Access and security control of radiation shielded zones

Abstract

The invention relates to radiation shielding. In order to provide access to a radiation-shielding zone without interfering with the imaging process, while still ensuring sufficiently good radiation security, an access restriction arrangement for providing access to a radiation-shielding zone is proposed. The access restriction arrangement includes a plurality of radiation shielding devices defining an access to the radiation shielding area. The plurality of radiation shielding devices are configured and arranged such that a person and / or object can enter the radiation shielding zone during imaging while passage of radiation is substantially blocked by at least one of the plurality of radiation shielding devices such that radiation is reduced to an acceptable level.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to radiation shielding and in particular to an access restriction arrangement and an access control system for providing controlled access to a radiation shielded area. Background Art

[0002] Often, access to the diagnostic and / or treatment rooms is not possible during imaging. For example, a standard magnetic resonance (MR) imaging session is usually conducted under the full control of experienced staff, such as positioning the patient in the MR patient stand, applying the radio frequency (RF) coil, selecting, adjusting and running a specific scan set, performing some immediate image quality control, archiving the images, and clearing the patient from the MR suite. Because MR sessions are typically relatively long, this represents a large cost factor in radiology. During an MRI scan, access to the MR scanner is not possible due to RF receiver interference and interference of MR uncontrolled EMC emitters with hospital equipment. Summary of the invention

[0003] It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide access to a radiation shielded area without interfering with the imaging process while still ensuring radiation safety.

[0004] The objects of the invention are solved by the subject matter of the independent claims. Further embodiments and advantages of the invention are incorporated in the dependent claims. Furthermore, it should be noted that all embodiments of the invention regarding the method can be carried out in the order of the steps described, which, however, is not necessarily the only and necessary order of the steps of the method presented herein. The method disclosed herein can be performed in another order of the disclosed steps without departing from the corresponding method embodiment, unless explicitly mentioned to the contrary below.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present invention, an access restriction arrangement for providing access to a radiation shielded area is provided. The radiation shielded area includes one or more of the following: (i) a scanner area, at which a medical imaging device is positioned, (ii) a tracer administration area, and (iii) a contrast agent administration area. The access restriction arrangement includes a plurality of radiation shielding devices, which define an entrance to the radiation shielded area. The plurality of radiation shielding devices are configured and arranged to enable a person and / or an object to access the radiation shielded area during imaging, while the passage of radiation is substantially blocked by at least one of the plurality of radiation shielding devices, so that no radiation or only limited radiation below a threshold level can enter or leave the radiation shielded area.

[0006] The inventors of the present invention have found that a disadvantage in the actual practice of imaging rooms (e.g. diagnostic, therapeutic or interventional imaging rooms) is that there are limited options for entering or leaving the room without interfering with the imaging process while still ensuring sufficiently good radiation safety. The inventors of the present invention have also found that controlled access to Magnetic Resonance Positron Emission Tomography (MR-PET) and Computed Tomography Positron Emission Tomography (CT-PET) may be required during tracer patient preparation.

[0007] To this end, an access restriction arrangement is proposed for providing access to a radiation shielded area. In some examples, the proposed access restriction arrangement can allow controlled and secure access to diagnostic systems that utilize active radiation for imaging and treatment. Examples of diagnostic systems may include, but are not limited to, X-ray, computed tomography (CT), MRI, hyperthermia, linear accelerators (LINAC), MR-PET, and CT-PET. In some examples, the scanner area where the diagnostic system is located may be part of a large hospital or medical center, located within other departments of the facility. Figure 1 An example of a scanner zone is shown in FIG. In some examples, the diagnostic system may be a portable system, such as a portable X-ray imaging system, which may be used to provide mobile imaging services directly to, for example, a home or a nursing home. In this case, the scanner zone is, for example, part of a nursing home, and the access restriction arrangement may provide a mobile radiation shielding solution. For example, the access restriction arrangement may be transported and used in a nursing home to provide radiation shielding. Examples of mobile radiation shielding solutions are explained in detail below, particularly with reference to Figures 3 to 5 Example shown.

[0008] In some examples, the proposed access restriction arrangement may allow controlled and secure access during CT / MR-PET tracer administration or MRI contrast agent administration to optimize workflow. This will be explained in detail below, especially for Figures 3 to 5 The example shown in .

[0009] Additionally, access restriction arrangements for interventional (e.g., MRI, X-ray, etc.) suites can also allow staff to enter and exit during services without disrupting image quality or stopping clinical interventional workflow and providing safety for patients and staff. It will be appreciated that in addition to radiation shielding, utility services such as airflow, temperature, sterilization, etc. can also be provided while still allowing "doorless" access. This will be explained in detail below, particularly for Figures 3 to 5 The example shown in .

[0010] The access restriction arrangement comprises a plurality of radiation shielding devices defining an entrance to a radiation shielded area. The plurality of radiation shielding devices are configured and arranged to enable a person and / or an object to access the radiation shielded area during imaging, while passage of radiation generated by the medical imaging device is substantially blocked by at least one of the plurality of radiation shielding devices, such that no radiation or only limited radiation below a threshold level can enter or leave the radiation shielded area.

[0011] It is important to note that "substantially blocking the passage of radiation" can refer to mitigating or eliminating the effects of both direct radiation and indirect radiation. For example, indirect radiation may include scattered radiation with multiple reflections. Radiation should be reduced to an acceptable defined level, e.g., according to local regulations. Threshold levels may be defined according to radiation protection rules, which must be met to obtain legal approval for the shielding concept. For example, threshold levels may be defined with reference to the official radiation protection rules of each country and the radiation levels necessary to operate an imaging system at a defined image quality level (e.g., for shielding of an MRI room).

[0012] Depending on the imaging modality, the radiation may include one or more of X-ray radiation, gamma radiation, radio frequency (RF) radiation, and acoustic radiation. Therefore, radiation shielding equipment may contain different materials, depending on the imaging modality. The type and amount of shielding material that attenuates radiation depends on the energy of the radiation, the composition of the material, and the density of the material. For example, to mitigate or eliminate the effects of gamma radiation, lead, copper, stainless steel, and other high-Z materials can be used as shielding materials for radiation shielding equipment. For example, to prevent radio frequency (RF) noise from entering an MRI scanner and distorting the image, copper, steel, aluminum, and other RF shielding materials can be used as radiation shielding equipment.

[0013] In some examples, the plurality of radiation shielding devices include at least two radiation shielding doors, which are arranged to open and close the entrance to the radiation shielding area. The at least two radiation shielding doors are configured to open and close sequentially so that the passage of radiation generated by the medical imaging device is substantially blocked by at least one radiation shielding door. The at least two radiation shielding doors may include any type of door through which a person and / or object may pass. Examples of radiation shielding doors may include (but are not limited to) door entrances with shutters, sliding doors, revolving doors, and swinging doors. Each radiation shielding door can be locked with a respective electronic locking mechanism. The controller can release the electronic locking mechanism, thereby allowing a person or door operating system to open one or more radiation shielding doors. The controller can detect the locking state of the radiation shielding door to ensure that at least one radiation shielding door is in a locked state to provide radiation shielding. This will be explained in detail below, particularly with respect to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The example shown in .

[0014] In some examples, the plurality of radiation shielding devices include two radiation shielding walls that define a path to the radiation shielding area, thereby providing a "straight-through" or "doorless" entrance. The path may be a curved path such that the passage of radiation generated by the medical imaging device is substantially blocked by at least one of the two radiation shielding walls. Alternatively or additionally, one or more radiation shielding curtain-like structures are provided and arranged along the path. The radiation shielding wall may provide a mobile radiation shielding solution. For example, the radiation shielding wall may be transported and used in a nursing home to provide radiation shielding. This will be explained in detail below, particularly with respect to Figures 3 to 5 The example shown in .

[0015] The choice of radiation shielding doors and radiation shielding walls described herein may depend on the imaging modality and corresponding regulations. For example, in CT, there is usually an interlock switch on the door that stops the X-ray if the door is open. Multiple radiation shielding devices may include at least a radiation shielding door, allowing more comfortable access to the room, for example, without having to open the door and interrupt the process, but still ensuring radiation protection from the outside. In a pure diagnostic room, a "pass-through" option using the above-mentioned radiation shielding walls (such as in DXR) may be attractive and still meet radiation shielding requirements. The "walk-through" option is also applicable to CT / MR-PET tracer management areas. In some embodiments, the radiation shielding equipment described herein can be arranged to provide three-dimensional radiation shielding. Therefore, if it is required according to local regulations and shielding requirements, the radiation shielding equipment can include floors and ceilings as part of the system. For example, instead of or in addition to using such as Figures 3 to 5 In addition to the horizontal curved structure shown, it is also possible to provide access using up and down stairs. The stairs thus also provide a blocking mass for the radiation shield. In this way, no direct radiation can pass out of the room, and radiation that reaches outside the "wall area" must undergo "multiple scattering events", which will already minimize the dose.

[0016] With the access restriction arrangement described herein, people and / or objects can enter the imaging room even if the system is actively radiating, because the radiation is substantially blocked by the access restriction arrangement, so that no radiation or only a limited amount of radiation will be transmitted out of the imaging room. For example, in MRI, the access restriction arrangement can be used to reduce electromagnetic radiation and image quality degradation due to electronic environmental noise. For example, with the access restriction arrangement described herein, an interventional suite using MRI or X-ray needs to allow staff free access without being restricted during imaging. In addition, the access restriction arrangement described herein can allow the next patient to enter the MR room even if the MR session has not yet ended or has not completely ended, thereby improving workflow and patient throughput. The access restriction arrangement can also allow controlled access to CT / MR-PET during tracer patient preparation and administration.

[0017] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of radiation shielding devices include at least two radiation shielding doors for opening and closing the entrance to the radiation shielding area. The at least two radiation shielding doors are configured to be opened and closed sequentially, so that the passage of radiation generated by the medical imaging device is substantially blocked by at least one radiation shielding door, so that no or only limited radiation below a threshold level can enter or leave the radiation shielding area.

[0018] Additionally, the at least two radiation shielding doors may be configured to open and close sequentially during active imaging. For example, if an imaging or inference procedure is about to begin, the at least two radiation shielding doors may be configured to open and close sequentially.

[0019] The at least two radiation shielding doors may include any type of door through which people and objects can pass.

[0020] In some examples, the radiation shielding door may include one or more planar doors that open and close via hinges on the top, bottom, or sides and are operated manually or automatically.

[0021] In some examples, the radiation shielding door may include one or more planner doors that slide upward, downward, or sideways and are operated manually or automatically.

[0022] In some examples, the radiation shielding door may include one or more manually or automatically operated folding doors or rolling doors.

[0023] In some examples, the radiation shielding door may include one or more revolving doors or turnstiles that partially or fully occupy the opening and are operated manually or automatically.

[0024] In some examples, radiation shielding doors may be combined with any combination of the above doors.

[0025] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of radiation shielding devices include two radiation shielding walls, and a path to the radiation shielding area is defined between the two radiation shielding walls.

[0026] According to one embodiment of the invention, the path is a curved path so that the passage of radiation is substantially blocked by at least one of the two radiation shielding walls, so that no radiation or only limited radiation below a threshold level can enter or leave the radiation shielding area.

[0027] For example, the path may have a specific geometry such that radiation is substantially blocked, so that no (or only limited multi-scattered) radiation leaves the room, but a continuous path allows people and / or objects to enter or leave the radiation shielded area. This will be explained in detail below, especially with respect to Figure 3 The example shown in .

[0028] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the curved path includes a zigzag path and / or a wavy path.

[0029] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the two radiation shielding walls are foldable. In a folded state, the curved path is formed by one or more folded parts.

[0030] The foldable geometry may be mechanically connected to an actuator to allow supported movement and translation of the shielding structure.

[0031] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the number of folded sections depends on the intensity of the radiation and / or the required shielding requirements.

[0032] The number of folds may also depend on the amount of radiation reduction required. For example, if the radiation is required to be reduced to a lower level, the tortuous path may have more folds.

[0033] For example, more folds could allow for higher radiation intensities. In an imaging chamber, more elements would reduce radiation dose levels.

[0034] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of radiation shielding devices comprises one or more radiation shielding curtain-like structures arranged along the path.

[0035] The one or more radiation shielding curtain structures are flexible portions that allow access through the curtain structure.If the element is shorter, these radiation shielding curtain structures may be configured as fixed blocking portions.

[0036] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the radiation includes one or more of the following:

[0037] X-ray radiation;

[0038] Gamma ray radiation;

[0039] Radio frequency radiation; and

[0040] Acoustic radiation.

[0041] According to a second aspect of the present invention, an access control system for providing access to a radiation shielded area is provided. The radiation shielded area includes one or more of the following: (i) a scanner area, at which a medical imaging device is positioned, (ii) a tracer administration area, and (iii) a contrast agent administration area. The access control system includes a controller and an access restriction arrangement according to the first aspect and any related examples. The access restriction arrangement includes a plurality of radiation shielding devices. The controller is configured to control the access restriction arrangement, which is configured and arranged so that people and / or objects are allowed to access the radiation shielded area, while the passage of radiation is substantially blocked by at least one of the plurality of radiation shielding devices, so that no radiation or only limited radiation below a threshold level can enter or leave the radiation shielded area.

[0042] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the access control system further comprises a sensor arrangement, the sensor arrangement comprising one or more sensors for monitoring events and / or conditions in the radiation shielded area. The controller is configured to apply one or more access rules to the monitored events and / or conditions to determine whether the radiation shielded area is ready for entry by a person and / or an object.

[0043] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the monitored events and / or conditions include one or more of the following:

[0044] The intensity of the radiation;

[0045] The frequency band of radiation;

[0046] Access rights for people and / or objects;

[0047] Scan status;

[0048] states of the plurality of radiation shielding devices; and

[0049] The patient's state of readiness.

[0050] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the access control system further comprises at least one indicator. The at least one indicator is configured to indicate a status of preparation of the radiation shielded area for entry of persons and / or objects.

[0051] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the object comprises an autonomous patient transporter. The controller is configured to generate a signal triggering the autonomous patient transporter to transport the patient to the radiation shielded area.

[0052] It should be understood that all combinations of the above concepts and the additional concepts discussed in more detail below (assuming that these concepts are not mutually inconsistent) are intended to be part of the inventive subject matter disclosed herein. In particular, all combinations of the subject matter of the claims are intended to be part of the inventive subject matter disclosed herein.

[0053] These and other aspects of the invention will be apparent from and elucidated with reference to the embodiment(s) described hereinafter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] In the drawings, like reference numerals generally refer to the same parts throughout the different views. Also, the drawings are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon illustrating the principles of the invention.

[0055] Figure 1 An exemplary access restriction arrangement in the form of a radiation shielding door for providing access to a radiation shielded area is illustrated.

[0056] Figure 2 An exemplary workflow for controlling a door operating system to access a self-propelled patient couch during imaging is illustrated.

[0057] Figure 3 An example of an access restriction arrangement in the form of a radiation shielding wall for providing access to a radiation shielded area is illustrated.

[0058] Figure 4 Another example of an access restriction arrangement in the form of a radiation shielding wall for providing access to a radiation shielded area is illustrated.

[0059] Figure 5 A further example of an access restriction arrangement in the form of a radiation shielding wall for providing access to a radiation shielded area is illustrated.

[0060] Figure 6 An example of an access restriction arrangement in the form of a radiation shielding wall for providing access to a tracer / contrast agent administration area is illustrated.

[0061] Figure 7 Diagram showing the scheduling of a traditional MR room (A) and the intelligent control workflow concept (B).

[0062] Figure 8 An example of an access control system for multiple imaging modalities is shown.

[0063] Fig. 9 An example of a series of different imaging scans and treatment procedures is illustrated. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] Figure 1An example of an access restriction arrangement 10 for providing access to a radiation shielded area 100 is illustrated. In this example, the radiation shielded area 100 is an MR room, where an MRI scanner 20 is located. A patient table (e.g., table 1 or table 2) can be docked to the MRI scanner 20. The MRI scanner 20 is controlled by an MR console 30. The MR console 30 can be located in a control room (not shown), which is a room adjacent to the MR room 100 with direct visibility to the patient in order to remotely control the equipment and review and report on the procedural images.

[0065] Access to the MRI room 100 is through two independent entrances 12a, 12b. Each entrance may include a controlled doorway (not shown) with an electronic locking mechanism. When access is authorized, the electronic locking mechanism can be released, allowing personnel or door operating systems (e.g., actuators of radiation shielding doors) to open the radiation shielding doors 10a, 10b.

[0066] Although the radiation shielding doors 10a, 10b of the illustrated examples are revolving doors, it is understood that the radiation shielding door may include any suitable type of radiation shielding door. In some examples, the radiation shielding door may include one or more planar doors that are opened and closed by hinges at the top, bottom, or side and are operated manually or automatically. In some examples, the radiation shielding door may include one or more planner doors that slide upward, downward, or sideways and are operated manually or automatically. In some examples, the radiation shielding door may include one or more folding doors or rolling shutter doors that are operated manually or automatically. In some examples, the radiation shielding door may include one or more revolving doors or turnstiles that partially or completely occupy the opening and are operated manually or automatically. In some examples, the radiation shielding door may include a door entrance with shutters that can be operated manually or automatically.

[0067] In order to allow personnel (e.g., patients, medical practitioners, personnel accompanying patients, and other visitors) and / or objects (e.g., medical equipment) to enter the MR room 100 without interfering with the imaging process (e.g., the interlocking of the door would stop the process), while still ensuring sufficiently good radiation safety, the two radiation shielding doors 10a, 10b are configured to be opened and closed sequentially, so that the passage of radiation generated by the MRI scanner 20 is substantially blocked by at least one radiation shielding door, so that no radiation or only limited radiation below a threshold level can enter or leave the radiation shielding area. The threshold level can be defined according to radiation protection rules, which must be met to obtain legal approval of the shielding concept. For example, the threshold level can be defined with reference to the official radiation protection rules of each country and the radiation level required to operate the imaging system at a defined image quality level. In some examples, at least two radiation shielding doors 10a, 10b can be configured to be opened and closed sequentially during active imaging. In some examples, if an imaging or reasoning process is about to start, at least two radiation shielding doors can be configured to be opened and closed sequentially. In other words, during active imaging and if an imaging or reasoning process is about to begin, the two radiation shielding doors 10a, 10b cannot be opened at the same time. For example, in response to detecting that the radiation shielding door 10a is closed, the electronic locking mechanism of the radiation shielding door 10b can be released, which allows a person or a door operating system to open the radiation shielding door 10b. Similarly, in response to detecting that the radiation shielding door 10b is closed, the electronic locking mechanism of the radiation shielding door 10a can be released, which allows a person or a door operating system to open the radiation shielding door 10a. In this way, people and / or objects can enter or leave the MR room 100 during imaging, while the passage of RF and acoustic radiation generated by the MR scanner 20 is substantially blocked by at least one of the two radiation shielding doors 10a, 10b, so that the radiation is reduced to an acceptable level. The open or closed state of the two radiation shielding doors 10a, 10b can be detected by two door state sensors 14a, 14b, respectively. And this information can be used by the imaging system, for example, for image processing, so that the state is considered when different effects occur.

[0068] The MR room 100 may be monitored by a video camera 16 a, which may be placed above the MR room 100 or at any convenient location that provides a clear view of the MR room 100, and in particular, provides a clear view of people and objects in the MR room 100. The video camera position of the video camera 16 a may be adjusted manually or by a motor drive that is controlled locally or remotely. Another video camera (e.g., Figure 1The video cameras 16a, 16b are shown to provide a clear view of the entrance. The video cameras 16a, 16b can be analog or digital. The video cameras 16a, 16b can be 3D video cameras. For example, the 3D camera can be a depth camera that generates a two-dimensional image showing the distance from a specific point to various points in the scene. In another example, the 3D camera is a stereo camera with two or more lenses, with a separate image sensor or film frame for each lens, which enables the camera to simulate human binocular vision and thus capture a three-dimensional image. Although Figure 1 Only a limited number of video cameras may be shown, but it is understood that in a given implementation, a greater number of video cameras, such as two, three, four, or more video cameras, may be employed to better view the MR room 100 and entrances 12a, 12b.

[0069] The door state sensors 14a, 14b, the video cameras 16a, 16b and the MR console 30 are communicatively connected to the controller 30. The communication may be wired or wireless. The controller 40 may include various physical and / or logical components for transmitting and manipulating information, which may be implemented as hardware components (e.g., computing devices, processors, logic devices), executable computer program instructions (e.g., firmware, software) executed by various hardware components, or any combination thereof, as required by a given set of design parameters or performance constraints. In some implementations, the controller 40 may be embodied as or in a device or apparatus, such as a server, workstation, or mobile device. The controller 40 may include one or more microprocessors or computer processors that run appropriate software. The software may have been downloaded and / or stored in a corresponding memory, such as a volatile memory such as RAM or a non-volatile memory such as flash memory. The software may include instructions for configuring one or more processors to perform the functions described herein. It should be noted that the controller 40 can be implemented with or without a processor, and can also be implemented as a combination of dedicated hardware for performing some functions and a processor (e.g., one or more programmed microprocessors and associated circuits) for performing other functions. For example, the functional units of the controller 40 can be implemented in a device or apparatus in the form of a programmable logic device (e.g., as a field programmable gate array (FPGA)). In general, each functional unit of the apparatus can be implemented in the form of a circuit.

[0070] During the operation of the scan, the controller 40 can receive data obtained from the door state sensors 14a, 14b, the video camera 16, and the MR console 30 to monitor events and / or conditions in the radiation shielded area. For example, the controller 40 can determine the spectrum and intensity of the RF radiation based on the scan protocol and the scan status obtained from the MRI scanner 20. The controller 40 can determine the door status of the radiation shielding doors 10a, 10b based on the data obtained from the door state sensors 14a, 14b. The video camera 16 can be used to detect the position of people and / or objects in the MR room 100.

[0071] The controller 40 may be configured to apply one or more access rules to the monitored events and / or conditions to determine whether the radiation shielded area is ready for entry by a person and / or object. Figure 1 In the example of the MRI room shown, the controller 40 can determine the access rights based on the intensity spectrum and intensity of the RF radiation generated by the MRI scanner 20 and the access rights of personnel and / or objects. For example, the radiation intensity can be measured by one or more sensors, which can be located between two radiation shielding doors 10a, 10b, inside the MR room 100, and outside the MR room. For example, people can be divided into different user groups, such as trained, untrained, visitors, unknown, and corresponding access rights can be determined based on the user group. Classification can be achieved by a machine learning algorithm and can be implemented on a trained neural network. For example, objects can be classified as MR safe, MR conditional, MR unsafe, and unknown. For example, an object identified as a ventilator can be classified as MR unsafe. According to site policy, unknown can be defined as a subclass or a separate class of MR unsafe.

[0072] For example, during the operation scan, there may be a clinical need for staff to enter the MRI room. For example, during MRI imaging of sedated patients (such as children), it may be necessary to provide access to anesthesiologists during the scan. For example, staff may be required to control and monitor patients during long MRI scans. In this example, the video camera 16b can collect images of people approaching the entrance 12a and transmit the collected images to the controller 40. The controller 40 may include an identification unit 41, which is configured to use, for example, facial recognition, pedestrian recognition, skin recognition, clothing recognition, etc. to identify the imaged person. Identification may include comparison with the characteristics of the person stored in the database. The identified personnel can be classified according to local MRI safety guidelines. For example, personnel identified by the identification unit and matched with the identity in the data storage are assigned to the class of trained personnel, which can be further classified as personnel authorized to enter the MR radiation shielding area but cannot enter the MR environment, and personnel authorized to enter the MR environment freely. Users identified by the identification unit and not matched with the identity can be classified as unknown, visitors, or untrained users by the classification unit 42, and corresponding access rules are defined for the class. The authorization unit 43 determines the access rights to the MR room 100 based on each classified object and person and the intensity of the RF radiation. When the staff is authorized to enter the MR room during imaging, the staff may be warned to use ear protection and pay attention to RF sensitive equipment, such as at the entrance 12a. For example, the sound indicator can provide verbal feedback, such as a verbal statement or instruction. For example, three short-duration alarm sounds may sound before the verbal statement "The equipment is running, please wear ear protection. People with pacemakers are not allowed to enter" is issued. The door control unit 44 controls the two radiation shielding doors 10a, 10b. As described above, the door control unit 44 configures the two radiation shielding doors 10a, 10b to open and close sequentially, so that the passage of radiation generated by the MRI scanner 20 is substantially blocked by at least one of the radiation shielding doors 10a, 10b. For example, when the staff is authorized to enter the MRI room 100 during imaging, the door control unit 44 first detects whether the radiation shielding door 10b is closed through the door state sensor 14b. If the radiation shielding door 10b is open, the door control unit 44 can control the door operating system (e.g., the door actuator) to close the radiation shielding door 10b. In response to detecting that the radiation shielding door 10b is closed, the door control unit 44 releases the electronic locking mechanism of the radiation shielding door 10a, which allows the staff or the door operating system to open the radiation shielding door 10a. When the staff approaches the entrance 12b, the radiation shielding door 10a can be closed by the staff or the door operating system. In response to the door state sensor 14a detecting that the radiation shielding door 10a is closed, the door control unit 44 then releases the electronic locking mechanism of the radiation shielding door 10b, which allows the staff or the door operating system to open the radiation shielding door 10b.In this manner, personnel are able to enter the MR room 100 during imaging while the passage of RF and acoustic radiation is substantially blocked by at least one of the two radiation shielding doors 10a, 10b.

[0073] For another example, during imaging, someone (e.g., a staff member, a relative accompanying the patient) may need to leave the MR room without stopping the scan. In this example, the video camera 16a can monitor the position of the person in the MR room 100 and transmit the information to the controller 40. If it is determined that the person is approaching the entrance 12b, the door control unit 44 can detect whether the radiation shielding door 10a is closed via the door state sensor 14a. If the radiation shielding door 10a is open, the door control unit 44 can control the door operating system (e.g., the door actuator) to close the radiation shielding door 10a. In response to detecting that the radiation shielding door 10a is closed, the door control unit releases the electronic locking mechanism of the radiation shielding door 10b, thereby allowing the person or the door operating system to open the radiation shielding door 10b. When the person enters the entrance 12b, the radiation shielding door 10b can be closed by the person or the door operating system. In response to detecting that the radiation shielding door 10b is closed by the door state sensor 14b, the door control unit 44 can release the electronic locking mechanism of the radiation shielding door 10a, thereby allowing the person or the door operating system to open the radiation shielding door 10a. In this manner, personnel are able to exit the MR room 100 during imaging while the passage of RF and acoustic radiation is substantially blocked by at least one of the two radiation shielding doors 10a, 10b.

[0074] In another example, during imaging, the subject may be required to enter the scanning room. For example, some patient beds may have integrated sensors and transmitters so that RF gates and channels can be automatically enforced, which may facilitate autonomous imaging. Figure 1 As shown in , the second patient can be transferred to the MR room 100 using the automatic driving bed (also referred to as table 2). The automatic driving bed can enter the MR room after normal registration.

[0075] Figure 2An exemplary workflow for controlling a door operating system, for example, an actuator of a radiation shielding door, which is used for access of an autonomous bed during imaging, is illustrated. In step 102, an autonomous bed, i.e., table 1, is docked to an MRI scanner, which is scanning a first patient on table 1. The controller 40 may obtain information about the MR scan status from the MR console. If the MR scan status indicates that the next patient can enter the MR room, the bed control unit 45 of the controller 40 may generate a signal to trigger the autonomous bed, i.e., table 2, to transfer the second patient to the entrance 12a. The identification unit 41 may receive an image of an object approaching the entrance 12a acquired by the video camera 16b, and identify the object using object recognition methods including but not limited to shape recognition, texture recognition, edge detection, label recognition, etc. The classification unit 42 of the controller 40 may classify the object as MR safe, MR unsafe, and unknown. If the autonomous bed, i.e., table 2, arrives at the entrance 12a and is classified as MR safe, the authorization unit 43 authorizes the autonomous bed, i.e., table 2, to enter the MR room.

[0076] In step 104, the door control unit 44 receives data from the door state sensor 14b and determines whether the radiation shielding door 10b is closed. If the radiation shielding door 10b is open, the door control unit 44 can operate the door operating system (e.g., the door actuator) to close the radiation shielding door 10b in step 106.

[0077] In step 108, in response to detecting that the radiation shielding door 10b is in a closed state, the door control unit 44 can release the electronic locking mechanism of the radiation shielding door 10a, thereby allowing the door operating system to open the radiation shielding door 10a. The automatic driving bed, i.e., the table 2, can transfer the next patient to the entrance area between the two radiation shielding doors 10a, 10b.

[0078] In step 110, the door control unit 44 receives data from the door state sensor 14a and determines whether the radiation shielding door 10a is closed. If the radiation shielding door 10a is open, the door control unit 45 can operate the door operating system (e.g., the door actuator) to close the radiation shielding door 10a in step 112.

[0079] In step 114, in response to detecting that the radiation shielding door 10a is in a closed state, the door control unit 44 may release the electronic locking mechanism of the radiation shielding door 10b, thereby allowing the door operating system to open the radiation shielding door 10b. And the automatic driving bed may transfer the next patient to the MR room 100. Since the first patient on the table 1 has not been allowed to leave, in step 116, the automatic driving bed may stop at the position shown in FIG. Figure 1 The waiting area shown in .

[0080] Once the first patient on table 1 is cleared to leave in step 118, the second patient on table 2 is docked directly to the MRI scanner 20 in step 120 to begin scanning in step 122. The first patient may be transferred back to the patient preparation area while the second patient is being scanned. In this example, the patient table (e.g., Figure 1 The shown table 1 and table 2) can be docked on both sides to provide faster access speed. Both sides of the magnet can be equipped with docking and control monitoring equipment.

[0081] Although multiple radiation shielding doors are described for MRI rooms, it will be understood that the radiation shielding doors may also be applicable to other medical radiation shielding rooms, such as radiology, diagnostic imaging, nuclear medicine, catheterization labs, ORs, and special procedure rooms. Depending on the imaging modality, multiple radiation shielding doors may be configured to block or inhibit one or more of the following radiations: X-rays, gamma radiation, and radio frequency radiation.

[0082] Figure 3 Illustrated is an example of an access restriction arrangement 10 for providing access to a radiation shielded area 100. The radiation shielded area 100 of the illustrated example is an X-ray scanning area in which an X-ray imaging device (not shown) is located.

[0083] The access restriction arrangement 10 of the illustrated example comprises two radiation shielding walls 10a, 10b, between which a path 22 (indicated by an arrow) leading to the X-ray scanning area 100 is defined, thereby providing a "straight-through" or "doorless" entrance. The path 22 may be a curved path, so that the radiation generated by the X-ray device is substantially blocked by at least one of the two radiation shielding walls 10a, 10b. For example, a special path like a light trap may be arranged so that people and / or objects can enter or leave the X-ray scanning area 100 without a door. The path 22 may have a certain geometry, so that X-ray scattering is substantially blocked, so that no (or only limited multi-scattering) radiation will leave the room, but the continuous path 22 allows people and / or objects to enter or leave the X-ray scanning area 100. In other words, no direct radiation will leave the room, and the radiation that reaches the outside of the "wall area" must undergo "multiple scattering events", which will already minimize the dose. For example, the path 22 may have a zigzag or wavy shape.

[0084] In some examples, the radiation shielding walls 10a, 10b may be foldable in length so that the geometric configuration can be changed. Figure 3In the folded state, the curved path is formed by one or more folded parts. The geometry can be adapted to the X-ray intensity. The number of folded parts depends on the radiation intensity generated by the medical imaging device and / or the required shielding requirements. More folded parts allow for higher radiation intensity.

[0085] In some examples, the foldable structure may be combined with a door, such as a sliding door or a revolving door. The foldable geometry may be mechanically connected to an actuator to allow supported movement and translation of the shielding structure.

[0086] In some examples (not shown), the radiation shielding wall can be configured to provide access using upper and lower stairs, rather than using a curved structure in a horizontal manner. The stairs thus also provide blocking qualities for the radiation shielding.

[0087] Figure 4 Illustrated is another example of an access restriction arrangement 10 for providing access to a radiation shielded area 100. The radiation shielded area 100 of the illustrated example is an X-ray scanning area, in which an X-ray imaging device (not shown) is located.

[0088] The access restriction arrangement 10 of the illustrated example also includes two radiation shielding walls 10a, 10b defining a path 22 (indicated by arrows) leading to the X-ray scanning area 100 therebetween. Figure 3 Unlike the example shown, the path 22 is a straight path with additional flexible sections 24 along the path 22. Each flexible section 24 is a radiation shielding element. These flexible sections 24 can be curtain-like structures, such as lead curtains, which allow people and / or objects to enter or leave the X-ray scanning area while blocking the passage of X-ray radiation. For example, a geometric configuration with a "shielded flexible wall" may be close to the side wall to allow a patient (e.g. also with a wheelchair) to enter the diagnostic room.

[0089] Figure 5 Another example of an access restriction arrangement 10 for providing access to a radiation shielding area 100 is illustrated. The radiation shielding area 100 of the illustrated example is an X-ray scanning area, in which an X-ray imaging device (not shown) is positioned. The access restriction arrangement 10 of the illustrated example also includes two radiation shielding walls 10a, 10b, which define a path to the X-ray scanning area 100.

[0090] In this example, the left side portion of the radiation shielding wall 10a, 10b is configured to be foldable in length so that the geometric configuration can be changed. Figure 5The right side portions of the radiation shielding walls 10a, 10b define a straight path along which there are additional flexible portions 24. These flexible portions 24 may be curtain-like structures that allow people and / or objects to enter or leave the X-ray scanning area, but block the passage of X-ray radiation.

[0091] although Figures 3 to 5 The radiation shielding wall shown is discussed with respect to an X-ray scanning area, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that the radiation shielding wall may also be applicable to other diagnostic, therapeutic or interventional imaging suites.

[0092] Figures 3 to 5 The radiation shielding wall shown can be transportable and used as a mobile radiation shielding solution. In environments where there is no fixed shielding infrastructure, a mobile setup of this shielding may be helpful. For example, when X-ray imaging reaches patients (e.g., a nursing home), the radiation shielding wall can be transported and used in the nursing home to provide radiation shielding. In some examples, Figures 3 to 5 The radiation shielding wall shown may be used to define other types of radiation shielding areas that do not contain medical imaging equipment. Figure 6 As shown in , radiation shielding walls can be used to define a tracer administration area and a patient waiting area 100. In the tracer administration area, the fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) tracer is injected into a vein or through an intravenous (IV) line to distribute the tracer in the human body. In the patient waiting area, after the tracer is administered, the patient will wait until the tracer reaches the body part of interest for the PET CT or PET MR scan, which usually takes 30 to 90 minutes based on the patient's physiological condition. During the patient waiting time, nurses / technicians must go in and out of the waiting area to monitor the patient. Special wall shielding will facilitate the movement of hospital nurses and technicians, and it also eliminates the claustrophobic environment of the patient (being locked in a lead-walled room).

[0093] although Figures 1 to 5 The exemplary radiation shielding apparatus shown in is described as providing two-dimensional radiation shielding, but it should be understood that in some embodiments, the radiation shielding apparatus as described herein can be arranged to provide three-dimensional radiation shielding. Therefore, if it is required according to local regulations and shielding requirements, the radiation shielding apparatus can include a floor and a ceiling as part of the system.

[0094] With the access restriction arrangement described above, workflow can be improved if the next patient is ready in the patient preparation room. Figure 7 Diagram showing the scheduling of a traditional MR room (A) and the intelligent control workflow concept (B).

[0095] In conventional scanners, patients are transferred to the scanner in a serial manner (A). This is because, although the next patient is ready in the patient preparation room, he is allowed to access the MR room only after the previous patient leaves. Therefore, there is a time interval between the previous patient and the next patient, which is the time for the door to open and close.

[0096] Using the access restriction arrangement described herein, a prepared patient may enter a diagnostic imaging suite (e.g., in a closed position) during a scan of a previous patient (B). Figure 2 In this way, considerable time savings and workflow reductions are achieved.

[0097] Figure 8 An example of an access control system 200 for multiple imaging modalities (e.g., X-ray, MRI, hyperthermia, LINAC, and CT / MR-PET) is shown. These different diagnostic modalities may be located in an imaging room or an interventional clinical environment. Each modality may be equipped with sensors and digitally connected to a controller. The discriminator level may depend on different parameters, such as allowed radiation dose, electromagnetic radiation intensity, distance, urgency, radiation protection of staff, real-time imaging during intervention, acoustic noise level of scanning, fluoroscopy, etc. For example, access to an X-ray room may be determined based on the radiation dose and access rights of the medical staff or patient.

[0098] Fig. 9 An example of a range of different imaging scans and treatment procedures is shown. Patient or staff access may be allowed during defined time intervals. For example, for an interventional suite, access is reduced or prohibited during defined critical time periods. If personnel leave the imaging suite, scanning will automatically resume. Additional information may be provided to the patient regarding how long to wait to enter the room.

[0099] All definitions, as defined and used herein, should be understood to control over dictionary definitions, definitions in documents incorporated by reference, and / or ordinary meanings of the defined terms.

[0100] As used herein in the specification and claims, the terms "a" and "an" should be understood to mean "at least one" unless expressly stated otherwise.

[0101] The phrase "and / or" as used in the specification and claims herein should be understood to mean "one or both" of the elements so combined, i.e., the elements are present in combination in some cases, and separately in other cases. Multiple elements listed with "and / or" should be interpreted in the same manner, i.e., "one or more" elements so connected. Optionally, other elements may be present in addition to the elements specifically identified by the "and / or" clause, whether related or unrelated to those elements specifically identified.

[0102] As used herein in the specification and claims, the phrase "at least one", in reference to a list of one or more elements, should be understood to mean at least one element selected from one or more of the elements in the listed elements, but not necessarily including at least one of each and every element specifically listed in the list of elements, and not excluding any combination of elements in the listed elements. This definition also allows for the optional presence of elements other than the elements specifically identified in the list of elements to which the phrase "at least one" refers, whether related or unrelated to the specifically identified elements.

[0103] In a further exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a computer program or a computer program element is provided, characterized in that it is adapted to perform the method steps of the method according to one of the preceding embodiments on a suitable system.

[0104] The computer program element can therefore be stored on a computing unit, which can also be part of an embodiment of the present invention. The computing unit can be suitable for executing the steps of the above method or causing the execution of the steps of the above method. In addition, it can be suitable for operating the components of the above device. The computing unit can be suitable for automatically operating and / or executing the user's command. The computer program can be loaded into the working memory of a data processor. The data processor can therefore be equipped to implement the method of the present invention.

[0105] This exemplary embodiment of the invention covers both a computer program that right from the beginning uses the invention and a computer program that by means of an update turns an existing program into a program that uses the invention.

[0106] Furthermore, the computer program element may be able to provide all necessary steps to implement the procedures of an exemplary embodiment of the method as described above.

[0107] According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a computer readable medium, such as a CD-ROM, is proposed, wherein the computer readable medium has a computer program element stored thereon, the computer program element being as described in the previous section.

[0108] The computer program can be stored and / or distributed on suitable media, such as optical storage media or solid-state media provided together with other hardware or as part of other hardware, but the computer program can also be distributed in other forms, such as via the Internet or other wired or wireless telecommunications systems.

[0109] However, the computer program may also be provided over a network like the World Wide Web and may be downloaded from such a network into a working memory of a data processor. According to a further exemplary embodiment of the invention, a medium for making a computer program element available for downloading is provided, the computer program element being arranged to perform one of the previously described embodiments of the invention.

[0110] Although several innovative embodiments have been described and illustrated herein, a person skilled in the art will readily envision a variety of other ways and / or structures for performing the functions and / or obtaining the results and / or one or more of the advantages described herein, and each of such variations and / or modifications is shown as being within the scope of the innovative embodiments described herein. More generally, a person skilled in the art will readily recognize that all parameters, dimensions, materials, and configurations described herein are intended to be exemplary, and that the actual parameters, dimensions, materials, and / or configurations will depend on the specific application or application to which the innovative teachings are used. A person skilled in the art will recognize or be able to determine many equivalents of the specific inventive embodiments described herein using no more than routine experimentation. Therefore, it should be understood that the foregoing embodiments are presented only by way of example, and within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents, the inventive embodiments may be practiced in a manner different from that specifically described and claimed. The innovative embodiments of the present disclosure relate to each individual feature, system, article, material, complete set of equipment, and / or method described herein. In addition, any combination of two or more such features, systems, articles, materials, kits and / or methods, if such features, systems, articles, materials, kits and / or methods are not mutually inconsistent, are included within the innovative scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. An access restriction arrangement (10) for providing access to a radiation shielded area (100), wherein: The radiation shielded area includes one or more of: (i) a scanner area where a medical imaging device is positioned, (ii) a tracer administration area, and (iii) a contrast agent administration area, the access restriction arrangement comprising: A plurality of radiation shielding devices (10a, 10b) defining an entrance to the radiation shielding area, wherein the plurality of radiation shielding devices are configured and arranged in such a manner that people and / or objects can access the radiation shielding area, while passage of radiation is substantially blocked by at least one of the plurality of radiation shielding devices, so that no radiation or only limited radiation below a threshold level can enter or leave the radiation shielding area.

2. The access restriction arrangement according to claim 1, in, The plurality of radiation shielding devices include at least two radiation shielding doors arranged to open and close the entrance to the radiation shielding area, and Wherein, the at least two radiation shielding doors are configured to open and close sequentially so that the passage of the radiation is substantially blocked by at least one of the radiation shielding doors, so that no radiation or only limited radiation below the threshold level can enter or leave the radiation shielding area.

3. An access restriction arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, in, The plurality of radiation shielding devices include two radiation shielding walls defining a path (22) to the radiation shielding area between the two radiation shielding walls.

4. The access restriction arrangement according to claim 3, in, The path is a tortuous path so that the passage of the radiation is substantially blocked by at least one of the two radiation shielding walls, so that no radiation or only limited radiation below the threshold level can enter or leave the radiation shielding area.

5. The access restriction arrangement according to claim 4, in, The curved path includes a zigzag path and / or a wavy path.

6. An access restriction arrangement according to claim 4 or 5, in, The two radiation shielding walls are foldable; Wherein, in the folded state, the curved path is formed by one or more folded parts.

7. The access restriction arrangement according to claim 6, in, The number of folds depends on the intensity of the radiation and / or the required shielding requirements.

8. An access restriction arrangement according to any one of claims 3 to 7, in, The plurality of radiation shielding devices include one or more radiation shielding curtain-like structures arranged along the path.

9. An access restriction arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims, in, The radiation includes one or more of the following: X-ray radiation; Gamma ray radiation; Radio frequency radiation; as well as Acoustic radiation.

10. An access control system (200) for providing access to a radiation shielded area, wherein: The radiation shielded area includes one or more of: (i) a scanner area where a medical imaging device is positioned, (ii) a tracer administration area, and (iii) a contrast agent administration area, the access control system comprising: a controller (40); and An access restriction arrangement (10) according to any one of the preceding claims; wherein the access restriction arrangement comprises a plurality of radiation shielding devices; and Wherein, the controller is configured to control the access restriction arrangement, and the access restriction arrangement is to be configured and arranged in the following manner: people and / or objects are allowed to access the radiation shielding area, while the passage of radiation is substantially blocked by at least one radiation shielding device among a plurality of radiation shielding devices, so that no radiation or only limited radiation below a threshold level can enter or leave the radiation shielding area.

11. The access control system according to claim 10, further comprising: a sensor arrangement (14, 16) comprising one or more sensors to monitor events and / or conditions in the radiation shielded area; and Therein, the controller is configured to apply one or more access rules to the monitored events and / or conditions to determine whether the radiation shielded area is ready for entry by the person and / or the object.

12. The access control system according to claim 11, in, The events and / or conditions monitored include one or more of the following: the intensity of the radiation; the frequency band of the radiation; Access rights for said persons and / or said objects; Scanning status of medical imaging devices; a status of the plurality of radiation shielding devices; as well as The patient's state of readiness.

13. The access control system according to claim 11 or 12, further comprising: at least one indicator (18); Therein, the at least one indicator is configured to indicate a status of preparation of the radiation shielded area for the entry of the person and / or the object.

14. An access control system according to any one of claims 11 to 13, in, The object comprises an autonomous patient transport device (table 2); and Wherein, the controller is configured to generate a signal to trigger the autonomous patient transport device to transport the patient to the radiation shielded area.

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