Portable solar photovoltaic power supply fresh water collecting, conveying and purifying device

Abstract

The invention discloses a portable solar photovoltaic power supply fresh water collecting, conveying and purifying device. The device comprises an energy collecting section, an air suction section, a filtering section, a condensation section, a water collecting, conveying and exhausting section and a water storage section which are arranged in sequence, the energy collecting section is used for converting the collected light energy into electric energy to be stored in the storage battery, and the electric energy is provided for the air suction section and the condensation section; the air suction section is used for sucking moisture-containing air in the environment; the filtering section is used for filtering particulate matters in the inhaled humid air; the condensation section is used for completing condensation and water collection; the water collecting, conveying and exhausting section is used for completing separation of liquid drop airflow; the water storage section is used for completing water drop collection and storage. The hydrophilic / hydrophobic surface property is reasonably utilized, the influence of the boundary effect of the hydrophilic surface is reduced, and the problems of low water collection efficiency and small water collection amount are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of water resource recovery, in particular to a portable solar photovoltaic powered fresh water collection, transportation and purification device, and more particularly to a method for collecting and transporting fresh water by utilizing the physical properties of different effects of surface material wettability on droplets. Background Art

[0002] Water is the source of life, especially fresh water is essential to maintain human life and human health. Two-thirds of the world is experiencing a shortage of fresh water resources, especially in deserts, islands, coastal areas or salt lake coastal areas. Fresh water scarcity is becoming a major threat to the sustainable development of human society. Even in the Arab region, the price of fresh water is dozens of times higher than the price of crude oil. The fog water in the atmosphere accounts for about 10% of all fresh water resources on the earth. Fog is essentially an aerosol composed of tiny droplets suspended in the air, which will form dense fog near coastal deserts. Therefore, collecting micro-droplets in the environment can effectively utilize fresh water resources and help humans alleviate the water shortage crisis, especially in areas with fresh water scarcity.

[0003] Using condensation to collect fresh water resources from the air is a common way to collect water, but there are problems with low condensation efficiency and small amount of water collected. Common optimization methods include constructing wettability differences, such as hydrophilic and hydrophobic heterogeneous surfaces, gradient wettability surfaces, etc., which can improve the surface nucleation efficiency or enhance the surface drainage ability. However, due to the boundary effect of the hydrophilic surface, the collected droplets will be difficult to fall off due to the huge pinning resistance, which will not only greatly increase the heat transfer thermal resistance, but also slow down the collection efficiency of the droplets. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a portable solar photovoltaic powered fresh water collection, transportation and purification device, which rationally utilizes the hydrophilic / hydrophobic surface properties and reduces the influence of the hydrophilic surface boundary effect to solve the problems of low water collection efficiency and small water collection volume.

[0005] The technical solution to achieve the purpose of the present invention is:

[0006] A portable solar photovoltaic powered fresh water collection, transportation and purification device, comprising an energy collection section, an air intake section, a filtering section, a condensing section, a water collection, transportation and exhaust section and a water storage section arranged in sequence;

[0007] The energy collection section is used to convert the collected light energy into electrical energy and store it in a storage battery, thereby providing electrical energy for the air intake section and the condensation section;

[0008] The air suction section is used to suck in humid air in the environment;

[0009] The filter section is used to filter particulate matter in the inhaled humid air;

[0010] The condensation section is used to complete condensation and water collection;

[0011] The water collection and exhaust section is used to separate the liquid droplets from the airflow;

[0012] The water storage section is used to complete the storage of collected water droplets.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages:

[0014] (1) The specially designed hydrophilic / hydrophobic patterned surface can significantly reduce the impact of the hydrophilic surface boundary effect and increase the droplet shedding rate;

[0015] (2) The hydrophilic fiber filter performs secondary capture of fog water, which can capture micro droplets that are difficult to collect in the airflow, further improving the water collection efficiency;

[0016] (3) Transport and collect droplets through wettable materials to reduce the input of driving energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a stereoscopic diagram of the fresh water collecting, conveying and purifying device of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fresh water collection, transportation and purification device of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 The present invention Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram of the condensation device.

[0020] Figure 4 The present invention Figure 3 Top view of the condensation device.

[0021] Figure 5 The present invention Figure 1 Cross-section of the central cooling aluminum block fin.

[0022] Figure 6 The present invention Figure 1 Front view of the hydrophilic / hydrophobic patterned surface on the fin of the mid-cooled aluminum block.

[0023] Figure 7 (ab) are comparison diagrams of the boundary effects of a regular triangular hydrophilic track and an inverted triangular hydrophilic track according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 The present invention Figure 1 A three-dimensional image of a hydrophilic fiber filter.

[0025] Fig. 9 The present invention Figure 1 Top view of the hydrophilic fiber filter.

[0026] Fig.10 The present invention Figure 1 Front view of the hydrophilic fiber filter.

[0027] Fig.11 The present invention Figure 1 A three-dimensional view of the drain manifold.

[0028] Reference numerals:

[0029] 1. Energy collection section; 11. Solar photovoltaic cell panel; 12. Circular axis retractable bracket; 2. Air intake section; 21. Axial flow fan; 3. Filter section; 31. G4 grade plate type primary filter; 32. F5 grade plate type medium filter; 4. Condensation section; 41. Heat dissipation fins; 42. Cooling aluminum block fins; 421. Air flow condensation channel; 422. Hydrophilic tracks etched on the surface of cooling aluminum block fins; 423. Hydrophobic surface on the surface of cooling aluminum block fins; 43. Semiconductor refrigeration sheet; 44. Hydrophilic fiber filter; 5. Water collection and exhaust section; 51. Hydrophobic water collector; 52. Exhaust hole; 6. Water storage section; 61. Water storage cup. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0031] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the fresh water collection, transportation and purification device of this embodiment includes an energy collection section 1, an air intake section 2, a filtering section 3, a condensation section 4, a water collection and exhaust section 5 and a water storage section 6 which are sequentially arranged in the shell.

[0032] The energy collection section 1 includes a solar photovoltaic panel 11 and a circular axis retractable bracket 12. The solar photovoltaic panel 11 includes a solar photovoltaic panel, which converts the collected light energy into electrical energy and stores it in a battery. The battery is connected to electrical equipment such as an axial flow fan 21 and a semiconductor cooling sheet 43 by a circuit. The solar photovoltaic panel 11 is installed at the top of the water collection device and is hinged to the top of the shell through the retractable circular axis bracket 12. The inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel 11 can be manually adjusted according to the change of solar radiation intensity at different times, so that the light energy can be fully converted into electrical energy during the day, and the electrical energy can be released when needed to collect fresh water.

[0033] The fresh water collection, transportation and purification process is to inhale the humid air in the environment through the axial flow fan 21 of the air suction section 2, and then enter the filter section 3. The filter section 3 includes a plate-type primary filter 31 and a plate-type medium-efficiency filter 32. The G4-level plate-type primary filter 31 is used to filter the air with larger particle sizes of sand and dust particles in the desert area, and the F5-level plate-type medium-efficiency filter 32 is used to filter particles with smaller particle sizes. After the two-stage preliminary filtration, due to the large local resistance of the filter, the airflow velocity is reduced, so that the airflow enters the condensation section 4 more evenly. After passing through the two-stage filters 31 and 32, the airflow enters the condensation section 4. The condensation section 4 includes heat sink fins 41, cooling aluminum block fins 42, semiconductor cooling sheet 43 and hydrophilic fiber filter 44; the heat sink fins 41 are arranged at the hot end (outside) of the semiconductor cooling sheet 43, and the cooling fins 42 are attached to the cold end (inside) of the semiconductor cooling sheet 43. The introduced air flow is fully in contact with the cooling fins 42 in the condensation channel 421 for condensation. The surface of the cooling fins 42 has a special hydrophilic / hydrophobic patterned surface, which can improve the condensation and water collection efficiency. A hydrophilic fiber filter 44 is installed at the bottom of the condensation section 4, which is mainly used to capture droplets sliding down from the surface of the cooling fins 42 and micro droplets that are difficult to collect in the airflow, and plays a role of secondary capture. When a certain amount of agglomeration is reached, the droplets drip into the water collection and exhaust section 5 under the action of gravity. The water collecting and conveying exhaust section 5 includes a drain collector 51 and exhaust holes 52. A plurality of exhaust holes 52 are arranged around the shell. The remaining airflow is discharged through the exhaust holes 52 of the water collecting and conveying exhaust section 5, so the collected fresh water and air are finally separated in the water collecting and conveying exhaust section 5. The dripping droplets move to the drain collector 51 without loss under the action of gravity, and enter the water storage cup 61 through the liquid guide tube at the bottom of the drain collector 51. The water storage cup 61 can be directly taken out from the lowest opening of the shell of the device.

[0034] Figure 3 , 4 The three-dimensional view and top view of the condensation section 4 are respectively given, which mainly includes heat sink fins 41, cooling aluminum block fins 42, and semiconductor cooling fins 43. The surface of the semiconductor cooling fin 43 is coated with thermal grease, which is attached to the heat sink fins 41 and the cooling aluminum block fins 42 and fixed with screws. The heat sink fins 41 are in direct contact with the outside air and dissipate heat by natural convection. 421 represents the flow channel of the air in the condensing device, and the cooling aluminum block fins 42 are on both sides of the flow channel to ensure that the introduced air flow can be fully condensed and heat exchanged.

[0035] Figure 5 , 6The cross-sectional view and front view of the hydrophilic / hydrophobic patterned surface on the cooling aluminum block fin are respectively given. The hydrophobic surface 423 has been hydrophobized, and the surface contact angle is ≥150°. The thickness of the hydrophobic coating does not exceed 10μm, which has little effect on the condensation heat exchange effect; while the hydrophilic surface 422 is obtained by femtosecond laser etching the surface of the cooling aluminum block fin on the hydrophobic coating, with an etching depth of ≤0.1mm and a surface contact angle of ≤5°. The hydrophilic / hydrophobic patterned surface is comb-shaped, and the hydrophilic surface 422 consists of a right-placed triangular hydrophilic track in the upper half and 12 inverted triangular hydrophilic tracks arranged in parallel in the lower half, and the rest is a hydrophobic surface. The upright triangle in the upper part divides the hydrophobic surface 423 into two right-angled triangles. The function of the upright triangle in the upper part is to use the larger hydrophilic surface area to capture moisture in the humid air. However, since the hydrophilic surface has a strong adsorption force for water, it is equally important to desorb the moisture. The 12 inverted triangle hydrophilic tracks arranged in parallel in the lower part are mainly used to solve the problem of moisture desorption: as the droplets descend along the hydrophilic track under the action of gravity, the width of the hydrophilic track gradually decreases. When it reaches the bottom of the surface of the cooling aluminum block fin 42, the width of the hydrophilic track reaches the minimum value. At this time, the pinning resistance of the droplets to the hydrophilic surface is greatly reduced, making it easier to desorb and be collected under the action of gravity.

[0036] Figure 7 (a) shows that the conventional right triangle patterned hydrophilic / hydrophobic surface exhibits obvious boundary effect, which makes it difficult for droplets to desorb due to strong pinning resistance; Figure 7 (b) The inverted triangle patterned hydrophilic / hydrophobic surface of the present invention is beneficial to the desorption of droplets.

[0037] Figure 8 , 9 10 respectively show a stereoscopic view, a top view and a front view of a hydrophilic fiber filter 44, wherein the constituent fibers of the hydrophilic fiber filter all have a certain inclination angle, forming an inverted pyramid-shaped spider web-like filter structure that is slightly inclined toward the center. The inner concave surface of the hydrophilic fiber filter faces the incoming direction of the wet air flow, which is convenient for capturing micro droplets in the air flow. The inclined fibers can cause the captured droplets to gather and sweep under the action of gravity, spontaneously move to the top of the inverted pyramid, and finally drip into the hydrophobic water collector 51 under the action of gravity.

[0038] Fig.11 A three-dimensional diagram of the hydrophobic water collector is given. The hydrophobic water collector 51 is funnel-shaped with an inclination angle of 5°, which can effectively collect water droplets dripping from above; the inner surface 511 of the funnel has been hydrophobicized and has a surface contact angle of ≥160°, which can effectively prevent droplets from adhering to the inner wall of the water collector and causing waste.

[0039] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A portable solar photovoltaic powered fresh water collection, transportation and purification device, characterized in that: It includes an energy collection section, an air intake section, a filtering section, a condensing section, a water collection and exhaust section, and a water storage section which are arranged in sequence; The energy collection section is used to convert the collected light energy into electrical energy and store it in a storage battery, thereby providing electrical energy for the air intake section and the condensation section; The air suction section is used to suck in humid air in the environment; The filter section is used to filter particulate matter in the inhaled humid air; The condensation section is used to complete condensation and water collection; The water collection and exhaust section is used to separate the liquid droplets from the airflow; The water storage section is used to complete the storage of collected water droplets.

2. The portable solar photovoltaic powered fresh water collection, transportation and purification device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The condensation section includes heat dissipation fins, cooling fins, and semiconductor refrigeration sheets; The heat dissipation fins are arranged on the outside of the semiconductor refrigeration plate, and are used to conduct the heat of the semiconductor refrigeration plate to the air; the cooling fins are arranged on the inside of the semiconductor refrigeration plate, and condensation channels are arranged between the cooling fins, and are used to condense the introduced air flow through the condensation channel and the cooling fins; a hydrophilic / hydrophobic patterned surface is provided on the surface of the cooling fin, including a hydrophobic surface on the upper side of the side and a hydrophilic surface on the lower side; the hydrophilic surface consists of a right triangular hydrophilic track in the upper half and a plurality of inverted triangular hydrophilic tracks arranged in parallel in the lower half.

3. The portable solar photovoltaic powered fresh water collection, transportation and purification device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A hydrophilic fiber filter is installed at the bottom of the condensation section, which is mainly used to capture droplets sliding down from the surface of the cooling fins and micro droplets that are difficult to collect in the airflow.

4. The portable solar photovoltaic powered fresh water collection, transportation and purification device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The hydrophilic fiber filter screen forms an inverted pyramid-shaped spider web-like filter screen structure that is slightly inclined toward the center, and the inner concave surface of the hydrophilic fiber filter screen faces the incoming direction of the humid air flow.

5. The portable solar photovoltaic powered fresh water collection, transportation and purification device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The surface of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet is coated with thermal conductive silicone grease, adhered to the heat dissipation fins and the cooling aluminum block fins, and fixedly connected with fasteners.

6. The portable solar photovoltaic powered fresh water collection, transportation and purification device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The hydrophobic surface 423 is treated with hydrophobicity, the surface contact angle is ≥150°, and the thickness of the hydrophobic coating is not more than 10 μm; the hydrophilic surface 422 is obtained by etching, the etching depth is ≤0.1 mm, and the surface contact angle is ≤5°.

7. The portable solar photovoltaic powered fresh water collection, transportation and purification device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The energy collection section comprises a solar photovoltaic panel and a retractable bracket, wherein the solar photovoltaic panel is hinged to the top of the housing of the device through the retractable bracket.

8. The portable solar photovoltaic powered fresh water collection, transportation and purification device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The air suction section sucks in humid air from the environment through the axial flow fan.

9. The portable solar photovoltaic powered fresh water collection, transportation and purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter section includes a plate-type primary filter and a plate-type medium filter. The plate-type primary filter is used to filter air with larger particle sizes, and the medium filter is used to filter particulate matter with smaller particle sizes.

10. The portable solar photovoltaic powered fresh water collection, transportation and purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water collection and exhaust section includes a water trap and exhaust holes, and a plurality of exhaust holes are arranged around the shell of the device; the water trap is used to collect water drops dripping from above.

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