Disease and pest control method in efficient cultivation of pinellia ternate

Abstract

The invention discloses a pest and disease control method in efficient cultivation of pinellia ternate, and relates to the technical field of pinellia ternate cultivation, the pest and disease control method specifically comprises the following steps: before cultivation, uniformly laying plant ash on the surface of soil for cultivating pinellia ternate, and then uniformly spraying 1500 times of 30% hymexazol aqueous solution; soaking the pinellia tuber corms in a compound sterilizing solution; in the early stage of disease occurrence, diseased plants are pulled out in time, lime powder is scattered in diseased holes to prevent spreading, and then a composite sterilization solution is comprehensively sprayed once every 5-7 days and continuously sprayed 3-5 times; in the initial stage of insect pest occurrence, comprehensively spraying the compound sterilizing liquid once every 7-10 days, and continuously spraying for 2-3 times. The pinellia ternate pest control method is efficient, low in toxicity, nuisanceless, free of pollution and good in pest control effect, and pinellia ternate is good in quality and high in yield.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of pinellia cultivation, and in particular to a method for preventing and controlling diseases and insect pests in the efficient cultivation of pinellia. Background Art

[0002] Pinellia is the peeled dried tuber (corm) of the perennial herbaceous plant Pinellia of the Araceae family. It is also known as three-leaf Pinellia, dry Pinellia, three-step jump, three-step fall, and hemp taro. It is widely distributed in the Yangtze River Basin, the Huanghuai River Basin, Northeast my country, North China and other regions. Pinellia is warm in nature, spicy in taste, and toxic. It has the effects of drying dampness and resolving phlegm, relieving adverse effects and stopping vomiting, and eliminating lumps and dispersing lumps. It is mainly used to treat cough and asthma with excessive phlegm, dizziness due to wind phlegm, vomiting and nausea, chest and abdominal distension, and dizziness.

[0003] In recent years, with the increasing demand for Pinellia ternata in domestic and foreign markets, the area of ​​artificial cultivation of Pinellia ternata has also been expanding. However, the occurrence of diseases and insect pests seriously restricts the yield and quality of Pinellia ternata. Common diseases of Pinellia ternata include leaf spot disease, tuber rot disease, virus disease, etc., and common insect pests include aphids, red hawk moth, thrips, etc. Therefore, in the efficient cultivation of Pinellia ternata, the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests is particularly important.

[0004] At present, the pest control of Pinellia ternata mainly relies on chemical drugs. The use of pesticides will not only affect the medicinal properties of Pinellia ternata, but also cause potential harm to human health; long-term abuse will also pollute the environment. Based on this, it is very meaningful to develop an efficient, low-toxic, pollution-free and pollution-free pest control method for the efficient cultivation of Pinellia ternata. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a method for preventing and controlling diseases and insect pests in the efficient cultivation of pinellia ternata.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: The present invention provides a method for controlling pests and diseases in efficient cultivation of Pinellia ternata, and the method for controlling pests and diseases is specifically as follows: Before planting, evenly spread plant ash on the soil surface where the pinellia is planted, and then evenly spray 1500 times diluted 30% oxadipate solution; and soak the pinellia corms in the compound sterilization solution; At the early stage of the disease, pull out the diseased plants in time, and sprinkle lime powder in the diseased holes to prevent the spread, and then spray the compound fungicide solution all over, spray once every 5-7 days, and spray continuously 3-5 times; In the early stage of insect pests, spray the compound fungicide liquid all over the area, spray once every 7-10 days, and spray 2-3 times in succession.

[0007] Furthermore, before cultivation, the amount of wood ash laid is 100-200 kg / mu; the amount of 1500 times diluted 30% oxadiazine aqueous solution sprayed is 2-3 L / mu; and the seed soaking time is 30-40 min.

[0008] Furthermore, the composite bactericidal liquid is composed of 0.05-0.15 parts of amino oligosaccharides, 0.01-0.03 parts of glucan, 0.1-0.5 parts of brassinolide, 8-12 parts of traditional Chinese medicine extract, 0.02-0.06 parts of moonflower extract, and 20-30 parts of water by weight.

[0009] Among them, amino oligosaccharides are both highly effective fungicides and growth regulators. They can induce plant disease resistance, produce immunity and killing effects on a variety of fungi, bacteria and viruses, and also have the effect of improving insecticidal activity and avoidance. Glucan has a good preventive and therapeutic effect on diseases caused by viruses. Brassinolide can not only regulate plant growth, but also enhance plant stress resistance and alleviate the symptoms of crops suffering from diseases, insect pests and drug damage. The ethanol extracts of Erigeron breviscapus, Cinnamon bark, Derris ternata and Buddleija oleifera have antifungal, fungicidal, insecticidal and repellent, insecticidal and antibacterial effects, respectively. Moonflower hormone regulates plant growth and increases yield.

[0010] Furthermore, the raw materials of the traditional Chinese medicine extract are composed of 10-20 parts of Erigeron breviscapus, 5-10 parts of cinnamon bark, 5-10 parts of Derris dahurica, and 2-8 parts of Buddleija chinensis by weight.

[0011] Furthermore, at the early stage of the disease, the spraying amount of the composite fungicide solution is 6-10L / mu each time.

[0012] Furthermore, at the early stage of the pest occurrence, the spraying amount of the composite fungicide solution is 10-20L / mu each time.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: In the present invention, amino oligosaccharides, glucanose, brassinolide, Chinese medicine extract, and moonflower extract are compounded to obtain a composite bactericidal liquid with antibacterial, anti-insect and insecticidal effects; by soaking the pinellia tuber corms in the composite bactericidal liquid, the resistance of the corms to diseases and insect pests can be enhanced, and the growth of the pinellia tuber can be promoted; by timely spraying the composite bactericidal liquid at the early stage of the occurrence of diseases and insect pests, the pathogens and pests on the plants can be effectively killed, the occurrence of various diseases and insect pests can be effectively prevented, and the healthy growth of the pinellia tuber can be ensured. The pinellia tuber disease and insect pest control method of the present invention is efficient, low-toxic, pollution-free, pollution-free, has good disease and insect pest control effects, and makes the pinellia tuber have good quality and high yield. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] In order to make the purpose and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0015] The instruments, reagents, materials, etc. involved in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional instruments, reagents, materials, etc. in the prior art and can be obtained through regular commercial channels. The experimental methods, detection methods, etc. involved in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional experimental methods, detection methods, etc. in the prior art.

[0016] Preparation Example 1 Preparation of Chinese medicine extract: Grind 10 parts of Erigeron breviscapus, 5 parts of cinnamon bark, 5 parts of Derris dahurica and 2 parts of Buddleija chinensis and pass through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain drug powder, add 10 times the mass of 75% ethanol solution to the drug powder, reflux extraction in a 65°C water bath, repeat the extraction 3 times, each extraction for 4 hours, filter to obtain the filtrate after the reflux, recover the ethanol, and obtain the Chinese medicine extract.

[0017] Preparation Example 2 Preparation of Chinese medicine extract: Grind 15 parts of Erigeron breviscapus, 8 parts of cinnamon bark, 8 parts of Derris ternata, and 5 parts of Buddleja herb, and pass through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain drug powder, add 10 times the mass of 75% ethanol solution to the drug powder, reflux extraction in a 65°C water bath, repeat the extraction 3 times, each extraction for 4 hours, filter to obtain the filtrate after the reflux, recover the ethanol, and obtain the Chinese medicine extract.

[0018] Preparation Example 3 Preparation of Chinese medicine extract: Grind 20 parts of Erigeron breviscapus, 10 parts of cinnamon bark, 10 parts of Derris dahurica and 8 parts of Buddleija chinensis and pass through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain drug powder, add 10 times the mass of 75% ethanol solution to the drug powder, reflux extraction in a 65°C water bath, repeat the extraction 3 times, each extraction for 4 hours, filter to obtain the filtrate after the reflux, recover the ethanol, and obtain the Chinese medicine extract.

[0019] Preparation Example 4 Preparation of composite bactericidal liquid: by weight, evenly mix 0.05 parts of amino oligosaccharides, 0.01 parts of glucan, 0.1 parts of brassinolide, 8 parts of the traditional Chinese medicine extract of Preparation Example 1, 0.02 parts of moonflower extract, and 20 parts of water to obtain the composite bactericidal liquid.

[0020] Preparation Example 5 Preparation of composite bactericidal liquid: by weight, evenly mix 0.1 parts of amino oligosaccharides, 0.02 parts of glucan, 0.3 parts of brassinolide, 10 parts of the Chinese medicine extract of Preparation Example 2, 0.04 parts of moonflower extract, and 25 parts of water to obtain the composite bactericidal liquid.

[0021] Preparation Example 6 Preparation of composite bactericidal liquid: by weight, evenly mix 0.15 parts of amino oligosaccharides, 0.03 parts of glucan, 0.5 parts of brassinolide, 12 parts of the Chinese medicine extract of Preparation Example 3, 0.06 parts of moonflower extract, and 30 parts of water to obtain the composite bactericidal liquid.

[0022] Example 1 This embodiment provides a method for controlling pests and diseases in the efficient cultivation of Pinellia ternata, specifically: Before cultivation, evenly spread plant ash on the soil surface where the pinellia is cultivated, with a spreading amount of 100 kg / mu; then evenly spray 30% oxadipate aqueous solution 1500 times, with a spraying amount of 2 L / mu; then soak the pinellia corms in the composite bactericidal solution of Preparation Example 4 for 30 minutes; At the early stage of the disease, pull out the diseased plants in time, and sprinkle lime powder in the diseased holes to prevent the spread, and then spray the compound fungicide solution all over, spray once every 5 days, and spray 3 times in a row, each spraying amount is 6L / mu; In the early stage of insect pests, spray the compound fungicide liquid all over the land, spray once every 7 days, and spray twice in a row, with a spraying volume of 10L / mu each time.

[0023] Example 2 This embodiment provides a method for controlling pests and diseases in the efficient cultivation of Pinellia ternata, specifically: Before cultivation, evenly spread plant ash on the soil surface where the pinellia is cultivated, with a spreading amount of 150 kg / mu; then evenly spray 30% oxadipate aqueous solution 1500 times, with a spraying amount of 2.5 L / mu; then soak the pinellia corms in the composite bactericidal solution of Preparation Example 5 for 35 minutes; At the early stage of the disease, pull out the diseased plants in time, and sprinkle lime powder in the diseased holes to prevent the spread, and then spray the compound fungicide solution all over, spray once every 6 days, spray 4 times in a row, and the spraying amount each time is 8L / mu; In the early stage of insect pests, spray the compound fungicide liquid all over the land, spray once every 8 days, for 3 consecutive times, and the spraying amount each time is 15L / mu.

[0024] Example 3 This embodiment provides a method for controlling pests and diseases in the efficient cultivation of Pinellia ternata, specifically: Before cultivation, evenly spread plant ash on the soil surface where the pinellia is cultivated, with a spreading amount of 200 kg / mu; then evenly spray 30% oxadipate aqueous solution 1500 times, with a spraying amount of 3 L / mu; then soak the pinellia corms in the composite bactericidal solution of Preparation Example 6 for 40 minutes; At the early stage of the disease, pull out the diseased plants in time, and sprinkle lime powder in the diseased holes to prevent the spread, and then spray the compound fungicide liquid all over, spray once every 7 days, spray 5 times in a row, each spraying amount is 10L / mu; In the early stage of insect pests, spray the compound fungicide liquid all over the land, spray once every 10 days, and spray 3 times in a row, with a spraying volume of 20L / mu each time.

[0025] Comparative Example 1 The difference from Example 2 is that before cultivation, the pinellia tuber corms are not soaked in the composite sterilization liquid, and the other methods remain unchanged.

[0026] Comparative Example 2 The difference from Example 2 is that, in the early stage of the disease, the composite bactericidal liquid was not sprayed, and the other methods remained unchanged.

[0027] Comparative Example 3 The difference from Example 2 is that the composite bactericidal liquid is not sprayed at the early stage of the pest occurrence, and the other methods remain unchanged.

[0028] The methods of the above embodiments 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3 were used to control pests and diseases in the efficient cultivation of Pinellia ternata. Each method was used to treat 1 mu of land. The pest and disease conditions of Pinellia ternata were recorded during the process. After the harvest, the yield of fresh Pinellia ternata was counted. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0029] Table 1 Pest and disease situation and yield per mu of Pinellia ternata

[0030] From the results in Table 1, it can be seen that the incidence of diseases and insect pests of the pinellia ternata treated by the control methods of Examples 1 to 3 are significantly lower than those of Comparative Examples 1 to 3. It can be seen that the methods of Examples 1 to 3 can effectively control the occurrence of diseases and insect pests of the pinellia ternata, thereby increasing the yield of the pinellia ternata.

[0031] In summary, the method for preventing diseases and insect pests of Pinellia ternata in this embodiment has good disease and insect pest prevention effects, and promotes high yield and good quality of Pinellia ternata.

[0032] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling pests and diseases in efficient cultivation of Pinellia ternata, characterized in that: The pest control method is specifically: Before planting, evenly spread plant ash on the soil surface where the pinellia is planted, and then evenly spray 1500 times diluted 30% oxadipate solution; and soak the pinellia corms in the compound sterilization solution; At the early stage of the disease, pull out the diseased plants in time, and sprinkle lime powder in the diseased holes to prevent the spread, and then spray the compound fungicide solution all over, spray once every 5-7 days, and spray continuously 3-5 times; In the early stage of insect pests, spray the compound fungicide liquid all over the area, spray once every 7-10 days, and spray 2-3 times in a row.

2. The method for controlling pests and diseases in the efficient cultivation of Pinellia ternata according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before cultivation, the amount of the wood ash spread is 100-200 kg / mu; the amount of 1500 times diluted 30% oxadiazine aqueous solution sprayed is 2-3 L / mu; the seed soaking time is 30-40 min.

3. The method for controlling pests and diseases in the efficient cultivation of Pinellia ternata according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite bactericidal liquid is composed of 0.05-0.15 parts of amino oligosaccharides, 0.01-0.03 parts of glucan, 0.1-0.5 parts of brassinolide, 8-12 parts of traditional Chinese medicine extract, 0.02-0.06 parts of moonflower extract, and 20-30 parts of water by weight.

4. The method for controlling diseases and insect pests in the efficient cultivation of Pinellia ternata according to claim 3, characterized in that: The raw materials of the traditional Chinese medicine extract are composed of 10-20 parts of Erigeron breviscapus, 5-10 parts of cinnamon bark, 5-10 parts of Derris dahurica and 2-8 parts of Buddleija chinensis by weight.

5. The method for controlling diseases and insect pests in the efficient cultivation of Pinellia ternata according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the early stage of the disease, the spraying amount of the compound fungicide solution is 6-10L / mu each time.

6. The method for controlling diseases and insect pests in the efficient cultivation of Pinellia ternata according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the early stage of insect pests, the spraying amount of the compound fungicide solution is 10-20L / mu each time.

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