Milling cutter and milling cutter design method

Abstract

The invention relates to a milling cutter (10) comprising a plurality of first teeth (3.1) and at least one second tooth (3.2) offset on the milling cutter (1) in the circumferential direction (5) of the milling cutter (1), the plurality of first teeth (3.1) being arranged in a nominal position (9) in the axial direction (7) of the milling cutter (1), the plurality of first teeth (3.1) comprising a compensating group (11) having at least one compensating tooth (13) and at least one non-compensating tooth (15), the at least one non-compensating tooth (15) is provided with a nominal fly-cutter path (17.1) and the at least one compensating tooth (13) is provided with a compensating fly-cutter path (17.2), the nominal fly-cutter path (17.1) and the compensating fly-cutter path (17.2) being different from each other, and the at least one second tooth (3.2) is advanced in the axial direction (7) of the milling cutter (1) in the direction of the machining face (21) with respect to the nominal position (9) by a preposition (19), the at least one second cutter tooth (3.2) is provided with a surface machining fly-cutter path (17.3) which is smaller than the nominal fly-cutter path (17.1) and smaller than the compensation fly-cutter path (17.2), the at least one second cutter tooth (3.2) leading the plurality of first cutter teeth (3.1) in the circumferential direction (5).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a milling cutter and a design method of the milling cutter. Background Art

[0002] The challenge with milling, especially compared to drilling or reaming, is that the teeth of the milling cutter do not engage the workpiece permanently, but rather periodically cut in and out of it. For example, when using wide blades as the teeth of a milling cutter, the wide blades do not engage the workpiece as strongly as the other teeth, which results in a lower chip volume than the average chip volume per tooth of the milling cutter. Therefore, when the milling cutter feed rate is constant, the subsequent teeth of the wide blade must remove more material from the workpiece, especially if the chip volume of the teeth exceeds the average chip volume of the milling cutter. As a result, the subsequent teeth of the wide blade are overloaded, causing increased wear on these teeth. This in turn leads to uneven wear and different service lives of the individual teeth. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a milling cutter and a method for designing a milling cutter, thereby at least partially overcoming the above disadvantages.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is proposed, especially referring to the independent claims and the dependent claims and the implementation scheme in the specification.

[0005] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention particularly provides a milling cutter, comprising a plurality of first teeth and at least one second tooth, wherein the plurality of first teeth and the at least one second tooth are staggered on the milling cutter along the circumference of the milling cutter. The first teeth are arranged at a nominal position along the axial direction of the milling cutter. In addition, the plurality of first teeth include a compensation group, which has at least one compensation tooth and at least one non-compensation tooth. At least one non-compensation tooth is provided with a nominal fly cutter trajectory. At least one compensation tooth is provided with a compensation fly cutter trajectory. In addition, the nominal fly cutter trajectory and the compensation fly cutter trajectory are different from each other. At least one second tooth is moved forward a certain amount in the axial direction of the milling cutter relative to the nominal position in the direction of the machining end face. In addition, at least one second tooth is provided with a surface machining fly cutter trajectory, which is smaller than the nominal fly cutter trajectory and smaller than the compensation fly cutter trajectory. At least one second tooth leads the plurality of first teeth in the circumferential direction. In this way, the difference in chip amount per tooth caused by at least one second tooth can be effectively balanced. The chip amount per tooth is a measure of the chip cutting performance of each tooth. In particular, the lateral (i.e. radial) arrangement of the compensating teeth can be adjusted so that the chip removal per tooth of each tooth is at least substantially the same, preferably the same. This also results in a more uniform force distribution on the teeth, thereby also a more uniform service life, in particular a longer service life.

[0006] In particular, the chip volume not provided by the second cutter teeth due to the radial setback generated by the surface machining fly cutter trajectory can be allocated to the teeth of the compensating group. This increases the chip volume of at least one compensating cutter tooth and at least one non-compensating cutter tooth compared to the first cutter teeth not allocated to the compensating group. In particular, in the case where the second cutter teeth do not provide a fixed chip volume, the more teeth there are in the compensating group, the less additional chip volume each tooth in the compensating group has.

[0007] Furthermore, the amount of chips generated by the second tooth depends on the radial setback of the second tooth, wherein the amount of chips by the second tooth decreases as the setback increases. In particular, once the radial setback equals the threshold setback, the amount of chips by the second tooth is zero. This means that if the radial setback is greater than or equal to the threshold setback, the amount of chips not provided by the second tooth is constant, in particular equal to the maximum amount of chips. Therefore, when the amount of additional chips per tooth of the compensation group is fixed, the more chips not provided by the second tooth, in particular before the maximum amount of chips is reached, the more teeth there are in the compensation group.

[0008] In this context, "milling" refers in particular to a cutting method using a rotating tool. The teeth of the milling cutter rotate about the center axis of the milling cutter as the axis of rotation to perform a cutting movement. At the same time, a feed movement occurs between the milling cutter and the workpiece being machined. The feed movement can be performed on the milling cutter and / or the workpiece.

[0009] The axial direction extends along the center axis of the milling cutter (i.e., the predetermined rotation axis of the milling cutter). The circumferential direction concentrically surrounds the center axis of the milling cutter. The radial direction is perpendicular to the center axis of the milling cutter.

[0010] The tooth has in particular a cutting edge of a milling cutter. The cutting edge can be formed directly on the milling cutter base body or on a cutter head attached to the base body (for example screwed to the base body or welded to the base body), in particular a cutting blade or an indexing cutting blade. In particular, the cutting edge is the main edge of the relevant tooth geometry.

[0011] The teeth are particularly offset relative to one another in the circumferential direction on a base body of the milling cutter, ie are arranged in pairs at a limited angular distance from one another on the base body.

[0012] "Leading tooth" means that the tooth is ahead of the tooth in question when viewed from the rotation direction of the milling cutter, that is, the tooth is arranged in front of the tooth in question when viewed from the rotation direction of the milling cutter. Preferably, when processing a workpiece, the tooth is arranged in front of the tooth in question that engages with the workpiece material. In addition, "closely preceding tooth" means that the tooth is adjacent to the leading tooth in question when viewed from the rotation direction of the milling cutter, that is, the tooth is arranged immediately in front of the tooth in question when viewed from the rotation direction of the milling cutter. Preferably, when processing a workpiece, the tooth is arranged immediately in front of the tooth in question that engages with the workpiece material.

[0013] "Cutter trajectory" refers specifically to the imaginary circle defined by the path drawn along the cutting edge of the cutter tooth at the point farthest from the center axis of the milling cutter when the milling cutter rotates around the center axis of the cutter.

[0014] “The teeth are provided with a cutter track” means in particular that the teeth on a milling cutter have a cutter track, or in other words, the teeth (especially their cutting edges) are matched with corresponding cutter tracks on the milling cutter.

[0015] "Nominal fly cutter trajectory" refers in particular to the predetermined fly cutter trajectory of the milling cutter that determines the nominal machining diameter of the milling cutter. In addition, in particular, the compensation fly cutter trajectory is determined and / or calculated based on the nominal fly cutter trajectory.

[0016] In particular, since the surface machining fly cutter trajectory is smaller than the nominal fly cutter trajectory and smaller than the compensation fly cutter trajectory, at least one second tooth moves radially inward relative to the plurality of first teeth, that is, moves backward along the center axis of the milling cutter.

[0017] The nominal position is, in particular, a predetermined position of the milling cutter where the first tooth, in particular the cutting edge of the first tooth, is located in the axial direction.

[0018] At least one second tooth is moved forward a certain amount toward the machined end face in the axial direction of the milling cutter relative to the nominal position, which means that at least one second tooth protrudes toward the workpiece to be machined in the axial direction of the milling cutter relative to the tooth in the nominal position.

[0019] In particular, the plurality of first cutting teeth and the at least one second cutting tooth differ in the arrangement of the cutting teeth in the axial direction of the milling cutter and in the radial direction of the milling cutter.

[0020] In particular, the amount of workpiece material removed by one of the first teeth in the radial direction of the milling cutter is greater than the amount of workpiece material removed by at least one second tooth in the radial direction of the milling cutter. In particular, the amount of workpiece material removed by at least one second tooth in the axial direction of the milling cutter is greater than the amount of workpiece material removed by one of the first teeth in the axial direction of the milling cutter.

[0021] In particular, the compensated fly cutter trajectory is smaller than the nominal fly cutter trajectory.

[0022] In particular, at least one first cutting tooth of the plurality of first cutting teeth which is not assigned to the compensation group is provided with a nominal cutter trajectory.

[0023] In particular, at least one first cutting tooth arranged on the nominal fly cutter trajectory precedes (in particular closely precedes) at least one second cutting tooth.

[0024] In another embodiment, the second blade tooth in the at least one second blade tooth and the compensating blade tooth in the at least one compensating blade tooth are adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction. In addition, the second blade tooth is immediately before the at least one compensating blade tooth in the circumferential direction.

[0025] In particular, the milling cutter machining direction is orthogonal to the milling cutter axis.

[0026] During the milling process, the milling cutter is displaced perpendicularly to the center axis of the milling cutter, especially along the machining direction. The feed rate per revolution of the milling cutter is set, which is the quotient of the linear feed speed divided by the milling cutter rotation speed.

[0027] In particular, at least one second cutting tooth is configured as a broadsword.

[0028] According to an improved solution of the present invention, the compensating group has at least two compensating teeth, and the at least two compensating teeth are provided with different compensating cutter trajectories. In addition, the at least two compensating teeth are adjacent to each other. Advantageously, the amount of chips not provided by at least one second tooth can be distributed among the plurality of first teeth, thereby reducing the additional load on the first teeth of the compensating group.

[0029] In this way, the cutting performance and chip volume are particularly uniform between the teeth, so that the load, chip performance, wear and service life are optimally uniform.

[0030] In one embodiment, the first compensating cutter tooth is provided with a first compensating cutter trajectory and the second compensating cutter tooth is provided with a second compensating cutter trajectory. The first compensating cutter tooth closely follows at least one second cutter tooth in the circumferential direction. In addition, the second compensating cutter tooth is closely adjacent to the non-compensating cutter tooth. In particular, the first compensating cutter trajectory is smaller than the second compensating cutter trajectory and the second compensating cutter trajectory is smaller than the nominal cutter trajectory.

[0031] According to another development of the invention, at least one non-compensating tooth follows at least one compensating tooth.

[0032] In one embodiment, the non-compensating tooth closely follows the first compensating tooth in the circumferential direction. Alternatively, the non-compensating tooth preferably closely follows the second compensating tooth in the circumferential direction. In particular, the non-compensating tooth closely follows the compensating tooth with the largest compensating fly cutter trajectory in the circumferential direction.

[0033] According to a further development of the present invention, a plurality of first cutting teeth are configured for pre-machining a workpiece, in particular for rough milling a workpiece. Preferably, at least one second cutting tooth is additionally configured for finishing a workpiece, in particular for finish milling a workpiece.

[0034] In a particularly advantageous embodiment, due to the improved surface quality, the same milling cutter can be used to perform both roughing and finishing operations. This in turn saves time and costs due to the reduced tool changes and setup work.

[0035] Due to the arrangement of the plurality of first teeth and the at least one second tooth, the milling cutter is configured to mainly process the first workpiece surface orthogonal to the processing direction by the plurality of first teeth, and to mainly process the second workpiece surface orthogonal to the axial direction by the at least one second tooth. In particular, the workpiece is milled flat by the milling cutter, and during face milling, the workpiece surface, in particular the workpiece plane, is processed and / or finished by the at least one second tooth. Alternatively or additionally, a groove is formed in the workpiece by the milling cutter (in particular mainly by the plurality of first teeth), and during insertion into the groove, the bottom surface of the groove is processed and / or finished by the at least one second tooth.

[0036] According to an improved solution of the present invention, a first compensating tooth in at least one compensating tooth is radially inwardly displaced by a first rearward amount relative to the nominal fly cutter trajectory and is arranged on the first compensating fly cutter trajectory.

[0037] According to the improved solution of the present invention, the second compensating cutter tooth of the at least two compensating cutter teeth is radially inwardly shifted by a second postposition relative to the nominal fly cutter trajectory and is arranged on the second compensating fly cutter trajectory. The first postposition of the first compensating fly cutter trajectory relative to the nominal fly cutter trajectory is greater than the second postposition of the second compensating fly cutter trajectory relative to the nominal fly cutter trajectory.

[0038] According to a further development of the present invention, the first cutting teeth are arranged in pairs at pitch angles to each other, and the pitch angles differ by at most 15%.

[0039] The tooth pitch angle α between the two first teeth in pairs i It refers to the angle between two first teeth that are adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction.

[0040] In one embodiment, the target pitch angle α is predetermined, and all pitch angles α i The minimum value is 0.925*α and the maximum value is 1.075*α. At the same time, the pitch angle α i The difference in size from the target pitch angle α is at most 15%. i The maximum value is 1.15*min(α i ). Therefore, the pitch angle α i The difference with respect to the minimum pitch angle is at most 15%. i The minimum value is 0.85*max(α i ). At the same time, the pitch angle α i The maximum pitch angle may differ by up to 15%.

[0041] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention also proposes a design method for the milling cutter of the present invention or the milling cutter according to one of the aforementioned embodiments, preferably a milling cutter manufacturing method, wherein the angular positions of multiple first teeth and at least one second tooth along the circumferential direction of the milling cutter are set. In addition, the nominal fly cutter trajectory of at least one non-compensating tooth is set. The first compensating tooth in at least one compensating tooth is radially shifted backward by a first post-position relative to the nominal fly cutter trajectory. Preferably, the first post-position of the first compensating tooth in at least one compensating tooth is selected based on at least one parameter selected from the predetermined additional load of the compensating tooth and the feed amount per tooth of the milling cutter. As far as the method is concerned, it is particularly possible to achieve the advantages described above for the milling cutter.

[0042] In particular, the nominal position of the first tooth (in particular the cutting edge of the first tooth) along the axial direction of the milling cutter is further set. In particular, the lead amount of at least one second tooth in the axial direction of the milling cutter relative to the nominal position toward the machining end face is also set.

[0043] In particular, at least one compensating tooth and at least one non-compensating tooth are further determined and / or set.

[0044] In particular, the first compensated fly cutter trajectory is determined by the nominal fly cutter trajectory and the first post-set amount.

[0045] In particular, the surface machining fly cutter trajectory for at least one second cutter tooth is further set to make the surface machining fly cutter trajectory smaller than the first compensation fly cutter trajectory and smaller than the nominal fly cutter trajectory.

[0046] In particular, the positions of the first cutting tooth and the at least one second cutting tooth in the circumferential direction are set so that the at least one second cutting tooth leads the first cutting tooth, in particular leads the at least one compensating cutting tooth.

[0047] In particular, the predetermined additional load q of the compensating tooth is at most 20%, in particular at most 25%, in particular at most 33%, in particular at most 33.33%, in particular at most 50%.

[0048] In particular, the feed per tooth of the milling cutter f z The value is at least 0.01 mm to at most 0.5 mm, in particular 0.1 mm, in particular 0.111 mm, in particular 0.125 mm, in particular 0.139 mm, in particular 0.15 mm, in particular 0.153 mm, in particular 0.167 mm, in particular 0.181 mm, in particular 0.194 mm, in particular 0.200 mm, in particular 0.222 mm, in particular 0.236 mm, in particular 0.25 mm.

[0049] According to the improved solution of the present invention, the second compensating tooth of the at least two compensating teeth is radially shifted backward by a second backset relative to the nominal fly cutter trajectory, wherein the first backset is greater than the second backset. In addition, the second backset of the second compensating tooth is preferably selected based on at least one parameter selected from the group consisting of a predetermined additional load of the compensating tooth and a feed rate per tooth of the milling cutter.

[0050] According to the improved solution of the present invention, first, the feed amount per tooth of the milling cutter and the predetermined additional load of the compensating cutter teeth are set. Thereafter, the chip compensation amount is calculated based on the feed amount per tooth and the predetermined additional load. The number of compensating cutter teeth is calculated based on the chip compensation amount. Thereafter, the post-position amount of each cutter tooth in the number of compensating cutter teeth is determined. Then, each compensating cutter tooth is radially inwardly displaced by a matching post-position amount relative to the nominal fly cutter trajectory.

[0051] In particular, the chip compensation amount K is calculated by the following formula: zer :

[0052] K zer =f z *q (1)

[0053] According to the compensation cutter tooth additional load q and feed per tooth f z .

[0054] In particular, according to the feed per tooth f z , Chip compensation amount K zer and minimum machining compensation K min , calculate the number of compensation teeth by the following formula:

[0055]

[0056] In particular, the number of the first teeth is determined by the minuend in equation (2). In particular, since the milling cutter (in particular the compensating group) has at least one non-compensating tooth, 1 is taken as the minuend.

[0057] In particular, the minimum machining compensation K min The value is at most 0.04 mm, in particular at most 0.05 mm, in particular at most 0.06 mm, in particular at most 0.07 mm, in particular at most 0.08 mm, in particular at most 0.09 mm, in particular at most 0.1 mm. Preferably, according to the tool manufacturing tolerance T WZ And the manufacturing tolerance of the cutter teeth T S , calculate the minimum machining compensation amount K by the following formula min :

[0058] K min =2*(T WZ +T S ) (3)

[0059] In particular, according to the feed per tooth fz , Chip compensation amount K zer and minimum machining compensation K min , for i = 1 to n k , calculate each post-position r by the following formula i :

[0060] r i =f z -i*max{K zer ,K min} (4)

[0061] Table 1 specifically summarizes the predetermined values ​​and / or calculated values ​​of equations (1) to (4) in various embodiments, wherein each value in columns 3 to 9 is in millimeters.

[0062] Table 1: Overview of several different embodiments of the milling cutter according to the invention and the calculated setback r i

[0063] Milling cutter number q <![CDATA[f z ]]> <![CDATA[K zer ]]> <![CDATA[K min ]]> <![CDATA[n k ]]> <![CDATA[r1]]> <![CDATA[r2]]> <![CDATA[r3]]> 1 25％ 0.2 0.05 0.04 3 0.15 0.1 0.05 2 33.33％ 0.15 0.05 0.04 2 0.1 0.05 – 3 33.33％ 0.2 0.06666 0.1 1 0.1 – – 4 50％ 0.3 0.15 0.1 1 0.15 – – 5 33％ 0.236 0.07788 0.1 1 0.136 – – 6 33％ 0.222 0.07326 0.1 1 0.122 – – 7 33％ 0.2 0.066 0.1 1 0.1 – – 8 33％ 0.194 0.06402 0.1 1 0.094 – – 9 33％ 0.181 0.05973 0.1 1 0.081 – – 10 33％ 0.167 0.05511 0.1 1 0.067 – – 11 33％ 0.153 0.05049 0.1 1 0.053 – – BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0064] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:

[0065] FIG1 shows a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a milling cutter;

[0066] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a milling cutter is shown;

[0067] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a third embodiment of a milling cutter is shown;

[0068] Figure 4 A flow chart of an embodiment of a milling cutter design method is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0069] FIG1 shows a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a milling cutter 1. The milling cutter 1 has a plurality of first teeth 3.1 (in particular three first teeth 3.1) and at least one second tooth 3.2 (in particular exactly one second tooth 3.2) which is configured as a wide blade. The teeth 3 are offset on the milling cutter 1 along the circumferential direction 5 of the milling cutter 1, and the arrow in the circumferential direction 5 indicates its intended rotation direction. The plurality of first teeth 3.1 are arranged in a nominal position 9 along the axial direction 7 of the milling cutter 1. The plurality of first teeth 3.1 include a compensating group 11, which has at least one compensating tooth 13 (in particular exactly one compensating tooth 13) and at least one non-compensating tooth 15. At least one non-compensating tooth 15 is provided with a nominal fly cutter trajectory 17.1. At least one compensating tooth 13 is provided with a compensating fly cutter trajectory 17.2, and the nominal fly cutter trajectory 17.1 and the compensating fly cutter trajectory 17.2 are different from each other. At least one second tooth 3.2 is moved forward by a certain amount 19 in the axial direction 7 of the milling cutter 1 relative to the nominal position 9 in the direction of the machining end face 21. At least one second tooth 3.2 is provided with a surface machining fly cutter track 17.3. The surface machining fly cutter track 17.3 is smaller than the nominal fly cutter track 17.1 and smaller than the compensation fly cutter track 17.2. In addition, at least one second tooth 3.2 leads the plurality of first teeth 3.1 in the circumferential direction 5.

[0070] In particular, at least one first cutting tooth 3.1 of the plurality of first cutting teeth 3.1 which is not assigned to the compensation group 11 is provided with a nominal cutting trajectory 17.1.

[0071] In particular, at least one first cutting tooth 3.1 arranged on the nominal flying cutter trajectory 17.1 precedes (in particular immediately precedes) at least one second cutting tooth 3.2.

[0072] Furthermore, at least one non-compensating tooth 15 in particular follows the at least one compensating tooth 13 .

[0073] Figure 1a The figure shows a bottom view of the machined end face 21 of the milling cutter 1 in the first embodiment observed along the z-axis direction. The different flying cutter trajectories 17 of the cutter teeth 3 can be clearly seen in this figure.

[0074] In particular, the compensating cutter teeth 13 are radially moved inwardly relative to the nominal cutter trajectory 17.1 by a first rearward amount r 1， Furthermore, the second cutter teeth 3.2 are radially inwardly shifted by a surface machining post-position 23 relative to the nominal fly cutter trajectory 17.1 and are arranged on the surface machining fly cutter trajectory 17.3.

[0075] In particular, the first cutting teeth 3.1 are arranged in pairs at a pitch angle α, wherein the pitch angle α i The first pitch angle α1 and the second pitch angle α2 (in particular) differ in size by at most 15%.

[0076] Figure 1bThe figure shows a side view of the milling cutter 1 in the first embodiment. The nominal position 9 and the lead amount 19 of the at least one second tooth 3.2 can be clearly seen in this figure.

[0077] In particular, the plurality of first teeth 3.1 is configured for pre-machining the workpiece 25. Alternatively or additionally, at least one second tooth 3.2 is preferably configured for finishing the workpiece 25. In particular, the milling cutter moves in a machining direction 26.

[0078] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a milling cutter 1 is shown.

[0079] In each figure, the same elements with the same functions are marked with the same reference numerals, so that reference can be made to the above contents.

[0080] Similar to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , Figure 2 The second exemplary embodiment shown has exactly one second tooth 3.2, which is configured in particular as a broad-edged blade. In particular, the milling cutter 1 also has seven first teeth 3.1.

[0081] In particular, the compensating group 11 has two compensating teeth 13, in particular a first compensating tooth 13' and a second compensating tooth 13". At least two compensating teeth 13 are provided with different compensating cutter trajectories 17.2, in particular, the first compensating tooth 13' is provided with a first compensating cutter trajectory 17.2', and the second compensating tooth 13" is provided with a second compensating cutter trajectory 17.2". In addition, at least two compensating teeth 13 are arranged adjacent to each other.

[0082] Preferably, the first compensating tooth 13' is radially shifted inward by a first post-position r1 relative to the nominal fly cutter trajectory 17.1, and is arranged on the first compensating fly cutter trajectory 17.2'. In addition, the second compensating tooth 13" is preferably radially shifted inward by a second post-position r2 relative to the nominal fly cutter trajectory 17.1, and is arranged on the second compensating fly cutter trajectory 17.2", and preferably, the first post-position r1 is greater than the second post-position r2.

[0083] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the milling cutter 1 is shown.

[0084] In particular, the milling cutter 1 in the third embodiment has three second teeth 3.2, which are particularly configured as wide blades. In addition, the milling cutter 1 comprises three compensation groups 11, each of which has at least one compensation tooth 13 and at least one non-compensation tooth 15.

[0085] With regard to the arrangement of the teeth 3 in the axial direction 7 and in the radial direction in the xy plane, all three compensation groups 11 are preferably configured identically. In addition, the arrangement of each of the three second teeth 3.2 on the milling cutter 1 is similar to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 or Figure 2In addition, the configuration and arrangement of each of the three compensation groups 11 on the milling cutter 1 are similar to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 or Figure 2 The second embodiment is shown.

[0086] Figure 4 A flow chart of an embodiment of a method for designing a milling cutter 1 is shown.

[0087] In the first step S1 , the angular positions of a plurality of first cutting teeth 3 . 1 and at least one second cutting tooth 3 . 2 along the circumferential direction 5 of the milling cutter 1 are set.

[0088] In the second step S2 , a nominal flying cutter trajectory 17 . 1 of at least one non-compensating cutter tooth 15 is set.

[0089] In the third step S3, the first compensating tooth 13' in the at least one compensating tooth 13 is radially moved backward by a first rearward amount r1 relative to the nominal flying cutter trajectory 17.1.

[0090] Preferably, the feed rate f of each tooth of the milling cutter 1 is selected according to the predetermined additional load q of the compensating tooth 13 and the feed rate f of each tooth of the milling cutter 1. z At least one parameter of the compensation tooth 13 is selected, and a first post-set amount r1 of a first compensation tooth 13' in at least one compensation tooth 13 is selected.

[0091] Preferably, in the third step S3, the second compensation tooth 13″ of the at least two compensation teeth 13 is further radially moved back by a second backset amount r2 relative to the nominal fly cutter trajectory 17.1, wherein the first backset amount r1 is greater than the second backset amount r2. In addition, preferably, the predetermined additional load q selected from the compensation tooth 13 and the feed per tooth f of the milling cutter 1 are selected. z At least one parameter of the second compensation tooth 13" is selected.

[0092] In particular, in the first sub-step a) of the third step, the feed per tooth f of the milling cutter 1 is set. z and the predetermined additional load q of the compensation tooth 13. Then, in the second sub-step b) of the third step, based on the feed per tooth f z and the predetermined additional load q, in particular, according to equation (1), the chip compensation amount K is calculated zer Thereafter, in the third step, in the third sub-step c), based on the chip compensation amount K zer , in particular, according to equation (2), the number n of compensating teeth 13 is calculated k In addition, the fourth sub-step d) of the third step, in particular according to equation (4), is directed to the number n of the compensating teeth 13 k For each tooth 3 in the i Thereafter, in the fifth sub-step e) of the third step, the compensating teeth 13 are radially moved inwardly by a corresponding amount of rearward displacement r relative to the nominal fly cutter trajectory 17.1.i 。

Claims

1. A milling cutter (1), comprising a plurality of first teeth (3.1) and at least one second tooth (3.2) staggered on the milling cutter (1) along a circumferential direction (5) of the milling cutter (1), wherein: The plurality of first teeth (3.1) are arranged at nominal positions (9) along the axial direction (7) of the milling cutter (1); The plurality of first blade teeth (3.1) comprises a compensating group (11), wherein the compensating group (11) has at least one compensating blade tooth (13) and at least one non-compensating blade tooth (15); The at least one non-compensating cutter tooth (15) is provided with a nominal cutter trajectory (17.1); The at least one compensating cutter tooth (13) is provided with a compensating cutter trajectory (17.2); The nominal flying cutter trajectory (17.1) and the compensation flying cutter trajectory (17.2) are different from each other; The at least one second tooth (3.2) is moved forward by a certain amount (19) in the axial direction (7) of the milling cutter (1) relative to the nominal position (9) in the direction of the machining end face (21); The at least one second cutter tooth (3.2) is provided with a surface machining fly cutter track (17.3); The surface machining fly cutter trajectory (17.3) is smaller than the nominal fly cutter trajectory (17.1) and smaller than the compensation fly cutter trajectory (17.2); The at least one second blade tooth (3.2) leads the plurality of first blade teeth (3.1) in the circumferential direction (5).

2. The milling cutter (1) according to claim 1, wherein: The compensation group (11) comprises at least two compensation teeth (13), wherein the at least two compensation teeth (13) are provided with different compensation fly cutter trajectories (17.2), and wherein the at least two compensation teeth (13) are adjacent to each other.

3. The milling cutter (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The at least one non-compensating blade tooth (15) follows the at least one compensating blade tooth (13).

4. The milling cutter (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The plurality of first cutting teeth (3.1) are configured for pre-machining a workpiece (25), and preferably, the at least one second cutting tooth (3.2) is configured for finishing a workpiece (25).

5. The milling cutter (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein A first compensating tooth (13') of the at least one compensating tooth (13) is radially inwardly displaced by a first post-position (r1) relative to the nominal fly-cutter trajectory (17.1) and is arranged on a first compensating fly-cutter trajectory (17.2').

6. The milling cutter (1) according to claim 5, wherein: The second compensating tooth (13") of the at least two compensating teeth (13) is radially shifted inward by a second postposition amount (r2) relative to the nominal fly cutter trajectory (17.1) and is arranged on the second compensating fly cutter trajectory (17.2"), wherein the first postposition amount (r1) of the first compensating fly cutter trajectory (17.2') relative to the nominal fly cutter trajectory (17.1) is greater than the second postposition amount (r2) of the second compensating fly cutter trajectory (17.2") relative to the nominal fly cutter trajectory (17.1).

7. The milling cutter (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The first teeth (3.1) are paired with each other at a pitch angle (α), wherein the pitch angle (α i ) may differ in size by up to 15%.

8. A method for designing a milling cutter (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: Setting the angular positions of a plurality of first teeth (3.1) and at least one second tooth (3.2) on the milling cutter (1) along the circumferential direction (5); Setting a nominal flying cutter trajectory (17.1) of at least one non-compensating cutter tooth (15); causing a first compensating tooth (13') of at least one compensating tooth (13) to be radially moved backward by a first rearward amount (r1) relative to the nominal flying cutter trajectory (17.1); Preferably, the compensation tooth (13) is selected according to a predetermined additional load (q) and a feed per tooth (f z ), and selecting a first post-set amount (r1) of a first compensating tooth (13') in the at least one compensating tooth (13).

9. The method for designing a milling cutter (1) according to claim 8, wherein: The second compensating blade tooth (13") of the at least two compensating blade teeth (13) is radially shifted backward by a second rearward amount (r2) relative to the nominal flying cutter trajectory (17.1); The first post-position amount (r1) is greater than the second post-position amount (r2); Preferably, the predetermined additional load (q) selected from the compensating tooth (13) and the feed per tooth (f z ) to select the second post-set amount (r2) of the second compensating tooth (13”).

10. The method according to claim 8 or 9, wherein: a) setting the feed rate per tooth (f z ) and a predetermined additional load (q) of the compensating tooth (13); b) Based on the feed per tooth (f z ) and the predetermined additional load (q) to calculate the chip compensation amount (K zer ); c) Based on the chip compensation amount (K zer ) calculate the number (n) of compensation teeth (13) k ); d) The number (n) of the compensating teeth (13) k ) determines the amount of back displacement (r i ); e) The compensating cutter teeth (13) are all radially inwardly displaced by a corresponding amount (r) relative to the nominal cutter trajectory (17.1). i ).

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