Battery pack

Abstract

The battery pack includes an outer housing and a plurality of pouch cells disposed within the outer housing. Each pouch cell of the plurality of pouch cells has a first cell end, a second cell end, and a cell side disposed between the first cell end and the second cell end. The battery side surface comprises a first surface, a second surface and a third surface. Each pouch cell of the plurality of pouch cells has a thickness in a first direction extending between the first cell end and the second cell end, and has a two-dimensional projection in a plane orthogonal to the first direction.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 325,938 filed on March 31, 2022 and U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 339,671 filed on May 9, 2022, which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present disclosure relates to battery packs, and more particularly, to battery packs for power tools. Background Art

[0003] The battery pack can be used to power one or more electric motors. The battery pack can include cylindrical cells or pouch cells, and the electric motor can be used for various purposes, including driving power tools. Summary of the invention

[0004] The battery pack includes an outer shell and a plurality of pouch batteries arranged in the outer shell. Each of the plurality of pouch batteries has a first battery end, a second battery end, and a battery side surface arranged between the first battery end and the second battery end, wherein the battery side surface includes a first surface, a second surface, and a third surface. Each of the plurality of pouch batteries has a thickness in a first direction extending between the first battery end and the second battery end, and has a two-dimensional projection in a plane orthogonal to the first direction. At least one pouch battery of the plurality of pouch batteries has a two-dimensional projection that is neither circular nor rectangular. The plurality of pouch batteries are arranged in a first stack, a second stack, and a third stack. The first stack has a first longitudinal axis, the second stack has a second longitudinal axis, and the third stack has a third longitudinal axis. The second longitudinal axis is parallel to the third longitudinal axis, and the first longitudinal axis is perpendicular to the second longitudinal axis and the third longitudinal axis.

[0005] The two-dimensional projection can define the outer boundaries of the sides of the battery.

[0006] A 2D projection may have multiple flattened edges.

[0007] Each of the pouch cells may include a two-dimensional projection in a trilobal shape.

[0008] The plurality of pouch cells may be arranged in at least one stack, the at least one stack having a uniform prismatic structure along a first direction.

[0009] Each of the plurality of pouch cells may include a first tab and a second tab.

[0010] The first tab may be disposed on the first side, and the second tab may be disposed on the second side.

[0011] The third side may not include tabs.

[0012] At least a portion of the outer housing may be configured to conform to the shape of the uniform prismatic structure.

[0013] The outer housing may include a male protrusion configured to be received within a female battery receptacle of a power tool.

[0014] The battery pack may include a first pouch battery and a second pouch battery, each having a uniform prismatic structure and a longitudinal axis. The longitudinal axis of the first pouch battery may be parallel to the longitudinal axis of the second pouch battery. The pouch batteries may be oriented so that one of the faces of the first pouch battery is adjacent to one of the faces of the second pouch battery.

[0015] The battery pack may include a first pouch battery and a second pouch battery, each having a uniform prismatic structure and a longitudinal axis, wherein the pouch batteries are oriented so that the shortest distance between the longitudinal axes of the first pouch battery and the second pouch battery passes through one of several faces of the first pouch battery and also passes through one of several faces of the second pouch battery.

[0016] The battery pack may include a first stack of pouch cells having a uniform prismatic structure, and a second stack of pouch cells having a uniform prismatic structure, wherein each of the stacks includes a first stack face, a second stack face, and a third stack face. Each pouch cell in the first stack may share a first common longitudinal axis. Each pouch cell in the second stack may share a second common longitudinal axis. The stack of pouch cells may be oriented so that the shortest distance between the first common longitudinal axis and the second common longitudinal axis passes through one of the stack faces of the first stack and also passes through one of the stack faces of the second stack.

[0017] Each pouch cell may include a two-dimensional projection including at least five sides.

[0018] Each pouch cell may include a two-dimensional projection including at least six sides.

[0019] Each pouch cell may include a two-dimensional projection including at least seven sides.

[0020] The battery pack may include a cylindrical pouch cell housed in a battery case having a longitudinal axis, wherein the battery case is formed as a first battery case part and a second battery case part. The first battery case part has a first battery case end, and the second battery case part has a second battery case end. The first battery case part is crimped to the second battery case part at a crimping position. The crimping position is located between the first battery case end and the second battery case end. The crimping position extends circumferentially around the cylindrical pouch cell and is provided with a separator and a gasket.

[0021] The crimping location may be at the center of the battery housing as measured along the longitudinal axis of the battery housing.

[0022] The pouch cell may include a tab. The battery housing may include at least one slot in one of the first battery housing end and the second battery housing end, the tab protruding from the at least one slot.

[0023] A battery pack may include a battery cell having an elongated prismatic structure. The battery cell includes a first end and a second end, one of the ends having an electrical connector. The battery cell includes a main body portion arranged between the first end and the second end. The main body portion includes a battery side extending between the first end and the second end. The battery cell includes a longitudinal axis extending between the first end and the second end. The battery side includes a plurality of flat surfaces. The battery side includes a plurality of corners.

[0024] The plurality of battery cells may be provided within the battery pack and arranged such that a shortest distance between longitudinal axes of two adjacent battery cells passes through a face of each of the two adjacent battery cells.

[0025] According to some specific embodiments, the power tool system includes a first battery pack having a first plurality of cylindrical batteries, each of the first plurality of cylindrical batteries having a first size. The power tool system may further include a second battery pack having a second plurality of cylindrical batteries, each of the second plurality of cylindrical batteries having a second size, at least one of the second sizes being different from a corresponding size in the first size. The power tool system may further include a third battery pack having a third plurality of cylindrical batteries, each of the third plurality of cylindrical batteries having a third size, at least one of the third sizes being different from a corresponding size in the first size and a corresponding size in the second size. The power tool system may further include a fourth battery pack having a fourth plurality of pouch cells, each of the fourth plurality of cylindrical batteries having a fourth size, at least one of the fourth sizes being different from a corresponding size in the first size, a corresponding size in the second size, and a corresponding size in the third size. The first battery pack, the second battery pack, the third battery pack, and the fourth battery pack may be interchangeably coupled to the power tool.

[0026] In some embodiments, each cell in each of the first, second, and third pluralities of cylindrical cells can have a diameter between 15 mm and 55 mm.

[0027] In some embodiments, each cell in each of the first, second, and third pluralities of cylindrical cells can have a length between 60 mm and 80 mm.

[0028] In some embodiments, each cell in each of the first, second, and third pluralities of cylindrical cells can have an energy density of at least 500 Wh / L.

[0029] In some embodiments, each cell in each of the first, second, and third pluralities of cylindrical cells can have an energy density of at least 580 Wh / L.

[0030] In some specific embodiments, the first battery pack can have a first internal volume, the second battery pack can have a second internal volume different from the first internal volume, the third battery pack can have a third internal volume different from the first internal volume and the second internal volume, and the fourth battery pack can have a fourth internal volume different from the first internal volume, the second internal volume, and the third internal volume.

[0031] In some embodiments, each cell in the first plurality of cylindrical cells can have a diameter of 18 mm and a length of 65 mm.

[0032] In some embodiments, each cell in the second plurality of cylindrical cells can have a diameter of 21 mm and a length of 70 mm.

[0033] In some embodiments, the first battery pack may have a first shape, the second battery pack may have a second shape, the third battery pack may have a third shape, and the first shape, the second shape, and the third shape may be different from each other.

[0034] In some specific embodiments, at least one of the first battery pack, the second battery pack, the third battery pack, and the fourth battery pack may have a battery pack energy density of 250Wh / L or more.

[0035] In some specific embodiments, the length of each of the first battery group, the second battery group, the third battery group, and the fourth battery group may be different from the length of each of the other battery groups.

[0036] In some embodiments, the height of each of the first battery group, the second battery group, the third battery group, and the fourth battery group may be different from the height of each of the other battery groups.

[0037] In some embodiments, each of the first battery pack, the second battery pack, the third battery pack, and the fourth battery pack may have a different battery capacity.

[0038] In some embodiments, each of the first battery group, the second battery group, the third battery group, and the fourth battery group can have a different energy density.

[0039] According to some specific embodiments, the power tool system includes a first battery pack having a first battery connection interface, the first battery connection interface can be coupled to a first plurality of cylindrical batteries of a first type of the power tool. The power tool system can further include a second battery pack having a second battery connection interface, the second battery connection interface can be coupled to the power tool and a second plurality of cylindrical batteries of a second type, the second type being different from the first type. The power tool system can further include a third battery pack having a third battery connection interface, the third battery connection interface can be coupled to the power tool and a third plurality of cylindrical batteries of a third type, the third type being different from the first type and the second type.

[0040] In some specific embodiments, the first battery connection interface, the second battery connection interface, and the third battery connection interface may be completely identical.

[0041] In some embodiments, each of the first type, the second type, and the third type can include a diameter, and the diameter of each cylindrical battery cell in the first, second, and third pluralities of cylindrical batteries can be between 15 mm and 55 mm.

[0042] In some embodiments, each of the first type, the second type, and the third type can include a length, and the length of each cylindrical battery cell in the first, second, and third pluralities of cylindrical batteries can be between 60 mm and 80 mm.

[0043] In some embodiments, the first battery pack may have a first battery pack capacity, the second battery pack may have a second battery pack capacity different from the first battery pack capacity, and the third battery pack may have a third battery pack capacity different from the first battery pack capacity and the second battery pack capacity.

[0044] In some specific embodiments, the first battery pack can have a first battery pack energy density, the second battery pack can have a second battery pack energy density different from the first battery pack energy density, and the third battery pack can have a third battery pack energy density different from the first battery pack energy density and the second battery pack energy density.

[0045] In some specific embodiments, each of the first battery pack energy density, the second battery pack energy density, and the third battery pack energy density can be at least 185 Wh / L.

[0046] According to some specific embodiments, the battery pack includes a battery pack housing having an internal volume defined therein, and a plurality of cylindrical battery cells arranged in the internal volume and electrically connected to each other to power the power tool. The battery pack may have a battery pack energy density of at least 213Wh / L.

[0047] In some embodiments, the battery pack can have an energy density of at least 222 Wh / L.

[0048] In some embodiments, the battery pack can have an energy density of at least 233 Wh / L.

[0049] In some embodiments, the battery pack can have an energy density of at least 241 Wh / L.

[0050] In some embodiments, the battery pack can have an energy density of at least 250 Wh / L.

[0051] In some embodiments, the battery pack can have an energy density of at least 257 Wh / L.

[0052] According to some specific embodiments, the battery pack includes a battery pack housing, a battery connection interface arranged on the battery pack housing, and a first battery cell having a first capacity, the first battery cell being electrically connected to the battery connection interface. The battery pack may further include a second battery cell having a second capacity, the second battery cell being electrically connected to the battery connection interface. The first capacity may be different from the second capacity.

[0053] In some specific embodiments, the battery pack may further include a third battery cell having a third capacity, the third battery cell being electrically connected to the battery connection interface. The third capacity may be different from the first capacity and the second capacity.

[0054] In some specific embodiments, the first battery cell, the second battery cell, and the third battery cell may have different shapes.

[0055] In some embodiments, the first battery cell, the second battery cell, and the third battery cell may have different lengths.

[0056] In some specific embodiments, the first battery cell and the second battery cell may be cylindrical battery cells. The first battery cell and the second battery cell may have different diameters.

[0057] In some embodiments, the first battery cell may be a cylindrical battery cell and the second battery cell may be a pouch cell.

[0058] In some embodiments, the first battery cell and the second battery cell may be electrically connected in series.

[0059] Other features and aspects of the disclosure will become apparent by consideration of the following detailed description and accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0060] Figure 1A is a perspective view of a battery pack according to one embodiment.

[0061] Figure 1B is a perspective view of a battery pack according to another specific embodiment.

[0062] Figure 1C is a perspective view of a battery pack according to another specific embodiment.

[0063] Figure 2 is a side-by-side comparison of various specific embodiments of the battery pack.

[0064] Figure 3A is a perspective view of a battery pack according to another specific embodiment.

[0065] Figure 3B It includes a transparent outer shell Figure 3A Front view of the battery pack.

[0066] Figure 3C yes Figure 3A A perspective view of a battery pack with the outer casing hidden to illustrate the arrangement of battery cells within the battery pack.

[0067] Figure 3D Compared with a larger battery pack Figure 3A Front view of the battery pack.

[0068] Figure 3E Compared with a larger battery pack Figure 3A Left side view of the battery pack.

[0069] Figure 4A is a side-by-side comparison of two different embodiments of a battery pack.

[0070] Figure 4B is a side-by-side comparison of two different embodiments of a battery pack.

[0071] Figure 4C is a side-by-side comparison of two different embodiments of a battery pack.

[0072] Figure 5A is a perspective view of a battery pack according to another specific embodiment.

[0073] Figure 5B yes Figure 3A A perspective view of the battery pack.

[0074] Figure 5C is a perspective view of a battery pack according to another specific embodiment.

[0075] Fig. 6A A specific embodiment of a battery pack coupled to a stamping tool is provided.

[0076] Figure 6B A specific embodiment of a battery pack coupled to a drilling rig.

[0077] Figure 6C A specific embodiment of a battery pack coupled to a circular saw.

[0078] Fig.6D A specific embodiment of a battery pack coupled to a rover light.

[0079] Fig. 6E A specific embodiment of a battery pack coupled to a drilling rig.

[0080] Fig. 7A is a perspective view of a battery pack according to another specific embodiment.

[0081] Figure 7B It includes a transparent outer shell Fig. 7A Front view of the battery pack.

[0082] Figure 7C yes Fig. 7A A perspective view of a battery pack with the outer casing hidden to illustrate the arrangement of battery cells within the battery pack.

[0083] Fig. 8A is a perspective view of a battery pack according to another specific embodiment.

[0084] Figure 8B It includes a transparent outer shell Fig. 8A Front view of the battery pack.

[0085] Figure 8C yes Fig. 8A A perspective view of a battery pack with the outer casing hidden to illustrate the arrangement of battery cells within the battery pack.

[0086] Fig. 9A is a perspective view of a battery pack according to another specific embodiment.

[0087] Fig. 9B It includes a transparent outer shell Fig. 9A Front view of the battery pack.

[0088] Fig. 9C yes Fig. 9A A perspective view of a battery pack with the outer casing hidden to illustrate the arrangement of battery cells within the battery pack.

[0089] Fig. 10A is a perspective view of a battery pack according to another specific embodiment.

[0090] Fig. 10B It includes a transparent outer shell Fig. 10A Front view of the battery pack.

[0091] Fig. 10C yes Fig. 10A A perspective view of a battery pack with the outer housing hidden to illustrate the arrangement of battery cells housed in an inner housing of the battery pack.

[0092] Fig. 10D yes Fig. 10A A perspective view of a battery pack, wherein the outer housing and the inner housing are hidden to illustrate the arrangement of battery cells in the inner housing of the battery pack.

[0093] Fig.11A is a perspective view of a battery pack according to another specific embodiment.

[0094] Fig. 11B It includes a transparent outer shell Fig.11A Front view of the battery pack.

[0095] Fig. 11C yes Fig.11A A perspective view of a battery pack with the outer housing hidden to illustrate the arrangement of battery cells housed in an inner housing of the battery pack.

[0096] Fig.11D yes Fig.11A A perspective view of a battery pack, wherein the outer housing and the inner housing are hidden to illustrate the arrangement of battery cells in the inner housing of the battery pack.

[0097] Fig.12 is a side-by-side comparison of two different embodiments of a battery cell.

[0098] Fig.13A is a perspective view of a battery pack according to another specific embodiment.

[0099] Fig. 13B is a perspective view of a battery pack according to another specific embodiment.

[0100] Fig. 13C It includes a transparent outer shell Fig.13A Front view of the battery pack.

[0101] Fig.13D It includes a transparent outer shell Fig. 13B Front view of the battery pack.

[0102] Fig.14A A battery pack according to another specific embodiment.

[0103] Fig. 14B A battery pack according to another specific embodiment.

[0104] Fig.15A is an end of a battery cell having a crimp, wherein the crimp is at the end of the battery cell.

[0105] Fig. 15B A specific embodiment of a battery cell having a crimping portion, wherein the crimping portion is arranged between two ends of the battery cell.

[0106] Fig. 15C yes Fig.15A Front view of a battery cell.

[0107] Fig.15D yes Fig. 15B Front view of a battery cell.

[0108] Fig.15E yes Fig. 15B A perspective view of a battery cell.

[0109] Fig.15F yes Fig. 15BCross-sectional view of a battery cell.

[0110] Fig.16A is a perspective view of a battery unit according to another specific embodiment.

[0111] Fig. 16B yes Fig.16A Left side view of the battery unit.

[0112] Fig. 16C yes Fig.16A Arrangement of battery cells.

[0113] Fig.16D yes Fig.16A Another arrangement of battery cells.

[0114] Fig.17A is a perspective view of a battery unit according to another specific embodiment.

[0115] Fig. 17B yes Fig.17A Top view of a battery cell.

[0116] Fig. 17C is configured to accommodate Fig.17A Top view of a battery pack of battery cells.

[0117] Fig.17D is a perspective view of a battery unit according to another specific embodiment.

[0118] Fig.17E is a perspective view of a battery unit according to another specific embodiment.

[0119] Fig.17F is a perspective view of a battery unit according to another specific embodiment.

[0120] Fig.18A are connected in parallel Fig.17A Top view of a stack of battery cells.

[0121] Fig.18B are connected in series Fig.17A Top view of a stack of battery cells.

[0122] Fig.18C are connected in rows Fig.17A Top view of a battery cell.

[0123] Fig.19 is a side-by-side comparison of a schematic diagram of a battery cell produced by winding technology and a schematic diagram of a battery cell produced by stacking technology.

[0124] Fig. 20A is a perspective view of a battery pack housing according to a specific embodiment.

[0125] Fig. 20B According to the specific implementation, Fig. 20A Cross-sectional view of a battery pack of a battery pack housing.

[0126] Fig. 20C According to another specific embodiment, Fig. 20A Cross-sectional view of a battery pack of a battery pack housing.

[0127] Fig.20D According to another specific embodiment, Fig. 20A Cross-sectional view of a battery pack of a battery pack housing.

[0128] Fig.20E According to another specific embodiment, Fig. 20A Cross-sectional view of a battery pack of a battery pack housing.

[0129] Fig.20F According to another specific embodiment, Fig. 20A Cross-sectional view of a battery pack of a battery pack housing.

[0130] Fig.21A is a perspective view of a battery pack housing according to another specific embodiment.

[0131] Fig. 21B According to the specific implementation, Fig.21A Cross-sectional view of a battery pack of a battery pack housing.

[0132] Fig. 21C According to another specific embodiment, Fig.21A Cross-sectional view of a battery pack of a battery pack housing.

[0133] Fig.21D According to another specific embodiment, Fig.21A Cross-sectional view of a battery pack of a battery pack housing.

[0134] Fig.21E According to another specific embodiment, Fig.21A Cross-sectional view of a battery pack of a battery pack housing.

[0135] Fig.21F According to another specific embodiment, Fig.21A Cross-sectional view of a battery pack of a battery pack housing.

[0136] Fig.22A is a perspective view of a battery pack housing according to another specific embodiment.

[0137] Fig. 22B According to the specific implementation, Fig.22ACross-sectional view of a battery pack of a battery pack housing.

[0138] Fig. 22C According to another specific embodiment, Fig.22A Cross-sectional view of a battery pack of a battery pack housing.

[0139] Fig.22D According to another specific embodiment, Fig.22A Cross-sectional view of a battery pack of a battery pack housing.

[0140] Fig.22E According to another specific embodiment, Fig.22A Cross-sectional view of a battery pack of a battery pack housing.

[0141] Fig.22F According to another specific embodiment, Fig.22A Cross-sectional view of a battery pack of a battery pack housing.

[0142] Figure 22G The chart shows Figure 20B-Figure 20F , Figure 21B-Figure 21F and Figure 22B-Figure 22F The functional relationship between the volume energy density of the battery pack and the number of parallel rows.

[0143] Fig.22H The chart shows Figure 20B-Figure 20F , Figure 21B-Figure 21F and Figure 22B-Figure 22F The functional relationship between the battery pack capacity and the number of parallel rows.

[0144] Fig.23A is a perspective view of a battery pack housing according to another specific embodiment.

[0145] Fig. 23B According to the specific implementation, Fig.23A Cross-sectional view of a battery pack of a battery pack housing.

[0146] Fig.23C According to another specific embodiment, Fig.23A Cross-sectional view of a battery pack of a battery pack housing.

[0147] Fig.23D According to another specific embodiment, Fig.23A Cross-sectional view of a battery pack of a battery pack housing.

[0148] Fig.23E According to another specific embodiment, Fig.23A Cross-sectional view of a battery pack of a battery pack housing.

[0149] Fig.23FAccording to another specific embodiment, Fig.23A Cross-sectional view of a battery pack of a battery pack housing.

[0150] Fig.24A is a perspective view of a battery pack housing according to another specific embodiment.

[0151] Fig. 24B According to the specific implementation, Fig.24A Cross-sectional view of a battery pack of a battery pack housing.

[0152] Fig.24C According to another specific embodiment, Fig.24A Cross-sectional view of a battery pack of a battery pack housing.

[0153] Fig.24D According to another specific embodiment, Fig.24A Cross-sectional view of a battery pack of a battery pack housing.

[0154] Fig.24E According to another specific embodiment, Fig.24A Cross-sectional view of a battery pack of a battery pack housing.

[0155] Fig.24F According to another specific embodiment, Fig.24A Cross-sectional view of a battery pack of a battery pack housing.

[0156] Fig.25A is a perspective view of a battery pack housing according to another specific embodiment.

[0157] Fig.25B According to the specific implementation, Fig.25A Cross-sectional view of a battery pack of a battery pack housing.

[0158] Fig.25C According to another specific embodiment, Fig.25A Cross-sectional view of a battery pack of a battery pack housing.

[0159] Fig.25D According to another specific embodiment, Fig.25A Cross-sectional view of a battery pack of a battery pack housing.

[0160] Fig.25E According to another specific embodiment, Fig.25A Cross-sectional view of a battery pack of a battery pack housing.

[0161] Fig.25F According to another specific embodiment, Fig.25A Cross-sectional view of a battery pack of a battery pack housing.

[0162] Figure 25G The chart shows Figure 23B-Figure 23F , Figure 24B-Figure 24F and Figure 25B-Figure 25F The functional relationship between the volume energy density of the battery pack and the number of parallel rows.

[0163] Fig.25H The chart shows Figure 23B-Figure 23F , Figure 24B-Figure 24F and Figure 25B-Figure 25F The functional relationship between the battery pack capacity and the number of parallel rows.

[0164] Fig.26A is a perspective view of a battery pack housing according to another specific embodiment.

[0165] Fig.26B According to the specific implementation, Fig.26A Cross-sectional view of a battery pack of a battery pack housing.

[0166] Fig.26C According to another specific embodiment, Fig.26A Cross-sectional view of a battery pack of a battery pack housing.

[0167] Fig.26D According to another specific embodiment, Fig.26A Cross-sectional view of a battery pack of a battery pack housing.

[0168] Fig.26E According to another specific embodiment, Fig.26A Cross-sectional view of a battery pack of a battery pack housing.

[0169] Fig.26F According to another specific embodiment, Fig.26A Cross-sectional view of a battery pack of a battery pack housing.

[0170] Fig.27A is a perspective view of a battery pack housing according to another specific embodiment.

[0171] Fig.27B According to the specific implementation, Fig.27A Cross-sectional view of a battery pack of a battery pack housing.

[0172] Fig.27C According to another specific embodiment, Fig.27A Cross-sectional view of a battery pack of a battery pack housing.

[0173] Fig.27D According to another specific embodiment, Fig.27A Cross-sectional view of a battery pack of a battery pack housing.

[0174] Fig.27E According to another specific embodiment, Fig.27A Cross-sectional view of a battery pack of a battery pack housing.

[0175] Fig.27F According to another specific embodiment, Fig.27A Cross-sectional view of a battery pack of a battery pack housing.

[0176] Fig.28A is a perspective view of a battery pack housing according to another specific embodiment.

[0177] Fig.28B According to the specific implementation, Fig.28A Cross-sectional view of a battery pack of a battery pack housing.

[0178] Fig.28C According to another specific embodiment, Fig.28A Cross-sectional view of a battery pack of a battery pack housing.

[0179] Fig.28D According to another specific embodiment, Fig.28A Cross-sectional view of a battery pack of a battery pack housing.

[0180] Fig.28E According to another specific embodiment, Fig.28A Cross-sectional view of a battery pack of a battery pack housing.

[0181] Fig.28F According to another specific embodiment, Fig.28A Cross-sectional view of a battery pack of a battery pack housing.

[0182] Figure 28G The chart shows Figure 26B-Figure 26F , Figure 27B-Figure 27F and Figure 28B-Figure 28F The functional relationship between the volume energy density of the battery pack and the number of parallel rows.

[0183] Fig.28H The chart shows Figure 26B-Figure 26F , Figure 27B-Figure 27F and Figure 28B-Figure 28F The functional relationship between the battery pack capacity and the number of parallel rows.

[0184] Before any specific embodiment is described in detail, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the application of the construction details and component arrangements described in the following description or shown in the accompanying drawings. The present invention can have other specific embodiments and can be implemented or realized in various ways. In addition, it should be understood that the words and terms used in this application are for illustrative purposes and should not be regarded as limiting. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0185] Reference Figure 1A-Figure 1C The battery packs 10, 14, 18 include respective battery connection interfaces 22, 26, 30. The battery connection interfaces 22, 26, 30 are configured to couple and electronically communicate with corresponding sockets disposed on, for example, Figures 6A-6E . Although the specific embodiments of the battery packs disclosed in the present application may vary in certain aspects, each battery pack may include a battery connection interface that is configured to be combined with a socket to perform various tasks, including selectively powering a plurality of different power tools. Each of the battery packs 10, 14, 18 includes an outer shell 11, 12, 13, respectively. The outer shells 11, 12, 13 house and protect the internal components (e.g., battery cells) of the battery packs 10, 14, 18.

[0186] Reference Figure 2 , a relatively short battery pack 34 may be provided. Alternatively, a relatively long battery pack 38 may be provided. Furthermore, battery packs 42, 46, 50, 54 may be provided that are longer than the battery pack 34 but shorter than the battery pack 38. Additionally, a battery pack shorter than the battery pack 34 may be provided. Battery packs longer than the battery pack 38 may also be provided. The individual battery packs 34, 38, 42, 46, 50, 54 may have different ampere-hour ("Ah" or "Ah") capacities. The battery packs 34, 38, 42, 46, 50, 54 may have capacities between 2.55Ah and 6.0Ah, or less than 2.55Ah, or more than 6.0Ah. The battery packs 34, 38, 42, 46, 50, 54 include battery cells that may be customized to have different lengths or other dimensions (e.g., length, width, and height) (see Fig.12 ).

[0187] Reference Figure 3A-3E, the battery pack 58 can be provided with an outer shell 62. In one embodiment, the battery pack 58 is configured to have a capacity between 1.0Ah and 10.0Ah, more specifically, a capacity between 5.0 and 7.0Ah, and more specifically, a capacity of 6.0Ah. The battery pack 58 can be configured to accommodate battery cells 66 in the outer shell 62. The battery cells 66 can be arranged in three stacks 70a, 70b, 70c. Each stack can have a plurality of flattened stack faces extending from one end of the stack 70a, 70b, 70c to the other end of the stack 70a, 70b, 70c. In some embodiments, six battery cells 66 are arranged in each stack 70a, 70b, 70c. In other embodiments, two to sixteen battery cells 66 are arranged in each stack 70a, 70b, 70c. In some embodiments, different stacks 70a, 70b, 70c contain different numbers of battery cells 66, while in some embodiments, each stack 70a, 70b, 70c contains the same number of battery cells 66. The battery cells 66 can be connected so that the three stacks 70a, 70b, 70c are connected in series, and the battery cells 66 in each stack 70a, 70b, 70c are connected in parallel. Six battery cells 66 are provided in each stack 70a, 70b, 70c. The outer housing 62 of the battery pack 58 can be provided with a convex protrusion 71 and a base portion 72. The convex protrusion 71 and the base portion 72 can be hollow so that the internal components of the battery pack 58 (e.g., battery cells) can be provided in one or both of the convex protrusion 71 and the base portion 72.

[0188] Reference Figure 4A , the length of battery pack 74 may be different from that of battery pack 78. Battery pack 74 may be a micro CP battery pack and may have a capacity between 1.0 and 2.0 Ah, more specifically, battery pack 74 may have a capacity of 1.76 Ah. Battery pack 78 may be an MP M12CP battery pack and may have a capacity between 1.0 and 2.0 Ah, and more specifically, battery pack 78 may have a capacity of 1.5 Ah.

[0189] Reference Figure 4B , the length of battery pack 82 may be different from that of battery pack 86. Battery pack 82 may be a mini CP battery pack and may have a capacity between 1.0 and 3.0 Ah, and more specifically, battery pack 82 may have a capacity of 2.0 Ah. Battery pack 86 may be an MP M12CP battery pack and may have a capacity between 1.0 and 3.0 Ah, and more specifically, battery pack 86 may have a capacity of 2.0 Ah.

[0190] Reference Figure 4C, the length of battery pack 90 may be different from that of battery pack 94, and battery packs 90, 94 may include battery cells of different lengths, diameters, and / or capacities (see Fig.12 ). Battery pack 90 may be an M12MP battery pack and may have a capacity between 1.0 and 5.0 Ah, and more specifically, battery pack 90 may have a capacity of 3.0 Ah. Battery pack 94 may be a 3.0 Ah CP battery pack and may have a capacity between 1.0 and 5.0 Ah, and more specifically, battery pack 94 may have a capacity of 3.0 Ah.

[0191] Reference Figure 5A-Figure 5C and Figure 6A-6E Different types of battery packs 98, 58, 102 may be provided. Each of the battery packs 98, 58, 102 may be configured to be combined with the same or different power tools. Each battery pack 98, 58, 102 may have a different shape (i.e., "form factor") and may each include a battery connection interface that is compatible with a common socket. Some embodiments of power tools that may be powered by battery packs 98, 58, 102 include, but are not limited to: Figure 6A-6E Shown are a punch tool 103, drills 104, 105, a circular saw 107, and a probe light 108. The drills 104, 105 may be slotted drive shaft ("SDS") drills and may be "5 / 8", "1 / 2", or other sizes.

[0192] Reference Figure 5C The battery pack 102 may include three groups of battery cells (not shown), each group of battery cells including four battery cells. Each of the four battery cells in each group may be connected in parallel, and the three groups of battery cells may be connected in series.

[0193] Reference Figure 7A-7C , the battery pack 106 includes cylindrical battery cells 110 that power the battery pack. The battery pack 106 may contain three groups of cylindrical battery cells 110, each group of cylindrical battery cells 110 containing two cylindrical battery cells 110. In each group, each battery cell of the two cylindrical battery cells 110 may be connected in parallel, and the three groups of cylindrical battery cells 110 may be connected in series. In some specific embodiments, one or more than one battery cell 110 in the battery pack 106 may be longer or shorter than other battery cells 110 in the battery pack 106. In other words, battery packs such as the battery pack 106 may include battery cells of different shapes, sizes (including length, diameter, height, width, etc.) and / or capacities. In some specific embodiments, some battery cells 110 in the battery pack 106 may be pouch batteries, while some battery cells may be cylindrical batteries.

[0194] Reference Figure 8A-8C , the battery pack 114 accommodates the battery cells 66 that power the battery pack 114. The battery pack 114 may contain three groups of battery cells 66, each group of battery cells 66 containing two battery cells 66. Each battery cell of the two battery cells 66 in each group may be connected in parallel, and the three groups of battery cells 66 may be connected in series.

[0195] Reference Figure 9A-9C , the battery pack 118 contains a battery cell 122 that powers the battery pack 118. Referring again to Figure 8A-8C The battery cells 66 may form a triangle, a trilobate, or a triangle with a flattened tip. The battery cells 66 may be stacked so as to occupy approximately the same space as three cylindrical battery cells 122. The battery cells 66 may be pouch-type batteries, and, compared to the cylindrical battery cells 122 in the battery pack 118, the pouch-type batteries may utilize the space in the battery pack 114 more efficiently because the pouch-type battery cells 66 may be close to the outer shell of the battery pack, and there is little wasted space in the outer shell of the battery pack. The battery cells 122 may be connected in series.

[0196] Reference Figures 10A-10D , the battery pack 126 includes an inner case 130. Battery cells 134 are accommodated in the inner case 130. The battery cells 134 may be connected in series.

[0197] Reference Figures 11A-11D , the battery pack 138 includes an inner housing 142. Cylindrical battery cells 146 are housed in the inner housing 142. The battery pack 138 may contain five groups of cylindrical battery cells 146, each group of cylindrical battery cells 146 containing two cylindrical battery cells 146. Each battery cell in each group of two cylindrical battery cells 146 may be connected in parallel, and the five groups of cylindrical battery cells 146 may be connected in series. The cylindrical battery cells 146 may be configured to have different sizes (e.g., length, width / diameter, height, etc.) and / or capacities (see Fig.12 ).

[0198] Reference Fig.12, cylindrical battery cell 150 is longer than cylindrical battery cell 154. Cylindrical battery cell 150 is a 18650 battery, while cylindrical battery cell 154 is a 18435 battery, which is 43.5 mm long, varying within a 2% range. Cylindrical battery 150 can be about 65 mm long, or can be a different length. Battery packs configured to accommodate cylindrical battery cells 150 or cylindrical battery cells 154 can be manufactured. Battery packs configured to accommodate both cylindrical battery cells 150 and cylindrical battery cells 154 can also be manufactured. In some specific embodiments, the battery pack can accommodate three or more battery cells of different sizes, shapes and / or capacities. Cylindrical battery cells similar to cylindrical battery cells 150, 154 can have a length greater than, equal to, or less than 60 mm or greater than, equal to, or less than 80 mm. A cylindrical battery cell similar to cylindrical battery cells 150, 154 may have a diameter greater than, equal to, or less than 15 mm, or greater than, equal to, or less than 55 mm. A cylindrical battery cell similar to cylindrical battery cells 150, 154 may have an energy density greater than, equal to, or less than 500 Wh / L, or greater than, equal to, or less than 585 Wh / L, or greater than, equal to, or less than 595 Wh / L.

[0199] Reference Fig.13A and Fig. 13C , Fig.13A The battery pack 158 is shown in FIG. Fig. 13C As shown in FIG. 1 , the battery pack 158 houses the cylindrical battery cells 154. The battery pack 158 may have a capacity of 2.0 Ah and may be as follows: Figure 4A The size of the 1.76Ah micro-CP battery pack 74 is shown in FIG. The cylindrical battery cells 154 can be connected in series.

[0200] Reference Fig. 13B and Fig.13D , Fig. 13B The battery pack 162 is shown in FIG. Fig.13D As shown in , the battery pack 162 accommodates the cylindrical battery cells 150. The battery pack 162 may have a capacity of 2.0 Ah. The cylindrical battery cells 150 may be connected in series.

[0201] Reference Fig.14A and Fig. 14B, battery pack 166 and battery pack 170 may be different lengths. Battery pack 166 may be a micro M12 battery pack. When battery pack 166 is installed in a tool handle, the battery cells contained in battery pack 166 may be flush with the tool handle. Battery pack 170 may be a mini M12 battery pack, or may be a larger M12 battery pack, wherein when battery pack 170 is installed in a tool handle, the battery cells contained in battery pack 170 extend beyond the tool handle.

[0202] Reference Figures 15A-15F , the battery cell 174 may include a battery cell housing 178, which may also be referred to as a battery shell 178. The battery cell housing 178 may include a negative electrode 182 and a positive electrode 186. The battery cell 174 may include a first end 194, a second end 198, and a middle portion 202. The negative electrode 182 may be separated from the positive electrode 186 by a separator 190 including a gasket. The separator 190 may be positioned on the battery cell 174 where the battery cell housing 178 is crimped. In some embodiments, for example Fig.15A and Fig. 15C In the embodiment of the battery cell 174 shown in FIG, the positive electrode 186 can be arranged at the first end 194 of the battery cell 174, and the negative electrode 182 can be arranged at the second end 198 of the battery cell 174. In other embodiments, for example Fig. 15B as well as Figure 15D-15F In the embodiment of the battery cell 174 shown in FIG. 1 , the positive electrode can extend from the first end of the center crimp 206 along the length of the battery cell housing 178. In such an embodiment, the first side of the middle portion 202 is the positive electrode and the second side of the middle portion 202 is the negative electrode. The first side can be a first battery housing part, and the second side can be a second battery housing part. The battery cell 174 can be a cylindrical battery.

[0203] Reference Figures 16A-16D , the battery pack 210 is a flattened battery cell 210. The flattened battery cell 210 includes a first end 214 having an electrical connector, a second end 218, and a main body portion 222. The main body portion 222 includes a battery side 226 extending between the first end 214 and the second end 218. The battery cell 210 has a longitudinal axis 228 extending between the first end 214 and the second end 218. The battery side 226 is not a perfect cylinder. The battery side 226 includes a first face 230a, a second face 230b, and a third face 230c. The battery side also includes a first corner 232a, a second corner 232b, and a third corner 232c. From the perspective of the ends 214, 218, for example Fig. 16BAs shown in , the faces 230a, 230b, 230c appear to be flat, flattened, or flattened. In some embodiments, the faces 230a, 230b, 230c are flat, but in other embodiments, the faces 230a, 230b, 230c are simply flattened so that the faces 230a, 230b, 230c are not completely circular, and the main body 222 of the battery cell 210 is trilobal or triangular. In other words, the two-dimensional projection of the battery cell 210 in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 228 is non-circular. In some embodiments, the two-dimensional projection of the battery cell 210 in a plane perpendicular (or orthogonal) to the longitudinal axis 228 is non-rectangular.

[0204] Further references Fig. 16B The flat, stretched, or flattened geometry of the battery cell 210 may be formed by applying force along the length of the main body portion 222 of the battery cell 210. For example, Fig. 16B As shown in FIG, forces are applied in three different directions toward the longitudinal axis 228. The method of forming the battery pack 210 includes simultaneously applying forces to the battery cell 210 from at least three different directions evenly spaced from each other and molding the battery cell 210 into a desired uniform prismatic shape.

[0205] Further references Fig. 16C and Fig.16D , the battery cells 210 can be arranged in a space-saving manner. Fig. 16C In the embodiment, the shortest distance between the longitudinal axes of two adjacent battery cells 210 passes through the face of each of the two adjacent battery cells 210. Fig.16D In the embodiment, the battery cells 210 are arranged in a row. In such a configuration, one of the corners 232a, 232b, 232c of the battery cell 210 overlaps with one of the corners 232a, 232b, 232c of the adjacent battery cell 210.

[0206] Reference Figure 17A-Figure 17C The battery cell 234 includes a first tab 238 and a second tab 242. The battery cell 234 may be a pouch cell and may be connected to Figures 16A-16D The battery cell 210 of FIG. 210 similarly includes faces 246a, 246b, 246c. Faces 246a, 246b, 246c may be flat, flattened, or flattened. Each tab is disposed on face 246a, 246b, 246c. One of faces 246a, 246b, 246c may be free of tabs. The battery cell 234 is trilobate-shaped and is configured to fit into a battery such as a Fig. 17C The battery pack 250 is shown in FIG.

[0207] Reference Fig.17D, the battery cell 254 is similar to the battery cell 234, but the battery cell 254 includes both the main faces 258a, 258b, 258c and the secondary faces 262a, 262b, 262c. In the illustrated embodiment, the tabs are arranged on the secondary faces. The main faces 258a, 258b, 258c and the secondary faces 262a, 262b, 262c can be arranged alternately to form a triangle.

[0208] Reference Fig.17E The battery cell 266 has a hexagonal cross section. The battery cell 266 is provided with a first end 270, a second end 274, a tab 278 at the first end 270, and a tab 282 at the second end 274. The battery cell 266 is also provided with six faces 286a, 286b, 286c, 286d, 286e, 286f. The battery cell 266 can be arranged in a Fig. 16C In other embodiments, the battery cells 266 may have three sides, four sides, five sides, seven sides, eight sides, or other numbers of sides.

[0209] Reference Fig.17F , the battery cell 290 may be of a flat and rectangular type. A cylindrical battery cell 294 may also be provided.

[0210] Reference Figures 18A-18C , the battery cells 234 can be connected in various ways. Fig.18A and 18B As shown in , battery cells 234 may be stacked. Fig.18A As shown in FIG. , the battery cells 234 can be connected in parallel. Fig.18A In the embodiment, the orientation of each battery cell 234 in the stack may be the same relative to adjacent battery cells 234 to facilitate connection of each battery cell 234 to the tabs of another battery cell 234 in parallel. Fig.18B As shown in FIG. , the battery cells 234 can be connected in series. Fig.18B In the embodiment, the orientation of each battery cell 234 in the stack can be different relative to adjacent battery cells 234 to facilitate connection of each battery cell 234 to the lugs of another battery cell 234 in series. The battery cells 234 can be connected in these ways within the battery pack and configured to power a power tool. Fig.18C As shown in FIG. 1 , the battery cells 234 may be arranged in rows and connected in series. Although not shown, the battery cells 234 may also be arranged in rows and connected in parallel. In addition, as previously described, one side of the battery cell 234 may not have a tab, which is beneficial for example Fig.18CThe arrangement of the battery cells 234 shown in . Since the battery cells 234 have tabs on two sides but no tabs on one side, the battery cells 234 can be rotated or flipped to achieve various designs, such as row and stack designs.

[0211] Reference Fig.19 , battery cells can be produced by winding technology or stacking technology.

[0212] Battery cells can be mass-produced using a number of methods. For example, pre-cut electrodes and battery components can be stacked together to form a battery. Another method is to stack square or rectangular cells first and then cut the battery stack into shape. Another method is to make a continuous electrode or separator and then "Z-fold" the electrode to stack it.

[0213] Further references Figure 3A-3E , stacks 70a, 70b, 70c can be arranged in a pattern within the outer shell 62. Each stack 70a, 70b, 70c has a longitudinal axis. The longitudinal axis of stack 70a is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of stack 70b and stack 70c. In addition, stack 70a is at least partially positioned above stacks 70b and 70c. In other words, the longitudinal axes of the two stacks 70b, 70c are parallel and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of stack 70a.

[0214] The battery pack disclosed in the present application can be configured to include the battery cells disclosed in the present application. The battery cells can be connected in series or in parallel. The battery can be rotated to easily achieve a series connection. The battery can be flipped to achieve a parallel connection. In addition, one side of the connected battery stack can be free of tabs to leave room for wiring or other internal features of the battery pack.

[0215] Some battery packs may have a height between 50 mm and 100 mm, and more specifically between 64.58 mm and 85 mm. More specifically, some battery packs may have a height of 85 mm, 64.58 mm, and 72.5 mm. Other battery packs may have a battery height of 95.5 mm.

[0216] Some battery packs may have a battery weight between 50g and 150g, and more specifically between 66.3g and 128g. More specifically, some battery packs may have a battery weight of 126.5g, 66.3g, 128g, and 75.6g. Other battery packs may have a battery weight of 138g or 113.2g.

[0217] Some battery packs may have an AC-IR (A / C internal resistance) between 5mOhm and 50mOhm, and more specifically between 10.5mOhm and 38.91mOhm. Other battery packs may have an AC-IR of 34.8mOhm or 10.5mOhm.

[0218] The dimensions of the battery pack 98 may be 66.6 mm wide, 88.3 mm long, 111 mm high, with a battery weight of 276 g and an AC-IR of 17.4 mOhm. These characteristics may vary within a range of 25%.

[0219] The battery pack 58 may have a size of 56.95 mm x 73.5 mm x 113.3 mm, a battery weight of 226.5 g, and an AC-IR of 3.5 mOhm. These characteristics may vary within a range of 25%.

[0220] The battery pack 102 may have a size of 47.8 mm x 51.4 mm x 169.25 mm, a battery weight of 226.4 g, and an AC-IR of 5.25 mOhm. These characteristics may vary within a range of 25%.

[0221] Certain battery cells disclosed herein may have a battery thickness of 14 mm.

[0222] As shown in the following table, different battery packs can have different pack heights, available cell heights, and individual cell heights (in millimeters). In addition, different battery packs can have different associated individual cell capacities in ampere-hours ("Ah" or "Ah"). Battery packs can be configured with battery cells connected in series, in parallel, or a combination of both. The battery packs themselves can have a capacity in ampere-hours. Each battery pack can have an individual cell volume in cubic millimeters, and each battery pack can have an individual cell weight in grams. Each battery pack can have a total cell weight in grams. Table 1-1 Table 1-2 Single battery capacity Configuration Group capacity M12 Group Ah Ah 18650M12CP 3.000 3S1P 3.00 miniature 1.758 3S1P 1.76 Mini 0.950 3S2P 1.90 Mini 2Ah 1.002 3S2P 2.00 M12CP 1.273 3S2P 2.55 3Ah 1.500 3S2P 3.00 M12XC Height 1.197 3S3P 3.59 4Ah 1.333 3S3P 4.00 5Ah 1.668 3S3P 5.01 6Ah 1.500 3S4P 6.00 18650M12XC 6Ah 3 3S2P 6 5.27Ah bag type 1.758 3S3P 5.27 6Ah bag type 1.002 3S6P 6.01 Table 1-3 Volume / battery Weight / battery Total battery weight M12 Group <![CDATA[mm 3 ]]> g g 18650M12CP 46.0 137.97 miniature 9896.0 22.1 66.3 Mini 5344.3 11.9 71.6 Mini 2Ah 5639.3 12.6 75.6 M12CP 7163.5 16.0 96.0 3Ah 8443.8 18.9 113.2 M12XC Height 6736.0 15.0 135.4 4Ah 7498.8 16.8 150.8 5Ah 9388.7 21.0 188.8 6Ah 8443.8 18.9 226.4 18650M12XC 6Ah 46 276 5.27Ah bag type 22.1 198.6 6Ah bag type 12.6 226.5 Table 2-1 Table 2-2 Single battery capacity Configuration Group capacity M12 Group Ah Ah 18650M12CP 3.000 3S1P 3 Miniature 1.76Ah size 2.011 3S1P 2.011 Mini 2.0Ah size 2.377 3S1P 2.377 4Ah 4.002 3S1P 4.002 5Ah 5.003 3S1P 5.003 6Ah 6.000 3S1P 6.000 Table 2-3

[0223] As shown in the table below, each battery may have a specific A / C internal resistance, and each battery pack may have its own specific A / C internal resistance in milliohms (mOhm). Table 3

[0224] Refer again Fig.12 , the cylindrical battery cells 150, 154 can be customized to have different desired sizes. For example, the cylindrical battery cells 150, 154 can have a diameter of 24 mm, 27 mm, or 28 mm, and can have a length of 80 mm, 70 mm, or 75 mm. More specifically, a specific embodiment of the cylindrical battery cells 150, 154 can be configured to have a diameter of 24 mm, a length of 80 mm, a length of 36191 mm, and a length of 80 mm. 3 The battery volume is 27 mm, the battery capacity is 5.97 Ah, the battery ACIR is 2.91 mohm, and the battery DCIR is 7.1 mohm. The cylindrical battery cells 150, 154 can be configured to have a diameter of 27 mm, a length of 70 mm, a diameter of 400 mm, and a length of 79 mm. 3 The battery volume is 28 mm, the battery capacity is 6.61 Ah, the battery ACIR is 2.71 mohm, and the battery DCIR is 6.6 mohm. The cylindrical battery cells 150, 154 can be configured to have a diameter of 28 mm, a length of 75 mm, a diameter of 46 mm, and a length of 181 mm. 3 The battery volume is 7.62Ah, the battery capacity is 7.62Ah, the battery ACIR is 2.35mohm, and the battery DCIR is 5.71mohm. Battery cells 150, 154 of different sizes, shapes, diameters, lengths, and / or capacities can be arranged in a single battery pack. The following table shows the above exemplary dimensions: Table 4

[0225] Continue to refer to Fig.12 , other specific embodiments of the cylindrical battery cells 150, 154 can be constructed so that the diameter is between 25-28 mm, the battery length is between 70-75 mm, and the battery capacity is between 4.8-7.6 Ah. Specific embodiments of the cylindrical battery cells 150, 154 can be installed in a battery pack, such as one of the battery packs described in this application, so that the battery pack capacity is between 14.4-23 Ah. The cylindrical battery cells 150, 154 can be customized to maximize the battery pack capacity (i.e., maximize the energy density) for a given battery pack size.

[0226] Continue to refer to Fig.12 A specific exemplary embodiment of the cylindrical battery cells 150, 154 is a 21700VX40 battery having a diameter of 21 mm, a longitudinal dimension (also referred to as length) of 70 mm, and a width of 24245 mm. 3 In one embodiment, such cylindrical battery cells 150, 154 or different battery cells can be placed in a battery pack housing having an exemplary length of 186.125 mm, an exemplary width of 86 mm, an exemplary height of 143.6384 mm, and a battery capacity of 1799466 mm. 3 (That is 1799cm 3 and 1.8 L). The following table shows the dimensions listed above: Table 5-1 Table 5-2

[0227] Reference Fig. 20A The battery pack housing 298 may have a length L20 of 151.242 mm, a width W20 of 86 mm, and a height H20 of 119.1798 mm. The battery pack housing 298 may have a length L20 of 151.242 mm, a width W20 of 86 mm, and a height H20 of 119.1798 mm. 3 (i.e. 1200cm 3 and 1.2L) of internal volume 302 ( Figures 20B-20F ). The following table lists these dimensions for the battery pack housing 298. Table 6

[0228] The battery pack housing 298 may have an available volume as shown in the following table. Table 7 <![CDATA[mm 3 ]]> <![CDATA[cm 3 ]]> L Available volume: 635715 635.7 0.64

[0229] Reference Fig. 20B The battery pack housing 298 may have a plurality of (particularly five) cylindrical battery cells 306 disposed therein to form a battery pack 310. The cylindrical battery cells 306 may have a battery diameter of 40 mm, a battery length of 70 mm, and a battery width of 87965 mm. 3The battery pack 310 may have a battery volume of 14.5Ah, a battery capacity of 14.5Ah, a battery ACIR of 16.0mohm, and a battery DCIR of 38.9mohm. The battery pack 310 may have a pack capacity of 14.5Ah, an energy of 261Wh, an energy density of 218Wh / L, and a volume filling efficiency of 36.7%. The battery volume is calculated by using a calculation formula for calculating the volume of a cylinder (π×radius 2), which is used in the present disclosure to calculate the battery volume of a cylindrical battery. Each cylindrical battery cell 306 within the battery pack 310 may be connected in series. A battery pack such as the battery pack 310 may be defined by several groups (or in other words, several "rows") of battery cells connected in parallel. In the battery pack 310, since each cylindrical battery cell 306 is connected in series, the entire group of five battery cells 306 may be regarded as a single group or a single "row" of battery cells. In some specific embodiments, the battery cells 306 may have different sizes, shapes, lengths, and / or capacities.

[0230] In some specific embodiments, if the battery capacity of the first cylindrical battery pack of the first battery volume is known, the battery capacity of the second cylindrical battery cell can be calculated by dividing the second battery volume by the first battery volume and multiplying the result by the capacity of the first cylindrical battery cell. This calculation formula can be used in the present disclosure to calculate the battery capacity of the cylindrical battery cell.

[0231] In some specific embodiments, if the battery ACIR of a first cylindrical battery pack of a first battery volume is known, the battery ACIR of a second cylindrical battery cell of a second battery volume can be calculated by dividing the second battery volume by the first battery volume and multiplying the result by the ACIR of the first cylindrical battery cell. This calculation formula can be used in the present disclosure to calculate the battery ACIR of a cylindrical battery cell.

[0232] In some specific embodiments, if the battery DCIR of a first cylindrical battery pack of a first battery volume is known, the battery DCIR of a second cylindrical battery cell of a second battery volume can be calculated by dividing the second battery volume by the first battery volume and multiplying the result by the DCIR of the first cylindrical battery cell. This calculation formula can be used in the present disclosure to calculate the battery DCIR of a cylindrical battery cell.

[0233] The pack capacity can be calculated by multiplying the battery capacity of a certain battery cell in the battery pack by the number of rows of battery cells connected in parallel in the battery pack. This calculation formula can be used to calculate the pack capacity in the present disclosure. In the battery pack 310, for example, since the single cylindrical battery cell 306 has a battery capacity of 14.5 Ah, and only a single row of battery cells is connected in parallel, the battery pack 310 has a pack capacity of 14.5 Ah.

[0234] The battery pack energy (or, for purposes of this disclosure, simply "energy") can be calculated by multiplying the pack capacity (in Ah or "ampere-hours") by the voltage of the battery pack. Generally speaking, in the present disclosure, many of the specific embodiments of the battery pack are 18 volt battery packs, but battery packs of different voltages can also be provided. More specifically, the battery pack embodiment provided by the present disclosure may include five 3.6 volt battery cells connected in series, resulting in a battery pack voltage of 5×3.6 volts=18 volts. In this way, since the battery pack 310 includes five 3.6 volt battery cells connected in series and therefore has a battery pack voltage of 18 volts, the energy of the battery pack 310 is 261Wh.

[0235] The energy density of a battery pack can be calculated by dividing the battery pack energy (or simply "energy") by the internal volume of the battery pack housing. 3 's internal volume, and since the battery pack 310 has an energy of 216Wh, the battery pack 310 has an energy density of 218Wh / L.

[0236] The volumetric filling efficiency (or "volume filling efficiency %)" can be calculated by first calculating the total volume of the battery cells in the battery pack, then dividing the total volume of the battery cells in the battery pack by the internal volume of the battery pack, and then multiplying by 100 to obtain a percentage. For example, the battery pack 310 includes five battery cells 306, each battery cell 306 has a volume of 87965 mm 3 Therefore, the total volume of the battery cells 306 in the battery pack 310 is 439825 mm 3 Since the internal volume of the battery pack housing 298 is 1199909mm 3 , so the volume filling efficiency of the battery pack 310 is 36.7%.

[0237] Reference Fig. 20C The battery pack housing 298 may have a plurality of (especially ten) cylindrical battery cells 314 disposed therein to form a battery pack 318. The cylindrical battery cells 314 may have a battery diameter of 28 mm, a battery length of 70 mm, and a battery width of 43103 mm. 3 The battery pack 318 may have a battery volume of 14.2Ah, a battery capacity of 7.1Ah, a battery ACIR of 7.8mohm, and a battery DCIR of 19.1mohm. The battery pack 318 may have a pack capacity of 14.2Ah, an energy of 256Wh, an energy density of 213Wh / L, and a volumetric filling efficiency of 35.9%. The battery pack 318 may include two groups (or "rows") of battery cells 314 connected in parallel to each other, each row including five battery cells 314 connected in series, each battery cell 314 having a voltage of 3.6 volts.

[0238] Reference Fig.20D The battery pack housing 298 may have a plurality of (especially fifteen) cylindrical battery cells 322 disposed therein to form a battery pack 326. The cylindrical battery cells 322 may have a battery diameter of 23 mm, a battery length of 70 mm, and a battery width of 290 mm. 3 The battery pack 326 may have a battery volume of 14.4Ah, a battery capacity of 4.8Ah, a battery ACIR of 5.3mohm, and a battery DCIR of 12.9mohm. The battery pack 326 may have a pack capacity of 14.4Ah, an energy of 259Wh, an energy density of 216Wh / L, and a volumetric filling efficiency of 36.4%. The battery pack 326 may include three groups (or "rows") of battery cells 322 connected in parallel to each other, each row including five battery cells 322 connected in series, each battery cell 322 having a voltage of 3.6 volts.

[0239] Reference Fig.20E The battery pack housing 298 may have a plurality of (especially twenty) cylindrical battery cells 330 disposed therein to form a battery pack 334. The cylindrical battery cells 330 may have a battery diameter of 21 mm, a battery length of 70 mm, and a battery width of 24245 mm. 3 The battery pack 334 may have a battery volume of 16.0Ah, a battery capacity of 4.0Ah, a battery ACIR of 4.4mohm, and a battery DCIR of 10.7mohm. The battery pack 334 may have a pack capacity of 16.0Ah, an energy of 288Wh, an energy density of 240Wh / L, and a volumetric filling efficiency of 40.4%. The battery pack 334 may include four groups (or "rows") of battery cells 330 connected in parallel to each other, each row including five battery cells 330 connected in series, and each battery cell 330 having a voltage of 3.6 volts.

[0240] Reference Fig.20F The battery pack housing 298 may have a plurality of (particularly twenty-five) cylindrical battery cells 338 disposed therein to form a battery pack 342. The cylindrical battery cells 338 may have a battery diameter of 17 mm, a battery length of 70 mm, and a battery width of 15889 mm. 3 The battery pack 342 may have a battery volume of 13.1Ah, a battery capacity of 2.6Ah, a battery ACIR of 2.9mohm, and a battery DCIR of 7.0mohm. The battery pack 342 may have a pack capacity of 13.1Ah, an energy of 236Wh, an energy density of 197Wh / L, and a volumetric filling efficiency of 33.1%. The battery pack 342 may include five groups (or "rows") of battery cells 338 connected in parallel to each other, each row including five battery cells 338 connected in series, each battery cell 338 having a voltage of 3.6 volts.

[0241] Certain characteristics of battery packs 310, 318, 326, 334, and 342 are listed in the following table: Table 8-1 Table 8-2 Table 8-3

[0242] Reference Fig.21A The battery pack housing 346 may have a length L21 of 197 mm, a width W21 of 86 mm, and a height H21 of 98 mm. The battery pack housing 346 may have a width L21 of 1238485 mm 3 (i.e. 1238cm 3 and 1.2L) of internal volume 350( Figure 21B-Figure 21F ). The following table lists these dimensions for the battery pack housing 346. Table 9

[0243] The battery pack housing 346 may have an available volume as shown in the following table. Table 10 <![CDATA[mm 3 ]]> <![CDATA[cm 3 ]]> L Available volume: 637209 637.2 0.64

[0244] Reference Fig. 21B The battery pack housing 346 may have a plurality of (particularly five) cylindrical battery cells 354 disposed therein to form a battery pack 358. The cylindrical battery cells 354 may have a battery diameter of 38 mm, a battery length of 70 mm, and a battery width of 79 mm to 88 mm. 3 The battery pack 358 may have a battery volume of 13.1Ah, a battery capacity of 13.1Ah, a battery ACIR of 14.4mohm, and a battery DCIR of 35.1mohm. The battery pack 358 may have a pack capacity of 13.1Ah, an energy of 236Wh, an energy density of 190Wh / L, and a volumetric filling efficiency of 32.1%. Each cylindrical battery cell 354 within the battery pack 358 may be connected in series. In addition, as described herein, a battery pack such as the battery pack 358 may be defined by several groups (or in other words, several "rows") of battery cells connected in parallel. In the battery pack 358, since each cylindrical battery cell 354 is connected in series, the entire group of five battery cells 354 may be considered a single group or a single "row" of battery cells.

[0245] Reference Fig. 21CThe battery pack housing 346 may have a plurality of (especially ten) cylindrical battery cells 362 disposed therein to form a battery pack 366. The cylindrical battery cells 362 may have a battery diameter of 30 mm, a battery length of 70 mm, and a battery width of 49480 mm. 3 The battery pack 366 may have a battery volume of 16.3Ah, a battery capacity of 8.2Ah, a battery ACIR of 9.0mohm, and a battery DCIR of 21.9mohm. The battery pack 366 may have a pack capacity of 16.3Ah, an energy of 294Wh, an energy density of 237Wh / L, and a volumetric filling efficiency of 40.0%. The battery pack 366 may include two groups (or "rows") of battery cells 362 connected in parallel to each other, each row including five battery cells 362 connected in series, each battery cell 362 having a voltage of 3.6 volts.

[0246] Reference Fig.21D The battery pack housing 346 may have a plurality of (especially fifteen) cylindrical battery cells 370 disposed therein to form a battery pack 374. The cylindrical battery cells 370 may have a battery diameter of 23 mm, a battery length of 70 mm, and a battery width of 290 mm. 3 The battery pack 374 may have a battery volume of 14.4Ah, a battery capacity of 4.8Ah, a battery ACIR of 5.3mohm, and a battery DCIR of 12.9mohm. The battery pack 374 may have a pack capacity of 14.4Ah, an energy of 259Wh, an energy density of 209Wh / L, and a volumetric filling efficiency of 35.2%. The battery pack 374 may include three groups (or "rows") of battery cells 370 connected in parallel to each other, each row including five battery cells 370 connected in series, and each battery cell 370 having a voltage of 3.6 volts.

[0247] Reference Fig.21E The battery pack housing 346 may have a plurality of (especially twenty) cylindrical battery cells 378 disposed therein to form a battery pack 382. The cylindrical battery cells 378 may have a battery diameter of 19 mm, a battery length of 70 mm, and a battery width of 19847 mm. 3 The battery pack 382 may have a battery volume of 13.1Ah, a battery capacity of 3.3Ah, a battery ACIR of 3.6mohm, and a battery DCIR of 8.8mohm. The battery pack 382 may have a pack capacity of 13.1Ah, an energy of 236Wh, an energy density of 190Wh / L, and a volumetric filling efficiency of 32.1%. The battery pack 382 may include four groups (or "rows") of battery cells 378 connected in parallel to each other, each row including five battery cells 378 connected in series, each battery cell 378 having a voltage of 3.6 volts.

[0248] Reference Fig.21FThe battery pack housing 346 may have a plurality of (particularly twenty-five) cylindrical battery cells 386 disposed therein to form a battery pack 390. The cylindrical battery cells 386 may have a battery diameter of 17 mm, a battery length of 70 mm, and a battery width of 15889 mm. 3 The battery pack 390 may have a battery volume of 13.1Ah, a battery capacity of 2.6Ah, a battery ACIR of 2.9mohm, and a battery DCIR of 7.0mohm. The battery pack 390 may have a pack capacity of 13.1Ah, an energy of 236Wh, an energy density of 190Wh / L, and a volumetric filling efficiency of 32.1%. The battery pack 390 may include five groups (or "rows") of battery cells 386 connected in parallel to each other, each row including five battery cells 386 connected in series, each battery cell 386 having a voltage of 3.6 volts.

[0249] Certain characteristics of battery packs 358, 366, 374, 382, ​​and 390 are listed in the following table: Table 11-1 Table 11-2 Table 11-3

[0250] Reference Fig.22A The battery pack housing 394 may have a length L22 of 176 mm, a width W22 of 86 mm, and a height H22 of 118 mm. The battery pack housing 394 may have a length L22 of 176 mm, a width W22 of 86 mm, and a height H22 of 118 mm. 3 (i.e. 1381cm 3 and 1.4L) of internal volume 398( Figure 22B-Figure 22F ). The following table lists these dimensions for the battery pack housing 394. Table 12

[0251] The battery pack housing 394 may have an available volume as shown in the following table. Table 13 <![CDATA[MM 3 ]]> <![CDATA[CM 3 ]]> L Available volume: 731537 731.5 0.73

[0252] Reference Fig. 22B The battery pack housing 394 may have a plurality of (particularly five) cylindrical battery cells 402 disposed therein to form a battery pack 406. The cylindrical battery cells 402 may have a battery diameter of 42 mm, a battery length of 70 mm, and a battery width of 96 mm to 81 mm. 3The battery pack 406 may have a battery volume of 16Ah, a battery capacity of 16Ah, a battery ACIR of 17.6mohm, and a battery DCIR of 42.9mohm. The battery pack 406 may have a pack capacity of 16Ah, an energy of 288Wh, an energy density of 209Wh / L, and a volume filling efficiency of 35.1%. Each cylindrical battery cell 402 within the battery pack 406 may be connected in series. In addition, as described in the present application, a battery pack such as the battery pack 406 may be defined by several groups (or in other words, several "rows") of battery cells connected in parallel. In the battery pack 406, since each cylindrical battery cell 402 is connected in series, the entire group of five battery cells 402 may be regarded as a single group or a single "row" of battery cells 402.

[0253] Reference Fig. 22C The battery pack housing 394 may have a plurality of (especially ten) cylindrical battery cells 410 disposed therein to form a battery pack 414. The cylindrical battery cells 410 may have a battery diameter of 30 mm, a battery length of 70 mm, a battery width of 49480 mm, and a battery width of 100 mm. 3 The battery pack 414 may have a battery volume of 16.3Ah, a battery capacity of 8.2Ah, a battery ACIR of 9.0mohm, and a battery DCIR of 21.9mohm. The battery pack 414 may have a pack capacity of 16.3Ah, an energy of 294Wh, an energy density of 213Wh / L, and a volumetric filling efficiency of 35.8%. The battery pack 414 may include two groups (or "rows") of battery cells 410 connected in parallel to each other, each row including five battery cells 410 connected in series, and each battery cell 410 having a voltage of 3.6 volts.

[0254] Reference Fig.22D The battery pack housing 394 may have a plurality of (especially fifteen) cylindrical battery cells 418 disposed therein to form a battery pack 422. The cylindrical battery cells 418 may have a battery diameter of 25 mm, a battery length of 70 mm, and a battery width of 34361 mm. 3 The battery pack 422 may have a battery volume of 17.0Ah, a battery capacity of 5.7Ah, a battery ACIR of 6.2mohm, and a battery DCIR of 15.2mohm. The battery pack 422 may have a pack capacity of 17.0Ah, an energy of 306Wh, an energy density of 222Wh / L, and a volumetric filling efficiency of 37.3%. The battery pack 422 may include three groups (or "rows") of battery cells 418 connected in parallel to each other, each row including five battery cells 418 connected in series, each battery cell 418 having a voltage of 3.6 volts.

[0255] Reference Fig.22EThe battery pack housing 394 may have a plurality of (particularly twenty) cylindrical battery cells 426 disposed therein to form a battery pack 430. The cylindrical battery cells 426 may have a battery diameter of 21 mm, a battery length of 70 mm, and a battery width of 24245 mm. 3 The battery pack 430 may have a battery volume of 16.0Ah, a battery capacity of 4.0Ah, a battery ACIR of 4.4mohm, and a battery DCIR of 10.7mohm. The battery pack 430 may have a pack capacity of 16.0Ah, an energy of 288Wh, an energy density of 209Wh / L, and a volumetric filling efficiency of 35.1%. The battery pack 430 may include four groups (or "rows") of battery cells 426 connected in parallel to each other, each row including five battery cells 426 connected in series, each battery cell 426 having a voltage of 3.6 volts.

[0256] Reference Fig.22F The battery pack housing 394 may have a plurality of (particularly twenty-five) cylindrical battery cells 434 disposed therein to form a battery pack 438. The cylindrical battery cells 434 may have a battery diameter of 18 mm, a battery length of 70 mm, and a battery width of 17813 mm. 3 The battery pack 438 may have a battery volume of 14.7Ah, a battery capacity of 2.9Ah, a battery ACIR of 3.2mohm, and a battery DCIR of 7.9mohm. The battery pack 438 may have a pack capacity of 14.7Ah, an energy of 264Wh, an energy density of 192Wh / L, and a volumetric filling efficiency of 32.2%. The battery pack 438 may include five groups (or "rows") of battery cells 434 connected in parallel to each other, each row including five battery cells 434 connected in series, and each battery cell 434 having a voltage of 3.6 volts.

[0257] Certain characteristics of battery packs 406, 414, 422, 430, and 438 are listed in the following table: Table 14-1 Table 14-2 Table 14-3

[0258] The following table summarizes certain features of the battery packs 310 , 318 , 326 , 334 , 342 , 358 , 366 , 374 , 382 , 390 , 406 , 414 , 422 , 430 , 438 . Table 15

[0259] Reference Figure 22G, which plots volumetric energy density as a function of the number of rows of battery cells connected in parallel for each disclosed embodiment of a battery pack in a battery pack housing 298 , 346 , 394 .

[0260] Reference Fig.22H , which plots pack capacity as a function of the number of rows of battery cells connected in parallel for each disclosed embodiment of a battery pack in a battery pack housing 298 , 346 , 394 .

[0261] Reference Fig.23A The battery pack housing 442 may have a length of 153.3 mm, a width of 86 mm, and a height of 137.6 mm. The battery pack housing 442 may have a length of 1441606 mm, a width of 86 mm, and a height of 137.6 mm. 3 (i.e. 1442cm 3 and 1.44161L) of internal volume 446( Figure 20B-Figure 20F ). The following table lists these dimensions for the battery pack housing 442. Table 16

[0262] Reference Fig. 23B The battery pack housing 442 may have a plurality of (especially five) cylindrical battery cells 450 disposed therein to form a battery pack 454. The cylindrical battery cells 450 may have a battery diameter of 45 mm, a battery length of 70 mm, and a battery width of 111 to 330 mm. 3 The battery pack 454 may have a battery volume of 18.4Ah, a battery capacity of 18.4Ah, a battery ACIR of 20.2mohm, and a battery DCIR of 49.3mohm. The battery pack 454 may have a pack capacity of 18.4Ah, an energy of 331Wh, an energy density of 229Wh / L, and a volumetric filling efficiency of 38.6%. Each cylindrical battery cell 450 within the battery pack 454 may be connected in series. A battery pack such as the battery pack 454 may be defined by several groups (or in other words, several "rows") of battery cells connected in parallel. In the battery pack 454, since each cylindrical battery cell 450 is connected in series, the entire group of five battery cells 450 may be considered a single group or a single "row" of battery cells 450.

[0263] Reference Fig.23C The battery pack housing 442 may have a plurality of (especially ten) cylindrical battery cells 458 disposed therein to form a battery pack 462. The cylindrical battery cells 458 may have a battery diameter of 31 mm, a battery length of 70 mm, a battery width of 52834 mm, and a battery width of 100 mm. 3The battery pack 462 may have a battery volume of 17.4Ah, a battery capacity of 8.7Ah, a battery ACIR of 9.6mohm, and a battery DCIR of 23.4mohm. The battery pack 462 may have a pack capacity of 17.4Ah, an energy of 314Wh, an energy density of 218Wh / L, and a volumetric filling efficiency of 36.6%. The battery pack 462 may include two groups (or "rows") of battery cells 458 connected in parallel to each other, each row including five battery cells 458 connected in series, each battery cell 458 having a voltage of 3.6 volts.

[0264] Reference Fig.23D The battery pack housing 442 may have a plurality of (especially fifteen) cylindrical battery cells 466 disposed therein to form a battery pack 470. The cylindrical battery cells 466 may have a battery diameter of 27 mm, a battery length of 70 mm, and a battery width of 40079 mm. 3 The battery pack 470 may have a battery volume of 19.8Ah, a battery capacity of 6.6Ah, a battery ACIR of 7.3mohm, and a battery DCIR of 17.7mohm. The battery pack 470 may have a pack capacity of 19.8Ah, an energy of 357Wh, an energy density of 248Wh / L, and a volumetric filling efficiency of 41.7%. The battery pack 470 may include three groups (or "rows") of battery cells 466 connected in parallel to each other, each row including five battery cells 466 connected in series, each battery cell 466 having a voltage of 3.6 volts.

[0265] Reference Fig.23E The battery pack housing 442 may have a plurality of (particularly twenty) cylindrical battery cells 474 disposed therein to form a battery pack 478. The cylindrical battery cells 474 may have a battery diameter of 22 mm, a battery length of 70 mm, and a battery width of 26609 mm. 3 The battery pack 478 may have a battery volume of 17.6Ah, a battery capacity of 4.4Ah, a battery ACIR of 4.8mohm, and a battery DCIR of 11.8mohm. The battery pack 478 may have a pack capacity of 17.6Ah, an energy of 316Wh, an energy density of 219Wh / L, and a volumetric filling efficiency of 36.9%. The battery pack 478 may include four groups (or "rows") of battery cells 474 connected in parallel to each other, each row including five battery cells 474 connected in series, each battery cell 474 having a voltage of 3.6 volts.

[0266] Reference Fig.23F The battery pack housing 442 may have a plurality of (particularly twenty-five) cylindrical battery cells 482 disposed therein to form a battery pack 486. The cylindrical battery cells 482 may have a battery diameter of 21 mm, a battery length of 70 mm, and a battery width of 24245 mm. 3The battery pack 486 may have a battery volume of 20.0Ah, a battery capacity of 4.0Ah, a battery ACIR of 4.4mohm, and a battery DCIR of 10.7mohm. The battery pack 486 may have a pack capacity of 20.0Ah, an energy of 360Wh, an energy density of 250Wh / L, and a volumetric filling efficiency of 42.0%. The battery pack 486 may include five groups (or "rows") of battery cells 482 connected in parallel to each other, each row including five battery cells 482 connected in series, each battery cell 482 having a voltage of 3.6 volts.

[0267] Certain characteristics of battery packs 454, 462, 470, 478, and 486 are listed in the following table: Table 17-1 Table 17-2 Table 17-3

[0268] Reference Fig.24A The battery pack housing 490 may have a length L24 of 232.1 mm, a width W24 of 86 mm, and a height H24 of 97.9 mm. The battery pack housing 490 may have a length L24 of 1238485 mm 3 (i.e. 1238cm 3 and 1.2L) of internal volume 494( Figure 24B-Figure 24F ). The following table lists these dimensions of the battery pack housing 490: Table 18

[0269] Reference Fig. 24B The battery pack housing 490 may have a plurality of (particularly five) cylindrical battery cells 498 disposed therein to form a battery pack 502. The cylindrical battery cells 498 may have a battery diameter of 42 mm, a battery length of 70 mm, and a battery width of 96 mm to 81 mm. 3The battery pack 502 may have a battery volume of 16Ah, a battery capacity of 16Ah, a battery ACIR of 17.6mohm, and a battery DCIR of 42.9mohm. The battery pack 502 may have a pack capacity of 16Ah, an energy of 288Wh, an energy density of 194Wh / L, and a volumetric filling efficiency of 32.7%. Each cylindrical battery cell 498 within the battery pack 502 may be connected in series. In addition, as described herein, a battery pack such as the battery pack 502 may be defined by several groups (or in other words, several "rows") of battery cells connected in parallel. In the battery pack 502, since each cylindrical battery cell 498 is connected in series, the entire group of five battery cells 498 may be considered a single group or a single "row" of battery cells 498.

[0270] Reference Fig.24C The battery pack housing 490 may have a plurality of (especially ten) cylindrical battery cells 506 disposed therein to form a battery pack 510. The cylindrical battery cells 506 may have a battery diameter of 31 mm, a battery length of 70 mm, and a battery width of 52834 mm. 3 The battery pack 510 may have a battery volume of 17.4Ah, a battery capacity of 8.7Ah, a battery ACIR of 9.6mohm, and a battery DCIR of 23.4mohm. The battery pack 510 may have a pack capacity of 17.4Ah, an energy of 314Wh, an energy density of 212Wh / L, and a volumetric filling efficiency of 35.7%. The battery pack 510 may include two groups (or "rows") of battery cells 506 connected in parallel to each other, each row including five battery cells 506 connected in series, each battery cell 506 having a voltage of 3.6 volts.

[0271] Reference Fig.24D The battery pack housing 490 may have a plurality of (especially fifteen) cylindrical battery cells 514 disposed therein to form a battery pack 518. The cylindrical battery cells 514 may have a battery diameter of 24 mm, a battery length of 70 mm, and a battery width of 31667 mm. 3 The battery pack 518 may have a battery volume of 15.7Ah, a battery capacity of 5.2Ah, a battery ACIR of 5.7mohm, and a battery DCIR of 14.0mohm. The battery pack 518 may have a pack capacity of 15.7Ah, an energy of 282Wh, an energy density of 190Wh / L, and a volumetric filling efficiency of 32.1%. The battery pack 518 may include three groups (or "rows") of battery cells 514 connected in parallel to each other, each row including five battery cells 514 connected in series, and each battery cell 514 having a voltage of 3.6 volts.

[0272] Reference Fig.24EThe battery pack housing 490 may have a plurality of (especially twenty) cylindrical battery cells 522 disposed therein to form a battery pack 526. The cylindrical battery cells 522 may have a battery diameter of 22 mm, a battery length of 70 mm, and a battery width of 26609 mm. 3 The battery pack 526 may have a battery volume of 17.6Ah, a battery capacity of 4.4Ah, a battery ACIR of 4.8mohm, and a battery DCIR of 11.8mohm. The battery pack 526 may have a pack capacity of 17.6Ah, an energy of 316Wh, an energy density of 213Wh / L, and a volumetric filling efficiency of 35.9%. The battery pack 526 may include four groups (or "rows") of battery cells 522 connected in parallel to each other, each row including five battery cells 522 connected in series, and each battery cell 522 having a voltage of 3.6 volts.

[0273] Reference Fig.24F The battery pack housing 490 may have a plurality of (especially twenty-five) cylindrical battery cells 530 disposed therein to form a battery pack 534. The cylindrical battery cells 530 may have a battery diameter of 19 mm, a battery length of 70 mm, and a battery width of 19847 mm. 3 The battery pack 534 may have a battery volume of 16.4Ah, a battery capacity of 3.3Ah, a battery ACIR of 3.6mohm, and a battery DCIR of 8.8mohm. The battery pack 534 may have a pack capacity of 16.4Ah, an energy of 295Wh, an energy density of 199Wh / L, and a volumetric filling efficiency of 33.5%. The battery pack 534 may include five groups (or "rows") of battery cells 530 connected in parallel to each other, each row including five battery cells 530 connected in series, and each battery cell 530 having a voltage of 3.6 volts.

[0274] Certain characteristics of battery packs 502, 510, 518, 526, and 534 are listed in the following table: Table 18-1 Table 18-2 Table 18-3

[0275] Reference Fig.25A The battery pack housing 538 may have a length L25 of 189.3159204 mm, a width W25 of 86 mm, and a height H25 of 122.1800255 mm. The battery pack housing 538 may have a length L25 of 189.3159204 mm, a width W25 of 86 mm, and a height H25 of 122.1800255 mm. 3 (i.e. 1536cm 3 and 1.5L) of internal volume 542( Figure 25B-Figure 25F). The following table lists these dimensions for the battery pack housing 538. Table 19

[0276] Reference Fig.25B The battery pack housing 538 may have a plurality of (particularly five) cylindrical battery cells 546 disposed therein to form a battery pack 550. The cylindrical battery cells 546 may have a battery diameter of 45 mm, a battery length of 70 mm, and a battery width of 111 to 330 mm. 3 The battery pack 550 may have a battery volume of 18.4Ah, a battery capacity of 18.4Ah, a battery ACIR of 20.2mohm, and a battery DCIR of 49.3mohm. The battery pack 550 may have a pack capacity of 18.4Ah, an energy of 331Wh, an energy density of 215Wh / L, and a volume filling efficiency of 36.3%. Each cylindrical battery cell 546 within the battery pack 550 may be connected in series. In addition, as described in the present application, a battery pack such as the battery pack 550 may be defined by several groups (or in other words, several "rows") of battery cells connected in parallel. In the battery pack 550, since each cylindrical battery cell 546 is connected in series, the entire group of five battery cells 546 may be regarded as a single group or a single "row" of battery cells 546.

[0277] Reference Fig.25C The battery pack housing 538 may have a plurality of (especially ten) cylindrical battery cells 554 disposed therein to form a battery pack 558. The cylindrical battery cells 554 may have a battery diameter of 32 mm, a battery length of 70 mm, and a battery width of 56297 mm. 3 The battery pack 558 may have a battery volume of 18.6Ah, a battery capacity of 9.3Ah, a battery ACIR of 10.2mohm, and a battery DCIR of 24.9mohm. The battery pack 558 may have a pack capacity of 18.6Ah, an energy of 334Wh, an energy density of 218Wh / L, and a volumetric filling efficiency of 36.7%. The battery pack 558 may include two groups (or "rows") of battery cells 554 connected in parallel to each other, each row including five battery cells 554 connected in series, and each battery cell 554 having a voltage of 3.6 volts.

[0278] Reference Fig.25D The battery pack housing 538 may have a plurality of (especially fifteen) cylindrical battery cells 562 disposed therein to form a battery pack 566. The cylindrical battery cells 562 may have a battery diameter of 27 mm, a battery length of 70 mm, and a battery width of 40079 mm. 3The battery pack 566 may have a battery volume of 19.8Ah, a battery capacity of 6.6Ah, a battery ACIR of 7.3mohm, and a battery DCIR of 17.7mohm. The battery pack 566 may have a pack capacity of 19.8Ah, an energy of 357Wh, an energy density of 233Wh / L, and a volumetric filling efficiency of 39.2%. The battery pack 566 may include three groups (or "rows") of battery cells 562 connected in parallel to each other, each row including five battery cells 562 connected in series, each battery cell 562 having a voltage of 3.6 volts.

[0279] Reference Fig.25E The battery pack housing 538 may have a plurality of (especially twenty) cylindrical battery cells 570 disposed therein to form a battery pack 574. The cylindrical battery cells 570 may have a battery diameter of 23 mm, a battery length of 70 mm, and a battery width of 290 mm. 3 The battery pack 570 may have a battery volume of 19.2Ah, a battery capacity of 4.8Ah, a battery ACIR of 5.3mohm, and a battery DCIR of 12.9mohm. The battery pack 574 may have a pack capacity of 19.2Ah, an energy of 345Wh, an energy density of 225Wh / L, and a volumetric filling efficiency of 37.9%. The battery pack 570 may include four groups (or "rows") of battery cells 570 connected in parallel to each other, each row including five battery cells 570 connected in series, and each battery cell 570 having a voltage of 3.6 volts.

[0280] Reference Fig.25F The battery pack housing 538 may have a plurality of (particularly twenty-five) cylindrical battery cells 578 disposed therein to form a battery pack 582. The cylindrical battery cells 578 may have a battery diameter of 19 mm, a battery length of 70 mm, and a battery width of 19847 mm. 3 The battery pack 582 may have a battery volume of 16.4Ah, a battery capacity of 3.3Ah, a battery ACIR of 3.6mohm, and a battery DCIR of 8.8mohm. The battery pack 582 may have a pack capacity of 16.4Ah, an energy of 295Wh, an energy density of 192Wh / L, and a volumetric filling efficiency of 32.3%. The battery pack 582 may include five groups (or "rows") of battery cells 578 connected in parallel to each other, each row including five battery cells 578 connected in series, each battery cell 578 having a voltage of 3.6 volts.

[0281] Certain characteristics of battery packs 550, 558, 566, 574, and 582 are listed in the following table: Table 20-1 Table 20-2 Table 20-3

[0282] The following table summarizes certain features of the battery packs 454 , 462 , 470 , 478 , 486 , 502 , 510 , 518 , 526 , 534 , 550 , 558 , 566 , 574 , 582 . Table 21

[0283] Reference Figure 25G , which plots volumetric energy density as a function of the number of rows of battery cells connected in parallel, where the battery cells are used in various disclosed embodiments of the battery pack in the battery pack housing 442, 490, 538.

[0284] Reference Fig.25H , which plots pack capacity as a function of the number of rows of battery cells connected in parallel for each disclosed embodiment of a battery pack in a battery pack housing 442 , 490 , 538 .

[0285] Reference Fig.26A The battery pack housing 586 may have a length L26 of 151.125 mm, a width W26 of 86 mm, and a height H26 of 161.6798 mm. The battery pack housing 586 may have a length L26 of 151.125 mm, a width W26 of 86 mm, and a height H26 of 161.6798 mm. 3 (i.e. 1715cm 3 and 1.715L) of internal volume 590( Figure 26B-Figure 26F ). These dimensions of the battery pack housing 586 are listed in the following table. Table 22

[0286] Reference Fig.26B The battery pack housing 586 may have a plurality of (particularly five) cylindrical battery cells 594 disposed therein to form a battery pack 598. The cylindrical battery cells 594 may have a battery diameter of 46 mm, a battery length of 70 mm, and a battery width of 116 mm. 3The battery pack 598 may have a battery volume of 19.2Ah, a battery capacity of 19.2Ah, a battery ACIR of 21.1mohm, and a battery DCIR of 51.5mohm. The battery pack 598 may have a pack capacity of 19.2Ah, an energy of 345Wh, an energy density of 201Wh / L, and a volumetric filling efficiency of 33.9%. Each cylindrical battery cell 594 within the battery pack 598 may be connected in series. A battery pack such as the battery pack 598 may be defined by several groups (or in other words, several "rows") of battery cells connected in parallel. In the battery pack 598, since each cylindrical battery cell 594 is connected in series, the entire group of five battery cells 594 may be considered a single group or a single "row" of battery cells 594.

[0287] Reference Fig.26C The battery pack housing 586 may have a plurality of (especially ten) cylindrical battery cells 602 disposed therein to form a battery pack 606. The cylindrical battery cells 602 may have a battery diameter of 35 mm, a battery length of 70 mm, and a battery width of 67347.89251 mm. 3 The battery pack 606 may have a battery volume of 22.2Ah, a battery capacity of 11.1Ah, a battery ACIR of 12.2mohm, and a battery DCIR of 29.8mohm. The battery pack 606 may have a pack capacity of 22.2Ah, an energy of 400Wh, an energy density of 233Wh / L, and a volumetric filling efficiency of 39.3%. The battery pack 606 may include two groups (or "rows") of battery cells 602 connected in parallel to each other, each row including five battery cells 602 connected in series, each battery cell 602 having a voltage of 3.6 volts.

[0288] Reference Fig.26D The battery pack housing 586 may have a plurality of (especially fifteen) cylindrical battery cells 610 disposed therein to form a battery pack 614. The cylindrical battery cells 610 may have a battery diameter of 28 mm, a battery length of 70 mm, a battery width of 43102.65121 mm. 3 The battery pack 614 may have a battery volume of 21.3Ah, a battery capacity of 7.1Ah, a battery ACIR of 7.8mohm, and a battery DCIR of 19.1mohm. The battery pack 614 may have a pack capacity of 21.3Ah, an energy of 384Wh, an energy density of 224Wh / L, and a volumetric filling efficiency of 37.7%. The battery pack 614 may include three groups (or "rows") of battery cells 610 connected in parallel to each other, each row including five battery cells 610 connected in series, and each battery cell 610 having a voltage of 3.6 volts.

[0289] Reference Fig.26EThe battery pack housing 586 may have a plurality of (especially twenty) cylindrical battery cells 618 disposed therein to form a battery pack 622. The cylindrical battery cells 618 may have a battery diameter of 26 mm, a battery length of 70 mm, and a battery width of 37165.04109 mm. 3 The battery pack 622 may have a battery volume of 24.5Ah, a battery capacity of 6.1Ah, a battery ACIR of 6.7mohm, and a battery DCIR of 16.4mohm. The battery pack 622 may have a pack capacity of 24.5Ah, an energy of 441Wh, an energy density of 257Wh / L, and a volumetric filling efficiency of 43.4%. The battery pack 622 may include four groups (or "rows") of battery cells 618 connected in parallel to each other, each row including five battery cells 618 connected in series, each battery cell 618 having a voltage of 3.6 volts.

[0290] Reference Fig.26F The battery pack housing 586 may have a plurality of (especially twenty-five) cylindrical battery cells 626 disposed therein to form a battery pack 630. The cylindrical battery cells 626 may have a battery diameter of 22 mm, a battery length of 70 mm, and a battery width of 26609.28978 mm. 3 The battery pack 630 may have a battery volume of 22.0Ah, a battery capacity of 4.4Ah, a battery ACIR of 4.8mohm, and a battery DCIR of 11.8mohm. The battery pack 630 may have a pack capacity of 22.0Ah, an energy of 395Wh, an energy density of 230Wh / L, and a volumetric filling efficiency of 38.8%. The battery pack 630 may include five groups (or "rows") of battery cells 626 connected in parallel to each other, each row including five battery cells 626 connected in series, each battery cell 626 having a voltage of 3.6 volts.

[0291] Certain characteristics of battery packs 598, 606, 614, 622, and 630 are listed in the following table: Table 23-1 Table 23-2 Table 23-3

[0292] Reference Fig.27A The battery pack housing 634 may have a length of 219.125 mm, a width of 86 mm, and a height of 117.2893 mm. The battery pack housing 634 may have a width of 1753566 mm. 3 (i.e. 1754cm 3and 1.8L) of the internal volume 638. The following table lists these dimensions of the battery pack housing 634. Table 24

[0293] Reference Fig.27B The battery pack housing 634 may have a plurality of (particularly five) cylindrical battery cells 642 disposed therein to form a battery pack 646. The cylindrical battery cells 642 may have a battery diameter of 46 mm, a battery length of 70 mm, and a battery width of 116 mm. 3 The battery pack 646 may have a battery volume of 19.2Ah, a battery capacity of 19.2Ah, a battery ACIR of 21.1mohm, and a battery DCIR of 51.5mohm. The battery pack 646 may have a pack capacity of 19.2Ah, an energy of 345Wh, an energy density of 197Wh / L, and a volume filling efficiency of 33.2%. Each cylindrical battery cell 642 within the battery pack 646 may be connected in series. A battery pack such as the battery pack 646 may be defined by several groups (or in other words, several "rows") of battery cells connected in parallel. In the battery pack 646, since each cylindrical battery cell 642 is connected in series, the entire group of five battery cells 642 may be considered a single group or a single "row" of battery cells 642.

[0294] Reference Fig.27C The battery pack housing 634 may have a plurality of (especially ten) cylindrical battery cells 650 disposed therein to form a battery pack 654. The cylindrical battery cells 650 may have a battery diameter of 36 mm, a battery length of 70 mm, and a battery width of 71251 mm. 3 The battery pack 654 may have a battery volume of 23.5Ah, a battery capacity of 11.8Ah, a battery ACIR of 12.9mohm, and a battery DCIR of 31.5mohm. The battery pack 654 may have a pack capacity of 23.5Ah, an energy of 423Wh, an energy density of 241Wh / L, and a volumetric filling efficiency of 40.6%. The battery pack 654 may include two groups (or "rows") of battery cells 650 connected in parallel to each other, each row including five battery cells 650 connected in series, and each battery cell 650 having a voltage of 3.6 volts.

[0295] Reference Fig.27D The battery pack housing 634 may have a plurality of (especially fifteen) cylindrical battery cells 658 disposed therein to form a battery pack 662. The cylindrical battery cells 658 may have a battery diameter of 28 mm, a battery length of 70 mm, and a battery width of 43103 mm. 3The battery pack 662 may have a battery volume of 21.3Ah, a battery capacity of 7.1Ah, a battery ACIR of 7.8mohm, and a battery DCIR of 19.1mohm. The battery pack 662 may have a pack capacity of 21.3Ah, an energy of 384Wh, an energy density of 219Wh / L, and a volumetric filling efficiency of 36.9%. The battery pack 662 may include three groups (or "rows") of battery cells 658 connected in parallel to each other, each row including five battery cells 658 connected in series, each battery cell 658 having a voltage of 3.6 volts.

[0296] Reference Fig.27E The battery pack housing 634 may have a plurality of (especially twenty) cylindrical battery cells 666 disposed therein to form a battery pack 670. The cylindrical battery cells 666 may have a battery diameter of 24 mm, a battery length of 70 mm, and a battery width of 31667 mm. 3 The battery pack 670 may have a battery volume of 20.9Ah, a battery capacity of 5.2Ah, a battery ACIR of 5.7mohm, and a battery DCIR of 14.0mohm. The battery pack 670 may have a pack capacity of 20.9Ah, an energy of 376Wh, an energy density of 215Wh / L, and a volumetric filling efficiency of 36.1%. The battery pack 670 may include four groups (or "rows") of battery cells 666 connected in parallel to each other, each row including five battery cells 666 connected in series, each battery cell 666 having a voltage of 3.6 volts.

[0297] Reference Fig.27F The battery pack housing 634 may have a plurality of (particularly twenty-five) cylindrical battery cells 674 disposed therein to form a battery pack 678. The cylindrical battery cells 674 may have a battery diameter of 22 mm, a battery length of 70 mm, and a battery width of 26609 mm. 3 The battery pack 678 may have a battery volume of 22.0Ah, a battery capacity of 4.4Ah, a battery ACIR of 4.8mohm, and a battery DCIR of 11.8mohm. The battery pack 678 may have a pack capacity of 22.0Ah, an energy of 395Wh, an energy density of 225Wh / L, and a volumetric filling efficiency of 37.9%. The battery pack 678 may include five groups (or "rows") of battery cells 674 connected in parallel to each other, each row including five battery cells 674 connected in series, and each battery cell 674 having a voltage of 3.6 volts.

[0298] Certain characteristics of battery packs 646, 654, 662, 670, and 678 are listed in the following table: Table 25-1 Table 25-2 Table 25-3

[0299] Reference Fig.28A The battery pack housing 682 may have a length of 186.125 mm, a width of 86 mm, and a height of 143.6384 mm. The battery pack housing 682 may have a length of 1799466 mm, a width of 86 mm, and a height of 143.6384 mm. 3 (i.e. 1799cm 3 and 1.8L) of internal volume 686( Figure 18B-Figure 28F ). The following table lists these dimensions for the battery pack housing 682. Table 26

[0300] Reference Fig.28B The battery pack housing 682 may have a plurality of (particularly five) cylindrical battery cells 690 disposed therein to form a battery pack 694. The cylindrical battery cell 690 may have a battery diameter of 51 mm, a battery length of 70 mm, and a battery width of 142997 mm. 3 The battery pack 694 may have a battery volume of 23.6Ah, a battery capacity of 23.6Ah, a battery ACIR of 26.0mohm, and a battery DCIR of 63.3mohm. The battery pack 694 may have a pack capacity of 23.6Ah, an energy of 425Wh, an energy density of 236Wh / L, and a volumetric filling efficiency of 39.73%. Each cylindrical battery cell 690 within the battery pack 694 may be connected in series. In addition, as described in the present application, a battery pack such as the battery pack 694 may be defined by several groups (or in other words, several "rows") of battery cells connected in parallel. In the battery pack 694, since each cylindrical battery cell 690 is connected in series, the entire group of five battery cells 690 may be regarded as a single group or a single "row" of battery cells 690.

[0301] Reference Fig.28C The battery pack housing 682 may have a plurality of (especially ten) cylindrical battery cells 698 disposed therein to form a battery pack 702. The cylindrical battery cells 698 may have a battery diameter of 34 mm, a battery length of 70 mm, and a battery width of 63554 mm. 3The battery pack 702 may have a battery volume of 21.0Ah, a battery capacity of 10.5Ah, a battery ACIR of 11.5mohm, and a battery DCIR of 28.1mohm. The battery pack 702 may have a pack capacity of 21.0Ah, an energy of 377Wh, an energy density of 210Wh / L, and a volumetric filling efficiency of 35.32%. The battery pack 702 may include two groups (or "rows") of battery cells 698 connected in parallel to each other, each row including five battery cells 698 connected in series, each battery cell 698 having a voltage of 3.6 volts.

[0302] Reference Fig.28D The battery pack housing 682 may have a plurality of (especially fifteen) cylindrical battery cells 706 disposed therein to form a battery pack 710. The cylindrical battery cells 706 may have a battery diameter of 28 mm, a battery length of 70 mm, and a battery width of 43103 mm. 3 The battery pack 710 may have a battery volume of 21.3Ah, a battery capacity of 7.1Ah, a battery ACIR of 7.8mohm, and a battery DCIR of 19.1mohm. The battery pack 710 may have a pack capacity of 21.3Ah, an energy of 384Wh, an energy density of 213Wh / L, and a volumetric filling efficiency of 35.93%. The battery pack 710 may include three groups (or "rows") of battery cells 706 connected in parallel to each other, each row including five battery cells 706 connected in series, each battery cell 706 having a voltage of 3.6 volts.

[0303] Reference Fig.28E The battery pack housing 682 may have a plurality of (especially twenty) cylindrical battery cells 714 disposed therein to form a battery pack 718. The cylindrical battery cells 714 may have a battery diameter of 24 mm, a battery length of 70 mm, and a battery width of 31667 mm. 3 The battery pack 718 may have a battery volume of 20.9Ah, a battery capacity of 5.2Ah, a battery ACIR of 5.7mohm, and a battery DCIR of 14.0mohm. The battery pack 718 may have a pack capacity of 20.9Ah, an energy of 376Wh, an energy density of 209Wh / L, and a volumetric filling efficiency of 35.20%. The battery pack 718 may include four groups (or "rows") of battery cells 714 connected in parallel to each other, each row including five battery cells 714 connected in series, and each battery cell 714 having a voltage of 3.6 volts.

[0304] Reference Fig.28F The battery pack housing 682 may have a plurality of (particularly twenty-five) cylindrical battery cells 722 disposed therein to form a battery pack 726. The cylindrical battery cells 722 may have a battery diameter of 22 mm, a battery length of 70 mm, and a battery width of 26609 mm. 3The battery pack 726 may have a battery volume of 22.0Ah, a battery capacity of 4.4Ah, a battery ACIR of 4.8mohm, and a battery DCIR of 11.8mohm. The battery pack 726 may have a pack capacity of 22.0Ah, an energy of 395Wh, an energy density of 220Wh / L, and a volumetric filling efficiency of 36.97%. The battery pack 726 may include five groups (or "rows") of battery cells 722 connected in parallel to each other, each row including five battery cells 722 connected in series, each battery cell 722 having a voltage of 3.6 volts.

[0305] Certain characteristics of battery packs 694, 702, 710, 718, and 726 are listed in the following table: Table 27-1 Table 27-2 Table 27-3

[0306] The following table summarizes certain features of battery packs 598 , 606 , 614 , 622 , 630 , 646 , 654 , 662 , 670 , 678 , 694 , 702 , 710 , 718 , 726 . Table 28

[0307] Reference Figure 28G , which plots volumetric energy density as a function of the number of rows of battery cells connected in parallel, where the battery cells are used in various disclosed embodiments of the battery pack in the battery pack housing 586, 634, and 682.

[0308] Reference Fig.28H , which plots pack capacity as a function of the number of rows of battery cells connected in parallel for each disclosed embodiment of a battery pack in a battery pack housing 586 , 634 , 682 .

[0309] A method for selecting a battery case and battery cells placed therein comprises the following steps: (1) proposing several possible battery case sizes, (2) proposing several battery cell sizes, (3) calculating the battery energy, battery capacity, volumetric energy density and / or volumetric filling efficiency for different combinations of the proposed battery case sizes and battery cell sizes, and (4) selecting the battery case and the battery cells placed therein by maximizing one or more of the battery energy, battery capacity, volumetric energy density and / or volumetric filling efficiency.

[0310] Reference Fig.29, the first power tool 730 can be selectively and alternately coupled to a plurality of battery packs, such as battery packs 310, 318, 326, 334, 342, 358, 366, 374, 382, ​​390, 406, 414, 422, 430, 438, 454, 462, 470, 478, 486, 502, 510, 518, 526, 534, 550, 558, 566, 574, 582, 598, 606, 614, 622, 630, 646, 654, 662, 670, 678, 694, 702, 710, 718, 726. The second power tool 734 can also be selectively alternately coupled to a plurality of battery packs, such as battery packs 310, 318, 326, 334, 342, 358, 366, 374, 382, ​​390, 406, 414, 422, 430, 438, 454, 462, 470, 478, 486, 502, 510, 518, 526, 534, 550, 558, 566, 574, 582, 598, 606, 614, 622, 630, 646, 654, 662, 670, 678, 694, 702, 710, 718, 726. The battery packs 310, 318, 326, 334, 342, 358, 366, 374, 382, ​​390, 406, 414, 422, 430, 438, 454, 462, 470, 478, 486, 502, 510, 518, 526, 534, 550, 558, 566, 574, 582, 598, 606, 614, 622, 630, 646, 654, 662, 670, 678, 694, 702, 710, 718, 726 can have different shapes (i.e., size specifications). In other words, the power tool system 738 can include a first power tool 730 and a second power tool 734. The power tool system 738 may further include: the power tools 730 and 734 may be coupled to a first battery pack such as the battery pack 310 , a second battery pack such as the battery pack 358 , and a third battery pack such as the battery pack 406 . The present application contemplates many combinations of battery packs and power tools, such as any battery pack 310, 318, 326, 334, 342, 358, 366, 374, 382, ​​390, 406, 414, 422, 430, 438, 454, 462, 470, 478, 486, 502, 510, 518, 526, 534, 550, 558, 566, 574, 582, 598, 606, 614, 622, 630, 646, 654, 662, 670, 678, 694, 702, 710, 718, 726 and any power tool in the power tool system 738.In other words, the first power tool 730 can be selectively coupled to the first battery pack 742 of the first size, the second battery pack 746 of the second size, and the third battery pack 750 of the third size. The second power tool 734 can be selectively coupled to the first battery pack 742, the second battery pack 746, and the third battery pack 750, and the battery packs 742, 746, and 750. In some specific embodiments, the power tool system 738 can include a fourth battery pack of a fourth size and a fifth battery pack of a fifth size, and the fourth battery pack and the fifth battery pack can be selectively coupled to the power tools 730 and 734 alternately.

[0311] Specific embodiments 1. The battery pack includes an outer shell and a plurality of pouch batteries arranged in the outer shell. Each of the plurality of pouch batteries has a first battery end, a second battery end, and a battery side surface arranged between the first battery end and the second battery end. The battery side surface includes a first face, a second face, and a third face. Each of the plurality of pouch batteries has a thickness in a first direction extending between the first battery end and the second battery end, and has a two-dimensional projection in a plane orthogonal to the first direction. At least one pouch battery of the plurality of pouch batteries has a two-dimensional projection that is neither circular nor rectangular. The plurality of pouch batteries are arranged in a first stack, a second stack, and a third stack. The first stack has a first longitudinal axis, the second stack has a second longitudinal axis, and the third stack has a third longitudinal axis. The second longitudinal axis is parallel to the third longitudinal axis, and the first longitudinal axis is perpendicular to the second longitudinal axis and the third longitudinal axis.

[0312] Specific embodiment 2: The battery pack may include a two-dimensional projection defining the outer boundary of the battery side. Specific embodiment 2 may be combined with any specific embodiment such as specific embodiment 1.

[0313] Specific embodiment 3: The battery pack may include a two-dimensional projection having a plurality of flattened edges. Specific embodiment 3 may be combined with any specific embodiment such as specific embodiment 2.

[0314] Specific embodiment 4. The battery pack may include pouch-type batteries, and the pouch-type batteries may each include a two-dimensional projection in a trilobal shape. Specific embodiment 4 may be combined with any specific embodiment such as specific embodiment 3.

[0315] Specific embodiment 5. In a battery pack, a plurality of pouch-type batteries may be arranged in at least one stack, and the at least one stack has a uniform prismatic structure along a first direction. Specific embodiment 5 may be combined with any specific embodiment such as specific embodiment 4.

[0316] Specific embodiment 6. In a battery pack including a plurality of pouch-type batteries, each of the plurality of pouch-type batteries may include a first electrode tab and a second electrode tab. Specific embodiment 6 may be combined with any specific embodiment such as specific embodiment 5.

[0317] Specific embodiment 7. In a battery pack having a pouch-type battery with a first electrode tab and a second electrode tab, the first electrode tab may be disposed on the first surface, and the second electrode tab may be disposed on the second surface. Specific embodiment 7 may be combined with any specific embodiment such as specific embodiment 6.

[0318] Specific embodiment 8. In a battery pack having a battery side surface including a first surface, a second surface and a third surface, the third surface may not include a tab. Specific embodiment 8 may be combined with any specific embodiment such as specific embodiment 7.

[0319] Embodiment 9: In a battery pack, at least a portion of the outer shell can be configured to match the shape of the unified prismatic structure. Embodiment 9 can be combined with any embodiment such as Embodiment 5.

[0320] Specific embodiment 10. In a battery pack, the outer shell may include a male protrusion configured to be received in a female battery socket of a power tool. Specific embodiment 10 may be combined with any specific embodiment such as specific embodiment 9.

[0321] Specific embodiment 11. The battery pack may include a first stack of pouch batteries having a uniform prismatic structure, and a second stack of pouch batteries having a uniform prismatic structure. Each stack may include a first stack face, a second stack face, and a third stack face. Each pouch battery in the first stack shares a first common longitudinal axis. Each pouch battery in the second stack shares a second common longitudinal axis. The stack of pouch batteries may be oriented so that the shortest distance between the first common longitudinal axis and the second common longitudinal axis passes through one of the several stack faces of the first stack and also passes through one of the several stack faces of the second stack. Specific embodiment 11 may be combined with any specific embodiment such as specific embodiment 5.

[0322] Specific embodiment 12. The battery pack may include a first pouch battery and a second pouch battery, each having a uniform prismatic structure and a longitudinal axis. The longitudinal axis of the first pouch battery is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the second pouch battery. The pouch batteries may be oriented so that one of the several faces of the first pouch battery is adjacent to one of the several faces of the second pouch battery. Specific embodiment 12 may be combined with any specific embodiment such as specific embodiment 4.

[0323] Specific embodiment 13. The battery pack may include a first pouch battery and a second pouch battery, each having a uniform prismatic structure and a longitudinal axis. The pouch batteries may be oriented so that the shortest distance between the longitudinal axes of the first pouch battery and the second pouch battery passes through one of the faces of the first pouch battery and also passes through one of the faces of the second pouch battery. Specific embodiment 13 may be combined with any specific embodiment, such as specific embodiment 4.

[0324] Specific embodiment 14. In a battery pack including pouch-type batteries, each of the pouch-type batteries may include a two-dimensional projection, and the two-dimensional projection includes at least five side portions. Specific embodiment 14 may be combined with any specific embodiment including specific embodiment 3.

[0325] Specific embodiment 15. In a battery pack including pouch-type batteries, each of the pouch-type batteries may include a two-dimensional projection, and the two-dimensional projection includes at least six side portions. Specific embodiment 15 may be combined with any specific embodiment including specific embodiment 3.

[0326] Specific embodiment 16. In a battery pack including pouch-type batteries, each of the pouch-type batteries may include a two-dimensional projection, and the two-dimensional projection includes at least seven side portions. Specific embodiment 16 may be combined with any specific embodiment including specific embodiment 3.

[0327] Specific embodiment 17. The battery pack includes a cylindrical pouch battery housed in a battery case, wherein the battery case has a longitudinal axis. The battery case can be formed as a first battery case part and a second battery case part. The first battery case part can have a first battery case end, and the second battery case part can have a second battery case end. The first battery case part can be crimped to the second battery case part at a crimping position. The crimping position can be located between the first battery case end and the second battery case end. The crimping position can extend circumferentially around the cylindrical pouch battery and can be provided with a separator and a gasket.

[0328] Specific embodiment 18. In a battery pack having cylindrical batteries crimped at a crimping position, the crimping position may be at the center of the battery case measured along the longitudinal axis of the battery case. Specific embodiment 18 may be combined with any specific embodiment including specific embodiment 17.

[0329] Specific embodiment 19. In a battery pack having a pouch-type battery housed in a battery case, the pouch-type battery may include a tab. The battery case may include at least one slot in one of a first battery case end and a second battery case end, and the tab protrudes from the at least one slot. Specific embodiment 19 may be combined with any specific embodiment such as specific embodiment 17.

[0330] Specific embodiment 20. A battery pack includes a battery cell having an elongated prismatic structure. The battery cell includes a first end and a second end. One of the plurality of ends may have an electrical connector. The battery cell may include a main body portion arranged between the first end and the second end. The main body portion may include a battery side extending between the first end and the second end. The battery cell may include a longitudinal axis extending between the first end and the second end. The battery side may include a plurality of flat surfaces and may include a plurality of corners.

[0331] Specific embodiment 21. In a battery pack, a plurality of battery cells may be provided in the battery pack and arranged such that the shortest distance between the longitudinal axes of two adjacent battery cells passes through a face of each of the two adjacent battery cells. Specific embodiment 21 may be combined with any specific embodiment such as specific embodiment 20.

[0332] Features of the embodiments disclosed in this application may be mixed and matched between different embodiments.The battery cell disclosed in this application may be a pouch battery.

Claims

1. An electric tool system, comprising: a first battery pack having a first plurality of cylindrical batteries, each of the first plurality of cylindrical batteries having a first size; a second battery pack having a second plurality of cylindrical batteries, each of the second plurality of cylindrical batteries having a second size, at least one of the second sizes being different from a corresponding one of the first sizes; a third battery pack having a third plurality of cylindrical batteries, each of the third plurality of cylindrical batteries having a third size, at least one of the third sizes being different from a corresponding one of the first sizes and a corresponding one of the second sizes; a fourth battery pack having a fourth plurality of pouch cells, each of the fourth plurality of pouch cells having a fourth size, at least one of the fourth sizes being different from a corresponding one of the first sizes, a corresponding one of the second sizes, and a corresponding one of the third sizes; as well as The first battery pack, the second battery pack, the third battery pack and the fourth battery pack can be interchangeably coupled to the electric tool.

2. The electric tool system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each cell in each of the first plurality of cylindrical cells, the second plurality of cylindrical cells, and the third plurality of cylindrical cells has a diameter between 15 mm and 55 mm.

3. The electric tool system according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each cell in each of the first plurality of cylindrical cells, the second plurality of cylindrical cells, and the third plurality of cylindrical cells has a length between 60 mm and 80 mm.

4. The electric tool system according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each cell in each of the first plurality of cylindrical cells, the second plurality of cylindrical cells, and the third plurality of cylindrical cells has an energy density of at least 500 Wh / L.

5. The electric tool system according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each cell in each of the first plurality of cylindrical cells, the second plurality of cylindrical cells, and the third plurality of cylindrical cells has an energy density of at least 580 Wh / L.

6. The electric tool system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first battery pack has a first internal volume, the second battery pack having a second internal volume different from the first internal volume, The third battery pack has a third internal volume different from the first internal volume and the second internal volume, and The fourth battery pack has a fourth internal volume different from the first internal volume, the second internal volume, and the third internal volume.

7. The electric tool system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each cell of the first plurality of cylindrical cells has a diameter of 18 mm and a length of 65 mm.

8. The electric tool system according to claim 6, characterized in that: Each battery of the second plurality of cylindrical batteries has a diameter of 21 mm and a length of 70 mm.

9. The electric tool system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first battery pack has a first shape, the second battery pack having a second shape, The third battery pack has a third shape, and The first shape, the second shape, and the third shape are different from each other.

10. The electric tool system according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one of the first battery pack, the second battery pack, the third battery pack, and the fourth battery pack may have a battery pack energy density of 250 Wh / L or more.

11. The electric tool system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A length of each of the first battery group, the second battery group, the third battery group, and the fourth battery group is different from the length of each of the other battery groups.

12. The electric tool system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A height of each of the first battery group, the second battery group, the third battery group, and the fourth battery group is different from the height of each of the other battery groups.

13. The electric tool system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the first battery pack, the second battery pack, the third battery pack, and the fourth battery pack has a different battery pack capacity.

14. The electric tool system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the first battery group, the second battery group, the third battery group, and the fourth battery group has a different energy density.

15. An electric tool system, comprising: a first battery pack having a first battery connection interface, the first battery connection interface being coupleable to a power tool, and a first plurality of cylindrical batteries of a first type; a second battery pack having a second battery connection interface, the second battery connection interface being coupleable to the power tool, and a second plurality of cylindrical batteries of a second type, the second type being different from the first type; as well as A third battery pack having a third battery connection interface, the third battery connection interface being coupleable to the power tool, and A third plurality of cylindrical batteries of a third type, the third type being different from the first type and the second type.

16. The electric tool system according to claim 15, characterized in that: The first battery connection interface, the second connection interface and the third connection interface are the same.

17. The electric tool system according to claim 15, characterized in that: Each of the first type, the second type, and the third type includes a diameter, and Each of the first plurality of cylindrical batteries, the second plurality of cylindrical batteries, and the third plurality of cylindrical batteries has a diameter between 15 mm and 55 mm.

18. The electric tool system according to claim 15, characterized in that: Each of the first type, the second type, and the third type includes a length, and A length of each of the first plurality of cylindrical batteries, the second plurality of cylindrical batteries, and the third plurality of cylindrical batteries is between 60 mm and 80 mm.

19. The electric tool system according to claim 15, characterized in that: The first battery pack has a first battery pack capacity, The second battery pack has a second battery pack capacity different from the first battery pack capacity, and The third battery pack has a third battery pack capacity different from the first battery pack capacity and the second battery pack capacity.

20. The power tool system according to claim 15, characterized in that: The first battery pack has a first battery pack energy density, The second battery pack has a second battery pack energy density different from the first battery pack energy density, and The third battery pack has a third battery pack energy density different from the first battery pack energy density and the second battery pack energy density.

21. The electric tool system according to claim 15, characterized in that: Each of the first battery pack energy density, the second battery pack energy density, and the third battery pack energy density is at least 185 Wh / L.

22. A battery pack comprising: a battery pack housing having an interior volume defined therein; a plurality of cylindrical battery cells disposed in the interior volume and electrically connected to each other to power the power tool; as well as Wherein, the battery pack has a battery pack energy density of at least 213Wh / L.

23. The battery pack according to claim 22, characterized in that: The battery pack has an energy density of at least 222Wh / L.

24. The battery pack according to claim 23, characterized in that: The battery pack has an energy density of at least 233 Wh / L.

25. The battery pack according to claim 24, characterized in that: The battery pack has an energy density of at least 241 Wh / L.

26. The battery pack according to claim 25, characterized in that: The battery pack has an energy density of at least 250 Wh / L.

27. The battery pack according to claim 26, characterized in that: The battery pack has an energy density of at least 257 Wh / L.

28. A battery pack comprising: Battery pack housing; A battery connection interface, the battery connection interface being arranged on the battery pack housing; a first battery cell having a first capacity, the first battery cell being electrically connected to the battery connection interface; a second battery unit having a second capacity, the second battery unit being electrically connected to the battery connection interface; as well as The first capacity is different from the second capacity.

29. The battery pack according to claim 28, further comprising a third battery unit having a third capacity, the third battery unit being electrically connected to the battery connection interface, and in, The third capacity is different from the first capacity and the second capacity.

30. The battery pack according to claim 29, characterized in that: The first battery cell, the second battery cell, and the third battery cell have different shapes.

31. The battery pack according to claim 29, characterized in that: The first battery cell, the second battery cell, and the third battery cell have different lengths.

32. The battery pack according to claim 28, characterized in that The first battery cell and the second battery cell are cylindrical battery cells, and The first battery cell and the second battery cell have different diameters.

33. The battery pack according to claim 28, characterized in that The first battery cell is a cylindrical battery cell, and the second battery cell is a pouch-type battery cell.

34. The battery pack according to claim 28, characterized in that The first battery cell and the second battery cell are electrically connected in series.

35. A battery pack comprising: outer shell; A plurality of pouch cells, the plurality of pouch cells being arranged in the outer shell; Each of the plurality of pouch cells has First battery terminal, a second battery terminal, and A battery side surface, the battery side surface is arranged between the first battery end and the second battery end, the battery side surface includes First side, The second side, and The third side, a thickness in a first direction extending between the first battery end and the second battery end, A two-dimensional projection in a plane orthogonal to the first direction, in, At least one of the plurality of pouch cells has a two-dimensional projection that is neither circular nor rectangular, The plurality of pouch cells are arranged in a first stack, a second stack, and a third stack, the first stack having a first longitudinal axis, the second stack having a second longitudinal axis, the third stack having a third longitudinal axis, and The second longitudinal axis is parallel to the third longitudinal axis, and the first longitudinal axis is perpendicular to the second and third longitudinal axes.

36. The battery pack according to claim 35, characterized in that: The two-dimensional projection defines an outer boundary of the battery side.

37. The battery pack according to claim 36, characterized in that: The two-dimensional projection has a plurality of flattened edges.

38. The battery pack according to claim 37, characterized in that: Each of the pouch cells includes a two-dimensional projection in a trilobal shape.

39. The battery pack according to claim 38, characterized in that: The plurality of pouch cells are arranged in at least one stack having a uniform prismatic structure along the first direction.

40. The battery pack according to claim 39, characterized in that Each of the plurality of pouch cells includes a first tab and a second tab.

41. The battery pack according to claim 40, characterized in that The first tab is disposed on the first face, and the second tab is disposed on the second face.

42. The battery pack according to claim 41, characterized in that The third side does not include a tab.

43. The battery pack according to claim 39, characterized in that At least a portion of the outer shell is configured to match the shape of the unified prismatic structure.

44. The battery pack according to claim 43, characterized in that The outer housing includes a male protrusion configured to be received within a female battery receptacle of a power tool.

45. The battery pack according to claim 38, characterized in that The battery pack includes a first pouch cell and a second pouch cell, each having a uniform prismatic structure and a longitudinal axis, The longitudinal axis of the first pouch battery is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the second pouch battery, and The pouch cells are oriented so that one of the faces of the first pouch cell is adjacent to one of the faces of the second pouch cell.

46. ​​The battery pack according to claim 38, characterized in that The battery pack includes a first pouch battery and a second pouch battery, each having a uniform prismatic structure and a longitudinal axis, wherein the pouch batteries are oriented so that the shortest distance between the longitudinal axis of the first pouch battery and the longitudinal axis of the second pouch battery passes through one of several faces of the first pouch battery and also passes through one of several faces of the second pouch battery.

47. The battery pack according to claim 39, characterized in that The battery pack includes a first stack of pouch cells having a uniform prismatic structure and a second stack of pouch cells having a uniform prismatic structure, wherein: Each of the stacks includes a first stack face, a second stack face, and a third stack face, each of the pouch cells in the first stack shares a first common longitudinal axis, Each of the pouch cells in the second stack shares a second common longitudinal axis, and The stack of pouch cells is oriented so that the shortest distance between the first common longitudinal axis and the second common longitudinal axis passes through one of the stacking faces of the first stack and also passes through one of the stacking faces of the second stack.

48. The battery pack according to claim 37, characterized in that Each of the pouch cells includes a two-dimensional projection including at least five sides.

49. The battery pack according to claim 37, characterized in that Each of the pouch cells includes a two-dimensional projection including at least six sides.

50. The battery pack according to claim 37, characterized in that Each of the pouch cells includes a two-dimensional projection including at least seven sides.

51. A battery pack comprising: A cylindrical pouch cell housed in a battery housing having a longitudinal axis, wherein the battery housing is formed into a first battery housing part and a second battery housing part; wherein, The first battery housing part has a first battery housing end, and the second battery housing part has a second battery housing end, The first battery housing part is crimped to the second battery housing part at a crimping position, The crimping position is located between the first battery shell end and the second battery shell end, and The crimping location extends circumferentially around the cylindrical pouch cell and is provided with a separator and a gasket.

52. The battery pack according to claim 51, characterized in that The crimping location is at the center of the battery housing as measured along the longitudinal axis of the battery housing.

53. The battery pack according to claim 51, characterized in that The pouch cell includes a tab, and wherein the battery housing includes at least one slot in one of the first battery housing end and the second battery housing end, the tab protruding from the at least one slot.

54. A battery pack comprising: A battery cell having an elongated prismatic structure; wherein: The battery cell comprises a first end and a second end, one of the ends having an electrical connector, The battery cell includes a body portion disposed between the first end and the second end, The main body portion includes a battery side extending between the first end and the second end, The battery cell includes a longitudinal axis extending between the first end and the second end, The battery side includes a plurality of flat surfaces, and The battery side includes a plurality of corners.

55. The battery pack according to claim 54, characterized in that A plurality of battery cells are disposed within the battery pack and arranged such that a shortest distance between the longitudinal axes of two adjacent battery cells passes through a face of each of the two adjacent battery cells.

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