A concrete water-based inorganic densifying agent and a method for radically curing efflorescence of concrete wall surface

Abstract

The application provides a concrete water-based inorganic densification agent and a concrete wall surface efflorescence radical treatment method. The raw materials of the concrete water-based inorganic densification agent include: 18-28 parts of sodium silicate solution, 0.25-0.5 parts of alkane sulfonate ion surfactant, 0.5-2.5 parts of calcium oxide, 0-2 parts of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 0.05-0.2 parts of sodium bisulfite, 4-6 parts of nano zinc oxide, 0.1-0.3 parts of potassium chloride, 0.1-0.5 parts of silane, 53-72 parts of deionized water, 1-3 parts of polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether, and 3-5 parts of magnesium fluosilicate. The concrete water-based inorganic densification agent is sprayed through a specific construction process, can densify the concrete structure, and cut off the fine water seepage channel; through the specific construction process, the high-efficiency alkali-resistant adhesive and the alkali-resistant and moisture-proof high-molecular fiber film are used to seal the concrete wall surface, the generation of efflorescence is prevented from two aspects, and the efflorescence problem of the concrete wall surface is radically treated.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of wall efflorescence treatment, and particularly relates to a concrete water-based inorganic densification agent and a concrete wall efflorescence treatment method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Efflorescence is also known as "white phenomenon", which is a common problem in daily home scenes, especially in humid environments. The generation of efflorescence is mainly due to the fact that concrete is a silicate material. When the material meets air or water vapor in the wall, a hydrolysis reaction occurs, and the generated hydroxyl ion combines with the metal ion to form a hydroxide with low solubility (alkaline in chemical properties). When the temperature rises, water vapor will evaporate, and the hydroxide will be precipitated from the wall. As the water gradually evaporates, the hydroxide is also precipitated on the surface of the concrete, and the original decorative coating or paint is lifted and no longer adheres to the wall, and the phenomenon of whitening, peeling and falling occurs. The erosion and dissolution of water migration in the wall will reduce the carrying capacity of the wall, and the surface powdering and peeling of the wall will continuously reduce the structure section of the wall, increase the unit area load bearing, and increase the structural safety factor.

[0003] In the prior art, some steel sheets with certain thickness and rigidity are usually used to manually scrape off the surface efflorescence crystals, so as to achieve the purpose of removing the efflorescence crystals on the surface of the concrete wall. However, the manual scraping method is not a permanent solution, and it only achieves a temporary solution by relying on external force to remove the efflorescence crystals on the surface of the wall. In the subsequent use process, the efflorescence will still be produced, and the generation of efflorescence is not fundamentally solved. In addition, the commonly used method is a machine sand blasting method, which uses a sand blasting machine or a shot blasting machine to high-pressure spray steel shots or fine sand to polish the concrete efflorescence surface, so as to achieve the purpose of removing the efflorescence crystals and treating the efflorescence problem. However, the sand blasting method is essentially the same as the manual scraping method, and although the effect of removing the efflorescence crystals is better than that of the manual scraping method, the generation of efflorescence is not fundamentally solved, and only a temporary solution is achieved.

[0004] Therefore, it is very important to completely cure the efflorescence phenomenon and treat it from the source to effectively solve the problem of efflorescence on the concrete wall, especially in a humid environment. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the purpose of the present application is to provide a concrete water-based inorganic densification agent and a concrete wall efflorescence treatment method. By preparing the concrete water-based inorganic densification agent and applying it to the concrete wall, the treatment of efflorescence can be facilitated.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a concrete water-based inorganic densification agent, wherein the raw materials of the concrete water-based inorganic densification agent include: 18-28 parts of sodium silicate solution, 0.25-0.5 parts of alkyl sulfonate ion surfactant, 0.5-2.5 parts of calcium oxide, 0-2 parts of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 0.05-0.2 parts of sodium bisulfite, 4-6 parts of nano zinc oxide, 0.1-0.3 parts of potassium chloride, 0.1-0.5 parts of silane, 53-72 parts of deionized water, 1-3 parts of polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether, and 3-5 parts of magnesium fluosilicate.

[0007] The raw materials of the concrete water-based inorganic densification agent have the following effects, respectively:

[0008] The sodium silicate solution can provide silicon elements, enhance the strength and durability of the concrete;

[0009] The alkyl sulfonate ion surfactant can improve the dispersibility and wettability of the material and promote the uniform coverage of the material;

[0010] The calcium oxide is a penetrant that can promote silicon ions to penetrate deeper into the concrete structure, improve the permeability and modification effect;

[0011] The ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid is a retarder that can delay the gelation of the material during formation, increasing the adaptability of the construction;

[0012] The sodium bisulfite is a reducing agent that helps to maintain the reduced state of silicon ions, improving the waterproofing effect;

[0013] The nano zinc oxide is an accelerator that can enhance the surface area and activity of the waterproofing agent, improving its impermeability and waterproofing effect;

[0014] The potassium chloride is an anti-freezing agent that can improve the stability of the material in low-temperature environments and prevent freezing damage;

[0015] The silane is a waterproofing agent, preferably methyltrimethoxysilane, which can enhance the waterproofing performance and form an effective protective layer;

[0016] The deionized water is a carrier that can provide a suitable dissolution environment and ensure that the ingredients are fully mixed;

[0017] The polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether is a defoaming agent used to control the formation of bubbles in the material and ensure a smooth surface;

[0018] The magnesium fluosilicate is a reinforcing agent that can promote the reaction of silicates and basic ions in the concrete in the solution, thereby enhancing the overall hardness of the concrete.

[0019] According to a specific embodiment of the present application, preferably, the modulus of sodium silicate in the sodium silicate solution is 3.0-3.5, and the mass concentration is 30%-40%, more preferably 35%.

[0020] In the present application, the concrete water-based inorganic densifying agent is inorganic material itself, and will not age, so that the same life as the structure can be achieved; it can densify the voids and slight cracks of the concrete wall, cut off the internal leakage channels and voids of the concrete, and prevent the water or moisture in the external soil from penetrating through the cracks or voids in the internal concrete wall, thereby avoiding the efflorescence phenomenon caused by the reaction with silicate substances on the surface of the concrete.

[0021] In some specific embodiments, preferably, the concrete water-based inorganic densifying agent is obtained by mixing various components together and then stirring uniformly.

[0022] The present application also provides a method for radically curing efflorescence of a concrete wall surface, wherein the radical curing method comprises:

[0023] (1) removing the decorative layer on the surface of the efflorescence wall to expose the concrete structural base surface; removing the efflorescence crystals on the base surface; and washing the base surface after the efflorescence crystals are completely removed;

[0024] (2) performing a chiseling treatment on the base surface; and washing the base surface after the chiseling is completed;

[0025] (3) spraying the above-mentioned concrete water-based inorganic densifying agent on the base surface;

[0026] (4) after the surface sprayed with the concrete water-based inorganic densifying agent is completely dried, sealing the base surface with high-efficiency alkali-resistant adhesive and alkali-resistant moisture-proof polymer fiber film;

[0027] (5) after the high-efficiency alkali-resistant adhesive is completely dried, restoring the original decorative layer, and completing the radical curing of the efflorescence of the concrete wall surface.

[0028] The alkali-resistant and moisture-proof method is adopted to prevent the two conditions of efflorescence of the concrete wall surface, so as to completely solve the efflorescence problem. The two reasons for the efflorescence of the concrete wall are as follows: condition 1) the concrete wall has many gaps, the water outside the wall enters the wall through the concrete structure, further increases the indoor humidity, and reacts with the wall surface to cause the efflorescence; condition 2) the basement is generally humid, especially the buildings near the sea or rivers, which are more humid, and under the condition of long-term humidity, the concrete structure wall reacts with the humid air to cause the efflorescence. Therefore, the efflorescence problem is solved by solving the conditions of the efflorescence, wherein the concrete water-based inorganic densification agent can prevent the external water from penetrating into the concrete wall and prevent the efflorescence on the concrete surface, and increase the density of the concrete, which corresponds to the solution of condition 1) of the efflorescence; the high-efficiency alkali-resistant adhesive glue combined with the alkali-resistant and moisture-proof high-molecular fiber film can prevent the efflorescence caused by the reaction of the indoor humidity and the silicate material of the concrete wall, which corresponds to the solution of condition 2) of the efflorescence. The two conditions of the efflorescence are completely prevented, so that the efflorescence is completely solved.

[0029] According to the specific embodiment of the present application, preferably, the operation of spraying the concrete water-based inorganic densification agent specifically includes the following steps:

[0030] (a) first, the base surface is sprayed with water to make it wet (also as secondary cleaning), and after the base surface is wet and no obvious water remains on the surface, the first pass of the concrete water-based inorganic densification agent is sprayed, with a usage of 120-140g per square meter; after spraying, the maintenance is carried out for 10-15min;

[0031] (b) after the maintenance is completed, the base surface is sprayed with water again, and after the base surface is wet and no obvious water remains on the surface, the second pass of the concrete water-based inorganic densification agent is sprayed, with a usage of 240-280g per square meter.

[0032] According to the specific embodiment of the present application, preferably, the usage of the second pass of the concrete water-based inorganic densification agent is increased by more than 50% compared with the first pass. The second pass of spraying can accelerate the penetration of the concrete water-based inorganic densification agent.

[0033] In some specific embodiments, preferably, the operation of spraying water is realized by using a handheld sprayer, and the operations of spraying the first pass and the second pass of the concrete water-based inorganic densification agent are realized by using a high-pressure sprayer.

[0034] In some specific embodiments, preferably, the curing time is 10 minutes in summer, 15 minutes in winter, and 12-14 minutes in spring and autumn, according to the weather conditions; during the construction in summer, attention should be paid to avoid the rapid drying of the construction base surface, and if necessary, appropriate watering should be performed.

[0035] According to the specific embodiments of the present application, preferably, the operation of the sealing specifically comprises the following steps:

[0036] (I) mixing the high-efficiency alkali-resistant bonding glue and water in a mass ratio of 1:(1-2) (preferably 1:1.5) and stirring them uniformly, cutting the alkali-resistant and moisture-proof high-molecular fiber film according to the construction area, and thinly coating the high-efficiency alkali-resistant bonding glue on any side of the alkali-resistant and moisture-proof high-molecular fiber film; the construction area is determined according to the size of the efflorescence part;

[0037] (II) bonding one side of the alkali-resistant and moisture-proof high-molecular fiber film thinly coated with the high-efficiency alkali-resistant bonding glue to the base surface, pressing it flat from one side to the other side (for example, using a trowel), and covering the excess high-efficiency alkali-resistant bonding glue material scraped off on the surface of the alkali-resistant and moisture-proof high-molecular fiber film and troweling it flat.

[0038] According to the specific embodiments of the present application, preferably, the thickness of the thin coating is 3-4 mm.

[0039] According to the specific embodiments of the present application, preferably, the cut alkali-resistant and moisture-proof high-molecular fiber film is jointed in multiple pieces, and the joint width between the alkali-resistant and moisture-proof high-molecular fiber films is not less than 150 mm.

[0040] According to the specific embodiments of the present application, preferably, the chiseling depth of the chiseling treatment is 3-5 mm, the chiseling interval is 10-20 mm (preferably 15-20 mm), and the chiseling rate is not less than 95%.

[0041] In the above radical treatment method, preferably, the radical treatment method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0042] A1, removing the decorative layer on the surface of the efflorescence wall to expose the original concrete structure base surface of the efflorescence wall;

[0043] A2, removing the efflorescence crystals on the concrete wall surface, and the specific steps are: first washing the efflorescence part with clean water, and then washing it with dilute hydrochloric acid with a mass ratio of 1:9 (hydrochloric acid: water) for 30-40 minutes to remove the efflorescence crystals on the wall surface;

[0044] A3, after the efflorescence crystals on the concrete wall surface are completely removed, washing the part washed with hydrochloric acid with clean water to ensure that there is no residue such as chemical substances and hydrochloric acid left on the construction base surface;

[0045] A4, use the electric hammer and the plum blossom chisel bit to the concrete base surface in the efflorescence area carries on the chisel processing, the method is: to the smooth base surface continuously carries on the chisel processing, chisel depth is 3-5mm, chisel interval is 15-20mm, chisel rate is not less than 95%;Chisel to the surface rough after stopping construction, ensure that can enhance the subsequent efficient alkali-resistant adhesive glue and alkali-resistant moisture-proof high molecular fiber film to the bonding strength of concrete wall surface;

[0046] A5, after chiseling, use high-pressure water gun to wash the chiseled concrete surface to ensure the cleanliness of the construction surface;

[0047] A6, after cleaning, spray the concrete water-based inorganic densification agent on the concrete efflorescence part;

[0048] A7, after the concrete surface sprayed with the concrete water-based inorganic densification agent is completely dry, use the efficient alkali-resistant adhesive glue and the alkali-resistant moisture-proof high molecular fiber film to construct the concrete wall surface efflorescence part, seal the entire concrete surface;

[0049] A8, after the efficient alkali-resistant adhesive glue of the construction part is completely dry (usually 12-24h), the original decorative layer can be restored according to requirements, and all processes are completed.

[0050] According to the specific embodiment of the present application, preferably, the raw materials of the efficient alkali-resistant adhesive glue include: 50-56 parts of P.O 42.5 cement, 10-15 parts of sulphoaluminate cement, 2-3 parts of anhydrous sodium silicate, 0.3-0.5 parts of nano cellulose, 0.4-0.6 parts of calcium stearate, 5-7 parts of micron-sized silica fume powder, 3-4 parts of redispersible latex powder, 1-2 parts of modified aluminum powder, 0.2-0.3 parts of polycarboxylic acid water reducer, and 3-5 parts of silica fume powder.

[0051] The raw materials of the efficient alkali-resistant adhesive glue have the following effects respectively:

[0052] The anhydrous sodium silicate can provide adhesion and hydration resistance, accelerate the hardening process and enhance the waterproof effect;The nano cellulose can improve the crack resistance and toughness of the material, and enhance its permeability;

[0053] The calcium stearate can reduce water absorption, improve waterproof effect and enhance the durability of the material;

[0054] The micron-sized silica fume powder can increase the compactness and filling property of the material, and improve its durability;

[0055] The redispersible latex powder can improve the water resistance and weather resistance of the material;

[0056] The polycarboxylic acid water reducer can improve the flowability of the material, reduce the water consumption, and enhance the compressive and flexural strength of the material.

[0057] The silica powder can improve the compression resistance and wear resistance of the material, and improve the waterproof performance of the material.

[0058] In the present application, the high-efficiency alkali-resistant adhesive is developed according to the problem of efflorescence, and the material itself has good alkali resistance and moisture resistance, and the material has similar expansion coefficient with concrete, and is not easy to be hollow and fall off, and the alkali-resistant and moisture-resistant high molecular fiber membrane can be firmly adhered to the concrete surface without falling off.

[0059] In some specific embodiments, preferably, the high-efficiency alkali-resistant adhesive is prepared by the following steps:

[0060] The P.O 42.5 cement is uniformly mixed with the sulfoaluminate cement to obtain a base material cement mixture; anhydrous sodium silicate is dissolved in an appropriate amount of water to obtain a reinforcing agent, and gradually added to the cement mixture and stirred; nano-cellulose is added to the system for fiber reinforcement, and stirred uniformly to ensure crack resistance and toughness; then calcium stearate is gradually added as a waterproof ingredient to ensure the improvement of waterproof performance; micrometer-sized silica fume is continuously added as a filler to ensure the compactness of the material and reduce the porosity; then redispersible latex powder and modified aluminum powder are added as expansion agents to enhance the adhesion and improve the expansion performance of the material; then polycarboxylic acid water reducer is added according to the working environment of the material to adjust the fluidity and ensure the construction fluidity; finally, the fluidity and viscosity of the mixture are adjusted by adding silica powder, and if necessary, an appropriate amount of water is added to ensure that the material has good construction performance, and the high-efficiency alkali-resistant adhesive is obtained after mixing.

[0061] In some specific embodiments, the alkali-resistant and moisture-resistant high molecular fiber membrane is composed of a high-strength high molecular sheet, and the sheet contains a high molecular resin in the middle, and a conventional high molecular fiber membrane in the art can be selected, which can meet the indexes of serial numbers 1 and 3 in Table 1 at the same time; preferably, the alkali-resistant and moisture-resistant high molecular fiber membrane meets the indexes of serial numbers 1, 2 and 3 in Table 1 at the same time; more preferably, the alkali-resistant and moisture-resistant high molecular fiber membrane meets the indexes of serial numbers 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 in Table 1 at the same time.

[0062] Table 1. Indexes of alkali-resistant and moisture-resistant high molecular fiber membrane

[0063]

[0064] In the present application, the alkali-resistant and moisture-proof high molecular fiber membrane is water and air impermeable, can completely isolate the moisture in the air, and avoid the reaction of moisture and the silicate material on the concrete wall; in addition, the high-efficiency alkali-resistant adhesive can completely penetrate into the pores of the alkali-resistant and moisture-proof high molecular fiber membrane, and firmly combine into a whole, thereby enhancing the sealing property and the adhesion to the wall surface. Therefore, the use of the high-efficiency alkali-resistant adhesive and the alkali-resistant and moisture-proof high molecular fiber membrane forms a water and air impermeable high-adhesion-strength sealing layer, which can further prevent the reaction of the moisture in the air and the silicate material on the concrete surface.

[0065] According to the specific embodiment of the present application, preferably, the breaking strength of the alkali-resistant and moisture-proof high molecular fiber membrane is ≥700N; and the elongation at break of the alkali-resistant and moisture-proof high molecular fiber membrane is ≥30%.

[0066] The traditional alkali bleeding treatment methods such as pickling method, sand blasting method and polishing method only perform surface treatment by physical or chemical methods, and cannot fundamentally solve the problem of alkali bleeding. In the subsequent 3-6 months of use, the phenomenon of alkali bleeding still occurs. Different from the traditional solutions, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0067] (1) The concrete wall surface alkali bleeding treatment method provided by the present application can prevent the reaction of the moisture in the air and the silicate material on the concrete surface, and prevent the reaction of the moisture in the soil and the silicate material on the concrete surface, thereby fundamentally cutting off the conditions for alkali bleeding and achieving the purpose of completely treating alkali bleeding.

[0068] (2) The concrete water-based inorganic densifying agent, the high-efficiency alkali-resistant adhesive and the alkali-resistant and moisture-proof high molecular fiber membrane used in the present application are all produced according to the problem of alkali bleeding, and are more suitable for the treatment of alkali bleeding than the same type of materials on the market. The present application uses specific construction materials and specific construction methods together, and achieves the purpose of completely treating alkali bleeding.

[0069] (3) The concrete wall surface alkali bleeding treatment method provided by the present application improves the durability and stability of the wall; the method is not only suitable for new walls, but also can be used for repairing and improving existing walls, and provides a reliable solution for the long-term health and performance of building structures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0070] Figure 1 The wall with the original concrete structure base surface exposed after removing the decorative layer at the alkali bleeding position of the wall surface.

[0071] Figure 2 The wall after removing the white crystalline body at the alkali bleeding position of the wall surface.

[0072] Figure 3 The wall after the wall surface efflorescence part is chiseled and treated.

[0073] Figure 4 The wall after the wall surface efflorescence part is sprayed with the concrete water-based inorganic densifying agent.

[0074] Figure 5 The wall after the construction of the efficient alkali-resistant adhesive glue and the alkali-resistant and moisture-proof high polymer fiber film.

[0075] Figure 6 The wall after the decoration layer on the wall surface is recovered after the treatment is completed.

[0076] Figure 7 The flow chart of the concrete wall surface efflorescence radical treatment method in embodiment 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0077] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, objects and beneficial effects of the present application, the technical solutions of the present application are described in detail below, but cannot be understood as limiting the implementable scope of the present application.

[0078] Embodiment 1:

[0079] The present embodiment provides a concrete wall surface efflorescence radical treatment method. The concrete wall surface to be treated is located in the basement of a food factory building. The basement is a cold storage project, and the temperature difference between the underground and the ground is large. In addition, the project is adjacent to Xitang River, resulting in high humidity in the basement. Therefore, the basement exterior wall has multiple efflorescence parts, causing the peeling and falling off of putty and other decoration layers.

[0080] The composition of the concrete water-based inorganic densifying agent used in the present embodiment includes: sodium silicate solution (20 parts), alkyl sulfonate ion surfactant (0.35 parts), calcium oxide (1.8 parts), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (1 part), sodium bisulfite (0.1 part), nano zinc oxide (4 parts), potassium chloride (0.3 parts), methyltrimethoxysilane (0.35 parts), deionized water (68 parts), polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether (2.5 parts), and magnesium fluosilicate (4 parts). The modulus of sodium silicate in the sodium silicate solution is 3.0, and the mass concentration is 35%.

[0081] The composition of the efficient alkali-resistant adhesive glue used in the present embodiment includes 52 parts of P.O 42.5 cement, 13 parts of sulphoaluminate cement, 2 parts of anhydrous sodium silicate, 0.5 parts of nano cellulose, 0.4 parts of calcium stearate, 5 parts of micron-sized silica fume powder, 3 parts of redispersible latex powder, 1.5 parts of modified aluminum powder, 0.3 parts of polycarboxylic acid water reducer, and 4 parts of silica powder.

[0082] The alkali-resistant and moisture-proof high polymer fiber film used in the present embodiment is a high polymer fiber film with alkali-resistant and moisture-proof functions.

[0083] The process of the radical treatment method used in this embodiment is as shown in the following steps Figure 7 The specific implementation steps are as shown in the following steps

[0084] A1: Use a spade to shovel off the putty (outer decorative layer) on the wall surface to level the surface, as shown in the following figure Figure 1 to expose the original concrete structure surface of the efflorescence part;

[0085] A2: Use a high-pressure water gun to clean the exposed concrete surface, and after the construction surface is completely dry, use dilute hydrochloric acid with a mass ratio of 1:9 to clean it, and use the dilute hydrochloric acid to remove the efflorescence crystals on the surface; 10 minutes later, use the high-pressure water gun again to clean the concrete wall surface to ensure that there is no residual hydrochloric acid, and the cleaned wall surface is as shown in the following figure Figure 2

[0086] A3: Use an electric hammer and a chisel to chisel the efflorescence part of the concrete to enhance the adhesion of the surface, the chiseling depth is about 3 mm, the chiseling interval is about 10-15 mm, the chiseling rate is about 97%, and the chiseling is stopped when the surface of the efflorescence part of the concrete is rough; after chiseling, the construction surface is also cleaned with a high-pressure water gun, and the surface is required to be clean and tidy, and the obtained wall surface is as shown in the following figure Figure 3

[0087] A4: Fill the concrete water-based inorganic densification agent and water into a small handheld sprayer and a high-pressure sprayer respectively, and perform the concrete water-based inorganic densification agent spraying construction, first use the small handheld sprayer filled with water to spray the construction surface to a wet state, about 10 minutes after the surface has no obvious water residue, spray the first pass of the concrete water-based inorganic densification agent, the dosage is 140g / m 2 , to enhance the compactness of the concrete itself and cut off the internal water seepage channel; after 15 minutes of curing, perform low-pressure watering again, about 10 minutes after the surface has no obvious water residue, perform the second pass of the concrete water-based inorganic densification agent spraying construction, the dosage is 280g / m 2 , to accelerate the penetration of the concrete water-based inorganic densification agent, and the obtained wall surface is as shown in the following figure Figure 4

[0088] A5: After the concrete water-based inorganic densification agent is dry, perform the high-efficiency alkali-resistant adhesive and the alkali-resistant and moisture-proof high-molecular fiber film construction to seal the concrete wall surface, and the specific process is as follows

[0089] (a) Fill the high-efficiency alkali-resistant adhesive and water into a 20L empty barrel, mix them according to a mass ratio of 1:1.5, and then use a stirrer to stir them uniformly for standby use; according to the construction area, cut 25m 2 of the alkali-resistant and moisture-proof high-molecular fiber film, wherein the width of the alkali-resistant and moisture-proof high-molecular fiber film is 1m, and the cutting length is 25m;

[0090] ​​​(b) The alkali-resistant and moisture-resistant high molecular fiber membrane is cut into 5 pieces of 1 m x 5 m in size, and after preparation is completed, an arbitrary alkali-resistant and moisture-resistant high molecular fiber membrane is taken and a 3 mm thick high-efficiency alkali-resistant adhesive is thinly applied on an arbitrary side; then the side of the alkali-resistant and moisture-resistant high molecular fiber membrane to which the high-efficiency alkali-resistant adhesive is thinly applied is bonded to the construction base surface;

[0091] (c) The excess high-efficiency alkali-resistant adhesive material scraped off is covered on the surface of the alkali-resistant and moisture-resistant high molecular fiber membrane and is smoothed by using a trowel from one side to the other side with force, and the remaining high-efficiency alkali-resistant adhesive and the alkali-resistant and moisture-resistant high molecular fiber membrane are constructed according to the operation, and after the construction is completed, the operation is completed; the lap width between the alkali-resistant and moisture-resistant high molecular fiber membranes is 170 mm; Figure 5

[0092] A6: After the high-efficiency alkali-resistant adhesive is completely dried, the original outer decorative layer of the wall body is restored, and the obtained wall surface is as shown in Figure 6 .

[0093] Comparative Example 1

[0094] In the comparative example, the physical removal method is used to treat the efflorescence of the concrete wall surface, and the specific steps are as follows: the efflorescence crystals in the experimental area are scraped off by using a steel sheet.

[0095] Comparative Example 2

[0096] In the comparative example, the chemical removal method is used to treat the efflorescence of the concrete wall surface, and the specific steps are as follows: 10% dilute hydrochloric acid is prepared, the efflorescence parts of the concrete wall surface are washed, and then the concrete wall surface is washed clean with clean water.

[0097] Comparative Example 3

[0098] In the comparative example, a method for treating the efflorescence of a concrete wall surface is provided, wherein the production manufacturers of the X12 nano alkali removal agent, the X9 concrete capillary hole sealing agent, the X13 high-strength alkali-resistant repair agent, the X14 composite high molecular alkali-resistant fiber, and the X16 alkali-resistant and mildew-resistant special coating are all Jiaguoshi New Material Co., Ltd., and the specific experimental steps are as follows:

[0099] (1) The surface decoration is removed and cleaned;

[0100] (2) When the wall surface efflorescence is serious, the X12 nano alkali removal agent is used to remove alkali;

[0101] (3) The X9 concrete capillary hole sealing agent is sprayed to densify the internal microcracks and pores of the wall body;

[0102] (4) After the base surface is dried, the X14 composite high molecular alkali-resistant fiber of the X13 high-strength alkali-resistant repair agent is pasted and brushed, to ensure that the bonding between the base surface and the X14 composite high molecular alkali-resistant fiber is dense and flat without hollowing; ​

[0103] (5) Rebatching and scraping one pass of X13 high-strength alkali-resistant repair agent;

[0104] (6) After drying, batching and scraping X16 alkali-proof and mildew-proof special paint, and batching and scraping to be flat;

[0105] (7) Construction is completed.

[0106] Test Example 1

[0107] The efflorescence treatment effects of the concrete wall surfaces in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-2 are compared and monitored as follows:

[0108] The same environmental conditions (i.e., the same wall, the same temperature environment of 25°C, and the same degree of efflorescence) are selected, and the area of 2 m 2 of the wall surface is selected for each method. The efflorescence is observed and recorded at 30 days (d), 60 days, 90 days, and 120 days after the efflorescence crystals are removed by the respective methods in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-2, so as to compare the effects brought by each method. A blank group is set for comparison. The percentage represents the coverage rate of the efflorescence, i.e., the ratio of the efflorescence area to the total area. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0109] Table 2. Observation results of the coverage rate of the efflorescence in Test Example 1

[0110] Test sample 0d 30d 60d 90d 120d Blank group 65％ 68％ 72％ 75％ 82％ Comparative example 1 0％ 3％ 19％ 34％ 41％ Comparative example 2 0％ 5％ 15％ 28％ 32％ Example 1 0％ 0％ 0％ 0％ 0％

[0111] According to the observation and statistical results of the four areas with the same degree of efflorescence in Table 2, it can be seen that the growth rate of the coverage rate of the efflorescence in the blank group is relatively stable, and the growth rate of the coverage rate of the efflorescence is about 3%-4% in 30d-90d. Although the growth rate is relatively slow compared with other groups, the original efflorescence area becomes more serious. After physical removal in Comparative Example 1, the growth of the coverage rate of the efflorescence is relatively rapid in 30d-120d, and the growth is relatively slow in 0d-30d. The experimental results of Comparative Example 2 are similar to those of Comparative Example 1. After chemical removal, the growth of the coverage rate of the efflorescence is also relatively rapid in 30d-120d, and the growth is relatively slow in 0d-30d.

[0112] In comparison, the efflorescence treatment method adopted in Example 1 of the present application does not produce efflorescence crystals in the process of 0d-120d.

[0113] The above experimental results show that the physical and chemical methods (such as acid pickling method, scraping method, etc.) used in Comparative Example 1-2 do not achieve the effect of "radical cure" emphasized in the present application, but only remove the efflorescence crystals that appear on the surface of the concrete wall, and cannot solve the root cause of efflorescence. In the subsequent 1-3 months of use, efflorescence still occurs. Example 1 starts from the two conditions of efflorescence, one is to inhibit the slow infiltration process of external moisture or humidity into the room, and the other is to solve the problem of indoor humid air. In particular, in the environment of the basement, the problem of peeling and falling of the outer decorative layer caused by efflorescence after the reaction of humid water vapor and concrete wall surface.

[0114] Therefore, unlike the traditional construction method which focuses on the surface treatment method, the present application can effectively solve the problem of efflorescence from the source, and achieve the purpose of radically curing efflorescence.

[0115] Test Example 2

[0116] The efflorescence treatment effects of the concrete wall surface in Example 1 and Comparative Example 3 are compared and monitored as follows:

[0117] Select the same wall with the same degree of efflorescence, and divide it into three areas of the same size (the wall area selected in this experiment is different from Test Example 1) under the same environmental temperature (25℃). The efflorescence treatment is carried out using Comparative Example 3 and Example 1 respectively, and a blank group is set for comparison. After construction, the experimental results are compared every 90d, and observation and statistics are carried out every 30d. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0118] Table 3. Observation results of efflorescence coverage in Test Example 2

[0119] 0d 30d 60d 90d Blank group 52％ 57％ 66％ 72％ Comparative example 3 0％ 2％ 5％ 7％ Example 1 0％ 0％ 0％ 0％

[0120] From the experimental results in Table 3, it can be seen that the blank group shows a natural growth trend in efflorescence coverage without human intervention, and in the case of continuous increase in efflorescence area, the previously generated efflorescence area also becomes more serious.

[0121] The results of Comparative Example 3 show that this method and material have a certain inhibitory effect on efflorescence, but as the experimental time continues, slight efflorescence also begins to appear. Therefore, if the experimental time is extended, Comparative Example 3 will also have a large area of efflorescence. In contrast, the efflorescence treatment method used in Example 1 of the present application does not produce efflorescence crystals in the period of 0d-90d.

[0122] Further, the performance of the concrete water-based inorganic densifying agent used in Example 1 and the X9 concrete capillary hole sealing agent used in Comparative Example 3 was tested separately, and the results are shown in Table 4.

[0123] Table 4. Performance comparison results of the concrete water-based inorganic densifying agent and the X9 capillary hole sealing agent

[0124] Test sample Penetration depth Resistance to seepage Applicable scenario X9 capillary hole sealing agent Surface sealing 0％ Small area and slight damp Concrete water-based inorganic densification agent Penetrate 50 mm inside 20-30％ Large area and seepage alkali

[0125] As can be seen from the results in Table 4, the concrete water-based inorganic densifying agent used in Example 1 has a higher penetration depth than the X9 concrete capillary hole sealing agent used in Comparative Example 3, and is not limited to sealing the surface, but can penetrate about 50 mm to further enhance its density; at the same time, the concrete water-based inorganic densifying agent also improves the impermeability of the concrete itself, thereby completely cutting off the cracks and voids inside the concrete, and is suitable for solving the conditions that cause efflorescence, i.e., inhibiting the slow penetration of external moisture or humidity into the room. Therefore, the materials and methods used in Example 1 are more targeted at the conditions that cause efflorescence, and are more suitable for efflorescence treatment.

[0126] Therefore, in view of the above results, the reasons why the results of Comparative Example 3 are not ideal are as follows: (1) the X9 concrete capillary hole sealing agent used in Comparative Example 3 only seals the surface layer of the concrete, which is not effective for densifying the concrete itself and cannot prevent the generation of efflorescence crystals, and at the same time, the continuous generation of efflorescence crystals will also damage the sealing layer on the surface; (2) the X13 high-strength alkali-resistant repair agent and the X14 composite polymer alkali-resistant fiber used in Comparative Example 3 are mainly used for waterproof applications, and the treatment effect for efflorescence is not ideal; because the principle of both is to block the high water pressure from the outside through good adhesion, but for the conditions that cause efflorescence, not only is good adhesion needed to prevent the efflorescence crystals from being pushed up, but also the external humidity and moisture need to be prevented from entering the room.

[0127] In contrast, the method in Example 1 can first significantly densify the voids of the concrete itself, and the penetration depth can ensure that the moisture or humidity from the outside cannot penetrate the inside of the concrete, thereby avoiding the reaction that causes efflorescence crystals; secondly, the combination of the alkali-resistant and moisture-resistant polymer fiber membrane and the high-efficiency alkali-resistant adhesive glue can ensure that the sealed surface layer not only has good adhesion for long-term use, but also is water- and air-tight, thereby completely blocking the humidity or moisture in the room from reacting with the material and the concrete structure, and avoiding the generation of efflorescence crystals. Therefore, the purpose of completely curing the conditions that cause efflorescence is achieved.

Claims

1. A water-based inorganic solidifying agent for concrete, wherein: The raw materials of the water-based inorganic concrete solidifier include: 18-28 parts of sodium silicate solution, 0.25-0.5 parts of alkanesulfonate ion surfactant, 0.5-2.5 parts of calcium oxide, 0-2 parts of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 0.05-0.2 parts of sodium bisulfite, 4-6 parts of nano zinc oxide, 0.1-0.3 parts of potassium chloride, 0.1-0.5 parts of silane, 53-72 parts of deionized water, 1-3 parts of polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether, and 3-5 parts of magnesium fluorosilicate.

2. The water-based inorganic solidifying agent for concrete according to claim 1, wherein: The modulus of sodium silicate in the sodium silicate solution is 3.0-3.5, and the mass concentration is 30%-40%.

3. A method for radical treatment of efflorescence on concrete walls, wherein: The radical treatment method includes: (1) Scraping off the decorative layer on the surface of the efflorescence wall to expose the concrete structure base surface; removing the efflorescence crystals on the base surface; after the efflorescence crystals are completely removed, rinsing the base surface; (2) roughening the base surface; and rinsing the base surface after the roughening is completed; (3) spraying the water-based non-toxic concrete solidifying agent according to claim 1 or 2 onto the base surface; (4) After the surface of the concrete water-based non-toxic solidifying agent sprayed on is completely dry, the base surface is sealed with a high-efficiency anti-alkali adhesive and an anti-alkali and moisture-proof polymer fiber membrane; (5) After the high-efficiency anti-alkali adhesive is completely dry, restore the original decorative layer to complete the cure of alkali efflorescence on the concrete wall.

4. The radical treatment method according to claim 3, wherein: The spraying operation specifically comprises the following steps: (a) First, spray water on the base surface to moisten it. After the base surface is moist and there is no obvious water residue on the surface, spray the first coat of water-based concrete non-destructive agent at a rate of 120-140g per square meter. After spraying, cure for 10-15 minutes. (b) After curing, spray water again. When the base surface is moist and there is no obvious water residue on the surface, spray the second coat of water-based concrete non-destructive agent at a dosage of 240-280g per square meter.

5. The radical treatment method according to claim 4, wherein: The amount of water-based non-toxic solidifier used in the second coat of sprayed concrete is more than 50% higher than that used in the first coat.

6. The radical treatment method according to claim 3, wherein: The sealing operation specifically includes the following steps: (I) Mix high-efficiency alkali-resistant adhesive and water in a mass ratio of 1: (1-2) and stir evenly. Cut the alkali-resistant and moisture-proof polymer fiber membrane according to the construction area, and apply a thin layer of high-efficiency alkali-resistant adhesive on any side of the alkali-resistant and moisture-proof polymer fiber membrane; (II) Adhere one side of the alkali-resistant and moisture-proof polymer fiber membrane with a thin coating of high-efficiency alkali-resistant adhesive to the base surface, press it flat from one side to the other side, and cover the surface of the alkali-resistant and moisture-proof polymer fiber membrane with the excess high-efficiency alkali-resistant adhesive material scraped out and smooth it.

7. The radical treatment method according to claim 6, wherein: The thickness of the thin coating is 3-4 mm.

8. The radical treatment method according to claim 6 or 7, wherein: The cut alkali-resistant and moisture-proof polymer fiber membranes are overlapped in multiple sheets, and the overlap width between the alkali-resistant and moisture-proof polymer fiber membranes is not less than 150 mm.

9. The radical treatment method according to claim 3, wherein: The chiseling process has a chiseling depth of 3-5 mm, a chiseling spacing of 10-20 mm, and a chiseling rate of not less than 95%.

10. The radical treatment method according to claim 3, wherein: The raw materials of the high-efficiency alkali-resistant adhesive include: 50-56 parts of PO 42.5 cement, 10-15 parts of sulfoaluminate cement, 2-3 parts of anhydrous sodium silicate, 0.3-0.5 parts of nanocellulose, 0.4-0.6 parts of calcium stearate, 5-7 parts of micron-sized silica fume powder, 3-4 parts of redispersible latex powder, 1-2 parts of modified aluminum powder, 0.2-0.3 parts of polycarboxylate water reducer, and 3-5 parts of silicon dioxide fine powder.

11. The radical treatment method according to claim 3, wherein: The breaking strength of the alkali-resistant and moisture-proof polymer fiber membrane is ≥700 N; the breaking elongation of the alkali-resistant and moisture-proof polymer fiber membrane is ≥30%.

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