Accessory head comprehensive performance test device and test method

Abstract

The invention discloses an accessory head comprehensive performance test device and test method, the accessory head comprehensive performance test device comprises a base and a vertically arranged accessory head, the base is provided with a torque loading module, a comprehensive performance test module and a force loading module which are used for testing the accessory head, and the base is provided with a clamping driving module which is used for installing the accessory head and controlling the accessory head to move. The torque loading module is connected with a bearing loading unit used for transmitting an external load to the accessory head. Compared with the prior art, a dynamic torque load is simulated through the eddy current dynamometer in the torque loading device, power is transmitted through the bevel gear box, and the motion direction is changed, so that the function of loading the vertically placed accessory head at a variable angle by adopting a horizontal arrangement scheme of the dynamometer is realized; load is applied through the force loading module and transmitted to the accessory head through the bearing loading unit, meanwhile, the loading angle of the load of the accessory head is adjusted under the action of the moving platform, and then variable-angle loading of force is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mechanical product testing equipment, and in particular to an accessory head comprehensive performance testing device and a testing method. Background Art

[0002] The accessory head, also known as the milling head, is an important accessory of the machine tool. The accessory head is mainly installed on the gantry machining center and the boring machine to expand the processing range of the machine tool and realize the pentahedron processing, and can be automatically grasped by the machine tool slide. There are many types of accessory heads, including extended accessory milling heads, manual right-angle accessory milling heads, and automatic right-angle accessory milling heads. These different types of accessory heads have their own characteristics in function, usage and applicable scenarios. The accessory head can significantly expand the processing capacity of the machine tool, enabling the machine tool to complete more complex processing tasks. By installing the accessory head, the machine tool can realize pentahedron processing and improve processing efficiency and precision. The accessory head usually has the characteristics of high power and high torque, which can meet the needs of various heavy-duty processing tasks. In addition, the connection methods of the accessory head and the machine tool are various, including taper shanks, pull cylinders, screws, flanges, etc., which are convenient for users to select and install according to actual needs. In the actual processing of the attachment head, the comprehensive performance of the output shaft of the attachment head, such as rotation accuracy, static stiffness, dynamic stiffness, vibration and temperature rise of the attachment head, determines the processing quality. After working for a period of time under different load conditions, its comprehensive performance will inevitably change. The comprehensive performance of the attachment head is the key to the performance of the entire CNC machine tool, so it is necessary to carry out performance testing and reliability testing on the attachment head.

[0003] To solve the above problems, a Chinese patent with application number 201911326097.4 discloses a static characteristic detection device and measurement method dedicated to a CNC swing angle milling head. The above-mentioned disclosed detection device includes a load application structure, a swing angle milling head, a laser tracker, a data acquisition sub-module, a single-chip microcomputer and an industrial computer; wherein the signal output ends of the force sensor and the laser tracker in the load application mechanism are connected to the signal input end of the data acquisition sub-module, the signal output end of the data acquisition sub-module is connected to the signal input end of the single-chip microcomputer, and the signal output end of the single-chip microcomputer is connected to the signal input end of the industrial computer. A Chinese patent with application number 202210681694.4 discloses a test device and a test method for testing the reliability of a swing angle milling head. The above-mentioned test device is mainly composed of a rotating base module, an adjustable mounting module, an axial and radial force loading and rotation accuracy test module, a torque loading module, and a repeatable positioning accuracy detection module; the adjustable mounting module is installed on the rotating base module; the swing angle milling head is installed on the rear support of the adjustable mounting module; the axial and radial force loading and rotation accuracy test module and the torque loading module are installed inside the support box of the adjustable mounting module.

[0004] In the above-mentioned disclosed prior art, the detection device is directly installed on the machine tool workbench, and a static force is applied to the end of the swing angle milling head to test its deformation. However, the above-mentioned method cannot measure the rotation accuracy and vibration, temperature, and stiffness performance of the accessory head, and cannot load dynamic loads, and also ignores the influence of torque loads on the performance of the swing angle accessory head. In addition, the above-mentioned prior art also uses piezoelectric ceramics to simulate force loading. Piezoelectric ceramics generate severe heat during use, and it is difficult to carry out long-term loading tests, which requires a high level of process technology. Moreover, the above-mentioned device adopts a horizontal structure, which is only suitable for the stress condition of the horizontal structure of the accessory head, and cannot accurately simulate the stress state of the vertically arranged accessory head. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to overcome the defects in the above-mentioned prior art and provides an accessory head comprehensive performance test device and test method which can dynamically load the accessory head, detect the influence of the torque load on the accessory head, and simultaneously measure the rotation accuracy, vibration, temperature and other performance of the accessory head.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: an accessory head comprehensive performance testing device, comprising a base and a vertically arranged accessory head, the base is provided with a torque loading module, a comprehensive performance testing module and a force loading module for testing the accessory head, the base is provided with a clamping drive module for installing the accessory head and controlling the movement of the accessory head, the torque loading module is connected with a bearing loading unit for transmitting the external load to the accessory head; the torque loading module comprises a movably arranged eddy current dynamometer for loading torque on the accessory head and a bevel gear box for changing the loading direction; the force loading module comprises a hydraulic loading assembly and a mobile platform for realizing variable angle loading; the comprehensive performance testing module comprises a rotation accuracy testing module for detecting the rotation accuracy of the accessory head, a vibration signal testing piece for detecting the vibration data of the accessory head and a temperature testing piece for detecting the temperature data of the accessory head.

[0007] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the torque loading module further comprises a moving platform for controlling the movement of the eddy current dynamometer and the bevel gear box, and the moving platform is provided with a gear box seat for supporting and adjusting the angle of the bevel gear box.

[0008] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the bearing loading unit includes a loading unit housing and a loading unit transmission shaft and a force-bearing head arranged in the loading unit housing. The force-bearing head is connected to the force loading module to bear the radial load and axial load transmitted by the force loading module.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the clamping drive module includes a spindle box for installing an accessory head and driving the accessory head to rotate, the spindle box is provided with a cylinder for fastening the accessory head and a spindle for connecting the accessory head, and the spindle box is provided with a main transmission assembly for driving the spindle to rotate.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the clamping drive module also includes a column, on which is provided a Z-axis motion component for adjusting the movement of the accessory head in the vertical direction, and a positioning block for detecting the spatial position of the accessory head is provided at the end of the main shaft.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the hydraulic loading assembly includes a hydraulic cylinder and a loading head connected to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder, the loading head is abutted against the force-bearing head, a tension pressure sensor is provided between the loading head and the hydraulic cylinder, and a pull rod displacement sensor for detecting the moving distance of the loading head is provided on one side of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the mobile platform includes a rotating component for controlling the rotation of the hydraulic loading component, a lifting component for controlling the lifting of the hydraulic loading component, an X-axis moving component for controlling the movement of the hydraulic loading component along the X-axis, and a Y-axis moving component for controlling the movement of the hydraulic loading component along the Y-axis.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the rotation accuracy test module includes two laser displacement sensors arranged perpendicular to each other and an upper sensor bracket and a lower sensor bracket for adjusting the position of the laser displacement sensors, and the lower sensor bracket is arranged on the gear box seat.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the accessory head is also provided with a prism which cooperates with the rotation accuracy testing module to perform a repeated positioning accuracy test on the accessory head.

[0015] A test method for the comprehensive performance of an accessory head comprises the following steps:

[0016] S1. Preparation before the test: determine the test object and install the test object;

[0017] S2. Confirm the test conditions: determine whether the test object is to be subjected to loading test or rotation test, formulate a loading plan, and determine the load, movement speed and angle range of the test object;

[0018] S3, Loading test: determine the initial performance state of the test object, determine the test cycle, and then start load loading;

[0019] S4, Transposition test: determine the initial performance status of the test object, formulate the transposition test cycle, and then carry out the test;

[0020] S5. Index performance test: static performance test and dynamic performance test;

[0021] S6. Data processing and reliability research: Screen the error performance index data measured by S5, and use the screened data for comprehensive performance evaluation based on accessory head performance indicators, degradation model establishment, life model establishment, and reliability evaluation.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. Innovation in variable-angle loading: The dynamic torque load is simulated by the eddy current dynamometer in the torque loading device, and the power is transmitted and the movement direction is changed through the bevel gear box, so that the function of variable-angle loading of the vertically placed accessory head is realized by adopting the horizontal arrangement of the dynamometer. The load is applied through the force loading module and transmitted to the accessory head through the bearing loading unit. At the same time, the loading angle of the accessory head is adjusted under the action of the mobile platform, thereby realizing variable-angle loading of the force; in addition, the rotation accuracy test module, vibration signal test piece and temperature test piece in the comprehensive performance test module are used to detect the rotation accuracy, vibration data and temperature of the accessory head;

[0024] 2. Innovations in the indexing test, long-term loading of high-frequency dynamic loads, and dynamic characteristic measurement: In the indexing test, it is proposed to use the gravity of the force loading module as the external load of the attachment head, and adjust the load size by adjusting the hydraulic loading component of the force loading module. This test method is more in line with the stress state of the attachment head during the indexing process. This device can meet the comprehensive performance test. During the test, the attachment head is in a vertical state, which is the same as the stress state during actual use. The hydraulic cylinder is used to load the attachment head. Combined with the torque loading module, it can meet the high-amplitude and high-frequency dynamic loading of the attachment head. Two mutually perpendicular laser displacement sensors are used to measure the rotation accuracy of the output shaft of the attachment head and the repeatability of the rotation axis. The device can take into account the long-term loading requirements of high amplitude and high frequency and can monitor the comprehensive performance of the attachment head in real time.

[0025] 3. The comprehensive performance test method of the accessory head of the present invention systematically provides a complete set of solutions for the comprehensive performance test method of the accessory head, including determining the pre-test preparation, confirming the test conditions, loading test, transfer test, index performance test, data processing and reliability research, so that the comprehensive performance test of the accessory head is more in line with the actual complex working conditions, and the test results are more real and reliable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the torque loading module;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a mobile station;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bearing loading unit;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the clamp drive module;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the main transmission assembly;

[0032] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the Z-axis motion assembly;

[0033] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating assembly;

[0034] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hydraulic loading assembly;

[0035] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the X-axis moving component;

[0036] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the Y-axis moving component and the lifting component;

[0037] Fig.12 This is the control principle diagram of the present invention

[0038] Figure numerals: base 1, torque loading module 2, mobile platform 201, mobile platform bottom plate 2011, first slide rail 2012, first slider 2013, first clamp 2014, first screw rod 2015, first connecting block 2016, first hand wheel 2017, first screw rod seat 2018, dynamometer bottom plate 2019, eddy current dynamometer 202, gear box coupling 203, bevel gear box 204, gear box bottom plate 205, fixing groove 2051, fixing bolt 2052, gear box seat 206, mounting groove 2061, slide groove 2062, dial 2063, positioning hole 2064, bearing loading unit 3, transmission shaft 301, end cover 302, loading unit box Body 303, bearing 304, force head 305, round nut 306, accessory head 4, clamping drive module 5, Z-axis motion component 501, Z-axis guide rail 5011, Z-axis screw rod 5012, Z-axis slider 5013, Z-axis motor 5014, Z-axis coupling 5015, Z-axis motor seat 5016, Z-axis connecting piece 5017, Z-axis screw rod seat 5018, column 502, spindle box 503, spindle 5031, cylinder 504, main transmission component 505, main motor 5051, driving pulley 5052, synchronous belt 5053, driven pulley 5054, positioning block 506, comprehensive performance test module 6, rotation accuracy test module 601, laser displacement sensor 6 011, sensor seat 6012, upper sensor bracket 6013, lower sensor bracket 6014, vibration signal test piece 602, temperature test piece 603, force loading module 7, lifting assembly 701, lifting base plate 7011, lifting guide column 7012, lifting screw rod 7013, lifting plate 7014, fifth hand wheel 7015, rotating assembly 702, rotating bracket 7021, limiting groove 7022, limiting piece 7023, rotating plate 7024, rotating bracket 7025, RV reducer 7026, adjusting hand wheel 7027, bracket mounting plate 7028, hydraulic loading assembly 703, pull rod displacement sensor 7031, electro-hydraulic servo valve mounting plate 7032 , electro-hydraulic servo valve 7033, hydraulic cylinder 7034, connecting plate 7035, connecting shaft 7036, tension pressure sensor 7037, loading head 7038, X-axis moving assembly 704, X-axis seat 7041, second slide rail 7042, second slider 7043, second clamp 7044, second screw rod 7045, second connecting block 7046, second hand wheel 7047, second screw rod seat 7048, Y-axis moving assembly 705, Y-axis seat 7051, third slide rail 7052, third slider 7053, third clamp 7054, third screw rod 7055, third screw rod seat 7056, third connecting block 7057, third hand wheel 7058, connecting hole 7059. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] like Figure 1-Figure 12 As shown, a comprehensive performance test device for an accessory head comprises a base 1 and a vertically arranged accessory head 4, the base 1 is provided with a torque loading module 2, a comprehensive performance test module 6 and a force loading module 7 for testing the accessory head 4, the base 1 is provided with a clamping drive module 5 for installing the accessory head 4 and controlling the movement of the accessory head 4, the torque loading module 2 is connected with a bearing loading unit 3 for transmitting an external load to the accessory head 4; the torque loading module 2 comprises a movably arranged eddy current dynamometer 202 for loading torque on the accessory head 4 and a bevel gear box 204 for changing the loading direction; the force loading module 7 comprises a hydraulic loading assembly 703 and a mobile platform for realizing variable angle loading; the comprehensive performance test module 6 comprises a rotation accuracy test module 601 for detecting the rotation accuracy of the accessory head 4, a vibration signal test piece 602 for detecting vibration data of the accessory head 4 and a temperature test piece 603 for detecting temperature data of the accessory head 4.

[0041] The accessory head 4 is provided with an output shaft, a swing shaft and a rotary shaft. Specifically, the output shaft is a component in the accessory head used to transmit power or motion to the workpiece or the tool. The swing shaft refers to the part of the accessory head that can swing around a certain axis. The main functions of the swing shaft include: providing additional degrees of freedom: through swinging motion, the processing flexibility of the machine tool is increased, so that the machine tool can process more complex workpiece shapes; the rotary shaft enables the workpiece to rotate around the axis of the processing plane. The rotary shaft is often used to realize the rotation positioning of the workpiece, such as multi-faceted processing and multi-angle processing, which can greatly improve the processing efficiency and flexibility.

[0042] The torque loading module 2 also includes a moving platform 201 for controlling the movement of the eddy current dynamometer 202 and the bevel gear box 204. The moving platform 201 is provided with a gear box seat 206 for supporting and adjusting the angle of the bevel gear box 204. Furthermore, a gear box coupling 203 is provided between the eddy current dynamometer 202 and the bevel gear box 204. In addition, the moving platform 201 is arranged on the base 1. The moving platform 201 includes a moving platform bottom plate 2011 fixedly arranged on the base 1 and a dynamometer bottom plate 2019 slidably connected to the moving platform bottom plate 2011. Two first slide rails 2012 are arranged along the length direction of the moving platform bottom plate 2011 on both sides of the moving platform bottom plate 2011. A first slider 2013 is slidably connected to the first slide rail 2012. The dynamometer bottom plate 201 9 is fixedly arranged on the first slider 2013, and a first clamp 2014 for limiting the moving range of the dynamometer base plate 2019 is provided at the end of the first slide rail 2012, and a first screw rod 2015 parallel to the first slide rail 2012 is provided in the middle of the two first slide rails, and first screw rod seats 2018 for supporting the first screw rod 2015 are provided at both ends of the first screw rod 2015, and a first connecting block 2016 is threadedly connected to the first screw rod 2015, and the first connecting block 2016 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the dynamometer base plate 2019, and the first connecting block 2016 is driven to move by the rotation of the first screw rod 2015, thereby driving the torque loading module 2 to move, and in addition, a first hand wheel 2017 for rotating the first screw rod 2015 is provided at the end of the first screw rod 2015.

[0043] The gear box seat 206 is provided with a mounting groove 2061 for mounting the bevel gear box 204. The mounting groove 2061 is an inwardly concave arc-shaped structure. The bottom of the mounting groove 2061 is provided with a slide groove 2062. The base of the bevel gear box 204 is provided with a gear box bottom plate 205. The gear box bottom plate 205 is slidably connected in the slide groove 2062. The gear box seat 206 is provided with a dial 2063 for controlling the angle of the bevel gear box 204. In addition, on the side of the gear box seat 206 A plurality of positioning holes 2064 are arranged along the arc-shaped installation groove 2061, and a fixing groove 2051 corresponding to the positioning hole 2064 is provided on the gear box base plate 205. A fixing bolt 2052 connected with the positioning hole 2064 and used for fastening the gear box base plate 205 is provided in the fixing groove 2051. Under the action of the fixing bolt 2052 and the positioning hole 2064, the angle of the bevel gear box 204 is positioned, thereby ensuring the stability of the bevel gear box 204.

[0044] The bearing loading unit 3 includes a loading unit housing 303 and a loading unit transmission shaft 301 and a force-bearing head 305 arranged in the loading unit housing 303. The force-bearing head 305 is connected to the force loading module 7 for bearing the radial load and axial load transmitted by the force loading module 7. Furthermore, the upper end of the bearing loading unit 3 is installed on the lower end of the output shaft of the accessory head 4, and the lower end is connected to the torque loading module 2 through a coupling, which is used to transmit the external load to the output shaft of the accessory head 4. End covers 302 are arranged at both ends of the loading unit housing 303. The end covers 302 are connected to the loading unit housing 303 through screws. The force-bearing head 305 is connected to the loading unit housing 303 through threads, which is used to bear the radial load and axial load transmitted by the force loading module 7. A bearing 304 is sleeved on the transmission shaft 301, and a round nut 306 is arranged on the transmission shaft 301. The round nut 306 abuts against the inner ring of the bearing 304 to tighten the inner ring of the bearing 304.

[0045] The clamping drive module 5 includes a spindle box 503 for installing an accessory head 4 and driving the accessory head 4 to rotate. The spindle box 503 is provided with a cylinder 504 for fastening the accessory head 4 and a spindle 5031 for connecting the accessory head 4. The spindle box 503 is provided with a main transmission assembly 505 for driving the spindle 5031 to rotate. Furthermore, the cylinder 504 is vertically arranged above the spindle box 503, the spindle 5031 is connected to the output end of the cylinder 504, the accessory head 4 is arranged on the spindle 5031, and the cylinder 504 is pneumatically connected to the spindle 5031. Dynamic clamping, the main transmission assembly 505 includes a main motor 5051 arranged on the spindle box 503, a driving pulley 5052 is provided on the output shaft of the main motor 5051, and a driven pulley 5054 is provided on the spindle 5031. The driving pulley 5052 and the driven pulley 5054 are connected by a synchronous belt 5053. Under the action of the main motor 5051, the synchronous belt 5053 is driven to operate through the driving pulley 5052, thereby driving the driven pulley 5054 and the spindle 5031 to rotate, and then driving the accessory head 4 to rotate.

[0046] The clamping drive module 5 also includes a column 502, on which a Z-axis motion component 501 for adjusting the movement of the accessory head 4 in the vertical direction is provided, and a positioning block 506 for detecting the spatial position of the accessory head 4 is provided at the end of the spindle 5031. Furthermore, the positioning block 506 is arranged at the bottom end of the spindle 5031, and the position of the accessory head 4 is detected by the positioning block 506, so as to facilitate the position adjustment of the accessory head 4; the column 502 is vertically arranged on the base 1, and the spindle box 503 is connected to the Z-axis motion component 501, and the spindle box 503 is driven to move up and down under the action of the Z-axis motion component 501, thereby driving the accessory head 4 to move up and down. Specifically, the Z-axis motion component 501 includes a Z-axis motor 5014, and the column 502 is provided with a Z-axis motor 5014. A Z-axis motor seat 5016 is provided for installing a Z-axis motor 5014, a Z-axis screw rod 5012 is connected to the output end of the Z-axis motor 5014, a Z-axis coupling 5015 is provided between the Z-axis screw rod 5012 and the output end of the Z-axis motor, a Z-axis connecting piece 5017 is threadedly connected to the Z-axis screw rod 5012 for driving the spindle box 503 to rise and fall, in addition, Z-axis screw rod seats 5018 are provided at both ends of the Z-axis screw rod 5012 for supporting the Z-axis screw rod 5012, two Z-axis guide rails 5011 arranged parallel to the Z-axis screw rod 5012 are provided on both sides of the Z-axis screw rod 5012, a Z-axis slider 5013 is slidably connected to the Z-axis guide rail 5011, and the spindle box 503 is fixedly connected to the Z-axis slider 5013.

[0047] The hydraulic loading assembly 703 includes a hydraulic cylinder 7034 and a loading head 7038 connected to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 7034. The loading head 7038 is in contact with the force-bearing head 305. A tension pressure sensor 7037 is provided between the loading head 7038 and the hydraulic cylinder 7034. A pull rod displacement sensor 7031 for detecting the moving distance of the loading head 7038 is provided on one side of the hydraulic cylinder 7034. Furthermore, the loading head 7038 is connected to the tension pressure sensor 7037 through a thread. A connecting shaft 7036 is provided between the tension pressure sensor 7037 and the hydraulic cylinder 7034. The connecting shaft 7036 is connected to the tension pressure sensor 7037 and the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 7034 through a thread. In addition, a pull rod for controlling the operation of the hydraulic cylinder 7034 is provided on the hydraulic cylinder 7034. An electro-hydraulic servo valve 7033, under which an electro-hydraulic servo valve mounting plate 7032 for mounting the electro-hydraulic servo valve 7033 is provided, the electro-hydraulic servo valve mounting plate 7032 is connected to the electro-hydraulic servo valve 7033 and the hydraulic cylinder 7034 through threads; a connecting plate 7035 is provided on the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 7034, the connecting plate 7035 is connected to the output moving end of the tie-rod displacement sensor 7031, and the moving end of the tie-rod displacement sensor 7031 is driven to move by the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 7034, thereby realizing the detection of the output distance of the hydraulic cylinder 7034 by the tie-rod displacement sensor 7031; in addition, the hydraulic loading components 703 are all arranged on a mobile platform, and the position angle of the hydraulic loading components 703 can be adjusted under the action of the mobile platform.

[0048] The mobile platform includes a rotating component 702 for controlling the rotation of the hydraulic loading component 703, a lifting component 701 for controlling the lifting of the hydraulic loading component 703, an X-axis moving component 704 for controlling the movement of the hydraulic loading component 703 along the X-axis, and a Y-axis moving component 705 for controlling the movement of the hydraulic loading component 703 along the Y-axis. Further, the rotating component 702 is arranged on the X-axis moving component 704, the X-axis moving component 704 is arranged on the Y-axis moving component 705, and the lifting component 701 is arranged at opposite ends of the Y-axis moving component 705. The lifting component 701 controls the synchronous lifting of the X-axis moving component 704, the Y-axis moving component 705 and the rotating component 702, and at the same time controls the movement of the hydraulic loading component 703 on the X-axis and Y-axis through the X-axis moving component 704 and the Y-axis moving component 705, and controls the hydraulic loading component 703 to adjust the pitch angle through the rotating component 702.

[0049] Specifically, the rotating assembly 702 includes a rotating bracket 7021 and a bracket mounting plate 7028 arranged on the X-axis moving assembly 704. The rotating bracket 7021 is a U-shaped structure. A rotating plate 7024 is arranged on the inner side of the two side walls of the rotating bracket 7021. A rotating bracket 7025 for installing the hydraulic loading assembly 703 is fixedly connected between the two rotating plates 7024. A limiting groove 7022 is arranged along the rotating path of the rotating plate 7024 at the top of the side wall of the rotating bracket 7021. A limiting member 7023 is slidably connected in the limiting groove 7022. The limiting member 7023 is fixedly arranged on the rotating plate 7024. The cooperation with the limiting groove 7022 realizes the rotation limit of the rotating plate 7024, thereby realizing the limitation of the rotation angle of the hydraulic loading assembly 703; an RV reducer 7026 connected to the rotating plate 7024 is provided on the outer side of the rotating bracket 7021, and an adjusting hand wheel 7027 is connected to the RV reducer 7026. The rotating plate 7024 is driven to rotate by rotating the adjusting hand wheel 7027, thereby realizing the adjustment of the rotation angle of the hydraulic loading assembly 703. At the same time, the deceleration effect is realized under the action of the RV reducer 7026, thereby avoiding the deviation of the angle adjustment caused by the hydraulic loading assembly 703 rotating too fast, thereby improving the adjustment accuracy.

[0050] The X-axis moving assembly 704 includes an X-axis seat 7041 connected to the Y-axis moving assembly 705, two second slide rails 7042 arranged along the X-axis direction are arranged on the X-axis seat 7041, a second slider 7043 is slidably connected to the second slide rail 7042, a bracket mounting plate 7028 is connected to the second slider 7043, a second clamp 7044 is arranged at the end of the second slide rail 7042 to limit the sliding position of the second slider 7043, and a second clamp 7044 is arranged between the two second slide rails 7042 to limit the sliding position of the second slider 7043. A second screw rod 7045 is arranged parallel to the slide rail 7042, and a second connecting block 7046 is threadedly connected to the second screw rod 7045. The second connecting block 7046 is connected to the bottom of the bracket mounting plate 7028, and is used to drive the bracket mounting plate 7028 to move along the X-axis direction. A second hand wheel 7047 for controlling the rotation of the second screw rod 7045 is provided at the end of the second screw rod 7045, and second screw rod seats 7048 for supporting the second screw rod 7045 are provided at both ends of the second screw rod 7045.

[0051] The Y-axis moving assembly 705 includes a Y-axis seat 7051 connected to the lifting assembly 701, two third slide rails 7052 arranged along the Y-axis direction are arranged on the Y-axis seat 7051, a third slider 7053 is slidably connected to the third slide rail 7052, an X-axis seat 7041 is connected to the third slider 7053, a third clamp 7054 is arranged at the end of the third slide rail 7052 to limit the sliding position of the third slider 7053, a third screw rod 7055 arranged parallel to the third slide rail 7052 is arranged between the two third slide rails 7052, and a third screw rod 7054 is arranged at the end of the third slide rail 7052 to limit the sliding position of the third slider 7053. A third connecting block 7057 is threadedly connected to 7055, and the third connecting block 7057 is connected to the bottom of the X-axis seat 7041 to drive the X-axis seat 7041 to move along the Y-axis direction. A third hand wheel 7058 is provided at the end of the third screw rod 7055, and the third hand wheel 7058 is used to drive the third screw rod 7055 to rotate. At the same time, third screw rod seats 7056 for supporting the third screw rod 7055 are provided at both ends of the third screw rod 7055. In addition, connecting holes 7059 for connecting the lifting assembly 701 are also provided at the corners on the Y-axis seat 7051.

[0052] The lifting assembly 701 includes a lifting base plate 7011 installed on the base 1, and vertically arranged lifting guide columns 7012 are arranged at the four corners of the lifting base plate 7011. The lifting guide columns 7012 are connected to the connecting holes 7059 on the Y-axis seat 7051 of the Y-axis moving assembly 705, and the guiding function is realized by the lifting guide columns 7012; the lifting assembly 701 also includes a lifting screw rod 7013 that is rotatably arranged on the lifting base plate 7011, and a lifting plate 7014 is threadedly connected to the lifting screw rod 7013, and the lifting plate 7014 is fixedly connected to the end of the Y-axis seat 7051. A fifth hand wheel 7015 for controlling the rotation of the lifting screw rod 7013 is arranged on the lifting screw rod 7013, and the rotation of the lifting screw rod 7013 is controlled by rotating the fifth hand wheel 7015, thereby controlling the synchronous lifting and lowering of the X-axis moving assembly 704, the Y-axis moving assembly 705 and the rotating assembly 702.

[0053] The rotation accuracy test module 601 includes two laser displacement sensors 6011 arranged perpendicular to each other and an upper sensor bracket 6013 and a lower sensor bracket 6014 for adjusting the position of the laser displacement sensor 6011. The lower sensor bracket 6014 is arranged on the gear box seat 206, and a sensor seat 6012 for mounting the laser displacement sensor 6011 is provided on the upper sensor bracket 6013.

[0054] In addition, the vibration signal test piece 602 includes several magnetic three-degree-of-freedom acceleration sensors and acquisition cards, and the magnetic three-degree-of-freedom acceleration sensors are arranged on the surface of the accessory head 4; the temperature test piece 603 includes several patch temperature sensors and acquisition cards, and the patch temperature sensors are arranged on the surface of the accessory head 4.

[0055] The accessory head 4 is also provided with a prism 604 which cooperates with the rotation accuracy test module 601 to perform a repeated positioning accuracy test on the accessory head 4 . The prism 604 is a 45° prism.

[0056] It should be noted that the X-axis and Y-axis mentioned in this article are directional axes defined by the moving direction of the hydraulic loading assembly 703, and the Z-axis is a directional axis defined by the lifting direction of the accessory head 4. The X-axis and Y-axis are both horizontally arranged, and the X-axis and Y-axis are perpendicular to each other, and the Z-axis is vertically arranged.

[0057] A test method for the comprehensive performance of an accessory head comprises the following steps:

[0058] S1. Preparation before the test: determine the test object and install the test object;

[0059] S2. Confirm the test conditions: determine whether the test object is to be subjected to loading test or displacement test, formulate a loading plan, and determine the load, movement speed and angle range of the test object;

[0060] S3, Loading test: determine the initial performance state of the test object, determine the test cycle, and then start load loading;

[0061] S4, Transposition test: determine the initial performance status of the test object, formulate the transposition test cycle, and then carry out the test;

[0062] S5. Index performance test: static performance test and dynamic performance test;

[0063] S6. Data processing and reliability research: Screen the error performance index data measured by S5, and use the screened data for comprehensive performance evaluation based on accessory head performance indicators, degradation model establishment, life model establishment, and reliability evaluation.

[0064] Specific instructions:

[0065] S1. Preparation before the test

[0066] S1.1 Determine the test subject:

[0067] Specify the model of the accessory head 4 to be tested for comprehensive performance, and record the dimensions of the test object for installation of the test object;

[0068] S1.2 Test object installation:

[0069] ① The accessory head 4 of the test object is clamped by the cooperation of the main shaft 5031 and the cylinder 504 of the clamping drive module 5, and the outer shell of the accessory head 4 is connected to the positioning block 506 by screws;

[0070] ② The upper end of the transmission shaft 301 of the bearing loading unit 3 is connected to the lower end of the accessory head 4;

[0071] ③ Adjust the spatial position of the torque loading module 2 so that the vertical shaft of the bevel gear box 204 is coaxial with the bearing loading unit 3, install the coupling, and adjust the spatial position of the accessory head 4 through the Z-axis motion component 501 of the clamping drive module 5 so that the lower end of the bearing loading unit 3 and the vertical shaft of the bevel gear box 204 are connected through the coupling;

[0072] ④ Use a laser alignment instrument to measure and accurately adjust the spatial position of the torque loading module 2 to ensure the alignment of the vertical shaft of the bevel gear box 204 and the transmission shaft 301 of the bearing loading unit 3;

[0073] S2. Confirm the test conditions:

[0074] S2.1 First analyze the working conditions of the test object, clarify the working conditions of the test object, and whether to carry out loading test or rotation test next;

[0075] S2.2 formulating a loading plan according to the analysis results of step S2.1, including the type, amplitude and period of the loading force and the amplitude and period of the loading torque;

[0076] S2.3 Determine the output shaft load, the movement speed and the angle range of the swing shaft and the rotary shaft of the accessory head 4 according to the analysis result of step S2.1;

[0077] S3. Loading test

[0078] S3.1 Determine the initial performance status of the test object;

[0079] First, the initial performance indicators of the selected test object are measured, including: the output shaft rotation trajectory, vibration, temperature rise, and stiffness under dynamic and static characteristics, the rotation accuracy is quantified according to the rotation trajectory, and the initial performance status of the test object is recorded;

[0080] S3.2 Determine the test period;

[0081] Since reliability tests are long-term and continuous, and loading tests record performance changes of the test object after running it under characteristic load conditions, it is necessary to confirm the operating cycle of the test bench under different loads and the cycle of comprehensive performance tests;

[0082] S3.3 Start load loading;

[0083] Start loading axial force, radial force and torque according to the load determined in step S2 and the test cycle established in S3.2;

[0084] S4. Translocation test

[0085] S4.1 Determine the initial performance state of the test object; first measure the initial performance indicators of the selected test object, including: the repeatability and positioning accuracy of the swing axis and the rotation axis of the accessory head 4;

[0086] S4.2 Establish a rotation test cycle; since the reliability test is long-term and continuous, and the rotation test is for the rotary shaft and swing shaft of the accessory head 4, the accessory head 4 does not bear the cutting load during the actual rotation and swing process, and the external load is the milling cutter gravity, so the rotation test is carried out with the gravity of the bearing loading unit 3 as the external load, and the load of the rotary shaft and the swing shaft is changed by adjusting the gravity of the bearing loading unit 3;

[0087] S4.3 Conduct the test: operate the accessory head according to the movement speed and angle range of the swing axis and the rotation axis of the accessory head 4 of the test object determined in step S4.2.

[0088] S5. Index performance test

[0089] S5.1 Static performance test;

[0090] The test bench is mainly used to measure the comprehensive performance of the test object's output shaft and the repeatability of the swing shaft and rotary shaft under the condition of no test load. The following two test processes are both carried out under no-load conditions;

[0091] ① Comprehensive performance measurement of the output shaft: operate the output shaft under different speed conditions, use the comprehensive performance test module to test the rotation trajectory, static stiffness, vibration and temperature rise of the accessory head 4 online, and quantify the rotation accuracy through the rotation trajectory;

[0092] ② Adjust the accessory head to the angle position to be measured, fix the 45-degree prism on the output shaft housing, place the laser displacement sensor of the rotation accuracy test module directly above the 45-degree prism 604, rotate the swing shaft of the accessory head 4 and return to the angle position to be measured, repeat the test, record the test data, and realize the measurement of the repeatability of the swing shaft. Adjust the swing shaft of the accessory head 4 to the target angle, rotate the rotary shaft of the accessory head 4 and return to the angle position to be measured, repeat the test, record the test data, and realize the measurement of the repeatability of the rotary shaft.

[0093] S5.2 Dynamic performance test;

[0094] The test bench is mainly used to test the comprehensive performance of the output shaft of the test object under different test load conditions; the only difference from the static comprehensive performance test in the previous step S5.1 is that the test process is carried out under load conditions, so the static performance test in step S5.1 is repeated under the load condition, and the test data obtained is the dynamic performance data;

[0095] S6, data processing and reliability research;

[0096] The error performance index data measured in step S5 is screened, and the screened data is used for comprehensive performance evaluation, degradation model establishment, life model establishment, and reliability evaluation based on the performance index of the accessory head 4.

[0097] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention; therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0098] Although this article uses more reference numerals in the figures: base 1, torque loading module 2, mobile platform 201, mobile platform bottom plate 2011, first slide rail 2012, first slider 2013, first clamp 2014, first screw rod 2015, first connecting block 2016, first hand wheel 2017, first screw rod seat 2018, dynamometer bottom plate 2019, eddy current dynamometer 202, gear box coupling 203, bevel gear box 204, gear box bottom plate 205, fixing groove 2051, fixing bolt 2052, gear box seat 206, mounting groove 2061, slide groove 2062, dial 2063, positioning hole 2064, bearing loading unit 3, transmission shaft 301, end cover 302, adding The load unit box 303, the bearing 304, the force head 305, the round nut 306, the accessory head 4, the clamping drive module 5, the Z-axis motion component 501, the Z-axis guide rail 5011, the Z-axis screw rod 5012, the Z-axis slider 5013, the Z-axis motor 5014, the Z-axis coupling 5015, the Z-axis motor seat 5016, the Z-axis connecting piece 5017, the Z-axis screw rod seat 5018, the column 502, the spindle box 503, the spindle 5031, the cylinder 504, the main transmission component 505, the main motor 5051, the driving pulley 5052, the synchronous belt 5053, the driven pulley 5054, the positioning block 506, the comprehensive performance test module 6, the rotation accuracy test module 601, the laser displacement sensor 6011, Sensor seat 6012, upper sensor bracket 6013, lower sensor bracket 6014, vibration signal test piece 602, temperature test piece 603, force loading module 7, lifting assembly 701, lifting base plate 7011, lifting guide column 7012, lifting screw rod 7013, lifting plate 7014, fifth hand wheel 7015, rotating assembly 702, rotating bracket 7021, limiting groove 7022, limiting piece 7023, rotating plate 7024, rotating bracket 7025, RV reducer 7026, adjusting hand wheel 7027, bracket mounting plate 7028, hydraulic loading assembly 703, pull rod displacement sensor 7031, electro-hydraulic servo valve mounting plate 7032, electro-hydraulic servo valve 7033, The present invention relates to the hydraulic cylinder 7034, the connecting plate 7035, the connecting shaft 7036, the tension pressure sensor 7037, the loading head 7038, the X-axis moving assembly 704, the X-axis seat 7041, the second slide rail 7042, the second slider 7043, the second clamp 7044, the second screw rod 7045, the second connecting block 7046, the second hand wheel 7047, the second screw rod seat 7048, the Y-axis moving assembly 705, the Y-axis seat 7051, the third slide rail 7052, the third slider 7053, the third clamp 7054, the third screw rod 7055, the third screw rod seat 7056, the third connecting block 7057, the third hand wheel 7058, the connecting hole 7059 and the like, but the possibility of using other terms is not excluded.These terms are used only to more conveniently describe and explain the essence of the present invention; any additional limitations interpreted as them are contrary to the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. An accessory head comprehensive performance test device, comprising a base (1) and a vertically arranged accessory head (4), characterized in that: The base (1) is provided with a torque loading module (2), a comprehensive performance test module (6) and a force loading module (7) for testing the accessory head (4); the base (1) is provided with a clamping drive module (5) for installing the accessory head (4) and controlling the movement of the accessory head (4); the torque loading module (2) is connected with a bearing loading unit (3) for transmitting an external load to the accessory head (4); the torque loading module (2) comprises a movable eddy current dynamometer (202) for loading torque on the accessory head (4) and a bevel gear box (204) for changing the loading direction; the force loading module (7) comprises a hydraulic loading component (703) and a mobile platform for realizing variable angle loading; the comprehensive performance test module (6) comprises a rotation accuracy test module (601) for detecting the rotation accuracy of the accessory head (4), a vibration signal test piece (602) for detecting vibration data of the accessory head (4) and a temperature test piece (603) for detecting temperature data of the accessory head (4).

2. The accessory head comprehensive performance test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The torque loading module (2) further comprises a moving platform (201) for controlling the movement of the eddy current dynamometer (202) and the bevel gear box (204); the moving platform (201) is provided with a gear box seat (206) for supporting and adjusting the angle of the bevel gear box (204).

3. The accessory head comprehensive performance test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bearing loading unit (3) comprises a loading unit housing (303) and a loading unit transmission shaft (301) and a force-bearing head (305) arranged in the loading unit housing (303); the force-bearing head (305) is connected to a force loading module (7) for bearing radial loads and axial loads transmitted by the force loading module (7).

4. The accessory head comprehensive performance test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping drive module (5) comprises a main spindle box (503) for mounting an accessory head (4) and driving the accessory head (4) to rotate; a cylinder (504) for fastening the accessory head (4) and a main spindle (5031) for connecting the accessory head (4) are provided on the main spindle box (503); a main transmission assembly (505) for driving the main spindle (5031) to rotate is provided in the main spindle box (503).

5. The accessory head comprehensive performance test device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The clamping drive module (5) further comprises a column (502), on which a Z-axis motion assembly (501) for adjusting the movement of the accessory head (4) in the vertical direction is provided, and a positioning block (506) for detecting the spatial position of the accessory head (4) is provided at the end of the main shaft (5031).

6. The accessory head comprehensive performance test device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hydraulic loading assembly (703) comprises a hydraulic cylinder (7034) and a loading head (7038) connected to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (7034); the loading head (7038) is in contact with the force-bearing head (305); a tension pressure sensor (7037) is provided between the loading head (7038) and the hydraulic cylinder (7034); and a pull rod displacement sensor (7031) for detecting the moving distance of the loading head (7038) is provided on one side of the hydraulic cylinder (7034).

7. The accessory head comprehensive performance test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mobile platform comprises a rotating assembly (702) for controlling the rotation of the hydraulic loading assembly (703), a lifting assembly (701) for controlling the lifting of the hydraulic loading assembly (703), an X-axis moving assembly (704) for controlling the movement of the hydraulic loading assembly (703) along the X-axis, and a Y-axis moving assembly (705) for controlling the movement of the hydraulic loading assembly (703) along the Y-axis.

8. The accessory head comprehensive performance test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotation accuracy test module (601) comprises two laser displacement sensors (6011) arranged perpendicular to each other and an upper sensor bracket (6013) and a lower sensor bracket (6014) for adjusting the positions of the laser displacement sensors (6011); the lower sensor bracket (6014) is arranged on the gear box seat (206).

9. The accessory head comprehensive performance test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The accessory head (4) is also provided with a prism (604) which cooperates with the rotation accuracy testing module (601) and is used to perform a repeated positioning accuracy test on the accessory head (4).

10. A test method for comprehensive performance of an accessory head, characterized in that: The accessory head comprehensive performance test device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises the following steps: S1. Preparation before the test: determine the test object and install the test object; S2. Confirm the test conditions: determine whether the test object is to be subjected to loading test or displacement test, formulate a loading plan, and determine the load, movement speed and angle range of the test object; S3, Loading test: Determine the initial performance state of the test object, determine the test cycle, and then start load loading; S4, Transposition test: determine the initial performance status of the test object, formulate the transposition test cycle, and then carry out the test; S5. Index performance test: static performance test and dynamic performance test; S6. Data processing and reliability research: Screen the error performance index data measured by S5, and use the screened data for comprehensive performance evaluation based on accessory head performance indicators, degradation model establishment, life model establishment, and reliability evaluation.

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