A fast mechanical switch based on a coil-type electromagnetic driving mechanism and a control method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of quick mechanical switch based on coil type electromagnetic driving mechanism, including vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber, static contact, moving contact, transmission connecting rod, electromagnetic driving mechanism, discharge circuit, holding mechanism and buffer mechanism, three coil type electromagnetic driving mechanism presented in the application can realize the quick mechanical switch with electromagnetic buffer function Quick switching operation, at the end of opening operation, three coil type electromagnetic driving mechanism of the application can also use electromagnetic force to suppress opening rebound, reduce opening rebound displacement and rebound time, and can reduce the instantaneous output requirement of holding mechanism when suppressing opening rebound, can reduce the volume of buffer mechanism and holding mechanism, so that the application range of this kind of quick mechanical switch is wider.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of quick mechanical switch for circuit breaker, in particular to a quick mechanical switch based on a coil type electromagnetic drive mechanism and a control method. BACKGROUND

[0002] High-voltage direct current grid opening refers to the process of cutting off current from the grid through specific devices and methods in a direct current grid, which is crucial for protecting the safety and stable operation of the grid. In the prior art, the preferred solutions for high-voltage direct current grid opening are mechanical direct current circuit breaker and hybrid direct current circuit breaker, each with its own characteristics and application scenarios. The quick mechanical switch, as the core component of the two, undertakes the important task of steady-state current carrying and transient pressure bearing. The electromagnetic drive mechanism has significant advantages in initial time, initial acceleration and opening and closing speed compared to other drive mechanisms. The quick mechanical switch based on the electromagnetic drive mechanism is a key technology for the development of current mechanical direct current circuit breaker and hybrid direct current circuit breaker.

[0003] The coil type electromagnetic drive mechanism has high electrical energy conversion efficiency and is commonly used in long-stroke, high-voltage grade mechanical switches. Due to its high opening and closing speed, it puts high requirements on the mechanical buffer mechanism and holding mechanism of the mechanical switch. For example, the invention patent CN202110705514.7 discloses a method for opening and closing electromagnetic buffering, which uses the electromagnetic force generated by the electromagnetic drive mechanism as the active buffer, thereby reducing the output requirement of the mechanical buffer mechanism. However, at the end of the opening action, the mechanical components may cause opening rebound due to elastic collision, and the mechanical holding mechanism still only provides instantaneous holding force. At the end of the opening action, the instantaneous holding force is insufficient, resulting in excessive opening rebound displacement, and in severe cases, even leading to opening failure. The mechanical buffer mechanism and holding mechanism used in the prior art have problems such as large size, easy mechanical failure, and insufficient instantaneous output.

[0004] The disclosure of the above background art is only used to assist in understanding the concept and technical solutions of the present application, and does not necessarily belong to the prior art of the present patent application. In the absence of explicit evidence that the above content has been disclosed on the filing date of the present patent application, the above background art should not be used to evaluate the novelty and inventiveness of the present application. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide a quick mechanical switch based on a coil type electromagnetic drive mechanism and a control method to solve the technical problems of insufficient instantaneous output of the mechanical buffer mechanism and holding mechanism in the quick mechanical switch, resulting in excessive opening rebound displacement, and in severe cases, even leading to opening failure.

[0006] To this end, the application provides a quick mechanical switch based on a coil type electromagnetic driving mechanism and a control method.

[0007] Preferably, the application can also have the following technical features:

[0008] A quick mechanical switch based on a coil type electromagnetic driving mechanism, comprising a vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber, a static contact, a dynamic contact, a transmission connecting rod, an electromagnetic driving mechanism, a discharge circuit, a holding mechanism and a buffer mechanism.

[0009] The static contact is arranged in the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber and is fixedly arranged at the top of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber.

[0010] The dynamic contact is arranged directly below the static contact, the lower end of the dynamic contact penetrates the bottom surface of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber and is fixedly connected with the upper end of the transmission connecting rod, and the dynamic contact can move up and down with the transmission connecting rod to realize closing or opening.

[0011] The electromagnetic driving mechanism is arranged below the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber and comprises an opening coil, a moving coil and a closing coil, the winding directions of the opening coil, the moving coil and the closing coil are the same, and they are all wound around the transmission connecting rod as the axis, can provide electromagnetic driving force and electromagnetic buffer force during the opening or closing process, and can provide instantaneous electromagnetic holding force at the end of the opening action; the moving coil is arranged on the transmission connecting rod and can move up and down with the transmission connecting rod, the moving coil is reversely connected in series with the opening coil, and the positive and negative connection relationship between the moving coil and the closing coil is determined by the current direction of the discharge circuit; the opening coil and the closing coil are fixedly arranged above and below the moving coil, respectively.

[0012] The holding mechanism is arranged between the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber and the electromagnetic driving mechanism, can provide steady holding force through the transmission connecting rod when the dynamic contact and the moving coil are at the closing or opening position, and can provide instantaneous holding force through the transmission connecting rod at the end of the closing or opening action.

[0013] The buffer mechanism is arranged directly below the transmission connecting rod and provides buffer force for the transmission connecting rod at the end of the opening action.

[0014] Preferably, the transmission connecting rod is made of insulating material.

[0015] Preferably, the opening coil, the moving coil and the closing coil all have two inner and outer wire outlets; the closing coil and four diodes form an H-bridge branch, so that the closing coil current flows in from the inner side and flows out from the outer side.

[0016] Preferably, the discharging circuit comprises a driving discharging branch, a buffering discharging branch, a holding discharging branch, each of which comprises a set of discharging capacitors and a set of thyristor control devices, and the buffering discharging branch is connected in parallel with the holding discharging branch and in opposite directions.

[0017] Preferably, the discharging circuit comprises a driving capacitor C1, a buffering capacitor C2, a holding capacitor C3, a thyristor T1, a thyristor T2, a thyristor T3.

[0018] The driving capacitor C1 and the thyristor T1 are connected in series to form the driving discharging branch, the positive terminal of the driving discharging branch is connected to the inner terminal of the breaking coil, the negative terminal of the driving discharging branch is connected to the inner terminal of the moving coil, and the outer terminal of the breaking coil is connected to the outer terminal of the moving coil.

[0019] The buffering capacitor C2 and the thyristor T2 are connected in series to form the buffering discharging branch, the positive terminal of the buffering discharging branch is connected to the upper terminal of the H-bridge branch via a diode, the negative terminal of the buffering discharging branch is connected to the inner terminal of the moving coil, and the outer terminal of the moving coil is connected to the lower terminal of the H-bridge branch.

[0020] The holding capacitor C3 and the thyristor T3 are connected in series to form the holding discharging branch, the positive terminal of the holding discharging branch is connected to the inner terminal of the moving coil, the negative terminal of the holding discharging branch is connected to the upper terminal of the H-bridge branch, and the outer terminal of the moving coil is connected to the lower terminal of the H-bridge branch.

[0021] Preferably, the holding mechanism comprises two fixed ends and two movable ends, one end of the movable end is connected to the fixed end, the other end is connected to the transmission connecting rod and can move up and down with the transmission connecting rod, the two fixed ends are symmetrically arranged about the transmission connecting rod, and the two movable ends are symmetrically arranged about the transmission connecting rod.

[0022] Preferably, the fixed end is provided with a bistable spring, and the movable end is a plurality of interconnected connecting rods.

[0023] Preferably, in the closed position, the distance between the buffering mechanism and the transmission connecting rod is less than the rated opening distance, so as to provide a buffering space for the end of the breaking action.

[0024] A control method of a quick mechanical switch based on a coil type electromagnetic driving mechanism as described above, the breaking action process comprising the following steps:

[0025] (1) During the opening drive stage, the thyristor T1 is turned on, the drive capacitor C1 is discharged, and the opening coil and the moving coil are filled with magnetizing currents in opposite directions. The opening coil and the moving coil generate magnetic fields in opposite directions. The electromagnetic repulsion force on the moving coil is downward. The transmission link overcomes the holding force of the holding mechanism in the closing direction, causing the moving contact, the transmission link and the moving coil to move downward.

[0026] (2) During the opening buffer stage, the thyristor T2 is turned on, the buffer capacitor C2 is discharged, and the moving coil and the closing coil are filled with magnetizing currents in opposite directions. The moving coil and the closing coil generate magnetic fields in opposite directions. The electromagnetic repulsion force on the moving coil is upward, which overcomes the holding force of the holding mechanism in the opening direction through the transmission link and reduces the movement speed of the moving contact, the transmission link and the moving coil in the opening direction.

[0027] (3) During the opening and holding stage, the thyristor T3 is turned on, the holding capacitor C3 is discharged, and the moving coil and the closing coil are filled with excitation current in the same direction. The moving coil and the closing coil generate magnetic fields in the same direction. The electromagnetic attraction force on the moving coil is downward. Under the combined action of the opening and holding force of the transmission link and the holding mechanism, the moving contact, the transmission link and the moving coil are held in the opening position, eliminating the rebound of the moving contact, the transmission link and the moving coil.

[0028] Preferably, the closing operation process includes the following steps: the thyristor T2 is turned on, the buffer capacitor C2 serves as the closing drive capacitor, the moving coil and the closing coil generate magnetic fields in opposite directions, the moving coil is subjected to an electromagnetic repulsion force in the upward direction, thereby overcoming the holding force of the holding mechanism in the opening direction through the transmission link, causing the moving contact, the transmission link and the moving coil to move upward.

[0029] The beneficial effects of this invention compared to the prior art include:

[0030] Compared to traditional unidirectional electromagnetic drive mechanisms, bidirectional electromagnetic drive mechanisms, and bidirectional electromagnetic drive mechanisms with electromagnetic buffers, the three-coil electromagnetic drive mechanism proposed in this invention can realize rapid opening and closing operations of fast mechanical switches with electromagnetic buffering function. At the end of the opening action, the three-coil electromagnetic drive mechanism of this invention can also use electromagnetic force to suppress opening rebound, reduce opening rebound displacement and rebound time, and reduce the instantaneous output requirements of the holding mechanism when suppressing opening rebound. It can also reduce the size of the buffer mechanism and the holding mechanism, making this type of fast mechanical switch more widely applicable. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fast mechanical switch provided by the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2a This is a schematic diagram of the operation of the fast mechanical switch tripping drive stage provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2b This is a schematic diagram of the operation of the fast mechanical switch tripping buffer stage provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2c This is a schematic diagram of the operation during the fast mechanical switch tripping and holding phase provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 3a for Figure 2a The diagram shows the current path of the discharge circuit during the operation.

[0036] Figure 3b for Figure 2b The diagram shows the current path of the discharge circuit during the operation.

[0037] Figure 3c for Figure 2c The diagram shows the current path of the discharge circuit during the operation.

[0038] 1-Vacuum interrupter; 11-Stationary contact; 12-Moving contact; 2-Transmission link; 3-Holding mechanism; 31-Bistable spring; 32-Linkage; 4-Buffer mechanism; 5-Electromagnetic drive mechanism; 51-Opening coil; 52-Moving coil; 53-Closing coil; 6-Discharge circuit. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be emphasized that the following description is merely exemplary and is not intended to limit the scope or application of the present invention.

[0040] Non-limiting and non-exclusive embodiments will be described with reference to the following figures, wherein the same reference numerals denote the same parts unless otherwise specifically stated.

[0041] Example 1:

[0042] A fast mechanical switch based on a coil-type electromagnetic drive mechanism, such as Figure 1As shown, it includes a vacuum interrupter 1, a stationary contact 11, a moving contact 12, a transmission link 2, an electromagnetic drive mechanism 5, a discharge circuit 6, a holding mechanism 3, and a buffer mechanism 4. It is understood that the transmission link 2 is made of insulating material. The stationary contact 11 is disposed inside the vacuum interrupter 1 and fixedly disposed at the top of the vacuum interrupter 1. The moving contact 12 is disposed directly below the stationary contact 11. The lower end of the moving contact 12 extends through the bottom surface of the vacuum interrupter 1 and is fixedly connected to the upper end of the transmission link 2. The moving contact 12 can move up and down with the transmission link 2 to achieve closing or opening. It can be understood that closing means the moving contact 12 moves closer to the stationary contact 11, and opening means the moving contact 12 moves away from the stationary contact 11. The electromagnetic drive mechanism 5 is disposed below the vacuum interrupter 1 and includes a opening coil 51, a moving coil 52, and a closing coil 53. The winding directions of the opening coil 51, the moving coil 52, and the closing coil 53 are the same, all wound around the transmission link 2 as the axis. It can provide electromagnetic driving force and electromagnetic buffering force during the opening or closing process, and provide electromagnetic buffering force at the end of the opening action. The system provides instantaneous electromagnetic holding force. The moving coil 52 is mounted on the transmission link 2 and can move up and down with the transmission link 2. The moving coil 52 is connected in reverse series with the opening coil 51. The forward and reverse series connection relationship between the moving coil 52 and the closing coil 53 is determined by the current direction of the discharge circuit 6. The opening coil 51 and the closing coil 52 are fixed in position and are respectively located above and below the moving coil 52. The holding mechanism 3 is located between the vacuum interrupter 1 and the electromagnetic drive mechanism 5. When the moving contact 12 and the moving coil 52 are in the closed or open position, the holding mechanism 3 can provide a steady-state holding force through the transmission link 2. At the end of the closing or opening action, the holding mechanism 3 can provide an instantaneous holding force through the transmission link 2. The buffer mechanism 4 is located directly below the transmission link 2 and provides a buffer force for the transmission link 2 at the end of the opening action. When the circuit is closed, the distance between the buffer mechanism 4 and the transmission link 2 is less than the rated opening distance, so as to provide buffer space at the end of the opening action.

[0043] Specifically, the trip coil 51, the motion coil 52 and the closing coil 53 each have two outgoing ports, one inside and one outside; the closing coil 53 and four diodes form an H-bridge branch, so that the current in the closing coil 53 flows in from the inside and flows out from the outside.

[0044] Specifically, the discharge circuit 6 includes a drive discharge branch, a buffer discharge branch, and a holding discharge branch, each containing a set of discharge capacitors and a set of thyristor control devices. The buffer discharge branch is connected in parallel with the holding discharge branch and in opposite directions.

[0045] likeFigure 2a , 2b As shown in 2c, 3a, 3b and 3c, the discharge circuit includes a driving capacitor C1, a buffer capacitor C2, a holding capacitor C3, a thyristor T1, a thyristor T2 and a thyristor T3. Specifically, the driving capacitor C1 and the thyristor T1 are connected in series to form the driving discharge branch. The positive terminal of the driving discharge branch is connected to the inner port of the trip coil 51, the negative terminal of the driving discharge branch is connected to the inner port of the motion coil 52, and the outer port of the trip coil 51 is connected to the outer port of the motion coil 52. The buffer capacitor C2 and the thyristor T2 are connected in series to form the buffer discharge branch. The positive terminal of the buffer discharge branch is connected to the upper port of the diode and the H-bridge branch, the negative terminal of the buffer discharge branch is connected to the inner port of the motion coil 52, and the outer port of the motion coil 52 is connected to the lower port of the H-bridge branch. The holding capacitor C3 and the thyristor T3 are connected in series to form the holding discharge branch. The positive terminal of the holding discharge branch is connected to the inner port of the motion coil 52, the negative terminal of the holding discharge branch is connected to the upper port of the H-bridge branch, and the outer port of the motion coil 52 is connected to the lower port of the H-bridge branch.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, in some examples of this embodiment, the retaining mechanism includes two fixed ends and two movable ends. One end of the movable end is connected to the fixed end, and the other end is connected to the transmission link, and can move up and down with the transmission link. The two fixed ends are symmetrically arranged about the transmission link, and the two movable ends are symmetrically arranged about the transmission link. Specifically, the fixed end is provided with a bistable spring 31, and the movable end is a plurality of interconnected links 32.

[0047] Example 2:

[0048] A control method for a fast mechanical switch based on a coil-type electromagnetic drive mechanism, comprising three stages in the opening and closing action process:

[0049] (1) During the tripping drive stage, such as Figure 2a and 3a As shown, after the control system issues a tripping command, the thyristor T1 turns on, the driving capacitor C1 discharges, and the tripping coil and the moving coil are filled with magnetizing currents in opposite directions. The tripping coil and the moving coil generate magnetic fields in opposite directions. The electromagnetic repulsion force on the moving coil is downward, which overcomes the holding force of the holding mechanism in the closing direction through the transmission link, causing the moving contact, the transmission link, and the moving coil to move downward until the thyristor T1 turns off, and the moving contact, the transmission link, and the moving coil enter the inertial phase. The current path of the electromagnetic drive mechanism and discharge circuit during the tripping drive phase is as follows:Figure 3a As shown.

[0050] (2) During the tripping buffer phase, such as Figure 2b and 3b As shown, thyristor T2 is turned on, buffer capacitor C2 is discharged, and magnetizing currents in opposite directions flow through the moving coil and the closing coil. The moving coil and the closing coil generate magnetic fields in opposite directions. The electromagnetic repulsion force on the moving coil is upward, which overcomes the holding force of the holding mechanism in the opening direction through the transmission link, and reduces the movement speed of the moving contact, the transmission link, and the moving coil in the opening direction. The parameters of the discharge circuit in the buffer stage should be designed so that the buffer capacitor completes discharge before reaching the opening position to prevent exacerbating the opening rebound. The current path of the electromagnetic drive mechanism and discharge circuit in the opening buffer stage is as follows: Figure 3b As shown.

[0051] (3) During the tripping and holding phase, such as Figure 2c and 3c As shown, when thyristor T3 is turned on, holding capacitor C3 discharges, and excitation currents in the same direction flow through the moving coil and the closing coil, generating magnetic fields in the same direction, the moving coil experiences an electromagnetic attraction force downwards. Under the combined action of the opening holding force of the transmission link and the holding mechanism, the moving contact, the transmission link, and the moving coil are held in the open position, eliminating the rebound of the moving contact, the transmission link, and the moving coil. The holding mechanism provides the maximum opening position holding force to the transmission link. The control system issues an electromagnetic holding command, thyristor T3 turns on, and the current generated by holding capacitor C3 flows through the positively connected closing coil and moving coil, generating an electromagnetic attraction force. The moving coil is again subjected to an electromagnetic attraction force in the "opening direction." This electromagnetic force, together with the holding mechanism, forms a composite holding mechanism to suppress the opening rebound. The discharge circuit parameters during the holding phase should be designed based on factors such as the opening rebound technical indicators, the output curve of the holding mechanism, and the buffer mechanism capacity. The current path of the electromagnetic drive mechanism and discharge circuit during the opening holding phase is as follows: Figure 3c As shown.

[0052] According to the above-mentioned control method for a fast mechanical switch based on a coil-type electromagnetic drive mechanism, the closing action includes the following steps: the thyristor T2 is turned on, the buffer capacitor C2 serves as the closing drive capacitor, the moving coil and the closing coil generate magnetic fields in opposite directions, the moving coil is subjected to an electromagnetic repulsion force in the upward direction, thereby overcoming the holding force of the holding mechanism in the opening direction through the transmission link, causing the moving contact, the transmission link and the moving coil to move upward until the moving contact reaches the designated closing position, and the closing action ends. Since the average closing speed is low, there is no need to design a buffer device with excessive capacity, and buffer materials such as polyurethane can be used.

[0053] The aforementioned rapid mechanical switching and control method based on a coil-type electromagnetic drive mechanism, compared with traditional unidirectional electromagnetic drive mechanisms, bidirectional electromagnetic drive mechanisms, and bidirectional electromagnetic drive mechanisms with electromagnetic buffers, allows the electromagnetic drive mechanism to perform three functions—electromagnetic drive, electromagnetic buffer, and electromagnetic holding—during the opening process using electromagnetic force. This improves the reliability of opening and provides important reference value for the multi-functionality of electromagnetic drive mechanisms. Furthermore, by reducing the instantaneous output requirements of the holding and buffering mechanisms through electromagnetic force, it helps to reduce the capacity of the mechanical mechanism, thus contributing to the miniaturization design of electromagnetic drive mechanisms.

[0054] Those skilled in the art will recognize that numerous variations are possible with respect to the above description, and the embodiments and figures are merely for describing one or more specific implementations.

[0055] Although exemplary embodiments of the invention have been described and illustrated, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes and substitutions can be made thereto without departing from the spirit of the invention. Furthermore, many modifications can be made to adapt specific situations to the doctrine of the invention without departing from the central concepts of the invention described herein. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but may include all embodiments and equivalents that fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A fast mechanical switch based on a coil-type electromagnetic drive mechanism, characterized in that: It includes a vacuum interrupter, stationary contact, moving contact, transmission link, electromagnetic drive mechanism, discharge circuit, holding mechanism and buffer mechanism; The stationary contact is disposed within the vacuum interrupter chamber and is fixedly disposed on the top of the vacuum interrupter chamber; The moving contact is located directly below the stationary contact. The lower end of the moving contact extends through the bottom surface of the vacuum interrupter and is fixedly connected to the upper end of the transmission link. The moving contact can move up and down with the transmission link to achieve closing or opening of the circuit. The electromagnetic drive mechanism is located below the vacuum interrupter and includes a tripping coil, a moving coil, and a closing coil. The tripping coil, the moving coil, and the closing coil are wound in the same direction, all around the transmission link. They provide electromagnetic driving force and electromagnetic buffering force during tripping or closing, and provide instantaneous electromagnetic holding force at the end of the tripping action. The moving coil is mounted on the transmission link and can move up and down with the transmission link. The moving coil is connected in series with the tripping coil in opposite directions. The forward and reverse series connection between the moving coil and the closing coil is determined by the current direction of the discharge circuit. The tripping coil and the closing coil are fixed in position and are respectively located above and below the moving coil. The holding mechanism is disposed between the vacuum interrupter and the electromagnetic drive mechanism. When the moving contact and the moving coil are in the closed or open position, the holding mechanism can provide a steady-state holding force through the transmission link; at the end of the closing or opening operation, the holding mechanism can provide an instantaneous holding force through the transmission link. The buffer mechanism is located directly below the transmission link and provides a buffering force to the transmission link at the end of the opening action; The tripping coil, the moving coil, and the closing coil each have two outgoing ports, one inside and one outside; the closing coil and four diodes form an H-bridge branch, so that the current in the closing coil flows in from the inside and flows out from the outside; The discharge circuit includes a drive discharge branch, a buffer discharge branch, and a holding discharge branch, each containing a set of discharge capacitors and a set of thyristor control devices. The buffer discharge branch is connected in parallel with the holding discharge branch and in opposite directions. The discharge circuit includes a driving capacitor C1, a buffer capacitor C2, a holding capacitor C3, a thyristor T1, a thyristor T2, and a thyristor T3. The driving capacitor C1 and the thyristor T1 are connected in series to form the driving discharge branch. The positive terminal of the driving discharge branch is connected to the inner terminal of the trip coil, the negative terminal of the driving discharge branch is connected to the inner terminal of the motion coil, and the outer terminal of the trip coil is connected to the outer terminal of the motion coil. The buffer capacitor C2 and the thyristor T2 are connected in series to form the buffer discharge branch. The positive terminal of the buffer discharge branch is connected to the upper terminal of the diode and the H-bridge branch. The negative terminal of the buffer discharge branch is connected to the inner terminal of the motion coil. The outer terminal of the motion coil is connected to the lower terminal of the H-bridge branch. The holding capacitor C3 and the thyristor T3 are connected in series to form the holding discharge branch. The positive terminal of the holding discharge branch is connected to the inner terminal of the moving coil, the negative terminal of the holding discharge branch is connected to the upper terminal of the H-bridge branch, and the outer terminal of the moving coil is connected to the lower terminal of the H-bridge branch. When the circuit is closed, the distance between the buffer mechanism and the transmission link is less than the rated opening distance, so as to provide buffer space at the end of the opening action.

2. The fast mechanical switch based on a coil-type electromagnetic drive mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission connecting rod is made of insulating material.

3. The fast mechanical switch based on a coil-type electromagnetic drive mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The retaining mechanism includes two fixed ends and two movable ends. One end of the movable end is connected to the fixed end, and the other end is connected to the transmission link and can move up and down with the transmission link. The two fixed ends are symmetrically arranged about the transmission link, and the two movable ends are symmetrically arranged about the transmission link.

4. The fast mechanical switch based on a coil-type electromagnetic drive mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fixed end is equipped with a bistable spring, and the movable end consists of several interconnected connecting rods.

5. A control method for a fast mechanical switch based on a coil-type electromagnetic drive mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tripping operation includes the following steps: (1) During the opening drive stage, the thyristor T1 is turned on, the drive capacitor C1 is discharged, and the opening coil and the moving coil are filled with magnetizing currents in opposite directions. The opening coil and the moving coil generate magnetic fields in opposite directions. The electromagnetic repulsion force on the moving coil is downward. The transmission link overcomes the holding force of the holding mechanism in the closing direction, causing the moving contact, the transmission link and the moving coil to move downward. (2) During the opening buffer stage, the thyristor T2 is turned on, the buffer capacitor C2 is discharged, and the moving coil and the closing coil are filled with magnetizing currents in opposite directions. The moving coil and the closing coil generate magnetic fields in opposite directions. The electromagnetic repulsion force on the moving coil is upward, which overcomes the holding force of the holding mechanism in the opening direction through the transmission link and reduces the movement speed of the moving contact, the transmission link and the moving coil in the opening direction. (3) During the opening and holding stage, the thyristor T3 is turned on, the holding capacitor C3 is discharged, and the moving coil and the closing coil are filled with excitation current in the same direction. The moving coil and the closing coil generate magnetic fields in the same direction. The electromagnetic attraction force on the moving coil is downward. Under the combined action of the opening and holding force of the transmission link and the holding mechanism, the moving contact, the transmission link and the moving coil are held in the opening position, eliminating the rebound of the moving contact, the transmission link and the moving coil.

6. The control method for a fast mechanical switch based on a coil-type electromagnetic drive mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The closing operation includes the following steps: the thyristor T2 is turned on, the buffer capacitor C2 serves as the closing drive capacitor, the moving coil and the closing coil generate magnetic fields in opposite directions, the moving coil is subjected to an electromagnetic repulsion force in the upward direction, thereby overcoming the holding force of the holding mechanism in the opening direction through the transmission link, causing the moving contact, the transmission link and the moving coil to move upward.

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