Mountain photovoltaic panel strong-wind-resistant swing suppression device and installation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a mountainous region photovoltaic panel strong-wind-resistant swing suppression device which comprises a fixed base provided with a plurality of mounting holes, a stand column assembly with one end rotatably connected with the fixed base, a photovoltaic panel mounting frame comprising a plurality of transverse supporting beams and longitudinal supporting beams, and a windproof inhaul cable assembly comprising at least three inhaul cables. And the wind direction sensor is mounted at the top of the photovoltaic panel mounting frame. Comprising the following steps of site preparation, fixed base installation, stand column assembly installation, photovoltaic panel installation frame assembling and installation, windproof inhaul cable assembly installation, sensor and controller installation and debugging and detection. The height and the angle of the stand column assembly can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual terrain and installation requirements, and it can be ensured that the device achieves the expected strong-wind-resistant swing restraining effect through debugging and detection steps after installation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of photovoltaic power station installation, and in particular to a mountain photovoltaic panel anti-strong wind sway suppression device and an installation method. Background Art

[0002] With the vigorous development of clean energy, photovoltaic power generation has been widely used as a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to obtain energy. Mountainous areas have large available space, and more and more photovoltaic power stations are being built in mountainous areas. However, compared with plain areas, mountainous environments have many special challenges, among which the impact of strong winds on mountain photovoltaic panels is particularly prominent.

[0003] Mountainous terrain is complex and often prone to complex and changeable airflows. Strong winds are frequent and wind direction and wind force are uncertain. When strong winds act on photovoltaic panels, they will swing significantly because they are usually installed on brackets at a certain height and have a large wind-receiving area. This swing will damage the structure of the photovoltaic panel itself. Long-term repeated swings can easily lead to loose connections and deformation of the frame, and may even cause the photovoltaic panel to break, greatly shortening the service life of the photovoltaic panel and increasing maintenance and replacement costs.

[0004] On the other hand, the swing of photovoltaic panels will affect their photoelectric conversion efficiency. During the swing process, the photovoltaic panels cannot always maintain the best lighting angle, which will reduce the effective receiving area and lighting time of sunlight, causing the overall power generation of the photovoltaic power generation system to decrease, and it cannot give full play to its due power generation efficiency, affecting the economic benefits of mountain photovoltaic power stations.

[0005] At present, although some existing photovoltaic panels have some wind protection measures, most of them are designed for the relatively stable wind conditions in plain areas, and are less adaptable to the complex and changeable strong wind environment in the mountains. For example, some conventional fixed bracket structures lack flexible angle adjustment capabilities, making it difficult to change the angle of the photovoltaic panel in real time according to wind direction changes to reduce wind resistance; some wind protection cables are not set reasonably and cannot effectively cope with strong winds of different directions and intensities, and it is still difficult to ensure the stability of the photovoltaic panel under the impact of strong winds in the mountains. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and an installation method for suppressing strong wind sway of mountain photovoltaic panels to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A device for suppressing strong wind swing of mountain photovoltaic panels, comprising: A fixed base, wherein the fixed base is provided with a plurality of mounting holes for being firmly connected to the mountain ground through anchor bolts, and the bottom of the fixed base has an inclined surface structure adapted to the mountain slope to ensure that the fixed base can be placed horizontally and stably on the inclined mountain surface; A column assembly, one end of which is rotatably connected to the fixed base and is provided with an adjusting screw and an adjusting sleeve matched therewith, and the column assembly can be telescopically adjusted in height along the axial direction by rotating the adjusting sleeve, and the other end of which is connected to a photovoltaic panel mounting frame; A photovoltaic panel mounting frame, comprising a plurality of transverse support beams and longitudinal support beams, which are interconnected to form a frame structure for fixing and mounting photovoltaic panels, and a shock-absorbing and buffering rubber pad is provided at the connection portion between the photovoltaic panel mounting frame and the column assembly; A windproof cable assembly, comprising at least three cables, one end of which is fixedly connected to different positions of the photovoltaic panel mounting frame, and the other end is fixed to the column assembly through a connector, and each cable is provided with a tension adjustment device for adjusting the tension of the cable, and the cable is made of a high-strength and low-elongation metal material; A wind direction sensor is installed on the top of the photovoltaic panel mounting frame, used to monitor wind direction information in real time, and is electrically connected to the controller; The controller receives the wind direction information from the wind direction sensor and controls the column assembly to adjust the angle according to a preset control algorithm, so that the photovoltaic panel can change the angle according to the wind direction to reduce wind resistance and swing amplitude.

[0008] Furthermore, the surface of the adjusting screw is provided with a wear-resistant and anti-corrosion coating, and the thickness of the wear-resistant and anti-corrosion coating is 0.1-0.3 mm.

[0009] Furthermore, the shock-absorbing and buffering rubber pad is a multi-layer structure, including an outer wear-resistant rubber layer, a middle elastic sponge layer and an inner anti-slip rubber layer, and the shock-absorbing and buffering rubber pad is fixedly connected to the connecting part of the photovoltaic panel mounting frame by an adhesive.

[0010] Furthermore, the connector adopts a spiral connector structure, the depth of its drilling into the mountain ground is adjustable, and a barb structure is provided on the surface of the connector to enhance the anchoring force with the mountain ground.

[0011] Furthermore, the controller is also connected to a remote communication module, which can send the monitoring data of the wind direction sensor and the operating status information of the device to a remote monitoring terminal, and receive control instructions from the remote monitoring terminal to remotely control the device.

[0012] A method for installing a mountain photovoltaic panel anti-strong wind swing suppression device comprises the following steps: Site preparation steps: Survey the mountain installation site, mark each installation point, determine the installation position of the fixed base according to the slope and geological conditions of the mountain, clean up the debris and loose stones in the site, and level the ground. If the ground soil is soft, compact it first or use concrete to cast the foundation layer; Installation steps of the fixed base: place the fixed base at the predetermined position, make the side with the inclined surface structure fit the mountain slope, pass the anchor bolts through the installation holes and tighten them, firmly fix the fixed base on the mountain ground, ensure that the upper surface of the fixed base is in a horizontal state, and use a level meter for detection and calibration; Steps for installing the column assembly: rotatably connect one end of the column assembly to the corresponding connection part of the fixed base through the rotating shaft, and then preliminarily adjust the length of the column assembly to roughly reach the preset installation height; The steps of assembling and installing the photovoltaic panel mounting frame are as follows: pre-assemble the photovoltaic panel mounting frame on the ground, and fix the photovoltaic panel in the frame structure formed by the transverse support beam and the longitudinal support beam of the photovoltaic panel mounting frame. Then, use the lifting equipment to lift the assembled photovoltaic panel mounting frame with the photovoltaic panel to the other end of the column assembly, so that the two are accurately connected, and install the shock-absorbing buffer rubber pad at the connection part; Installation steps of windproof cable assembly: fix one end of the cable of the windproof cable assembly at the predetermined connection point of the photovoltaic panel mounting frame, then install the connector at the corresponding position of the column assembly, connect the other end of the cable to the connector, and adjust the tension of the cable through the tension adjustment device so that each cable is evenly stressed, and the angle between the cable and the ground is controlled between 30°-60°; Sensor and controller installation steps: Install the wind direction sensor at the designated position on the top of the photovoltaic panel mounting frame to ensure that it can accurately sense changes in wind direction, then install the controller, connect the lines, and set the parameters of the controller so that it can normally control the column assembly to adjust the angle according to the information from the wind direction sensor; Debugging and testing steps: Start the entire device, check the operating status of the device by artificially simulating different wind directions and wind strengths, observe whether the swing amplitude of the photovoltaic panel is within the allowable range, check the angle adjustment function of the column assembly, the tension maintenance of the windproof cable assembly, and whether the control logic of the controller is accurate, and make timely adjustments and repairs to any problems found until the device achieves the expected anti-strong wind swing suppression effect.

[0013] Furthermore, in the site preparation step, when concrete is used to cast the foundation layer, the strength grade of the concrete is not less than C20, and the casting thickness is 10-20 cm.

[0014] Furthermore, in the step of installing the column assembly, when adjusting the length of the column assembly, the error is controlled within the range of ±5 mm.

[0015] Furthermore, in the sensor and controller installation steps, the wind direction sensor is installed at a height of 10-20 cm from the top plane of the photovoltaic panel mounting frame, and the installation direction needs to be aligned with the direction of strong winds that often occur locally.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention sets a fixed base, the inclined surface structure at the bottom of which can adapt to the mountain slope, and is firmly connected to the mountain ground with anchor bolts, thereby providing a solid foundation support for the entire device, which can effectively resist the horizontal and vertical forces generated by strong winds and prevent the overall displacement of the device.

[0017] The column assembly can not only adjust the height of the photovoltaic panel mounting frame to meet different mountain terrains and installation requirements, but also, under the control of the control unit based on the monitoring information of the wind direction sensor, it can change the angle of the photovoltaic panel in real time to make it adaptive to the wind direction, reduce wind resistance and swing amplitude, and avoid violent swinging of the photovoltaic panel caused by strong winds, thereby ensuring the integrity of the photovoltaic panel structure and reducing the occurrence of damage such as loose connection parts and frame deformation caused by swinging.

[0018] The windproof cable assembly uses multiple cables with tension adjustment devices and high-strength, low-elongation metal materials. The cables pull the photovoltaic panel mounting frame from different positions and can adjust the tension at the same time. They can apply stable tension to the photovoltaic panel in multiple directions, further limiting the swing range of the photovoltaic panel under strong winds. The synergistic effect greatly enhances the stability of the photovoltaic panel in complex strong wind environments in the mountains.

[0019] Since the device can effectively suppress the swing of photovoltaic panels under strong winds, the photovoltaic panels can maintain a relatively stable and close to optimal lighting angle for most of the time, ensuring that they can fully receive sunlight, maximize the use of light resources, and reduce the loss of power generation caused by problems such as light obstruction and poor lighting angle caused by swinging, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the entire mountain photovoltaic power station and enhancing economic benefits.

[0020] By reducing the swing of photovoltaic panels under strong winds, the wear between components and uneven structural force are reduced. The photovoltaic panels themselves are not prone to damage such as cracking. The connection parts, mounting frames and other related components can also avoid accelerated aging and damage due to long-term abnormal stress, thereby extending the service life of the entire photovoltaic system, correspondingly reducing the number of maintenance times and replacement costs, and further optimizing the operating costs and benefits of mountain photovoltaic power stations.

[0021] The fixed base of the device can adapt to mountain slopes of different slopes. The column components can flexibly adjust the height and angle according to the actual terrain and installation requirements. The installation method and steps are clear, and the installation points of each component are clear. The installation work can be completed relatively smoothly regardless of different geological conditions or complex mountain terrain. After installation, the debugging and testing steps can be used to ensure that the device achieves the expected anti-strong wind swing suppression effect. The device has good adaptability and operability as a whole, which is conducive to its wide promotion and application in the construction of mountain photovoltaic power stations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a front view schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the windproof cable assembly of the structure of the present invention.

[0023] In the figure: 1. fixed base; 101. mounting hole; 2. column assembly; 201. adjusting screw; 202. adjusting sleeve; 3. photovoltaic panel mounting frame; 301. transverse support beam; 302. longitudinal support beam; 303. shock-absorbing buffer rubber pad; 4. photovoltaic panel; 5. windproof cable assembly; 501. cable; 502. connector; 503. tension adjustment device; 6. wind direction sensor; 7. controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] The present invention provides a technical solution: a mountain photovoltaic panel anti-strong wind swing suppression device and an installation method: Reference Figure 1 —2 shows a device for suppressing the strong wind swing of mountain photovoltaic panels. The fixed base 1 is the basic component that connects the entire device to the mountain ground and plays a role of stable support. The entire base is cast with high-strength steel and has good compression and torsion resistance to cope with various forces in the complex mountain environment.

[0026] There are multiple mounting holes 101 evenly distributed on the upper surface of the fixed base 1, which are usually circular holes. The hole diameter is determined according to the specifications of the selected anchor bolts. For example, when M16 anchor bolts are generally selected, the diameter of the mounting hole 101 is designed to be 18 mm, so that the anchor bolts can pass smoothly and leave a certain installation margin. The number of mounting holes 101 is determined according to the size and load requirements of the fixed base 1. Four or six are common, distributed in a rectangular or circular array, so that the fixed base 1 can be evenly stressed after being connected to the mountain ground through the anchor bolts.

[0027] The bottom of the fixed base 1 is designed with an inclined surface structure, the inclination angle of which can be adjusted according to the common slope range of the mountain, and is generally designed to adapt to the slope angle of 0°-30°. The surface of the inclined surface structure on one side that contacts the mountain slope is frosted to increase the friction with the ground. At the same time, some irregular patterns can be pre-set on this side during manufacturing to further improve the anti-slip effect and ensure that it will not slide easily when placed on the mountain slope. During installation, the construction personnel use measuring tools such as a level to accurately place the fixed base 1 according to the inclination angle of the mountain slope, so that the upper surface of the fixed base 1 remains as horizontal as possible, providing a flat foundation for the installation of subsequent components.

[0028] The column assembly 2 mainly realizes the function of adjusting the height and angle of the photovoltaic panel mounting frame 3, so that it can be flexibly adjusted according to mountain terrain and changes in wind direction.

[0029] The adjusting screw 201 is a key component for the column assembly 2 to realize the telescopic function. It is made of high-quality alloy steel and has high strength and hardness. Its pitch design is reasonable. For example, the pitch is set to 5mm, so that a relatively accurate and stable telescopic adjustment can be achieved when adjusting the sleeve 202. The surface of the adjusting screw 201 has undergone a special wear-resistant and anti-corrosion treatment. It is first galvanized with a thickness of about 0.1mm, and then a layer of organic polymer wear-resistant and anti-corrosion coating is sprayed. The coating layer thickness is about 0.2mm. This double-layer protection can effectively resist the erosion of humid air, rainwater and corrosive substances that may be exposed in the mountain environment, ensuring that the adjusting screw 201 will not rust or wear after long-term use, and ensuring the reliability of the telescopic adjustment function.

[0030] The adjusting sleeve 202 matched with the adjusting screw 201 is also made of high-strength alloy steel, and its internal thread has high precision. The matching clearance with the adjusting screw 201 is controlled within a very small range, generally between 0.1mm-0.2mm, to prevent loosening or jamming during the adjustment process. The outer side of the adjusting sleeve 202 is provided with a handle for easy operation. The handle can be designed to be detachable, so that the construction personnel can rotate the adjusting sleeve 202 by a wrench or directly manually rotating the handle during installation and subsequent adjustment, thereby realizing the telescopic action of the adjusting screw 201.

[0031] One end of the column assembly 2 is rotatably connected to the fixed base 1 through a hinge structure. The hinge pin is made of high-strength steel with a large diameter, for example, a diameter of 20 mm, which can withstand a large shear force and ensure the reliability of the connection part during the angle adjustment of the photovoltaic panel mounting frame 3. The other end is connected to the photovoltaic panel mounting frame 3 through a flange. There are multiple bolt holes evenly distributed on the flange. It is connected to the photovoltaic panel mounting frame 3 through high-strength bolts. A sealing gasket is also provided at the connection part to prevent rainwater from entering the connection gap and causing corrosion. The mounting hole opened on the photovoltaic panel mounting frame 3 is a strip hole, which can be slid left and right to facilitate angle adjustment.

[0032] The photovoltaic panel mounting frame 3 is used for fixing and mounting the photovoltaic panel 4 , and its structural design must ensure stable support for the photovoltaic panel 4 , while also taking into account the coordination with other components and the reduction of its own weight.

[0033] The transverse support beams 301 and the longitudinal support beams 302 are mutually cross-welded to form a frame structure. The material of the beams is generally aluminum alloy, which has the advantages of light weight and high strength. At the same time, the surface is anodized to form a dense oxide film to improve its corrosion resistance. The spacing of the transverse support beams 301 is determined according to the size and specifications of the photovoltaic panel 4. For example, for a common 1.6m×0.992m photovoltaic panel, the spacing of the transverse support beams 301 can be set to 0.8m. The spacing of the longitudinal support beams 302 is generally set between 1m-1.2m based on a comprehensive consideration of factors such as the long side length of the photovoltaic panel 4. Such a spacing can evenly disperse the weight of the photovoltaic panel 4 and avoid excessive local stress.

[0034] A shock-absorbing and buffering rubber pad 303 is installed at the connection between the photovoltaic panel mounting frame 3 and the column assembly 2, which is a multi-layer structure. The outer wear-resistant rubber layer is made of nitrile rubber with a thickness of about 3mm, which has good wear resistance, oil resistance and aging resistance, and can resist the friction of sand and gravel in the mountain environment and the influence of long-term wind and sun exposure; the middle elastic sponge layer uses polyurethane sponge with a thickness of 5mm, which has high elasticity and good energy absorption effect. When the photovoltaic panel 4 is subjected to wind vibration external force, it can effectively absorb and buffer part of the vibration energy; the inner anti-skid rubber layer is also made of nitrile rubber with a thickness of about 2mm, and has anti-skid patterns on the surface. The connection part with the photovoltaic panel mounting frame 3 is bonded by strong glue to ensure that the rubber pad will not shift during use, thereby ensuring the stable performance of the shock-absorbing and buffering function.

[0035] The windproof cable assembly 5 plays a vital role in suppressing the swaying of the photovoltaic panel 4 in strong winds, and limits the swaying range of the photovoltaic panel mounting frame 3 by applying tension to the photovoltaic panel mounting frame 3 from different directions.

[0036] The cable 501 is made of high-strength, low-elongation metal material and high-strength steel wire rope. Its nominal tensile strength can reach more than 1770MPa. The diameter is determined according to the size of the photovoltaic panel mounting frame 3 and the required tension, and is generally between 8mm and 12mm. The surface of the cable 501 is wrapped with a protective cover made of polyethylene plastic with a thickness of about 1mm, which can not only prevent the cable 501 from being corroded by the external environment, but also avoid scratches and injuries to the surrounding personnel. Each cable 501 is specially anchored at the connection with the photovoltaic panel mounting frame 3 and the connector 502. By pressing the aluminum alloy ring, the end of the cable 501 forms a firm connector to ensure the reliability of the connection.

[0037] The connecting piece 502 adopts a tight hoop structure, and its main body is made of a steel pipe, so that it is locked on the column assembly 2 to provide greater force.

[0038] The tension adjustment device 503 is installed on the cable 501, and is mainly composed of an adjustment screw, an adjustment sleeve, and a tension sensor. The adjustment screw is arranged in parallel with the cable 501, one end of which is movably connected to the cable 501 through a connecting buckle, and the other end is fixed to a fixed seat through an adjustment sleeve, and the fixed seat is installed on the photovoltaic panel mounting frame 3 or the connecting member 502502. The tension sensor monitors the tension of the cable 501 in real time and transmits the data to the controller 7. The construction personnel or the controller 7 changes the elongation or shortening of the adjustment screw by rotating the adjustment sleeve according to the tension, and then adjusts the tension of the cable 501, so that the tension of each cable 501 is kept within a reasonable range, ensuring that the pulling force of the entire windproof cable assembly 5 on the photovoltaic panel mounting frame 3 is uniform and stable.

[0039] The wind direction sensor 6 is installed on the top of the photovoltaic panel mounting frame 3 to monitor the wind direction information in real time and accurately so that the controller 7 can make corresponding adjustments accordingly. The wind direction sensor 6 adopts a high-precision ultrasonic wind direction sensor, and its measurement accuracy can reach within ±3°, which can accurately sense the change of wind direction in a complex mountain environment. The sensor housing is made of waterproof, dustproof and UV-resistant engineering plastics, and the protection level reaches IP65, ensuring long-term stable operation in harsh outdoor environments. The wind direction sensor 6 is connected to the controller 7 through a signal line. The signal line adopts a shielded cable to prevent external electromagnetic interference from affecting the accuracy of signal transmission. The cable is wrapped with a wear-resistant rubber sheath to improve its wear resistance and ensure the stability and reliability of signal transmission.

[0040] The controller 7 serves as the "brain" of the entire device and is responsible for receiving wind direction information from the wind direction sensor 6 and controlling the column assembly 2 to adjust its angle according to a preset control algorithm, thereby achieving self-adaptation of the photovoltaic panel 4 to the wind direction.

[0041] The controller 7 is internally integrated with a high-performance microprocessor, such as a processor chip using an ARM architecture, which has a powerful data processing capability and a fast response speed. It stores a pre-written control program, which is based on a mathematical model between wind direction changes and the optimal angle adjustment of the photovoltaic panel 4. By analyzing and calculating the wind direction data transmitted in real time by the wind direction sensor 6, the angle value that the column assembly 2 needs to adjust is obtained, and then a control instruction is sent to the drive motor of the column assembly 2, and the drive motor drives the adjustment screw 201 to rotate, so as to achieve precise adjustment of the angle of the photovoltaic panel 4. At the same time, the controller 7 is also connected with a display screen and an operation button, which is convenient for on-site construction personnel or operation and maintenance personnel to perform operations such as parameter setting, manual control, and viewing the operating status of the device. In addition, the controller 7 is equipped with a remote communication module, which can use 4G / 5G wireless communication technology or based on the Internet of Things communication protocol such as Zigbee and LoRa, to send the monitoring data of the wind direction sensor 6 and the operating status information of the device to the remote monitoring terminal. The operation and maintenance personnel can understand the working status of the device in real time on the remote monitoring terminal, and can send remote control instructions to remotely control the device as needed, which greatly improves the convenience and efficiency of operation and maintenance.

[0042] Detailed steps for installing the anti-strong wind swing suppression device for mountain photovoltaic panels 1. Site preparation steps 1. Site survey: Before installing mountain photovoltaic panels, organize a professional survey team to conduct a comprehensive and detailed survey of the mountain installation site. Use total stations, GPS and other measuring equipment to accurately measure the topography of the mountain, draw a detailed topographic map, and mark the slope, altitude, and geological conditions of each area. Focus on the direction where strong winds often occur and areas with high wind speeds, analyze the characteristics of wind conditions in different locations, and provide a basis for the subsequent determination of the installation layout of photovoltaic panels and the specific installation location of the device.

[0043] 2. Installation point marking: According to the site survey results and the overall planning and design of the photovoltaic power station, accurately mark the installation points of each fixed base 1 on the mountain ground. The layout of the installation points should take into account the spacing between photovoltaic panels, light blocking conditions, and convenience for subsequent construction and operation and maintenance. Generally, they are arranged in a determinant or staggered manner. The horizontal and vertical spacing between adjacent photovoltaic panel mounting frames 3 are reasonably determined according to the size of the photovoltaic panels 4 and the local sunshine conditions. For example, the horizontal spacing can be set to 2m-3m, and the vertical spacing can be set to 3m-4m. At the same time, sufficient space should be reserved for laying cables and other ancillary facilities.

[0044] 3. Site cleaning and leveling: Clean up the marked installation points and their surrounding areas, and remove obstacles such as stones, weeds, and tree roots that may affect the installation. For areas with large undulations or unevenness, use a small excavator or manual leveling to make the ground as flat as possible to reduce the possibility of tilting of the device after installation. If you encounter areas with soft soil, especially in some valleys or places where water is easily accumulated at the bottom of the hillside, you need to compact the ground first. You can use a frog-type rammer to tamp repeatedly. The thickness of each layer should be controlled at 20cm-30cm, and the number of tamping times should be no less than 3 times to ensure that the ground has sufficient bearing capacity. If the tamping effect is still not ideal after evaluation, it is reinforced by pouring the foundation layer with concrete. When pouring the concrete foundation layer, operate in accordance with the requirements of the concrete construction specifications. First, set up the formwork. The formwork uses plywood with a thickness of 1.5cm-2cm to ensure that the formwork is tightly spliced ​​and firm to prevent concrete leakage. The mix ratio of concrete is strictly formulated according to the design requirements, and the strength grade is not lower than C20. Generally, the mix ratio of cement: sand: gravel: water is about 1:1.5:3:0.5. After mixing evenly, pour it into the formwork. The pouring thickness is controlled at 10cm-20cm. Use a vibrator to vibrate and compact it to ensure the quality of the concrete foundation layer. After the concrete reaches a certain strength, it is generally cured at room temperature for about 7 days. The strength can reach about 70% of the design strength before the subsequent installation of the fixed base 1 is carried out.

[0045] 2. Fixed base installation steps 1. Base placement: Move the fixed base 1 to the pre-marked installation point, and the construction personnel will make the inclined surface structure 102 at the bottom of the fixed base 1 fit the slope tightly according to the inclination angle of the mountain slope to ensure that the fixed base 1 is placed stably. During the placement process, tools such as crowbars can be used to assist in adjusting the position, and the levelness can be measured at different positions on the upper surface of the fixed base 1 with a level to ensure that the levelness error of the upper surface is controlled within ±2mm. If deviation is found, a thin iron sheet can be placed at the bottom of the base for fine-tuning until the level requirement is met.

[0046] 2. Installation of anchor bolts: After the position and levelness of the fixed base 1 are adjusted, the anchor bolts are passed through the mounting holes 101 on the fixed base 1, and the lower ends of the bolts are inserted into the holes pre-drilled in the mountain ground. The depth of the holes is determined according to the length of the anchor bolts, which is generally 5cm-10cm longer than the length of the anchor bolts. Then, cement mortar is poured into the holes. The consistency of the cement mortar should be moderate to ensure that it has good fluidity and filling properties. The amount of cement mortar poured should ensure that the holes are filled and slightly overflowed, so that the anchor bolts are firmly combined with the mountain ground. The gaskets and nuts are inserted into the anchor bolts in turn, and tightened with a torque wrench according to the specified torque value. The torque value is determined according to the specifications and design requirements of the anchor bolts. For example, for M16 anchor bolts, the torque value is generally controlled between 100N·m-120N·m to ensure that the connection between the fixed base 1 and the mountain ground is firm and reliable, and will not loosen or shift due to external forces such as strong winds.

[0047] 3. Column assembly installation steps 1. Component connection: Move the column component 2 to the side of the installed fixed base 1, accurately connect one end of the column component 2 with the corresponding connection part of the fixed base 1 through the hinge structure, insert the pin and install the cotter pin and other anti-drop devices to ensure that the hinge connection is firm and can rotate flexibly. Then align the flange at the other end of the column component 2 with the corresponding connection part of the photovoltaic panel mounting frame 3, and perform preliminary tightening with high-strength bolts. The tightening torque of the bolts must meet the design requirements. Generally, a torque wrench is used to control the tightening torque within the specified range to prevent the bolts from loosening or damage to the components due to over-tightening. In addition, the connection between the column component 2 and the photovoltaic panel mounting frame 3 uses a strip hole to facilitate angle adjustment.

[0048] 2. Length adjustment: After completing the initial connection, the construction personnel adjust the length of the column assembly 2 by adjusting the sleeve 202 according to the pre-designed photovoltaic panel installation height and the actual situation on site. During the adjustment process, use a measuring tool such as a tape measure to measure the telescopic length of the column assembly 2 in real time, so that its error is controlled within the range of ±5mm, ensuring that the photovoltaic panel mounting frame 3 can reach a suitable installation height, facilitating the subsequent installation of the photovoltaic panel 4 and the angle adjustment of the entire device. After adjusting the length, check the tightness of each connection again to ensure a reliable connection.

[0049] 4. Photovoltaic panel mounting frame assembly and installation steps 1. Mounting frame assembly: In an area with a relatively flat and open ground, pre-assemble the photovoltaic panel mounting frame 3 according to the design requirements. First, place the horizontal support beam 301 and the longitudinal support beam 302 at the specified spacing, and use welding equipment to weld and connect them. During the welding process, ensure that the weld is uniform and full, without welding defects such as pores and slag inclusions. After welding is completed, check the appearance of the weld. If there are any places that do not meet the requirements, repair them in time. Then grind the welding parts to make their surfaces smooth to avoid scratches and damage when installing the photovoltaic panels 4 later.

[0050] 2. Photovoltaic panel installation: Carefully move the photovoltaic panel 4 to the top of the assembled photovoltaic panel mounting frame 3, align the reserved mounting holes of the photovoltaic panel 4 with the corresponding parts of the photovoltaic panel mounting frame 3, and use stainless steel self-tapping screws to fix the photovoltaic panel 4 to the mounting frame. The specifications of the screws should be compatible with the mounting holes, and the tightening force should be moderate, which should ensure that the photovoltaic panel 4 is firmly fixed and prevent damage to the photovoltaic panel 4 due to over-tightening. Under normal circumstances, the tightening torque of the screws is controlled between 5N·m-8N·m. During the installation process, pay attention to the orientation of the photovoltaic panel 4 to ensure that its lighting surface is facing the correct direction and meets the local sunshine conditions and power station design requirements.

[0051] 3. Lifting and docking of the mounting frame: Use a crane or other lifting equipment. The lifting capacity of the lifting equipment should be reasonably selected according to the total weight of the photovoltaic panel mounting frame 3 and the photovoltaic panel 4 to ensure safe lifting. Lift the photovoltaic panel mounting frame 3 equipped with the photovoltaic panel 4 to the top of the prepared connection part at the other end of the column assembly 2. During the lifting process, arrange a special person to direct the lifting operation to ensure smooth lifting and slow movement to avoid shaking, collision, etc. of the photovoltaic panel 4 and the mounting frame. After lifting to the correct position, slowly lower it so that the photovoltaic panel mounting frame 3 is accurately docked with the flange of the column assembly 2, then insert the high-strength bolts and tighten them according to the specified torque. At the same time, install the shock-absorbing and buffering rubber pad 303 at the connection part, accurately fit the layers of the rubber pad to the connection part, and use adhesive to firmly bond them to ensure that it can effectively play a shock-absorbing and buffering role in subsequent use.

[0052] 5. Installation steps of windproof cable assembly 1. Cable connection with mounting frame: Predetermine the connection points of the cable 501 of the windproof cable assembly 5 on the photovoltaic panel mounting frame 3, generally connect at key stress points such as the four corners and the middle of the edge of the mounting frame to ensure uniform distribution of tension. Install the connector of the cable 501 at the connection point, and fasten one end of the cable 501 to the mounting frame with bolts, nuts and other connectors. When tightening the nut, ensure that the connection is firm to prevent the cable 501 from loosening and detaching during use.

[0053] 2. Connector installation: According to the direction and length of the cable 501, determine the installation point of the connector 502 on the column at the corresponding position on the mountain ground. During the installation of the connector 502, mechanical power equipment such as a small loader can be used to provide rotational torque to assist in its fixation, ensuring that it can reach the predetermined position and shorten the torque length to provide sufficient stability.

[0054] 3. Cable connection and ground anchor and tension adjustment: Connect the other end of the cable 501 to the installed connector 502, and also use a reliable connection method, such as connecting it with the fixing ring on the connector 502 through a pressed connector, and check the firmness of the connection after connection. Then, adjust the tightness of the cable 501 through the tension adjustment device 503, operate the adjustment nut, observe the data fed back by the tension sensor, so that the tension of each cable 501 gradually reaches the preset reasonable range, and pay attention to the angle between the cable 501 and the ground, and control it between 30°-60°. This angle range can ensure that the cable 501 can effectively play a pulling role under different wind directions and wind conditions, and limit the swing of the photovoltaic panel mounting frame 3. During the adjustment process, check the connection part of the cable 501 and the stability of the connector 502 several times to ensure that the entire windproof cable assembly 5 is in good working condition.

[0055] 6. Sensor and controller installation steps 1. Installation of wind direction sensor: Move the wind direction sensor 6 to the designated installation position on the top of the photovoltaic panel mounting frame 3. The position should be 10-20 cm away from the top plane of the photovoltaic panel mounting frame 3, and the installation direction should be aligned with the direction of the strong winds that often occur locally, so as to ensure that the wind direction sensor 6 can accurately sense the change in wind direction. Use screws or buckles and other connectors to fix the wind direction sensor 6 to the mounting frame. The fixation should be firm to prevent the sensor from shifting or loosening due to external forces such as wind. During the installation process, pay attention to protecting the signal line of the wind direction sensor 6 to prevent the signal line from being squeezed, pulled or damaged. Lay the signal line in an orderly manner along the beam of the photovoltaic panel mounting frame 3 and fix it with cable ties to prevent it from shaking at will and affecting signal transmission.

[0056] 2. Controller installation: Choose a suitable installation location to install the controller 7. Generally, choose a place close to the photovoltaic panel mounting frame 3 and convenient for operation and maintenance, such as building a small protective box near the fixed base 1. The protective box is made of rainproof, sunproof and dustproof materials, and the protection level reaches IP55 and above. Place the controller 7 in the protective box. Install the fixed bracket of the controller 7 in the protective box, fix the controller 7 on the bracket, and then connect the line. Connect the signal line from the wind direction sensor 6 to the corresponding signal input port of the controller 7 to ensure that the line connection is accurate. The wiring should be well insulated to prevent safety hazards such as leakage. After completing the line connection, set the parameters of the controller 7, including the initial angle setting, the angle adjustment amplitude setting corresponding to the wind direction change, and the communication parameter setting of the remote communication module, so that the controller 7 can normally control the column assembly 2 to adjust the angle according to the information from the wind direction sensor 6, and can achieve normal communication with the remote monitoring terminal.

[0057] 7. Debugging and testing steps 1. Startup preparation: After completing the installation of all the above components, conduct a comprehensive inspection of the entire device, including whether the connection of each component is firm, whether the line is connected correctly, whether each adjustment device is in a normal and operable state, etc. After confirmation, connect the power supply to the controller 7. The power supply can be a suitable voltage introduced from the mains and processed by voltage stabilization and voltage transformation, or an independent power supply system composed of solar panels and batteries. Select according to the actual situation, start the controller 7, make it enter the working state, and turn on the remote communication module at the same time to ensure that the remote monitoring terminal can receive relevant information of the device.

[0058] 2. Simulation test: simulate the actual strong wind environment by artificially creating different wind directions and wind conditions. For example, a high-power fan can be used to perform a wind test on the photovoltaic panel 4 in different directions and different wind speed gears, observe the swing amplitude of the photovoltaic panel 4, and use a laser rangefinder and other measuring equipment to measure the displacement of the photovoltaic panel 4 during the swing process to check whether it is within the allowable swing range. Generally, according to the specifications and design requirements of the photovoltaic panel 4, the swing amplitude is controlled within ±10cm and is considered qualified. At the same time, observe whether the angle adjustment function of the column assembly 2 is normal, and check whether it can adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel 4 in a timely and accurate manner according to the information from the wind direction sensor 6 to reduce wind resistance; check the tension maintenance of the windproof cable assembly 5 to see whether each cable 501 can stably maintain tension under different force conditions, and will not have abnormal conditions such as relaxation or over-tension; check whether the control logic of the controller 7 is accurate, and whether its control instructions for each component meet the preset requirements, such as whether the accuracy of the angle adjustment meets the design standard, and the angle adjustment error is controlled within ±3°.

[0059] 3. Troubleshooting and repair: During the simulation test, if there are problems, such as the swing amplitude of the photovoltaic panel 4 is too large, or a component fails, the test should be stopped in time and the problem should be analyzed in detail. According to the manifestation of the problem and the location where the problem may occur, the installation, connection, electrical circuit and operating parameters of the relevant components should be checked step by step to find out the root cause of the problem. For example, if it is found that the swing amplitude of the photovoltaic panel 4 is too large, it may be caused by uneven tension of the windproof cable assembly 5 or untimely adjustment of the angle of the column assembly 2. According to different reasons, corresponding repair measures should be taken, such as re-adjusting the tension of the cable 501, checking whether the control program of the controller 7 or the sensor signal transmission is normal, etc. After timely adjustment and repair of the problems found, the simulation test is carried out again, repeatedly, until the device achieves the expected anti-strong wind swing suppression effect, and can operate stably in the simulated strong wind environment, ensuring that the stability and power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel 4 can be effectively guaranteed under the actual mountain strong wind conditions.

Claims

1. A device for suppressing strong wind swing of mountain photovoltaic panels, characterized in that: include: A fixed base (1), the fixed base (1) being provided with a plurality of mounting holes (101) for being firmly connected to the mountain ground via anchor bolts, and having an inclined surface structure adapted to the mountain slope at its bottom to ensure that the fixed base (1) can be placed horizontally and stably on the inclined mountain surface; A column assembly (2), one end of which is rotatably connected to the fixed base (1) and is provided with an adjustment screw (201) and an adjustment sleeve (202) matched therewith, and the column assembly (2) can be telescopically adjusted in height along the axial direction by rotating the adjustment sleeve (202), and the other end of which is connected to a photovoltaic panel mounting frame (3); A photovoltaic panel mounting frame (3), comprising a plurality of transverse support beams (301) and longitudinal support beams (302), which are interconnected to form a frame structure and are used for fixing and mounting a photovoltaic panel (4); a shock-absorbing and buffering rubber pad (303) is provided at a connection portion between the photovoltaic panel mounting frame (3) and the column assembly (2); A windproof cable assembly (5), comprising at least three cables (501), one end of each cable (501) being fixedly connected to different positions of the photovoltaic panel mounting frame (3), and the other end of each cable being fixed to the column assembly (2) via a connecting piece (502), and each cable (501) being provided with a tension adjustment device (503) for adjusting the tension of the cable, and the cables (501) being made of a high-strength, low-elongation metal material; A wind direction sensor (6) is mounted on the top of the photovoltaic panel mounting frame (3), is used to monitor wind direction information in real time, and is electrically connected to the controller (7); A controller (7) receives wind direction information transmitted by the wind direction sensor (6) and controls the column assembly (2) to adjust its angle according to a preset control algorithm, so that the photovoltaic panel (4) can change its angle according to the wind direction, thereby reducing wind resistance and swing amplitude.

2. The device for suppressing strong wind swing of mountain photovoltaic panels according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The surface of the adjusting screw (201) is provided with a wear-resistant and anti-corrosion coating, and the thickness of the wear-resistant and anti-corrosion coating is 0.1-0.3 mm.

3. The device for suppressing strong wind swing of mountain photovoltaic panels according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The shock-absorbing and buffering rubber pad (303) is a multi-layer structure, comprising an outer wear-resistant rubber layer, a middle elastic sponge layer, and an inner anti-slip rubber layer, and the shock-absorbing and buffering rubber pad (303) is fixedly connected to the connecting portion of the photovoltaic panel mounting frame (3) by means of an adhesive.

4. The device for suppressing strong wind swing of mountain photovoltaic panels according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The connecting piece (502) adopts a spiral connecting piece structure, the depth of which the connecting piece (502) is drilled into the mountain ground is adjustable, and a barb structure is provided on the surface of the connecting piece (502) to enhance the anchoring force with the mountain ground.

5. The device for suppressing strong wind swing of mountain photovoltaic panels according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The controller (7) is also connected to a remote communication module, which is capable of sending the monitoring data of the wind direction sensor (6) and the operating status information of the device to a remote monitoring terminal, and receiving control instructions from the remote monitoring terminal to remotely control the device.

6. A method for installing a mountain photovoltaic panel anti-strong wind swing suppression device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: site Preparation steps: Survey the installation site in the mountainous area, mark the various installation points, determine the installation position of the fixed base (1) according to the slope and geological conditions of the mountainous area, clean up the debris and loose stones in the site, and level the ground. If the ground soil is soft, first compact it or use concrete to cast the foundation layer; The fixing base installation steps are as follows: the fixing base (1) is placed at a predetermined position so that the side with the inclined surface structure is in contact with the mountain slope, and the fixing base (1) is firmly fixed on the mountain ground by passing the anchor bolts through the mounting holes (101) and tightening them, ensuring that the upper surface of the fixing base (1) is in a horizontal state, and using a level meter for detection and calibration; Steps for installing the column assembly: rotatably connecting one end of the column assembly (2) to a corresponding connection portion of the fixed base (1) via a rotating shaft, and then preliminarily adjusting the length of the column assembly (2) so that it roughly reaches a preset installation height; The photovoltaic panel mounting frame assembly and installation steps are as follows: the photovoltaic panel mounting frame (3) is pre-assembled on the ground, and the photovoltaic panel (4) is fixedly mounted in the frame structure formed by the transverse support beam (301) and the longitudinal support beam (302) of the photovoltaic panel mounting frame (3), and then the assembled photovoltaic panel mounting frame (3) with the photovoltaic panel (4) is hoisted to the other end of the column assembly (2) by using a hoisting device, so that the two are accurately connected, and a shock-absorbing buffer rubber pad (303) is installed at the connection position; The steps of installing the windproof cable assembly are as follows: fixing one end of the cable (501) of the windproof cable assembly (5) at a predetermined connection point of the photovoltaic panel mounting frame (3), then installing a connector (502) at a corresponding position of the column assembly (2), connecting the other end of the cable (501) to the connector (502), and adjusting the tension of the cable (501) by a tension adjustment device (503) so that each cable (501) is evenly stressed, and the angle between the cable (501) and the ground is controlled to be between 30° and 60°; Sensor and controller installation steps: install the wind direction sensor (6) at a designated position on the top of the photovoltaic panel mounting frame (3) to ensure that it can accurately sense changes in wind direction, then install the controller (7), connect the lines, and set the parameters of the controller (7) so that it can normally control the column assembly (2) to adjust the angle according to the information transmitted by the wind direction sensor (6); Debugging and testing steps: Start the entire device, check the operating status of the device by artificially simulating different wind directions and wind forces, observe whether the swing amplitude of the photovoltaic panel (4) is within the allowable range, check the angle adjustment function of the column assembly (2), the tension maintenance of the windproof cable assembly (5), and whether the control logic of the controller (7) is accurate, and make timely adjustments and repairs to any problems found until the device achieves the expected strong wind swing suppression effect.

7. The method for installing a mountain photovoltaic panel anti-strong wind swing suppression device according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the site preparation step, when concrete is used to cast the foundation layer, the strength grade of the concrete is not less than C20, and the casting thickness is 10-20 cm.

8. The method for installing a mountain photovoltaic panel anti-strong wind sway suppression device according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the step of installing the column assembly, when adjusting the length of the column assembly (2), the error is controlled within the range of ±5 mm.

9. The method for installing a mountain photovoltaic panel anti-strong wind swing suppression device according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the sensor and controller installation steps, the installation height of the wind direction sensor (6) is 10-20 centimeters from the top plane of the photovoltaic panel mounting frame (3), and the installation direction needs to be aligned with the direction of strong winds that often occur locally.

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