose is fixedly connected to a pressurizing box, the top of the pressurizing box is fixedly connected to a fertilizer box, and soil conditioner and fertilizer are stored in the fertilizer box.

[0024] Furthermore, the deep cultivation organization includes:

[0025] A sealing ring, fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the fertilizer tank;

[0026] A closing cover, slidably sleeved with the sealing ring;

[0027] A lifting column is slidably connected to the fertilizer box;

[0028] The return spring is sleeved on the outside of the lifting column and fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the fertilizer box;

[0029] The sliding hole column conflicts with the bottom end of the lifting column;

[0030] A sliding rod is slidably sleeved in the sliding hole column;

[0031] A turntable is fixedly connected to the end of the sliding rod;

[0032] The linkage column is fixedly connected to the center of the turntable;

[0033] A double-groove pulley is fixedly sleeved on the end of the linkage column, and the double-groove pulley is sleeved with one phase of the transmission belt;

[0034] The positioning arm is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the linkage shaft and fixedly connected to the bottom of the fertilizer box.

[0035] Furthermore, the deep cultivation organization includes:

[0036] The piston column is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom of the sliding hole column;

[0037] The cylinder is fixedly connected to the side wall of the pressurizing box and is slidably sleeved with the piston rod;

[0038] A one-way valve is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the cylinder;

[0039] The air pipe is fixedly connected between the cylinder and the pressurized box.

[0040] Furthermore, the surface fertilization mechanism includes:

[0041] There are two fixed columns, both of which are fixedly connected to the side walls of the fertilizer box;

[0042] There are two fixed roller plates, both of which are fixedly connected to the ends of the fixed columns;

[0043] There are two rotating rollers, which are rotatably connected between the two ends of the two fixed roller plates;

[0044] The second synchronous pulley is fixedly sleeved on the end of the rotating roller;

[0045] The second transmission belt is sleeved between the second synchronous pulley and the double-groove pulley;

[0046] The conveyor belt is sleeved between two rotating rollers;

[0047] There are multiple digging half-cylinders, which are fixedly connected to the surface of the conveyor belt at equal distances.

[0048] Furthermore, a mixing shaft is rotatably connected in the digging half-cylinder, a tooth column is fixedly sleeved on the end of the mixing shaft, one side of the tooth column is meshedly connected to a rack plate, and one side of the rack plate is fixedly connected to a vertical plate.

[0049] Furthermore, the surface fertilization mechanism includes:

[0050] The bacterial fertilizer tank is fixedly connected to one side of the fertilizer tank;

[0051] There are three discharge cavity plates, which are fixedly connected to the bottom of the fertilizer box at equal distances;

[0052] There are multiple square blocks, which are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the discharge cavity plate at equal distances;

[0053] The comb plate is slidably connected to the bottom of the discharge cavity plate;

[0054] A sliding plate, fixedly connected to the bottom end of the comb plate;

[0055] The inclined plane block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding plate, and the inclined plane block is slidably embedded in the vertical plate;

[0056] Two tension springs are provided and are symmetrically fixedly connected to the side walls of the sliding plate.

[0057] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0058] 1. The tractor can drive the device to move in the farmland, and the output end of the diesel engine can drive the drive shaft to rotate. During the movement, the drive shaft can drive the multiple soil-breaking wheels on the outer wall to rotate, so that the compacted land can be broken up and reclaimed. At the same time, the multiple soil-breaking rods spirally arranged on the drive shaft can break up the soil blocks during the rolling process, so that the soil can be loosened before fertilization, thereby improving the air permeability of the soil on the one hand, preventing the soil from being too compacted and causing poor air permeability, and preventing oxygen from entering the soil layer, thereby affecting the normal breathing and growth of plant roots. On the other hand, it makes it easier for water to penetrate into the soil, so that the plant roots can easily absorb water.

[0059] 2. The three deep plowing columns in the deep plowing mechanism are driven by the hydraulic cylinder to gradually descend, so that the tip of the deep plowing column first penetrates into the soil, and then as the deep plowing column continues to penetrate, it can dig multiple vertical grooves in the soil. The deep plowing column can also drive the horizontal shovel column to follow the movement, so that when the deep plowing column descends to the deep layer of the soil, the horizontal shovel column can be used to dig horizontal grooves in the soil along the moving direction of the equipment. At the same time, the synchronous pulley is driven to rotate by the drive shaft, and then the double-groove pulley and the linkage column are driven to rotate by the transmission belt, so that the turntable can be driven to rotate continuously, so that the turntable can drive the sliding rod to slide back and forth in the sliding hole column. When the sliding hole column rises, it can push the lifting column to rise, and the lifting column can drive the closing cover to rise together, so that it is separated from the sealing ring, and then the fertilizer box The fertilizer in the fertilizer can enter the pressure box through the circular hole in the ring sealing ring. At the same time, the sliding hole column will drive the piston column to rise, so that air can be extracted from the outside through the one-way valve. When the sliding hole column descends, it can drive the piston column to descend and press the air into the pressure box. Then the fertilizer can be connected with the air and transported to the fertilizer discharge pipe by the hose. Then it is discharged through the multiple fertilizer delivery columns in the horizontal shovel column, so as to prevent the soil from blocking the fertilizer delivery column while transporting the fertilizer. In the process of deep plowing and further outputting the soil using the deep tillage mechanism, the fertilizer is applied to the deep soil through multiple fertilizer delivery columns, and the screw can be driven to rotate by the rotating block according to needs, so as to adjust the height of the horizontal shovel column, so that the fertilizer application depth can be adjusted according to the difference in soil and plants, so that the fertilization improvement device can be used under a variety of soil conditions.

[0060] 3. The double-groove pulley can synchronously drive the transmission belt 2 to roll, so that the other end of the transmission belt 2 can drive the synchronous pulley 2 and the rotating roller to rotate, and then drive the conveyor belt and multiple digging half-cylinders on the outer wall to circulate. When the digging half-cylinder is at the bottom of the conveyor belt, the surface soil can be excavated and scooped into the digging half-cylinder. As the digging half-cylinder slides and rises along the surface of the vertical plate, the digging half-cylinder will slide and conflict with the inclined block, thereby driving the inclined block and the sliding plate to slide at the bottom of the discharge cavity plate. The sliding plate can drive the comb plate to move and separate the square blocks, and the gap between the square blocks It can facilitate the discharge of fertilizers, and then the bacterial agent and organic fertilizer in the bacterial fertilizer box fall into the excavation half-cylinder through the discharge cavity plate. At the same time, due to the meshing rotation of the tooth column and the rack plate, the mixing shaft is driven to mix the bacterial agent with the organic fertilizer and the surface soil. When the excavation half-cylinder is turned over to the opening facing downward, the soil mixed with the bacterial agent can be sprinkled back on the soil surface, which is convenient for applying bacterial fertilizer to the surface soil. The equipment can be used for layered fertilization with the chemical fertilizer applied in the deep soil, and the two will not be mixed, thereby avoiding the loss of activity of the microorganisms in the bacterial fertilizer, thereby improving the soil improvement effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0061] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the loosening mechanism in the present invention;

[0063] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the deep plowing mechanism in the present invention;

[0064] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the deep plowing column structure of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a fertilizer box in the present invention;

[0066] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the sliding hole column structure of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of the surface fertilization mechanism of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the digging half-cylinder structure of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the neutral plate connection structure of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the discharge cavity plate in the present invention.

[0071] In the figure: 100, loosening mechanism; 101, mounting frame; 102, driving shaft; 103, soil-breaking wheel; 104, soil-breaking rod; 105, synchronous pulley 1; 106, transmission belt 1; 200, deep plowing mechanism; 201, positioning plate; 202, deep plowing column; 203, screw; 204, horizontal shovel column; 205, rotating block; 206, fertilizer delivery column; 207, fertilizer discharge pipe; 208, hose; 209, pressurizing box; 210, fertilizer box; 211, sealing ring; 212, lifting column; 213, closing cover; 214, return spring; 215, sliding hole column; 216, sliding rod; 217, turntable; 218 , linkage column; 219, double-groove pulley; 220, positioning arm; 221, piston column; 222, cylinder; 223, one-way valve; 224, air pipe; 300, surface fertilization mechanism; 301, fixed column; 302, positioning plate; 303, rotating roller; 304, synchronous pulley 2; 305, transmission belt 2; 306, conveyor belt; 307, digging half cylinder; 308, mixing shaft; 309, tooth column; 310, vertical plate; 311, rack plate; 312, fertilizer box; 313, discharge cavity plate; 314, square block; 315, comb plate; 316, sliding plate; 317, inclined block; 318, tension spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0072] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0073] See also Figure 1-10 In an embodiment of the present invention, a soil fertilization and improvement device includes: a loosening mechanism 100 for breaking up the compacted soil on the surface of the ground, the loosening mechanism 100 includes a mounting frame 101, and the mounting frame 101 is fixedly connected to the tractor body; a deep plowing mechanism 200 for fertilizing the deep soil, and the deep plowing mechanism 200 is fixedly arranged on one side of the mounting frame 101; a surface fertilizing mechanism 300 for applying bacterial fertilizer to the shallow soil, and the surface fertilizing mechanism 300 is fixedly arranged on one side of the deep plowing mechanism 200, and the loosening mechanism 100 includes: a drive shaft 102 rotatably connected to the mounting frame 101, and the drive shaft 102 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the diesel engine; a plurality of soil-breaking wheels 103 are provided, which are fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the drive shaft 102 at equal distances; a synchronous pulley 105 is fixedly sleeved on the end of the drive shaft 102; one end of a transmission belt 106 is sleeved on the synchronous pulley 105, and a plurality of soil-breaking rods 104 are spirally fixedly connected on the outer wall of the drive shaft 102 at equal distances.

[0074] Specifically, the tractor can drive the device to move in the farmland, and the output end of the diesel engine can drive the drive shaft 102 to rotate. During the movement, the drive shaft 102 can drive the multiple soil-breaking wheels 103 on the outer wall to rotate, so that the compacted land can be broken up and reclaimed. At the same time, the multiple soil-breaking rods 104 spirally arranged on the drive shaft 102 can break up the soil blocks during the rolling process, so that the soil can be loosened before fertilizing, thereby improving the air permeability of the soil on the one hand, preventing the soil from being too compacted and causing poor air permeability, and oxygen cannot enter the soil layer, thereby affecting the normal breathing and growth of plant roots. On the other hand, it makes it easier for water to penetrate into the soil, so that the plant roots can easily absorb water.

[0075] Example 1

[0076] like Figure 3-6As shown, in this embodiment, the deep plowing mechanism 200 includes: three positioning plates 201 are provided, which are fixedly connected to the side walls of the mounting frame 101 at equal distances; three deep plowing columns 202 are provided, which are fixedly connected to the bottom ends of the positioning plates 201 at equal distances; three screws 203 are provided, all of which are rotatably connected to the inside of the deep plowing columns 202; three transverse shovel columns 204 are provided, all of which are screwed together with the screws 203 and slidingly embedded in the deep plowing columns 202; the rotating block 205 is fixedly connected to the top of the screw 203; six fertilizer delivery columns 206 are provided, which are symmetrically fixedly connected to the side walls of the transverse shovel columns 204; the fertilizer discharge pipe 207 is fixedly connected between the two transverse shovel columns 204, and is communicated with the inside of the transverse shovel columns 204. The top of the fertilizer discharge pipe 207 is fixedly connected to one end of a hose 208, the other end of the hose 208 is fixedly connected to a pressurizing box 209, and the top of the pressurizing box 209 is fixedly connected to a fertilizer box 210, which stores soil conditioner and fertilizer. The sealing ring 211 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the fertilizer box 210; the closing cover 213 is slidably connected to the sealing ring 211; the lifting column 212 is slidably connected to the fertilizer box 210; the return spring 214 is connected to the outside of the lifting column 212 and is fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the fertilizer box 210; the sliding hole column 215 is in conflict with the bottom end of the lifting column 212; the sliding rod 216 is slidably connected to the sliding hole column 215; the turntable 217 is fixedly connected to the end of the sliding rod 216; the linkage column 218 is fixedly connected to the center position of the turntable 217; the double-groove pulley 219 is fixedly connected to the end of the linkage column 218, and the double-groove pulley 219 is connected to the transmission belt 106; the positioning arm 220 is rotatably connected to the outside of the linkage shaft 218 and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fertilizer box 210. The piston column 221 is fixedly connected to the bottom center position of the sliding hole column 215; the cylinder 222 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the pressurizing box 209 and is slidably connected to the piston column 221; the one-way valve 223 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the cylinder 222; the air pipe 224 is fixedly connected between the cylinder 222 and the pressurizing box 209.

[0077] In this embodiment, the agricultural machine drives the deep plowing mechanism 200 to move, and the three deep plowing columns 202 in the deep plowing mechanism 200 are driven to gradually descend by the hydraulic cylinder, so that the tip of the deep plowing column 202 first penetrates into the soil, and then as the deep plowing column 202 continues to penetrate, it can dig multiple vertical grooves in the soil. The deep plowing column 202 can simultaneously drive the horizontal shovel column 204 to follow the movement, so that when the deep plowing column 202 descends to the deep layer of the soil, the horizontal shovel column 204 can be used to move the deep plowing column 202. It can dig a horizontal groove in the soil along the moving direction of the equipment, and at the same time drive the synchronous pulley 105 to rotate through the driving shaft 102, and then use the transmission belt 106 to drive the double-groove pulley 219 and the linkage column 218 to rotate, thereby driving the turntable 217 to rotate continuously, so that the turntable 217 can drive the sliding rod 216 to slide back and forth in the sliding hole column 215. When the sliding hole column 215 rises, it can push the lifting column 212 to rise, and the lifting column 212 can drive the closing cover 213 to rise together. The sliding hole column 215 drives the piston column 221 to rise, thereby extracting air from the outside through the one-way valve 223. When the sliding hole column 215 descends, it drives the piston column 221 to descend and pressurize the air into the pressurized box 209. Then, the fertilizer can be connected with the air and transported to the fertilizer discharge pipe 207 by the hose 208, and then the fertilizer can be discharged through the multiple horizontal shovel columns 204. The fertilizer delivery column 206 is discharged, thereby preventing the soil from clogging the fertilizer delivery column 206 while delivering the fertilizer. In the process of deep plowing and further delivering the soil using the deep plowing mechanism 200, the fertilizer is applied to the deep soil through multiple fertilizer delivery columns 206, and the screw 203 can be driven to rotate by the rotating block 205 as needed to adjust the height of the horizontal shovel column 204, so that the fertilizer application depth can be adjusted according to the different soils and plants, so that the fertilization improvement device can be used under a variety of soil conditions.

[0078] Example 2

[0079] like Figure 7-10As shown, in this embodiment, the surface fertilizing mechanism 300 includes: two fixed columns 301, both fixedly connected to the side wall of the fertilizer tank 210; two fixed roller plates 302, both fixedly connected to the ends of the fixed columns 301; two rotating rollers 303, rotatably connected between the two fixed roller plates 302; a second synchronous pulley 304 fixedly connected to the ends of the rotating rollers 303; a second transmission belt 305 connected between the second synchronous pulley 304 and the double-groove pulley 219; a conveyor belt 306 connected between the two rotating rollers 303; and a plurality of excavating half-cylinders 307, equidistantly fixedly connected to the surface of the conveyor belt 306. A mixing shaft 308 is rotatably connected to the excavating half-cylinder 307. A tooth column 309 is fixedly connected to the end of the mixing shaft 308. A rack plate 311 is meshedly connected to one side of the tooth column 309, and a vertical plate 310 is fixedly connected to one side of the rack plate 311. The bacterial fertilizer box 312 is fixedly connected to one side of the fertilizer box 210; three discharge cavity plates 313 are provided, which are fixedly connected to the bottom of the bacterial fertilizer box 312 at equal distances; multiple square blocks 314 are provided, which are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the discharge cavity plate 313 at equal distances; the comb plate 315 is slidably connected to the bottom of the discharge cavity plate 313; the sliding plate 316 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the comb plate 315; the inclined block 317 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding plate 316, and the inclined block 317 is slidably embedded in the vertical plate 310; two tension springs 318 are provided, which are symmetrically fixedly connected to the side walls of the sliding plate 316.

[0080] During specific implementation, the double-groove pulley 219 can synchronously drive the transmission belt 2 305 to roll, so that the other end of the transmission belt 2 305 can drive the synchronous pulley 2 304 and the rotating roller 303 to rotate, and then drive the conveyor belt 306 and the multiple excavation half-cylinders 307 on the outer wall to rotate in a circular manner. When the excavation half-cylinder 307 is at the bottom end of the conveyor belt 306, the surface soil can be excavated and scooped into the excavation half-cylinder 307. As the excavation half-cylinder 307 slides and rises along the surface of the vertical plate 310, the excavation half-cylinder 307 will slide and conflict with the inclined block 317, thereby driving the inclined block 317 and the sliding plate 316 to slide at the bottom of the discharge cavity plate 313, and the comb plate 315 can be driven by the sliding plate 316. The square blocks 314 are moved and separated, and the gaps between the square blocks 314 facilitate the discharge of fertilizers. Then, the bacterial agent and organic fertilizer in the bacterial fertilizer box 312 fall into the excavating half cylinder 307 through the discharge cavity plate 313. At the same time, due to the meshing rotation of the tooth column 309 and the rack plate 311, the mixing shaft 308 is driven to mix the bacterial agent with the organic fertilizer and the surface soil. When the excavating half cylinder 307 is turned over to the opening facing downward, the soil mixed with the bacterial agent can be sprinkled back on the soil surface, thereby facilitating the application of bacterial fertilizer to the surface soil. Moreover, the equipment can be used for stratified fertilization with the chemical fertilizer applied in the deep soil, and the two will not be mixed, thereby preventing the microorganisms in the bacterial fertilizer from losing their activity, thereby improving the soil improvement effect.

[0081] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0082] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A soil fertilization and improvement device, characterized in that: include: A loosening mechanism (100) is used to break up compacted soil on the ground surface. The loosening mechanism (100) includes a mounting frame (101), and the mounting frame (101) is fixedly connected to the tractor body; A deep tillage mechanism (200) is used for fertilizing deep soil, and the deep tillage mechanism (200) is fixedly arranged on one side of the mounting frame (101); A surface fertilizing mechanism (300) is used to apply bacterial fertilizer to the shallow soil. The surface fertilizing mechanism (300) is fixedly arranged on one side of the deep tillage mechanism (200); Deep-rooted institutions (200) include: Three positioning plates (201) are provided and fixedly connected to the side walls of the mounting frame (101) at equal distances; Three deep plowing columns (202) are provided and fixedly connected to the bottom end of the positioning plate (201) at equal distances; Three screw rods (203) are provided, all of which are rotatably connected to the inside of the deep plow column (202); Three transverse shovel columns (204) are provided, each of which is screw-connected to the screw rod (203) and is slidably embedded in the deep plow column (202); A rotating block (205) is fixedly connected to the top of the screw (203); Six fertilizer delivery columns (206) are provided and symmetrically fixedly connected to the side walls of the transverse shovel column (204); A fertilizer discharge pipe (207) is fixedly connected between the two transverse shovel columns (204) and communicates with the interior of the transverse shovel columns (204); The surface fertilization mechanism (300) comprises: Two fixed columns (301) are provided, both fixedly connected to the side wall of the fertilizer box (210); Two fixed roller plates (302) are provided and are both fixedly connected to the ends of the fixed columns (301); Two rotating rollers (303) are provided and are rotatably connected between the two ends of the two fixed roller plates (302); A second synchronous pulley (304) is fixedly sleeved on the end of the rotating roller (303); The second transmission belt (305) is sleeved between the second synchronous pulley (304) and the double-groove pulley (219); A conveyor belt (306) is sleeved between the two rotating rollers (303); A plurality of digging half cylinders (307) are provided and fixedly connected to the surface of the conveyor belt (306) at equal distances; A mixing shaft (308) is rotatably connected to the digging half-cylinder (307), a tooth column (309) is fixedly sleeved on the end of the mixing shaft (308), a rack plate (311) is meshedly connected to one side of the tooth column (309), and a vertical plate (310) is fixedly connected to one side of the rack plate (311); The surface fertilization mechanism (300) further includes: A bacterial fertilizer tank (312) is fixedly connected to one side of the fertilizer tank (210); Three discharge cavity plates (313) are provided and fixedly connected to the bottom of the bacterial fertilizer box (312) at equal distances; A plurality of square blocks (314) are provided and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the discharge cavity plate (313) at equal distances; A comb plate (315) is slidably connected to the bottom of the discharge cavity plate (313); A sliding plate (316) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the comb plate (315); The inclined surface block (317) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding plate (316), and the inclined surface block (317) is slidably embedded in the vertical plate (310); Two tension springs (318) are provided and are symmetrically fixedly connected to the side walls of the sliding plate (316).

2. A soil fertilization and improvement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loosening mechanism (100) comprises: A drive shaft (102) is rotatably connected to the mounting frame (101), and the drive shaft (102) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the diesel engine; A plurality of earth-breaking wheels (103) are provided and fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the drive shaft (102) at equal intervals; A synchronous pulley (105) is fixedly sleeved on the end of the drive shaft (102); One end of a transmission belt (106) is sleeved on a synchronous pulley (105).

3. The soil fertilization and improvement equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of soil-breaking rods (104) are spirally and fixedly connected at equal intervals to the outer wall of the driving shaft (102).

4. The soil fertilization and improvement equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the fertilizer discharge pipe (207) is fixedly connected to one end of a hose (208), the other end of the hose (208) is fixedly connected to a pressurizing box (209), and the top of the pressurizing box (209) is fixedly connected to a fertilizer box (210), which stores soil conditioner and fertilizer inside.

5. The soil fertilization and improvement equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: Deep-rooted institutions (200) include: A sealing ring (211) is fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the fertilizer tank (210); A closing cover (213) is slidably connected to the sealing ring (211); A lifting column (212) is slidably connected to the fertilizer box (210); A return spring (214) is sleeved on the outside of the lifting column (212) and fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the fertilizer box (210); The sliding hole column (215) conflicts with the bottom end of the lifting column (212); A sliding rod (216) is slidably sleeved in the sliding hole column (215); A turntable (217) is fixedly connected to the end of the sliding rod (216); A linkage column (218) is fixedly connected to the center of the turntable (217); A double-grooved pulley (219) is fixedly sleeved on the end of the linkage column (218), and the double-grooved pulley (219) is sleeved on the transmission belt 1 (106); The positioning arm (220) is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the linkage column (218) and fixedly connected to the bottom of the fertilizer box (210).

6. The soil fertilization and improvement equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: Deep-rooted institutions (200) include: A piston column (221) is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom of the sliding hole column (215); The cylinder (222) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the pressurizing box (209) and is slidably connected to the piston rod (221); The one-way valve (223) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the cylinder (222); and the air pipe (224) is fixedly connected between the cylinder (222) and the pressurizing box (209).

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