Method and device for creating otter habitat in alpine and gorge area

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wild animal habitat reconstruction, in particular to a method and a device for creating an otter habitat in a high mountain and valley area. According to the specific technical scheme, the method for building the habitat of the otter in the alpine and gorge area comprises the following steps that an artificial nest is dug in the outer environment where the otter is about to inhabit through a building device, the artificial nest comprises a hole opening, a hole channel, a nest, an expansion part, a hole channel and a hole opening which are sequentially communicated with one another, and the number of the nest and / or the expansion part is at least one; a nest model with the same shape as the artificial nest is placed in the artificial nest, and after placement is completed, an otter foraging environment is built near the artificial nest. According to artificial construction of the otter habitat in the alpine and gorge area, the otter habitat can be restored and reconstructed, and an excellent foraging place and an inhabiting nest are provided for otters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of wild animal habitat reconstruction, and in particular to a method and device for constructing an otter habitat in a high mountain canyon area. Background Art

[0002] Otters belong to the family Mustelidae, order Carnivora, class Mammalia. There are about 7 genera and 13 species in the world, and 3 genera and 3 species are distributed in China, including the Eurasian otter, the Asian small-clawed otter and the smooth-coated otter. Among them, the Eurasian otter has a wider distribution range and is divided into 5 geographical subspecies based on morphological characteristics and geographical distribution. Among them, the Tibetan subspecies and the Yunnan subspecies are mainly distributed in high mountain canyon areas. Otters are typical amphibious mammals. They are agile, have webbed toes, and are good at swimming and diving. Otters have high requirements for habitat quality and often choose areas with stable water flow, dense vegetation along the coast, abundant food, no pollution, and less human interference to build nests. Their food is mainly fish, and others include frogs, rodents and waterfowl.

[0003] Due to engineering activities such as hydropower stations and river management, the habitats of otters are often destroyed. Currently, the population of otters is low and their survival in the wild is often threatened. They have been listed as national second-level key protected wild animals. The high mountain valley area is one of the areas with the most intensive development of hydropower stations. The construction and water storage operations of hydropower stations have led to the destruction of otter nests and drastic changes in the foraging environment. Their suitable habitats will disappear due to the construction and operation of hydropower stations. Therefore, in this context, carrying out the construction of otter habitats and providing new suitable habitats for otters is a necessary method and way to protect this rare species of otters. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a method and device for creating an otter habitat in a high mountain canyon area, especially for the artificial creation of an otter habitat in a high mountain canyon area, which can restore and rebuild the otter habitat and provide an excellent foraging place and nesting place for the otters.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention discloses a method for constructing an otter habitat in a high mountain canyon area, comprising the following steps: digging an artificial nest in an external environment where the otter is to live by using a construction device, the artificial nest comprising a hole, a tunnel, a nest, an enlarged part, a tunnel and a hole that are sequentially interconnected, and the number of the nest and / or the enlarged part is at least one; placing a nest model with the same shape as the artificial nest in the artificial nest, and after the placement is completed, constructing a foraging environment for the otter near the artificial nest.

[0007] Preferably, the nest model is paved with dead branches and leaves of dominant herbaceous plants in the native habitat of the otter, with a thickness of 5 to 10 cm.

[0008] Preferably, the process of constructing the otter's foraging environment is: constructing a habitat for the otter's prey in the area near the artificial nest to create a foraging area for the otter.

[0009] Preferably, a foraging habitat for predators of 1 to 2 km is created horizontally along the flood line, and an upper and lower shore environment is built for otters to go into the water to hunt.

[0010] Correspondingly, a device for creating an otter habitat in a high mountain canyon area includes a drill barrel and a drill bit arranged at one end thereof, the drill bit and the rotating barrel are both provided with spiral blades, a size-adjustable secondary excavation mechanism is provided on the side wall of the connection between the drill barrel and the drill bit, the secondary excavation mechanism includes a positioning frame arranged on the outer wall of the drill barrel and along the circumference thereof, a plurality of positioning frames are provided, a retractable excavation head is arranged in the positioning frame, the other end of the excavation head is located in the drill barrel, and the excavation head is controlled to extend from the positioning frame by a telescopic member.

[0011] Preferably, a fixed cylinder is coaxially arranged in the drill cylinder, the side wall of the fixed cylinder is connected to the excavation head, a guide cylinder is coaxially arranged in the fixed cylinder, the telescopic member is arranged in the guide cylinder, a guide rope is connected to the excavation head, the guide rope is connected to a positioning plate, and the output end of the telescopic member is fixed to the positioning plate.

[0012] Preferably, the excavator head includes a fixed block fixed on the side wall of the fixed tube, the fixed block passes through the drill tube and extends into the positioning frame, a power frame is sleeved on the fixed block, one end of the power frame is located in the positioning frame, and a through hole is provided on the side wall of the positioning frame corresponding to the end face of the power frame, the through hole is adapted to the end face of the power frame, the end face of the power frame is provided with a bullet head facing the same direction, and the guide rope is connected to the power frame; the fixed block and the power frame are connected by a first spring, and in the initial state, the first spring is in a compressed state.

[0013] Preferably, a cylindrical groove with an opening toward the power frame is provided at the center of the fixed block, a telescopic rod is fixed in the cylindrical groove, the other end of the telescopic rod is fixed on the inner wall of the power frame, and the first spring is sleeved on the telescopic rod, and its two ends are respectively fixed in the cylindrical groove and on the inner wall of the power frame.

[0014] Preferably, the ends of the top and bottom surfaces of the power frame are respectively connected with guide plates, one end of the guide plate extends into the guide cylinder and is connected to the guide rope, the positioning plate is located above the guide cylinder, the other end of the guide rope is fixed to the positioning plate, and a plurality of guide rods are provided at the top end of the guide cylinder, and the guide rods pass through the positioning plate.

[0015] Preferably, a baffle is fixed on the circumference of the other end of the drill barrel through a bearing sleeve, a sleeve is fixed on the baffle, the sleeve is sleeved on the drill barrel, a mounting shell is fixed on the other end of the sleeve, a gear is fixed inside the mounting shell and sleeved on the drill barrel, the gear is driven by a motor, a handrail is fixed on the sleeve, and a support is connected to the sleeve through a hinged ball.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The present invention achieves protection for otters by artificially creating an otter habitat in a high mountain canyon area to provide them with an excellent foraging place and nests. During the construction of the entire habitat, a river bend or tributary with a small slope is selected, and a nest model is excavated and installed in combination with the local habitat or an artificial habitat environment. Then, a foraging habitat for the prey is built through a nearby river as a foraging area for the otter. Then, a long-term monitoring is carried out in combination with video to obtain the utilization rate of the artificial nest and foraging environment, and the habitat environment is optimized, ultimately achieving the restoration and reconstruction of the otter habitat and effective protection thereof.

[0018] 2. The present invention uses structures such as a drill tube and spiral blades to drill holes, dig out tunnels, expansions and nests, and the digging of the nests and expansions is achieved by a retractable digging head set on the side wall of the drill tube. A first spring is set in the digging head. In the initial state, the first spring is in a compressed state, and is controlled to maintain the compressed state by a guide rope and a telescopic member. Then, through the extension of the telescopic member, under the action of the first spring, the power frame on the digging head extends until it extends out of the spiral blades, thereby drilling out the nest and expansion on the side wall of the borehole. Then, the nest model is directly placed in the boreholes at both ends to realize the construction of the otter's nest. The whole process is simple and convenient, and the environmental requirements are not high. Compared with the method of directly digging a pit to bury the nest model, it has less impact on the surrounding vegetation, and there is no need to dig a deep pit to bury the nest model. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a cross-section of an otter cave;

[0020] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the device for the present invention is provided;

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Partial cross-sectional view of the drill tube on the foundation (with dotted lines as nodes);

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Middle AA view;

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Middle A is a partial enlarged view;

[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Middle BB view;

[0025] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the gear, the motor and the drill tube (only the connection of these three components is shown, and the rest of the structure is omitted);

[0026] Figure 8 Another diagram of the arrangement of the spiral blades on the drill tube;

[0027] In the figure: drill tube 1, drill bit 2, spiral blade 3, positioning frame 4, telescopic member 5, fixed tube 6, guide tube 7, guide rope 8, positioning plate 9, fixed block 10, power frame 11, through hole 12, bullet head 13, first spring 14, cylindrical groove 15, telescopic rod 16, guide sheet 17, guide rod 18, bearing 19, baffle 20, sleeve 21, mounting shell 22, gear 23, motor 24, handrail 25, hinged ball 26, support 27, slider 28, positioning column 29, second spring 30, arc plate 31, limit groove 32, roller 33, hole 34, tunnel 35, expansion part 36, nest 37. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the embodiments are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.

[0030] 1. The present invention discloses a method for creating an otter habitat in a high mountain canyon area, comprising the following steps: digging an artificial nest in the external environment where the otter is to live by using a construction device, referring to Figure 1 As shown, the artificial nest includes a hole 34, a tunnel 35, a nest 37, an expansion part 36, a tunnel 35 and a hole 34 which are interconnected in sequence, and the overall shape is V-shaped. The number of the nest and / or expansion part is at least one, and the underground space can be increased by setting up multiple nests; a nest model with the same shape is placed in the artificial nest, and after the placement is completed, an otter foraging environment is built near the artificial nest. The dead branches and leaves of dominant herbaceous plants in the native habitat of the otter are laid in the nest model, and the laying thickness is 5 to 10 cm.

[0031] Furthermore, the process of constructing the otter's foraging environment is as follows: in the area near the artificial nest, a habitat for the otter's prey is constructed to create a foraging area for the otter, that is, a 1-2 km foraging habitat for the prey is created horizontally along the flood line, and an upper and lower shore environment is constructed for the otter to go into the water to hunt.

[0032] The specific process of creating an otter habitat is as follows:

[0033] (1) Habitat location selection. Before the hydropower station is flooded, select an area with a slope of less than 10° in the area of ​​the annual water level and the highest water level in the main stream or tributary of the river, with dense vegetation and a certain amount of large rocks around it, as the specific construction site for the artificial habitat of otters, with an area of ​​at least 100 square meters.

[0034] (2) Construction of the environment outside the habitat. There are two methods for the construction of the environment outside the habitat: Method 1: Artificial construction, using the method of simulating the species composition and community structure characteristics of natural communities to create an environment outside the otter habitat, selecting dominant species on both sides of the river valley in the alpine canyon area, such as Sichuan rose, white thorn flower, water cypress branch, silky rose, gray hair, Chinese mountain polygonum, trifoliate polygonum, selaginella, twisted yellow grass, and head flower elsholtzia, etc., and planting vegetation in the external environment according to the specifications of shrubs: 300 plants / mu, and herbaceous coverage of 30%. The plants used can be directly purchased or obtained from the hydropower station project area. After planting, they are carefully maintained to ensure that the survival rate of artificially planted vegetation reaches more than 85%. Method 2: If the existing vegetation is good, directly use the habitat.

[0035] (3) Installation and construction of artificial otter nests. Artificial otter nests consist of four parts: the entrance, tunnel, expansion and nest. The entrance is an irregular circle with a diameter of 30cm×25cm; the tunnel gradually expands with a diameter of 30cm×(26~30)cm and a length of 30~40cm; the expansion has a diameter of 54cm×50cm, irregularly curved, and a length of about 20~30cm; the nest is 1×0.6×0.8m and is disc-shaped. The entire nest is open at both ends, with the entrance on one side connected to the tunnel, the tunnel connected to the expansion, the expansion connected to the nest, and the nest connected to the expansion and the tunnel on the other side.

[0036] After the artificial nest is directly printed into a mold (nest model) using 3D printing technology, the dead branches and leaves of dominant herbaceous plants in the native habitat of otters, such as Imperata serrata, Polygonum chinense, and Polygonum aviculare, are used to pave the inside of the nest, with a thickness of about 5 to 10 cm. The nest model is divided into two parts, with the lowest point as the dividing point, or the lowest nest as the dividing point, and inserted into the artificial nest through the holes at both ends. After completion, the soil layer above the nest model is patted to make the broken soil fall and cover the nest model.

[0037] Compared with the prior art: when installing the nest, a 50-80cm deep pit is dug and filled with soil and rocks, leaving the holes at both ends exposed, and plants such as two-headed hair and Chinese mountain polygonum are planted around to cover the artificial nest. The construction device disclosed in the present invention can better adapt to the environment. For places where it is impossible to dig a pit or it is inconvenient to dig a pit, a drilling method is used, combined with a secondary excavation mechanism provided thereon, to achieve successful drilling and to excavate the expanded part and the nest in a targeted manner, while controlling the size of the expanded part and the nest as needed. When using the construction device, generally one side is dug first, and then the other side. The excavated aperture is based on the guarantee that the nest model can be successfully placed therein.

[0038] (4) Construction of foraging environment for otters. The construction of foraging areas for otters is mainly aimed at the construction of habitats and foraging scenes for their main prey, the schizothorax. In the area near the otter's nest, a 1-2 km schizothorax foraging habitat is briefly created along the horizontal direction of the flood line, thereby creating a foraging area for otters. Specifically, it includes artificially creating an irregular riverbed with a length of 1-2 km, a natural revetment with a 0-5° angle in the direction of the river, and laying gravel, rocks and a small amount of silt and other bottom materials on the bottom of the riverbed to create a riverbed matrix for schizothorax. Rock piles are laid at intervals of 100 m on the shore, with a height of about 0.3 m and an area of ​​0.5-1 square meters. Rocks are laid around to create a buffer zone to create an environment for otters to go up and down the shore for hunting. Through the above construction measures, a near-natural environment for otters to forage is built. Depending on the quality of the food, schizothorax can be artificially released when necessary.

[0039] (5) Monitoring the utilization efficiency of artificially constructed habitats. Install infrared cameras in the foraging areas and near the nests of the artificially constructed habitats. The camera ports are aimed at the entrances and upper and lower points of the artificial nests. The monitoring lasts for one year to evaluate the utilization rate of the artificial nests and foraging environments.

[0040] (6) Optimize and adjust the artificial habitat environment. By analyzing the terrain location, plant composition, rock pile shape, etc. of its effective utilization scenario, the parameters of unused areas are optimized and adjusted.

[0041] refer to Figure 2-Figure 7 The present invention discloses a device for creating an otter habitat in a high mountain valley area, which realizes the construction of an artificial nest by drilling holes. Compared with the direct pit digging and landfilling in the prior art, the construction device disclosed in the present invention has a wider application range and lower requirements on the location.

[0042] The construction device disclosed in the present invention comprises a drill tube 1 and a drill bit 2 arranged at one end thereof, the drill bit is conical and fixed at one end of the drill tube. The drill bit 2 and the rotary tube are both provided with spiral blades 3. In order to set up a secondary excavation mechanism, the drill bit and the spiral blades on the drill tube are not connected but disconnected, and the disconnection distance is adapted to the height of the secondary excavation mechanism.

[0043] Specifically: A size-adjustable secondary excavation mechanism is arranged on the side wall of the connection between the drill barrel 1 and the drill bit 2, and the secondary excavation mechanism includes a positioning frame 4 arranged on the outer wall of the drill barrel 1 and along its circumference, the positioning frame is communicated with the drill barrel, and there are multiple positioning frames 4 located on the same horizontal plane. A retractable excavation head is arranged in the positioning frame 4, and the other end of the excavation head is located in the drill barrel 1, and the excavation head is controlled to extend from the positioning frame 4 by a telescopic member 5.

[0044] Furthermore, a fixed cylinder 6 is coaxially arranged at the inner bottom of the drill tube 1, and the side wall of the fixed cylinder 6 is connected to the excavating head. A guide cylinder 7 is coaxially arranged inside the fixed cylinder 6, and the telescopic member 5 is arranged inside the guide cylinder 7. A guide rope 8 is connected to the excavating head, and the guide rope 8 is connected to the positioning plate 9. The output end of the telescopic member 5 is fixed to the positioning plate 9. The telescopic member includes but is not limited to an electric push rod. By starting the telescopic member, the positioning plate is driven to move up and down, and then the guide rope is driven to move up and down, so as to control the size of the excavating head extending out of the positioning frame. In order to excavate the expansion part and the nest by the secondary excavation device, the size of the excavating head extending out of the positioning frame must exceed the edge of the spiral blade.

[0045] Specifically: the excavator head includes a fixed block 10 fixed on the side wall of the fixed tube 6, the fixed block 10 passes through the drill tube 1 and extends into the positioning frame 4, the fixed block 10 is sleeved with a power frame 11, one end of the power frame 11 is located in the positioning frame 4, the positioning frame 4 is provided with a through hole 12 on the side wall corresponding to the end face of the power frame 11, the through hole 12 is adapted to the end face of the power frame 11, the end of the power frame facing outward is located in the through hole, the end face of the power frame 11 is provided with a bullet head 13 facing the same direction, the number of bullet heads is set as needed, and the guide rope 8 is connected to the power frame 11; the fixed block 10 is connected to the power frame 11 through a first spring 14, in the initial state, the first spring 14 is in a compressed state, there is a certain distance between the positioning plate and the guide tube, the telescopic member controls the positioning plate to move downward, so that the power frame moves outward under the action of the first spring. The elastic force of the first spring determines the distance that the power frame extends outward, and the distance between the positioning plate and the guide tube determines the stroke of the telescopic member.

[0046] Furthermore, a cylindrical groove 15 with an opening toward the power frame 11 is provided at the center of the fixed block 10, a telescopic rod 16 is fixed in the cylindrical groove 15, the other end of the telescopic rod 16 is fixed to the inner wall of the power frame 11, and the first spring 14 is sleeved on the telescopic rod 16, and its two ends are respectively fixed in the cylindrical groove 15 and on the inner wall of the power frame 11. It should be noted that the positions where the two ends of the first spring are fixed are the same as those of the telescopic rod, and the telescopic rod is a sleeve-type telescopic rod, which is intended to increase the connection strength between the fixed block and the power frame.

[0047] Furthermore, the two sides of the power frame are inclined, refer to Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the open end of the power frame is adapted to the fixed block, the friction between the power frame port and the fixed block is increased, and the power frame is prevented from easily detaching from the fixed block. At the same time, in order to prevent the power frame from detaching from the fixed block, a limit groove 32 is provided on the side wall of the end of the fixed block extending into the positioning frame, and at the same time, an elastic block corresponding to the limit groove 32 is provided on the inner wall of the open end of the power frame. The elastic block can be embedded in the inner wall of the power frame and connected by a spring. When the power frame moves to the limit groove position, the elastic block extends into the limit groove, thereby preventing the power frame from detaching from the fixed block.

[0048] Furthermore, the ends of the top and bottom surfaces of the power frame 11 are respectively connected with guide pieces 17, which are arranged horizontally. One end of the guide piece 17 extends into the guide tube 7 and is connected to the guide rope 8. The arranged guide piece enables the power frame to perform linear motion better, and to a certain extent avoids the friction between the guide rope and the fixed tube when the guide rope is directly connected to the power frame, thereby causing uneven force on the upper and lower ends of the power frame, thereby affecting the extension of the power frame.

[0049] Furthermore, in order to further increase the stability of the power frame during movement, sliders 28 are provided on both side walls of the positioning frame 4, and the sides of the sliders are in contact with the two side surfaces of the power frame. At the same time, positioning grooves are provided on the two inner side walls of the positioning frame 4, and a second spring 30 is provided in the positioning groove. At the same time, positioning columns 29 extending into the positioning grooves are provided on the side walls of the slider 28. Under the action of the second spring, the slider is pressed against the side walls of the power frame.

[0050] Furthermore, the positioning plate 9 is located above the guide cylinder 7, and the other end of the guide rope 8 is fixed to the positioning plate 9. A plurality of guide rods 18 are provided at the top of the guide cylinder 7, and the guide rods 18 pass through the positioning plate 9. The setting of the guide rods allows the positioning plate to move straight up and down, thereby avoiding the guide plate from tilting when moving.

[0051] Furthermore, in order to prevent the guide rope from wearing out with the hole on the guide cylinder through which the guide rope passes, a roller 33 is provided in the hole, and the guide rope 8 extends into the guide cylinder 6 through the roller 33 and is connected to the positioning plate 9.

[0052] Furthermore, a baffle 20 is fixedly mounted on the other end of the drill tube 1 through a bearing 19, and a spiral blade is arranged on the drill tube and the drill bit between the baffle and the drill bit. The baffle prevents the soil generated by the drilling from piling up under the feet of people and other structures that affect the end of the drill tube to a certain extent. A sleeve 21 is fixed on the baffle 20, and the sleeve 21 is mounted on the drill tube 1, and the two are coaxially arranged. A mounting shell 22 is fixed on the other end of the sleeve 21, and a gear 23 is mounted and fixed inside the mounting shell 22 and on the drill tube 1. The gear 23 is driven by a motor 24. The mounting shell is mainly to protect the gear and the motor. A power gear is arranged at the output end of the motor and meshes with the gear to realize that the motor drives the gear and then drives the drill tube to rotate. A handrail 25 is fixed on the sleeve 21, and a support 27 is connected to the sleeve 21 through a hinge ball 26, that is, the sleeve and the support are connected through a hinge ball, so as to realize the adjustment of the inclination angle of the drill tube, and a bracket can be fixed at the bottom of the support as needed. The support can be U-shaped to support the drill tube. Depending on the length of the sleeve, multiple bearings can be provided as needed to stabilize the sleeve, mounting shell and baffle.

[0053] refer to Figure 8 As shown, there is another embodiment of the spiral blade of the present invention, wherein an arc plate 31 is provided on the drill tube between the baffle and the positioning frame, and there are two arc plates, which wrap the drill tube after being combined, and the arc plates are fixed to the drill tube by bolts, and the spiral blade is provided on the outer wall of the arc plate, and after the two arc plates are combined, the spiral blades thereon are also combined together. The spiral blade is provided to be detachable, and spiral blades of different widths can be replaced to achieve the purpose of adjusting the borehole diameter.

[0054] When using the present invention, after placing the support in the designated position, manually adjust the direction of the drill tube, start the motor, and start the drilling work. When the depth or length of the borehole reaches the requirement, turn off the motor, start the telescopic part, and control the stroke of the telescopic part to control the length of the power frame extending out of the positioning frame. After adjustment, start the motor again, the drill tube rotates with the power frame, and the power frame and the bullet head thereon further excavate the borehole to expand the diameter of the hole, thereby realizing the excavation of the nest and the expansion part. After the excavation is completed, start the telescopic part and control the power frame to reset; if multiple expansion parts or nests need to be excavated, after the power frame is reset, drill the drill tube downward for a certain distance, or extend it into the borehole for a certain distance, and use the above operation to perform the operation. In the whole process, according to the requirements, after the borehole is drilled to the specified depth or length, the expansion part and the nest can be drilled at different positions of the borehole. The diameter of the nest and the expansion part is determined by the length of the power frame extending out of the positioning frame. Alternatively, during the drilling process, after reaching the designated position, drill the expansion part, and after drilling the expansion part, continue drilling downwards. However, there is a possibility that the soil generated when drilling continues will bury the drilled expansion part. The specific operation sequence can be adjusted according to actual needs. After the drilling is completed, the nest model is placed into the drilled hole from the holes at both ends. After the nest model is completely placed, it is docked at the lowest point to complete the placement of the nest model. After placement is completed, tamp the soil to make the soil compact and fix the nest model.

[0055] It should be noted that when the device disclosed in the present invention digs the nest and the bulge, the initial state is a ring around the drill hole, and it does not dig out the nest and the bulge at one time. Figure 1 As shown, when placing the nest model, it is only necessary to ensure that the excavated nest and the expanded part correspond to the corresponding nest and expanded part on the nest model, which is equivalent to ensuring that the expanded part and the nest on the nest model can fall into the nest and expanded part in the drilled hole.

[0056] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0057] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for creating an otter habitat in a high mountain canyon area, characterized by: The following steps are involved: An artificial nest is dug in the external environment where the otter is to live by means of a construction device, wherein the artificial nest includes a hole, a tunnel, a nest, an enlarged part, a tunnel and a hole that are sequentially interconnected, and the number of the nest and / or the enlarged part is at least one; a nest model of the same shape as the artificial nest is placed in the artificial nest, and after the placement is completed, a foraging environment for the otter is built near the artificial nest.

2. A method for creating an otter habitat in a high mountain canyon area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nest model is paved with dead branches and leaves of dominant herbaceous plants in the native habitat of the otter, with a thickness of 5 to 10 cm.

3. A method for creating an otter habitat in a high mountain canyon area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of constructing the otter's foraging environment is as follows: in the area near the artificial nest, a habitat for the otter's prey is constructed to create a foraging area for the otter.

4. A method for creating an otter habitat in a high mountain canyon area according to claim 3, characterized in that: A 1-2 km long foraging habitat for predators is created horizontally along the flood line, and an upper and lower shore environment is built for otters to go into the water to hunt.

5. A construction device used in the method for constructing an otter habitat in a high mountain canyon area according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising a drill tube (1) and a drill bit (2) arranged at one end thereof, characterized in that: The drill bit (2) and the rotary drum are both provided with spiral blades (3), and a size-adjustable secondary excavation mechanism is provided on the side wall of the connection between the drill drum (1) and the drill bit (2), and the secondary excavation mechanism comprises a positioning frame (4) arranged on the outer wall of the drill drum (1) and arranged along the circumference thereof, and a plurality of positioning frames (4) are provided, and a retractable excavation head is arranged in the positioning frame (4), the other end of the excavation head is located in the drill drum (1), and the excavation head is controlled to extend from the positioning frame (4) by a retractable member (5).

6. The device for creating an otter habitat in a high mountain canyon area according to claim 5, characterized in that: A fixed cylinder (6) is coaxially arranged inside the drill cylinder (1), the side wall of the fixed cylinder (6) is connected to the excavating head, a guide cylinder (7) is coaxially arranged inside the fixed cylinder (6), the telescopic member (5) is arranged inside the guide cylinder (7), the excavating head is connected to a guide rope (8), the guide rope (8) is connected to a positioning plate (9), and the output end of the telescopic member (5) is fixed to the positioning plate (9).

7. The device for creating an otter habitat in a high mountain valley area according to claim 6, characterized in that: The excavator head comprises a fixed block (10) fixed on the side wall of the fixed tube (6), the fixed block (10) passes through the drill tube (1) and extends into the positioning frame (4), a power frame (11) is sleeved on the fixed block (10), one end of the power frame (11) is located in the positioning frame (4), a through hole (12) is provided on the side wall of the positioning frame (4) corresponding to the end face of the power frame (11), the through hole (12) is adapted to the end face of the power frame (11), the end face of the power frame (11) is provided with a bullet head (13) facing the same direction, and the guide rope (8) is connected to the power frame (11); the fixed block (10) and the power frame (11) are connected via a first spring (14), and in the initial state, the first spring (14) is in a compressed state.

8. The device for creating an otter habitat in a high mountain valley area according to claim 5, characterized in that: A cylindrical groove (15) opening toward the power frame (11) is provided at the center of the fixed block (10); a telescopic rod (16) is fixed in the cylindrical groove (15); the other end of the telescopic rod (16) is fixed on the inner wall of the power frame (11); the first spring (14) is sleeved on the telescopic rod (16); and the two ends of the first spring (14) are respectively fixed in the cylindrical groove (15) and on the inner wall of the power frame (11).

9. The device for creating an otter habitat in a high mountain valley area according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ends of the top and bottom surfaces of the power frame (11) are respectively connected with guide plates (17), one end of the guide plate (17) extends into the guide cylinder (7) and is connected to the guide rope (8), the positioning plate (9) is located above the guide cylinder (7), the other end of the guide rope (8) is fixed to the positioning plate (9), and a plurality of guide rods (18) are arranged at the top end of the guide cylinder (7), and the guide rods (18) pass through the positioning plate (9).

10. The device for creating an otter habitat in a high mountain valley area according to any one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that: A baffle (20) is sleeved and fixed on the circumference of the other end of the drill tube (1) through a bearing (19), a sleeve (21) is fixed on the baffle (20), the sleeve (21) is sleeved on the drill tube (1), a mounting shell (22) is fixed on the other end of the sleeve (21), a gear (23) is sleeved and fixed inside the mounting shell (22) and on the drill tube (1), the gear (23) is driven by a motor (24), a handrail (25) is fixed on the sleeve (21), and a support (27) is connected to the sleeve (21) through a hinge ball (26).

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