High-temperature turbine tester and testing method

Abstract

A high-temperature turbine tester comprises a heater and a test piece which are connected to a pipeline in series, and further comprises a deformation correction device which is fixedly installed relative to the pipeline and can move in the axial direction of the pipeline relative to the ground. The conduit upstream of the heater is allowed to be pushed to transfer conduit deformation between the heater and the test piece to the conduit upstream of the heater. According to the device, deformation can be transferred from a high-temperature section of the pipeline to a low-temperature section, so that the deformation absorption structure can work under a low-temperature condition, the material cost is reduced, and the test effect is optimized. The invention further provides a high-temperature turbine test method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of aviation engine testing, and in particular relates to a high-temperature turbine tester and a test method. Background Art

[0002] During the design stage of an aircraft engine, a turbine tester is required to perform high-temperature testing on the turbine. During the test, the turbine tester uses a centrifugal compressor to generate high-pressure air and a heater to generate high-temperature air to complete the test. Since the heating temperature of the heater is relatively high, usually above 800k, the test device will have a relatively obvious thermal expansion. When the stress generated by the expansion exceeds a certain limit, there is a risk of equipment damage. At present, in order to eliminate the negative impact of thermal expansion, a long curved airflow pipeline or an additional expansion joint is usually set between the heater and the turbine to be tested to absorb the thermal expansion. However, on the one hand, the high test temperature of the turbine tester leads to a relatively short service life of the expansion joint, which requires frequent replacement and maintenance; on the other hand, the extended airflow pipeline increases heat loss, resulting in a decrease in the temperature of the gas received by the test piece. Furthermore, with the further improvement of engine performance requirements, the operating temperature of the turbine tester needs to be further increased, which makes it more difficult for existing solutions to meet the test requirements. Therefore, it is of great practical value to provide a high-temperature turbine tester that can eliminate the adverse effects of thermal expansion. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high temperature turbine tester which can eliminate the negative impact of thermal expansion. The present invention also provides a high temperature turbine test method.

[0004] According to an embodiment of one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a high-temperature turbine tester, comprising a heater and a test piece connected in series on a pipeline, wherein the device further comprises a deformation correction device, wherein the deformation correction device is fixedly mounted relative to the pipeline and is movable axially along the pipeline relative to the ground to allow axial pushing to be applied to the pipeline upstream of the heater, so as to transfer the deformation of the pipeline between the heater and the test piece to the pipeline upstream of the heater.

[0005] The test device transfers the thermal deformation of the high-temperature pipeline downstream of the heater to the low-temperature pipeline upstream of the heater, thereby avoiding the problem of low service life or temperature loss caused by setting the expansion absorption structure on the high-temperature pipeline.

[0006] Further, in some embodiments, the pipe upstream of the heater is provided with an expansion joint to allow the expansion joint to absorb the deformation of the pipe. The expansion joint is provided on the low-temperature pipe upstream of the heater to effectively increase the service life of the expansion joint and avoid frequent maintenance.

[0007] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the pipe upstream of the heater is provided with a curved section to allow the curved section to absorb the deformation of the pipe. Providing a long curved pipe on the low-temperature pipe upstream of the heater can fully absorb the pipe deformation and avoid the problem of the temperature of the airflow being reduced due to the increase of the pipe.

[0008] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the pipe between the heater and the test piece is configured as a straight pipe, and no expansion joint is provided between the heater and the test piece. The high-temperature pipe is configured as a straight pipe, and the heater and the test piece are placed as close as possible to reduce thermal expansion of the high-temperature pipe and reduce heat loss during transmission.

[0009] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the deformation correction device is installed on the heater to allow the heater to move axially along the pipeline relative to the ground. The deformation correction device allows the heater to move axially with the expansion of the high-temperature pipeline, thereby transferring the deformation to the low-temperature pipeline.

[0010] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the deformation correction device is configured as a slide rail or a pulley.

[0011] Furthermore, when the high temperature turbine tester is in operation, the temperature of the installation position of the expansion joint does not exceed 400 K. The installation position of the expansion joint should be kept at an appropriate distance from the heater to avoid damage caused by excessive temperature.

[0012] According to an embodiment of another aspect of the present invention, a high-temperature turbine test method is provided, the method providing a test piece, a heater and a pipe, the test piece is connected downstream of the heater through the pipe, and during the heating process, the deformation of the pipe between the heater and the test piece is transferred to the pipe upstream of the heater.

[0013] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the method for transferring the thermal deformation of the pipe between the heater and the test piece to the pipe upstream of the heater is to move the heater so that the pipe downstream of the heater stretches axially upstream and the pipe upstream of the heater is compressed.

[0014] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the method adopts the high temperature turbine tester in any of the aforementioned embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high temperature turbine tester in one embodiment;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a proportional medium and high temperature turbine tester.

[0017] The purpose of the above drawings is to explain the present invention in detail so that those skilled in the art can understand the technical concept of the present invention, but it is not intended to limit the present invention. For the sake of simplicity, the above drawings only schematically illustrate the structures related to the technical features of the present invention, and do not strictly follow the actual scale to draw the complete structure and all details. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present invention is further described in detail below through specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The phrase appearing in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it limited to mutually exclusive independent or alternative embodiments. Those skilled in the art should be able to understand that the embodiments herein may be combined with other embodiments without causing structural conflicts.

[0020] In the description of this article, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the technical terms "installed", "connected", "connected" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, which can be a movable connection, a fixed connection or an integral connection. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0021] In the description of this document, terms indicating orientation or positional relationships, such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "horizontal", "vertical", "height", "length", and "width", are intended to accurately describe the embodiments and simplify the description, but are not intended to limit the parts or structures involved to have a specific orientation, be installed or operate in a specific orientation, and should not be construed as a limitation on the embodiments in this document.

[0022] At present, the conventional turbine tester structure is as follows Figure 2As shown, the heater 5 and the test piece 6 are connected in series on the pipeline. The tester generates high-pressure air through the centrifugal compressor 1. The airflow flows through the air intake regulating valve 2 and the flow meter 3 and enters the heater 5. The temperature is about 350K before entering the heater 5, and the temperature can reach above 800K after being heated by the heater 5. Therefore, referring to the airflow direction in the pipeline, the upstream pipeline of the heater 5 is the low-temperature pipeline 11a, and the downstream pipeline of the heater 5 is the high-temperature pipeline 11b. The hot air flow then passes to the test piece 6 for work, and the airflow direction is changed from axial to radial through the volute 7. The hydraulic dynamometer 8 rotates under the drive of the test piece 6, and finally the gas enters the exhaust tower 10 through the exhaust regulating valve 9 for discharge. The high-temperature pipeline 11b will undergo significant thermal expansion when heated, which will cause significant stress to the pipeline and the connection between the pipeline and other components. When the stress exceeds a certain limit, it is easy to cause damage to the test device. Therefore, it is necessary to set a deformation absorption structure to absorb the thermal expansion of the high-temperature pipeline 11b. In some comparative examples, an expansion joint 5 is provided on the high-temperature pipe 11b, and further, part of the pipes in the high-temperature pipe 11b are provided as long bends (not shown), and the deformation caused by the thermal expansion of the high-temperature pipe 11b is absorbed by the natural deformation of the expansion joint 5 and the long bend. However, since the operating temperature of the high-temperature pipe 11b exceeds 800k, the service life of the expansion joint 5 is significantly shortened, and frequent shutdown maintenance or replacement is required, which is not conducive to improving the test efficiency; and the long bend will increase the distance between the heater 5 and the test piece 6, resulting in increased heat loss of the airflow during pipeline transmission, and the temperature of the test piece 6 is reduced, affecting the test results. Furthermore, as the operating temperature of the engine increases, the temperature of the turbine test also needs to be further increased. If the long bend is replaced as a whole with a heat-resistant high-temperature alloy, the manufacturing cost of the test device will increase significantly, which is difficult to accept from a cost perspective.

[0023] In order to solve the above problems, an embodiment of one aspect of the present invention provides a high temperature turbine tester, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 1 In the device, the heater 5 and the test piece 6 are connected in series through the high-temperature pipe 11b, and the pipe is provided with a deformation correction device 12, which is fixedly installed relative to the pipe and can move relative to the ground along the axial direction of the pipe, so that the high-temperature pipe 11b can be axially stretched when it is heated and expands, and pushes the upstream low-temperature pipe 11a, thereby transferring the deformation caused by the thermal expansion from the high-temperature pipe 11b to the low-temperature pipe 11a, so that the deformation absorption structure can be arranged on the low-temperature pipe 11a to absorb the deformation, thereby solving the problems of short service life and heat loss when the deformation absorption structure is arranged on the high-temperature pipe 11b.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, an expansion joint 4 and / or a long elbow with a curved section (not shown) is provided on the cryogenic pipe 11a to absorb the deformation transferred to the cryogenic pipe 11a. Since the expansion joint 4 is provided upstream of the heater 5, the operating temperature of the expansion joint 4 is relatively low, and it can be in stable service for a long time without being easily damaged. At the same time, there is no problem of heat loss when a long elbow is provided on the cryogenic pipe 11a, and a longer curved structure can be provided to absorb and dissipate the deformation through the natural deformation of the pipe itself to protect the tester. In a further preferred embodiment, a reasonable distance should still be maintained between the expansion joint 4 and the heater 5 so that the operating temperature of the expansion joint 4 does not exceed 400k.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, the high-temperature pipe 11b between the heater 5 and the test piece 6 is set as a straight pipe, and the heater 5 is as close to the test piece 6 as possible to shorten the length of the high-temperature pipe 11b where thermal expansion may occur, and reduce the absolute amount of deformation caused by thermal expansion. At the same time, no expansion joint is set on the high-temperature pipe 11b to avoid rapid damage to the expansion joint under high-temperature working conditions.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment, the deformation correction device 12 is installed on the heater 5 to allow the heater 5 to move relative to the ground along the axial direction of the high-temperature pipe 11b. When the high-temperature pipe 11b expands due to heat, the thermal expansion pushes the heater 5 to move upstream, thereby pushing up the low-temperature pipe 11a, thereby transferring the deformation from the high-temperature pipe 11b to the low-temperature pipe 11a. In a further preferred embodiment, the deformation correction device 12 is configured as a slide rail or pulley fixed to the heater 5, which allows the heater 5 to slide relative to the ground while providing support for the heater 5. In different embodiments, the movement of the deformation correction device 12 and the heater 5 can be passive movement under the pushing of the high-temperature pipe 11b, or it can be active movement driven by a special drive device such as a servo motor.

[0027] Another aspect of the present invention provides a high temperature turbine test method. In a preferred embodiment, the method adopts Figure 1 The high temperature turbine tester shown has the following steps:

[0028] Start the air compressor 1, adjust the intake pressure and flow rate through the regulating valve 2, where the flow rate is measured by the flow meter 3, and the air flow changes from axial to radial in the volute 7, and finally flows into the exhaust tower 10 through the opened exhaust regulating valve 9 for discharge. Start the heater 4 to heat the air flow until the temperature of the test piece 6 reaches the preset test temperature, and the gas works in the test piece 6 to drive the hydraulic dynamometer 8 to output power, and the performance test of the test piece 6 is carried out.

[0029] While heating, the high-temperature pipe 11b expands due to the heat, and the deformation correction device 12 enables the heater 5 to move upstream along the axial direction of the high-temperature pipe 11b, forming a push-up on the low-temperature pipe 11a, and transferring the deformation caused by the thermal expansion of the high-temperature pipe 11b to the low-temperature pipe 11a. The expansion joint 4 arranged on the low-temperature pipe 11a absorbs the deformation to avoid stress damage to the tester caused by the deformation. In different embodiments, the movement of the heater 5 can be active movement driven by a driving device, or passive movement under the push-up of the expansion of the high-temperature pipe 11b.

[0030] In other embodiments, the test method may also use a tester of other structures. For example, in some embodiments, the heater 5 may be set as a non-contact heating device, which is not directly connected to the pipeline, and an independent displacement correction device 12 may be set to be directly fixedly connected to the surface of the pipeline, and the pipeline may be pulled upstream to release the deformation caused by thermal expansion to the low-temperature pipeline 11a. In these embodiments, the displacement correction device may be set as a mechanical arm or a pipeline support mounted on a slide rail.

[0031] The purpose of the above embodiments is to further explain the present invention in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can understand the technical concept of the present invention, but it is not intended to limit the present invention. Within the scope of the claims of the present invention, the optimization or equivalent replacement of the part structures and method steps involved, and the combination of implementation methods in different embodiments without conflict of structure and principle, all fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high temperature turbine tester, comprising a heater and a test piece connected in series on a pipeline, characterized in that: It also includes a deformation correction device, which is fixedly installed relative to the pipeline and can move axially along the pipeline relative to the ground to allow axial pushing to be applied to the pipeline upstream of the heater to transfer the deformation of the pipeline between the heater and the test piece to the pipeline upstream of the heater.

2. The high temperature turbine tester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pipe upstream of the heater is provided with an expansion joint to allow the expansion joint to absorb deformation of the pipe.

3. The high temperature turbine tester according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The pipe upstream of the heater is provided with a curved section to allow the curved section to absorb deformation of the pipe.

4. The high temperature turbine tester according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The pipeline between the heater and the test piece is configured as a straight pipeline, and no expansion joint is provided between the heater and the test piece.

5. The high temperature turbine tester according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The deformation correction device is installed on the heater to allow the heater to move relative to the ground along the axial direction of the pipeline.

6. The high temperature turbine tester according to claim 5, characterized in that: The deformation correction device is configured as a slide rail or a pulley.

7. The high temperature turbine tester according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the high-temperature turbine tester is in working condition, the temperature of the installation position of the expansion joint does not exceed 400K.

8. A high temperature turbine test method, characterized in that: A test piece, a heater and a pipe are provided, the test piece is connected to the downstream of the heater through the pipe, and during the heating process, the deformation of the pipe between the heater and the test piece is transferred to the pipe upstream of the heater.

9. The test method according to claim 8, characterized in that The method of transferring the thermal deformation of the pipe between the heater and the test piece to the pipe upstream of the heater is to move the heater so that the pipe downstream of the heater is axially extended upstream and the pipe upstream of the heater is compressed.

10. The test method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: A high temperature turbine tester as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 is used.

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