Nucleation, chemical generation and storage carriage

Abstract

The invention provides a nuclear chemical plant containing compartment, and belongs to the technical field of protective equipment, the nuclear chemical plant containing compartment comprises a plurality of independent containing areas (such as a toilet and a hand washing area), a negative pressure system (comprising a case, a valve and other components) and a filtering area (comprising a primary dehydrator, a secondary dehydrator and the like), the independent containing areas are diversified in function and reasonable in design, different requirements can be met, and environmental safety is guaranteed; the negative pressure system controls gas flow and pressure through a negative pressure machine box and the like, the negative pressure environment of the compartment is maintained, the filtering area gradually decontaminates personnel through a series of processes, in addition, the oxygen chamber guarantees respiratory support, the power distribution chamber guarantees power supply, and the spare part area manages materials, and the problems that existing containing equipment is single in function, poor in protection capacity and the like are solved. The comprehensive protection capability on nuclear chemical pollution is improved, and the device is suitable for treating nuclear accidents, chemical substance leakage or biological hazard events.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of protective equipment, and in particular relates to a nuclear, chemical and biological containment compartment. Background Art

[0002] In the event of a nuclear accident, chemical leak or biological hazard, rapid and effective handling of the contaminated area is crucial. The current protection and containment equipment has many shortcomings. For example, most of the existing containment devices have a single function and poor comprehensive protection capabilities against nuclear, chemical and biological hazards. In terms of nuclear radiation protection, they cannot effectively block various types of rays; for chemical pollution, they cannot adapt to the adsorption and isolation needs of different types of chemicals; in terms of biological hazard protection, they cannot ensure that the spread of biological factors is completely eliminated.

[0003] Moreover, the stability of existing storage equipment during transportation and the safety protection of the stored items need to be improved. There is a lack of real-time monitoring function for the status of the stored items, making it difficult to respond to possible emergencies in a timely manner. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a nuclear, chemical and biological containment compartment, aiming to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A nuclear, chemical and biological containment compartment, characterized by comprising:

[0007] Multiple independent containment areas, including toilets, hand washing areas, waste rooms, negative pressure system rooms, oxygen rooms, surrounding areas, filtration areas, operating tables, nurse stations, dressing areas, spare parts areas, living areas, rest areas, storage areas and power distribution rooms;

[0008] A negative pressure system, comprising a negative pressure box, a valve, a bus, a vacuum pump, a blower, a static pressure pipe, a negative pressure pipeline, an oxygen pipeline, an oxygen bag, and a static pressure box;

[0009] The filtering area includes a first stripping area, a second stripping area, a shower area, and a changing area.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0011] 1. In this scheme, multiple independent containment areas are set up, such as toilets, hand-washing areas, and waste rooms. Each area is specially designed for nuclear, chemical, and biological hazards. For example, the special sealed toilet in the toilet and the surface material that is easy to clean and disinfect can prevent the attachment and spread of nuclear, chemical, and biological pollutants; the hand-washing area is equipped with special disinfection equipment and a special drainage system to effectively handle possible contaminated harmful substances. At the same time, the filtration area gradually decontaminates personnel through a series of processes such as first and second stripping, showering, and changing areas to ensure that nuclear, chemical, and biological pollutants on personnel are effectively removed. The negative pressure system prevents pollutants from spreading to the external environment by maintaining a negative pressure environment in the carriage, further enhancing the comprehensive protection capability against nuclear, chemical, and biological hazards;

[0012] Whether it is nuclear radiation, chemical pollution or biological hazards, the design of the carriage can provide effective protection. For example, for nuclear radiation, special shielding materials or protective structures may be used; for chemical pollution, the material selection and equipment configuration in different areas can adapt to the characteristics of various chemical substances; in terms of biological hazard protection, strict sealing measures and air circulation system design can prevent the spread of biological factors.

[0013] 2. In this scheme, multiple functions are integrated into one carriage, which not only has nuclear, chemical and biological protection functions, but also has living areas, rest areas, operating tables, nurse stations and other areas. The living areas and rest areas provide a comfortable environment for people who work and live in the carriage for a long time. The operating tables can be used by medical staff or related staff to perform testing and analysis operations, and the nurse station facilitates the development of medical care. This multifunctional integrated design meets the various needs of personnel in the process of handling nuclear, chemical and biological incidents, and improves work efficiency and personnel comfort. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0015] Figure 1 is a plan view of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a first partial enlarged view of the plane of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 It is a second partial enlarged view of the plane of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Example 1

[0020] See also Figure 1-Figure 3 , the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0021] A nuclear, chemical and biological containment compartment, characterized by comprising:

[0022] Multiple independent containment areas, including toilets, hand washing areas, waste rooms, negative pressure system rooms, oxygen rooms, surrounding areas, filtration areas, operating tables, nurse stations, dressing areas, spare parts areas, living areas, rest areas, storage areas and power distribution rooms;

[0023] A negative pressure system, comprising a negative pressure box, a valve, a bus, a vacuum pump, a blower, a static pressure pipe, a negative pressure pipeline, an oxygen pipeline, an oxygen bag, and a static pressure box;

[0024] The filtering area includes a first stripping area, a second stripping area, a shower area, and a changing area.

[0025] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the toilet is designed to meet the basic physiological needs of personnel, and its internal facilities are designed to fully consider the use requirements in the special environment of nuclear, chemical and biological. For example, the toilet may adopt a special sealing design to prevent the leakage of pollutants, and the surface material is easy to clean and disinfect to deal with possible contamination of harmful substances. The faucet of the wash basin may also have a special induction or easy-to-operate switch to avoid cross contamination.

[0026] In addition to the regular hand washing facilities, the hand washing area will also have special disinfection equipment. There may be an area around the wash basin to place cleaning supplies and disposable disinfection supplies. In addition, the drainage system in the hand washing area will be specially treated to prevent pollutants from flowing into the external environment, and may be connected to a special treatment device in the car.

[0027] The waste room is used to store various medical wastes, contaminated clothing and other items that may carry nuclear, chemical and biological hazards. There are classified storage areas inside, and strict sealing measures are taken to prevent the escape of harmful substances. At the same time, the waste room may be equipped with special disinfection equipment to perform preliminary treatment on newly placed waste to reduce the risk of contamination.

[0028] The negative pressure system room is the core area of ​​the entire negative pressure system. Key equipment such as the negative pressure chassis, valves, and busbars are placed here. The negative pressure chassis is the power and control center of the entire negative pressure system, and the negative pressure value is accurately controlled through complex circuits and sensors. The design of valves and busbars ensures the orderly flow of gas in the system. They are specially selected and installed to withstand a certain pressure difference and ensure sealing.

[0029] The oxygen room is mainly used to store oxygen to provide necessary breathing support for people in the carriage. In addition to storage equipment such as oxygen tanks, there will also be corresponding pressure monitoring and regulation devices. The walls and doors of the oxygen room are made of fireproof and explosion-proof materials to ensure safety in special environments. At the same time, the oxygen supply system here is connected to various oxygen-demanding areas in the carriage and transported through oxygen pipelines.

[0030] The surrounding area may be a multifunctional space, such as a temporary gathering or waiting area for personnel. It is designed to take into account the comfort and convenience of personnel, and has good connection channels with other important areas, so that personnel can quickly reach the toilet, hand washing area, etc. There may be some small storage facilities around it for commonly used items.

[0031] Filter area (including first and second stripping, shower and changing area)

[0032] First-dressing area: This is the area where people first undergo preliminary decontamination after entering the carriage. Here, people will take off their outer clothes that may be contaminated. The first-dressing area is equipped with special clothing storage devices that can prevent the spread of contaminants. At the same time, the floor and walls have special anti-pollution coatings and drainage designs for easy cleaning and disinfection.

[0033] Second decontamination area: After completing the first decontamination, personnel enter the second decontamination area for more in-depth decontamination. The equipment and processes in the second decontamination area are more stringent, and there may be a special cleaning liquid spraying device to further remove residual pollutants on personnel. The air circulation system here is also specially designed to ensure that air flows from the clean area to the contaminated area to prevent cross contamination.

[0034] Shower area: The shower area is equipped with a special shower head and drainage system. The water flow intensity and angle of the shower head can be adjusted as needed to ensure that the body is thoroughly washed. The drainage system can quickly drain the water containing pollutants and treat it through the sewage treatment system in the carriage to prevent the spread of pollution.

[0035] Changing area: After showering, personnel enter the changing area to change into clean clothes. The changing area has ample storage space for clean work clothes and personal items. The temperature and humidity here will also be kept within a comfortable range, allowing personnel to feel comfortable when changing clothes.

[0036] The operating table is where medical staff or related staff conduct tests, analyses and other operations. The operating table is equipped with various professional instruments and equipment, such as instruments for detecting nuclear radiation and equipment for analyzing chemical substances. The operating table is made of acid-resistant, alkali-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials and is easy to clean. There may be power sockets and data interfaces around it to facilitate the use of equipment and data transmission.

[0037] The nurse station is the core area of ​​medical care and is equipped with communication equipment to facilitate communication with other areas in the carriage and the outside. There is a medicine storage area here, which stores commonly used first aid medicines and special medicines for nuclear, chemical and biological injuries. The nurse station is also equipped with medical recording equipment to record the patient's basic information, changes in condition, etc. At the same time, the location design of the nurse station is convenient for nurses to observe the situation in the surrounding area so as to respond to patients' needs in a timely manner.

[0038] The dressing area is mainly used for personnel to put on protective equipment before entering the contaminated area. There are storage racks for various types of protective clothing, protective masks, gloves and other protective supplies, and there are clear instructions for dressing procedures. The space layout of the dressing area is reasonable, which can accommodate multiple people dressing at the same time, and there are auxiliary equipment such as mirrors to facilitate personnel to check whether the protective equipment is worn correctly.

[0039] The spare parts area is used to store a large number of spare materials, including but not limited to spare protective equipment, medical equipment, maintenance tools, daily necessities, etc. The shelves in the spare parts area are reasonably designed to facilitate classified storage and quick search. The storage of materials has a corresponding inventory management system that can monitor the quantity and usage of materials in real time for timely replenishment.

[0040] The living area is an area for people who work and live in the carriage for a long time to rest and live. There are basic furniture such as beds, tables and chairs. The design of the beds takes into account comfort and space utilization efficiency. The living area is also equipped with entertainment facilities such as small TVs and books to relieve the psychological pressure of people in special environments. At the same time, the living area has an independent lighting system and temperature control system to create a comfortable living environment.

[0041] The rest area is similar to the living area, but is more focused on providing a place for short-term rest. There may be comfortable sofas, reclining chairs, etc. The surrounding environment is quiet, which is conducive to the rapid recovery of energy. The rest area also has corresponding lighting and ventilation equipment to ensure fresh air and appropriate light.

[0042] The storage area is used to store various items that are not often used but must be kept, such as large spare equipment, long-term storage materials, etc. The storage space here is large, and there are good moisture-proof, fire-proof, and insect-proof measures to ensure the long-term preservation quality of the items. The items in the storage area are placed in an orderly manner, with detailed lists and labels for easy search and management.

[0043] The power distribution room is the core of the power supply of the entire carriage. There are distribution boxes, distribution cabinets and other equipment here to distribute and manage the power from the outside and the self-contained power supply in the carriage. The design of the power distribution room meets the electrical safety standards and has lightning protection, overload protection and other devices. At the same time, the wiring of the power distribution room is reasonable, and the power interface connection with other areas is reliable, ensuring the stable power supply of various equipment in the carriage.

[0044] Negative pressure system

[0045] The negative pressure chassis is the key control unit of the negative pressure system, which integrates advanced microprocessors and sensors. It can monitor the negative pressure values ​​of various areas in the car in real time and automatically adjust the operating power of the vacuum pump and blower according to the preset parameters. The chassis shell is made of sturdy and heat-dissipating materials, and the internal circuit layout is reasonable with good anti-interference ability to ensure stable operation in complex nuclear, chemical and biological environments.

[0046] Valves control the flow and direction of gas in negative pressure systems. These valves include manual and automatic control types. Manual valves are used for emergency operations or system maintenance in special circumstances, while automatic valves are connected to the negative pressure chassis and open and close accurately according to system instructions. The material of the valve has been specially selected to have good sealing and corrosion resistance, and can work in a gas environment containing harmful substances for a long time.

[0047] The busbar is a device that collects or distributes the gas in each branch pipe. In the negative pressure system, it ensures the orderly flow of gas between different areas. The design of the busbar takes into account the requirements of different gas flow and pressure. Its internal channel is smooth to reduce the resistance of gas flow. At the same time, the connection between the busbar and the pipeline adopts a connection method with excellent sealing performance to prevent gas leakage.

[0048] The vacuum pump is the core device for generating negative pressure. It extracts the air in the compartment through mechanical or physical principles to form a negative pressure environment. The selection of the vacuum pump is determined by factors such as the volume of the compartment, the required negative pressure value, and the response time of the system. It has a high air extraction rate and stable performance, and is equipped with overload protection and fault alarm devices to ensure reliability during long-term operation.

[0049] The blower works with the vacuum pump to introduce fresh air into specific areas of the car and maintain pressure balance in the car. The air volume and air pressure of the blower are adjustable to deliver air precisely according to the needs of different areas. The blades and housing are made of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials, and the blower has the characteristics of low noise and high efficiency to reduce interference with people in the car.

[0050] The static pressure tube is used to measure and transmit the static pressure information of the gas, which is crucial for the precise control of the negative pressure system. The static pressure box is a device for stabilizing and distributing the incoming gas. The internal structure of the static pressure box has been optimized to evenly distribute the gas pressure, so that the gas remains in a stable state when entering each area, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the entire negative pressure system.

[0051] Negative pressure pipes and oxygen pipes form a network for gas transportation in the carriage. Negative pressure pipes are made of high-strength, negative pressure-resistant materials, and their connection method ensures sealing in a negative pressure environment. Oxygen pipes need to meet the safety standards for oxygen transportation and have fireproof and anti-static properties. The laying of pipes is rationally arranged along the structure of the carriage, minimizing bends and intersections to reduce gas flow resistance and avoid potential safety hazards. At the same time, the necessary markings and detection interfaces are set on the pipes to facilitate daily inspection and maintenance.

[0052] As a backup oxygen supply device, the oxygen bag plays a role in emergency situations or when temporary mobile oxygen supply is needed. The material of the oxygen bag is soft and has good air tightness, and can withstand a certain pressure. It is equipped with a convenient interface that can be connected to the oxygen pipeline or other oxygen supply equipment, and has clear capacity markings and instructions for use to ensure that it can be used correctly when needed.

[0053] The working principle and use process of the present invention: Independent containment area design principle: Zoning function principle: Set up multiple independent containment areas, covering multiple functional areas such as toilets and hand washing areas. The toilet uses a special sealed toilet and a surface material that is easy to clean and disinfect. The hand washing area is equipped with special disinfection equipment and a special drainage system. The dirt room is strictly sealed and equipped with disinfection equipment for storing contaminated items. These designs are intended to prevent the leakage and spread of pollutants, meet different needs, and ensure environmental safety.

[0054] Principle of personnel flow: personnel enter from the dressing area wearing protective equipment, and then pass through the first take-off area to take off the outer contaminated clothing, the second take-off area for further decontamination, the shower area for thorough washing, and the changing area for changing into clean clothes. After that, they can enter the living area, rest area, etc. All areas work closely together to ensure that personnel activities at different stages can be carried out in a corresponding safe environment.

[0055] Negative pressure system working principle: Negative pressure generation and control principle: The negative pressure system consists of a negative pressure chassis, valves, busbars, etc. The negative pressure chassis is the core, which monitors the negative pressure values ​​of various areas in the car in real time through a microprocessor and sensors, and automatically adjusts the power of the vacuum pump and blower according to preset parameters. The vacuum pump draws out the air in the car to form a negative pressure environment, and the blower cooperates to maintain pressure balance. The air volume and air pressure of the two can be adjusted to meet the needs of different areas.

[0056] Gas flow and sealing principle: Valves control gas flow and direction, and are available in manual and automatic types to ensure orderly gas flow. The bus collects or distributes gas, and its internal channels are smooth and the connection parts have good sealing performance. The negative pressure pipeline is made of high-strength, negative pressure-resistant materials and sealed connections to ensure the delivery of gas under negative pressure. At the same time, the design of the entire system prevents gas leakage, maintains the negative pressure environment in the car, and avoids the spread of pollutants.

[0057] Working principle of the filtration area: Principle of the decontamination process: The filtration area includes the first declothing area, the second declothing area, the shower area, and the changing area. The first declothing area uses a clothing storage device to prevent the spread of pollutants, and the floor and walls have anti-pollution coatings and drainage designs; the second declothing area has more stringent equipment and processes, such as a cleaning liquid spraying device, and an air circulation system to ensure that air flows from the clean area to the contaminated area; the shower area has an adjustable nozzle to ensure thorough flushing, and the drainage system treats sewage; the changing area provides a comfortable environment for changing clean clothes, and through this series of processes, the gradual decontamination of personnel is achieved.

[0058] Other areas and system principles: Oxygen supply principle: Oxygen is stored in the oxygen room, which has pressure monitoring and regulation devices, and the walls and doors are made of fireproof and explosion-proof materials. Oxygen is transported to each oxygen-requiring area through pipelines, and oxygen bags are equipped as backup to ensure that personnel in the car have sufficient breathing support.

[0059] Power supply principle: The distribution room serves as the power core, distributing and managing electricity through distribution boxes and distribution cabinets. It has lightning protection, overload protection and other devices, and reasonable wiring to ensure stable power supply for various equipment in the car.

[0060] Principles of material management: The spare parts area stores a large amount of spare materials through reasonable shelf design and classification. The inventory management system monitors in real time to ensure that the materials are sufficient and can be found quickly, providing material support for the continuous operation of the carriage.

[0061] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A nuclear, chemical and biological containment compartment, characterized in that: include: Multiple independent containment areas, including toilets, hand washing areas, waste rooms, negative pressure system rooms, oxygen rooms, surrounding areas, filtration areas, operating tables, nurse stations, dressing areas, spare parts areas, living areas, rest areas, storage areas and power distribution rooms; A negative pressure system, comprising a negative pressure box, a valve, a bus, a vacuum pump, a blower, a static pressure pipe, a negative pressure pipeline, an oxygen pipeline, an oxygen bag, and a static pressure box; The filtering area includes a first stripping area, a second stripping area, a shower area, and a changing area.

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