Screwing tool with direction-convertible backstop

Abstract

The invention relates to a screwing tool having a switching ring (4) of a drive section (1), an output section (2) and a backstop (3), which switching ring (4) is arranged axially between the drive section and the output section, and the backstop can be brought into a free rotational position by rotation of the switching ring (4) in an azimuthal switching direction (S1, S2), in the free rotation position, the driven section (2) can rotate in a free rotation direction (F1, F2) relative to the driving section (1). In order to be able to achieve a "fast screwing function" by means of the screwing tool, it is proposed that the switching ring (4) can be rotated without limitation in a respective free rotation direction (F1, F2), whereby the switching direction (S1, S2) corresponds to the free rotation direction (F1, F2).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a screwdriver having a drive section, a driven section and a backstop arranged axially between the drive section and the driven section, wherein the free rotation direction of the driven section can be switched relative to the drive section by rotating a switching ring in an azimuthal switching direction. Background Art

[0002] The screwing tool known in the prior art has a backstop that can switch directions, i.e., a so-called ratchet. For example, a screwing tool with such a ratchet function is described in documents DE 10 2007 004 987 A1 or DE 10 2008 055 558.

[0003] In addition, the prior art also provides some screwdrivers, whose drive section is in the shape of an elongated handle that can be gripped by a user. The rod is connected to the handle at a certain axial extension, and the free end of the rod has a threaded profile or an opening, into which a screw can be inserted. The rod and the handle are functionally connected to each other by a switchable backstop. In order to switch the free rotation direction of the drive section relative to the driven section, it is necessary to provide a switching ring, which can rotate in the azimuth direction of the tool axis between several switching positions. The switching ring can only rotate within a limited range relative to the handle, that is, between the stop position or the braking position, the switching ring is fixed in its switching position.

[0004] With this screwing tool, a screw can be screwed into or out of the thread step by step by turning the screwing handle back and forth. When using this long screwing tool, the screwing tool with axially arranged driving and driven sections only needs to rotate the handle area with the thumb and one or more fingertips for rapid rotation. This way of using a screwing tool is usually called "screwing".

[0005] The invention also relates to a backstop (or one-way clutch or free-rotation lock), which is particularly suitable for being inserted into the handle of a screwing tool with a replaceable blade, especially a blade with an insulating jacket.

[0006] Document DE 10 2005 012 729 B4 shows a screwdriver having a handle with a handle cavity, in which an electrically insulating blade can be inserted and fixed in the handle cavity by a latching device. Document DE 10 2019 102 667 A1 describes a similar screwdriver.

[0007] From the documents US2013 / 0042723 A1, US2006 / 0075621 A1, US2015 / 0000472 A1 and EP 2 623266 B1, it is known that the switching ring in the screwing tool can be rotated relative to the handle so as to adjust the switching position in a stop-limited or latch-limited manner. The switching direction is opposite to the free rotation direction.

[0008] Document US2007 / 0240544 A1 also describes a screwing tool in which a switching ring can only be adjusted relative to the handle to change the switching position. Here, the free rotation direction is consistent with the switching direction. Summary of the invention

[0009] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to further improve the screwing tool of the aforementioned type so that improved “screwing” can be performed by the screwing tool.

[0010] The technical problem is solved by the invention specified in the claims, wherein the dependent claims are not only advantageous further developments of the invention specified in the dependent claims but are also independent solutions to the technical problem.

[0011] First and foremost, the present invention proposes a screwing tool having a driving section and a driven section. A backstop having a switching ring is installed between the driving section and the driven section. The backstop can be moved from a locking position to a free rotation position by rotating the switching ring. In particular, it can be switched between two free rotation positions, in which the driven section can rotate relative to the driving section in the free rotation direction, but cannot rotate in the opposite direction. According to the present invention, the switching ring can rotate indefinitely in the free rotation direction, in particular in each free rotation direction. According to the present invention, the switching ring has a dual function. The backstop can be changed by the switching ring. At the same time, the switching ring can also be used for "screwing". The switching ring is supported by a supporting section, such as a supporting body. The switching ring can be switched relative to the supporting body in the switching direction of the azimuth angle. The supporting section is preferably fixedly connected to the driven section, so that it can rotate relative to the driving section and rotate indefinitely in the free rotation direction. It is also suggested that, unlike the prior art, the switching direction is equivalent to the new free rotation direction to be achieved by the driven section relative to the driving section when switching. For example, if the switching position of the backstop is switched from a position in which the screwing tool is allowed to rotate right (in which the free rotation direction of the backstop is the right-hand direction of the driven section relative to the driving section) to a position in which the screwing tool is allowed to rotate left, the switching ring must be rotated in the new free rotation direction (i.e., the left-hand direction of the driven section). Similarly, when the backstop is switched from a switching position in which the switching direction is left-hand to a switching position in which the switching direction is right-hand, the switching ring must be rotated right. If the neutral position in the middle of the backstop is that the driving section and the driven section are non-rotatably connected together, the free rotation position can be achieved by rotating the switching ring leftward or rightward. The free rotation direction of the driven section achieved by rotating the switching ring is the same as the rotation direction of the switching ring. For "tightening", the switching ring is rotated in the desired "tightening direction", which is consistent with the free rotation direction. For example, if a screw with a right-hand thread is to be screwed into the corresponding thread, the switching ring is rotated in the right-hand direction. According to the present invention, the switching ring can be used for "tightening".

[0012] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is also suggested that the switching ring is locked by a locking element or rotationally locked by a stopper relative to a support body supporting one or more locking bodies in its switching position corresponding to the free rotation position of the backstop. The switching ring can be rotated unlimitedly relative to the drive section in each free rotation direction. The switching ring can be rotated relative to the drive section by holding the switching ring with the tip of the thumb, thereby realizing "twisting". Here, the locking body that locks the backstop in the opposite direction can slide on the teeth of the axial toothed portion through its locking segment. According to a preferred embodiment, the screwing tool is longitudinally elongated. The longitudinal handle forming the drive section is coaxial with the rod forming the driven section, so that a screwing tool profile is arranged at the end of the rod, or the rod is configured with an insertion port for inserting a screw. The handle can be made of plastic and has a diameter between 1 and 5 cm. The switching ring can have a rolling protection function, which has a non-circular outer peripheral surface. The outer peripheral surface can be a polygonal surface. The switching ring is preferably located directly at the position where the rod and the handle meet. The handle can form an annular groove in the axial region adjacent to the switching ring, and its diameter is smaller than the outer diameter of the switching ring. The switching ring can be part of the assembly and can be inserted into a cavity open to the end face of the handle body. In a preferred embodiment, the backstop has a circumferential toothing. The circumferential toothing is preferably formed by a tooth seat, which is connected to the drive section in a rotationally fixed manner. The driven section can have a bearing section / support body supporting two locking bodies. The support body is connected to the driven section in a rotationally fixed manner. The locking body can be moved in a direction away from each other under the action of a spring element, so that the locking section of the locking body consisting of one or more teeth is engaged with the toothing, especially the internal toothing. The switching ring has a control side wall, and depending on the switching position, the locking section of one of the locking bodies can be disengaged from the toothing. The locking body preferably has the shape of a lever. It can be a single-arm lever. One end of the locking body is rotatably supported on the support body. For this purpose, the locking body forms a support protrusion, which has a support surface extending partially on the cylindrical outer surface, and the support protrusion is supported in a support recess of the support body configured as a pivot support. The free end of the locking body forms a locking segment with one or more teeth, and the locking segment can be engaged in the tooth portion or disengaged from the tooth portion according to the switching position. The spring element that acts on the two locking bodies relative to each other can be a pressure spring, which is constructed in the supporting recess of the supporting body. In a preferred embodiment, the backstop can have three switching states. In the neutral position in the middle, the backstop is locked in both rotational directions, the torque can be transmitted from the driving section to the driven section along the two rotational directions, and the switching ring can be rotated in both the left-hand direction and the right-hand direction from the neutral position in the middle to produce the free rotation direction of the backstop in each rotational direction of the switching ring. The torsion-proof connection between the tooth seat and the driving section can adopt a constraint element, which makes the driving section have a non-circular cross section. The constraint element is preferably a wing that can enter the radial groove of the handle cavity. In the improved scheme of the present invention, it is suggested that the tooth portion is an internal tooth portion.The inner toothing can be formed by the circumferential wall of the pot-shaped recess of the tooth holder. The pot-shaped recess of the tooth holder can have a bottom. In the assembled position, the bottom forms a cover surface, which rests against the end face of the support body. This contact closes the support recess in which the spring element is located. The cover can also axially close the pivot support in which the support projection of the locking body is located. The spring element can also be a torsion element, as described below.

[0013] The technical problem is also solved according to the invention by a backstop, wherein the spring element which brings the locking body into the locked position takes up as little installation space as possible in the plane of the locking body. In particular, the technical problem is also solved according to the invention by a screwing tool with an exchangeable blade body, and in particular a blade body with an insulating jacket, which is provided with a backstop which can be switched by a switching ring.

[0014] The technical problem is firstly and essentially solved in that the spring element is a torsion spring. Advantageously, the locking body is connected to the support body in the manner of a pawl so that it can rotate about an axis, and the torsion spring extends along the axis. For example, when the toothed locking section of the locking body moves out of the toothed portion or the locking body moves into the release position, the locking body can rotate about the axis in an extension plane. The torsion spring can extend transversely on this extension plane. The torsion spring has at least one restraining section, by which the torsion spring is fixed to the support body so that it cannot rotate. The torsion spring also has another restraining section, by which the torsion spring is connected to the locking body in a torsion-proof manner. The torsion spring is particularly arranged to press the locking section of the corresponding locking body into the toothed portion of the toothed support. If the locking body is moved into the release position by rotating the switching ring, the torsion spring is further tightened. By this arrangement, the diameter of the central opening of the support body can be increased so that a replaceable knife body can be inserted into the opening, in particular a knife body with a polygonal inner contour, as described in the above-mentioned prior art. Document DE 10 2005 012 729 B4 is therefore included in its entirety in the disclosure content of the present patent application.

[0015] Preferably, two locking bodies are provided, which can be selectively placed in the release position. However, the locking body can also be in the locking position at the same time, in which the locking segment of the locking body is meshed with the toothed portion, so that the tool is rigidly connected to the handle. However, if only one of the two locking bodies is meshed with the toothed portion, the tool can rotate freely in one rotation direction or the other rotation direction; in the other rotation direction, the tool is coupled to the handle in a torsion-proof manner. The backstop is particularly designed so that when the handle is fixed, the tool can rotate infinitely by rotating the switching ring in one direction. If the handle is rotated in the same direction, the backstop is locked and the tool is rotated by the handle. The locking body can have a roller-shaped bearing projection. It is installed in the bearing projection of the supporting body so that the outer surface of the bearing projection is in contact with the inner surface of the pivot bearing portion. The pivot bearing portion can surround the roller-shaped bearing projection by more than 180 degrees, but not more than 360 degrees, so that the supporting body can rotate around the axis with a limited rotation angle. Advantageously, the spring element, especially the torsion spring, extends along the axis. It is particularly advantageous to provide two bearing elements, for example two bearing elements arranged in the axial direction. Each of the two supporting bodies can form a pivot bearing for each of the two locking bodies, wherein the pivot bearing can only extend on the axial subsection of the bearing projection, so that the bearing projection is located in two pivot bearings formed in one of the two supporting bodies. The two pivot bearings or a single pivot bearing can form bottom surfaces that are away from each other. The end faces of the bearing projection can be in contact with these bottom surfaces. The bottom surface can have an opening, in particular a groove-shaped opening. The two ends of the torsion spring are respectively inserted into the openings. The torsion spring is fixed in these openings in a rotationally fixed manner. For this purpose, the cross section of the opening can be non-circular. The ends of the torsion spring can be precisely inserted into the opening. The torsion spring is preferably composed of a strip steel body. However, the torsion spring can also be composed of a polygonal base body. The torsion spring can have a central area, through which the torsion spring is connected to the locking body in a rotationally fixed manner. For this purpose, the locking body forms an opening that matches the cross-sectional profile of the torsion spring. The opening can also be designed as a groove. The end face of the bearing projection may also have free spaces. When the locking body is rotated, the torsion section of the torsion spring passes through these free spaces. In particular, the locking body is preloaded by the torsion spring in the meshing direction of the locking body and the tooth seat. By rotating the switching ring, the locking body can be rotated from the locked position to the released position by further stretching the torsion spring. The switching ring has suitable, in particular the above-mentioned means, by which the locking body can be held in the released position. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the accompanying drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 A perspective view showing a rotary tool configured as a screwdriver,

[0018] Figure 2 A view showing a rotating tool,

[0019] Figure 3 A sectional stereogram obtained by cutting along the cutting line III-III is shown.

[0020] Figure 3a Shown in Figure 3 An enlarged snapshot of the cut surface shown,

[0021] Figure 4 In the middle neutral position of the backstop 3, Figure 2 The cross-sectional view obtained by cutting along the cutting line IV-IV in the figure is:

[0022] Figure 5 Shown in the middle neutral position according to Figure 2 The sectional view obtained by cutting along the cutting line VV in the figure is:

[0023] Figure 6 Show according to Figure 4 , but wherein the switching ring 4 rotates in the right-hand direction relative to the supporting body 10 along the switching direction S1,

[0024] Figure 7 Shown in accordance with Figure 6 The switching position is based on Figure 5 , wherein the driven section 2 together with the switching ring 4 rotates in the right-hand direction relative to the driving section 1 along the free rotation direction F1,

[0025] Figure 8 Show according to Figure 4 , but wherein the switching ring 4 rotates in the left-hand direction relative to the supporting body 10 along the switching direction S2,

[0026] Fig. 9 Shown in accordance with Figure 6 The switching position is based on Figure 5 , but in which the driven section 2 together with the switching ring 4 rotates in the left-hand direction relative to the driving section 1 along the free rotation direction F2,

[0027] Fig.10 A top view of the switching ring 4 is shown,

[0028] Fig.11 shows a top view of the support body 10,

[0029] Fig.12 A first exploded view showing the main elements of this embodiment,

[0030] Fig.13 A second exploded view showing the main elements of this embodiment,

[0031] Fig.14The assembly consisting of the driven section 2, the support body 10, the gear holder 6 and the switching ring 4 is shown.

[0032] Fig.15 Show according to Fig.14 A side view of the components,

[0033] Fig.16 A front view of the assembly is shown,

[0034] Fig.17 A perspective view showing a second embodiment of the present invention,

[0035] Fig.18 A view showing a second embodiment,

[0036] Fig.19 Show according to Fig.18 The sectional view obtained by cutting along the cutting line XIX-XIX in the figure is:

[0037] Fig. 20 Show according to Fig.19 The enlarged cross-sectional view obtained by cutting along the cutting line XX-XX in the figure.

[0038] Fig.21 Show Fig. 20 The cut in Figure X XI,

[0039] Fig. 22 Show according to Figure 4 View,

[0040] Fig.23 Show according to Figure 5 View,

[0041] Fig.24 Show according to Figure 6 View,

[0042] Fig.25 Show according to Figure 7 View,

[0043] Fig.26 An exploded view of a second embodiment is shown,

[0044] Fig. 27 The assembled state of two supporting bodies 10 and 10' in the second embodiment is shown.

[0045] Fig.28 Show Fig. 27 The top view of the support body 10 ′ is shown,

[0046] Fig.29 Show according to Fig.28 The sectional view obtained by cutting along the cutting line XXIX-XXIX in the figure is:

[0047] Fig.30 Show Fig. 27 An exploded view of the carrier 10 , 10 ′ is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The embodiment shown in the figure is a screwdriver with a handle 1, which is made of wood or plastic, etc., is designed to be longitudinally elongated and forms a driving section. An axial cavity 34 is provided on the front end face of the handle 1, and the cavity has a groove 33 extending in the radial direction. A ridge is adjacent to the end face. On the ridge, an annular groove 27 extends toward the top end of the rear part of the handle 1.

[0049] In an embodiment not shown, the handle 1 is made of different materials. For example, the handle can be made of metal. In another embodiment not shown, the handle does not extend along the rotation direction, but can protrude transversely to the rotation direction, and can even be moved from a position in the rotation direction to a position protruding transversely to the rotation direction through a joint.

[0050] Figures 1 to 16 A first embodiment of the present invention is shown and will be described below:

[0051] The handle 1 is connected to the rod 2 with a backstop 3, and the rod forms a driven section. The rod 2 has a polygonal insertion opening 26 at its end opposite to the top of the handle 1 for inserting screw accessories. In an embodiment not shown, the free end of the rod 2 has a screw tool profile, such as a Torx profile, a cross groove profile or a slotted profile or a similar profile. However, the driven profile can also be an inner polygon or an outer polygon. The rod 2 is constructed with a core 5, which is inserted into the cavity 34 in the assembled state. The core 5 forms a polygonal section 21, which is inserted into the polygonal cavity 23 of the support body 10 in the assembled state, and the support body 10 is inserted into the basin-shaped recess of the tooth seat 6, and the tooth seat 6 is inserted into the cavity 34 through the rear protrusion. The constraint element 32, which is particularly designed to be wing-shaped, protrudes radially from the rear protrusion of the tooth seat 6, and the constraint element can engage with the groove 33.

[0052] The tooth holder 6 and the inner wall of the basin-shaped recess form an inner tooth portion 7. The bottom 9 of the recess has a hole 8, in which the core 5 extends. The base-shaped protrusion of the support body 10 also engages with the groove. The free end of the core 5 has a circumferential groove 25, and the clamping ring 24 engages with the circumferential groove, and the entirety of the rod 2, the support body 10 and the tooth holder 6 is clamped together in the axial direction.

[0053] The support body 10 can be clamped relative to the switching ring 4 in three different rotational positions. Figure 4 and Figure 5In the meshing position shown, the locking ball 15 is meshed with the locking groove 20 and the support body 10 is held in a central neutral position relative to the switching ring 4 .

[0054] exist Figure 6 and Figure 7 In the switching position shown, the locking ball 15 is engaged with the locking groove 20'. Figure 4 and Figure 5 Starting from the switch position shown, follow Figure 6 The switching position can be achieved by rotating the switching ring 4 in the direction of the arrow S1. Figure 7 The rotation direction marked with Fl is free to rotate. The rotation direction of S1 and Fl is the same, corresponding to the right-hand direction.

[0055] exist Figure 8 and Fig. 9 In the switching position shown, the locking ball 15 is engaged with the locking groove 20". Figure 4 and Figure 5 Starting from the switch position shown, follow Figure 8 The switching position can be achieved by rotating the switching ring 4 in the direction of the arrow S2. Fig. 9 The rotation direction of S2 and F2 is the same, which corresponds to the left-hand direction.

[0056] The locking ball 15 is acted upon in the radially outward direction by a spring element 16, wherein the spring element 16 is a compression spring which is supported on the polygonal surface 21' of the polygonal section 21. However, the spring element 16 can also be supported on a differently designed bottom of the recess.

[0057] The backstop clutch 3 shown in the figure is a preferred backstop 3, which will be described below. However, the drive section 1 can also use a backstop clutch of different designs to cooperate with the driven section.

[0058] The backstop 3 has two locking devices arranged mirror-symmetrically to each other, each of which has a locking body 11, 11'. The two locking bodies 11, 11' are designed as levers and are matched with the support body 10, and the locking bodies can rotate around the rotation axis formed by the support projection 18. The support body 10 is configured with a slot 12, in which the locking bodies 11, 11' are pivotably inserted, wherein the support projection 18 is respectively located in a pivot bearing 17 of the support body 10.

[0059] The support body 10 is formed with an end face 31 which, in the assembled state, lies against the base 9 of the toothed support 6. The base 9 here closes the support recess 14 in which the spring element 13 extends.

[0060] The support body 10 and the tooth holder 6 are located in the switching ring 4, the edge of the cavity of which also has a rotation stop 36, which cooperates with a rear protruding stop 37 of the support body 10. The stop 37 is formed by the edge of a slot 37', which is axially offset from the slot 12.

[0061] The locking bodies 11, 11' are provided with locking segments 19 at their free ends with a plurality of teeth, which mesh with the toothing 7 in the locked position of the respective locking bodies 11, 11', so that the toothing 7 can only be rotated in one rotational direction relative to the support body 10. In this rotational direction, the teeth of the locking segments 19 slide on the teeth of the toothing 7.

[0062] The edge of the cavity of the switching ring 4 is configured with a control side wall 38. Figure 6 and Figure 7 or Figure 8 and Fig. 9 In the working position, the control side wall 38 slides along the control shoulder 39 of one of the two locking bodies 11, 11' in order to move the locking section 19 of the respective locking body 11, 11' from its toothed position into the toothed section 7 (see Figure 7 or Fig. 9 ).

[0063] from Figure 3a As can be seen in the figure, the support body 10 is configured with an annular shoulder 29, and the annular step 28 of the switching ring 4 is located at the rear of the shoulder, so that the switching ring 4 is axially constrained. In the transition area between the polygonal section 21 and the section with a circular cross section of the core 5, the step 30 is connected to the annular step of the support body 10, so that the support body 10 is axially constrained to the driven section 2 or the core 5. The free end of the core is configured with a circumferential groove 25, and the clamping ring 24 is embedded in the circumferential groove to constrain the gear seat 6 to the driven section 2 in the axial direction.

[0064] In the present embodiment, the toothed portion 7 is an internal toothed portion. In an embodiment not shown, the toothed portion 7 cooperating with the locking bodies 11, 11' is an external toothed portion, so that the locking bodies 11, 11' are not arranged radially inside the toothed portion 7 as shown in the figure, but are arranged radially outside the toothed portion. In the present embodiment, it can be provided that the toothed portion or the tooth seat can also be connected to the handle in a rotationally fixed manner.

[0065] The screwdriver works in the following modes:

[0066] exist Figure 4 and Figure 5 In the illustrated actuating position, the switching ring 4 is in the central neutral position, and the locking segments 19 of the two locking bodies 11 , 11 ′ mesh with the toothing 7 , so that the output section 2 is coupled to the drive section in a rotationally fixed manner in both rotational directions.

[0067] If from Figure 4and Figure 5 Starting from the operating position shown, rotate the switch ring 4 in the right direction S1 to reach Figure 6 and Figure 7 The operating position shown in the figure, in which the driven section 2 can rotate together with the switching ring 4 in the free rotation direction F1 (i.e., right-hand direction) without restriction. In this position, the bolt can only be rotated in the first rotation direction by rotating the switching ring 4 while holding the handle 1 tightly. In order to continue to rotate the bolt in the first rotation direction with a larger torque, it is only necessary to apply a driving torque to the handle 1 instead of the switching ring. In other words, the handle must be held by hand and rotated in the free rotation direction, but in this switching position, the locking direction of the backstop 3 is the free rotation direction as far as the handle is concerned. Therefore, there is no need to switch the switching ring 4.

[0068] If from Figure 4 and Figure 5 Starting from the operating position shown, the switch ring 4 rotates S2 in the counterclockwise direction to reach Figure 8 and Fig. 9 The operating position shown in the figure, in which the driven section can be rotated together with the switching ring 4 in the other free rotation direction F2, that is, in the left-hand direction without any hindrance. In this position, the bolt can only be rotated in the second rotation direction by turning the switching ring 4 when the handle is held tightly. In order to continue to turn the bolt in the second rotation direction with a greater torque, it is only necessary to change the operating range of the handle. Instead of turning the switching ring 4, the handle 1 needs to be turned in the left-hand direction. There is no need to switch the backstop.

[0069] The second embodiment of the present invention is Figures 17 to 30 shown and described below:

[0070] The end of the handle 1 has a top end section and a section forming an annular groove 27. The section forming the annular groove 27 is adjacent to the anti-roll device. The anti-roll device is designed as a switching ring 4. The switching ring can also have an annular groove 27.

[0071] The handle 1 has a cavity into which a tooth holder 6 is inserted. The tooth holder 6 is connected to the end section of the handle 1 in a rotationally fixed manner. The tooth holder 6 has a cup-shaped opening with an internal toothing 7. A restraining element 32 protrudes from the outer cover surface of the tooth holder 6, by which the tooth holder 6 is fixed to the handle 1 in a rotationally fixed manner. The handle 1 or the tooth holder 6 forms the drive section 1.

[0072] The tooth holder 6 has an opening 8, the diameter of which is larger than Figures 1 to 16 The diameter of the tooth holder 6 shown thus makes it possible to accommodate a support body 10 ′ in the opening 8 , the outer diameter of which support body 10 ′ is relatively large, thereby forming an opening 26 into which a tool 4 can be inserted and another tool 4 can be replaced.

[0073] A further support body 10 is also provided, which is axially adjacent to the support body 10' relative to the direction of rotation of the screwing tool. The support body 10 also has an opening into which the tool 4 can be inserted. The two support bodies 10, 10' form functional sides facing each other, which respectively constitute a pivot support part 17. The pivot support part 17 constitutes a bearing shell, in which the roller-shaped support projection 18 of the locking body 11, 11' is located. The support projection 18 is rotatably located in the pivot support part 17, but cannot be moved out of the pivot support part 17 in the radial direction. Therefore, the locking body 11, 11' forms a pawl that can be rotated around the pivot axis, and the locking section 19 formed by the pawl has a toothing that can mesh with the toothing 7.

[0074] In the assembled state, Fig. 27 As shown, the two end faces of the support bodies 10, 10' are in contact. In this state, the support projection 18 is also axially constrained in the pivot support 17, 17'.

[0075] The pivot bearings 17, 17' form a bottom surface, against which the end face of the bearing projection 18 can rest. There is an opening 43 on the bottom surface. In the present embodiment, the opening 43 has a rectangular cross section and is in particular designed in the form of a groove. The ends 40 of the spring element 13 designed as a torsion spring, which are designed as steel bars, are respectively inserted into two openings 43 opposite to each other. As a result, the torsion spring 13 is respectively clamped in one of the two supporting bodies 10, 10' with its two ends 40 in a rotationally fixed manner. In the assembled state, by Fig. 27 The illustrated assembly of the two support bodies 10 , 10 ′ forms two windows 42 , from which the locking sections 19 of the two locking bodies 11 , 11 ′ project in order to be able to mesh with the toothing 7 .

[0076] Fig.21 As shown, the bearing projection 18 has two cavities that are spaced apart from each other. The two cavities are formed by free spaces 45, which are adjacent to the two end sides of the bearing projection 18. The middle region 41 of the torsion spring 12 passes through the opening 44 of the bearing projection 18 in a form-fitting manner. The openings 43, 44 have an angular orientation relative to each other, so that when the locking body 11, 11' protrudes from the window 42, the torsion spring 12 is in a relaxed or slightly prestressed state. Therefore, the locking teeth of the locking body 11, 11' are acted upon by the force of the prestressed torsion spring 12 in the toothed section 7.

[0077] Due to this structure, the polygonal insertion opening 26 in this embodiment can have a maximum diameter or a maximum cross-sectional area, so that the tool 5 can also be inserted into the insertion opening 26, and the insertion opening 26 has a steel core 46 surrounded by an insulator 48 (see Fig.23 and 25). The pivot bearing 17 is at only a small radial distance from the polygonal surface of the polygonal insertion opening 26. The pivot bearings 17 are arranged substantially opposite each other.

[0078] The switching ring 4 has three locking grooves 20, 20', 20". When the switching ring 4 rotates, the control side wall 38 of the switching ring 4 moves so that the locking ball 15 is located in the locking groove 20 in the middle neutral position. In this neutral position, both locking bodies 11, 11' are in the locking position, so that the tool 5 is connected to the handle 1 in a rotationally fixed manner.

[0079] If the switching ring is rotated from the intermediate position in one rotational direction or the other, which direction coincides with the free rotational direction of the backstop, the locking ball 15 engages in the locking groove 20 ′ or 20 ″. This results in the control shoulder 39 of the locking body 11, 11 ′ being acted upon by the control side wall 38, so that the locking body 11 is shifted to the release position under the restoring force of the torsion spring 13, so that the tool 5 can rotate freely in one rotational direction by rotating the switching ring 4.

[0080] The support body 10 forms a hook 50 which can engage on the bottom side with a locking step 51 of the tool 5. By axially moving the operating element 49 toward the handle 1, the hook 50 can be pulled out of the engagement position and thus the tool 5 can be pulled out of the opening 26. The rear end of the tool 5 can be supported on a stop element 53 of the support body 10'.

[0081] Apart from the output contour 54 , the entire steel core 46 is surrounded by insulating plastic sheaths 47 , 48 .

[0082] In the illustrated embodiment, the tooth holder 7 is connected to the handle 1 in a rotationally fixed manner. The locking bodies 11, 11' are connected to the support body 10, 10' or the tool 5 in a rotationally fixed manner.

[0083] In an exemplary embodiment not shown, the tooth holder 7 can be connected to the tool 5 in a rotationally fixed manner, and the locking bodies 11 , 11 ′ can be connected to the handle 1 in a rotationally fixed manner.

[0084] The screwing tool according to the present invention has a driving section 1, which can be, for example, a handle. The screwing tool also has a driven section 2, which can be a tool or a chuck for clamping a tool. A backstop is provided between the driving section 1 and the driven section 2. The backstop has a switching ring 4, which can be rotationally adjusted relative to the driven section 2 to adjust the free rotation direction F1, F2. The switching ring 4 is non-rotatably assigned to the driven section 2, so that by rotating the switching ring 4, the driven section 2 can be rotated relative to the driving section 1 as required. The supporting bodies 10, 10' carrying the switching ring 4 and the locking bodies 11, 11' are connected to the driven section 2 in a non-rotatable manner. The locking bodies 11, 11' can be embedded in the toothed portion 7, which is assigned to the driving section 1.

[0085] The above embodiments are used to explain the invention contained in the application as a whole, which expands the prior art at least by the following feature combinations, respectively and independently, wherein two, more or all feature combinations can also be combined with each other, namely:

[0086] A screwing tool, characterized in that the bearing segments 10 , 10 ′ are assigned to the output segment 2 , so that the switching ring 4 can rotate without restriction relative to the drive segment 1 in respective free rotation directions F1 , F2 .

[0087] A screwdriver, characterized in that the switching ring 4 is locked by means of locking elements 20', 20" relative to a supporting body 10 supporting one or more locking bodies 11, 11' or is rotationally locked by means of stops 36, 37 in its switching positions corresponding to the free rotation positions of the backstop, and can be rotated unrestrictedly relative to the drive section 1 in the corresponding free rotation directions F1, F2.

[0088] A screwing tool, characterized in that the driving section 1 is a handle having a surrounding gripping area, and the switching ring 4 is arranged in an adjacent area of ​​the handle immediately adjacent to the driven section 2 formed by a shaft.

[0089] A screwing tool, characterized in that the handle 1 is configured with an annular groove 27 adjacent to the switching ring 4, and the switching ring 4 has a non-circular outer circumferential surface used as a slide protection.

[0090] A screwing tool, characterized in that the backstop 3 has a circumferential toothed portion 7 and two locking bodies 11, 11', the circumferential toothed portion is rotationally connected to the driving section 1, and the two locking bodies are rotationally connected to the driven section 2, wherein one of the locking bodies 11, 11' is engaged with the circumferential toothed portion 7 through a locking segment 19 according to the free rotation direction F1, F2 set by the switching ring 4.

[0091] A screwing tool, characterized in that the locking bodies 11, 11' are respectively constituted by a lever, which is rotatably supported in a pivot support 17 of the support segment 10 via a support protrusion 18, and the lever has one or more locking segments 19 with teeth at its free end, and the teeth are engaged or not engaged with the toothed portion 7 depending on the position of the backstop 3, wherein a spring element 13 supported in a support recess 14 of the support segment 10 exerts an action on the two locking bodies 11, 11' to move away from each other.

[0092] A screwing tool, characterized in that the switching ring is locked with the bearing section 10 by means of locking elements 20, 20', 20" in different free rotation positions of the backstop 3, and the switching ring 4 has control side walls 38, 38', which interact with a control shoulder 39 of one of the locking bodies 11, 11' so that the locking section 19 of the locking body 11, 11' remains disengaged from the toothing 7.

[0093] A screwing tool, characterized in that a tooth seat 6 supporting a toothed portion 7 extends into an axial cavity 34 of the drive segment 1 in a rotationally fixed manner, wherein a radially protruding restraining element 32 of the tooth seat 6 engages with a radial groove 33 of the drive segment 1.

[0094] A screwing tool, characterized in that the toothed portion 7 is an internal toothed portion, the internal toothed portion is formed by the circumferential wall of the pot-shaped recess of the tooth seat 6, the bottom 9 of the internal toothed portion is in contact with the end face 31 of the bearing section 10, and the spring element 13 is ensured not to fall out from the bearing recess 14, and the bearing protrusion 18 is ensured not to fall out from the pivot bearing portion 17.

[0095] A backstop is characterized in that the spring element 13 is a torsion spring.

[0096] A backstop is characterized in that the locking body 11 is designed as a pawl rotatable around an axis, and the torsion spring 13 is arranged on the axis.

[0097] A backstop, characterized in that the locking body 11, 11' has a roller-shaped supporting protrusion 18, and the locking body is supported between two supporting elements 10, 10', wherein the outer cover surface of the roller-shaped supporting protrusion 18 is surrounded by a pivot support portion 17 by more than 180 degrees but less than 360 degrees, and the pivot support portion supports the supporting body 10, 10' rotatably around an axis, wherein two bottoms of the pivot support portion 17 pointing away from each other are configured with openings 43, the supporting protrusion 18 extends between the two bottoms, and the two ends 40 of the spring element 13 are respectively inserted into these openings in a rotationally fixed manner, wherein the middle area 41 arranged between the two ends 40 of the spring element 13 is connected to the spring element 13 in a rotationally fixed manner, so that the locking segment 19 of the locking body 11, 11' is exerted in the toothed portion 7.

[0098] A backstop is characterized in that the end face of the bearing projection 18 has a recess 45 , through which a section of the spring element 13 extending between the end 40 and the middle region 41 extends.

[0099] A backstop, characterized in that the torsion spring 13 is a flat, straightly extending steel body, which has a non-circular cross section at least in the regions of its two ends 40 and its middle region 41, or the torsion spring 13 is designed as a flat steel bar.

[0100] A screwing tool, characterized by being provided with a backstop arranged in the handle 1 according to any one of claims 10 to 14, wherein the support body 10, 10' has a polygonal insertion opening through which a section of the blade body 5 extends.

[0101] A screwing tool, characterized in that the blade body 5 is formed with a steel core 46, which is formed as a working profile 54 and has a surrounding jacket 47, 48 composed of insulating plastic.

[0102] All disclosed features (in themselves and in combination with each other) have inventive significance or inventive value. In the disclosure documents of the present application, the disclosure content of the associated / attached priority document (prior application document) is also fully included, and for this purpose, the features in the priority document are also incorporated into the claims of the present application. The features of the dependent claims are all improved designs with independent inventive significance or value for the prior art even without the technical features of the corresponding claims, and in particular, divisional applications can be filed on the basis of these dependent claims. The invention provided in each claim may additionally have one or more technical features provided in the preceding description, in particular with reference numerals and / or in the list of reference numerals. The present invention also relates to some design forms in which individual technical features mentioned in the preceding description cannot be realized, and in particular, it can be identified that they are unnecessary for various application purposes or can be replaced by other devices that can be realized in the same way technically.

[0103] Reference numerals list

[0104] 1 Drive section, handle

[0105] 2 Driven section, rod

[0106] 3 backstop

[0107] 4 Switching ring

[0108] 5 Core

[0109] 6 Gear Adapter

[0110] 7 Teeth

[0111] 8 holes

[0112] 9 Bottom

[0113] 10 Support

[0114] 10' support

[0115] 11 Locking body

[0116] 11' Locking body

[0117] 12 Gap

[0118] 13 Spring element

[0119] 14 Support recess

[0120] 15. Stop ball

[0121] 16 Spring element

[0122] 17 Pivot support portion

[0123] 17' Pivot support

[0124] 18 Support protrusion

[0125] 19 Locking section

[0126] 20 Locking groove

[0127] 20' stop slot

[0128] 20” retaining groove

[0129] 21 Polygonal Segments

[0130] 21' polygonal surface

[0131] 22 holes

[0132] 23 Polygonal opening

[0133] 24 Clamp

[0134] 25 Circumferential groove

[0135] 26 Polygonal Insert

[0136] 27 Annular groove

[0137] 28 Circular Stairs

[0138] 29 shoulder

[0139] 30 steps

[0140] 31 End face

[0141] 32 Constraint Components

[0142] 33 Grooves

[0143] 34 Cavity

[0144] 35 End face

[0145] 36 Rotation stop

[0146] 37 Stop

[0147] 37' Gap

[0148] 38 Control sidewall

[0149] 38' Control Sidewall

[0150] 39 Control shoulder

[0151] 40 end

[0152] 41 Middle Area

[0153] 42 Window

[0154] 43 Opening

[0155] 44 Opening

[0156] 45 Space

[0157] 46 Steel Core

[0158] 47 Insulating wraparound jacket

[0159] 48 Insulation wrap around the outside

[0160] 49 Operating elements

[0161] 50 Hook

[0162] 51 Stop step

[0163] 52 Sloped side walls

[0164] 53 Stop element

[0165] 54 Work Profile

[0166] F1 Free rotation direction

[0167] F2 Free rotation direction

[0168] S1 Switch direction

[0169] S2 Switch direction

Claims

1. A screwing tool comprising a drive section (1), a driven section (2) and a check valve (3) arranged axially or functionally between the drive section and the driven section, the check valve having a bearing section (10, 10') supporting a switching ring (4), the switching ring (4) being adjustable between a plurality of switching positions along an azimuthal switching direction (S1, S2) relative to the bearing section, wherein: The driven section (2) is rotatable relative to the driving section (1) in a free rotation direction (F1, F2), and is characterized in that the bearing section (10, 10') is assigned to the driven section (2) so that the switching ring (4) is rotatable relative to the driving section (1) in the corresponding free rotation direction (F1, F2) without restriction.

2. The screwing tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switching ring (4) is locked relative to the bearing section (10, 10') in the switching position by means of a locking element (20', 20") or is rotationally locked by means of a stop (36, 37).

3. The screwing tool according to claim 1, characterized in that The locking bodies (11, 11') supported by the supporting bodies (10, 10') extend into the toothing (7) associated with the drive section (1).

4. The screwing tool according to claim 1, characterized in that The driving section (1) is a handle having a surrounding gripping area, and the driven section (2) is formed by a rod, and the switching ring (4) is arranged in an adjacent area of ​​the handle immediately adjacent to the driven section (2).

5. The screwing tool according to claim 1, characterized in that The handle (1) is formed with an annular groove (27) adjacent to the switching ring (4), and the switching ring (4) has a non-circular outer circumferential surface serving as a rolling protection.

6. The screwing tool according to claim 1, characterized in that The backstop (3) comprises a circumferential toothing (7) and two locking bodies (11, 11'), wherein the circumferential toothing is connected to the drive section (1) in a rotationally fixed manner, and the two locking bodies are connected to the driven section (2) in a rotationally fixed manner, wherein one of the locking bodies (11, 11') is meshed with the circumferential toothing (7) via a locking section (19) according to a free rotation direction (F1, F2) set by the switching ring (4).

7. The screwing tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: The locking bodies (11, 11') are each formed by a lever which is rotatably supported in a pivot support (17) of the support section (10) via a support projection (18), and which has one or more locking sections (19) with teeth at its free end, the teeth meshing or not meshing with the toothed section (7) depending on the position of the backstop (3), wherein a spring element (13) supported in a support recess (14) of the support section (10) acts to move the two locking bodies (11, 11') away from each other.

8. The screwing tool according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The switching ring (4) is locked with the bearing section (10) in different freely rotating positions of the backstop (3) by means of locking elements (20, 20', 20"), the switching ring having control side walls (38, 38') which interact with a control shoulder (39) of one of the locking bodies (11, 11') in order to keep the locking section (19) of the locking body (11, 11') disengaged from the toothing (7).

9. The screwing tool according to any one of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that The tooth holder (6) of the supporting toothing (7) extends into the axial cavity (34) of the drive section (1) in a rotationally fixed manner, wherein the radially protruding restraining element (32) of the tooth holder (6) meshes with the radial groove (33) of the drive section (1).

10. The screwing tool according to any one of claims 3 to 9, characterized in that The toothing (7) is an internal toothing, which is formed by the circumferential wall of the pot-shaped recess of the tooth seat (6), the bottom (9) of the internal toothing abuts against the end face (31) of the bearing section (10), and the spring element (13) ensures that it does not fall out of the bearing recess (14), and the bearing projection (18) ensures that it does not fall out of the pivot bearing (17).

11. A backstop for transmitting a rotational motion from a driving section (1) to a driven section (2), wherein: At least one locking body (11) is acted upon by a spring element so as to mesh with the toothing (7), wherein the spring element (13) is a torsion spring.

12. The backstop according to claim 11, characterized in that: The locking body (11) is designed as a pawl rotatable about an axis, and the torsion spring (13) is arranged on the axis.

13. The backstop according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that: The locking body (11, 11') has a roller-shaped supporting projection (18), and the locking body is supported between two supporting elements (10, 10'), wherein the outer cover surface of the roller-shaped supporting projection (18) is pivoted by a pivot bearing (17) over an angle of more than 180 degrees but less than 360 degrees, and the pivot bearing supports the supporting body (10, 10') rotatably around an axis, wherein two bases of the pivot bearing (17) pointing away from each other are configured with openings (43), the supporting projection (18) extending between the two bases, and the two ends (40) of the spring element (13) are respectively inserted into these openings in a rotationally fixed manner, wherein an intermediate area (41) arranged between the two ends (40) of the spring element (13) is connected to the spring element (13) in a rotationally fixed manner, so that the locking section (19) of the locking body (11, 11') acts in the toothed section (7).

14. The backstop according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that: The end face of the bearing projection (18) has a recess (45), through which a section of the spring element (13) extending between an end (40) and a center region (41) extends.

15. The backstop according to any one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that The torsion spring (13) is a flat, straight steel body which has a non-circular cross section at least in the region of its two ends (40) and in its middle region (41), or the torsion spring (13) is designed as a flat steel strip.

16. A screwing tool having a handle (1) and a replaceable blade body (5) arranged in the handle (1), the blade body having a working profile (54) extending from the handle (1), characterized in that: A backstop arranged in the handle (1) is provided according to one of claims 11 to 15, wherein the support body (10, 10') has a polygonal insertion opening through which a section of the blade (5) extends.

17. The screwing tool according to claim 16, characterized in that: The blade body (5) is formed with a steel core (46) which is formed as a working profile (54) and has a surrounding jacket (47, 48) made of insulating plastic.

18. A screw-operated or idle-running locking member, characterized in that: Having one or more of the features of the preceding claims.

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