Photovoltaic intelligent control system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of new energy, in particular to a photovoltaic intelligent control system. The photovoltaic intelligent control system comprises a detection and analysis module which is used for detecting the real-time generated power of the photovoltaic power generation unit and obtaining the unit generated power of the photovoltaic power generation unit. And the external environment analysis module is used for detecting an external influence environment to obtain an external influence parameter factor. And the calculation and analysis module is used for calculating to obtain equipment parameter factors according to the unit generation power and the external influence parameter factors, and constructing a weekly equipment influence curve and an intra-period equipment influence curve. And the calculation and comparison module is used for calculating first-order derivatives of the weekly equipment influence curve and the intra-period equipment influence curve and judging the state of the photovoltaic power generation unit. Management is carried out through the system, the conditions of damage, aging, dust coverage and the like of the photovoltaic power generation unit can be distinguished, missing detection of small-area damage of the photovoltaic panel is avoided, and data analysis is timely.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of new energy technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic intelligent control system. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic power station is a facility that uses solar photovoltaic panels to convert sunlight into electricity. Photovoltaic power stations have developed rapidly around the world and have become an important part of clean energy. The following is an introduction to several aspects of photovoltaic power stations: Principle: The working principle of photovoltaic power stations is based on the photoelectric effect. After absorbing sunlight, solar photovoltaic panels generate electron-hole pairs, and the electron-hole pairs are separated and recombined inside the battery. In this process, a weak current is generated, which can be processed by a power conversion device (such as an inverter) to output clean electricity. Structural composition: Photovoltaic power stations are mainly composed of the following parts: Ground or rooftop solar photovoltaic panels: used to receive and convert sunlight energy. Power conversion device: such as an inverter, which converts direct current into alternating current. Control system: monitors and controls the operation of photovoltaic power stations, including functions such as maximum power point tracking (MPPT). Bracket and mounting system: used to fix and install photovoltaic modules and lines connected to the power grid. Monitoring system: real-time monitoring and control of the operating status of photovoltaic power stations, as well as collection and analysis of relevant data. Type: According to the different installation methods of photovoltaic modules, photovoltaic power stations can be divided into ground photovoltaic power stations and rooftop photovoltaic power stations. Scale: The scale of photovoltaic power stations can range from small to large, and the common ones are large ground photovoltaic power stations, medium-sized rooftop photovoltaic power stations and small distributed photovoltaic power stations. Advantages: Photovoltaic power stations have obvious advantages in many aspects, such as environmental protection, renewable energy, and saving fossil fuels. With the continuous advancement of technology, the cost of photovoltaic power stations is also gradually decreasing, making them more and more valued. In short, as a clean energy facility, photovoltaic power stations have broad development prospects.

[0003] Existing photovoltaic equipment requires relevant personnel to conduct regular inspections of the equipment to detect whether there are any abnormalities in the photovoltaic panels. This will make inspections difficult for large-scale photovoltaic power stations. It is difficult to distinguish the effects of aging, dust coverage, etc. of photovoltaic panels from damage to photovoltaic panels, thus causing management difficulties. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a photovoltaic intelligent control system for managing and diagnosing faults of photovoltaic power generation units of photovoltaic power stations, and is particularly suitable for large-scale photovoltaic power stations. The photovoltaic intelligent control system may include:

[0005] The detection and analysis module is used to detect the real-time power generation of the photovoltaic power generation unit and obtain the unit power generation p of the photovoltaic power generation unit. In the actual working process, the photovoltaic power station can be divided into several photovoltaic power generation units. The size of the photovoltaic power generation unit can be determined according to the actual situation. The minimum can be a photovoltaic panel, and the maximum can be a small photovoltaic power station within a range. It can be determined according to the detection capability, power station scale, and management level.

[0006] The external environment analysis module is used to detect the external impact environment and obtain the external impact parameter factor B.

[0007] The calculation and analysis module is used to calculate the equipment parameter factor D according to the unit power generation power p and the external influencing parameter factor B, and to construct the equipment impact curve between cycles and the equipment impact curve within cycles.

[0008] The calculation and comparison module is used to calculate the first-order derivative D' of the equipment impact curve between cycles and determine whether the first-order derivative D' is less than a preset loss index D' 标 If it is, the photovoltaic power generation unit is determined to be a pending photovoltaic power generation unit, and if not, the photovoltaic power generation unit is determined to be a preliminary photovoltaic power generation unit. In the actual working process, the periodic equipment impact curve should be a straight line, but considering the aging of the equipment and the coverage of dust, this straight line will have a small downward slope. If it is simply considered by the value of the equipment parameter factor D, it will be difficult to distinguish the damage inside the photovoltaic power generation unit from the normal aging of the equipment and dust coverage. Especially when the photovoltaic power generation unit contains multiple photovoltaic panels, simply considering the value of the equipment parameter factor D will bury the damage information of the photovoltaic power generation unit and cannot be distinguished, resulting in missed detection of equipment damage. Equipment damage is an instantaneous process, and the slope of the curve will change rapidly. By calculating the first-order derivative and judging, this judgment method can clearly dig out the damage of individual photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic power generation unit and calculate accurately.

[0009] If the photovoltaic power generation unit is determined to be a pending photovoltaic unit, the first-order derivative d' is calculated for the equipment influence curve in the current cycle, and it is determined whether the first-order derivative d' is greater than 0. If so, the photovoltaic power generation unit is determined to be a preliminary photovoltaic power generation unit. If not, the photovoltaic power generation unit is determined to be a damaged photovoltaic power generation unit, and a maintenance signal and the location information of the photovoltaic power generation unit are sent, and the staff needs to be notified to perform maintenance in time. The method for obtaining the location information of the photovoltaic unit can be to first mark the damaged photovoltaic power generation unit, and then find a pre-made number-location information table through the number of the photovoltaic power generation unit, so as to obtain the location information of the photovoltaic unit to be maintained. By determining the equipment influence curve within the cycle, the efficiency of the determination can be accelerated, the data is obtained in time, the speed of fault determination is greatly accelerated, the determination time is reduced, and the efficiency of fault analysis is improved. In general, the equipment influence curve within the cycle is a straight line or a value with a slope less than and close to zero. Through the determination of the first-order derivative, it can be determined whether the fault interfering with the photovoltaic power generation unit is temporary or permanent. Temporary ones do not require maintenance, and permanent ones require maintenance to recover.

[0010] For the initial photovoltaic power generation unit, determine whether the current device parameter factor D is less than a preset standard factor D 标 If yes, the photovoltaic power generation unit is determined to be a photovoltaic unit to be maintained, and a maintenance signal is sent. If no, the photovoltaic power generation unit is determined to be a photovoltaic unit in normal operation. In general, the photovoltaic power generation unit needs to be cleaned on the surface through the maintenance signal. This facilitates targeted maintenance and repair, avoids one-by-one inspection, and increases the pertinence and efficiency of maintenance.

[0011] Preferably: construct a power generation curve according to the unit power generation p of the photovoltaic power generation unit. The power generation curve construction method may include constructing a plane coordinate system, the horizontal coordinate of which is each time point in the management cycle, and the vertical coordinate is the electric power, and the values ​​of the unit power generation corresponding to each time point in the management cycle are implanted into the coordinate system according to the time point, and each point is sequentially connected according to the time point, and smoothed, so as to obtain the electric power curve.

[0012] Optimum: We obtain the power generation P' of the photovoltaic power generation unit through the meter equipment detection, but we need to evaluate the unit power generation p, then the unit power generation Where P' is the power generation of the photovoltaic power generation unit, and n is the number of photovoltaic power generation units per unit area.

[0013] Preferably: construct an environmental impact curve according to the external impact parameter factor B. The method for obtaining the environmental impact curve includes: constructing a plane coordinate system, which uses each time point in the management cycle as the horizontal coordinate and the electric power as the vertical coordinate, and inserts the external impact parameter factor values ​​calculated by us in order, connects each point, and then performs smoothing to form the environmental impact curve.

[0014] Preferred: For the convenience of calculation, we will include the factors affecting photovoltaic power generation including its own performance factors and external environment factors.

[0015] Preferred: The factors affecting the performance of the photovoltaic panel include photovoltaic panel factors, relay factors, circuit factors and dust coverage factors. If there is a problem with these factors, we believe that there is a problem with the photovoltaic panel and we need to find countermeasures, including maintenance, repair or cleaning for recovery. The photovoltaic panel factor is mainly the efficiency of the photovoltaic panel in converting sunlight into electrical energy. It is the performance of the photovoltaic panel itself. It will decrease slightly with the use of the photovoltaic panel, but the change in a short time is not large, so it can be considered as a fixed value. Its specific value is generally 19%-21%. If there is a problem with this factor, the photovoltaic panel needs to be replaced. The relay factor is the relay conversion efficiency, and the circuit factor is the power efficiency transmitted by the meter, circuit, etc. We also believe that its value will not change, and we will not go into details here. The dust coverage factor data value can be considered that the current and previous days do not have much change in value without the influence of special weather. In summary, under normal circumstances, we can think that the value of the performance influencing factor itself is fixed or changes very little between management cycles. When this value changes to a certain extent in a short period of time, it means that the photovoltaic power generation unit needs maintenance and repair. The factors that affect the power generation of photovoltaic power stations only need to consider the external environmental factors.

[0016] Preferred: External environmental influencing factors may include solar radiation factors, irradiation angle factors and temperature factors. These factors are changing every day or even every moment, but can be obtained based on the detection of the external environment. The solar radiation data value can also be obtained through the weather forecast. Specifically, it can be obtained by looking up the local meteorological bureau to obtain the weekly weather forecast, etc., and of course it can also be obtained directly through detection. The irradiation angle data value can be calculated based on the local specific time and the solar irradiation angle and the installation angle of the solar panel. For the same location, the solar irradiation angle is fixed every day with one year as a cycle, so we can perform the calculation. The data value of the temperature factor can be obtained by obtaining real-time data from the weather forecast and the real-time solar radiation to calculate the internal temperature of the solar panel, or it can be obtained by direct detection.

[0017] Preferred: External influencing parameter factors ε is the unit area of ​​the photovoltaic power generation unit, where i is the number of the external environmental influencing factor parameter, I is the total number of external environmental influencing factors, i = 1, 2, ..., I; b i is the data value corresponding to the external environmental influencing factor numbered i. The external influencing parameter factor calculated by this method is accurate, the data acquisition method is simple, and real-time detection can be performed, ensuring the accuracy of the calculation.

[0018] Preferred: Equipment parameter factors

[0019] Preferably: the method for constructing the equipment impact curve between cycles includes: constructing a plane coordinate system, the horizontal axis of the coordinate system is the order of the management cycles, and the vertical axis is the proportional value, and the equipment parameter factor D of each management cycle at the same time point is implanted into the coordinate system according to the order of the management cycle, and then connected and smoothed, so as to obtain the equipment impact curve between cycles.

[0020] Preferably: the method for obtaining the equipment impact curve within the cycle includes: constructing a plane coordinate system, the horizontal axis of the coordinate system is the various time points within the management cycle, and the vertical axis is the proportional value, and the equipment parameter factor D at each time point in the management cycle is implanted into the coordinate system according to time, and then connected and smoothed, so as to obtain the equipment impact curve within the cycle.

[0021] Preferred: loss index D' 标 It can be designed according to the actual situation, but its value can be designed according to experience, generally -0.001--0.01, depending on the actual situation. Of course, it can also be obtained by calculation, specifically the loss index Where j is the number of the factors affecting the performance of the photovoltaic power generation unit itself, J is the total number of factors affecting the performance of the photovoltaic power generation unit itself, and D j is the loss rate of the inherent performance influencing factor numbered j. Generally, we consider it to be a value greater than zero, j = 1, 2, ..., J; the loss rate of the inherent performance influencing factor can be obtained based on the service life or loss of the equipment, generally 0.0001-0.001, depending on the actual situation. β is the correction coefficient, which mainly needs to take into account the time ratio of the horizontal coordinate of the equipment, generally 0.1-10, of course, it depends on the specific situation. D0 is the value of dust coverage when the inherent performance influencing factor is dust coverage, generally 0.0001-0.01, which can be determined by experience and local dust conditions. Its value is much larger than the loss rate of the inherent performance influencing factor of the equipment. Its specific value can be obtained by conducting dust experiments on clean photovoltaic panels, which will not be described in detail here. The loss index calculated by this method is simple to calculate, and the data is easy to obtain without increasing the detection cost.

[0022] The technical effects and advantages of the present invention are as follows: by managing the photovoltaic power generation unit through the system, it is possible to distinguish between damage, aging, dust coverage, etc. of the photovoltaic power generation unit, thereby avoiding small-area damage of the photovoltaic panel being buried in the aging data, and the data analysis is timely and the diagnosis efficiency is high. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of a photovoltaic intelligent control system proposed by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 The present invention provides a schematic flow chart of a photovoltaic intelligent control system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention are provided for the purpose of illustration and description, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the present invention to the disclosed forms. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments are selected and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical applications of the present invention, and to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the present invention and thereby design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for specific uses.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] refer to Figure 1-Figure 2 In this embodiment, a photovoltaic intelligent control system is proposed for managing and diagnosing faults of photovoltaic power generation units of a photovoltaic power station, and is particularly suitable for large-scale photovoltaic power stations. The photovoltaic intelligent control system may include:

[0028] The detection and analysis module is used to detect the real-time power generation of the photovoltaic power generation unit and obtain the unit power generation p of the photovoltaic power generation unit. The power generation curve is constructed according to each time point in the management cycle. The power generation can be obtained by detecting the electric meter equipment, and the data obtained is accurate. In the specific detection process, the PA333 power meter of ZLG Zhiyuan Electronics is used. The two-meter method can be used to test the power. The three-phase output power of photovoltaic power generation is measured with two-channel power input, which can be directly displayed in real time. Of course, this is just a simple example, which depends on actual needs. In the actual working process, we can divide the photovoltaic power station into several photovoltaic power generation units. The size of the photovoltaic power generation unit can be determined according to the actual situation. The minimum can be a photovoltaic panel, and the maximum can be a small photovoltaic power station within a range. It can be determined according to the detection capability, the scale of the power station, and the management level. The specific details are not repeated here. In general, it is necessary to number the photovoltaic power generation units and record their location information to facilitate later countermeasures and maintenance. What we obtain through the electric meter equipment detection is the power generation P' of the photovoltaic power generation unit, but what we need to evaluate is the unit power generation p, then the unit power generation Among them, P' is the power generation of the photovoltaic power generation unit, and n is the number of photovoltaic power generation units per unit area. The unit area can be the area of ​​a photovoltaic panel, or it can be one square meter of photovoltaic panels, 10 square meters, etc. However, in order to facilitate calculations and subsequent countermeasures, it is more convenient to calculate based on the area of ​​a photovoltaic panel, so n here can be the number of photovoltaic panels. The unit power generation p we obtained is real-time data, and each time point will correspond to a detection data. For example, we detect a photovoltaic power generation unit at a certain time and obtain its power generation P = 0.2KW. We obtain that the photovoltaic power generation unit has two photovoltaic panels, and the number of photovoltaic power generation units per unit area n = 2, then we can calculate the unit power generation Of course, this is just an example, and it is not universal. Other situations will not be elaborated here. In order to facilitate the statistics of data, the actual working process can be divided into management cycles for statistics. The management cycle can be year, quarter, month, ten days, week, day or hour, among which the day is the most reasonable as a management cycle. Photovoltaic power generation is affected by the external environment. The power generation within a day changes with the changes in the external environment. The power generation of the power station will cycle with a day as a cycle, so it is more appropriate to use the day as a management cycle. This embodiment takes the day as an example, and the power generation of the photovoltaic power station every day can be counted from the early morning as the starting point. The power generation starts at basically zero, gradually increases from the rise of the sun, and then slowly falls in the afternoon, and returns to a level close to zero at night. The power generation curve construction method can include constructing a plane coordinate system, the horizontal coordinate of which is the order of each time point in the management cycle. Since a management cycle will have multiple time points, it can be specifically from sunrise to sunset, and a time point can be taken every half an hour, which will not be elaborated here. The vertical axis is electric power. The values ​​of unit power generation corresponding to each time point in the management cycle are implanted into the coordinate system according to the time point, and each point is connected in sequence according to the time point and smoothed to obtain the electric power curve. The specific example process will not be repeated here.

[0029] The external environment analysis module is used to detect the external impact environment and obtain the external impact parameter factor B. The environmental impact curve can also be constructed. Here, for the convenience of calculation, we divide the factors affecting photovoltaic power generation into the factors affecting its own performance and the factors affecting the external environment. The factors affecting its own performance mainly include photovoltaic panel factors, relay factors, circuit factors and dust coverage factors. If there is a problem with these factors, we believe that there is a problem with the photovoltaic panel, and countermeasures need to be investigated. The countermeasures include maintenance, repair or cleaning for recovery. The photovoltaic panel factor is mainly the efficiency of the photovoltaic panel absorbing sunlight and converting it into electrical energy. It is the performance of the photovoltaic panel itself. It will decrease slightly with the use of the photovoltaic panel, but the change in a short time is not large, so it can be considered as a fixed value. Its specific value is generally 19%-21%. If there is a problem with this factor, the photovoltaic panel needs to be replaced. The relay factor is the relay conversion efficiency, and the circuit factor is the efficiency of the electric power transmitted by the meter, circuit, etc. We also believe that its value will not change, and we will not go into details here. The data value of the dust coverage factor can be considered that its value does not change much between the current and the previous day without the influence of special weather. In summary, under normal circumstances, we can assume that the value of the performance influencing factor itself is fixed or changes very little between management cycles. When this value changes to a certain extent in a short period of time, it means that the photovoltaic power generation unit needs maintenance and repair. The factors that affect the power generation of photovoltaic power stations only need to consider the external environmental factors. External environmental factors can include solar radiation factors, irradiation angle factors and temperature factors. These factors are changing every day or even every moment, but can be obtained based on the detection of the external environment. The solar radiation data value can also be obtained through weather forecasts. Specifically, you can find the local meteorological bureau to obtain the weekly weather forecast, etc., of course, you can also directly detect and obtain it, and the details will not be repeated here. The irradiation angle data value can be calculated based on the local specific time and solar irradiation angle and the installation angle of the solar panel. For the same location, with one year as a cycle, the solar irradiation angle is fixed every day, so we can calculate it, and the details will not be repeated here. The data value of the temperature factor can be obtained by obtaining real-time data and real-time solar radiation from the weather forecast to calculate the internal temperature of the solar panel, or directly detected, and the details will not be repeated here. Then the external influencing parameter factor ε is the unit area of ​​the photovoltaic power generation unit, where i is the number of the external environmental influencing factor parameter, I is the total number of external environmental influencing factors, i = 1, 2, ..., I; b i is the data value corresponding to the external environmental influencing factor numbered i. For example, in the actual operation of a photovoltaic power station, we conduct statistics at 9 o'clock in the morning. The external environmental influencing factors include temperature, solar radiation, and irradiation angle. By querying the weather forecast, we get that the temperature at 9 o'clock is 28 degrees and the solar radiation is 1000W / m2 , the data value of the irradiation angle factor is 0.5. We calculate the internal temperature of the solar panel to be 30 degrees through the current temperature and solar radiation. This calculation method can find a pre-made solar radiation-temperature information table to obtain the internal temperature of the solar panel. The solar radiation-temperature information table can be obtained through the photovoltaic panel lighting experiment. The details are not repeated here. Then, by looking up a pre-set temperature-data value information table, the temperature parameter factor is obtained as 0.9. The area of ​​a photovoltaic panel is 2 square meters, which is the area of ​​the photovoltaic power generation unit at this time. Then we calculate the external influencing parameter factor B = 1000 × 0.9 × 0.5 × 2 = 0.9KW at 9 points. Of course, this example is not universal, and other specific situations are not repeated here. The external influencing parameter factor calculated by this method is accurate, the data acquisition method is simple, and it can be detected in real time, ensuring the accuracy of the calculation. The method for obtaining the environmental impact curve includes: constructing a plane coordinate system, which uses each time point in the management cycle as the horizontal coordinate and the electric power as the vertical coordinate, and implanting the external impact parameter factor values ​​we calculated in order, connecting each point, and then smoothing it to form the environmental impact curve. The specific values ​​are not given as examples here.

[0030] The calculation and analysis module is used to calculate the equipment parameter factor D according to the unit power generation p and the external influencing parameter factor B, and to construct the equipment impact curve between cycles and the equipment impact curve within a cycle. Equipment parameter factor For example, if the unit power generation power p is 0.1KW and the external influencing parameter factor B = 0.9KW, then the equipment parameter factor The method for constructing the equipment impact curve between cycles includes: constructing a plane coordinate system, the horizontal coordinate of the coordinate system is the order of the management cycle, the vertical coordinate is the proportional value, the equipment parameter factor D of each management cycle at the same time point is implanted into the coordinate system according to the order of the management cycle, and then connected and smoothed, so that the equipment impact curve between cycles can be obtained. For example, if we evaluate 10 o'clock in the morning of each day, we need to calculate the equipment parameter factor D at 10 o'clock in the morning of each date, and then construct the coordinate system, and the specific values ​​are not repeated here. The method for obtaining the equipment impact curve within the cycle includes: constructing a plane coordinate system, the horizontal coordinate of the coordinate system is each time point in the management cycle, and the vertical coordinate is the proportional value, the equipment parameter factor D of each time point in the management cycle is implanted into the coordinate system according to time, and then connected and smoothed, so that the equipment impact curve within the cycle can be obtained. For example, we count the equipment parameter factor D of the day, start counting from the rising of the sun, count every half an hour, and then implant these data into the coordinate system, and the specific values ​​are not repeated here. For the convenience of observation and comparison, we can embed the electric power curve, environmental impact curve and equipment impact curve within the cycle into the same coordinate system. The ordinate of the coordinate system can be displayed by the primary coordinate and the secondary coordinate. The primary coordinate axis is the electric power, and the secondary coordinate is the proportional value. The details are not described here. This method can be displayed clearly and is convenient for comparative analysis. The equipment impact curve between cycles is the change of equipment parameter factors in each management cycle. In general, this can avoid some interference from the external environment, such as shade from trees, interference from scheduled operations, etc. The details are not described here.

[0031] The calculation and comparison module is used to calculate the first-order derivative D' of the equipment impact curve between cycles. The calculation method is the existing technology and will not be described in detail here. And determine whether the first-order derivative D' is less than a preset loss index D' 标 If it is, the photovoltaic power generation unit is determined to be a pending photovoltaic unit. If not, the photovoltaic power generation unit is determined to be a preliminary photovoltaic power generation unit. In the actual working process, the equipment impact curve between cycles should be a straight line, but considering the aging of the equipment and the coverage of dust, this straight line will have a small downward slope. If it is simply considered by the value of the equipment parameter factor D, it will be difficult to distinguish the damage inside the photovoltaic power generation unit from the normal aging of the equipment and dust coverage. Especially when the photovoltaic power generation unit contains multiple photovoltaic panels, simply considering the value of the equipment parameter factor D will bury the damage information of the photovoltaic power generation unit and cannot be distinguished, resulting in missed detection of the equipment. By calculating the first-order derivative and judging, this judgment method can clearly dig out the damage of individual photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic power generation unit and calculate accurately. Loss index D' 标It can be designed according to the actual situation, but its value can be designed according to experience, generally -0.001--0.01, depending on the actual situation. Of course, it can also be obtained by calculation, specifically the loss index Where j is the number of the factors affecting the performance of the photovoltaic power generation unit itself, J is the total number of factors affecting the performance of the photovoltaic power generation unit itself, and D j is the loss rate of the inherent performance influencing factor numbered j. Generally, we consider it to be a value greater than zero. j = 1, 2, …, J; the loss rate of the inherent performance influencing factor can be obtained based on the service life or loss of the equipment, generally 0.0001-0.001, depending on the actual situation. β is the correction coefficient, which mainly needs to take into account the time ratio of the horizontal coordinate of the equipment, generally 0.1-10, of course, it depends on the specific situation. D0 is also considered to be a positive number when the inherent performance influencing factor is the value of dust coverage, generally 0.0001-0.01, which can be determined by experience and local dust conditions. Its value is much larger than the loss rate of the inherent performance influencing factor of the equipment. Its specific value can be obtained by conducting dust experiments on clean photovoltaic panels, which will not be described in detail here. The loss index calculated by this method is simple to calculate, the data is simple to obtain, and there is no need to increase the detection cost.

[0032] If the photovoltaic power generation unit is determined to be a pending photovoltaic unit, the first-order derivative d' is calculated for the equipment influence curve in the current cycle, and it is determined whether the first-order derivative d' is greater than 0. If so, the photovoltaic power generation unit is determined to be a preliminary photovoltaic power generation unit. If not, the photovoltaic power generation unit is determined to be a damaged photovoltaic power generation unit, and a maintenance signal and the location information of the photovoltaic power generation unit are sent, and the staff needs to be notified to perform maintenance in time. The method for obtaining the location information of the photovoltaic unit can be to first mark the damaged photovoltaic power generation unit, and then find a pre-made number-location information table through the number of the photovoltaic power generation unit, so as to obtain the location information of the photovoltaic unit to be maintained. By determining the equipment influence curve within the cycle, the efficiency of the determination can be accelerated, the data is obtained in time, the speed of fault determination can be greatly accelerated, the determination time can be reduced, and the efficiency of fault analysis is improved. In general, the equipment influence curve within the cycle is a straight line or a value with a slope less than and close to zero. Through the determination of the first-order derivative, it can be determined whether the fault interfering with the photovoltaic power generation unit is temporary or permanent. Temporary ones do not require maintenance, and permanent ones require maintenance to recover.

[0033] For the initial photovoltaic power generation unit, determine whether the device parameter factor D is less than a preset standard factor D 标If yes, the photovoltaic power generation unit is determined to be a photovoltaic unit to be maintained, and a maintenance signal is sent. Generally, the photovoltaic power generation unit can be determined to need surface cleaning through the maintenance signal. This facilitates targeted maintenance and repair, avoids one-by-one inspection, and increases the targetedness of maintenance.

[0034] By managing the photovoltaic power generation unit through this system, it is possible to distinguish between damage, aging, dust coverage, etc. of the photovoltaic power generation unit, avoiding small-area damage of the photovoltaic panel from being buried in the aging data. The data analysis is timely and the diagnosis efficiency is high.

[0035] Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field and related fields without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. The structures, devices and operating methods not specifically described and explained in the present invention are implemented according to the conventional means in the field unless otherwise specified and limited.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic intelligent control system, characterized in that: The photovoltaic intelligent control system comprises: A detection and analysis module is used to detect the real-time power generation of the photovoltaic power generation unit and obtain the unit power generation power p of the photovoltaic power generation unit; The external environment analysis module is used to detect the external impact environment and obtain the external impact parameter factor B; A calculation and analysis module, which is used to calculate the equipment parameter factor D according to the unit power generation power p and the external influencing parameter factor B, and to construct the equipment influence curve between cycles and the equipment influence curve within cycles; The calculation and comparison module is used to calculate the first-order derivative D' of the equipment impact curve between cycles and determine whether the first-order derivative D' is less than a preset loss index D' 标 If yes, the photovoltaic power generation unit is determined to be a pending photovoltaic power generation unit, if not, the photovoltaic power generation unit is determined to be a preliminary photovoltaic power generation unit; when the photovoltaic power generation unit is determined to be a pending photovoltaic power generation unit, the first-order derivative d' is calculated for the equipment influence curve in the current cycle, and it is determined whether the first-order derivative d' is greater than 0. If yes, the photovoltaic power generation unit is determined to be a preliminary photovoltaic power generation unit, if not, the photovoltaic power generation unit is determined to be a damaged photovoltaic power generation unit, and a maintenance signal and the location information of the photovoltaic power generation unit are sent; for the preliminary photovoltaic power generation unit, it is determined whether the current equipment parameter factor D is less than a preset standard factor D 标 If yes, the photovoltaic power generation unit is determined to be a photovoltaic unit to be maintained, and a maintenance signal is sent; if no, the photovoltaic power generation unit is determined to be a photovoltaic unit operating normally.

2. A photovoltaic intelligent control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A power generation curve is constructed according to the unit power generation power p of the photovoltaic power generation unit.

3. A photovoltaic intelligent control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method for constructing a power generation curve includes constructing a plane coordinate system, in which the horizontal coordinate of the coordinate system is each time point in the management cycle, and the vertical coordinate is the electric power. The unit power generation value corresponding to each time point in the management cycle is implanted into the coordinate system according to the time point, and each point is connected in sequence according to the time point, and smoothed to obtain the electric power curve.

4. A photovoltaic intelligent control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Unit power generation Where P' is the power generation of the photovoltaic power generation unit, and n is the number of photovoltaic power generation units per unit area.

5. A photovoltaic intelligent control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The environmental impact curve is constructed based on the external impact parameter factor B.

6. A photovoltaic intelligent control system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The method for obtaining the environmental impact curve includes: constructing a plane coordinate system, which uses each time point in the management cycle as the horizontal coordinate and the electric power as the vertical coordinate, and implants the calculated external impact parameter factor values ​​in sequence, connects each point, and then performs smoothing to form an environmental impact curve.

7. A photovoltaic intelligent control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Factors that affect photovoltaic power generation include factors affecting its own performance and external environmental factors.

8. A photovoltaic intelligent control system according to claim 7, characterized in that: Factors affecting its own performance include photovoltaic panel factors, relay factors, circuit factors and dust coverage factors.

9. A photovoltaic intelligent control system according to claim 7, characterized in that: External environmental factors include solar radiation, irradiation angle and temperature.

10. A photovoltaic intelligent control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Equipment parameter factors

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