Modularized vertical greening system on outer wall of building

Abstract

The invention discloses a modularized vertical greening system on a building outer wall. The modularized vertical greening system comprises an outer framework, greening units, water diversion pipes and a control unit. The multiple sets of greening units are installed on the outer framework, the water diversion pipe is sequentially connected with the multiple sets of greening units and used for sewage drainage and discharge, and the control unit adjusts working parameters of the greening units according to surrounding environment changes of the greening units. Each greening unit comprises a cultivation frame, a grid, a drip irrigation pipe, a mounting rod, a plurality of leakage holes distributed in the cultivation frame and a water guide groove; the greening system can be flexibly installed on the outer wall of a building, the vertical space is fully utilized, the urban greening area is increased, and the urban ecological environment is improved. And through the greening units with the adjustable inclination angles, green plants can better receive sunlight and ventilate, and the photosynthesis efficiency and the growth quality are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a vertical greening system for a building, in particular to a modular vertical greening system on an outer wall of a building. Background Art

[0002] Vertical greening system is a greening method corresponding to ground greening, which mainly uses plant materials to climb, fix, plant and hang along the facade of buildings or structures to form vertical greening. This greening method not only beautifies the urban environment, but also brings a variety of ecological and economic benefits.

[0003] With the acceleration of urbanization, urban space is becoming increasingly tight, and the ground greening area is limited, which makes it difficult to meet the growing ecological and landscape needs. At the same time, problems such as urban heat island effect and air pollution are becoming increasingly serious, and there is an urgent need to find new greening methods to improve the urban environment. As an innovative greening method, the modular vertical greening system can make full use of vertical spaces such as building exterior walls, increase urban greening areas, and improve urban ecological environment. In recent years, with the technological progress in related fields such as materials science, botany, and environmental science, the modular vertical greening system has developed rapidly. For example, the application of new lightweight matrix materials, efficient irrigation systems, intelligent control systems and other technologies has made the modular vertical greening system more complete and efficient. At the same time, as people pay more attention to the ecological environment, the modular vertical greening system is becoming more and more widely used in urban planning, architectural design and other fields.

[0004] However, despite the urgent need for urban greening, traditional greening methods have many limitations:

[0005] (1) Traditional greening methods mainly rely on ground space. However, in urban environments, ground space is limited and precious, making it difficult to meet the needs of large-scale greening.

[0006] (2) Traditional irrigation methods often lack precision. The use of extensive irrigation methods not only easily leads to waste of water resources, but may also cause problems such as soil salinization, affecting the normal growth of plants.

[0007] (3) Different green plants have different requirements for their growing environment, including light, temperature, humidity, soil nutrients, etc. Traditional greening methods often adopt unified management measures, which makes it difficult to provide the best growing environment according to the actual needs of green plants, thus affecting the growth quality and landscape effect of green plants.

[0008] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a modular vertical greening system on the exterior wall of a building to solve the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. Summary of the invention

[0009] The present invention overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art and provides a modular vertical greening system on the exterior wall of a building.

[0010] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a modular vertical greening system on the exterior wall of a building, comprising: an exoskeleton, a greening unit, a water diversion pipe and a control unit; the greening unit has multiple groups, and all are installed on the exoskeleton, the water diversion pipe is sequentially connected to the multiple groups of greening units, and is used for sewage drainage and discharge, and the control unit adjusts the working parameters of the greening unit according to the changes in the surrounding environment of the greening unit;

[0011] The greening unit includes a cultivation frame, a grid, a drip irrigation pipe, a mounting rod, a plurality of leakage holes and a water diversion trough distributed on the cultivation frame; the grid is located at the bottom of the cultivation frame, and a gap is left between the grid and the bottom of the cultivation frame for temporarily storing sewage, the leakage hole is connected to the gap, the water diversion trough is located below the leakage hole, the water diversion trough is connected to the water diversion pipe, the drip irrigation pipe is located at the top of the cultivation frame, and is used for irrigating green plants in the greening unit; the cultivation frame and the outer frame are connected by the mounting rod, and the connection between the connecting rod and the outer frame is a movable connection.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a first guide rail is provided at the outer frame, a first rotating shaft is slidably connected in the first guide rail, a second guide rail is provided at the bottom of the cultivation frame, a second rotating shaft is slidably connected in the second guide rail, and a support frame is hinged between the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control unit includes: a power module, an integrated sensor module, a computing module and a driving module; the power module is electrically connected to the integrated sensor module, the computing module and the driving module, the integrated sensor module is used to monitor the changes in the surrounding environment at the greening unit in real time, the computing module is used to obtain the surrounding environment change signal value, and based on the optimal environmental state value, calculate the temperature and humidity difference value, the sunlight coverage difference value and the nutrition difference value; the driving module adjusts the environmental parameters of the greening unit based on the calculation results of the computing module.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a drip irrigation head with adjustable flow rate is provided on the drip irrigation pipe, and the drip irrigation head is connected to the control unit. The control unit automatically adjusts the irrigation amount according to the actual water demand of the green plants and the soil moisture, thereby achieving precise irrigation and reducing water resource waste.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the side wall of the cultivation frame is provided with a transparent observation window, which is made of an anti-ultraviolet material, so that the staff can directly observe the growth of the green plants and the soil state. At the same time, the transparent observation window can be made of an anti-ultraviolet material to protect the green plants from excessive light damage.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the integrated sensor module includes: a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a light intensity sensor and a soil nutrient sensor, which comprehensively monitor the key environmental factors required for the growth of green plants.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are both connected to the driving module, and the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft automatically slide in the first guide rail and the second guide rail under the action of the driving module based on changes in the surrounding environment of the greening unit.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a filter is provided at the connection between the water diversion trough and the water diversion pipe, which is used to filter impurities in the sewage flowing out of the greening unit to prevent the pipe from being blocked. At the same time, the filtered water can be recycled for irrigation to improve the utilization rate of water resources.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control unit is also integrated with a remote communication module, which is connected to a smart phone, a tablet computer or a cloud server via a wireless network to achieve remote monitoring and control. The user can check the growth status of green plants, environmental parameters and system working status at any time, and make remote adjustments to improve management efficiency and convenience.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a replaceable planting matrix layer is provided inside the cultivation frame, and the planting matrix layer is made of a material that retains water, is breathable and rich in nutrients.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the support frame is an adjustable length structure, and the length of the support frame is adjusted manually or electrically, so that the greening unit can adjust the inclination angle according to seasonal changes or plant growth requirements to optimize light reception and ventilation conditions.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outer frame is made of light and high-strength materials, such as aluminum alloy or carbon fiber composite materials, which not only ensures the stability and load-bearing capacity of the system, but also reduces the overall weight, making installation and maintenance easier. The outer frame surface is provided with an anti-corrosion coating and waterproof treatment to enhance the durability and adaptability of the system, especially the service life in harsh outdoor environments.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the greening unit also includes an automatic drainage valve, which is arranged at the lowest point of the water diversion trough. When the sewage in the water diversion trough accumulates to a certain amount, the automatic drainage valve opens to discharge the excess sewage into the water diversion pipe, thereby preventing sewage overflow from damaging the exterior wall of the building, while maintaining a suitable environment inside the greening unit.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the computing module also has an intelligent learning function, which collects and analyzes historical data to continuously optimize the adjustment strategies of environmental parameters such as irrigation, lighting, and temperature, thereby achieving more precise environmental control and higher energy efficiency.

[0025] The present invention solves the defects existing in the background technology and has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] (1) The modular vertical greening system provided by the present invention can be flexibly installed on the exterior wall of a building when in use, making full use of vertical space, increasing the urban greening area, and improving the urban ecological environment. In addition, the greening unit with adjustable tilt angle allows green plants to better receive sunlight and ventilation, thereby improving photosynthesis efficiency and growth quality.

[0027] (2) The present invention provides a drip irrigation head with adjustable flow rate on the drip irrigation pipe, which is connected to a control unit, to achieve precise irrigation according to the actual water demand of green plants and soil moisture, thereby reducing water resource waste. In addition, through the water leakage holes and water diversion grooves, excess water can be discharged and recycled in time, further improving the utilization rate of water resources.

[0028] (3) The present invention uses an integrated sensor module to monitor the changes in the surrounding environment of the greening unit in real time, including temperature, humidity, light intensity, and soil nutrients, to provide the best growth environment for green plants. The control unit calculates the environmental difference value based on the sensor data, and automatically adjusts the working parameters of the greening unit through the drive module to achieve intelligent control. At the same time, the remote communication module allows users to check the growth status of green plants and the working status of the system at any time, and perform remote adjustments to improve management efficiency and convenience. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a greening unit in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the greening unit of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 It is the data learning calculation step of the machine learning model of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] In the figure: 1. Exoskeleton; 1.1. First guide rail; 1.2. First rotating shaft; 2. Greening unit; 2.1. Cultivation frame; 2.2. Grid; 2.3. Drip irrigation pipe; 2.4. Mounting rod; 2.5. Leak hole; 2.6. Water channel; 2.7. Second guide rail; 2.8. Second rotating shaft; 3. Water pipe; 4. Support frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0037] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0038] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood by specific circumstances.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, a modular vertical greening system on the exterior wall of a building comprises: an exoskeleton 1, greening units 2, a water diversion pipe 3 and a control unit; the greening units 2 have multiple groups, and are all installed on the exoskeleton 1, the water diversion pipe 3 sequentially connects the multiple groups of greening units 2 for sewage drainage and discharge, and the control unit adjusts the working parameters of the greening units 2 according to the changes in the surrounding environment of the greening units 2;

[0040] The greening unit 2 includes a cultivation frame 2.1, a grid 2.2, a drip irrigation pipe 2.3, a mounting rod 2.4, a plurality of leakage holes 2.5 distributed on the cultivation frame 2.1, and a water diversion trough 2.6; the grid 2.2 is located at the bottom of the cultivation frame 2.1, and a gap is left between the grid 2.2 and the bottom of the cultivation frame 2.1 for temporarily storing sewage, the leakage hole 2.5 is connected to the gap, the water diversion trough 2.6 is located below the leakage hole 2.5, the water diversion trough 2.6 is connected to the water diversion pipe 3, and the drip irrigation pipe 2.3 is located at the top of the cultivation frame 2.1 for irrigation of green plants in the greening unit 2; the cultivation frame 2.1 is connected to the outer frame 1 through the mounting rod 2.4, and the connection between the connecting rod and the outer frame 1 is a movable connection.

[0041] like Figure 2 As shown, the outer frame 1 is provided with a first guide rail 1.1, in which a first rotating shaft 1.2 is slidably connected, a second guide rail 2.7 is provided at the bottom of the cultivation frame 2.1, in which a second rotating shaft 2.8 is slidably connected, and a support frame 4 is hinged between the first rotating shaft 1.2 and the second rotating shaft 2.8.

[0042] like Figure 3 As shown, the drip irrigation pipe 2.3 is provided with a drip irrigation head with adjustable flow rate, which is connected to a control unit, and the irrigation amount is automatically adjusted by the control unit according to the actual water demand of the green plants and the soil moisture. The side wall of the cultivation frame 2.1 is provided with a transparent observation window, which is made of UV-proof material. A filter is provided at the connection between the water diversion trough 2.6 and the water diversion pipe 3, which is used to filter impurities in the sewage flowing out of the greening unit 2. A replaceable planting matrix layer is provided inside the cultivation frame 2.1, and the planting matrix layer is made of a water-retaining, breathable and nutrient-rich material.

[0043] Furthermore, the control unit includes: a power supply module, an integrated sensor module, a computing module and a driving module; the power supply module is electrically connected to the integrated sensor module, the computing module and the driving module, the integrated sensor module is used to monitor the ambient environment changes at the greening unit 2 in real time, the computing module is used to obtain the ambient environment change signal value, and based on the optimal environmental state value, calculate the temperature and humidity difference value, the sunlight coverage difference value and the nutrition difference value; the driving module adjusts the environmental parameters of the greening unit 2 based on the calculation results of the computing module.

[0044] What needs further explanation is that the power module: as the energy source of the entire control unit, the power module is responsible for converting the external input power into the working voltage required by each module and ensuring the stability and reliability of the power supply. It adopts an efficient and energy-saving design to reduce energy consumption and extend the service life of the system.

[0045] Integrated sensor module: This module integrates a variety of high-precision sensors, such as temperature sensors, humidity sensors, light intensity sensors, and soil nutrient sensors, for real-time monitoring of changes in the surrounding environment of the greening unit. These sensors can accurately capture key environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, light intensity, and soil nutrients, providing accurate data support for the calculation module.

[0046] Computing module: The computing module is the brain of the control unit. It receives environmental data from the integrated sensor module and processes and analyzes it. Based on the preset optimal environmental state value, the computing module can calculate the temperature and humidity difference value, sunlight coverage difference value, and nutrition difference value, etc., and provide precise adjustment instructions for the driving module. In addition, the computing module also has an intelligent learning function, which can continuously optimize the adjustment strategy by collecting and analyzing historical data to achieve more accurate environmental control.

[0047] Driver module: The driver module adjusts the environmental parameters of the greening unit according to the instructions of the computing module. It controls the operation of the irrigation system, ventilation equipment, heating / cooling devices, and fill lights to ensure that the green plants are in the best growth environment. The driver module uses an efficient and stable driving circuit that can quickly respond to the instructions of the computing module and achieve precise adjustment.

[0048] like Figure 4 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, a machine learning model is provided in the calculation module for learning and predicting the actual situation of the greening unit. The data learning calculation steps of the machine learning model are:

[0049] S1. Data collection: Collect a large amount of data about the health status of plants and their corresponding environmental conditions. The data includes environmental parameters such as light intensity, temperature, humidity, soil nutrient content, and plant health indicators obtained through visual inspection or other sensors, such as leaf color, growth rate, etc.

[0050] S2. Data preprocessing: Cleaning, standardizing, and feature engineering the data so that the machine learning model can learn patterns in the data more effectively.

[0051] S3. Model selection and training: Select one or more machine learning models, which can be at least one of random forest, support vector machine (SVM), and neural network. Use the preprocessed data to train the model so that the model can learn the relationship between environmental parameters and plant health status.

[0052] S4. Model evaluation and optimization: Evaluate the performance of the model through methods such as cross-validation, and tune the model based on the evaluation results to ensure that the model can maintain a high prediction accuracy on unseen data.

[0053] Embodiment 1

[0054] A commercial building is located in the city center, with an exterior wall area of ​​about 5,000 square meters. It faces four directions: east, south, west, and north. It needs a vertical greening system that can adapt to different lighting conditions of 0-12,000 lux and temperature conditions of -10℃ to 40℃ to enhance the aesthetics and ecological value of the building.

[0055] Exoskeleton: Made of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy, the surface is sprayed with fluorocarbon paint for anti-corrosion coating and waterproof treatment, with a thickness of 2mm to ensure stability and durability under long-term use.

[0056] Greening unit: divided into 50 modules, each module is 1m×1m in size, including cultivation frame, grid, drip irrigation pipe, among which, the drip irrigation head spacing is 20cm, the flow rate can be adjusted within the range of 0-50L / h, the leakage hole diameter is 10mm, the spacing is 20cm, the water channel width is 50mm, and the depth is 30mm. The cultivation frame is equipped with a replaceable planting matrix layer of 20cm thick, which is made of coconut bran, perlite and organic fertilizer, and is planted with ivy, creeper and spider plant suitable for the local climate.

[0057] Water pipe: Made of PVC material, 50mm in diameter, arranged vertically along the outer wall, with a water pipe interface set up for every 10 greening units.

[0058] Control unit: installed on the first floor of the building, connected to each greening unit through the LoRa wireless communication module, with a communication distance of up to 1km.

[0059] Integrated sensor module: including DS18B20 temperature sensor with an accuracy of ±0.5℃, DHT11 humidity sensor with an accuracy of ±5%RH, TSL2561 light intensity sensor with an accuracy of ±20%, soil nutrient sensor for measuring N, P, and K content with an accuracy of ±10%, and real-time monitoring of the green plant growth environment.

[0060] Calculation module: Using STM32 microcontroller, according to the sensor data, calculate the temperature and humidity difference, sunlight coverage difference and nutrition difference every 5 minutes, and generate adjustment instructions.

[0061] Driving module: including electric push rod, used to adjust the position of greening unit, with a stroke of 100mm and a thrust of 50N; stepper motor, used to adjust the flow of drip irrigation head, with a step angle of 1.8° and adjustable speed; LED fill light with a power of 10W and adjustable color temperature, which can adjust the flow of drip irrigation head, the position and tilt angle of greening unit according to instructions, where the tilt angle ranges from 0-45°, and the fill light intensity.

[0062] The first rail is 10m long with a spacing of 50cm and the second rail is 1m long with a spacing of 20cm. The adjustable support frame has an adjustable length range of 50-100cm. The position and angle of the greening unit can be adjusted automatically or manually according to seasonal changes and plant growth requirements. Furthermore, it can be adjusted to a 30° tilt in summer and vertical in winter.

[0063] A filter with a pore size of 1mm and a filtration efficiency of 90% is installed at the connection between the water trough and the water pipe to filter out impurities in the sewage flowing out of the greening unit. The filtered water is collected in an underground water storage tank with a capacity of 10 cubic meters and lifted to the irrigation system by a booster pump. It is recycled for irrigation, increasing the water resource utilization rate to 80%.

[0064] Users can check the growth status of green plants, environmental parameters (temperature, humidity, light intensity, soil nutrients) and system working status (drip head flow, greening unit location, supplementary light intensity) at any time through a dedicated APP on a smartphone or tablet.

[0065] The remote control function allows users to adjust parameters as needed, such as setting drip irrigation cycles, adjusting lighting time, etc., to improve management efficiency and convenience.

[0066] Embodiment 2

[0067] A residential community is located in the suburbs of the city. The outer wall area is about 2,000 square meters. It is mainly oriented to the south and west. Due to the obstruction of surrounding high-rise buildings, there are problems such as insufficient light (average light intensity of 3,000 lux) and poor air circulation. A vertical greening system is needed to improve the microclimate of the community and enhance the quality of life of residents.

[0068] Exoskeleton: density 1.6g / cm 3 , carbon fiber composite material with tensile strength ≥2000MPa, which is both light and strong, suitable for installation on the exterior walls of residential areas, and the outer frame size is a grid structure of 2m×2m.

[0069] Greening unit: It is a small modular structure with a size of 50cm×50cm, which is easy to install and maintain. Each unit contains a cultivation frame, a grid, and a drip irrigation pipe. The drip irrigation head spacing is 10cm, the flow rate can be adjusted within the range of 0-20L / h, the water channel width is 30mm, the depth is 20mm, etc. The cultivation frame is equipped with a replaceable planting matrix layer with a thickness of 15cm, which is a mixture of leaf mold, perlite and slow-release fertilizer, and is used to plant green plants suitable for the local climate and residents' preferences.

[0070] Water pipe: Made of PE material, 32mm in diameter, arranged along the outer wall, with a water pipe interface set up for every 5 greening units.

[0071] Control unit: installed in the residential property management office, connected to each greening unit via RS485 wired communication, with a communication distance of up to 500m. It is also equipped with a WiFi module to achieve remote wireless access.

[0072] Integrated sensor module: including DHT22 temperature sensor and humidity sensor with an accuracy of ±2%RH, BH1750 light intensity sensor with an accuracy of ±10%, soil EC sensor for measuring soil conductivity with an accuracy of ±5%, and real-time monitoring of the green plant growth environment.

[0073] Calculation module: Using Arduino microcontroller, it calculates the environmental difference value every 10 minutes based on sensor data and generates adjustment instructions.

[0074] Driving module: including a servo for adjusting the position of the greening unit, with a rotation angle of 0-90°, a DC motor for adjusting the flow of the drip irrigation head, with an adjustable speed, and an LED plant light with a power of 5W and an adjustable spectrum. The flow of the drip irrigation head, the position and tilt angle of the greening unit are adjusted according to the instructions. Further explanation is the range of the tilt angle of 0-30°, as well as the fill light spectrum.

[0075] The first guide rail is 5m long with a spacing of 30cm, and the second guide rail is 0.5m long with a spacing of 15cm. The position and tilt angle of the greening unit are manually adjusted according to seasonal changes and plant growth requirements. In spring and autumn, it is adjusted to a more vertical angle of 15°, and in summer, it is adjusted to a more inclined angle of 30°.

[0076] A filter with a pore size of 0.5mm and a filtration efficiency of 95% is installed at the connection between the water trough and the water pipe to filter out impurities and collect sewage. The filtered water is used for irrigation of other green areas in the community (such as lawns, flower beds, etc.), increasing the water resource utilization rate to 70%.

[0077] The community property regularly organizes residents to participate in the maintenance and management of green plants (such as watering, pruning, fertilizing, etc.) to enhance residents' environmental awareness and sense of community belonging.

[0078] The greening unit is made of PC board with a light transmittance of ≥90%, and has a UV-proof transparent observation window and a popular science sign to introduce the name, growth habits, ecological value, etc. of the green plants, so that residents can understand the growth process and ecological value of the green plants.

[0079] Residents can check the growth status of green plants and the working status of the system through the community property's APP or WeChat public account, such as drip irrigation cycle, lighting time, etc., and put forward opinions and suggestions. At the same time, the APP also provides functions such as green plant maintenance knowledge Q&A and community greening activity registration to promote interaction and communication among residents.

[0080] When the present invention is used, the exoskeleton is installed on the outer wall of the building as a supporting structure, and is made of light and high-strength materials, with an anti-corrosion coating and waterproof treatment on the surface to ensure the stability and durability of the system. The greening unit is movably connected to the exoskeleton through the mounting rod, and the position can be flexibly adjusted.

[0081] The water diversion pipes are connected to multiple greening units in sequence for drainage and discharge of sewage. The control unit is connected to each greening unit through wires and is responsible for adjusting the working parameters of the greening units.

[0082] The cultivation frame is equipped with a planting matrix layer for growing green plants. The grid is located at the bottom of the cultivation frame, and a gap is left between the bottom of the cultivation frame for temporary storage of sewage. The drip irrigation pipe is located at the top of the cultivation frame, and the drip irrigation head provides precise irrigation for the green plants. The drip irrigation head is connected to the control unit, which automatically adjusts the irrigation amount according to the actual water demand of the green plants and the soil moisture.

[0083] The leak hole is connected to the gap under the grid, so that excess water can flow into the water diversion trough. The water diversion trough is connected to the water diversion pipe to drain and discharge the sewage. A filter is set at the connection between the water diversion trough and the water diversion pipe to filter impurities.

[0084] The integrated sensor module monitors the changes in the surrounding environment of the greening unit in real time, including temperature, humidity, light intensity, soil nutrients, etc. The calculation module obtains the sensor signal value, compares it with the optimal environmental state value, and calculates the temperature and humidity difference value, sunlight coverage difference value, and nutrition difference value.

[0085] The driving module adjusts the environmental parameters of the greening unit according to the results of the calculation module, such as adjusting the flow of the drip irrigation head, controlling the light intensity, etc. The control unit is also integrated with a remote communication module, allowing users to remotely monitor and control through smartphones, tablets or cloud servers.

[0086] The first guide rail and the second guide rail are arranged at the outer frame. The first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft can slide automatically in the guide rail under the action of the driving module, so as to adjust the position and tilt angle of the greening unit. The support frame is an adjustable length structure, and its length can be adjusted manually or electrically to further optimize the light reception and ventilation conditions.

[0087] The computing module has intelligent learning capabilities. By collecting and analyzing historical data, it continuously optimizes the adjustment strategies of environmental parameters such as irrigation, light, and temperature.

[0088] When the sewage in the water diversion trough accumulates to a certain amount, the automatic drain valve opens to discharge the excess sewage into the water diversion pipe to prevent sewage overflow from damaging the exterior walls of the building. The filtered water can be recycled for irrigation to improve the utilization rate of water resources.

[0089] The above is based on the ideal embodiment of the present invention. Through the above description, relevant personnel can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content in the specification, and the technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A modular vertical greening system on the exterior wall of a building, comprising: An exoskeleton, a greening unit, a water diversion pipe, and a control unit; wherein the greening unit has multiple groups, and all are installed on the exoskeleton, the water diversion pipe is sequentially connected to the multiple groups of greening units for drainage and discharge of sewage, and the control unit adjusts the working parameters of the greening unit according to the changes in the surrounding environment of the greening unit; The greening unit includes a cultivation frame, a grid, a drip irrigation pipe, a mounting rod, a plurality of leakage holes and a water diversion trough distributed on the cultivation frame; the grid is located at the bottom of the cultivation frame, and a gap is left between the grid and the bottom of the cultivation frame for temporarily storing sewage, the leakage hole is connected to the gap, the water diversion trough is located below the leakage hole, the water diversion trough is connected to the water diversion pipe, the drip irrigation pipe is located at the top of the cultivation frame, and is used for irrigating green plants in the greening unit; the cultivation frame and the outer frame are connected by the mounting rod, and the connection between the connecting rod and the outer frame is a movable connection.

2. A modular vertical greening system on a building exterior wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer frame is provided with a first guide rail, a first rotating shaft is slidably connected in the first guide rail, a second guide rail is provided at the bottom of the cultivation frame, a second rotating shaft is slidably connected in the second guide rail, and a support frame is hinged between the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft.

3. The modular vertical greening system on the exterior wall of a building according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control unit includes: a power module, an integrated sensor module, a computing module and a driving module; the power module is electrically connected to the integrated sensor module, the computing module and the driving module; the integrated sensor module is used to monitor the changes in the surrounding environment at the greening unit in real time; the computing module is used to obtain the surrounding environment change signal value, and based on the optimal environmental state value, calculate the temperature and humidity difference value, the sunlight coverage difference value and the nutrition difference value; the driving module adjusts the environmental parameters of the greening unit based on the calculation results of the computing module.

4. The modular vertical greening system on the exterior wall of a building according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drip irrigation pipe is provided with a drip irrigation head with adjustable flow rate, and the drip irrigation head is connected to the control unit, and the irrigation amount is automatically adjusted by the control unit according to the actual water demand of the green plants and the soil moisture.

5. A modular vertical greening system on the exterior wall of a building according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The side wall of the cultivation frame is provided with a transparent observation window, and the transparent observation window is made of ultraviolet protection material.

6. The modular vertical greening system on the exterior wall of a building according to claim 3, characterized in that: The integrated sensor module includes: a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a light intensity sensor and a soil nutrient sensor, which comprehensively monitor the key environmental factors required for the growth of green plants.

7. A modular vertical greening system on the exterior wall of a building according to claims 2 and 3, characterized in that: The first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are both connected to the driving module. Under the action of the driving module, the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft automatically slide in the first guide rail and the second guide rail based on changes in the surrounding environment of the greening unit.

8. The modular vertical greening system on the exterior wall of a building according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filter net is provided at the connection between the water diversion trough and the water diversion pipe, which is used to filter impurities in the sewage flowing out of the greening unit.

9. The modular vertical greening system on the exterior wall of a building according to claim 3, characterized in that: The control unit is also integrated with a remote communication module, which is connected to a smart phone, tablet computer or cloud server via a wireless network to achieve remote monitoring and control.

10. The modular vertical greening system on the exterior wall of a building according to claim 1, characterized in that: A replaceable planting matrix layer is arranged inside the cultivation frame, and the planting matrix layer is made of a material that retains water, retains moisture, is breathable and is rich in nutrients.

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