Full-automatic determination system for high-boiling-point high-vacuum distillation range of petroleum product

Abstract

The invention discloses a petroleum product high-boiling-point high-vacuum distillation distillation range full-automatic measuring system, which is characterized by comprising a main control unit, and the main control unit comprises a signal detection and control device for performing signal detection and signal control on signals fed back by other units; the signal detection and control device is controlled by a man-machine interaction control device; the distillation chamber unit comprises a detected distillation temperature detection device, a distillation chamber heat preservation device, a distillation chamber heating control device and a distillation chamber heat dissipation device; the condensing unit is used for condensing wax-oil-containing steam in the distillation process and naturally cooling non-wax-oil-containing steam, so that liquid drops obtained by condensing oil-containing steam enter the receiving unit; the receiving unit comprises a liquid level detection device, a liquid level tracking device, a receiving room temperature control device, an initial boiling point detection device and a flow guide device; the vacuum degree control unit comprises a vacuum degree detection device and a vacuum degree control device. According to the device disclosed by the invention, the process detection and control of a distillation experiment of a petroleum product under high vacuum can be more intelligent and safer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of fully automatic determination of the distillation range of a high-boiling point and high-vacuum distillation of a petroleum product, and in particular to a fully automatic determination system for the distillation range of a high-boiling point and high-vacuum distillation of a petroleum product. Background Art

[0002] For limited oil resources, distillation under high vacuum can process heavy oil more deeply, thereby increasing the output of light oil, improving resource utilization, and maximizing the utilization of oil resources. For this reason, the determination of oil fraction after decompression is extremely critical for testing oil quality. The vacuum distillation distillation range determination device is used to carry out oil fraction determination.

[0003] At present, all domestic and foreign instruments that meet the SH_T0165 high-boiling point high-vacuum distillation range determination standards are manual instruments. The experimental process of more than an hour requires the full participation of the experimenter, and multiple parameters need to be adjusted, such as vacuum degree, heating power, temperature record, volume record, etc. The complexity is high, the degree of automation is low, the proficiency of the experimenter is high, the labor intensity of the experimenter is high, and the efficiency is low. At the same time, an abnormality in a certain link will have a great impact on the test results.

[0004] With the development of electronic technology, oil analysis instruments have gradually developed towards automation and intelligence. Fully automated instruments have gradually replaced traditional manual instruments due to their convenience, intelligence, and high test accuracy.

[0005] To this end, China's invention patent application publication number CN1129319A discloses a method for reading and processing data for distillation determination of petroleum products. While maintaining the effective inheritance of the test legal model specified in GB6536-86, the present invention adds a test control system, uses a video quantization method to establish an accurate data set model corresponding to the liquid level and volume, and tracks the distillation determination process in real time, samples and records, eliminates the manufacturing error and human error of the determination container, and improves the accuracy and resolution of the test results.

[0006] China utility model patent authorization announcement number CN205619969U discloses an automatic vacuum distillation measuring device, which has a temperature sensor installed at the upper end of the vacuum sleeve, a receiver at the lower part of the lower end of the condenser, and a photoelectric automatic detection primary distillation system around the receiver inlet, the photoelectric automatic detection primary distillation system includes a first infrared light transmitter and a first infrared light receiver; the utility model is automated, saves manpower and improves work efficiency.

[0007] Chinese utility model patent authorization announcement number CN207586157U discloses a distillation test automation system, including a master control machine and multiple slave machines, the master control machine is electrically connected to the slave machines, the slave machines are provided with a flow sensor, a temperature collector and a heating power regulator, an A / D converter is provided between the slave machine and the flow sensor, an A / D converter is provided between the slave machine and the temperature collector circuit connection, a thyristor circuit is provided between the slave machine and the heating power regulator, the test parameters are detected by a photoelectric detection circuit, summarized to a PC end, and the entire distillation detection process is controlled by multiple PC end instructions to realize system automation, which can reduce the difficulty of the detection process, increase the detection accuracy, and be more suitable for the current needs of petroleum product technology development.

[0008] China utility model patent authorization announcement number CN207586159U discloses an automatic closed cup flash point tester for petroleum products, including a fixed casing and a rotating casing, wherein a main control machine, an A / D conversion module, an ignition device, an oil cup, an oil temperature heating device and an oil temperature detection device are arranged in the fixed casing, and a stirring paddle, an oil cup cover and a flash point detection device are arranged on the rotating casing, the A / D conversion module is electrically connected to the main control machine, and the oil temperature heating device, the oil temperature detection device and the flash point detection device are electrically connected to the A / D conversion module respectively, and the test parameters are detected by a photoelectric detection circuit and summarized to a PC end, and the entire distillation detection process is controlled by instructions from the PC end.

[0009] However, the above patent has few sampling points and cannot achieve fully automatic and precise control of the entire distillation process. Summary of the invention

[0010] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a fully automatic measurement system for the high boiling point and high vacuum distillation range of petroleum products with multiple sampling points and multi-point control, which can fully automatically and accurately control the entire distillation process.

[0011] In order to achieve the purpose of the present invention, the technical solution adopted is:

[0012] A fully automatic determination system for high boiling point and high vacuum distillation range of petroleum products, comprising:

[0013] a distillation chamber unit, the distillation chamber unit comprising a distillation temperature detection device for detecting the distillation chamber temperature during the distillation process;

[0014] A still chamber heat preservation device for heat preservation of the still chamber during the heating process;

[0015] A distillation chamber heating control device for controlling the heating power of the electric furnace in the distillation chamber;

[0016] and a distillation chamber heat dissipation device for dissipating heat in the distillation chamber after distillation is completed;

[0017] A condensing unit, wherein the condensing unit condenses the waxy oil vapor in the distillation process and naturally cools the non-waxy oil vapor so that the condensed oil vapor droplets enter the receiving unit; the receiving unit includes a liquid level detection device for detecting the liquid level height of the measuring cylinder in the receiving chamber;

[0018] A liquid level tracking device for detecting the up and down movement of the liquid level of the measuring cylinder in the receiving chamber;

[0019] A receiving room temperature control device for controlling the room temperature of the measuring cylinder in the receiving room;

[0020] An initial boiling point detection device for detecting the temperature of the first drop of liquid in the measuring cylinder in the receiving chamber when it falls and is received;

[0021] A flow guiding device for guiding the liquid droplets falling from the measuring cylinder in the receiving chamber to the wall of the measuring cylinder in the receiving chamber;

[0022] A vacuum control unit, the vacuum control unit comprising a vacuum detection device for detecting the vacuum degree of the distillation range of the overall distillation system and a vacuum control device for controlling the vacuum degree of the distillation range of the overall distillation system;

[0023] A main control unit, the main control unit includes a signal detection and control device that detects and controls signals fed back by a distillation temperature detection device, a distillation chamber insulation device, a distillation chamber heating control device, a distillation chamber heat dissipation device, a liquid level detection device, a liquid level tracking device, a receiving room temperature control device, an initial distillation point detection device, and a vacuum control unit; the signal detection and control device is controlled by a human-computer interaction control device.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the detection signal involved in the signal detection and control device is any one or more of a temperature signal, a pressure signal, and a photoelectric signal;

[0025] The control is any one or more of distillation rate control, temperature control and information feedback control between human-computer interaction.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the distillation temperature detection device detects the oil vapor temperature under high vacuum by setting a thermocouple or a thermal resistance detector.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control range of the distillation chamber heating control device is to meet the time control from the initial distillation point to 10% of the recovered volume and the distillation rate control from 10% of the recovered volume to 90% of the recovered volume;

[0028] And the time control during the process of recovering 90% of the volume to the final distillation point.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the liquid level detection device is provided with a non-contact detection head to detect the height of the concave liquid surface in the measuring cylinder in the receiving chamber to realize the detection of the liquid level.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the liquid level tracking device detects the vertical movement amplitude of the liquid level of the measuring cylinder in the receiving chamber by means of an electric detection terminal that moves up and down.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the initial distillation point detection device is provided with a photoelectric detection probe or a photographic detection probe.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the vacuum degree detection device is a device that arranges a plurality of pressure-sensitive elements in the overall distillation system for detection.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control range of the vacuum degree control device is that the vacuum degree does not exceed 50 mmHg.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an alarm unit is further included, wherein the alarm unit includes a vacuum abnormality alarm device for alarming an abnormal vacuum value fed back from a vacuum control unit of the distillation process;

[0035] Fire alarm device for detecting and providing feedback on fire in the distillation chamber;

[0036] Fire extinguishing device for preliminary extinguishing of fire in distillation chamber.

[0037] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0038] Through the multi-point sampling and multi-point control of the device of the present invention, the process detection and control of the distillation experiment of petroleum products under high vacuum can be made more intelligent and safer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. However, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, in the following structure, the description of the known structure and technology is omitted to avoid unnecessary confusion of the concept of the present invention.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "top / bottom" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific position, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0042] like Figure 1 The system shown is a fully automatic determination system for the high-boiling-point and high-vacuum distillation range of petroleum products, comprising a main control unit 100, which comprises a signal detection and control device 110 for detecting and controlling signals fed back from other units, and the signal detection and control device 110 is controlled by a human-computer interaction control device 120.

[0043] The detection signals involved in the signal detection and control device 110 are any one or more of temperature signals, pressure signals, and photoelectric signals, mainly signals from the distillation chamber unit 200, the condensation unit 300, the receiving unit 400, the vacuum control unit 500, and the alarm unit 600.

[0044] The control here is any one or more of distillation rate control, temperature control and information feedback control between human-computer interaction.

[0045] The human-computer interaction control device 210 is responsible for inputting experimental information, creating and selecting experimental methods, displaying experimental parameters in real time, and saving experimental results.

[0046] The distillation chamber unit 200 includes a distillation temperature detection device 210 for detecting the temperature of the distillation chamber during the distillation process; the distillation temperature detection device 210 detects the oil vapor temperature under high vacuum by setting a thermocouple or a thermal resistance detector.

[0047] The distillation temperature detection device 200 is installed on the distillation flask of the distillation chamber to detect the steam temperature under high vacuum. In the distillation temperature detection device 200 of this embodiment, glass PT100 is used to detect the steam temperature.

[0048] The distillation chamber insulation device 220 is used to insulate the distillation chamber during the heating process, and ensure that the oil vapor smoothly enters the condensing unit 300. At the same time, the addition of the insulation device also reduces the requirement for the system heating power.

[0049] In the high vacuum and high boiling point reduced pressure distillation experiment, the distillation chamber insulation device 220 can effectively reduce the power requirement of the electric furnace and improve the control accuracy of the distillation rate. The insulation material of the distillation chamber insulation device 220 can be selected from materials with low thermal conductivity, such as glass fiber or ceramic fiber.

[0050] The distillation chamber heating control device 230 controls the heating power of the electric furnace in the distillation chamber. The control range of the distillation chamber heating control device 230 is to meet the time control from the initial distillation point to 10% of the recovered volume, the distillation rate control from 10% of the recovered volume to 90% of the recovered volume, and the time control from 90% of the recovered volume to the final distillation point.

[0051] Specifically, the distillation chamber heating device 230 includes an electric furnace and a driving device thereof. The electric furnace is a low-voltage electric furnace, and the driving device is controlled by the signal acquisition and control device 110 .

[0052] During the experiment, a dynamic PID algorithm was used to adjust the furnace power to meet the time control from the initial distillation point to 10% of the recovered volume, the distillation rate control from 10% of the recovered volume to 90% of the recovered volume, and the time control from 90% of the recovered volume to the final distillation point.

[0053] And a distillation chamber heat dissipation device 240 for dissipating heat in the distillation chamber after the distillation is completed. The distillation chamber heat dissipation device 240 is used to dissipate heat in the distillation chamber after the experiment is completed to reduce the time interval of continuous experiments.

[0054] Specifically in the embodiment, the distillation chamber heat dissipation device 240 can use an air cooling device or other heat dissipation devices to dissipate heat.

[0055] The condensing unit 300 condenses the waxy oil vapor in the distillation process and naturally cools the non-waxy oil vapor so that the condensed droplets of the oily vapor enter the receiving unit 400 .

[0056] The receiving unit 400 includes a liquid level detection device 410 for detecting the liquid level height of the measuring cylinder in the receiving chamber. The liquid level detection device 410 is provided with a non-contact detection head to detect the concave liquid surface in the measuring cylinder in the receiving chamber to realize liquid level detection.

[0057] Specifically, the photoelectric receiving and transmitting units are installed on both sides of the measuring cylinder in the receiving room, and the liquid level detection is realized by utilizing the poor light transmittance characteristics of the concave liquid surface in the measuring cylinder in the receiving room.

[0058] The liquid level tracking device 420 detects the up and down movement amplitude of the liquid level in the measuring cylinder in the receiving chamber. The liquid level tracking device 420 detects the up and down movement amplitude of the liquid level in the measuring cylinder in the receiving chamber by means of an electric detection end that moves up and down.

[0059] Specifically, the screw rod is rotated by electric drive, and a valve block is installed on the screw rod, and the valve block is installed as a whole with the liquid level detection device 420. In this way, the liquid level detection device 420 can be driven to move up and down, so as to accurately track the liquid level change of the measuring cylinder in the receiving room.

[0060] The receiving room indoor temperature control device 430 controls the room temperature of the measuring cylinder in the receiving room, and the receiving room indoor temperature control device 430 is connected to the signal detection and control device 110 .

[0061] The receiving room temperature control device 430 is an air internal circulation heating device, which can heat the flowing air and control the heating power using a PID algorithm to make the receiving room temperature reach the temperature required by the experiment. In this embodiment, the temperature control accuracy of the receiving room temperature control device is ±0.5°C.

[0062] The initial boiling point detection device 440 detects the temperature of the first drop of liquid in the measuring cylinder in the receiving chamber when it falls and is received. The initial boiling point detection device 440 is provided with a photoelectric detection probe or a photographic detection probe.

[0063] Specifically, a detection method of multiple groups of photoelectric receiving and transmitting units is adopted. Multiple groups of photoelectric receiving units are installed side by side on one side of the measuring cylinder in the receiving room, and multiple groups of photoelectric transmitting units are installed on the other side, so as to perform multi-point detection on the droplets and improve the accuracy of droplet capture.

[0064] The guide device 450 is used to guide the droplets falling from the measuring cylinder in the receiving chamber to the wall of the measuring cylinder in the receiving chamber. The guide device 450 is composed of a guide plate and a guide plate fixing element.

[0065] The guide plate fixing element is installed at the liquid distillation outlet of the flask. In view of the special structure of the experimental measuring cylinder, the guide plate needs to be fixed on the guide plate fixing element with sufficient elasticity to ensure that the guide plate can be placed in the measuring cylinder in the receiving chamber and the lower end of the guide plate is close to the inner wall of the measuring cylinder. During the experiment, the liquid droplets flow along the guide plate to the inner wall of the measuring cylinder in the receiving chamber, and flow down along the inner wall of the measuring cylinder in the receiving chamber, thereby ensuring the stability of the liquid surface and not affecting the liquid level tracking.

[0066] The vacuum control unit 500 includes a vacuum detection device 510 for detecting the vacuum degree of the distillation range of the entire distillation system and a vacuum control device 520 for controlling the vacuum degree of the distillation range of the entire distillation system.

[0067] The vacuum detection device 510 is a device that sets a plurality of pressure-sensitive elements in the overall distillation system for detection.

[0068] In order to improve the vacuum degree collection accuracy, the vacuum degree detection device 510 adopts a two-stage collection mode, which includes a small-range collection mode and a large-range collection mode. In this device, the small-range collection range is 0-10mmHg, and the large-range collection range is 10mmHg-50mmHg.

[0069] The control range of the vacuum degree control device 520 is that the vacuum degree does not exceed 50 mmHg, that is, the upper limit of the large-scale acquisition range.

[0070] The vacuum control device 520 is composed of a driving device and a regulating valve. The driving device can adjust the valve opening. The opening adjustment refers to adjusting the valve opening to adjust the intake volume of external air, thereby adjusting the system vacuum degree.

[0071] After receiving the signal from the vacuum detection device 510, the signal acquisition and control device 110 drives the vacuum control device 520 according to the set value, and controls the valve opening of the vacuum control device 520 through the PID algorithm, thereby realizing closed-loop control of the vacuum degree.

[0072] The alarm unit 600 includes a vacuum abnormality alarm device 610 for alarming the vacuum abnormality value fed back from the vacuum control unit 500 of the distillation process. The vacuum abnormality alarm device 610 is an alarm device that is activated when the system vacuum is greater than a certain amplitude within a certain period of time. The certain period of time and the certain amplitude here can be independently set according to the system characteristics.

[0073] The fire alarm device 620 detects and provides feedback on the fire in the distillation chamber. The fire alarm device 620 may use a temperature fuse or a flame detector to detect the fire and generate an alarm.

[0074] The fire extinguishing device 630 performs preliminary fire extinguishing in the distillation chamber. In this device, the fire extinguishing device 630 uses nitrogen to extinguish fire, and uses a solenoid valve to control the on and off of nitrogen. After the signal acquisition and control device 110 receives the signal from the fire alarm, it controls the fire extinguishing device 630 to open the solenoid valve to pass nitrogen to extinguish the fire.

[0075] Because of the above structure, the working principle of the present invention is:

[0076] Step 1: Start the experiment after inputting the experimental information and method in the human-computer interaction device, and the method can be created;

[0077] Step 2: The receiving room temperature control device performs temperature control according to the set value;

[0078] Step 3: The vacuum control device controls the vacuum degree according to the set value, and proceeds to the next step after the vacuum degree stabilizes.

[0079] Step 3: The heating control device of the distillation chamber starts heating;

[0080] Step 4: Control the anti-solidification of wax oil in the condenser tube according to the set method;

[0081] Step 5: After the initial distillation point detection device detects the initial distillation point, it notifies the signal acquisition and control device to control the liquid level tracking device to perform liquid level tracking and volume detection;

[0082] Step 6: The heating control device of the distillation chamber adjusts the power to realize the time control from the initial distillation point to 10% of the recovered volume, the distillation rate control from 10% of the recovered volume to 90% of the recovered volume, and the time control from 90% of the recovered volume to the final distillation point.

[0083] Step 7: After the experiment is over, turn on the heat dissipation device of the distillation chamber, and turn off the vacuum pump control device after the temperature drops to a certain value.

[0084] The device of the present invention can make the process detection and control of the distillation experiment of petroleum products under high vacuum more intelligent and safer.

[0085] The basic principles and main features of the invention and the advantages of the invention are shown and described above.

[0086] Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. The above-mentioned embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which shall all fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fully automatic determination system for high boiling point and high vacuum distillation range of petroleum products, characterized in that: include: a distillation chamber unit, the distillation chamber unit comprising a distillation temperature detection device for detecting the distillation chamber temperature during the distillation process; A still chamber heat preservation device for heat preservation of the still chamber during the heating process; A distillation chamber heating control device for controlling the heating power of the electric furnace in the distillation chamber; and a distillation chamber heat dissipation device for dissipating heat in the distillation chamber after distillation is completed; A condensing unit, wherein the condensing unit condenses the waxy oil vapor in the distillation process and naturally cools the non-waxy oil vapor so that the condensed oil vapor droplets enter the receiving unit; the receiving unit includes a liquid level detection device for detecting the liquid level height of the measuring cylinder in the receiving chamber; A liquid level tracking device for detecting the up and down movement of the liquid level of the measuring cylinder in the receiving chamber; A receiving room temperature control device for controlling the room temperature of the measuring cylinder in the receiving room; An initial boiling point detection device for detecting the temperature of the first drop of liquid in the measuring cylinder in the receiving chamber when it falls and is received; A flow guiding device for guiding the liquid droplets falling from the measuring cylinder in the receiving chamber to the wall of the measuring cylinder in the receiving chamber; A vacuum control unit, the vacuum control unit comprising a vacuum detection device for detecting the vacuum degree of the distillation range of the overall distillation system and a vacuum control device for controlling the vacuum degree of the distillation range of the overall distillation system; A main control unit, the main control unit includes a signal detection and control device that detects and controls signals fed back by a distillation temperature detection device, a distillation chamber insulation device, a distillation chamber heating control device, a distillation chamber heat dissipation device, a liquid level detection device, a liquid level tracking device, a receiving room temperature control device, an initial distillation point detection device, and a vacuum control unit; the signal detection and control device is controlled by a human-computer interaction control device.

2. A fully automatic determination system for high boiling point and high vacuum distillation range of petroleum products as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The detection signal involved in the signal detection and control device is any one or more of a temperature signal, a pressure signal, and a photoelectric signal; The control is any one or more of distillation rate control, temperature control and information feedback control between human-computer interaction.

3. A fully automatic determination system for high boiling point and high vacuum distillation range of petroleum products as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The distillation temperature detection device detects the oil vapor temperature under high vacuum by setting a thermocouple or a thermal resistance detector.

4. A fully automatic determination system for high boiling point and high vacuum distillation range of petroleum products as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The control range of the distillation chamber heating control device is to meet the time control from the initial distillation point to 10% of the recovered volume, and the distillation rate control from 10% of the recovered volume to 90% of the recovered volume; And the time control during the process of recovering 90% of the volume to the final distillation point.

5. A fully automatic determination system for high boiling point and high vacuum distillation range of petroleum products as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid level detection device is provided with a non-contact detection head to detect the concave liquid surface of the liquid in the measuring cylinder in the receiving chamber to realize the detection of the liquid level.

6. A fully automatic determination system for high boiling point and high vacuum distillation range of petroleum products as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid level tracking device detects the upward and downward movement amplitude of the liquid level of the measuring cylinder in the receiving chamber through an electric detection terminal that moves upward and downward.

7. A fully automatic determination system for high boiling point and high vacuum distillation range of petroleum products as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The initial distillation point detection device is provided with a photoelectric detection probe or a photographic detection probe.

8. A fully automatic determination system for high boiling point and high vacuum distillation range of petroleum products as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The vacuum degree detection device is a device for arranging a plurality of pressure-sensitive elements in the overall distillation system for detection.

9. A fully automatic determination system for high boiling point and high vacuum distillation range of petroleum products as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The control range of the vacuum degree control device is that the vacuum degree does not exceed 50 mmHg.

10. A fully automatic determination system for high boiling point and high vacuum distillation range of petroleum products as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an alarm unit, wherein the alarm unit includes a vacuum abnormality alarm device for alarming an abnormal vacuum value fed back from a vacuum control unit of the distillation process; Fire alarm device for detecting and providing feedback on fire in the distillation chamber; Fire extinguishing device for preliminary extinguishing of fire in distillation chamber.

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