A filter for efficiently and lowly consuming adsorbing high-risk pollutants in water and a running method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a filter for adsorbing high-risk pollutants in water with high efficiency and low consumption and an operation method thereof. The filter is composed of a detachable water inlet assembly, a coarse filter layer, an adsorption layer, a fine filter layer and a water outlet assembly from bottom to top. A water outlet for discharging clean water and a water injection port for backwashing are arranged on the water outlet assembly. A water inlet for passing in sewage and a sewage discharge port for backwashing are arranged on the water inlet assembly. The water inlet is connected with the water injection port through a three-way pipeline, and a two-way control valve for controlling water supply to the water inlet or the water injection port is arranged on the three-way pipeline. The water inlet and the water injection port are both provided with a one-way valve, and the sewage discharge port is provided with a sewage discharge valve. The filter has low use cost, and any layer of filter element can be replaced alone, so that the utilization rate of each layer of filter element is maximized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water treatment technology, specifically to a filter and its operation method that efficiently and with low energy consumption adsorbs high-risk pollutants in water. Background Technology

[0002] There are many types of high-risk pollutants in water, which pose a serious threat to water quality, aquatic life, and human health. Examples include perfluorinated pollutants, antibiotics, and microplastics, as detailed below:

[0003] 1) Perfluorinated pollutants (PFAS) are extremely stable and can persist in the environment for a long time. They are difficult to degrade naturally, which leads to the widespread distribution of PFAS in water bodies, forming persistent pollution. Furthermore, PFAS are bioaccumulative and can gradually accumulate and amplify in organisms. This means that even if the concentration of PFAS in the environment is very low, it may reach harmful levels in organisms. Long-term exposure to PFAS may damage the human reproductive and endocrine systems and increase the risk of disease.

[0004] 2) When antibiotics enter water bodies, they can have toxic effects on aquatic organisms, affecting their growth, reproduction and ecological balance. Furthermore, long-term exposure to water bodies containing antibiotics can lead to antibiotic resistance in bacteria and other microorganisms, forming drug-resistant bacteria. These drug-resistant bacteria are not only difficult to kill with antibiotics, but may also be transmitted to humans through the food chain, posing a threat to human health.

[0005] 3) Microplastics can harm aquatic organisms, such as causing them to become entangled, suffocate, or be ingested. At the same time, microplastics can also adsorb harmful substances, such as heavy metals and organic pollutants, thus producing a combined toxic effect on aquatic organisms.

[0006] Filters can remove suspended solids, high-risk pollutants, and other toxic and harmful substances from water, and can also provide good feed water quality for subsequent reverse osmosis membranes. However, existing composite filter cartridges are fixed integrated structures, and in many cases, the outer layer is heavily polluted while the inner layer is less polluted. Due to the integrated structure design, the entire cartridge must be replaced. At the same time, existing ordinary filters do not have backwashing functions, while automatic backwashing filters rely on electronic components, which are costly. Therefore, a new type of filter is needed to efficiently and with low consumption adsorb high-risk pollutants in water to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a filter and its operation method for efficiently and with low energy consumption adsorbing high-risk pollutants in water.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention is: a filter for adsorbing high-risk pollutants in water with high efficiency and low consumption. The filter is composed of a detachably connected inlet assembly, a coarse filter layer, an adsorption layer, a fine filter layer, and an outlet assembly from bottom to top. The outlet assembly is provided with an outlet for discharged clean water and an inlet for backwashing. The inlet assembly is provided with an inlet for sewage and a drain outlet for backwashing. The inlet is connected to the inlet via a three-way pipe, and the three-way pipe is provided with a two-way control valve for controlling the water supply to the inlet or the inlet. Both the inlet and the inlet are provided with one-way valves, and the drain outlet is provided with a drain valve.

[0009] Furthermore, the coarse filter layer, adsorption layer, and fine filter layer are all composed of a shell made of transparent hard plastic and a filter element filled in the shell. The upper and lower end faces of the shell are provided with mesh plates, and the mesh plates are provided with clip holes for connecting with adjacent layers by means of rotating buckles.

[0010] Note: The housings of the coarse filter layer, adsorption layer, and fine filter layer are made of transparent hard plastic, such as Clean-PVC, which allows for easy observation of the internal filter element's contamination status. This facilitates timely backwashing or replacement of the filter elements when contamination is observed. Furthermore, the detachable design with rotating clips and locking holes allows for easy disassembly of each filter layer, improving the efficiency of filter element replacement.

[0011] Furthermore, the filter element of the coarse filtration layer is made of SUS304 filter screen with a filtration accuracy of 30~50um; the filter element of the adsorption layer is made of a mixture of activated carbon and water-restricted modified activated carbon in a mass ratio of 1:1~5; and the fine filtration layer is made of PP cotton with a filtration accuracy of 1-5um.

[0012] Note: The coarse filter layer uses a SUS304 filter with a filtration accuracy of 30-50µm. It can intercept larger suspended solids in the initial stage of filtration, protecting the adsorption layer. Secondly, the 50µm filtration accuracy can reduce material loss in the adsorption layer during backwashing. The SUS304 filter has high rigidity and will hardly deform under the weight of the adsorption layer. It can restore most of its filtration effect after on-site cleaning, and the replacement frequency is very low.

[0013] The adsorption layer uses a combination of restricted water modified activated carbon and activated carbon, which has excellent adsorption performance. This combination adsorbs most pollutants in the water and is the most important part of water purification. Because the restricted water activated carbon has a novel hydrophilic adsorption effect, it can be combined with the hydrophobic adsorption effect of activated carbon to achieve rapid and efficient removal of high-risk pollutants. The mass ratio of activated carbon to restricted water activated carbon is 1:1 to 5, which can be changed according to the actual influent water quality, water quality and other requirements.

[0014] The fine filter layer uses PP cotton with a filtration accuracy of 1-5um, which can further intercept small particles while preventing activated carbon from escaping.

[0015] Furthermore, the outlet assembly and the fine filter layer, as well as the coarse filter layer and the inlet assembly, are connected by a relay chamber. The filter is equipped with a frame for suspending the filter, which consists of a top ring, a bottom ring, and several connecting rods connecting the top and bottom rings. The relay chamber is connected to the connecting rods via a connecting block. One end face of the relay chamber has a carrier plate with several fan-shaped openings. The outer side of the carrier plate has a trigger ring groove for extruding and connecting to the interior of the relay chamber using the fine or coarse filter layer. An annular airbag is located within the trigger ring groove. The relay chamber contains a flow control plate rotatably connected to the carrier plate, with a blocking plate corresponding to each fan-shaped opening. The inner wall of the relay chamber has a pneumatic ring groove, with multiple equally spaced baffles and arc-shaped through-slots within it. The blocking plate has a lever for extending into the arc-shaped through-slot. The lever has a strip-shaped airbag between it and one side partition, and an elastic element between it and the other side partition. Each strip-shaped airbag is connected to an annular airbag. The side of the water tank has a water guide port, and the water guide ports of the two water tanks are connected by at least one set of water guide pipes. The middle part of the water guide pipe is a telescopic pipe, and the water guide pipe uses the same filter element as the coarse filter layer, adsorption layer, and fine filter layer from bottom to top. The water tank is slidably connected to the connecting rod through a connecting block, and the connecting rod is provided with a limiting plate for limiting the position. The shell end faces of the fine filter layer and the coarse filter layer are provided with sealing rings that cooperate with the trigger ring groove to squeeze the annular airbag. The middle part of the three-way pipe is a telescopic pipe. The other end face of the water tank is also provided with a mesh plate, and the mesh plate is provided with a buckle hole for connecting to the water inlet assembly or water outlet assembly by means of a rotating buckle.

[0016] Note: Since the filter needs to be shut down when replacing any layer of filter cartridges, this poses certain problems for continuous water treatment. In addition, frequent start-stop of the water pump will also affect the service life of the water pump to some extent. Therefore, in addition to backwashing, we have added a component that allows for quick and convenient replacement of filter cartridges of coarse filtration layer, adsorption layer and / or fine filtration layer without shutting down the filter.

[0017] The water treatment process can continue when the filter cartridges of the coarse filter layer, adsorption layer and / or fine filter layer are replaced by connecting the two water tanks. Furthermore, the connection between the water tank and the fine filter layer or the coarse filter layer does not rely on electronic components. The connection between the water tank and the fine filter layer or the coarse filter layer can be achieved by plugging in the water tank.

[0018] With the aid of the frame, the outlet assembly can be raised and the inlet assembly lowered quickly and easily using the two relay water chambers, thereby replacing the coarse filter layer, adsorption layer and / or fine filter layer.

[0019] Furthermore, the flow control disk and the carrier plate are provided with several magnetic blocks for magnetic positioning, and each fan-shaped opening of the carrier plate is provided with a flow guide block.

[0020] Explanation: The flow control plate and the magnetic blocks on the carrier plate enable the flow control plate to rotate and position itself, thereby improving the efficiency of switching between sealing and opening the relay water chamber. The guide blocks on the water-facing surface of the carrier plate reduce the water resistance in the unopened area of ​​the carrier plate and improve the stability of the relay water chamber operation.

[0021] Furthermore, a first toothed ring is rotatably engaged on the connecting block, and the first toothed ring is threadedly engaged with the internal thread on the connecting rod. Each connecting block is also rotatably engaged with a second toothed ring for simultaneously driving each first toothed ring, and a handle is provided on the outer surface of the second toothed ring.

[0022] Explanation: The first and second toothed rings enable the connecting blocks to rise or fall synchronously, improving operational efficiency and ensuring smoother rise and fall of the water tank. The internal thread design prevents the connecting blocks from sliding, and the handle design makes the second toothed ring easier to rotate.

[0023] Furthermore, the inlet of the water reservoir is equipped with a gate that is controlled by the expansion and contraction of a gate airbag, and the limiting plate is equipped with a trigger airbag that is triggered by the compression of a connecting block. The trigger airbag is connected to the gate airbag through a hose.

[0024] Note: The water inlet needs to be open when replacing any layer of filter cartridge. However, if the water inlet can be closed when there is no need to replace any layer of filter cartridge, this situation can be avoided in order to prevent the use of filter cartridge in the water pipe. This way, the water pipe can only be used as a relay flow path when replacing any layer of filter cartridge.

[0025] By utilizing the combined action of the gate airbag, the gate, and the trigger airbag, the distance between the limit plate and the connecting block can be varied. This distance variation is precisely the node that needs to be closed or opened at the water inlet. Therefore, the above functional requirements can be achieved through the design of the above structure without relying on electronic components.

[0026] The present invention also provides a method for operating the above-mentioned filter, comprising the following steps:

[0027] Step 1: Open the two-way control valve to connect the three-way pipe to the water inlet for water filtration and adsorption treatment. Inject water through the opening of the three-way pipe. The water enters from the water inlet of the water inlet assembly along the three-way pipe and passes through the coarse filter layer, adsorption layer and fine filter layer in sequence under water pressure to complete the coarse filtration, adsorption and fine filtration of the water. Finally, the treated clean water is discharged through the water outlet of the water outlet assembly.

[0028] Step 2: When the filter element becomes contaminated, open the two-way control valve to connect the three-way pipe to the water inlet. At the same time, open the drain valve of the inlet assembly to open the drain port. Water enters from the water inlet of the outlet assembly along the three-way pipe and passes through the fine filter layer, adsorption layer and coarse filter layer in sequence under water pressure to complete the filter element backwashing.

[0029] Description: By using a high-efficiency, low-consumption filter to adsorb high-risk pollutants in water, it is possible to effectively remove suspended solids, high-risk pollutants (such as perfluorinated compounds, microplastics, antibiotics, etc.) and other toxic and harmful substances from water. It can also provide good feed water quality for subsequent reverse osmosis membranes, effectively extending the service life of RO membranes. It is suitable for the adsorption and purification of tap water, surface water, sewage and industrial wastewater.

[0030] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0031] (1) The filter of the present invention, which is highly efficient and low-consumption to adsorb high-risk pollutants in water, can effectively reduce the head loss caused by traditional split filter connection pipelines through the design of coarse filtration + adsorption + fine filtration. At the same time, the filter of the present invention adopts a combination of high efficiency and low cost, and can achieve backwashing by relying on multi-way valves, thus achieving a high degree of matching between efficiency and cost.

[0032] (2) The filter of the present invention has low cost of use for high-efficiency and low-consumption adsorption of high-risk pollutants in water. Any layer of filter element can be replaced individually to maximize the utilization rate of each layer of filter element. At the same time, the filter element of the present invention has a long service life. In daily use, the coarse filter layer is easily contaminated and seriously contaminated. Therefore, a SUS304 filter with a filtration accuracy of about 50um is selected so that most pollutants can be removed during backwashing. Even if there are a small number of pollutants that are difficult to remove, they can be cleaned on the spot by disassembly.

[0033] (3) The filter of the present invention, which is highly efficient and low-consumption for adsorbing high-risk pollutants in water, can perform continuous water treatment operation without stopping the machine when replacing the filter element of the coarse filter layer, adsorption layer and / or fine filter layer through the setting of the relay water chamber, thereby reducing the frequency of water pump start and stop. The setting of two relay water chambers does not rely on electronic components, and the relay water chamber can be connected to the fine filter layer or the coarse filter layer or closed by plugging in.

[0034] (4) By using the filter of the present invention, suspended solids, perfluorinated compounds, microplastics, antibiotics and other toxic and harmful substances in water can be effectively removed, which can meet the adsorption and purification needs of tap water, surface water, sewage and industrial wastewater. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the water flow path during water treatment by the filter of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the water flow path during backwashing of the filter of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the filter in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the water inlet assembly and the water outlet assembly of the filter in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the coarse filter layer structure of the filter of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the adsorption layer structure of the filter of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the fine filtration layer structure of the filter of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating snap-fit ​​structure of the filter of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the filter in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the filter element replacement process in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly relationship between the water tank and the frame of the filter in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the two water tanks of the filter in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the first and second toothed rings of the water tank of the filter in Embodiment 7 of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the water tank structure of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water tank in the open state of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water tank in the closed state of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the water tank of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 18 This is a top view of the water tank structure of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the flow control plate structure of the relay tank of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the annular airbag and strip airbag of the water tank of the present invention;

[0055] Among them, 1-inlet assembly, 11-inlet, 12-drain outlet, 2-coarse filter layer, 3-adsorption layer, 4-fine filter layer, 5-outlet assembly, 51-outlet, 52-inlet, 6-tee pipe, 61-two-way control valve, 7-mesh plate, 71-card hole, 72-rotary buckle, 8-relay tank, 81-carrier plate, 811-fan-shaped opening, 812-guide block, 82-trigger ring groove. 83-Annular airbag, 84-Flow control plate, 841-Blocking plate, 842-Toggle lever, 85-Pneumatic ring groove, 851-Baffle, 852-Arc-shaped through groove, 86-Strip airbag, 87-Elastic element, 88-Water guide, 89-Connecting block, 891-First toothed ring, 892-Second toothed ring, 9-Frame, 91-Top ring, 92-Bottom ring, 93-Connecting rod, 931-Limiting plate, 10-Water guide pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0056] The present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to specific embodiments, so as to better demonstrate the advantages of the present invention.

[0057] Example 1: A filter for efficiently and with low energy consumption adsorbing high-risk pollutants in water, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the filter consists of, from bottom to top, a detachably connected inlet assembly 1, a coarse filter layer 2, an adsorption layer 3, a fine filter layer 4, and an outlet assembly 5. The filter element of the coarse filter layer 2 uses SUS304 filter screen with a filtration accuracy of 40µm; the filter element of the adsorption layer 3 uses a mixture of activated carbon and water-restricted modified activated carbon in a mass ratio of 1:4; the fine filter layer 4 uses PP cotton with a filtration accuracy of 4µm.

[0058] Among them, activated carbon refers to commercially available activated carbon, and confined modified water activated carbon refers to activated carbon modified by confined water enhancement technology. This technology can improve the adsorption efficiency of traditional adsorbent materials for high-risk pollutants in a reagent-free and low-cost manner, providing an effective solution for the efficient removal of high-risk pollutants in water. Confined modified water activated carbon is an existing technology. See: [; Shi, Y., Mu, H., You, J., Han, C., Cheng, H., Wang, J., Hu, H., Ren, H. 2023. Confined water–encapsulated activated carbon for capturing short-chain perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances from drinkingwater. PNAS, 120(27), e2219179120; Sun Y, Yu F, Li C, et al. Nano- / micro-confined water in graphene hydrogel as super adsorbents for waterpurification[J]. Nano-Micro Letters, 2019, 12(1): 2.];

[0059] like Figures 5-8 As shown, the coarse filter layer 2, adsorption layer 3, and fine filter layer 4 are all composed of a shell made of transparent hard plastic and a filter element filled inside the shell. The transparent hard plastic is Clean-PVC, and the upper and lower end faces of the shell are provided with mesh plates 7. Each mesh plate 7 is provided with a locking hole 71 for connecting with adjacent layers using a rotating buckle 72.

[0060] like Figure 3 and 4 As shown, the water outlet assembly 5 is provided with an outlet 51 for clean water discharge and an inlet 52 for backwashing. The water inlet assembly 1 is provided with an inlet 11 for sewage inflow and a drain outlet 12 for backwashing. The inlet 11 is connected to the inlet 52 through a three-way pipe 6, and the three-way pipe 6 is provided with a two-way control valve 61 for controlling the water supply to the inlet 11 or the inlet 52. Both the inlet 11 and the inlet 52 are provided with one-way valves, and the drain outlet 12 is provided with a drain valve. It can be understood that the two-way control valve 61, the one-way valve, and the drain valve are all commercially available valve bodies.

[0061] Example 2: This example discloses an operating method for a filter that efficiently and with low energy consumption adsorbs high-risk pollutants in water. Based on the filter of Example 1, the method includes the following steps:

[0062] Step 1: Open the two-way control valve 61 to connect the three-way pipe 6 to the inlet 11 for water filtration and adsorption treatment. Inject water through the opening of the three-way pipe 6. Figure 1 As shown, water enters from the inlet 11 of the water inlet assembly 1 through the three-way pipe 6, and passes through the coarse filter layer 2, adsorption layer 3 and fine filter layer 4 in sequence under water pressure, completing the coarse filtration, adsorption and fine filtration of the water, and finally the treated clean water is discharged through the outlet 51 of the water outlet assembly 5.

[0063] Step 2: When contamination is observed in the filter elements of the coarse filter layer 2, adsorption layer 3, and fine filter layer 4 through the transparent hard plastic housing, open the two-way control valve 61 to connect the three-way pipe 6 to the water inlet 52, and simultaneously open the drain valve of the water inlet assembly 1 to open the drain port 12. Figure 2 As shown, water enters from the water inlet 52 of the water outlet assembly 5 along the three-way pipe 6, and passes through the fine filter layer 4, adsorption layer 3 and coarse filter layer 2 in sequence under water pressure, completing the filter element backwashing.

[0064] Example 3: This example differs from Example 1 in that, as Figures 9-12 As shown, the water outlet assembly 5 and the fine filter layer 4, and the coarse filter layer 2 and the water inlet assembly 1 are all connected by a relay water tank 8. The filter is provided with a frame 9 for suspending the filter. The frame 9 consists of a top ring 91, a bottom ring 92, and three connecting rods 93 for connecting the top ring 91 and the bottom ring 92. The relay water tank 8 is connected to the connecting rods 93 through a connecting block 89.

[0065] like Figures 14-20As shown, a carrier plate 81 with six fan-shaped openings 811 is provided on one end face of the water tank 8. The fan-shaped openings 811 are evenly distributed at 60° intervals. A trigger ring groove 82 is provided on the outer side of the carrier plate 81 for extrusion by the fine filter layer 4 or the coarse filter layer 2 to connect with the interior of the water tank 8. An annular airbag 83 is provided inside the trigger ring groove 82. A flow control plate 84 rotatably connected to the carrier plate 81 is provided inside the water tank 8. The flow control plate 84 has a blocking plate 841 corresponding to each fan-shaped opening 811. A pneumatic ring groove 85 is provided on the inner wall of the water tank 8. Six partitions 851 and an arc-shaped through groove 852 are evenly spaced inside the pneumatic ring groove 85. The blocking plate 841 has a function for extending into… The arc-shaped through groove 852 has a lever 842. A strip-shaped airbag 86 is provided between the lever 842 and one side partition 851, and an elastic element 87 is provided between the lever 842 and the other side partition 851. Each strip-shaped airbag 86 is connected to an annular airbag 83. A water guide port 88 is provided on the side of the water reservoir 8, and the water guide ports 88 of the two water reservoirs 8 are connected by three sets of water guide pipes 10. The middle part of each water guide pipe 10 is a telescopic pipe, and the filter elements inside the water guide pipe 10, from bottom to top, are the same as those used in the coarse filter layer 2, adsorption layer 3, and fine filter layer 4. The water reservoir 8 is slidably connected to the connecting rod 93 via a connecting block 89, and the connecting rod 93 is provided with a limiting plate 931 for limiting movement.

[0066] like Figure 10 As shown, both the fine filter layer 4 and the coarse filter layer 2 have sealing rings on their shell end faces that cooperate with the trigger ring groove 82 to compress the annular airbag 83. The middle part of the three-way pipe 6 is a telescopic pipe. The other end face of the water tank 8 is also provided with a mesh plate 7, and the mesh plate 7 is provided with a locking hole 71 for connecting to the water inlet assembly 1 or the water outlet assembly 5 using a rotating buckle 72.

[0067] It is understandable that the three sets of water pipes 10 mentioned above can also be equipped with separate valves for control, so that they can be used alternately.

[0068] Example 4: This example discloses an operating method for a filter that efficiently and with low energy consumption adsorbs high-risk pollutants in water. Based on the filter of Example 3, the operating method of Example 2 further includes the following steps:

[0069] Step 3: When the filter element needs to be replaced, use the arc-shaped clamp on the connecting rod 93 to hold the adsorption layer 3, move the water outlet assembly 5 and the water inlet chamber 8 upward along the frame 9, and at the same time move the water inlet assembly 1 and the water inlet chamber 8 downward along the frame 9. Then remove and replace the coarse filter layer 2, the adsorption layer 3, and the fine filter layer 4. Then reset the water outlet assembly 5 and the water inlet chamber 8, and the water inlet assembly 1 and the water inlet chamber 8 to complete the filter element replacement.

[0070] The connection and separation method between the water tank 8 and the fine filter layer 4 or the coarse filter layer 2 is as follows: When the water tank 8 is connected to the fine filter layer 4 or the coarse filter layer 2, the sealing ring enters the trigger ring groove 82 by 3 cm and begins to compress the annular air bladder 83. Under the compression, the annular air bladder 83 causes gas to enter each strip air bladder 86, thereby pushing the lever 842 through the strip air bladder 86 to make the flow control plate 84 overcome the elastic force of the elastic element 87. Here, a spring is used, but it is not limited to this type of elastic material, so that the flow control plate 84 rotates, and then the blocking plate 841 of the flow control plate 84 rotates away from the fan-shaped opening 811, realizing the connection between the water tank 8 and the fine filter layer 4 or the coarse filter layer 2. At this time, since the sealing ring has been pre-sealed and connected with the trigger ring groove 82, no water will flow out when the fan-shaped opening 811 is opened.

[0071] Example 5: This example differs from Example 3 in that, as Figure 19 As shown, both the flow control disk 84 and the carrier plate 81 are equipped with 6 magnetic blocks for magnetic positioning, such as... Figure 16 As shown, each fan-shaped opening 811 of the carrier plate 81 is provided with a flow guide block 812.

[0072] Example 6: This example discloses an operating method for a filter that efficiently and with low energy consumption adsorbs high-risk pollutants in water. Based on the filter of Example 5, and in addition to the operating method of Example 4, it further includes:

[0073] When the flow control plate 84 rotates, there are magnetic attraction points at both the blocked and unblocked fan-shaped openings 811 of the flow control plate 84. This allows for more precise positioning of the rotation angle of the flow control plate 84. At the same time, when water flows through the carrier plate 81, the guide block 812 can reduce the water resistance in the unopened area of ​​the carrier plate, thereby improving the stability of the relay tank operation.

[0074] Example 7: This example differs from Example 3 in that, as... Figure 13 As shown, a first toothed ring 891 is rotatably engaged on the connecting block 89. The first toothed ring 891 is threadedly engaged with the internal thread on the connecting rod 93. Furthermore, a second toothed ring 892 for simultaneously driving each first toothed ring 891 is rotatably engaged on each connecting block 89. A handle is provided on the outer surface of the second toothed ring 892.

[0075] Example 8: This example discloses an operating method for a filter that efficiently and with low energy consumption adsorbs high-risk pollutants in water. Based on the filter of Example 7, and in addition to the operating method of Example 4, it further includes:

[0076] By rotating the second toothed ring 892, each of the first toothed rings 891 rotates, thereby causing the water outlet assembly 5 and the water reservoir 8 to rise / fall, and the water inlet assembly 1 and the water reservoir 8 to rise / fall, under the internal thread transmission between the first toothed ring 891 and the connecting rod 93.

[0077] Example 9: This example differs from Example 3 in that the water inlet 88 of the relay water tank 8 is equipped with a gate that is controlled by the expansion and contraction of a gate airbag. The gate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the water inlet 88. One end of the gate airbag is connected to the inner wall of the water inlet 88, and the other end is connected to the gate. The limiting plate 931 is equipped with a trigger airbag that is triggered by the compression of the connecting block 89. The trigger airbag is connected to the gate airbag through a flexible hose. It can be understood that the flexible hose has a telescopic allowance to meet the distance changes caused by the vertical movement of the relay water tank 8.

[0078] Example 10: This example discloses an operating method for a filter that efficiently and with low energy consumption adsorbs high-risk pollutants in water. Based on the filter of Example 9, and in addition to the operating method of Example 4, it further includes:

[0079] When the connecting block 89 approaches the limiting plate 931, the connecting block 89 begins to squeeze the trigger airbag, causing the gate airbag to expand and push the gate to begin blocking the guide port 88. When the connecting block 89 moves away from the limiting plate 931, the trigger airbag loses the squeezing of the connecting block 89 and is reset by the restoring force of the spring inside the trigger airbag, thereby causing the gate airbag to contract and open the guide port 88.

[0080] Example 11: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the filter element of the coarse filter layer 2 is a SUS304 filter screen with a filtration accuracy of 30µm; the filter element of the adsorption layer 3 is a mixed packing material of activated carbon and water-restricted modified activated carbon in a mass ratio of 1:1; and the fine filter layer 4 is made of PP cotton with a filtration accuracy of 1µm.

[0081] Example 12: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the filter element of the coarse filter layer 2 is a SUS304 filter screen with a filtration accuracy of 50µm; the filter element of the adsorption layer 3 is a mixed packing material of activated carbon and water-restricted modified activated carbon in a mass ratio of 1:5; and the fine filter layer 4 is made of PP cotton with a filtration accuracy of 5µm.

Claims

1. A filter for efficiently and with low energy consumption adsorbing high-risk pollutants in water, characterized in that, The filter consists of a detachable inlet assembly (1), a coarse filter layer (2), an adsorption layer (3), a fine filter layer (4), and an outlet assembly (5) from bottom to top. The outlet assembly (5) is provided with an outlet (51) for clean water discharge and an inlet (52) for backwashing. The inlet assembly (1) is provided with an inlet (11) for sewage inflow and a drain outlet (12) for backwashing. The inlet (11) is connected to the inlet (52) through a three-way pipe (6), and the three-way pipe (6) is provided with a two-way control valve (61) for controlling the water supply to the inlet (11) or the inlet (52). Both the inlet (11) and the inlet (52) are provided with a one-way valve, and the drain outlet (12) is provided with a drain valve. The coarse filter layer (2), adsorption layer (3), and fine filter layer (4) are all made of a shell made of transparent hard plastic and a filter element filled in the shell. The upper and lower end faces of the shell are provided with mesh plates (7). The mesh plates (7) are provided with card holes (71) for connecting with adjacent layers by means of rotating buckles (72). The inlet (11) and the water inlet (52) are provided with one-way valves. The water outlet assembly (5) and the fine filter layer (4), and the coarse filter layer (2) and the water inlet assembly (1) are connected by a relay water tank (8). The filter is provided with a frame (9) for suspending the filter. The frame (9) consists of a top ring (91), a bottom ring (92) and several connecting rods (93) for connecting the top ring (91) and the bottom ring (92). The relay water tank (8) is connected to the connecting rods (93) through a connecting block (89). The water tank (8) has a carrier plate (81) with several fan-shaped openings (811) on one side end face, and the outer side of the carrier plate (81) is provided with a trigger ring groove (82) for extruding and communicating with the inside of the water tank (8) by the fine filter layer (4) or the coarse filter layer (2). The trigger ring groove (82) is provided with an annular airbag (83). The water reservoir (8) is equipped with a flow control plate (84) rotatably connected to the carrier plate (81). The flow control plate (84) has a blocking plate (841) corresponding to the fan-shaped opening (811) one by one. The inner wall of the water reservoir (8) is equipped with a pneumatic ring groove (85). The pneumatic ring groove (85) is equipped with multiple partitions (851) and an arc-shaped through groove (852) at equal intervals. The blocking plate (841) is equipped with a lever (842) for extending into the arc-shaped through groove (852). A strip-shaped airbag (86) is provided between the lever (842) and one side partition (851). An elastic element (87) is provided between the lever (842) and the other side partition (851). Each of the strip-shaped airbags (86) is connected to the ring-shaped airbag (83). The side of the water tank (8) is provided with a water inlet (88), and the water inlets (88) of the two water tanks (8) are connected by at least one set of water pipes (10). The middle part of the water pipe (10) is a telescopic pipe, and the water pipe (10) uses the same filter element as the coarse filter layer (2), adsorption layer (3), and fine filter layer (4) from bottom to top. The water tank (8) is connected to the connecting rod (93) by a connecting block (89) and slides up and down. The connecting rod (93) is provided with a limiting plate (931) for limiting the position. The fine filter layer (4) and the coarse filter layer (2) are provided with sealing rings on the shell end faces that cooperate with the trigger ring groove (82) to squeeze the annular airbag (83). The middle part of the three-way pipe (6) is a telescopic pipe. The other end face of the water tank (8) is also provided with a mesh plate (7), and the mesh plate (7) is provided with a card hole (71) for connecting with the water inlet assembly (1) or the water outlet assembly (5) by means of a rotating buckle (72).

2. The filter for efficiently and with low energy consumption adsorbing high-risk pollutants in water as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The filter element of the coarse filter layer (2) is made of SUS304 filter screen with a filtration accuracy of 30~50um; the filter element of the adsorption layer (3) is made of a mixed packing material composed of activated carbon and water-restricted modified activated carbon in a mass ratio of 1:1~5; the fine filter layer (4) is made of PP cotton with a filtration accuracy of 1-5um.

3. The filter for efficiently and with low energy consumption adsorbing high-risk pollutants in water as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The flow control plate (84) and the carrier plate (81) are provided with a number of magnetic blocks for magnetic positioning, and each fan-shaped opening (811) of the carrier plate (81) is provided with a flow guide block (812).

4. The filter for efficiently and with low energy consumption adsorbing high-risk pollutants in water as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting block (89) is rotatably engaged with a first toothed ring (891), the first toothed ring (891) is threadedly engaged with the internal thread provided on the connecting rod (93), and each connecting block (89) is also rotatably engaged with a second toothed ring (892) for simultaneously driving each first toothed ring (891), and the outer surface of the second toothed ring (892) is provided with a handle.

5. The filter for efficiently and with low energy consumption adsorbing high-risk pollutants in water as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The water inlet (88) of the water relay tank (8) is equipped with a gate that is controlled by the expansion and contraction of the gate airbag, and the limit plate (931) is equipped with a trigger airbag that is triggered by the compression of the gate airbag by the connecting block (89). The trigger airbag is connected to the gate airbag through a hose.

6. The method of operating the filter according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Open the two-way control valve (61) to connect the three-way pipe (6) to the inlet (11) for water filtration and adsorption treatment. Water is injected through the pipe opening of the three-way pipe (6). The water enters from the inlet (11) of the water inlet assembly (1) along the three-way pipe (6). Under the action of water pressure, it passes through the coarse filter layer (2), adsorption layer (3), and fine filter layer (4) in sequence to complete the coarse filtration, adsorption, and fine filtration of the water. Finally, the treated clean water is discharged through the outlet (51) of the water outlet assembly (5). Step 2: When the filter element of the filter becomes contaminated, open the two-way control valve (61) to connect the three-way pipe (6) with the water inlet (52), and at the same time open the drain valve of the water inlet assembly (1) to open the drain outlet (12). Water enters from the water inlet (52) of the water outlet assembly (5) along the three-way pipe (6) and passes through the fine filter layer (4), adsorption layer (3), and coarse filter layer (2) in sequence under water pressure to complete the filter element backwashing.

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