Capacitor charging and discharging type initiating explosive device ignition control system and ignition method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electrical systems, in particular to a capacitor charging and discharging type initiating explosive device ignition control system and an ignition method. According to the invention, false triggering during resetting of the MCU system can be effectively prevented, the problem of misconduction caused by inter-electrode stray capacitance at the moment of electrification of the MOS tube is prevented, and meanwhile, the action time of the initiating explosive device is measured, so that the whole ignition device is more miniaturized and portable. Ignition current is provided for the initiating explosive device in the mode that the boosting module is combined with capacitor charging and discharging, the requirements for the discharging current and the size of a battery are lowered, the size of the whole system device is smaller, meanwhile, charging and discharging of the capacitor and on-off of an ignition circuit are controlled through two sets of normally-open contacts of the relay, rapid response of ignition is achieved, and the service life of the system device is prolonged. Instantaneous leakage current generated by parasitic capacitance of the MOS tube at the power-on moment of the system is effectively prevented from flowing through the initiating explosive device, and the safety of the whole system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electrical systems, and in particular to a capacitor charging and discharging type ignition control system and an ignition method for pyrotechnic devices. Background Art

[0002] Initiators are a general term for disposable devices, equipment or systems that contain gunpowder or explosives and burn or explode when stimulated by electrical or thermal energy to achieve ignition / detonation / work. Initiators are widely used in military weapons, aerospace and civil blasting due to their fast response and high energy density.

[0003] As the fire transmission and detonation component in the system, pyrotechnics are the most sensitive and dangerous part of various devices. Current weapons and equipment require the use of insensitive pyrotechnics. Generally, the ignition current of insensitive pyrotechnics is 5-10A, and the duration is more than 50ms. Therefore, the detonation of insensitive pyrotechnics often uses a larger power supply. Capacitor charging and discharging circuits have mature products in industrial and mining detonating equipment, but they are mainly used in the detonation of non-insensitive pyrotechnics with smaller currents. Insensitive pyrotechnics are generally used in engines, cutting ropes and other products. The products need to undergo multiple performance tests before application to determine whether their performance meets the requirements. Therefore, there are higher requirements for the reliability and safety of the ignition circuit.

[0004] The action time of pyrotechnics is of great significance to the timing control of products. The traditional pyrotechnic ignition device using multi-stage relay cascade has greatly improved its safety. However, due to the long action time of the relay contacts, the time for the ignition action signal to reach the relay contact closure cannot be accurately known, so the action time of the pyrotechnics cannot be accurately measured.

[0005] In addition, common pyrotechnic detonation devices often use wired information interaction, which is mainly based on serial bus communication, such as RS485, CAN, etc. The PC host sends the ignition command, and then controls the main control device to ignite. This method generally requires on-site connection of a long communication line and requires a PC host to operate, which makes the application of the entire device not portable enough. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides a capacitor charging and discharging ignition control system and ignition method for pyrotechnics, which can effectively prevent false triggering during MCU system reset and prevent the problem of misconduction of MOS tubes due to inter-electrode parasitic capacitance at the moment of power-on, while realizing the measurement of the action time of pyrotechnics, making the entire ignition device more miniaturized and portable.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a capacitor charging and discharging pyrotechnic ignition control system, comprising a power supply unit, a main control unit, an information interaction unit, an energy storage control unit, a charging detection unit, an ignition control unit and an ignition detection unit; the power supply unit is responsible for supplying power to circuits of different voltage levels of the system; the main control unit performs corresponding IO port operations according to the received instructions, and feeds back the current state of the system; the information interaction unit establishes wireless information interaction between the terminal device and the main control unit and indicates the current operating state of the system; the energy storage control unit realizes energy storage of the capacitor and opening and closing of the ignition circuit according to the instructions of the main control unit; the charging detection unit realizes detection of the voltage across the capacitor to determine whether the capacitor is fully charged; the ignition control unit is used to control the conduction of the ignition circuit; and the ignition detection unit is used to detect the action time of the pyrotechnic.

[0008] Among them, the energy storage control unit includes a supercapacitor group, an electromagnetic relay K1, a charging control optocoupler U5, and an NMOS switch U6; the supercapacitor group is composed of three capacitors with a withstand voltage of 5.5V and a capacitance of 0.5F connected in series, and the two IO_ChargeH and IO_ChargeL charging control signals from the MCU are respectively connected to the input side of the optocoupler U5, and the output side of the optocoupler U5 is connected to the gate of the NMOS switch U6; the relay coil is connected to the drain of the NMOS switch U6, and the relay has two groups of normally open contacts, one group of contacts is connected to the charging circuit, and the other group of contacts is connected to DH_Breaker and DH_OUT. DH_Breaker is the drain output end of the ignition control unit PMOS switch U7, and the DH_OUT end is connected to the disable resistor; the positive pole Power_Output end of the supercapacitor group is connected to the source of the ignition control unit PMOS switch U7 and the same-direction input end of the charging detection unit operational amplifier U9A. When a charging instruction is received, the relay coil is energized and the contacts are closed to realize the charging of the supercapacitor group.

[0009] Among them, the charging detection unit includes an operational amplifier U9A and an optocoupler U10. The operational amplifier and the peripheral circuit constitute a hysteresis comparison circuit. The same-direction input terminal is connected to the positive electrode of the combined capacitor, and the output is connected to the input side of the optocoupler U10. The output side of the optocoupler is connected to the Charge_Monitor terminal of the MCU via a pull-up resistor. When the voltage across the supercapacitor group reaches the threshold, the charging detection unit outputs a jump edge signal to the MCU; the charging detection unit detects the voltage across the capacitor to determine whether the capacitor is fully charged.

[0010] Among them, the main control unit includes the single-chip microcomputer MCU and its peripheral clock circuit and reset circuit; the MCU is connected to the outside with 7 IO ports including IO_ChargeH, IO_ChargeL, IO_FireH, IO_FireL, Charge_Monitor, Fire_Monitor, and IO_LED, and two serial communication ports RX and TX.

[0011] Among them, according to the inference results, the ignition control unit includes a PMOS switch U7 and an optocoupler U8; the two ignition control signals IO_FireH and IO_FireL from the main control unit MCU are connected to the output side of the optocoupler U8, and the output side of the optocoupler U8 is connected to the gate and source of the PMOS tube U7. When the ignition command is received, the supercapacitor group is discharged through the PMOS switch.

[0012] Among them, the ignition detection unit includes an optocoupler U11, an NMOS switch U12 and a current limiting resistor; the ignition detection unit is used to detect the action time of the pyrotechnic product, wherein the gate and source of the NMOS are connected in parallel with the current limiting resistor, the current limiting resistor and the pyrotechnic product are connected in series to the 24V ground, and the output side of the optocoupler U11 is connected to the Fire_Monitor port of the MCU, and the action time of the pyrotechnic product is detected by obtaining the level duration.

[0013] The power supply unit includes an external 5V portable power supply, a 5V-24V isolated power supply module, an LDO-3.3V power supply module and a button switch, wherein the positive and negative poles of the 5V power supply are connected to the 5V-24V isolated power supply module and the LDO-3.3V power supply module through a power supply interface, the 5V portable power supply supplies power to the information interaction unit, the 5V-24V isolated power supply module supplies power to the energy storage control unit, and the LDO linear power supply module supplies power to the main control unit, wherein the button switch is used to control the power on and off of the entire system.

[0014] Among them, the information interaction unit includes a Bluetooth module and an LED indicator. The Bluetooth module ports RX and TX are cross-connected with the MCU's TX and RX ports respectively to realize information interaction between the MCU and the wireless terminal. The LED indicator is connected to the IO_LED port of the MCU via a resistor to indicate the system status.

[0015] The present invention also provides a capacitor charging and discharging ignition method for explosives, which is implemented based on the system of the present invention, and the ignition process is as follows:

[0016] Press the power switch to initialize the system;

[0017] Pairing with Bluetooth module via wireless terminal;

[0018] The terminal sends a capacitor charging instruction. After receiving the instruction, the MCU changes the level state of the IO on the input side of the charging control optocoupler, the MOS tube is turned on, the relay coil is energized, the two sets of normally open contacts of the relay are closed, and the capacitor starts to charge. When the capacitor is fully charged, the MCU receives the falling edge signal input by the charging detection unit. The MCU sends a "capacitor charging is completed" message to the terminal through the information interaction unit, and the LED indicator becomes always on, indicating that the current charging is completed.

[0019] The ignition command is sent through the terminal. After receiving the command, the MCU changes the level state of the two IO ports on the input side of the ignition control optocoupler, the PMOS tube is turned on, the energy storage capacitor discharges to the pyrotechnics, the NMOS tube of the ignition detection unit is turned on, the optocoupler output side generates a falling edge, and the MCU receives the ignition action signal. When the pyrotechnics is completed, the optocoupler output side generates a rising edge, and the MCU receives the action completion signal. The MCU calculates the level duration and sends a message "Ignition has been triggered, the action time is: xx" to the terminal through the information interaction unit. The LED indicator goes out, indicating that the current state is the ignition completed state;

[0020] If the capacitor is fully charged and the system is reset due to a fault or other reasons, the relay contacts will separate and the capacitor will be discharged through the disable resistor;

[0021] If the capacitor is fully charged, the ignition operation needs to be terminated, and a disabling command is sent through the terminal. The relay coil is de-energized, the contacts are separated, and the capacitor is discharged through the disabling resistor. The charging detection unit generates a rising edge signal. After the discharge is completed, the MCU sends a message "Ignition is terminated, the capacitor has completed discharging" to the terminal, and the LED indicator changes from a constant on state to an alternating on and off state.

[0022] If the MCU does not receive the edge information generated by the charging detection unit after 1 minute after the terminal sends the capacitor charging command, the MCU sends a "charging circuit failure" message to the terminal through the information interaction unit and controls the relay to disconnect the charging.

[0023] Beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. The system of the present invention adopts a boost module combined with capacitor charging and discharging to provide ignition current for the pyrotechnics, which reduces the requirements for battery discharge current and volume, making the volume of the entire system device more miniaturized. At the same time, two groups of normally open contacts of relays are used to control the charging and discharging of the capacitor and the on-off of the ignition circuit, which not only achieves a rapid response to ignition, but also effectively avoids the instantaneous leakage current generated by the parasitic capacitance of the MOS tube when the system is powered on, flowing through the pyrotechnics, thereby improving the safety of the entire system.

[0025] 2. The system of the present invention adopts a wireless information interaction method, and can communicate with the ignition system using wireless terminal devices such as mobile phones. Compared with the traditional wired communication method using a PC host computer, it avoids the situation of pulling long wires on site and improves the portability of the entire system.

[0026] 3. In the system of the present invention, a current-limiting resistor is connected between the pyrotechnic device and the negative electrode of the 24V power supply, and an optocoupler isolation detection circuit is used to detect the action time of the pyrotechnic device.

[0027] 4. The system of the present invention adopts MOS tube as the ignition control switch. Compared with the traditional relay as the ignition switch, the opening time of the MOS tube is generally in the ns level, while the opening time of the traditional relay is generally in the ms level. Under high current conditions, the contacts of the traditional relay are prone to adhesion. Therefore, the MOS tube as the ignition switch has the characteristics of rapid response and high life. At the same time, the use of MOS tube as the ignition control switch can accurately measure the time interval between the control command being issued and the pyrotechnic taking effect, which is of great significance for the timing control of pyrotechnic equipment.

[0028] 5. The method of the present invention is implemented based on the system of the present invention. A boost module is used in combination with capacitor charging and discharging to provide ignition current for the pyrotechnic device, thereby reducing the requirements for battery discharge current and volume. At the same time, two groups of normally open contacts of a relay are used to control the charging and discharging of the capacitor and the on-off of the ignition circuit, thereby achieving a rapid response to the ignition and effectively avoiding the instantaneous leakage current generated by the parasitic capacitance of the MOS tube when the system is powered on, flowing through the pyrotechnic device.

[0029] 6. In the method of the present invention, a wireless information interaction method is adopted, and wireless terminal devices such as mobile phones can communicate with the ignition system. Compared with the traditional wired communication method using a PC host computer, it avoids the situation of pulling long wires on site and improves the portability of the entire system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the capacitor charging and discharging ignition control system of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 The figure is a circuit diagram of the energy storage control unit of the system of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 The figure is a circuit diagram of a charging detection unit of the system of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 The figure is a schematic diagram of the ignition control unit circuit of the system of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 5 The figure is a circuit diagram of an ignition detection unit of the system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0036] The present invention provides a capacitor charging and discharging ignition control system, including a power supply unit, a main control unit, an information interaction unit, an energy storage control unit, a charging detection unit, an ignition control unit and an ignition detection unit. Figure 1 As shown, the details are as follows:

[0037] The power supply unit is responsible for supplying power to circuits of different voltage levels in the system; the power supply unit includes an external 5V portable power supply, a 5V-24V isolated power supply module, an LDO-3.3V power supply module and a button switch, wherein the positive and negative poles of the 5V power supply are connected to the 5V-24V isolated power supply module and the LDO-3.3V power supply module through a power supply interface, the 5V portable power supply supplies power to the information interaction unit, the 5V-24V isolated power supply module supplies power to the energy storage control unit, and the LDO linear power supply module supplies power to the main control unit, wherein the button switch is used to control the power on and off of the entire system.

[0038] The main control unit includes the single-chip microcomputer MCU and its peripheral clock circuit and reset circuit; the main control unit performs corresponding IO port operations according to the received instructions and feedbacks the current status of the system. In this embodiment, the MCU is connected to the outside with IO_ChargeH, IO_ChargeL, IO_FireH, IO_FireL, Charge_Monitor, Fire_Monitor, IO_LED, a total of 7 IO ports, and two serial communication ports RX and TX.

[0039] The information interaction unit includes a Bluetooth module and an LED indicator. The Bluetooth module ports RX and TX are cross-connected with the MCU's TX and RX ports respectively to realize information interaction between the MCU and the wireless terminal. The LED indicator is connected to the IO_LED port of the MCU via a resistor to indicate the system status. The information interaction unit establishes wireless information interaction between the terminal device and the main control unit and indicates the current operating status of the system.

[0040] The energy storage control unit includes a supercapacitor group, an electromagnetic relay K1, a charging control optocoupler U5, and an NMOS switch U6; the supercapacitor group is composed of three capacitors with a withstand voltage of 5.5V and a capacitance of 0.5F connected in series, and the two IO_ChargeH and IO_ChargeL charging control signals from the MCU are respectively connected to the input side of the optocoupler U5, and the output side of the optocoupler U5 is connected to the gate of the NMOS switch U6; the relay coil is connected to the drain of the NMOS switch U6, and the relay has two groups of normally open contacts, one group of contacts is connected to the charging circuit, and the other group of contacts is connected to the DH_Breaker and DH_OUT ends, DH_Breaker is the drain output end of the ignition control unit PMOS switch U7, and the DH_OUT end is connected to the disable resistor; the positive pole Power_Output end of the supercapacitor group is connected to the source of the ignition control unit PMOS switch U7 and the same-direction input end of the charging detection unit operational amplifier U9A. When a charging instruction is received, the relay coil is energized and the contacts are closed to realize the charging of the supercapacitor group. The energy storage control unit realizes the energy storage of the capacitor and the opening and closing of the ignition circuit according to the instructions of the main control unit. Figure 2 As shown, after the system is powered on, the LED indicator in the information interaction unit flashes, indicating that the system is operating normally and waiting to receive instructions. When the main control receives the charging instruction sent by the terminal device, it controls the IO_ChargeH and IO_ChargeL ends on the input side of the optocoupler U5 to output high and low levels, the output side of the optocoupler U5 is turned on, a voltage drop is generated on both sides of the resistor R12, the source and drain of the NMOS switch U6 are turned on, the coil of the relay K1 is energized, the two groups of normally open contacts are closed, the charging circuit is turned on, the DH_Breaker and DH_OUT ports are turned on, and the capacitor group C19~C21 starts to charge.

[0041] The charging detection unit includes an operational amplifier U9A and an optocoupler U10. The operational amplifier and the peripheral circuit constitute a hysteresis comparison circuit. The same-direction input terminal is connected to the positive electrode of the supercapacitor group, and the output is connected to the input side of the optocoupler U10. The output side of the optocoupler is connected to the Charge_Monitor terminal of the MCU through a pull-up resistor. When the voltage across the supercapacitor group reaches the threshold, the charging detection unit outputs a jump edge signal to the MCU; the charging detection unit detects the voltage across the capacitor to determine whether the capacitor is fully charged. The charging detection unit circuit is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the voltage at the positive input Power_Output of the operational amplifier gradually increases as charging progresses. When the voltage across the capacitor reaches 15V, it is considered that charging is completed. At this time, the output of the operational amplifier outputs a high level, the input side of the optocoupler U10 is energized, the output side is turned on, and the main control receives the falling edge change. The main control sends a "capacitor charging is completed" message to the terminal device via the Bluetooth module, and the LED indicator becomes normally on.

[0042] The ignition control unit includes a PMOS switch U7 and an optocoupler U8. The two ignition control signals IO_FireH and IO_FireL from the MCU are connected to the output side of the optocoupler U8. The output side of the optocoupler U8 is connected to the gate and source of the PMOS tube U7. When the ignition command is received, the supercapacitor group is discharged through the PMOS switch. The ignition control unit is used to control the conduction of the ignition circuit. The ignition control unit circuit is shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown, when the main control receives the ignition command sent by the terminal device, it controls the IO at both ends of IO_FireH and IO_FireL to output high and low levels respectively, the optocoupler U8 is turned on, a voltage drop is generated on both sides of the resistor R14, the source and gate of the PMOS switch U7 are turned on, and the supercapacitor group provides the ignition current from the Power_Output end to the pyrotechnic circuit.

[0043] The ignition detection unit includes an optocoupler U11, an NMOS switch U12 and a current limiting resistor. The ignition detection unit is used to detect the action time of the initiator, wherein the gate and source of the NMOS are connected in parallel with the current limiting resistor, the current limiting resistor and the initiator are connected in series to the 24V ground, and the output side of the optocoupler U11 is connected to the Fire_Monitor port of the MCU. The action time of the initiator is detected by obtaining the level duration. The ignition detection unit circuit is shown in Figure 1. Figure 5 As shown, the negative pole of the pyrotechnic device is connected to the current limiting resistor R25 via the DH_IN port. When the ignition circuit conducts current through the resistor R25, a voltage drop is generated on both sides thereof, and the NMOS switch U12 is turned on. The 24V input voltage generates a voltage drop at both ends of R24 via the voltage divider circuit of R23, R24, and R26. The IO_Monitor port on the output side of the optocoupler U11 changes from a high level to a low level, generating a falling edge, triggering the input capture timing of the MCU. When the pyrotechnic device has completed its action, the pyrotechnic device is open, the DH_IN port is pulled to a low level by the resistor R25, the NMOS switch U12 is closed, and the IO_Monitor port is pulled up to a high level by R22, generating a rising edge. The MCU records the duration of the low level, and sends a message of "Ignition has been triggered, and the action time is: xx" to the terminal through the information interaction unit. The LED indicator light goes out, indicating that the ignition is currently in a completed state.

[0044] The present invention also provides a capacitor charging and discharging ignition method for explosives, which is implemented based on the system of the present invention, and the ignition process is as follows:

[0045] Press the power switch, and after the system is powered on and initialized, the LED indicator lights up and goes off alternately, indicating that the MCU is working normally.

[0046] Pairing with Bluetooth module via wireless terminal;

[0047] The terminal sends a capacitor charging instruction. After receiving the instruction, the MCU changes the level state of the IO on the input side of the charging control optocoupler, the MOS tube is turned on, the relay coil is energized, the two sets of normally open contacts of the relay are closed, and the capacitor starts to charge. When the capacitor is fully charged, the MCU receives the falling edge signal input by the charging detection unit. The MCU sends a "capacitor charging is completed" message to the terminal through the information interaction unit, and the LED indicator becomes always on, indicating that the current charging is completed.

[0048] The ignition command is sent through the terminal. After receiving the command, the MCU changes the level state of the two IO ports on the input side of the ignition control optocoupler, the PMOS tube is turned on, the energy storage capacitor discharges to the pyrotechnics, the NMOS tube of the ignition detection unit is turned on, the optocoupler output side generates a falling edge, and the MCU receives the ignition action signal. When the pyrotechnics is completed, the optocoupler output side generates a rising edge, and the MCU receives the action completion signal. The MCU calculates the level duration and sends a message "Ignition has been triggered, the action time is: xx" to the terminal through the information interaction unit. The LED indicator goes out, indicating that the current state is the ignition completed state;

[0049] If the capacitor is fully charged and the system is reset due to a fault or other reasons, the relay contacts will separate and the capacitor will be discharged through the disable resistor;

[0050] If the ignition operation needs to be terminated after the capacitor is fully charged, a disabling command can be sent through the terminal, the relay coil is powered off, the contacts are separated, the capacitor is discharged through the disabling resistor, and the charging detection unit generates a rising edge signal. After the discharge is completed, the MCU sends a message "Ignition terminated, the capacitor has completed discharge" to the terminal, and the LED indicator changes from a constant on state to an alternating on and off state;

[0051] If the MCU does not receive the edge information generated by the charging detection unit after 1 minute after the terminal sends the capacitor charging command, the MCU sends a "charging circuit failure" message to the terminal through the information interaction unit and controls the relay to disconnect the charging.

[0052] In summary, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A capacitor charging and discharging ignition control system for explosive devices, characterized in that: It includes a power supply unit, a main control unit, an information interaction unit, an energy storage control unit, a charging detection unit, an ignition control unit and an ignition detection unit; the power supply unit is responsible for supplying power to circuits of different voltage levels in the system; the main control unit performs corresponding IO port operations according to the received instructions and feeds back the current status of the system; the information interaction unit establishes wireless information interaction between the terminal device and the main control unit and indicates the current operating status of the system; the energy storage control unit realizes energy storage of the capacitor and opening and closing of the ignition circuit according to the instructions of the main control unit; the charging detection unit realizes the detection of the voltage across the capacitor to determine whether the capacitor is fully charged; the ignition control unit is used to control the conduction of the ignition circuit; the ignition detection unit is used to detect the action time of the pyrotechnic product.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The energy storage control unit includes a supercapacitor group, an electromagnetic relay K1, a charging control optocoupler U5, and an NMOS switch U6; the supercapacitor group is composed of three capacitors with a withstand voltage of 5.5V and a capacitance of 0.5F connected in series, and the two IO_ChargeH and IO_ChargeL charging control signals from the MCU are respectively connected to the input side of the optocoupler U5, and the output side of the optocoupler U5 is connected to the gate of the NMOS switch U6; the relay coil is connected to the drain of the NMOS switch U6, and the relay has two groups of normally open contacts, one group of contacts is connected to the charging circuit, and the other group of contacts is connected to the DH_Breaker and DH_OUT ends, DH_Breaker is the drain output end of the ignition control unit PMOS switch U7, and the DH_OUT end is connected to the disable resistor; the positive pole Power_Output end of the supercapacitor group is connected to the source of the ignition control unit PMOS switch U7 and the same-direction input end of the charging detection unit operational amplifier U9A. When a charging instruction is received, the relay coil is energized and the contacts are closed to realize the charging of the supercapacitor group.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that The charging detection unit includes an operational amplifier U9A and an optocoupler U10. The operational amplifier and the peripheral circuit constitute a hysteresis comparison circuit. The same-direction input terminal is connected to the positive electrode of the combined capacitor, and the output is connected to the input side of the optocoupler U10. The output side of the optocoupler is connected to the Charge_Monitor terminal of the MCU through a pull-up resistor. When the voltage across the supercapacitor group reaches the threshold, the charging detection unit outputs a jump edge signal to the MCU; the charging detection unit detects the voltage across the capacitor to determine whether the capacitor is fully charged.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that ,The main control unit includes the single-chip microcomputer MCU and its peripheral clock circuit and reset circuit; MCU is connected to the outside with 7 IO ports including IO_ChargeH, IO_ChargeL, IO_FireH, IO_FireL, Charge_Monitor, Fire_Monitor, and IO_LED, and two serial communication ports RX and TX.

5. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that According to the inference results, the ignition control unit includes a PMOS switch U7 and an optocoupler U8; the two ignition control signals IO_FireH and IO_FireL from the main control unit MCU are connected to the output side of the optocoupler U8, and the output side of the optocoupler U8 is connected to the gate and source of the PMOS tube U7. When the ignition command is received, the supercapacitor group is discharged through the PMOS switch.

6. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that The ignition detection unit includes an optocoupler U11, an NMOS switch U12 and a current-limiting resistor; the ignition detection unit is used to detect the action time of the pyrotechnic device, wherein the gate and source of the NMOS are connected in parallel with the current-limiting resistor, the current-limiting resistor and the pyrotechnic device are connected in series to the 24V ground, and the output side of the optocoupler U11 is connected to the Fire_Monitor port of the MCU, and the action time of the pyrotechnic device is detected by obtaining the level duration.

7. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The power supply unit includes an external 5V portable power supply, a 5V-24V isolated power supply module, an LDO-3.3V power supply module and a button switch, wherein the positive and negative electrodes of the 5V power supply are connected to the 5V-24V isolated power supply module and the LDO-3.3V power supply module through a power supply interface, the 5V portable power supply supplies power to the information interaction unit, the 5V-24V isolated power supply module supplies power to the energy storage control unit, and the LDO linear power supply module supplies power to the main control unit, wherein the button switch is used to control the power on and off of the entire system.

8. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The information interaction unit includes a Bluetooth module and an LED indicator. The Bluetooth module ports RX and TX are cross-connected with the MCU's TX and RX ports respectively to realize information interaction between the MCU and the wireless terminal. The LED indicator is connected to the IO_LED port of the MCU via a resistor to indicate the system status.

9. A capacitor charging and discharging ignition method, characterized in that: Based on the system implementation according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the ignition process is as follows: Press the power switch to initialize the system; Pairing with Bluetooth module via wireless terminal; The terminal sends a capacitor charging instruction. After receiving the instruction, the MCU changes the level state of the IO on the input side of the charging control optocoupler, the MOS tube is turned on, the relay coil is energized, the two sets of normally open contacts of the relay are closed, and the capacitor starts to charge. When the capacitor is fully charged, the MCU receives the falling edge signal input by the charging detection unit. The MCU sends a "capacitor charging is completed" message to the terminal through the information interaction unit, and the LED indicator turns to a constant light state, indicating that the current charging is completed. The ignition command is sent through the terminal. After receiving the command, the MCU changes the level state of the two IO ports on the input side of the ignition control optocoupler, the PMOS tube is turned on, the energy storage capacitor discharges to the pyrotechnics, the NMOS tube of the ignition detection unit is turned on, the optocoupler output side generates a falling edge, and the MCU receives the ignition action signal. When the pyrotechnics is completed, the optocoupler output side generates a rising edge, and the MCU receives the action completion signal. The MCU calculates the level duration and sends the "Ignition has been triggered, the action time is: xx" message to the terminal through the information interaction unit. The LED indicator goes out, indicating that the current state is the ignition completed state; If the capacitor is fully charged and the system is reset due to a fault or other reasons, the relay contacts will separate and the capacitor will be discharged through the disable resistor; If the capacitor is fully charged, the ignition operation needs to be terminated, and a disabling command is sent through the terminal. The relay coil is de-energized, the contacts are separated, and the capacitor is discharged through the disabling resistor. The charging detection unit generates a rising edge signal. After the discharge is completed, the MCU sends a "ignition terminated, the capacitor has completed discharging" message to the terminal, and the LED indicator changes from a constant on state to an alternating on and off state. If the MCU does not receive the edge information generated by the charging detection unit after 1 minute after the terminal sends the capacitor charging instruction, the MCU sends a "charging circuit failure" message to the terminal through the information interaction unit and controls the relay to disconnect the charging.

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