A casting spinning process and spinning die based on insert aluminum alloy wheel

Abstract

The present invention provides a casting spinning process and spinning mold based on an insert aluminum alloy wheel, which belongs to the field of metal pressing and forming technology, and includes the following steps: the wheel blank is buckled between the upper die and the lower die and heated as a whole; the first heat source is used to continuously heat the end of the rim close to the spoke, and the second heat source is used to heat the spinning area of ​​the rim and move synchronously with the spinning wheel; the upper die gradually moves downward and squeezes the spokes of the wheel blank, and the second heat source completes multiple spinning operations in sequence from top to bottom along the axial direction with the spinning wheel; the first heat source is used for heat preservation; the upper cooling water channel and the lower cooling water channel cool the spokes at the same time; the insert profiling block is inserted into the gap hole and quenched; the wheel blank is rough-machined and fine-machined. The casting spinning process based on the insert aluminum alloy wheel provided by the present invention ensures that the dimensional accuracy of the gap hole meets the requirements, and no later shaping treatment is required, which reduces the workload and improves the efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of metal pressing and forming, and more specifically, relates to a casting spinning process and a spinning die based on an insert aluminum alloy wheel. Background Art

[0002] Wheel inserts generally refer to decorative or functional components installed on wheels. These components can include hubcaps, wheel rim trims, or dust covers. They not only enhance the appearance of the vehicle, but also provide certain protection, such as preventing dust and dirt from entering the inside of the wheel hub.

[0003] During the wheel forming process, it is necessary to monitor the deformation of the wheel, especially the key dimensions of the wheel, such as the rim thickness and outer diameter, the spoke outer diameter, and the coaxiality and inner diameter of the center hole. The above dimensions are related to the installation of the wheel itself and the installation of the wheel with other mating parts. For conventional wheels, the clearance holes on the spokes are not critical dimensions, and the size changes of the clearance holes are not deliberately monitored during wheel forming. However, for wheels that need to be installed with inserts, the inserts need to be assembled using the clearance holes on the spokes, and then fixed with the help of clips or fasteners. If the clearance holes are deformed significantly, it will affect the later installation of the inserts on the wheel, and the clearance holes after forming need to be reshaped, which not only increases the workload and reduces efficiency, but in severe cases may even cause the entire wheel to be scrapped. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a casting spinning process based on an insert aluminum alloy wheel, aiming to solve the problem that deformation of the clearance hole of the wheel spoke makes it difficult to install the insert, and the subsequent shaping process increases the workload and reduces the efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: to provide a casting spinning process based on an insert aluminum alloy wheel, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1: The wheel blank is buckled with the lower die, the upper die is clamped and pressed against the wheel blank, and the upper die continuously applies downward pressure to heat the upper die, the lower die and the wheel blank as a whole to 300℃~350℃;

[0007] S2: The spinning machine drives the wheel blank to rotate, and uses the first heat source with a temperature of 350℃ to 400℃ to continuously heat the end of the rim close to the spoke, and uses the second heat source to heat the spinning area of ​​the rim and move synchronously with the spinning wheel;

[0008] S3: During the spinning process of the wheel blank, the upper die gradually moves downward and squeezes the spokes of the wheel blank. At the same time, the second heat source follows the spinning wheel to complete multiple spinning operations from top to bottom in sequence along the axial direction;

[0009] S4: Stop the spinning operation of the spinning wheel and remove the second heat source, lower the temperature of the first heat source to 200° C. and keep it warm for more than 2 hours in the mold closing state;

[0010] S5: removing the first heat source, introducing coolant into an upper cooling water channel built into the upper mold and close to the lower end surface, and into a lower cooling water channel built into the lower mold and close to the upper end surface, so that the upper cooling water channel and the lower cooling water channel cool the spokes simultaneously;

[0011] S6: the wheel blank is cooled to room temperature, the upper die is moved upward to open the die, the spun wheel blank is removed from the lower die by using an ejection mechanism, an insert profiling block is inserted into the clearance hole of the wheel spoke of the spun wheel blank, and the whole is quenched;

[0012] S7: After quenching, remove the insert profiling block and perform rough machining and fine machining on the wheel blank.

[0013] In a possible implementation, in step S1, the spoke thickness of the wheel blank is set to D0, and the spoke thickness of the finished wheel is set to D1;

[0014] When the upper die is initially clamped to press the wheel blank, the thickness of the forming cavity of the spoke formed by the upper die and the lower die is D2, where D2=D0;

[0015] When the upper die continuously applies pressure to the wheel blank, the molding cavity thickness of the spoke formed by the upper die and the lower die is ΔD, where (1+a)×D1≤ΔD≤D0, and a is the axial heat shrinkage rate of the wheel, which is 0.8% to 0.9%.

[0016] In one possible implementation, in step S1, when the upper mold, the lower mold and the wheel blank are heated as a whole, the wheel is rotated under the clamping of the upper mold and the lower mold, and is heated by a first spray gun that is moved along the axial direction of the wheel blank and on one side of the wheel blank. The first spray gun is inclined at an angle greater than or equal to 45° to the axial direction of the wheel blank. When the first spray gun moves to the spoke position of the wheel blank, the first spray gun switches the inclination direction once.

[0017] In a possible implementation, in step S2, the first heat source is a ring-shaped heating resistor, the ring-shaped heating resistor is arranged around the outer circumference of the spoke, and the distance between the inner wall of the heating resistor and the edge of the spoke is d1;

[0018] The second heat source uses a second spray gun, and the flame spray end of the second spray gun is arranged to be tilted upward. The angle between the axial direction of the second spray gun and the axial direction of the wheel blank is e, where 30°≤e≤60°, and the distance between the flame spray end of the second spray gun and the edge of the spoke is d2, where d2≤d1 / 2.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the area of ​​the rim covered by the flame sprayed by the second spray gun is the flame coverage area, and the flame coverage area includes a flame insulation zone, a flame heating zone and a flame preheating zone from top to bottom along the axial direction of the rim. The length of the flame insulation zone along the axial direction of the rim is L1, the length of the flame heating zone along the axial direction of the rim is L2, and the length of the flame preheating zone along the axial direction of the rim is L3, wherein L2>L3>L1; the length of the spinning zone along the axial direction of the rim is L0, and the spinning zone is located in the middle area of ​​the flame heating zone, wherein 1 / 2×L0≤L2≤2 / 3×L0.

[0020] In a possible implementation, in step S3, the moving speed of the upper die for extruding the wheel blank downward is a constant value v, and the spinning wheel performs n spinning operations from top to bottom. The times of the n spinning operations are t1, t2...tn, respectively, wherein v=(D0-D1) / [t1+t2+...+t(nm)], the value of n is greater than or equal to 5, and the value of m is 1 or 2.

[0021] In a possible implementation, in step S5, the upper cooling water channel includes an outer upper annular water channel, a middle upper annular water channel and an inner upper annular water channel coaxially spaced from the outside to the inside, the flow cross section of the outer upper water channel is S1, the flow cross section of the middle upper annular water channel is S2, and the flow cross section of the inner upper annular water channel is S3, wherein S1>S3>S2;

[0022] The lower cooling water channel includes an outer lower annular water channel, a middle lower annular water channel and an inner lower annular water channel coaxially spaced from outside to inside, the flow cross section of the outer lower water channel is s1, the flow cross section of the middle lower annular water channel is s2, and the flow cross section of the inner lower annular water channel is s3, wherein s1>s3>s2.

[0023] In a possible implementation, in step S6, the material used for the insert profiling block is nickel alloy.

[0024] In a possible implementation, in step S6, before quenching the aluminum alloy wheel, the wheel blank is subjected to a solution treatment at a temperature of 520 to 550°C for 2 to 4 hours. After the solution treatment, the wheel blank is quenched in water at an initial temperature of 40 to 70°C. The wheel blank is taken out of the water after 30 minutes and then subjected to an aging treatment at an aging temperature of 180 to 220°C for 6 hours.

[0025] The beneficial effect of the casting spinning process based on the insert aluminum alloy wheel provided by the present invention is that: compared with the prior art, during the mold closing process, the wheel blank is pressed between the upper mold and the lower mold and preheated to 300-350°C; the first heat source always heats the spoke area, the second heat source cooperates with the spinning wheel to synchronously spin the wheel blank, and during the spinning process of the wheel blank, the upper mold gradually moves downward and squeezes the spoke of the wheel blank, and at the same time, the second heat source completes multiple spinning operations in sequence from top to bottom along the axial direction with the spinning wheel. Under the action of the first heat source, the spoke is always in a high temperature state, the upper mold continuously squeezes the spoke to form, the spoke will extend outward under the extrusion state, and then the outer circumference of the spoke is flattened and conformed to the rim by multiple spinning operations from top to bottom of the spinning wheel. In this process, the molding cavity of the spoke between the upper mold and the lower mold is extruded and formed under high temperature to ensure the dimensional accuracy of the clearance hole on the spoke. After the spinning operation is completed, the first heat source is used to keep the spoke area warm, so as to refine the grains in the spoke area and improve the density of the organization, eliminate internal stress and reduce the tendency of deformation, which can further improve the dimensional accuracy of the spoke clearance hole; then the upper cooling water channel and the lower cooling water channel are used to cool down and preliminarily shape the clearance hole of the spoke. Finally, the insert profiling block is inserted into the clearance hole and heat treated together with the wheel blank to complete the final shaping of the clearance hole of the spoke, ensuring that the dimensional accuracy of the clearance hole meets the requirements, without the need for subsequent shaping treatment, reducing the workload and improving efficiency.

[0026] The present invention also provides a spinning die, which is applied to the casting spinning process based on the insert aluminum alloy wheel.

[0027] The beneficial effect of the spinning mold provided by the present invention is that, compared with the prior art, since the spinning mold is applied to the above-mentioned casting spinning process based on the insert aluminum alloy wheel, it has the same beneficial effect as the above-mentioned casting spinning process based on the insert aluminum alloy wheel, and can ensure that the dimensional accuracy of the clearance holes of the spokes on the wheel meets the requirements, without the need for subsequent shaping treatment, thereby reducing workload and improving efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a casting spinning process based on an insert aluminum alloy wheel in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2It is a structural schematic diagram of using a first spray gun to heat the upper die, the lower die and the wheel blank in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of using a heating resistor and a second spray gun to heat a wheel blank in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of point M in the middle.

[0033] In the figure: 1. upper die; 2. lower die; 3. wheel blank; 4. first spray gun; 5. second spray gun; 51. flame insulation zone; 52. flame heating zone; 53. flame preheating zone; 6. heating resistor; 7. spinning wheel; 71. spinning zone; 8. upper cooling water channel; 81. outer upper annular water channel; 82. middle upper annular water channel; 83. inner upper annular water channel; 9. lower cooling water channel; 91. outer lower annular water channel; 92. middle lower annular water channel; 93. inner lower annular water channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0035] Unless explicitly defined otherwise, the use of terms such as "first," "second," or "third," etc., are intended to distinguish different objects rather than to describe a specific order.

[0036] Unless otherwise expressly defined, directional words such as the terms "center", "lateral", "longitudinal", "horizontal", "vertical", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "high", "low", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions and positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction, so they cannot be understood as limiting the specific scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] See also Figure 1 Now, a casting spinning process based on an insert aluminum alloy wheel provided by the present invention is described. The casting spinning process based on an insert aluminum alloy wheel comprises the following steps:

[0038] S1: The wheel blank 3 is buckled with the lower die 2, the upper die 1 is clamped and pressed against the wheel blank 3, and the upper die 1 continuously applies downward pressure to heat the upper die 1, the lower die 2 and the wheel blank 3 as a whole to 300°C to 350°C;

[0039] S2: The spinning machine drives the wheel blank 3 to rotate, and uses a first heat source with a temperature of 350°C to 400°C to continuously heat the end of the rim close to the spoke, and uses a second heat source to heat the spinning area 71 of the rim and move synchronously with the spinning wheel 7;

[0040] S3: During the spinning process of the wheel blank 3, the upper die 1 gradually moves downward and squeezes the spokes of the wheel blank 3. At the same time, the second heat source follows the spinning wheel 7 to complete multiple spinning operations in sequence from top to bottom along the axial direction;

[0041] S4: Stop the spinning operation of the spinning wheel 7 and remove the second heat source, lower the temperature of the first heat source to 200° C. and keep it warm for more than 2 hours in the mold closing state;

[0042] S5: removing the first heat source, and introducing cooling liquid into the upper cooling water channel 8 built into the upper mold 1 and close to the lower end surface, and into the lower cooling water channel 9 built into the lower mold 2 and close to the upper end surface, so that the upper cooling water channel 8 and the lower cooling water channel 9 cool the spokes simultaneously;

[0043] S6: the wheel blank 3 is cooled to room temperature, the upper die 1 is moved upward to open the die, the wheel blank 3 after spinning is removed from the lower die 2 by means of an ejection mechanism, an insert profiling block is inserted into the clearance hole of the wheel spoke of the wheel blank 3 after spinning, and the whole is quenched;

[0044] S7: After the quenching treatment, the insert profiling block is removed, and the wheel blank 3 is subjected to rough machining and fine machining.

[0045] The present invention provides a casting spinning process based on an insert aluminum alloy wheel. Compared with the prior art, during the mold closing process, the wheel blank 3 is pressed between the upper mold 1 and the lower mold 2 and preheated to 300-350°C; the first heat source always heats the spoke area, and the second heat source cooperates with the spinning wheel 7 to synchronously spin the wheel blank 3. During the spinning process of the wheel blank 3, the upper mold 1 gradually moves downward and squeezes the spokes of the wheel blank 3. At the same time, the second heat source completes multiple spinning operations in sequence from top to bottom along the axial direction with the spinning wheel 7. Under the action of the first heat source, the spoke is always in a high temperature state, the upper mold 1 continuously squeezes the spoke to form, and the spoke will extend outward in the extruded state. Then, the outer circumference of the spoke is flattened and conformed to the rim by multiple spinning operations from top to bottom of the spinning wheel 7. In this process, the spoke is extruded and formed in the molding cavity between the upper mold 1 and the lower mold 2 under a high temperature state to ensure the dimensional accuracy of the clearance hole on the spoke. After the spinning operation is completed, the first heat source is used to keep the spoke area warm, so as to refine the grains in the spoke area and improve the density of the organization, eliminate internal stress and reduce the tendency of deformation, and further improve the dimensional accuracy of the spoke clearance hole; then the upper cooling water channel 8 and the lower cooling water channel 9 are used to cool down and preliminarily shape the clearance hole of the spoke. Finally, the insert profiling block is inserted into the clearance hole and heat treated together with the wheel blank 3 to complete the final shaping of the clearance hole of the spoke, ensuring that the dimensional accuracy of the clearance hole meets the requirements, without the need for subsequent shaping treatment, reducing the workload and improving efficiency.

[0046] In step S1, the spoke thickness of the wheel blank 3 is set to D0, and the spoke thickness of the finished wheel is set to D1; when the upper mold 1 is initially clamped to press the wheel blank 3, the molding cavity thickness of the spoke formed by the upper mold 1 and the lower mold 2 is D2, wherein D2=D0; when the upper mold 1 continues to apply pressure to the wheel blank 3, the molding cavity thickness of the spoke formed by the upper mold 1 and the lower mold 2 is ΔD, wherein (1+a)×D1≤ΔD≤D0, and a is the axial heat shrinkage rate of the wheel, which is 0.8% to 0.9%.

[0047] In this embodiment, the lower die 2 remains stationary, and the upper die 1 continues to apply pressure to the wheel. In addition, the upper die 1 continues to approach the lower die 2, thereby continuously squeezing the spokes of the wheel blank 3, so that the spokes are gradually formed to the spoke thickness of the finished wheel. The movement stroke of the upper die 1 needs to consider the heat shrinkage rate of the wheel. Since the movement direction of the upper die 1 is consistent with the axial direction of the wheel, only the heat shrinkage rate of the axial direction of the wheel needs to be considered. The material of this wheel is aluminum alloy, and its heat shrinkage rate is generally about 1%. However, since the structure at the spoke position is relatively complex, it is usually appropriately reduced by 0.1% to 0.2% when considering the heat shrinkage rate, and the final heat shrinkage rate is selected to be 0.8% to 0.9%.

[0048] See also Figure 2In step S1, when the upper mold 1, the lower mold 2 and the wheel blank 3 are heated as a whole, the wheel rotates under the clamping of the upper mold 1 and the lower mold 2, and is heated by the first spray gun 4 which is located on one side of the wheel blank 3 and moves axially along the wheel blank 3. The first spray gun 4 is tilted at an angle greater than or equal to 45° with the axial direction of the wheel blank 3. When the first spray gun 4 moves to the spoke position of the wheel blank 3, the first spray gun 4 switches its tilt direction once. As the first spray gun 4 moves axially on one side of the wheel blank 3, the flame sprayed by the first spray gun 4 directly acts on the rim, and as the wheel blank 3 rotates, the wheel is heated as a whole. The first spray gun 4 is tilted at an angle greater than or equal to 45°, which can prevent the flame of the first spray gun 4 from acting on the rim, and also increase the area heated by the first spray gun 4. After the first spray gun 4 moves to one end of the wheel blank 3, the first spray gun 4 flips symmetrically, so that the first spray gun 4 forms a heating method with two strokes of symmetrical tilt angles in the process of heating the wheel in one reciprocating motion, which can ensure uniform heating of the wheel blank 3. In addition, when the first spray gun 4 flips at the position of the wheel blank 3, due to the large thickness of the junction area between the wheel spoke and the rim, the flame of the first spray gun 4 can continuously heat the junction area between the rim and the wheel spoke, ensuring uniform heating of the entire wheel blank 3.

[0049] See also Figure 3 In step S2, the first heat source uses a ring-shaped heating resistor 6, which is arranged around the outer periphery of the wheel spoke. The ring-shaped heating resistor 6 is composed of a plurality of spaced long strip or arc-shaped heating resistors 6, and each heating resistor 6 is at the same distance from the edge of the wheel spoke. The plurality of heating resistors 6 can form a stable and continuous heating effect on the spoke edge of the wheel blank 3. Specifically, the distance between the inner wall of the heating resistor 6 and the edge of the wheel spoke is d1. The second heat source uses a second spray gun 5, and the flame spray end of the second spray gun 5 is arranged upwardly tilted. The angle between the axial direction of the second spray gun 5 and the axial direction of the wheel blank 3 is e, wherein 30°≤e≤60°, which can avoid the flame of the second spray gun 5 from being concentrated on the rim, and can also increase the area heated by the second spray gun 5. Specifically, the distance between the flame spraying end of the second spray gun 5 and the edge of the spoke is d2, wherein d2≤d1 / 2, that is, the distance between the heating resistor 6 and the wheel blank 3 is much larger than the distance between the flame spraying end of the second spray gun 5 and the edge of the spoke. When the flame sprayed from the second spray gun 5 tilted upward is between the heating resistor 6 and the wheel blank 3, the high temperature of the flame is prevented from affecting the heating resistor 6, and the heating resistor 6 can be effectively protected. At the same time, in order to avoid the spinning wheel 7 and the second spray gun 5, when the spinning wheel 7 and the second spray gun 5 move to one end of the spoke of the wheel blank 3, multiple heating resistors 6 move away from the wheel blank 3, that is, move outward along the radial direction of the wheel blank 3, or multiple heating resistors 6 move upward at the same time, so as to achieve the purpose of avoiding the spinning wheel 7 and the second spray gun 5.

[0050] See also Figure 4 The area where the flame sprayed by the second spray gun 5 covers the rim is the flame coverage area. The flame coverage area has a flame insulation area 51, a flame heating area 52 and a flame preheating area 53 from top to bottom along the axial direction of the rim. The flame insulation area 51 has a length of L1 along the axial direction of the rim, the flame heating area 52 has a length of L2 along the axial direction of the rim, and the flame preheating area 53 has a length of L3 along the axial direction of the rim, wherein L2>L3>L1; the length of the spinning area 71 along the axial direction of the rim is L0, and the spinning area 71 is located in the middle area of ​​the flame heating area 52, wherein 1 / 2×L0≤L2≤2 / 3×L0. The spinning area 71 is located in the middle area of ​​the flame heating area 52, and the width area of ​​the spinning wheel 7 pressing the rim is the spinning area 71. The flame heating area 52 can completely cover the spinning area 71, which is more conducive to the spinning forming of the rim area. The inclination direction of the second spray gun 5 is the same as the moving direction of the second spray gun 5, so that a continuous flame insulation zone 51, a flame heating zone 52 and a flame preheating zone 53 are formed in sequence from back to front on the moving path of the second spray gun 5. The flame preheating zone 53 is located at the front side of the spinning zone 71, and can preheat the area of ​​the rim to be spun, which is convenient for the spinning of the rim. The flame insulation zone 51 is located at the rear side of the spinning zone 71, and can keep the area of ​​the rim that has been spun warm, and can effectively release the internal stress of the spinning zone 71.

[0051] In step S3, the upper die 1 moves downward to extrude the wheel blank 3 at a constant speed v, and the spinning wheel 7 performs n spinning operations from top to bottom, and the time of the n spinning operations is t1, t2...tn, respectively, wherein v=(D0-D1) / [t1+t2+...+t(nm)], the value of n is greater than or equal to 5, and the value of m is 1 or 2. Specifically, the number of wheel spinning is not less than 5 times, and in the process of the upper die 1 moving downward, the wheel needs to undergo multiple spinning operations. After the upper die 1 moves into place, the wheel needs to undergo one or two spinning operations to ensure the wheel rim structure. The upper die 1 moves downward at a constant speed, which can continuously suppress the spoke area and reduce the internal stress at the spoke position to ensure the stability of the shape of the gap hole.

[0052] See also Figure 3In step S5, the upper cooling water channel 8 includes an outer upper annular water channel 81, a middle upper annular water channel 82 and an inner upper annular water channel 83 which are coaxially spaced from the outside to the inside. The flow cross section of the outer upper water channel is S1, the flow cross section of the middle upper annular water channel 82 is S2, and the flow cross section of the inner upper annular water channel 83 is S3, wherein S1>S3>S2. The outer upper annular water channel 81 corresponds to the junction area of ​​the rim and the spoke, the middle upper annular water channel 82 corresponds to the area of ​​the spoke body, and the inner upper annular water channel 83 corresponds to the area of ​​the spoke center shaft hole. The thickness of the junction area of ​​the rim and the spoke, the thickness of the area of ​​the spoke center shaft hole and the thickness of the area of ​​the spoke body increase in sequence. The flow cross section of each annular water channel is defined according to the thickness of the area where the wheel is located corresponding to the annular water channel, so the above-mentioned S1>S3>S2 is defined. In addition, the number of the middle upper annular water channel 82 can be set according to the radial size of the spoke, and the multiple middle upper annular water channels 82 are coaxially arranged at intervals. Specifically, the outer upper annular water channel 81, the middle upper annular water channel 82 and the inner upper annular water channel 83 are respectively connected to the axial coolant inlet pipe and the coolant discharge pipe of the upper mold 1, and the coolant inlet pipe can introduce the coolant into the upper cooling water channel 8 at the same time, and the coolant discharge pipe then discharges the coolant after passing through the upper cooling water channel 8.

[0053] The lower cooling water channel 9 includes an outer lower annular water channel 91, a middle lower annular water channel 92 and an inner lower annular water channel 93 which are coaxially spaced from the outside to the inside. The flow cross section of the outer lower water channel is s1, the flow cross section of the middle lower annular water channel 92 is s2, and the flow cross section of the inner lower annular water channel 93 is s3, wherein s1>s3>s2. The arrangement of the lower cooling water channel 9 is the same as that of the upper cooling water channel 8, and will not be repeated here.

[0054] In step S6, the insert profiling block is made of nickel alloy. The thermal contraction change of nickel alloy material is smaller than that of aluminum alloy material. The insert profiling block made of nickel alloy can support the clearance hole of the wheel spoke during the wheel quenching process to maintain the shape of the clearance hole itself. In addition, the thermal conductivity of nickel alloy is lower than that of aluminum alloy. The wheel will cool down before the insert profiling block. During this process, the insert profiling block made of nickel alloy can maintain the temperature around the clearance hole for a certain period of time, thereby forming micro-annealing in the area near the clearance hole, which can further stabilize the shape of the clearance hole.

[0055] Before quenching the aluminum alloy wheel, the wheel blank 3 is subjected to solution treatment. During the solution treatment, the wheel blank 3 is placed on the heat treatment rack in sequence. Any two adjacent wheel blanks 3 need to have a certain gap, which is not less than half of the radial length of the wheel to avoid affecting the solution effect of the wheel. The solution treatment temperature is 520-550°C, and the insulation time is 2-4 hours. After the solution treatment, the wheel blank 3 is placed in water for quenching as a whole. During this process, the heat care rack and the wheel are immersed in water at the same time. Under normal circumstances, it is necessary to ensure that the wheel is quickly put into water within 30S after being taken out of the solution equipment. The initial temperature of the water is 40-70°C. It is taken out of the water after 30 minutes, and then the wheel blank 3 is subjected to aging treatment. The aging temperature is 180-220°C and the insulation time is 6 hours.

[0056] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a spinning mold. Since the spinning mold is applied to the above-mentioned casting spinning process based on the insert aluminum alloy wheel, it has the same beneficial effects as the above-mentioned casting spinning process based on the insert aluminum alloy wheel, and can ensure that the dimensional accuracy of the clearance holes of the spokes on the wheel meets the requirements, without the need for subsequent shaping treatment, thereby reducing workload and improving efficiency.

[0057] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A casting spinning process based on insert aluminum alloy wheels, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: The wheel blank (3) is buckled into the lower die (2), the upper die (1) is clamped to press the wheel blank (3), and the upper die (1) continuously applies downward pressure to heat the upper die (1), the lower die (2) and the wheel blank (3) as a whole to 300° C. to 350° C.; S2: the spinning machine drives the wheel blank (3) to rotate, and uses a first heat source with a temperature of 350° C. to 400° C. to continuously heat the end of the rim close to the spoke, and uses a second heat source to heat the spinning area (71) of the rim and move synchronously with the spinning wheel (7); The first heat source is a heating resistor (6) arranged in a ring shape. The heating resistor (6) arranged in a ring shape is arranged around the outer circumference of the spoke, and the distance between the inner wall of the heating resistor (6) and the edge of the spoke is d1; The second heat source is a second spray gun (5), the flame spray end of the second spray gun (5) is arranged to tilt upward, the angle between the axial direction of the second spray gun (5) and the axial direction of the wheel blank (3) is e, wherein 30°≤e≤60°, and the distance between the flame spray end of the second spray gun (5) and the edge of the wheel spoke is d2, wherein d2≤d1 / 2; The area of ​​the rim covered by the flame sprayed by the second spray gun (5) is the flame covered area. The flame covered area includes a flame heat preservation area (51), a flame heating area (52) and a flame preheating area (53) in order from top to bottom along the axial direction of the rim. The flame heat preservation area (51) has a length L1 along the axial direction of the rim, the flame heating area (52) has a length L2 along the axial direction of the rim, and the flame preheating area (53) has a length L3 along the axial direction of the rim, wherein L2>L3>L1; the spinning area (71) has a length L0 along the axial direction of the rim, and the spinning area (71) is located in the middle area of ​​the flame heating area (52), wherein 1 / 2×L0≤L2≤2 / 3×L0; S3: During the spinning process of the wheel blank (3), the upper die (1) gradually moves downward and squeezes the spokes of the wheel blank (3), and at the same time, the second heat source follows the spinning wheel (7) to complete multiple spinning operations in sequence from top to bottom along the axial direction; S4: stopping the spinning operation of the spinning wheel (7) and removing the second heat source, lowering the temperature of the first heat source to 200° C. and keeping the temperature in the mold-closing state for more than 2 hours; S5: removing the first heat source, and introducing cooling liquid into an upper cooling water channel (8) built into the upper mold (1) and close to the lower end surface, and into a lower cooling water channel (9) built into the lower mold (2) and close to the upper end surface, so that the upper cooling water channel (8) and the lower cooling water channel (9) cool the spokes simultaneously; S6: the wheel blank (3) is cooled to room temperature, the upper die (1) is moved upward to open the die, the spun wheel blank (3) is removed from the lower die (2) by using an ejection mechanism, an insert profiling block is inserted into the clearance hole of the wheel spoke of the spun wheel blank (3), and the whole is quenched; S7: After the quenching treatment, the insert profiling block is removed and the wheel blank (3) is subjected to rough machining and fine machining.

2. A casting spinning process based on insert aluminum alloy wheel as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the spoke thickness of the wheel blank (3) is set to D0, and the spoke thickness of the finished wheel is set to D1; When the upper die (1) is initially clamped to press the wheel blank (3), the thickness of the molding cavity of the spoke formed by the upper die (1) and the lower die (2) is D2, wherein D2=D0; When the upper die (1) continuously applies pressure to the wheel blank (3), the thickness of the forming cavity of the spoke formed by the upper die (1) and the lower die (2) is ΔD, wherein (1+a)×D1≤ΔD≤D0, a is the axial heat shrinkage rate of the wheel, and the value is 0.8% to 0.9%.

3. A casting spinning process based on insert aluminum alloy wheel as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: In step S1, when the upper mold (1), the lower mold (2) and the wheel blank (3) are heated as a whole, the wheel is rotated under the clamping of the upper mold (1) and the lower mold (2), and the wheel blank (3) is heated by a first spray gun (4) which is located on one side of the wheel blank (3) and moves along the axial direction of the wheel blank (3). The first spray gun (4) is inclined at an angle greater than or equal to 45 degrees with the axial direction of the wheel blank (3). When the first spray gun (4) moves to the spoke position of the wheel blank (3), the first spray gun (4) switches the inclination direction once.

4. A casting spinning process based on insert aluminum alloy wheel as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: In step S3, the moving speed of the upper die (1) for extruding the wheel blank (3) downward is a constant value v, and the spinning wheel (7) performs n spinning operations from top to bottom, and the time of the n spinning operations is t1, t2...tn respectively, wherein v=(D0-D1) / [t1+t2+...+t(nm)], the value of n is greater than or equal to 5, and the value of m is 1 or 2.

5. The casting spinning process based on insert aluminum alloy wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the upper cooling water channel (8) comprises an outer upper annular water channel (81), a middle upper annular water channel (82) and an inner upper annular water channel (83) which are coaxially spaced from the outside to the inside, the flow cross section of the outer upper water channel is S1, the flow cross section of the middle upper annular water channel (82) is S2, and the flow cross section of the inner upper annular water channel (83) is S3, wherein S1>S3>S2; The lower cooling water channel (9) comprises an outer lower annular water channel (91), a middle lower annular water channel (92) and an inner lower annular water channel (93) which are coaxially spaced from the outside to the inside, the flow cross section of the outer lower water channel is s1, the flow cross section of the middle lower annular water channel (92) is s2, and the flow cross section of the inner lower annular water channel (93) is s3, wherein s1>s3>s2.

6. The casting spinning process based on insert aluminum alloy wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S6, the material used for the insert profiling block is nickel alloy.

7. The casting spinning process based on insert aluminum alloy wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S6, before quenching the aluminum alloy wheel, the wheel blank (3) is subjected to a solution treatment at a temperature of 520-550° C. and kept warm for 2-4 hours. After the solution treatment, the wheel blank (3) is placed in water for quenching, and the initial temperature of the water is 40-70° C. After 30 minutes, it is taken out of the water and then subjected to an aging treatment at a temperature of 180-220° C. and a holding time of 6 hours.

8. A spinning die, characterized in that: The invention is applied to a casting spinning process based on an insert aluminum alloy wheel as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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