Household solar high-temperature heat utilization system

Abstract

The invention relates to a household solar high-temperature heat utilization system, which adopts a heat collection pipe type solar air heater, a heat conduction oil furnace for heat storage and an absorption refrigeration technology to realize efficient and flexible heat utilization of solar energy in families. The problem of incrustation in a solar water heater in which an existing heat collector directly heats water is solved, the solar water heater is convenient to install and maintain, and expected social and economic benefits are remarkable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of solar energy heat utilization, and in particular to a household solar energy high temperature heat utilization system adopting solar energy hot air device, heat transfer oil high temperature heat storage and absorption refrigerator technology. Background Art

[0002] Solar thermal applications include solar water heating, solar heating, solar cooling, solar industrial and agricultural applications, photovoltaic / thermal integration (PV / T) applications, etc. According to IEA SHC TCP statistics, in terms of system installed capacity, in 2022, the installed capacity of household solar thermal systems that provide domestic hot water or heating for single-family homes will account for about 60% of the total installed capacity of solar thermal systems worldwide. In the field of people's livelihood, solar water heating systems and solar photovoltaic power generation are its main application types.

[0003] Solar water heating system: In 2009, there were more than 3,000 solar water heating system enterprises in China, with an annual output of about 40 million square meters and a total stock of 145 million square meters, accounting for 78% and 54% of the world respectively. Hot water is mainly produced by solar collectors, and the hot water produced is basically below 100°C. If the hot water temperature is 150-200°C, the water in this temperature range must maintain a pressure of 0.5-1.6MPa if it does not boil and vaporize, and it needs to be equipped with containers and pipeline valves with higher pressure. Steam may also flash out during use, which is not convenient for actual use. The hot water produced by the solar water heating system cannot be used in a timely and complete manner, which is easy to cause waste. In addition, the scaling and leakage problems of the solar water heating system are its inherent problems.

[0004] Photovoltaic system: The efficiency of photovoltaic power generation is relatively low, because photovoltaic panels mainly absorb visible light and infrared rays in solar radiation, and have a relatively weak absorption capacity for ultraviolet and blue light. In actual applications, the conversion efficiency of crystalline silicon photovoltaic cells is only 13% to 26%. Photovoltaic power generation technology requires silicon crystal materials, and the main raw material of crystalline silicon cells is pure silicon. Its production and purification process requires multiple chemical and physical processes, which not only consumes a lot of energy, but also causes certain pollution to the environment. Moreover, photovoltaic power is an unstable power source with limited access to the Internet, and must be equipped with energy storage devices.

[0005] At present, my country is the largest producer and user of solar water heating systems and a major photovoltaic application country. How to transform from a major solar thermal utilization country to a strong solar thermal utilization country, overcome the problems existing in the existing solar water heating utilization system and photovoltaic system, timely, efficiently and flexibly utilize the heat obtained by solar collectors, avoid the loss of solar heat in the photovoltaic conversion process, store and utilize the heat obtained in the photothermal conversion process in a simple and convenient way, eliminate the heat waste and scaling problems caused by the existing solar water heating system when the hot water cannot be used, and reasonably apply it to family life, is worthy of in-depth study. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the household applications of the existing solar water heating system and photovoltaic system, and to utilize the solar energy heat collector and thermal oil heat storage technology to collect, store and supply heat from the solar energy, giving full play to the characteristics of the thermal oil as a "low pressure and high temperature" and high-quality heat storage and heat supply medium, and utilizing the thermal oil with heat storage to drive the absorption refrigeration mechanism for cooling, thereby ultimately realizing the long-term and efficient thermal utilization of solar energy in the household.

[0007] A household solar high temperature heat utilization system, comprising: Solar thermal air generator 7, recovers heat from solar energy, The thermal oil tank 1 is used as a heat storage device for heat storage. The thermal oil pump 17 is used to pressurize and transport the thermal oil. The heat storage heat exchanger 14 converts the heat of the hot gas into the heat transfer oil. Absorption refrigerator is used to absorb the heat of thermal oil and realize the refrigeration cycle of refrigerant. The gas coming out of the heat storage heat exchanger 14 returns to the solar heat air heater 7 through the circulation fan 4 and the return air pipeline 5, absorbs solar heat through the heat collecting pipe in the solar heat air heater 7, and is then transported to the heat storage heat exchanger 14; or the gas coming out of the heat storage heat exchanger 14 returns to the solar heat air heater 7 through the return air pipeline 5, absorbs solar heat through the heat collecting pipe in the solar heat air heater 7, and is then transported to the heat storage heat exchanger 14 through the ventilator 13, thereby forming a solar heat recovery and heat release circulation loop for the gas; The heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil tank 1 is pressurized by the heat transfer oil pump 17 and sent to the heat storage heat exchanger 14 to exchange heat with the hot air sent by the solar hot air device 7. The temperature of the heat transfer oil is increased and returned to the heat transfer oil tank 1 through the heat storage heat transfer oil return pipeline 34, thereby forming a heat storage circulation loop of the heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil tank 1. The absorption refrigerator comprises: Generator 23, condenser 24, evaporator 25, absorber 21 and solution pump 22, The heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil tank 1 enters the heat transfer oil pump 17 for pressure increase, and the pressure-increased heat transfer oil is delivered to the generator 23 of the absorption refrigerator to heat the concentrated solution of the refrigerant in the generator 23, and then returns to the heat transfer oil tank 1 through the return heat transfer oil pipeline 33, thereby forming a heat supply circulation loop for the heat transfer oil stored in the heat transfer oil tank 1. The high-temperature gaseous refrigerant 31 generated by the heat transfer oil heating the concentrated solution of the refrigerant in the generator 23 enters the evaporator 25 through the condenser 24 and the throttle valve F10, absorbs the heat of the cooling medium sent by the cold unit 27, and the low-temperature gaseous refrigerant 32 generated by evaporation in the evaporator 25 returns to the absorber 21, contacts with the dilute solution of the refrigerant formed in the generator 23 sent from the dilute solution regulating valve F9, and forms a concentrated solution of the refrigerant. The concentrated solution of the refrigerant in the absorber 21 is then returned to the generator 23 through the solution pump 22, thereby forming a refrigerant circulation loop of the absorption refrigerator. The cooling medium coming out of the cooling unit 27 is pressurized by the cooling medium booster 28 and then sent to the evaporator 25 to absorb the cold released by the evaporation of the liquid refrigerant in the evaporator 25. The cooling medium with the absorbed cold and lowered temperature returns to the cooling unit 27 for cooling. Alternatively, the cooling medium coming out of the cooling unit 27 enters the evaporator 25 to absorb the cold released by the evaporation of the liquid refrigerant in the evaporator 25. The cooling medium with the absorbed cold and lowered temperature returns to the cooling unit 27 for cooling, thereby forming a cooling medium circulation loop in which the cooling medium is charged with cold and then supplies cold to the cooling unit 27.

[0008] The cooling unit 27 refers to a cooling place in a home, such as a room cooling or a refrigerator cooling.

[0009] The cooling medium of the condenser 24 and the absorber 21 is air, water, sodium chloride in water liquid or ethylene glycol in water liquid, for example, Figure 1 As shown, the cooling medium sent by the cooling medium booster 39 through the condenser 24 cools the high-temperature gaseous refrigerant 31, absorbs the heat of the high-temperature gaseous refrigerant 31, and the formed high-temperature cooling medium is discharged. The high-temperature gaseous refrigerant 31 condenses to form a liquid refrigerant and is sent to the evaporator 25. In the absorber 21, the refrigerant from the dilute solution regulating valve F9 absorbs the low-temperature gaseous refrigerant 32 into the dilute solution to form a refrigerant-concentrated solution, and the released heat is removed by the cooling medium sent by the cooling medium booster 39, and the formed high-temperature cooling medium is discharged; When the cooling medium is air, the cooling medium booster 39 is a fan, and an open cycle is adopted. The air is sent to the condenser 24 and the absorber 21 through the cooling medium booster 39, and the heat released when the high-temperature gaseous refrigerant 31 of the condenser 24 is condensed is absorbed, and the heat released when the refrigerant of the absorber 21 absorbs the dilute solution to form the low-temperature gaseous refrigerant 32 to form the refrigerant to form the concentrated solution is formed, and the high-temperature absorber outlet cooling medium 41 and the condenser outlet cooling medium 42 are discharged; When the cooling medium is liquid, the cooling medium booster 39 is a liquid circulation pump. The cooling medium is sent to the condenser 24 and the absorber 21 through the cooling medium booster 39 to absorb the heat released when the high-temperature gaseous refrigerant 31 of the condenser 24 is condensed, and the heat released when the refrigerant of the absorber 21 absorbs the dilute solution to form the low-temperature gaseous refrigerant 32 to form the refrigerant to the concentrated solution. The high-temperature absorber outlet cooling medium 41 and condenser outlet cooling medium 42 are formed, enter the cooling tower 43 for cooling, and then return to the cooling medium booster 39, thereby forming a cooling medium circulation loop.

[0010] The absorption refrigerator selects a corresponding absorption refrigerator refrigerant pair, including but not limited to ammonia-water, ammonia-sodium thiocyanate solution, the refrigerant pair provided by CN202210567342.6 (dimethyl ether-ionic liquid refrigerant), the refrigerant pair provided by CN202211615323.2 (R134a-DMETG solution), or the refrigerant pair provided by CN202310535508.0 (ammonia-ionic liquid refrigerant).

[0011] An oil heater 49 is provided: The oil heater 49 includes a heating element 50. The heat-conducting oil in the heat-conducting oil tank 1 enters the heat-conducting oil pump 18 for pressure increase, and the pressurized heat-conducting oil is transported to the oil heater 49. The heating is completed by the heating element 50 (for example, a heating element made of a flat hollow cavity structure, a jacketed hollow cavity structure or a square tube coil of a hollow cavity, etc.) to heat water, cook meals, make porridge, stir-fry vegetables, etc. The heat-conducting oil coming out of the oil heater 49 returns to the heat-conducting oil tank 1, thereby forming an energy release loop for the heat-storing heat-conducting oil in the heat-conducting oil tank 1.

[0012] The oil heater 49 includes an oil-heating kettle, an oil-heating rice cooker, an oil-heating cooking pot, an oil-heating frying pan, an oil-heating air heater, and the like.

[0013] When the temperature of the high-temperature heat-conducting oil stored in the heat-conducting oil tank 1 is higher than 140°C, it can meet the heating temperature requirements for boiling water, steaming rice, cooking rice, and making porridge. The functional design of the oil-heating kettle, oil-heating rice cooker, oil-heating steaming pot, oil-heating frying pan, etc. can refer to the functional settings of the corresponding electric heating equipment. Preferably, the contact part of the oil heater 49 and the heating element 50 adopts the same structural design, thereby enhancing the flexibility and versatility of the use of the heating element 50 and the cooker.

[0014] A supplementary heat device 46 is provided: the supplementary heat device 46 is arranged between the outlet of the solar hot air device 7 and the heat storage heat exchanger 14, and adopts electric heating, compressed air heat, fuel combustion heat, etc. to supplement the heat required for the drying chamber 6 and the thermal oil tank 1. For example, the supplementary heat medium 47 adopts the hot air 47 formed by the combustion of natural gas, which enters the supplementary heat device 46 to heat the air sent by the solar hot air device 7, and the low-temperature flue gas formed is discharged, that is, the discharge supplementary heat medium 48 is discharged; or the supplementary heat device 46 is arranged between the thermal oil pump 17 and the thermal oil tank 1. For example, the supplementary heat medium 47 adopts the hot air 47 formed by the combustion of natural gas, which enters the supplementary heat device 46 to heat the thermal oil sent by the thermal oil pump 17, and the low-temperature flue gas formed is discharged, that is, the discharge supplementary heat medium 48 is discharged, and the heated thermal oil returns to the thermal oil tank 1.

[0015] The heat collecting pipe of the solar thermal air heater 7 includes but is not limited to a through heat collecting pipe 10, a heat pipe 72 or a single-pass heat collecting pipe.

[0016] When the solar thermal air heater 7 uses a through heat collecting pipe 10, the through heat collecting pipe 10 can be connected in series, in parallel or in series and in parallel: For example, Figure 1 As shown, a plurality of through heat collecting tubes 10 are used in parallel, and two groups of solar hot air heaters 7 (double header hot air heaters) are used in series. The solar hot air heater 7 comprises a left header 8, a right header 9, and a through heat collecting tube 10. A plurality of through heat collecting tubes 10 in parallel are arranged between the left header 8 and the right header 9. The through heat collecting tubes 10 absorb the heat of solar energy and heat the gas entering the right header 9. The generated high-temperature gas is drawn out from the left header 8, transported to the heat storage heat exchanger 14 to heat the heat transfer oil, and then returned to the right header 9, thereby forming a gas closed-loop circulation loop of the through heat collecting tube type solar hot air heater 7; the outlet hot air of one group of solar hot air heaters 7 is used in series as the inlet gas of another group of solar hot air heaters; For example, Figure 1 As shown, multiple through-collecting tubes 10 are used in series and two groups of solar thermal air heaters 7 (trough-type thermal air heaters) are used in series. The solar thermal air heater 7 includes a trough-type collector 37, a concentrating plate 38 and a through-collecting tube 10. Gas enters the multiple through-collecting tubes 10 connected in series. The through-collecting tubes 10 absorb the heat of the solar energy and heat the incoming gas. The generated high-temperature gas is drawn out and used in series as the incoming gas of another group of solar thermal air heaters.

[0017] Preferably, the through-tube heat collecting tube 10 adopts a vacuum collector, the inner layer of the heat collecting tube is a stainless steel tube, the outer layer is a glass tube plus metal bellows at both ends, and the outer surface of the inner tube is coated with a selective absorption coating to achieve maximum absorption rate of direct solar radiation and minimum infrared wave re-radiation.

[0018] When the solar heat air device 7 adopts a heat pipe type heat collecting tube, as shown in the attached Figure 2 As shown, the outer surface of the heat pipe 72 in the vacuum glass tube 71 is coated with a selective absorption coating, which is the evaporation part of the heat pipe 72. The part of the heat pipe 72 extending into the manifold 74 is the condensation part of the heat pipe 72, which absorbs the heat of the solar energy and is used to heat the gas 75 entering the manifold.

[0019] When the solar heat air device 7 adopts a single-pass heat collecting tube, as shown in the attached Figure 3 As shown, the single-pass heat collecting tube adopts a vacuum glass tube type, the inner tube 81 of the single-pass heat collecting tube, the air intake main pipe 80 and the air intake branch pipe 81 are preferably made of stainless steel, and the outer surface of the inner tube 78 of the single-pass heat collecting tube is coated with a selective absorption coating. The air intake 75 of the solar heat heater 7 enters the air intake main pipe 80, enters the bottom of the inner tube 81 of the single-pass heat collecting tube through the air intake branch pipe 81, and flows into the inner tube 81 of the single-pass heat collecting tube to absorb the heat of the solar energy. The generated hot gas enters the header 74 to form the hot air outlet 76 of the solar heat heater 7.

[0020] The circulating fan 4 is provided with an adjusting damper 3 for adjusting the air supply volume of the circulating fan 4 .

[0021] The ventilator 13 is provided with a hot air regulating damper 12 for adjusting the air supply volume of the ventilator 13 .

[0022] The circulating fan 4 and the ventilator 13 are substantially the same, and the names are only used to distinguish them.

[0023] The circulating fan 4 or the ventilator 13 is a centrifugal, axial flow, screw or vortex fan.

[0024] The solar heat generator 7 is provided with necessary support rods or support frames to securely, stably and effectively fix the solar heat generator to avoid tipping accidents caused by strong winds.

[0025] The inlet pipeline of the thermal oil pump 17 is provided with a filter for filtering solid impurity particles in the thermal oil in the inlet pipeline.

[0026] The heat transfer oil tank 1 in the heat transfer oil system plays the role of oil and gas separation, buffering, heat storage and storage, and insulation measures need to be taken.

[0027] The heat transfer oil system is provided with necessary exhaust valves and safety valves.

[0028] The thermal oil tank 1 adopts a horizontal or vertical structure, preferably a vertical structure, which facilitates the compact arrangement of the system.

[0029] The valve names in this application are only used for distinction, and some of the actual functions are the same.

[0030] The circulating fan 4 or the ventilator 13 adopts a variable frequency speed regulation operation mode, and flexibly adjusts the air supply volume and air supply pressure when the sunshine and heating conditions change.

[0031] The absorption refrigerator of this system can adopt measures such as cooling, heat recovery and distillation.

[0032] The heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil tank 1 of the present application can also be used as a heat source to drive an adsorption refrigerator for cooling, thereby realizing high-temperature, efficient and flexible heat utilization of solar energy.

[0033] Pipes, instruments, valves, regulating bypasses, etc. not described in this application are matched with mature technologies in known organic heat carrier boilers, solar water heating projects, heat exchangers, and absorption refrigerators.

[0034] Parts not mentioned in this application, such as safety accessories, interlocking protection devices and automatic control, are equipped with existing known technologies.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. Compared with the existing technology, the present invention eliminates the problem of low heat utilization efficiency of the existing solar water heating system and photovoltaic utilization system. It uses the solar hot air device to safely and efficiently recover solar heat and store heat in the heat transfer oil. The heat transfer oil at nearly normal pressure and high temperature can facilitate household users to make timely, flexible and efficient heat utilization, and has unparalleled advantages over the hot water recovery system. In the rainy period, the heat can be supplemented conveniently through the supplementary heat device; 2. Compared with the existing technology, the present invention uses solar hot air generators to safely and efficiently recover solar heat and store heat in heat transfer oil, and then uses the stored heat transfer oil to drive the absorption refrigerator for cooling and cold supply, which is convenient for users to use cold in a timely, flexible and efficient manner; 3. Compared with the existing solar water heater technology that directly heats water with heat collecting tubes, since the heat collecting tubes pass through gas, dust is not easy to accumulate, and the heat collecting tubes have high heat transfer efficiency. Unlike the heat collecting tubes that directly heat water, scale is not generated, which affects the heat exchange effect and then blocks the heat collecting tubes. The maintenance cost is extremely low and the operation cycle is greatly extended. In winter, unlike the heat collecting tubes that directly heat water, there will be no ice blockage of the water supply pipeline due to low temperature, and cracking and leakage at the connection between the heat collecting tank and the heat collecting tube; 4. Compared with the existing technology, the oil heater heated by the thermal oil can be conveniently used by the family for boiling water, cooking, making dishes, making porridge and as a heat source for hot air blowers, etc., to realize the high-temperature heat utilization of solar energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a household solar high temperature heat utilization system of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 1 Middle: 1-thermal oil tank, 2-gas space of thermal oil tank, 3-adjusting damper, 4-circulating fan, 5-return air duct, 7-solar heat heater, 8-left header, 9-right header, 10-through collector, 12-hot air measuring damper, 13-ventilator, 14-heat storage heat exchanger, 16-pressure gauge, 17-thermal oil pump, 21-absorber, 22-solution pump, 23-generator, 24-condenser, 25-evaporator, 26-cooling medium pipeline, 27-cold unit, 28-cooling medium booster (when the cooling medium is liquid, it is the cooling medium circulation pump; when the cooling medium is gas, it is the cooling medium circulation fan), 29-concentrated solution pipeline, 30-dilute solution pipeline, 31-high temperature gaseous refrigerant, 32-low temperature gaseous refrigerant, 33-return thermal oil pipeline, 34-heat storage heat exchanger Oil return pipeline, 35-heat storage hot air return pipeline, 37-trough collector, 38-condensing plate, 39-cooling medium booster (when the cooling medium is liquid, it is a cooling medium circulation pump; when the cooling medium is air, it is a blower), 40-cooling medium, 41-absorber outlet cooling medium, 42-condenser outlet cooling medium, 43-cooling tower, 44-enhanced heat and moisture exchange element, 45-cooling tower fan, 46-supplementary heat device, 47-supplementary heat medium, 48-discharge supplementary heat medium, 49-oil heater, 50-heating element; F1 to F5, F7 to F10, F13 to F16, F18 are valves, among which: F2-discharge valve, F3-safety valve, F4-pressure gauge valve, F9-dilute solution regulating valve, F10-throttle valve, F18-exhaust valve, and the remaining valves are regulating valves or stop valves.

[0038] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat pipe type solar heat air device in the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 In the figure: 7-solar heat heater, 71-vacuum glass tube, 72-heat pipe, 73-sealing plug, 74-header, 75-air inlet of solar heat heater 7, 76-air outlet of solar heat heater 7.

[0040] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single-pass heat collecting tube type solar thermal air heater in the present invention.

[0041] Figure 3In the figure: 7-solar heat heater, 71-vacuum glass tube, 74-header, 75-air inlet of solar heat heater 7, 76-air outlet of solar heat heater 7, 78-inner tube of single-pass heat collecting tube, 79-sealing plug, 80-air inlet main pipe, 81-air inlet branch pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0043] Embodiment 1: As attached Figure 1 As shown, a household solar high temperature heat utilization system comprises: Solar thermal air generator 7, recovers heat from solar energy, The thermal oil tank 1 is used as a heat storage device for heat storage. The thermal oil pump 17 is used to pressurize and transport the thermal oil. The heat storage heat exchanger 14 converts the heat of the hot gas into the heat transfer oil. Absorption refrigerator is used to absorb the heat of thermal oil and realize the refrigeration cycle of refrigerant. The gas coming out of the heat storage heat exchanger 14 returns to the solar heat air heater 7 through the circulation fan 4 and the return air pipeline 5, absorbs solar heat through the heat collecting pipe in the solar heat air heater 7, and is then transported to the heat storage heat exchanger 14; or the gas coming out of the heat storage heat exchanger 14 returns to the solar heat air heater 7 through the return air pipeline 5, absorbs solar heat through the heat collecting pipe in the solar heat air heater 7, and is then transported to the heat storage heat exchanger 14 through the ventilator 13, thereby forming a solar heat recovery and heat release circulation loop for the gas; The heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil tank 1 is pressurized by the heat transfer oil pump 17 and sent to the heat storage heat exchanger 14 to exchange heat with the hot air sent by the solar hot air device 7. The temperature of the heat transfer oil is increased and returned to the heat transfer oil tank 1 through the heat storage heat transfer oil return pipeline 34, thereby forming a heat storage circulation loop of the heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil tank 1. The absorption refrigerator comprises: Generator 23, condenser 24, evaporator 25, absorber 21 and solution pump 22, The heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil tank 1 enters the heat transfer oil pump 17 for pressure increase, and the pressure-increased heat transfer oil is delivered to the generator 23 of the absorption refrigerator to heat the concentrated solution of the refrigerant in the generator 23, and then returns to the heat transfer oil tank 1 through the return heat transfer oil pipeline 33, thereby forming a heat supply circulation loop for the heat transfer oil stored in the heat transfer oil tank 1. The high-temperature gaseous refrigerant 31 generated by the heat transfer oil heating the concentrated solution of the refrigerant in the generator 23 enters the evaporator 25 through the condenser 24 and the throttle valve F10, absorbs the heat of the cooling medium sent by the cold unit 27, and the low-temperature gaseous refrigerant 32 generated by evaporation in the evaporator 25 returns to the absorber 21, contacts with the dilute solution of the refrigerant formed in the generator 23 sent from the dilute solution regulating valve F9, and forms a concentrated solution of the refrigerant. The concentrated solution of the refrigerant in the absorber 21 is then returned to the generator 23 through the solution pump 22, thereby forming a refrigerant circulation loop of the absorption refrigerator. The cooling medium coming out of the cooling unit 27 is pressurized by the cooling medium booster 28 and then sent to the evaporator 25 to absorb the cold released by the evaporation of the liquid refrigerant in the evaporator 25. The cooling medium with the absorbed cold and lowered temperature returns to the cooling unit 27 for cooling. Alternatively, the cooling medium coming out of the cooling unit 27 enters the evaporator 25 to absorb the cold released by the evaporation of the liquid refrigerant in the evaporator 25. The cooling medium with the absorbed cold and lowered temperature returns to the cooling unit 27 for cooling, thereby forming a cooling medium circulation loop in which the cooling medium is charged with cold and then supplies cold to the cooling unit 27.

[0044] The cooling unit 27 refers to a cooling place in a home, such as a room cooling or a refrigerator cooling.

[0045] The cooling medium of the condenser 24 and the absorber 21 is air, water, sodium chloride in water liquid or ethylene glycol in water liquid, for example, Figure 1 As shown, the cooling medium sent by the cooling medium booster 39 through the condenser 24 cools the high-temperature gaseous refrigerant 31, absorbs the heat of the high-temperature gaseous refrigerant 31, and the formed high-temperature cooling medium is discharged. The high-temperature gaseous refrigerant 31 condenses to form a liquid refrigerant and is sent to the evaporator 25. In the absorber 21, the refrigerant from the dilute solution regulating valve F9 absorbs the low-temperature gaseous refrigerant 32 into the dilute solution to form a refrigerant-concentrated solution, and the released heat is removed by the cooling medium sent by the cooling medium booster 39, and the formed high-temperature cooling medium is discharged; When the cooling medium is air, the cooling medium booster 39 is a fan, and an open cycle is adopted. The air is sent to the condenser 24 and the absorber 21 through the cooling medium booster 39, and the heat released when the high-temperature gaseous refrigerant 31 of the condenser 24 is condensed is absorbed, and the heat released when the refrigerant of the absorber 21 absorbs the dilute solution to form the low-temperature gaseous refrigerant 32 to form the refrigerant to form the concentrated solution is formed, and the high-temperature absorber outlet cooling medium 41 and the condenser outlet cooling medium 42 are discharged; When the cooling medium is liquid, the cooling medium booster 39 is a liquid circulation pump. The cooling medium is sent to the condenser 24 and the absorber 21 through the cooling medium booster 39 to absorb the heat released when the high-temperature gaseous refrigerant 31 of the condenser 24 is condensed, and the heat released when the refrigerant of the absorber 21 absorbs the dilute solution to form the low-temperature gaseous refrigerant 32 to form the refrigerant to the concentrated solution. The high-temperature absorber outlet cooling medium 41 and condenser outlet cooling medium 42 are formed, enter the cooling tower 43 for cooling, and then return to the cooling medium booster 39, thereby forming a cooling medium circulation loop.

[0046] The cooling medium of the condenser 24 and the absorber 21 is water, for example Figure 1 As shown, the cooling medium is sent to the condenser 24 and the absorber 21 through the cooling medium booster 39, and absorbs the heat released when the high-temperature gaseous refrigerant 31 of the condenser 24 is condensed, and the heat released when the refrigerant of the absorber 21 absorbs the dilute solution to absorb the low-temperature gaseous refrigerant 32 to form a concentrated solution. The high-temperature absorber outlet cooling medium 41 and condenser outlet cooling medium 42 are formed, enter the cooling tower 43 for cooling, and then return to the cooling medium booster 39, thereby forming a cooling medium circulation loop.

[0047] The cooling tower 43 includes an enhanced heat and moisture exchange element 44, an air intake louver, a cooling tower fan 45, and the like.

[0048] The absorption refrigerator selects ammonia-water or ammonia-sodium thiocyanate solution as the refrigerant pair.

[0049] An oil heater 49 is provided: The oil heater 49 includes a heating element 50. The heat-conducting oil in the heat-conducting oil tank 1 enters the heat-conducting oil pump 18 for pressure increase, and the pressurized heat-conducting oil is transported to the oil heater 49. The heating is completed by the heating element 50 (for example, a heating element made of a flat hollow cavity structure, a jacketed hollow cavity structure or a square tube coil of a hollow cavity, etc.) to heat water, cook meals, make porridge, stir-fry vegetables, etc. The heat-conducting oil coming out of the oil heater 49 returns to the heat-conducting oil tank 1, thereby forming an energy release loop for the heat-storing heat-conducting oil in the heat-conducting oil tank 1.

[0050] The oil heater 49 includes an oil-heating kettle, an oil-heating rice cooker, an oil-heating cooking pot, an oil-heating frying pan, an oil-heating air heater, and the like.

[0051] When the temperature of the high-temperature heat-conducting oil stored in the heat-conducting oil tank 1 is higher than 140°C, it can meet the heating temperature requirements for boiling water, steaming rice, cooking rice, and making porridge. The functional design of the oil-heating kettle, oil-heating rice cooker, oil-heating steaming pot, oil-heating frying pan, etc. can refer to the functional settings of the corresponding electric heating equipment. Preferably, the contact part of the oil heater 49 and the heating element 50 adopts the same structural design, thereby enhancing the flexibility and versatility of the use of the heating element 50 and the cooker.

[0052] A supplementary heat device 46 is provided: the supplementary heat device 46 is arranged between the thermal oil pump 17 and the thermal oil tank 1. For example, the supplementary heat medium 47 adopts hot air 47 formed by the combustion of natural gas, enters the supplementary heat device 46 to heat the thermal oil delivered by the thermal oil pump 17, and the formed low-temperature flue gas is discharged as the discharge supplementary heat medium 48, and the heated thermal oil returns to the thermal oil tank 1.

[0053] The heat collecting tube of the solar thermal air heater 7 adopts a through heat collecting tube 10, and the through heat collecting tube 10 is connected in series, parallel or series-parallel mode: For example, Figure 1 As shown, a plurality of through heat collecting tubes 10 are used in parallel, and two groups of solar hot air heaters 7 (double header hot air heaters) are used in series. The solar hot air heater 7 comprises a left header 8, a right header 9, and a through heat collecting tube 10. A plurality of through heat collecting tubes 10 in parallel are arranged between the left header 8 and the right header 9. The through heat collecting tubes 10 absorb the heat of solar energy and heat the gas entering the right header 9. The generated high-temperature gas is drawn out from the left header 8, transported to the heat storage heat exchanger 14 to heat the heat transfer oil, and then returned to the right header 9, thereby forming a gas closed-loop circulation loop of the through heat collecting tube type solar hot air heater 7; the outlet hot air of one group of solar hot air heaters 7 is used in series as the inlet gas of another group of solar hot air heaters; For example, Figure 1 As shown, multiple through-collecting tubes 10 are used in series and two groups of solar thermal air heaters 7 (trough-type thermal air heaters) are used in series. The solar thermal air heater 7 includes a trough-type collector 37, a concentrating plate 38 and a through-collecting tube 10. Gas enters the multiple through-collecting tubes 10 connected in series. The through-collecting tubes 10 absorb the heat of the solar energy and heat the incoming gas. The generated high-temperature gas is drawn out and used in series as the incoming gas of another group of solar thermal air heaters.

[0054] Preferably, the through-tube heat collecting tube 10 adopts a vacuum collector, the inner layer of the heat collecting tube is a stainless steel tube, the outer layer is a glass tube plus metal bellows at both ends, and the outer surface of the inner tube is coated with a selective absorption coating to achieve maximum absorption rate of direct solar radiation and minimum infrared wave re-radiation.

[0055] The circulating fan 4 is provided with an adjusting damper 3 for adjusting the air supply volume of the circulating fan 4 .

[0056] The ventilator 13 is provided with a hot air regulating damper 12 for adjusting the air supply volume of the ventilator 13 .

[0057] The circulating fan 4 and the ventilator 13 are substantially the same, and the names are only used to distinguish them.

[0058] The circulating fan 4 or the ventilator 13 is a centrifugal, axial flow, screw or vortex fan.

[0059] The solar heat generator 7 is provided with necessary support rods or support frames to securely, stably and effectively fix the solar heat generator to avoid tipping accidents caused by strong winds.

[0060] The inlet pipeline of the thermal oil pump 17 is provided with a filter for filtering solid impurity particles in the thermal oil in the inlet pipeline.

[0061] The heat transfer oil tank 1 in the heat transfer oil system plays the role of oil and gas separation, buffering, heat storage and storage, and insulation measures need to be taken.

[0062] The heat transfer oil system is provided with necessary exhaust valves and safety valves.

[0063] The thermal oil tank 1 adopts a vertical structure, which facilitates the compact arrangement of the system.

[0064] The circulating fan 4 or the ventilator 13 adopts a variable frequency speed regulation operation mode, and flexibly adjusts the air supply volume and air supply pressure when the sunshine and heating conditions change.

[0065] The absorption refrigerator of this system can adopt measures such as cooling, heat recovery and distillation.

[0066] Pipes, instruments, valves, regulating bypasses, etc. not described in this application are matched with reference to mature technologies in known organic heat carrier boilers, solar water heating projects, and absorption chillers.

[0067] Parts not mentioned in this application, such as safety accessories, interlocking protection devices and automatic control, are equipped with existing known technologies.

[0068] Although the present invention has been disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, they are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the art can make various changes or modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which also belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the definition of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A household solar high temperature heat utilization system, characterized in that: include: The solar thermal air generator (7) recovers heat from solar energy. The thermal oil tank (1) serves as a heat storage device for storing heat. The heat transfer oil pump (17) is used to pressurize and transport the heat transfer oil. The heat storage heat exchanger (14) converts the heat of the hot gas into the heat transfer oil. Absorption refrigerator is used to absorb the heat of thermal oil and realize the refrigeration cycle of refrigerant. The gas coming out of the heat storage heat exchanger (14) returns to the solar heat generator (7) through the circulation fan (4) and the return air pipeline (5), absorbs solar heat through the heat collecting pipe in the solar heat generator (7), and is then transported to the heat storage heat exchanger (14); or the gas coming out of the heat storage heat exchanger (14) returns to the solar heat generator (7) through the return air pipeline (5), absorbs solar heat through the heat collecting pipe in the solar heat generator (7), and is then transported to the heat storage heat exchanger (14) through the ventilator (13), thereby forming a solar heat recovery and heat release circulation loop for the gas; The heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil tank (1) is pressurized by a heat transfer oil pump (17) and sent to a heat storage heat exchanger (14) to exchange heat with hot air sent by a solar hot air generator (7). The heat transfer oil with increased temperature returns to the heat transfer oil tank (1) through a heat storage heat transfer oil return pipeline (34), thereby forming a heat storage circulation loop of the heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil tank (1). The absorption refrigerator comprises: Generator (23), condenser (24), evaporator (25), absorber (21) and solution pump (22), The heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil tank (1) enters the heat transfer oil pump (17) for pressure increase, and the pressurized heat transfer oil is delivered to the generator (23) to heat the concentrated solution of the refrigerant in the generator (23), and then returns to the heat transfer oil tank (1) through the return heat transfer oil pipeline (33), thereby forming a heat supply circulation loop for the heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil tank (1). The high-temperature gaseous refrigerant (31) generated by the heat transfer oil heating the concentrated solution of the refrigerant pair in the generator (23) enters the evaporator (25) through the condenser (24) and the throttle valve F10, absorbs the heat of the cooling medium sent by the cold unit (27), and the low-temperature gaseous refrigerant (32) generated by evaporation in the evaporator (25) returns to the absorber (21), contacts with the dilute solution of the refrigerant pair formed in the generator (23) sent from the dilute solution regulating valve F9, and forms a concentrated solution of the refrigerant pair. The concentrated solution of the refrigerant pair in the absorber (21) then returns to the generator (23) through the solution pump (22), thereby forming a refrigerant circulation loop of the absorption refrigerator. The cooling medium from the cold unit (27) is pressurized by the cooling medium booster (28) and then sent to the evaporator (25) to absorb the cold released by the evaporation of the liquid refrigerant in the evaporator (25). The cooling medium that has absorbed the cold and whose temperature has been lowered returns to the cold unit (27) for cooling. Alternatively, the cooling medium from the cold unit (27) enters the evaporator (25) to absorb the cold released by the evaporation of the liquid refrigerant in the evaporator (25). The cooling medium that has absorbed the cold and whose temperature has been lowered returns to the cold unit (27) for cooling. Thus, a cooling medium circulation loop is formed in which the cooling medium is charged with cold and then supplies cold to the cold unit (27).

2. The household solar high temperature heat utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The refrigerant pair selected by the absorption refrigerator includes ammonia-water, ammonia-sodium thiocyanate solution, the refrigerant pair provided by CN202210567342.6 (dimethyl ether-ionic liquid refrigerant), the refrigerant pair provided by CN202211615323.2 (R134a-DMETG solution), or the refrigerant pair provided by CN202310535508.0 (ammonia-ionic liquid refrigerant).

3. The household solar high temperature heat utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: With oil heater (49): The oil heater (49) comprises a heating element (50). The heat-conducting oil in the heat-conducting oil tank (1) enters the heat-conducting oil pump (17) to be pressurized. The pressurized heat-conducting oil is transported to the oil heater (49) and heated by the heating element (50). The heat-conducting oil coming out of the oil heater (49) returns to the heat-conducting oil tank (1), thereby forming an energy release circuit for the heat-conducting oil stored in the heat-conducting oil tank (1).

4. The household solar high temperature heat utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A supplementary heater (46) is provided: The reheater (46) is arranged between the solar hot air device (7) and the heat storage heat exchanger (14), and uses electric heating, compressed air heat, or fuel combustion heat to heat the gas, thereby replenishing the heat required by the thermal oil tank (1); or the reheater (46) is arranged between the thermal oil pump (17) and the thermal oil tank (1), thereby replenishing the heat required by the thermal oil tank (1).

5. The household solar high temperature heat utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat collecting tube of the solar thermal air heater (7) comprises a through heat collecting tube (10), a heat pipe (72) or a single-pass heat collecting tube.

6. The household solar high temperature heat utilization system according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the solar thermal air heater (7) adopts a through heat collecting tube (10), the through heat collecting tube (10) is connected in series, in parallel or in series-parallel.

7. The household solar high temperature heat utilization system according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the solar hot air heater (7) adopts a heat pipe type heat collecting tube, the outer surface of the heat pipe (72) in the vacuum glass tube (71) is coated with a selective absorption coating, which is the evaporation part of the heat pipe (72), and the part of the heat pipe (72) extending into the header (74) is the condensation part of the heat pipe (72), which absorbs the heat of the solar energy and is used to heat the gas (75) entering the header.

8. The household solar high temperature heat utilization system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The solar thermal air heater (7) adopts a single-pass heat collecting tube, which adopts a three-tube structure, including a vacuum glass tube (77), an inner tube (78), an air intake branch tube (81), a sealing member (79), an air intake main tube (80) and a header (74). The outer surface of the inner tube (78) of the single-pass heat collecting tube is coated with a selective absorption coating. The gas is pressurized by the circulation fan (4) and enters the air intake main tube (80), and then is divided and enters the air intake branch tube (81). ) at the bottom of the inner tube (78) of the single-pass heat collecting tube, refluxes and enters the inner tube (78) of the single-pass heat collecting tube, absorbs the heat of the solar energy, and the generated hot gas enters the header (74) to form hot air (76) for output; or the gas enters the air intake main pipe (80), and then flows into the air intake branch pipe (81), at the bottom of the inner tube (78) of the single-pass heat collecting tube, refluxes and enters the inner tube (78) of the single-pass heat collecting tube, absorbs the heat of the solar energy, and the generated hot gas enters the header (74) to form hot air (76) for output through suction by the ventilator (13).

9. The household solar high temperature heat utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circulating fan (4) or ventilator (13) is a centrifugal, axial flow, screw or vortex fan.

10. The household solar high temperature heat utilization system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil tank (1) is used as a heat source to drive the adsorption refrigerator to cool.

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